1
|
Nakashima M, Suga N, Ikeda Y, Yoshikawa S, Matsuda S. Inspiring Tactics with the Improvement of Mitophagy and Redox Balance for the Development of Innovative Treatment against Polycystic Kidney Disease. Biomolecules 2024; 14:207. [PMID: 38397444 PMCID: PMC10886467 DOI: 10.3390/biom14020207] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2023] [Revised: 01/31/2024] [Accepted: 02/08/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Polycystic kidney disease (PKD) is the most common genetic form of chronic kidney disease (CKD), and it involves the development of multiple kidney cysts. Not enough medical breakthroughs have been made against PKD, a condition which features regional hypoxia and activation of the hypoxia-inducible factor (HIF) pathway. The following pathology of CKD can severely instigate kidney damage and/or renal failure. Significant evidence verifies an imperative role for mitophagy in normal kidney physiology and the pathology of CKD and/or PKD. Mitophagy serves as important component of mitochondrial quality control by removing impaired/dysfunctional mitochondria from the cell to warrant redox homeostasis and sustain cell viability. Interestingly, treatment with the peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-α (PPAR-α) agonist could reduce the pathology of PDK and might improve the renal function of the disease via the modulation of mitophagy, as well as the condition of gut microbiome. Suitable modulation of mitophagy might be a favorable tactic for the prevention and/or treatment of kidney diseases such as PKD and CKD.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Satoru Matsuda
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Nara Women’s University, Kita-Uoya Nishimachi, Nara 630-8506, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Bhatia D, Choi ME. Autophagy and mitophagy: physiological implications in kidney inflammation and diseases. Am J Physiol Renal Physiol 2023; 325:F1-F21. [PMID: 37167272 PMCID: PMC10292977 DOI: 10.1152/ajprenal.00012.2023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2023] [Revised: 04/25/2023] [Accepted: 05/09/2023] [Indexed: 05/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Autophagy is a ubiquitous intracellular cytoprotective quality control program that maintains cellular homeostasis by recycling superfluous cytoplasmic components (lipid droplets, protein, or glycogen aggregates) and invading pathogens. Mitophagy is a selective form of autophagy that by recycling damaged mitochondrial material, which can extracellularly act as damage-associated molecular patterns, prevents their release. Autophagy and mitophagy are indispensable for the maintenance of kidney homeostasis and exert crucial functions during both physiological and disease conditions. Impaired autophagy and mitophagy can negatively impact the pathophysiological state and promote its progression. Autophagy helps in maintaining structural integrity of the kidney. Mitophagy-mediated mitochondrial quality control is explicitly critical for regulating cellular homeostasis in the kidney. Both autophagy and mitophagy attenuate inflammatory responses in the kidney. An accumulating body of evidence highlights that persistent kidney injury-induced oxidative stress can contribute to dysregulated autophagic and mitophagic responses and cell death. Autophagy and mitophagy also communicate with programmed cell death pathways (apoptosis and necroptosis) and play important roles in cell survival by preventing nutrient deprivation and regulating oxidative stress. Autophagy and mitophagy are activated in the kidney after acute injury. However, their aberrant hyperactivation can be deleterious and cause tissue damage. The findings on the functions of autophagy and mitophagy in various models of chronic kidney disease are heterogeneous and cell type- and context-specific dependent. In this review, we discuss the roles of autophagy and mitophagy in the kidney in regulating inflammatory responses and during various pathological manifestations.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Divya Bhatia
- Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, Joan and Sanford I. Weill Department of Medicine, NewYork-Presbyterian Hospital, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, New York, United States
| | - Mary E Choi
- Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, Joan and Sanford I. Weill Department of Medicine, NewYork-Presbyterian Hospital, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, New York, United States
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Liu T, Jin Q, Ren F, Yang L, Mao H, Ma F, Wang Y, Li P, Zhan Y. Potential therapeutic effects of natural compounds targeting autophagy to alleviate podocyte injury in glomerular diseases. Biomed Pharmacother 2022; 155:113670. [PMID: 36116248 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2022.113670] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2022] [Revised: 09/01/2022] [Accepted: 09/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Podocyte injury is a common cause of proteinuric kidney diseases. Uncontrollable progressive podocyte loss accelerates glomerulosclerosis and increases the risk of end-stage renal disease. To date, owing to the complex pathological mechanism, effective therapies for podocyte injury have been limited. Accumulating evidence supports the indispensable role of autophagy in the maintenance of podocyte homeostasis. A variety of natural compounds and their derivatives have been found to regulate autophagy through multiple targets, including promotes nuclear transfer of transcription factor EB and lysosomal repair. Here, we reviewed the recent studies on the use of natural compounds and their derivatives as autophagy regulators and discussed their potential applications in ameliorating podocyte injury. Several known natural compounds with autophagy-regulatory properties, such as quercetin, silibinin, kaempferol, and artemisinin, and their medical uses were also discussed. This review will help in improving the understanding of the podocyte protective mechanism of natural compounds and promote their development for clinical use.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tongtong Liu
- Guang'anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Qi Jin
- Guang'anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Feihong Ren
- Guang'anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Liping Yang
- Guang'anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Huimin Mao
- Guang'anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Fang Ma
- Guang'anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Yuyang Wang
- Guang'anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Ping Li
- China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Institute of Medical Science, Beijing, China.
| | - Yongli Zhan
- Guang'anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China.
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Pan S, Guo S, Dai J, Gu Y, Wang G, Wang Y, Qin Z, Luo L. Trehalose ameliorates autophagy dysregulation in aged cortex and acts as an exercise mimetic to delay brain aging in elderly mice. FOOD SCIENCE AND HUMAN WELLNESS 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fshw.2022.03.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
|
5
|
Aloe-Emodin Ameliorates Diabetic Nephropathy by Targeting Interferon Regulatory Factor 4. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2022; 2022:2421624. [PMID: 35518350 PMCID: PMC9064522 DOI: 10.1155/2022/2421624] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2021] [Revised: 03/16/2022] [Accepted: 04/07/2022] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Diabetic nephropathy (DN) is one of the leading causes of end-stage renal disease and lacks effective clinical treatment for its complicated pathogenesis. In this study, the gene expression profiles downloaded from the GEO database were used to identify the key regulatory gene through bioinformatics analyses, and the potential mechanism in regulating DN was revealed via the gene set enrichment analysis, pathway analysis, and in vitro phenotype detection. The effect of the screened drug on DN was analyzed through in vitro and in vivo model experiments. Interferon regulatory factor 4 (IRF4) in DN was identified to be upregulated compared with that in normal control tissues. Further results revealed that IRF4 promoted the DN progression through inflammation, immunity, and extracellular matrix remodeling. The screening results of the TCM library showed that aloe-emodin (Ae) should be a potentially active target drug, and the in vitro and in vivo experiment results demonstrated that Ae could ameliorate DN by targeting IRF4. In conclusion, this study revealed the mechanism of the DN progression and demonstrated that Ae could be a potential target drug in ameliorating DN, providing ideas for the clinical treatments for DN.
