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Shah HMS, Khan AS, Singh Z, Ayyub S. Postharvest Biology and Technology of Loquat ( Eriobotrya japonica Lindl.). Foods 2023; 12:foods12061329. [PMID: 36981255 PMCID: PMC10048680 DOI: 10.3390/foods12061329] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2023] [Revised: 03/14/2023] [Accepted: 03/17/2023] [Indexed: 03/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Loquat (Eriobotrya japonica Lindl.) fruit is a rich source of carotenoids, flavonoids, phenolics, sugars, and organic acids. Although it is classified as a non-climacteric fruit, susceptibility to mechanical and physical bruising causes its rapid deterioration by moisture loss and postharvest decay caused by pathogens. Anthracnose, canker, and purple spot are the most prevalent postharvest diseases of loquat fruit. Cold storage has been used for quality management of loquat fruit, but the susceptibility of some cultivars to chilling injury (CI) consequently leads to browning and other disorders. Various techniques, including cold storage, controlled atmosphere storage, hypobaric storage, modified atmosphere packaging, low-temperature conditioning, heat treatment, edible coatings, and postharvest chemical application, have been tested to extend shelf life, mitigate chilling injury, and quality preservation. This review comprehensively focuses on the recent advances in the postharvest physiology and technology of loquat fruit, such as harvest maturity, fruit ripening physiology, postharvest storage techniques, and physiological disorders and diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Ahmad Sattar Khan
- Postharvest Research and Training Centre, Institute of Horticultural Sciences, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad 38040, Pakistan
| | - Zora Singh
- Horticulture, School of Science, Edith Cowan University, 270 Joondalup Drive, Joondalup 6027, Australia
| | - Saqib Ayyub
- Postharvest Research and Training Centre, Institute of Horticultural Sciences, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad 38040, Pakistan
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2
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Pazarlar S, Madriz-Ordeñana K, Thordal-Christensen H. Bacillus cereus EC9 protects tomato against Fusarium wilt through JA/ET-activated immunity. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2022; 13:1090947. [PMID: 36589090 PMCID: PMC9798288 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.1090947] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2022] [Accepted: 11/29/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
The mechanisms of action and the limitations of effectiveness of natural biocontrol agents should be determined in order to convert them into end products that can be used in practice. Rhizosphere Bacillus spp. protect plants from various pathogens by displaying several modes of action. However, the ability of Bacillus spp. to control plant diseases depends on the interaction between the bacteria, host, and pathogen, and the environmental conditions. We found that soil drenching of tomato plants with the non-antifungal Bacillus cereus strain EC9 (EC9) enhances plant defense against Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. lycopersici (Fol). To study the involvement of plant defense-related phytohormones in the regulation of EC9-activated protection against Fol, we conducted plant bioassays in tomato genotypes impaired in salicylic acid (SA) accumulation, jasmonic acid (JA) biosynthesis, and ethylene (ET) production, and analyzed the transcript levels of pathways-related marker genes. Our results indicate that JA/ET-dependent signaling is required for EC9-mediated protection against Fol in tomato. We provide evidence that EC9 primes tomato plants for enhanced expression of proteinase inhibitor I (PI-I) and ethylene receptor4 (ETR4). Moreover, we demonstrated that EC9 induces callose deposition in tomato roots. Understanding the involvement of defense-related phytohormones in EC9-mediated defense against Fusarium wilt has increased our knowledge of interactions between non-antifungal plant defense-inducing rhizobacteria and plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sercan Pazarlar
- Department of Plant Protection, Faculty of Agriculture, Ege University, Izmir, Turkey
- Department of Plant and Environmental Sciences, Section for Plant and Soil Science, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Kenneth Madriz-Ordeñana
- Department of Plant and Environmental Sciences, Section for Plant and Soil Science, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Hans Thordal-Christensen
- Department of Plant and Environmental Sciences, Section for Plant and Soil Science, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
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3
