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Salmón P, Dawson NJ, Millet C, Selman C, Monaghan P. Mitochondrial function declines with age within individuals but is not linked to the pattern of growth or mortality risk in zebra finch. Aging Cell 2023:e13822. [PMID: 36938671 DOI: 10.1111/acel.13822] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2022] [Revised: 02/27/2023] [Accepted: 02/28/2023] [Indexed: 03/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Mitochondrial dysfunction is considered a highly conserved hallmark of ageing. However, most of the studies in both model and non-model organisms are cross-sectional in design; therefore, little is known, at the individual level, on how mitochondrial function changes with age, its link to early developmental conditions or its relationship with survival. Here we manipulated the postnatal growth in zebra finches (Taeniopygia guttata) via dietary modification that induced accelerated growth without changing adult body size. In the same individuals, we examined blood cells mitochondrial functioning (mainly erythrocytes) when they were young (ca. 36 weeks) and again in mid-aged (ca. 91 weeks) adulthood. Mitochondrial function was strongly influenced by age but not by postnatal growth conditions. Across all groups, within individual ROUTINE respiration, OXPHOS and OXPHOS coupling efficiency significantly declined with age, while LEAK respiration increased. However, we found no link between mitochondrial function and the probability of survival into relatively old age (ca. 4 years). Our results suggest that the association between accelerated growth and reduced longevity, evident in this as in other species, is not attributable to age-related changes in any of the measured mitochondrial function traits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pablo Salmón
- School of Biodiversity, One Health and Veterinary Medicine, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK.,Institute of Avian Research "Vogelwarte Helgoland", Wilhelmshaven, Germany
| | - Neal J Dawson
- School of Biodiversity, One Health and Veterinary Medicine, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
| | - Caroline Millet
- School of Biodiversity, One Health and Veterinary Medicine, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
| | - Colin Selman
- School of Biodiversity, One Health and Veterinary Medicine, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
| | - Pat Monaghan
- School of Biodiversity, One Health and Veterinary Medicine, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
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Salmón P, Millet C, Selman C, Monaghan P, Dawson NJ. Tissue-specific reductions in mitochondrial efficiency and increased ROS release rates during ageing in zebra finches, Taeniopygia guttata. GeroScience 2022; 45:265-276. [PMID: 35986126 PMCID: PMC9886749 DOI: 10.1007/s11357-022-00624-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2022] [Accepted: 07/11/2022] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Mitochondrial dysfunction and oxidative damage have long been suggested as critically important mechanisms underlying the ageing process in animals. However, conflicting data exist on whether this involves increased production of mitochondrial reactive oxygen species (ROS) during ageing. We employed high-resolution respirometry and fluorometry on flight muscle (pectoralis major) and liver mitochondria to simultaneously examine mitochondrial function and ROS (H2O2) release rates in young (3 months) and old (4 years) zebra finches (Taeniopygia guttata). Respiratory capacities for oxidative phosphorylation did not differ between the two age groups in either tissue. Respiratory control ratios (RCR) of liver mitochondria also did not differ between the age classes. However, RCR in muscle mitochondria was 55% lower in old relative to young birds, suggesting that muscle mitochondria in older individuals are less efficient. Interestingly, this observed reduction in muscle RCR was driven almost entirely by higher mitochondrial LEAK-state respiration. Maximum mitochondrial ROS release rates were found to be greater in both flight muscle (1.3-fold) and the liver (1.9-fold) of old birds. However, while maximum ROS (H2O2) release rates from mitochondria increased with age across both liver and muscle tissues, the liver demonstrated a proportionally greater age-related increase in ROS release than muscle. This difference in age-related increases in ROS release rates between muscle and liver tissues may be due to increased mitochondrial leakiness in the muscle, but not the liver, of older birds. This suggests that age-related changes in cellular function seem to occur in a tissue-specific manner in zebra finches, with flight muscle exhibiting signs of minimising age-related increase in ROS release, potentially to reduce damage to this crucial tissue in older individuals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pablo Salmón
- School of Biodiversity, One Health and Veterinary Medicine, University of Glasgow, Graham Kerr Building, Glasgow, G12 8QQ, UK.