Collapse
|
6
|
Li L, Chen H, Chen X, Chen S, Gu H. Trehalose Protects Keratinocytes against Ultraviolet B Radiation by Activating Autophagy via Regulating TIMP3 and ATG9A. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2022; 2022:9366494. [PMID: 35450405 PMCID: PMC9018197 DOI: 10.1155/2022/9366494] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2021] [Revised: 03/10/2022] [Accepted: 03/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Trehalose, a natural disaccharide, is synthesized by many organisms when cells are exposed to stressful stimuli. On the basis of its ability to modulate autophagy, trehalose has been considered an innovative drug for ameliorating many diseases, but its molecular mechanism is not well described. Previous findings demonstrated that trehalose plays a photoprotective role against ultraviolet (UV) B-induced damage through autophagy induction in keratinocytes. In this study, coimmunoprecipitation, label-free quantitative proteomic and parallel reaction monitoring, and western blot analysis demonstrated that trehalose promotes the interaction between tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase (TIMP) 3 and Beclin1. Western blot and immunofluorescence staining analysis suggested that trehalose increases ATG9A localization in lysosomes and decreases its localization in the endoplasmic reticulum. Furthermore, in the presence or absence of UVB radiation, we evaluated the influence of TIMP3 and ATG9A small interfering RNA (siRNA) on the effect of trehalose on autophagy, cell death, migration, or interleukin-8 expression in keratinocytes, including HaCaT, A431, and human epidermal keratinocytes. The results revealed that in HaCaT cells, TIMP3 and ATG9A siRNA resulted in attenuation of trehalose-induced autophagy and inhibited cell death. In A431 cells, TIMP3 and ATG9A siRNA led to attenuation of trehalose-induced autophagy and cell death and inhibited migration. In human epidermal keratinocytes, trehalose-induced autophagy and inhibition of the interleukin-8 expression were blocked by ATG9A but not TIMP3 siRNA. In addition, the results of quantitative real-time PCR and immunohistochemistry analysis demonstrated the abnormal expression of TIMP3 and ATG9A in actinic keratosis and cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma skin tissues. These findings suggest the protective effects of trehalose in normal keratinocytes and its inhibitory effects on cancerous keratinocytes, possibly mediated by activation of autophagy and regulation of TIMP3 and ATG9A, providing the mechanistic basis for the potential use of trehalose in the prevention or treatment of UVB-induced skin diseases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Li Li
- Central Laboratory, Institute of Dermatology, Chinese Academy of Medical Science & Peking Union Medical College, Nanjing 210042, China
| | - Hongying Chen
- Department of Physical Therapy, Institute of Dermatology, Chinese Academy of Medical Science & Peking Union Medical College, Nanjing 210042, China
| | - Xu Chen
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology for Skin Diseases and STIs, Institute of Dermatology, Chinese Academy of Medical Science & Peking Union Medical College, Nanjing 210042, China
| | - Sihan Chen
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology for Skin Diseases and STIs, Institute of Dermatology, Chinese Academy of Medical Science & Peking Union Medical College, Nanjing 210042, China
| | - Heng Gu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology for Skin Diseases and STIs, Institute of Dermatology, Chinese Academy of Medical Science & Peking Union Medical College, Nanjing 210042, China
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Guo Y, Gao F, Wang X, Pan Z, Wang Q, Xu S, Pan S, Li L, Zhao D, Qian J. Spontaneous formation of neutrophil extracellular traps is associated with autophagy. Sci Rep 2021; 11:24005. [PMID: 34907287 PMCID: PMC8671464 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-03520-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2020] [Accepted: 11/02/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Neutrophils release neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs), via NETosis, as a defense mechanism against pathogens. Neutrophils can release NETs spontaneously; however, the mechanisms underlying spontaneous NETosis remain unclear. Neutrophils isolated from healthy donors were tested for NET formation and autophagy at 1, 6, 12, and 24 h after incubation. Autophagy response was evaluated in response to various autophagy inducers and inhibitors. The relationship between autophagy and NETosis was detected in vivo using an ovalbumin-induced mouse model of asthma. We found that the increase in the proportion of spontaneous NETosis was time-dependent. The number of autophagy-positive cells also increased over time and LC3B protein played an integral role in NET formation. Trehalose (an inducer of mTOR-independent autophagy) treatment significantly increased NET formation, whereas rapamycin (an mTOR-dependent autophagy inducer) did not increase NET release by neutrophils. Compared with the control group, 3-methyladenine (an autophagy sequestration inhibitor) and hydroxychloroquine sulfate (autophagosome-lysosome fusion inhibitor) treatments significantly reduced the percentage of NET-positive cells. In vivo studies on ovalbumin-induced asthma lung sections revealed NETs and LC3B and citH3 proteins were found to co-localize with DNA. Our findings suggest that autophagy plays a crucial role in aging-related spontaneous NETosis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yun Guo
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, The Affiliated Wuxi Children's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Wuxi, 214023, Jiangsu, China
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Children's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210000, Jiangsu, China
| | - Fei Gao
- Department of Intensive Care Unit, The Affiliated Wuxi People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Wuxi, China
| | - Xin Wang
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Children's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210000, Jiangsu, China
| | - Zhenzhen Pan
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, The Affiliated Wuxi Children's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Wuxi, 214023, Jiangsu, China
| | - Qian Wang
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, The Affiliated Wuxi Children's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Wuxi, 214023, Jiangsu, China
| | - Shiyao Xu
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, The Affiliated Wuxi Children's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Wuxi, 214023, Jiangsu, China
| | - Shanshan Pan
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, The Affiliated Wuxi Children's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Wuxi, 214023, Jiangsu, China
| | - Ling Li
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, The Affiliated Wuxi Children's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Wuxi, 214023, Jiangsu, China
| | - Deyu Zhao
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Children's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210000, Jiangsu, China.
| | - Jun Qian
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, The Affiliated Wuxi Children's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Wuxi, 214023, Jiangsu, China.