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Zhang S, Sun H, Wang J, Shen J, He F, Chen D, Wang Y. The Regulatory Mechanisms and Control Technologies of Chilling Injury and Fungal Diseases of Postharvest Loquat Fruit. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 11:3472. [PMID: 36559584 PMCID: PMC9784782 DOI: 10.3390/plants11243472] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2022] [Revised: 11/29/2022] [Accepted: 12/10/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Loquat is a popular fruit widely cultivated all over the world. It is rich in minerals and carotenoids and has high commercial value. At room temperature, loquat fruit is impressionable to water and nutritional losses, physical damage, and microbial decay, resulting in a short postharvest life. Low-temperature storage is routinely used to prolong the shelf life of loquat fruit; however, cold storage can also lead to lignification of flesh tissue, which is one of the major symptoms of chilling injury (CI), reducing the quality and economic value of the fruit. In addition, fruit decay caused by microbial infection is another important reason for postharvest losses of loquat. To reduce quality deterioration and optimize the postharvest storage strategies of loquat fruit, considerable progress has been made in the physiological and molecular biological studies of CI, microbial decay, and preservation technologies of loquat fruit during the postharvest phase in recent decades. This review summarizes the current research progress and provides a reference for the improvement of loquat fruit quality.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Ying Wang
- College of Ocean Food and Biological Engineering, Jimei University, Xiamen 361021, China
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4
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Kashyap AS, Manzar N, Nebapure SM, Rajawat MVS, Deo MM, Singh JP, Kesharwani AK, Singh RP, Dubey SC, Singh D. Unraveling Microbial Volatile Elicitors Using a Transparent Methodology for Induction of Systemic Resistance and Regulation of Antioxidant Genes at Expression Levels in Chili against Bacterial Wilt Disease. Antioxidants (Basel) 2022; 11:antiox11020404. [PMID: 35204287 PMCID: PMC8869530 DOI: 10.3390/antiox11020404] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2022] [Revised: 02/05/2022] [Accepted: 02/09/2022] [Indexed: 12/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Microbial volatiles benefit the agricultural ecological system by promoting plant growth and systemic resistance against diseases without harming the environment. To explore the plant growth-promoting efficiency of VOCs produced by Pseudomonas fluorescens PDS1 and Bacillus subtilis KA9 in terms of chili plant growth and its biocontrol efficiency against Ralstonia solanacearum, experiments were conducted both in vitro and in vivo. A closure assembly was designed using a half-inverted plastic bottle to demonstrate plant–microbial interactions via volatile compounds. The most common volatile organic compounds were identified and reported; they promoted plant development and induced systemic resistance (ISR) against wilt pathogen R. solanacearum. The PDS1 and KA9 VOCs significantly increased defensive enzyme activity and overexpressed the antioxidant genes PAL, POD, SOD, WRKYa, PAL1, DEF-1, CAT-2, WRKY40, HSFC1, LOX2, and NPR1 related to plant defense. The overall gene expression was greater in root tissue as compared to leaf tissue in chili plant. Our findings shed light on the relationship among rhizobacteria, pathogen, and host plants, resulting in plant growth promotion, disease suppression, systemic resistance-inducing potential, and antioxidant response with related gene expression in the leaf and root tissue of chili.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abhijeet Shankar Kashyap
- Division of Plant Pathology, ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi 110012, India; (A.K.K.); (R.P.S.)
- Plant Pathology Laboratory, ICAR-National Bureau of Agriculturally Important Microorganisms, Maunath Bhanjan 275103, India; (N.M.); (M.V.S.R.); (J.P.S.)
- Correspondence: (A.S.K.); (D.S.)
| | - Nazia Manzar
- Plant Pathology Laboratory, ICAR-National Bureau of Agriculturally Important Microorganisms, Maunath Bhanjan 275103, India; (N.M.); (M.V.S.R.); (J.P.S.)
| | | | - Mahendra Vikram Singh Rajawat
- Plant Pathology Laboratory, ICAR-National Bureau of Agriculturally Important Microorganisms, Maunath Bhanjan 275103, India; (N.M.); (M.V.S.R.); (J.P.S.)
| | - Man Mohan Deo
- Farm Machinery and Power, ICAR-Indian Institute of Pulses Research, Kanpur 208024, India;
| | - Jyoti Prakash Singh
- Plant Pathology Laboratory, ICAR-National Bureau of Agriculturally Important Microorganisms, Maunath Bhanjan 275103, India; (N.M.); (M.V.S.R.); (J.P.S.)