| | - Caroline Millet
- School of Biodiversity, One Health and Veterinary Medicine, University of Glasgow, Graham Kerr Building, Glasgow, G12 8QQ UK
| | - Colin Selman
- School of Biodiversity, One Health and Veterinary Medicine, University of Glasgow, Graham Kerr Building, Glasgow, G12 8QQ UK
| | - Pat Monaghan
- School of Biodiversity, One Health and Veterinary Medicine, University of Glasgow, Graham Kerr Building, Glasgow, G12 8QQ UK
| | - Neal J. Dawson
- School of Biodiversity, One Health and Veterinary Medicine, University of Glasgow, Graham Kerr Building, Glasgow, G12 8QQ UK
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Berntsen HH, Bech C. Incubation temperature and physiological aging in the zebra finch. PLoS One 2021; 16:e0260037. [PMID: 34843532 PMCID: PMC8629242 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0260037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2021] [Accepted: 10/30/2021] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
In birds, incubation temperature has received increased attention as an important source of phenotypic variability in offspring. A lower than optimal incubation temperature may negatively affect aspects of nestling physiology, such as body growth and energy metabolism. However, the long-term effects of sub-optimal incubation temperature on morphology and physiology are not well understood. In a previous study, we showed that zebra finches from eggs incubated at a low temperature (35.9°C) for 2/3 of the total incubation time suffered a lower post-fledging survival compared to individuals that had been incubated at higher temperatures (37.0 and 37.9°C). In the present study, we investigated whether these variations in incubation temperature could cause permanent long-lasting differences in body mass, body size, or basal metabolic rate. Furthermore, we tested whether the observed differences in survival between treatment groups would be reflected in the rate of physiological deterioration, assessed through oxidative damage and decreased metabolic rate with age (i.e. 'metabolic aging'). Incubation temperature did not significantly affect embryonic or nestling body growth and did not influence final adult body mass or body size. Nor was there any long-term effect on basal metabolic rate. Birds from eggs incubated at the lowest temperature experienced an accumulation of oxidative damage with age, although this was not accompanied by an accelerated rate of metabolic aging. The present results suggest that the low survival in these birds was possibly mediated by increased oxidative stress, but independent of body growth and the basal metabolic rate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Henrik H. Berntsen
- Department of Biology, Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU), Trondheim, Norway
- Norwegian Institute for Nature Research, Trondheim, Norway
| | - Claus Bech
- Department of Biology, Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU), Trondheim, Norway
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Briga M, Verhulst S. Mosaic metabolic ageing: Basal and standard metabolic rates age in opposite directions and independent of environmental quality, sex and life span in a passerine. Funct Ecol 2021. [DOI: 10.1111/1365-2435.13785] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Michael Briga
- Groningen Institute for Evolutionary Life Sciences University of Groningen Groningen The Netherlands
| | - Simon Verhulst
- Groningen Institute for Evolutionary Life Sciences University of Groningen Groningen The Netherlands
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Cozzarolo CS, Sironi N, Glaizot O, Pigeault R, Christe P. Sex-biased parasitism in vector-borne disease: Vector preference? PLoS One 2019; 14:e0216360. [PMID: 31048933 PMCID: PMC6497283 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0216360] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2018] [Accepted: 04/18/2019] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Sex-biased infections are a recurrent observation in vertebrates. In many species, males are more parasitized than females. Two potentially complementary mechanisms are often suggested to explain this pattern: sexual differences in susceptibility mainly caused by the effect of sex hormones on immunity and differential exposure to parasites. Exposure is mostly a consequence of host behavioural traits, but vector-borne parasitic infections involve another degree of complexity due to the active role of vectors in transmission. Blood-sucking insects may make choices based on cues produced by hosts. Regarding malaria, several studies highlighted a male-biased infection by Plasmodium sp in great tits (Parus major). We hypothesize that the mosquito vector, Culex pipiens, might at least