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Bahri F, Khaksari M, Movahedinia S, Shafiei B, Rajizadeh MA, Nazari-Robati M. Improving SIRT1 by trehalose supplementation reduces oxidative stress, inflammation, and histopathological scores in the kidney of aged rats. J Food Biochem 2021; 45:e13931. [PMID: 34494279 DOI: 10.1111/jfbc.13931] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2021] [Revised: 08/13/2021] [Accepted: 08/28/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
The aging process leads to progressive loss of kidney function. Sirtuin1 (SIRT1) exerts renoprotective effects by conferring resistance to cellular stresses. Trehalose potentially displayed various beneficial effects to promote health span. In this study, we investigated the effects of trehalose on renal SIRT1 and kidney function in senescent rats. Trehalose (2% w/v) was administrated in drinking water for 1 month to male aged rats (24 months). Then, the level of SIRT1 mRNA and protein, malondialdehyde, total antioxidant capacity, tumor necrosis factor α as well as parameters related to the function and histology of the kidneys were evaluated. Trehalose supplementation increased the level of SIRT1, whereas alleviated the level of oxidative stress, inflammation, and histopathology scores in senescent tissues. However, trehalose administration did not alter kidney function indices in old rats. Collectively, these findings suggested that trehalose was an effective intervention to ameliorate some aspects of age-associated injury in the old kidneys. PRACTICAL APPLICATIONS: Aging is associated with impairment in renal structure and function. Trehalose is a natural disaccharide, which is widely distributed in many organisms. The consumption of trehalose as a dietary supplement is increasing worldwide. This study showed that trehalose administration to aged rats had renoprotective effects through reducing oxidative stress and inflammation, which was mediated by SIRT1. Our results provide useful information for individuals using this sugar as a supplement.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Faegheh Bahri
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
| | - Mohammad Khaksari
- Endocrinology and Metabolism Research Center, Institute of Basic and Clinical Physiology Sciences, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
| | - Sajjadeh Movahedinia
- Pathology and Stem Cell Research Center, Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
| | - Bentolhoda Shafiei
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
| | - Mohammad Amin Rajizadeh
- Physiology Research Center, Institute of Basic and Clinical Physiology Sciences, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
| | - Mahdieh Nazari-Robati
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Hernandez E, Taisne C, Lussignol M, Esclatine A, Labetoulle M. Commercially Available Eye Drops Containing Trehalose Protect Against Dry Conditions via Autophagy Induction. J Ocul Pharmacol Ther 2021; 37:386-393. [PMID: 34227851 PMCID: PMC8558061 DOI: 10.1089/jop.2020.0119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Purpose: Evaluation of marketed eye drops with or without trehalose, a nonreducing natural osmoprotector disaccharide, in autophagy modulation and its role in cell survival during desiccation. Materials and Methods: Eye drops containing either sodium hyaluronate (SH) (Hyabak®, Thea, France) or a combination of SH with trehalose (Thealose Duo®, Thea, France) were compared with control conditions to evaluate the ability to modulate autophagy in human epithelial cells in vitro. Autophagy was monitored using LC3, a marker of the autophagic machinery, by fluorescence microscopy and immunoblot analysis. Control and autophagy-deficient cells treated with eye drops were exposed to desiccation to mimic dry eyes and cell survival was evaluated by thiazolyl blue tetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay. Trehalose, a known autophagy inducer was used as a positive control. Results: Artificial tears containing SH with and without trehalose induce a complete autophagic flux, as indicated by an increase in the number of autophagosomes and autolysosomes, and the accumulation of the lipidated form of LC3 associated with complete autophagy. In addition, there was a synergistic effect of SH for autophagy induction when combined with trehalose, compared with each of the components alone. Survival of cells treated with both eye drops and exposed to desiccation was decreased in autophagy-deficient cells, demonstrating the essential role of autophagy on eye drop protection. Conclusions: Autophagic flux is induced by SH-containing eye drops, and this phenomenon is enhanced in combination with trehalose. We also demonstrated that autophagy induction is involved in the osmoprotective effects of both trehalose and SH-containing eye drops, to maintain epithelial cell homeostasis in dry conditions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Eva Hernandez
- CEA, CNRS, Institute for Integrative Biology of the Cell (I2BC), Université Paris-Saclay, Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - Clémence Taisne
- CEA, CNRS, Institute for Integrative Biology of the Cell (I2BC), Université Paris-Saclay, Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - Marion Lussignol
- CEA, CNRS, Institute for Integrative Biology of the Cell (I2BC), Université Paris-Saclay, Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - Audrey Esclatine
- CEA, CNRS, Institute for Integrative Biology of the Cell (I2BC), Université Paris-Saclay, Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - Marc Labetoulle
- Service d'Ophtalmologie, Hôpital Bicêtre, APHP, Université Paris Sud, Le Kremlin-Bicêtre, France.,Center for Immunology of Viral infections and Autoimmune Diseases (IMVA), IDMIT Infrastructure (http://www.idmitcenter.fr), CEA, Université Paris Sud, Inserm U1184, Fontenay-aux-Roses Cedex, France
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Sinha P, Verma B, Ganesh S. Trehalose Ameliorates Seizure Susceptibility in Lafora Disease Mouse Models by Suppressing Neuroinflammation and Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress. Mol Neurobiol 2021; 58:1088-1101. [PMID: 33094475 DOI: 10.1007/s12035-020-02170-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2020] [Accepted: 10/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Lafora disease (LD) is one of the progressive and fatal forms of a neurodegenerative disorder and is characterized by teenage-onset myoclonic seizures. Neuropathological changes in LD include the formation of abnormal glycogen as Lafora bodies, gliosis, and neuroinflammation. LD is caused by defects in the gene coding for phosphatase (laforin) or ubiquitin ligase (malin). Mouse models of LD, developed by targeted disruption of these two genes, develop most symptoms of LD and show increased susceptibility to induced seizures. Studies on mouse models also suggest that defective autophagy might contribute to LD etiology. In an attempt to understand the specific role of autophagy in LD pathogenesis, in this study, we fed LD animals with trehalose, an inducer of autophagy, for 3 months and looked at its effect on the neuropathology and seizure susceptibility. We demonstrate here that trehalose ameliorates gliosis, neuroinflammation, and endoplasmic reticulum stress and reduces susceptibility to induced seizures in LD animals. However, trehalose did not affect the formation of Lafora bodies, suggesting the epileptic phenotype in LD could be either secondary to or independent of Lafora bodies. Taken together, our results suggest that autophagy inducers can be considered as potential therapeutic molecules for Lafora disease.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Priyanka Sinha
- Department of Biological Sciences & Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Kanpur, Kanpur, 208016, India
| | - Bhupender Verma
- Department of Biological Sciences & Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Kanpur, Kanpur, 208016, India
| | - Subramaniam Ganesh
- Department of Biological Sciences & Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Kanpur, Kanpur, 208016, India.