- Division of Biochemistry, ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi 110012, India
| | - Amit Kumar Kesharwani
- Division of Plant Pathology, ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi 110012, India; (A.K.K.); (R.P.S.)
| | - Ravinder Pal Singh
- Division of Plant Pathology, ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi 110012, India; (A.K.K.); (R.P.S.)
| | - S. C. Dubey
- Division of Plant Quarantine, ICAR-NBPGR, New Delhi 110012, India;
- Krishi Bhawan, Indian Council of Agricultural Research, New Delhi 110001, India
| | - Dinesh Singh
- Division of Plant Pathology, ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi 110012, India; (A.K.K.); (R.P.S.)
- Correspondence: (A.S.K.); (D.S.)
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5
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Yu YY, Dou GX, Sun XX, Chen L, Zheng Y, Xiao HM, Wang YP, Li HY, Guo JH, Jiang CH. Transcriptome and Biochemical Analysis Jointly Reveal the Effects of Bacillus cereus AR156 on Postharvest Strawberry Gray Mold and Fruit Quality. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2021; 12:700446. [PMID: 34434207 PMCID: PMC8380966 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2021.700446] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2021] [Accepted: 06/28/2021] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
Postharvest strawberry is susceptible to gray mold disease caused by Botrytis cinerea, which seriously damage the storage capacity of fruits. Biological control has been implicated as an effective and safe method to suppress plant disease. The aim of this study is to evaluate the postharvest disease control ability of Bacillus cereus AR156 and explore the response of strawberry fruit to this biocontrol microorganism. Bacillus cereus AR156 treatment significantly suppressed gray mold disease and postponed the strawberry senescence during storage. The bacterium pretreatment remarkably enhanced the reactive oxygen-scavenging and defense-related activities of enzymes. The promotion on the expression of the encoding-genes was confirmed by quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR) that significantly increased the expression of the marker genes of salicylic acid (SA) signaling pathway, such as PR1, PR2, and PR5, instead of that of the jasmonic acid (JA)/ethylene (ET) pathway, which was also shown. Moreover, through transcriptome profiling, about 6,781 differentially expressed genes (DEGS) in strawberry upon AR156 treatment were identified. The gene ontology (GO) classification and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway enrichment indicated that AR156 altered the transcription of numerous transcription factors and genes involved in the SA-related plant disease resistance, metabolism, and biosynthesis of benzoxazinoids and flavonoids. This study offered a non-antagonistic Bacillus as a method for postharvest strawberry storage and disease control, and further revealed that the biocontrol effects were arisen from the induction of host responses on the transcription level and subsequent resistance-related substance accumulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi-Yang Yu
- Department of Plant Pathology, College of Plant Protection, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
- Key Laboratory of Monitoring and Management of Crop Diseases and Pest Insects, Ministry of Agriculture, Nanjing, China
- Engineering Center of Bioresource Pesticides in Jiangsu Province, Nanjing, China
| | - Guo-Xia Dou
- Key Laboratory of Quality and Safety Risk Assessment in Agricultural Products Preservation (Nanjing), Ministry of Agriculture, College of Food Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Xing-Xing Sun
- Jiangsu Coastal Area Institute of Agricultural Science, Yancheng, China
| | - Lin Chen
- Department of Plant Pathology, College of Plant Protection, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
- Key Laboratory of Monitoring and Management of Crop Diseases and Pest Insects, Ministry of Agriculture, Nanjing, China
- Engineering Center of Bioresource Pesticides in Jiangsu Province, Nanjing, China
| | - Ying Zheng
- Department of Plant Pathology, College of Plant Protection, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
- Key Laboratory of Monitoring and Management of Crop Diseases and Pest Insects, Ministry of Agriculture, Nanjing, China
- Engineering Center of Bioresource Pesticides in Jiangsu Province, Nanjing, China
| | - Hong-Mei Xiao
- Key Laboratory of Quality and Safety Risk Assessment in Agricultural Products Preservation (Nanjing), Ministry of Agriculture, College of Food Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yun-Peng Wang
- Jiangsu Provincial Key Construction Laboratory of Probiotics Preparation, College of Life Science and Food Engineering, Huaiyin Institute of Technology, Huai’an, China
| | - Hong-Yang Li
- Jiangsu Coastal Area Institute of Agricultural Science, Yancheng, China
| | - Jian-Hua Guo
- Department of Plant Pathology, College of Plant Protection, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
- Key Laboratory of Monitoring and Management of Crop Diseases and Pest Insects, Ministry of Agriculture, Nanjing, China