partially cause this bias by being more attracted to male birds. Intrinsic variation associated to bird sex would explain a preference of mosquitoes for males. To test this hypothesis, we provide uninfected mosquitoes with a choice between uninfected male and female nestlings. Mosquito choice is assessed by sex typing of the ingested blood. We did not observe any preference for a given sex. This result does not support our prediction of a preference of mosquitoes for male great tits during the nestling period. In conclusion, mosquitoes do not seem to have an intrinsic preference for male nestlings. However, sexually divergent traits (e.g. behaviour, odour, metabolic rate) present in adults may play a role in the attraction of mosquitoes and should be investigated.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Nicolas Sironi
- Département d’Ecologie & Evolution, Université de Lausanne, Lausanne, Suisse
| | - Olivier Glaizot
- Département d’Ecologie & Evolution, Université de Lausanne, Lausanne, Suisse
- Musée cantonal de zoologie, Lausanne, Suisse
| | - Romain Pigeault
- Département d’Ecologie & Evolution, Université de Lausanne, Lausanne, Suisse
| | - Philippe Christe
- Département d’Ecologie & Evolution, Université de Lausanne, Lausanne, Suisse
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Immonen E, Hämäläinen A, Schuett W, Tarka M. Evolution of sex-specific pace-of-life syndromes: genetic architecture and physiological mechanisms. Behav Ecol Sociobiol 2018; 72:60. [PMID: 29576676 PMCID: PMC5856903 DOI: 10.1007/s00265-018-2462-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2017] [Revised: 11/13/2017] [Accepted: 02/07/2018] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Sex differences in life history, physiology, and behavior are nearly ubiquitous across taxa, owing to sex-specific selection that arises from different reproductive strategies of the sexes. The pace-of-life syndrome (POLS) hypothesis predicts that most variation in such traits among individuals, populations, and species falls along a slow-fast pace-of-life continuum. As a result of their different reproductive roles and environment, the sexes also commonly differ in pace-of-life, with important consequences for the evolution of POLS. Here, we outline mechanisms for how males and females can evolve differences in POLS traits and in how such traits can covary differently despite constraints resulting from a shared genome. We review the current knowledge of the genetic basis of POLS traits and suggest candidate genes and pathways for future studies. Pleiotropic effects may govern many of the genetic correlations, but little is still known about the mechanisms involved in trade-offs between current and future reproduction and their integration with behavioral variation. We highlight the importance of metabolic and hormonal pathways in mediating sex differences in POLS traits; however, there is still a shortage of studies that test for sex specificity in molecular effects and their evolutionary causes. Considering whether and how sexual dimorphism evolves in POLS traits provides a more holistic framework to understand how behavioral variation is integrated with life histories and physiology, and we call for studies that focus on examining the sex-specific genetic architecture of this integration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elina Immonen
- Department of Ecology and Genetics, Evolutionary Biology Centre (EBC), Uppsala University, Norbyvägen 18 D, SE-75 236 Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Anni Hämäläinen
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Alberta, Edmonton, T6G 2E9 Canada
| | - Wiebke Schuett
- Zoological Institute, University of Hamburg, Martin-Luther-King Platz 3, 20146 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Maja Tarka
- Center for Biodiversity Dynamics, Department of Biology, Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU), Høgskoleringen 5, 7491 Trondheim, Norway
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Friesen CR, Johansson R, Olsson M. Morph-specific metabolic rate and the timing of reproductive senescence in a color polymorphic dragon. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL ZOOLOGY PART 2017; 327:433-443. [DOI: 10.1002/jez.2118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2017] [Accepted: 09/27/2017] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Rasmus Johansson
- Department of Biological and Environmental Sciences; University of Gothenburg; Gothenburg Sweden
| | - Mats Olsson
- Department of Biological and Environmental Sciences; University of Gothenburg; Gothenburg Sweden
- School of Biological Sciences; University of Wollongong; Wollongong Australia
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