- The Mehta Family Centre for Engineering in Medicine, Indian Institute of Technology Kanpur, Kanpur, India.
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Zhang Y, DeBosch BJ. Microbial and metabolic impacts of trehalose and trehalose analogues. Gut Microbes 2020; 11:1475-1482. [PMID: 32329657 PMCID: PMC7524367 DOI: 10.1080/19490976.2020.1750273] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2020] [Revised: 03/21/2020] [Accepted: 03/25/2020] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Trehalose is a disaccharide and fasting-mimetic that has been both canonized and vilified for its putative cardiometabolic and microbial effects. Trehalose analogues are currently under development to extend the key metabolic therapeutic actions of trehalose without adversely affecting host microbial communities. In the current study, we contrast the extent to which trehalose and its degradation-resistant analogue, lactotrehalose (LT), modulate microbial communities and host transcriptomic profiles. We demonstrate that trehalose and LT each exert adaptive metabolic and microbial effects that both overlap and diverge. We postulate that these effects depend both upon compound stability and bioavailability, and on stereospecific signal transduction. In context, the data suggest that trehalose is unlikely to be harmful, and yet it harbors unique effects that are not yet fully replicated by its analogues. These compounds are thus valuable probes to better define trehalose structure-function, and to offer as therapeutic metabolic agents.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yiming Zhang
- Department of Pediatrics, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Brian J. DeBosch
- Department of Pediatrics, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
- Department of Cell Biology & Physiology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Kang Y, Law HKW, Zhang Y, Wu Y, Zhu GH, Saleem MA, Huang WY. TMT-based proteomic analysis reveals the effects of chloroquine on human podocytes. Am J Transl Res 2020; 12:4290-4301. [PMID: 32913505 PMCID: PMC7476106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2020] [Accepted: 07/04/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Chloroquine (CQ) is an antimalarial drug widely used in rheumatic, immunological and infectious diseases. CQ is also a well-known autophagy inhibitor. It slows the progression of renal injury in patients with rheumatology diseases. Long-term CQ treatment could also damage podocytes which are highly differentiated cells wrapping the glomerular capillary to maintain renal filtration. However, the related underlying mechanism remains unclear. The effects of CQ treatment on podocytes need to be elucidated. Our results showed that CQ diminished cell motility and disrupted actin cytoskeleton in human podocytes in vitro. Totally 210 up-regulated and 67 down-regulated differentially expressed proteins (DEPs) were identified after CQ treatment in podocytes by using tandem mass tag (TMT)-labeled quantitative proteomics analysis. Gene Ontology (GO) analysis revealed that proteins mainly functioned in cell motility, cell adhesion, localization of cells and response to external stimulus. Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) enrichment showed that DEPs were predominantly associated with lysosome, cell adhesion molecules (CAMs) and cytokine-cytokine receptor interaction. Protein-protein interaction (PPI) analysis revealed that syndecan-4 was the core protein in regulating podocyte adhesion among differentially expressed CAMs. Moreover, activated RhoA, Cdc42 and Rac1 decreased after CQ treatment. Taken together, our findings suggested that CQ could alter the stability of podocyte cytoskeleton. Proteomic analysis revealed important molecules for understanding the effects of CQ on human podocytes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yulin Kang
- Department of Nephrology and Rheumatology, Shanghai Children’s Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghai 200062, China
| | - Helen Ka-Wai Law
- Department of Health Technology and Informatics, Faculty of Health and Social Science, The Hong Kong Polytechnic UniversityHunghom, Hong Kong 999077, China
| | - Yanyang Zhang
- Department of Nephrology and Rheumatology, Shanghai Children’s Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghai 200062, China
| | - Ying Wu
- Department of Nephrology and Rheumatology, Shanghai Children’s Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghai 200062, China
| | - Guang-Hua Zhu
- Department of Nephrology and Rheumatology, Shanghai Children’s Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghai 200062, China
| | - Moin Ahson Saleem
- Children’s Renal Unit, University of BristolBristol, BS2 8BJ, United Kingdom
| | - Wen-Yan Huang
- Department of Nephrology and Rheumatology, Shanghai Children’s Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghai 200062, China
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Zeng Y, Zhang B, Liu X, He L, Wang T, Yu X, Kang Y, Li S. Astragaloside IV alleviates puromycin aminonucleoside-induced podocyte cytoskeleton injury through the Wnt/PCP pathway. Am J Transl Res 2020; 12:3512-3521. [PMID: 32774716 PMCID: PMC7407721] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2019] [Accepted: 06/03/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Podocyte injury is a common cause of massive proteinuria. Astragaloside IV (AS-IV) has been reported to protect podocytes in diabetic models. However, the effects and potential mechanism of AS-IV on puromycin aminonucleoside (PAN)-induced podocyte injury remains unclear. The aim of the present study was to investigate the protective effect of AS-IV on PAN-induced podocyte injury both in vivo and in vitro. In vivo, we induced a podocytic-injury model in rats via a single tail vein injection of PAN. The rats in the treatment group received AS-IV intragastrically (i.g.) at a dose of 40 mg/kg/day for 10 days. At the end of the experiment, 24 h urine, serum and kidney samples were collected for examination. In vitro, we injured podocytes with 30 μg/ml PAN and treated them with AS-IV at concentrations of 5, 25 and 50 μg/ml. Next, we analyzed podocyte protein expression and the Wnt/planar-cell polarity (PCP) pathway using western blot and immunofluorescence (IF). Our results showed that AS-IV decreased proteinuria in PAN-injured rats, and restored specific protein expression in podocytes. In PAN-induced injuries to human podocytes, AS-IV restored the expression and distribution of F-actin and synaptopodin, and repaired the morphology of the actin-based cytoskeleton. Notably, AS-IV could activate the Wnt/PCP pathway by promoting expression of Wnt5a, protein tyrosine kinase 7 (PTK7), Rho-associated coiled-coil-containing protein kinase 1 (ROCK1), Ras-related C3 botulinum toxin substrate 1 (Rac1) and phospho-SAPK/JNK (Thr183/Tyr185) (p-JNK) in vivo and in vitro. In conclusion, we demonstrated that AS-IV alleviated PAN-induced injury to the podocyte cytoskeleton, partially by activating the Wnt/PCP pathway.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Youjia Zeng