- Engineering Center of Bioresource Pesticides in Jiangsu Province, Nanjing, China
| | - Chun-Hao Jiang
- Department of Plant Pathology, College of Plant Protection, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
- Key Laboratory of Monitoring and Management of Crop Diseases and Pest Insects, Ministry of Agriculture, Nanjing, China
- Engineering Center of Bioresource Pesticides in Jiangsu Province, Nanjing, China
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6
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Compost Amendments Based on Vinegar Residue Promote Tomato Growth and Suppress Bacterial Wilt Caused by Ralstonia Solanacearum. Pathogens 2020; 9:pathogens9030227. [PMID: 32204419 PMCID: PMC7157243 DOI: 10.3390/pathogens9030227] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2020] [Revised: 02/11/2020] [Accepted: 03/16/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Tomato bacterial wilt caused by Ralstonia solanacearum (RS) is one of the most devastating soil-borne diseases, and compost is to be considered as a resource-saving and environment-friendly measure to control the disease. Herein, a pot experiment was implemented to explore the effects of vinegar residue matrix amendments on the growth performances of tomato seedlings and to examine the suppression ability against bacterial wilt under vinegar residue substrate (VRS), and peat substrate (Peat) with RS inoculation. The results revealed that VRS effectively suppressed the disease incidence of bacterial wilt, increased the number of bacteria and actinomycetes, decreased fungi populations, promoted soil microbial populations and microbial activities, enhanced the growths of tomato seedlings, and modulated defense mechanism. In addition, VRS efficiently inhibited the oxidative damage in RS inoculated leaves via the regulation of excess reactive oxide species (O2•− and H2O2) production, lessening of malondialdehyde (MDA) content, and causing less membrane injury; resulting in enhancements of antioxidants enzymes activities accompanying with modulating their encoding gene expression. The transcription levels of NPR1, PIN2, PR1b, ACO1, EDS1, PR1B, MAPK3, PIN2, and RRS1 were also modulated with the pathogens inoculated in tomato leaves both in VRS and Peat treatments, which indicated that systemic-acquired resistance possesses cross-talk between salicylic acid, jasmonic acid, and the ethylene-dependent signaling pathway. Besides, the RS inoculation significantly inhibited the growth of tomato seedlings, and all growth indices of plants grown in VRS were considerably higher than those produced in Peat. Taken together, VRS represents a new strategy to control tomato bacterial wilt through boosting the soil microbial populations and microbial activities. Furthermore, VRS promotes the plant immune response to provide a better growth environment for plants surviving in disease conditions.
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7
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Effect of Marine Bacteria and Ulvan on the Activity of Antioxidant Defense Enzymes and the Bio-Protection of Papaya Fruit against Colletotrichum gloeosporioides. Antioxidants (Basel) 2019; 8:antiox8120580. [PMID: 31771146 PMCID: PMC6943524 DOI: 10.3390/antiox8120580] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2019] [Revised: 11/12/2019] [Accepted: 11/20/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Anthracnose, caused by Colletotrichum gloeosporioides, is one of the most important diseases in papaya fruit. Its control has been achieved with synthetic fungicides, but the application of marine bacteria and the sulphated polysaccharide ulvan (structural description: β[1,4]-D-GlcA-α[1,4]-L-Rha 3 sulfate, β[1,4]-L-IdoA-α[1,4]-L-Rha 3 sulfate, β[1,4]-D-Xyl-α[1,4]-L-Rha 3 sulfate, and β[1,4]-D-Xyl 2-sulfate-α[1,4]-L-Rha 3 sulfate) from Ulva sp. can be an alternative in the use of agrochemicals. Thus, the objective of this study was to assess the effect in vitro and in vivo of two marine bacteria, Stenotrophomonas rhizophila and Bacillus amyloliquefaciens, and ulvan in papaya fruit’s bio-protection against C. gloeosporioides. The capacity of marine bacteria to inhibit mycelial growth and phytopathogen spore germination in vitro through volatile organic compounds (VOCs) and carbohydrate competition was evaluated. Fruit was inoculated with bacteria, ulvan, and C. gloeosporioides and incubated at 25 °C and 90% of relative humidity (RH) for seven days. Disease incidence (%), lesion diameter (mm), and antioxidant defense enzyme activity (such as superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), and peroxidase (POD) were quantified. In vitro, C. gloeosporioides was inhibited by S. rhizophila and B. amyloliquefaciens. In vivo, disease incidence and the lesion diameter of anthracnose on papaya fruit were significantly reduced by marine bacteria and ulvan. Antioxidant defense enzyme activity played an important role in fruit bio-protection against C. gloeosporioides. The application of marine bacteria and ulvan can be an alternative in the sustainable postharvest management of papaya.