- Department of Nephrology, Shenzhen Traditional Chinese Medicine HospitalShenzhen 518033, Guangdong, China
| | - Bing Zhang
- The Fourth Clinical Medical College, Guangzhou University of Chinese MedicineShenzhen 518033, China
| | - Xinhui Liu
- Department of Nephrology, Shenzhen Traditional Chinese Medicine HospitalShenzhen 518033, Guangdong, China
| | - Liangping He
- Department of Nephrology, Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital of Jiulongpo District in ChongqingChongqing 400000, China
| | - Taifen Wang
- Department of Nephrology, Shenzhen Traditional Chinese Medicine HospitalShenzhen 518033, Guangdong, China
| | - Xuewen Yu
- Department of Nephrology, Shenzhen Traditional Chinese Medicine HospitalShenzhen 518033, Guangdong, China
| | - Yuqi Kang
- The Fourth Clinical Medical College, Guangzhou University of Chinese MedicineShenzhen 518033, China
| | - Shunmin Li
- Department of Nephrology, Shenzhen Traditional Chinese Medicine HospitalShenzhen 518033, Guangdong, China
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Kuo CEA, Wu SY, Lee CH, Lai YR, Lu CH, Chen PC, Cheng JH, Tsai LY, Yen KT, Tsao Y, Tsai SM. Toona sinensis modulates autophagy and cytokines in lipopolysaccharide-induced RAW 264.7 macrophages. Biomed Pharmacother 2020; 129:110386. [PMID: 32563986 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2020.110386] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2020] [Revised: 06/01/2020] [Accepted: 06/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Toona sinensis (TS) is a medicinal herb possessing anti-apoptotic, anti-oxidant, and anti-inflammatory properties and is used to treat diabetes, cancer, and inflammatory diseases. In traditional Chinese medicine theory, TS clears dampness and heat, strengthens the stomach function, and regulates vital energy flow. TS is also used as an astringent and a pesticide. In this study, we aimed to evaluate how TS influences autophagy and cytokines during the inflammatory process in RAW 264.7 macrophages. The treatment groups were pre-supplemented with TS leaf extract; rapamycin was used to enhance autophagy and lipopolysaccharide (LPS) was used to induce inflammation. The expression of autophagy-related proteins was analyzed by western blotting. The survival rate of, and chemokine expression and oxidative stress in the cells were also assessed. TS leaf extract inhibited mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) phosphorylation at site S2448 in the macrophages. At relatively higher concentrations (50 and 75 μg/mL), TS elevated the expression of light chain 3 II (LC3-II), which further modulated autophagy. Pre-supplementation with TS leaf extract elevated the total glutathione (GSH) level and GSH/oxidized GSH (GSSG) ratio, but it decreased the GSSG, total nitric oxide, nitrate, nitrite, malondialdehyde, and superoxide anion levels. TS reversed the effects of LPS-induced cytokines, including interleukin (IL)-6 and IL-10. TS did not induce significant toxicity at the studied concentrations. In conclusion, TS leaf extract may modulate autophagy during inflammation. Furthermore, it may prevent cell damage via anti-inflammation and anti-oxidation. Thus, this study supports the ethnomedical use of TS in the prevention of inflammation-related diseases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chun-En Aurea Kuo
- Department of Chinese Medicine, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung, 833401, Taiwan; Department of Nursing, Meiho University, Pingtung, 912009, Taiwan.
| | - Szu-Ying Wu
- Department of Chinese Medicine, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung, 833401, Taiwan; Department of Nursing, Meiho University, Pingtung, 912009, Taiwan; Department of Sports Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, 807378, Taiwan; Department of Chinese Medicine, Xiamen Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Xiamen, Fujian, 361028, China
| | - Chen-Hsiang Lee
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung, 833401, Taiwan
| | - Yun-Ru Lai
- Department of Biological Science, National Sun Yat-Sen University, Kaohsiung, 804351, Taiwan; Department of Neurology, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung, 833401, Taiwan
| | - Cheng-Hsien Lu
- Department of Biological Science, National Sun Yat-Sen University, Kaohsiung, 804351, Taiwan; Department of Neurology, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung, 833401, Taiwan; Department of Neurology, Xiamen Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Xiamen, Fujian, 361028, China
| | - Po-Cheng Chen
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung, 833401, Taiwan
| | - Jai-Hong Cheng
- Center for Shockwave Medicine and Tissue Engineering, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung, 833401, Taiwan; Medical Research, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung, 833401, Taiwan
| | - Li-Yu Tsai
- Department of Medical Laboratory Science and Biotechnology, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, 807378, Taiwan
| | - Ke-Tien Yen
- Department of Leisure and Sports Management, Cheng Shiu University, Kaohsiung, 833301, Taiwan
| | - Yu Tsao
- Department of Leisure and Sports Management, Cheng Shiu University, Kaohsiung, 833301, Taiwan; College of Management, National Kaohsiung University of Science and Technology, Kaohsiung, 807618, Taiwan
| | - Shih-Meng Tsai
- Department of Public Health and Environmental Medicine, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, 807378, Taiwan.
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Liu S, Yang Y, Gao H, Zhou N, Wang P, Zhang Y, Zhang A, Jia Z, Huang S. Trehalose attenuates renal ischemia-reperfusion injury by enhancing autophagy and inhibiting oxidative stress and inflammation. Am J Physiol Renal Physiol 2020; 318:F994-F1005. [PMID: 32068461 DOI: 10.1152/ajprenal.00568.2019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Renal ischemia-reperfusion (IR) injury is one of the most common acute kidney injuries, but there is still a lack of effective treatment in the clinical setting. Trehalose (Tre), a natural disaccharide, has been demonstrated to protect against oxidative stress, inflammation, and apoptosis. However, whether it could protect against IR-induced renal injury needs to be investigated. In an in vivo experiment, C57BL/6J mice were pretreated with or without Tre (2 g/kg) through a daily single intraperitoneal injection from 3 days before renal IR surgery. Renal function, apoptosis, oxidative stress, and inflammation were analyzed to evaluate kidney injury. In an in vitro experiment, mouse proximal tubular cells were treated with or without Tre under a hypoxia/reoxygenation condition. Western blot analysis, autophagy flux detection, and apoptosis assay were performed to evaluate the level of autophagy and antiapoptotic effect of Tre. The in vivo results showed that the renal damage induced by IR was ameliorated by Tre treatment, as renal histology and renal function were improved and the enhanced protein levels of kidney injury molecule-1 and neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin were blocked. Moreover, autophagy was activated by Tre pretreatment along with inhibition of the IR injury-induced apoptosis, oxidative stress, and inflammation. The in vitro results showed that Tre treatment activated autophagy and protected against hypoxia/reoxygenation-induced tubular cell apoptosis and oxidative stress. Our results demonstrated that Tre protects against IR-induced renal injury, possibly by enhancing autophagy and blocking oxidative stress, inflammation, and apoptosis, suggesting its potential use for the clinical treatment of renal IR injury.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Suwen Liu
- Department of Nephrology, Children's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China.,Nanjing Key Laboratory of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China.,Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Pediatrics, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yunwen Yang
- Department of Nephrology, Children's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China.,Nanjing Key Laboratory of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China.,Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Pediatrics, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Huiping Gao
- Department of Nephrology, Children's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China.,Nanjing Key Laboratory of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China.,Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Pediatrics, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Ning Zhou
- Department of Nephrology, Children's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China.,Nanjing Key Laboratory of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China.,Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Pediatrics, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Peipei Wang
- Department of Nephrology, Children's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China.,Nanjing Key Laboratory of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China.,Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Pediatrics, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yue Zhang
- Department of Nephrology, Children's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China.,Nanjing Key Laboratory of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China.,Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Pediatrics, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Aihua Zhang
- Department of Nephrology, Children's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China.,Nanjing Key Laboratory of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China.,Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Pediatrics, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Zhanjun Jia
- Department of Nephrology, Children's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China.,Nanjing Key Laboratory of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China.,Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Pediatrics, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Songming Huang
- Department of Nephrology, Children's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China.,Nanjing Key Laboratory of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China.,Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Pediatrics, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Bhatia D, Choi ME. Autophagy in kidney disease: Advances and therapeutic potential. PROGRESS IN MOLECULAR BIOLOGY AND TRANSLATIONAL SCIENCE 2020; 172:107-133. [PMID: 32620239 DOI: 10.1016/bs.pmbts.2020.01.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Autophagy is a highly conserved intracellular catabolic process for the degradation of cytoplasmic components that has recently gained increasing attention for its importance in kidney diseases. It is indispensable for the maintenance of kidney homeostasis both in physiological and pathological conditions. Investigations utilizing various kidney cell-specific conditional autophagy-related gene knockouts have facilitated the advancement in understanding of the role of autophagy in the kidney. Recent findings are raising the possibility that defective autophagy exerts a critical role in different pathological conditions of the kidney. An emerging body of evidence reveals that autophagy exhibits cytoprotective functions in both glomerular and tubular compartments of the kidney, suggesting the upregulation of autophagy as an attractive therapeutic strategy. However, there is also accumulating evidence that autophagy could be deleterious, which presents a formidable challenge in developing therapeutic strategies targeting autophagy. Here, we review the recent advances in research on the role of autophagy during different pathological conditions, including acute kidney injury (AKI), focusing on sepsis, ischemia-reperfusion injury, cisplatin, and heavy metal-induced AKI. We also discuss the role of autophagy in chronic kidney disease (CKD) focusing on the pathogenesis of tubulointerstitial fibrosis, podocytopathies including focal segmental glomerulosclerosis, diabetic nephropathy, IgA nephropathy, membranous nephropathy, HIV-associated nephropathy, and polycystic kidney disease.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Divya Bhatia
- Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, Joan and Sanford I. Weill Department of Medicine, NewYork-Presbyterian Hospital, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, United States
| | - Mary E Choi
- Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, Joan and Sanford I. Weill Department of Medicine, NewYork-Presbyterian Hospital, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, United States.
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Kaushal GP, Chandrashekar K, Juncos LA, Shah SV. Autophagy Function and Regulation in Kidney Disease. Biomolecules 2020; 10:E100. [PMID: 31936109 PMCID: PMC7022273 DOI: 10.3390/biom10010100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2019] [Revised: 12/16/2019] [Accepted: 12/19/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Autophagy is a dynamic process by which intracellular damaged macromolecules and organelles are degraded and recycled for the synthesis of new cellular components. Basal autophagy in the kidney acts as a quality control system and is vital for cellular metabolic and organelle homeostasis. Under pathological conditions, autophagy facilitates cellular adaptation; however, activation of autophagy in response to renal injury may be insufficient to provide protection, especially under dysregulated conditions. Kidney-specific deletion of Atg genes in mice has consistently demonstrated worsened acute kidney injury (AKI) outcomes supporting the notion of a pro-survival role of autophagy. Recent studies have also begun to unfold the role of autophagy in progressive renal disease and subsequent fibrosis. Autophagy also influences tubular cell death in renal injury. In this review, we reported the current understanding of autophagy regulation and its role in the pathogenesis of renal injury. In particular, the classic mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR)-dependent signaling pathway and other mTOR-independent alternative signaling pathways of autophagy regulation were described. Finally, we summarized the impact of autophagy activation on different forms of cell death, including apoptosis and regulated necrosis, associated with the pathophysiology of renal injury. Understanding the regulatory mechanisms of autophagy would identify important targets for therapeutic approaches.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Gur P. Kaushal
- Renal Section, Central Arkansas Veterans Healthcare System Little Rock, Arkansas and Division of Nephrology, 4300 W 7th St, Little Rock, AR 72205, USA; (L.A.J.); (S.V.S.)