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Saxena A, Kumar M, Chakdar H, Anuroopa N, Bagyaraj D. Bacillusspecies in soil as a natural resource for plant health and nutrition. J Appl Microbiol 2019; 128:1583-1594. [DOI: 10.1111/jam.14506] [Citation(s) in RCA: 104] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2019] [Revised: 10/19/2019] [Accepted: 10/29/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- A.K. Saxena
- ICAR‐National Bureau of Agriculturally Important Microorganisms Mau Uttar Pradesh India
| | - M. Kumar
- ICAR‐National Bureau of Agriculturally Important Microorganisms Mau Uttar Pradesh India
| | - H. Chakdar
- ICAR‐National Bureau of Agriculturally Important Microorganisms Mau Uttar Pradesh India
| | - N. Anuroopa
- Centre for Natural Biological Resources and Community Development Bangalore Karnataka India
- Government Science College Nrupathunga Road Bangalore Karnataka India
| | - D.J. Bagyaraj
- Centre for Natural Biological Resources and Community Development Bangalore Karnataka India
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9
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Wang N, Wang L, Zhu K, Hou S, Chen L, Mi D, Gui Y, Qi Y, Jiang C, Guo JH. Plant Root Exudates Are Involved in Bacillus cereus AR156 Mediated Biocontrol Against Ralstonia solanacearum. Front Microbiol 2019; 10:98. [PMID: 30766525 PMCID: PMC6365458 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2019.00098] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2018] [Accepted: 01/16/2019] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The biological control process mediated by microbes relies on multiple interactions among plants, pathogens and biocontrol agents (BCAs). One such efficient BCA is Bacillus cereus AR156, a bacterial strain that controls a broad spectrum of plant diseases and potentially works as a microbe elicitor of plant immune reactions. It remains unclear, however, whether the interaction between plants and B. cereus AR156 may facilitate composition changes of plant root exudates and whether these changes directly affect the growth of both plant pathogens and B. cereus AR156 itself. Here, we addressed these questions by analyzing the influences of root exudate changes mediated by B. cereus AR156 during biocontrol against tomato bacterial wilt caused by Ralstonia solanacearum. Indeed, some upregulated metabolites in tomato root exudates induced by B. cereus AR156 (REB), such as lactic acid and hexanoic acid, induced the growth and motile ability of in vitro B. cereus AR156 cells. Exogenously applying hexanoic acid and lactic acid to tomato plants showed positive biocontrol efficacy (46.6 and 39.36%) against tomato bacterial wilt, compared with 51.02% by B. cereus AR156 itself. Furthermore, fructose, lactic acid, sucrose and threonine at specific concentrations stimulated the biofilm formation of B. cereus AR156 in Luria-Bertan- Glycerol- Magnesium medium (LBGM), and we also detected more colonized cells of B. cereus AR156 on the tomato root surface after adding these four compounds to the system. These observations suggest that the ability of B. cereus AR156 to induce some specific components in plant root exudates was probably involved in further biocontrol processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ning Wang
- Department of Plant Pathology, College of Plant Protection, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China.,Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Regional Modern Agriculture & Environmental Protection, Nanjing, China.,Key Laboratory of Integrated Management of Crop Diseases and Pests, Ministry of Education, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Luyao Wang
- Department of Plant Pathology, College of Plant Protection, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China.,Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Regional Modern Agriculture & Environmental Protection, Nanjing, China.,Key Laboratory of Integrated Management of Crop Diseases and Pests, Ministry of Education, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Kai Zhu
- Department of Plant Pathology, College of Plant Protection, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China.,Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Regional Modern Agriculture & Environmental Protection, Nanjing, China.,Key Laboratory of Integrated Management of Crop Diseases and Pests, Ministry of Education, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Sensen Hou
- Department of Plant Pathology, College of Plant Protection, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China.,Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Regional Modern Agriculture & Environmental Protection, Nanjing, China.,Key Laboratory of Integrated Management of Crop Diseases and Pests, Ministry of Education, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Lin Chen