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, 4301 W. Markham, Little Rock, AR 72205, USA;
| | - Kiran Chandrashekar
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, 4301 W. Markham, Little Rock, AR 72205, USA;
| | - Luis A. Juncos
- Renal Section, Central Arkansas Veterans Healthcare System Little Rock, Arkansas and Division of Nephrology, 4300 W 7th St, Little Rock, AR 72205, USA; (L.A.J.); (S.V.S.)
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, 4301 W. Markham, Little Rock, AR 72205, USA;
| | - Sudhir V. Shah
- Renal Section, Central Arkansas Veterans Healthcare System Little Rock, Arkansas and Division of Nephrology, 4300 W 7th St, Little Rock, AR 72205, USA; (L.A.J.); (S.V.S.)
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, 4301 W. Markham, Little Rock, AR 72205, USA;
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Jing MJ, Liu K, Liu C, Yan DY, Ma Z, Wang C, Deng Y, Liu W, Xu B. Protective effects of trehalose against Mn-induced α-synuclein oligomerization in mice: Involvement of oxidative stress and autophagy. ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY 2020; 35:55-65. [PMID: 31497924 DOI: 10.1002/tox.22842] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2019] [Revised: 08/21/2019] [Accepted: 08/21/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Overexposure to manganese (Mn) is widely known to induce alpha-synuclein (α-Syn) oligomerization, which has been attributed to the oxidative damage of α-Syn protein. Trehalose has been shown to induce autophagy and serve as a chemical chaperone, but little information has been reported about its effect on Mn-induced α-Syn oligomerization. In this study, we investigate whether trehalose can effectively interfere with Mn-induced α-Syn oligomerization, using different concentrations of trehalose (2% and 4% (g/vol [mL])) in a mouse model of manganism. After 6 weeks of exposure to Mn, both oxidative stress and autophagy were activated and resulted in α-Syn oligomerization and neuronal cell damage in the mouse brain tissue. Our results also revealed that pretreatment with trehalose significantly reduced the oxidative damage to α-Syn protein and increased autophagy activation. These findings clearly demonstrated that trehalose can relieve Mn-induced α-Syn oligomerization and neuronal cell damage through its anti-oxidative and autophagy-inducing effects.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Bin Xu
- Department of Environmental Health, School of Public Health, China Medical University, Shenyang, People's Republic of China
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Zheng D, Tao M, Liang X, Li Y, Jin J, He Q. p66Shc regulates podocyte autophagy in high glucose environment through the Notch-PTEN-PI3K/Akt/mTOR pathway. Histol Histopathol 2019; 35:405-415. [PMID: 31650524 DOI: 10.14670/hh-18-178] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS Autophagy has been found to be involved in podocyte injury, which is a key factor in the progression of diabetic kidney disease (DKD). p66Shc is an important protein adaptor that regulates production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and induction of apoptosis, and is a novel biomarker for oxidative damage of renal tubules. Our preliminary studies showed that p66Shc expression in podocytes of DKD patients is increased, while autophagic flux and podocyte number is decreased in DKD patients. The mechanism by which p66Shc may regulate podocyte autophagy and injury remains unknown. The present study aimed to investigate the molecular function of p66Shc under high glucose condition and its possible therapeutic utility in DKD. METHODS We histologically evaluated kidney injury in a streptozocin (STZ)-induced mouse model of diabetes using HE, PAS, PASM, and Masson staining and assessed glomerular structure by transmission electron microscopy. The apoptosis rate of high glucose-treated podocytes was assessed by TUNEL and Annexin V/PI staining. Markers of podocyte autophagy were measured by immunofluorescence and western blotting. DHE/ET fluorescence quantification was used for ROS detection and quantification. RESULTS Urine creatinine, serum creatinine, urinary microalbumin, and p66Shc expression were significantly increased in STZ-induced diabetic mice. Cultured MPC5 podocytes subjected to high glucose showed reduced viability, and p66Shc overexpression further accelerated apoptosis. p66Shc knockdown enhanced HG-induced autophagy, while p66Shc overexpression reduced the expression of PTEN and increased the expression of mTOR and phospho-mTOR. LC3 protein expression was higher in cells with p66Shc knockdown, indicating that activation of p66Shc inhibits podocyte autophagy. DAPT, an inhibitor of the Notch pathway, downregulated the expression of p66Shc. CONCLUSION These findings indicate that p66Shc inhibits podocyte autophagy and induces apoptosis through the Notch -PTEN-PI3K/Akt/ mTOR signaling pathway in high glucose environment, providing novel evidence for its potential role in DKD treatment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Danna Zheng
- Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Zhejiang, PR China.,Department of Nephrology, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital, Zhejiang, PR China.,People's Hospital of Hangzhou Medical College, Zhejiang, PR China.,Chinese Medical Nephrology Key Laboratory of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang, PR China
| | - Mei Tao
- Department of Nephrology, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital, Zhejiang, PR China.,People's Hospital of Hangzhou Medical College, Zhejiang, PR China.,Chinese Medical Nephrology Key Laboratory of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang, PR China
| | - Xudong Liang
- Department of Nephrology, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital, Zhejiang, PR China.,People's Hospital of Hangzhou Medical College, Zhejiang, PR China.,Chinese Medical Nephrology Key Laboratory of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang, PR China
| | - Yiwen Li
- Department of Nephrology, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital, Zhejiang, PR China.,People's Hospital of Hangzhou Medical College, Zhejiang, PR China.,Chinese Medical Nephrology Key Laboratory of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang, PR China
| | - Juan Jin
- Department of Nephrology, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital, Zhejiang, PR China.,People's Hospital of Hangzhou Medical College, Zhejiang, PR China.,Chinese Medical Nephrology Key Laboratory of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang, PR China
| | - Qiang He
- Department of Nephrology, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital, Zhejiang, PR China.,People's Hospital of Hangzhou Medical College, Zhejiang, PR China.,Chinese Medical Nephrology Key Laboratory of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang, PR China