- Department of Plant Pathology, College of Plant Protection, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China.,Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Regional Modern Agriculture & Environmental Protection, Nanjing, China.,Key Laboratory of Integrated Management of Crop Diseases and Pests, Ministry of Education, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Dandan Mi
- Department of Plant Pathology, College of Plant Protection, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China.,Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Regional Modern Agriculture & Environmental Protection, Nanjing, China.,Key Laboratory of Integrated Management of Crop Diseases and Pests, Ministry of Education, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Ying Gui
- Department of Plant Pathology, College of Plant Protection, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China.,Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Regional Modern Agriculture & Environmental Protection, Nanjing, China.,Key Laboratory of Integrated Management of Crop Diseases and Pests, Ministry of Education, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yijun Qi
- Tsinghua-Peking Center for Life Sciences, Beijing, China.,Center for Plant Biology, School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Chunhao Jiang
- Department of Plant Pathology, College of Plant Protection, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China.,Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Regional Modern Agriculture & Environmental Protection, Nanjing, China.,Key Laboratory of Integrated Management of Crop Diseases and Pests, Ministry of Education, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Jian-Hua Guo
- Department of Plant Pathology, College of Plant Protection, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China.,Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Regional Modern Agriculture & Environmental Protection, Nanjing, China.,Key Laboratory of Integrated Management of Crop Diseases and Pests, Ministry of Education, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
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10
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YANTI YULMIRA, WARNITA WARNITA, REFLIN REFLIN. Induced Defense Related Enzyme Activities of Tomato Plant by Indigenous Endophytic Bacteria and Challenged by Ralstonia Syzigii Subsp. Indonesiensis. MICROBIOLOGY INDONESIA 2019. [DOI: 10.5454/mi.13.1.4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
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11
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Pétriacq P, López A, Luna E. Fruit Decay to Diseases: Can Induced Resistance and Priming Help? PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2018; 7:E77. [PMID: 30248893 PMCID: PMC6314081 DOI: 10.3390/plants7040077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2018] [Revised: 09/18/2018] [Accepted: 09/20/2018] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Humanity faces the challenge of having to increase food production to feed an exponentially growing world population, while crop diseases reduce yields to levels that we can no longer afford. Besides, a significant amount of waste is produced after fruit harvest. Fruit decay due to diseases at a post-harvest level can claim up to 50% of the total production worldwide. Currently, the most effective means of disease control is the use of pesticides. However, their use post-harvest is extremely limited due to toxicity. The last few decades have witnessed the development of safer methods of disease control post-harvest. They have all been included in programs with the aim of achieving integrated pest (and disease) management (IPM) to reduce pesticide use to a minimum. Unfortunately, these approaches have failed to provide robust solutions. Therefore, it is necessary to develop alternative strategies that would result in effective control. Exploiting the immune capacity of plants has been described as a plausible route to prevent diseases post-harvest. Post-harvest-induced resistance (IR) through the use of safer chemicals from biological origin, biocontrol, and physical means has also been reported. In this review, we summarize the successful activity of these different strategies and explore the mechanisms behind. We further explore the concept of priming, and how its long-lasting and broad-spectrum nature could contribute to fruit resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pierre Pétriacq
- UMR 1332 Biologie du Fruit et Pathologie, Université de Bordeaux et INRA de Bordeaux, F-33883 Villenave d'Ornon, France.
- Plateforme Métabolome Bordeaux-MetaboHUB, Centre de Génomique Fonctionnelle Bordeaux, IBVM, Centre INRA Bordeaux, F-33140 Villenave d'Ornon, France.
| | - Ana López
- Department of Plant Molecular Genetics, Spanish National Centre for Biotechnology, 28049 Madrid, Spain.
| | - Estrella Luna
- School of Biosciences, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham B15 2TT, UK.
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Wang J, Cao S, Wang L, Wang X, Jin P, Zheng Y. Effect of β-Aminobutyric Acid on Disease Resistance Against Rhizopus Rot in Harvested Peaches. Front Microbiol 2018; 9:1505. [PMID: 30042749 PMCID: PMC6048224 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2018.01505] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2018] [Accepted: 06/18/2018] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
The effect of β-aminobutyric acid (BABA) on Rhizopus rot produced by Rhizopus stolonifer in harvested peaches and the possible action modes were investigated. Treatment with 50 mmol L-1 of BABA resulted in significantly lower lesion diameter and disease incidence compared with the control. The activities of defense-related enzymes chitinase and β-1,3-glucanase were notably enhanced by this treatment. Meanwhile, BABA treatment also increased lignin accumulation and maintained higher energy status in peaches by enhancing activities of enzymes in the phenylpropanoid and energy metabolism pathways. Semiquantitative reverse transcription PCR results indicated that the transcription of four defense-related genes was substantially and rapidly enhanced only in that BABA-treated fruit upon inoculation with the pathogen. Thus, our results demonstrated that BABA was effective on controlling Rhizopus rot by inducing disease resistance, which includes the increase in gene transcription and activity of defense-related enzymes, the enhancement of cell wall strength, and the maintenance of high energy status in Prunus persica fruit. Moreover, the disease resistance induced by BABA was demonstrated through priming model rather than direct induction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Wang
- College of Food Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Shifeng Cao
- College of Biological and Environmental Sciences, Zhejiang Wanli University, Ningbo, China
| | - Lei Wang
- College of Agriculture, Liaocheng University, Liaocheng, China
| | - Xiaoli Wang
- School of Life Science and Food Engineering, Huaiyin Institute of Technology, Huai’an, China
| | - Peng Jin
- College of Food Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yonghua Zheng
- College of Food Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
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Vinayarani G, Prakash HS. Growth Promoting Rhizospheric and Endophytic Bacteria from Curcuma longa L. as Biocontrol Agents against Rhizome Rot and Leaf Blight Diseases. THE PLANT PATHOLOGY JOURNAL 2018; 34:218-235. [PMID: 29887778 PMCID: PMC5985648 DOI: 10.5423/ppj.oa.11.2017.0225] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2017] [Revised: 02/19/2018] [Accepted: 03/07/2018] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
Plant growth promoting rhizobacteria and endophytic bacteria were isolated from different varieties of turmeric (Curcuma longa L.) from South India. Totally 50 strains representing, 30 PGPR and 20 endophytic bacteria were identified based on biochemical assays and 16S rDNA sequence analysis. The isolates were screened for antagonistic activity against Pythium aphanidermatum (Edson) Fitzp., and Rhizoctonia solani Kuhn., causing rhizome rot and leaf blight diseases in turmeric, by dual culture and liquid culture assays. Results revealed that only five isolates of PGPR and four endophytic bacteria showed more than 70% suppression of test pathogens in both assays. The SEM studies of interaction zone showed significant ultrastructural changes of the hyphae like shriveling, breakage and desication of the pathogens by PGPR B. cereus (RBac-DOB-S24) and endophyte P. aeruginosa (BacDOB-E19). Selected isolates showed multiple Plant growth promoting traits. The rhizome bacterization followed by soil application of B. cereus (RBacDOB-S24) showed lowest Percent Disease Incidence (PDI) of rhizome rot and leaf blight, 16.4% and 15.5% respectively. Similarly, P. aeruginosa (BacDOB-E19) recorded PDI of rhizome rot (17.5%) and leaf blight (17.7%). The treatment of these promising isolates exhibited significant increase in plant height and fresh rhizome yield/plant in comparison with untreated control under greenhouse condition. Thereby, these isolates can be exploited as a potential biocontrol agent for suppressing rhizome rot and leaf blight diseases in turmeric.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - H. S. Prakash
- Corresponding author. Phone) 0821-2419877, FAX) 0821-2414450, E-mail) ,
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14
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Guardado-Valdivia L, Tovar-Pérez E, Chacón-López A, López-García U, Gutiérrez-Martínez P, Stoll A, Aguilera S. Identification and characterization of a new Bacillus atrophaeus strain B5 as biocontrol agent of postharvest anthracnose disease in soursop (Annona muricata) and avocado (Persea americana). Microbiol Res 2018; 210:26-32. [PMID: 29625655 DOI: 10.1016/j.micres.2018.01.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2017] [Revised: 01/16/2018] [Accepted: 01/20/2018] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Anthracnose is a fungal disease caused by Colletotrichum species that is detrimental to numerous fruit, including soursop and avocado. The use of fungicides to maintain the high quality of fruit creates a potential health risk. One alternative to this problem is the biological control, which has been applied successfully during postharvest. The Bacillus species are one of the most studied biological agents against postharvest pathogens because accomplish their biocontrol performance by producing a variety of metabolites. In this study, we evaluated the activity of metabolites contained in the cell free supernatant, obtained from Bacillus strain B5 culture, against micelial growth and spore germination of two virulent strains of C. gloeosporioides isolated from soursop and avocado. On the basis of 16S rDNA gene sequence analysis, this strain was identified as Bacillus atrophaeus. A preventive treatment using cell free supernatant, reduced severity and incidence of anthracnose disease on harvested soursop and avocado fruit. B. atrophaeus strain B5 harbors genes involved in the production of antibiotics such as surfactin, bacillomycin and iturin, which could be contributing to the efficiency of the preventive treatment during postharvest. The antagonistic role of metabolites contained in the cell free supernatant against anthracnose disease, provide a new approach by which to attack this problem and can help reduce the use of chemical pesticides, environmental pollution, leading to the safer fruit preservation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lizeth Guardado-Valdivia
- Laboratorio Integral de Investigación en Alimentos, Instituto Tecnológico de Tepic, Tepic, Nayarit 63175, Mexico
| | - Erik Tovar-Pérez
- Laboratorio Integral de Investigación en Alimentos, CONACYT-Instituto Tecnológico de Tepic, Av Tecnológico 2595, Tepic, Nayarit, 63175, Mexico
| | - Alejandra Chacón-López
- Laboratorio Integral de Investigación en Alimentos, Instituto Tecnológico de Tepic, Tepic, Nayarit 63175, Mexico
| | - Ulises López-García
- Laboratorio Integral de Investigación en Alimentos, Instituto Tecnológico de Tepic, Tepic, Nayarit 63175, Mexico
| | - Porfirio Gutiérrez-Martínez
- Laboratorio Integral de Investigación en Alimentos, Instituto Tecnológico de Tepic, Tepic, Nayarit 63175, Mexico
| | - Alexandra Stoll
- Laboratorio de Microbiología Aplicada, Centro de Estudios Avanzados en Zonas Áridas, La Serena, Chile
| | - Selene Aguilera
- Laboratorio Integral de Investigación en Alimentos, CONACYT-Instituto Tecnológico de Tepic, Av Tecnológico 2595, Tepic, Nayarit, 63175, Mexico.
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15
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Biocontrol activity of a cold-adapted yeast from Tibet against gray mold in cherry tomato and its action mechanism. Extremophiles 2017; 21:789-803. [DOI: 10.1007/s00792-017-0943-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2017] [Accepted: 04/29/2017] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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16
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Shafi J, Tian H, Ji M. Bacillus species as versatile weapons for plant pathogens: a review. BIOTECHNOL BIOTEC EQ 2017. [DOI: 10.1080/13102818.2017.1286950] [Citation(s) in RCA: 132] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Jamil Shafi
- Department of Pesticide Science, Plant Protection College, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, Liaoning, P. R. China
| | - Hui Tian
- Department of Pesticide Science, Plant Protection College, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, Liaoning, P. R. China
| | - Mingshan Ji
- Department of Pesticide Science, Plant Protection College, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, Liaoning, P. R. China
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Chandrasekaran M, Chun SC. Expression of PR-protein genes and induction of defense-related enzymes by Bacillus subtilis CBR05 in tomato (Solanum lycopersicum) plants challenged with Erwinia carotovora subsp. carotovora. Biosci Biotechnol Biochem 2016; 80:2277-2283. [DOI: 10.1080/09168451.2016.1206811] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Abstract
The present study was aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of a biocontrol agent Bacillus subtilis CBR05 for control of soft rot disease (Erwinia carotovora subsp. carotovora) in tomato, and the possible mechanisms of its resistance induction have been investigated under pot conditions. Results showed that plants inoculated with B. subtilis CBR05 had lower disease incidence (36%). A significant increase in superoxide dismutase, catalase, peroxidase, and polyphenol oxidase activities was observed in plants inoculated with B. subtilis between 48 and 72 hpi. Also, the transcript profiles of Glu and Phenyl ammonia lyase (PAL) showed a significant up-regulation following inoculation. The most significant up-regulation was observed in transcript profile of PAL that showed 0.49 Fold Expression, at 72 hpi as compared to its expression at 12 hpi. These results suggest that systemic induction of defense-related genes expression and antioxidant enzyme activity by B. subtilis could play a pivotal role in disease resistance against soft rot disease.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Se Chul Chun
- Department of Bioresource and Food Science, Konkuk University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
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