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Lin TJ, Wu CY, Tsai PY, Hsu WH, Hua KF, Chu CL, Lee YC, Chen A, Lee SL, Lin YJ, Hsieh CY, Yang SR, Liu FC, Ka SM. Accelerated and Severe Lupus Nephritis Benefits From M1, an Active Metabolite of Ginsenoside, by Regulating NLRP3 Inflammasome and T Cell Functions in Mice. Front Immunol 2019; 10:1951. [PMID: 31475012 PMCID: PMC6702666 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2019.01951] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2019] [Accepted: 08/01/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Chinese herbal medicines used in combination have long-term been shown to be mild remedies with “integrated effects.” However, our study provides the first demonstration that M1, an active metabolite of ginsenoside, exerted its dramatic therapeutic effects on accelerated and severe lupus nephritis (ASLN) mice, featuring acute renal function impairment, heavy proteinuria, high serum levels of anti-dsDNA, and high-grade, diffuse proliferative renal lesions. In the present study, NZB/WF1 mice were given injections of lipopolysaccharide to induce the ASLN model. M1 (30 mg/kg) was then administered to the mice by gavage daily, and the mice were sacrificed on week 3 and week 5 after the induction of disease. To identify the potential mechanism of action for the pure compound, levels of NLRP3 inflammasome activation in bone marrow-derived dendritic cells (BMDCs), podocytes and macrophages, and antigen-specific T cell activation in BMDCs were determined in addition to mechanistic experiments in vivo. Treatment with M1 dramatically improved renal function, albuminuria and renal lesions and reduced serum levels of anti-dsDNA in the ASLN mice. These beneficial effects with M1 treatment involved the following cellular and molecular mechanistic events: [1] inhibition of NLRP3 inflammasome associated with autophagy induction, [2] modulation of T help cell activation, and [3] induction of regulatory T cell differentiation. M1 improved the ASLN mice by blunting NLRP3 inflammasome activation and differentially regulating T cell functions, and the results support M1 as a new therapeutic candidate for LN patients with a status of abrupt transformation of lower-grade (mesangial) to higher-grade (diffuse proliferative) nephritis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tsai-Jung Lin
- Department of Pathology, National Defense Medical Center, Tri-Service General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chung-Yao Wu
- Graduate Institute of Life Sciences, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Pei-Yi Tsai
- Department of Pathology, National Defense Medical Center, Tri-Service General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Wan-Han Hsu
- Graduate Institute of Life Sciences, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Kuo-Feng Hua
- Department of Biotechnology and Animal Science, National Ilan University, Ilan, Taiwan
| | - Ching-Liang Chu
- Graduate Institute of Immunology, National Taiwan University College of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Chieh Lee
- Department of Biotechnology and Animal Science, National Ilan University, Ilan, Taiwan
| | - Ann Chen
- Department of Pathology, National Defense Medical Center, Tri-Service General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Sheau-Long Lee
- Department of Chemistry, R.O.C. Military Academy, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Jin Lin
- Department of Pathology, National Defense Medical Center, Tri-Service General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chih-Yu Hsieh
- Department of Internal Medicine, En Chu Kong Hospital, New Taipei City, Taiwan.,Renal Care Joint Foundation, New Taipei City, Taiwan
| | - Shin-Ruen Yang
- Graduate Institute of Life Sciences, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Feng-Cheng Liu
- Division of Rheumatology/Immunology and Allergy, Department of Internal Medicine, National Defense Medical Center, Tri-Service General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Shuk-Man Ka
- Graduate Institute of Aerospace and Undersea Medicine, Department of Medicine, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Manai F, Azzalin A, Morandi M, Riccardi V, Zanoletti L, Dei Giudici M, Gabriele F, Martinelli C, Bozzola M, Comincini S. Trehalose Modulates Autophagy Process to Counteract Gliadin Cytotoxicity in an In Vitro Celiac Disease Model. Cells 2019; 8:cells8040348. [PMID: 31013754 PMCID: PMC6523171 DOI: 10.3390/cells8040348] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2019] [Revised: 04/05/2019] [Accepted: 04/09/2019] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Celiac disease (CD) is a chronic systemic autoimmune disorder that is triggered by the ingestion of gliadin peptides, the alcohol-soluble fraction of wheat gluten. These peptides, which play a key role in the immune response that underlies CD, spontaneously form aggregates and exert a direct toxic action on cells due to the increase in the reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels. Furthermore, peptic-tryptic digested gliadin peptides (PT-gliadin) lead to an impairment in the autophagy pathway in an in vitro model based on Caco-2 cells. Considering these premises, in this study we have analyzed different mTOR-independent inducers, reporting that the disaccharide trehalose, a mTOR-independent autophagy activator, rescued the autophagy flux in Caco-2 cells treated with digested gliadin, as well as improved cell viability. Moreover, trehalose administration to Caco-2 cells in presence of digested gliadin reduced the intracellular levels of these toxic peptides. Altogether, these results showed the beneficial effects of trehalose in a CD in vitro model as well as underlining autophagy as a molecular pathway whose modulation might be promising in counteracting PT-gliadin cytotoxicity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Federico Manai
- Department of Biology and Biotechnology, University of Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy.
| | - Alberto Azzalin
- Department of Biology and Biotechnology, University of Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy.
| | - Martina Morandi
- Department of Biology and Biotechnology, University of Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy.
| | - Veronica Riccardi
- Department of Biology and Biotechnology, University of Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy.
| | - Lisa Zanoletti
- Department of Biology and Biotechnology, University of Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy.
| | - Marco Dei Giudici
- Department of Biology and Biotechnology, University of Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy.
| | - Fabio Gabriele
- Department of Biology and Biotechnology, University of Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy.
| | - Carolina Martinelli
- Department of Biology and Biotechnology, University of Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy.
| | - Mauro Bozzola
- Pediatrics and Adolescentology Units, Department of Internal Medicine and Therapeutics, University of Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy.
| | - Sergio Comincini
- Department of Biology and Biotechnology, University of Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy.
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Abstract
The autophagic machinery is a well-conserved degradation system in eukaryotes from yeast to mammals. Autophagy has been thought of as a nonselective degradation process in which cytoplasmic proteins and organelles are degraded by fusion with lysosome. Recent studies have revealed selective forms of autophagy, such as mitochondria-specific autophagy, termed "mitophagy". Research over the past decade has revealed that autophagy in cardiomyocytes plays a protective role, not only during hemodynamic stress but in homeostasis during aging. Hemodynamic stress and aging induce mitochondrial damage, leading to increased oxidative stress and decreased ATP production. Damaged mitochondria are generally degraded through mitophagy, which might be the main protective function of autophagy in the heart. Complete digestion of mitochondrial DNA through mitophagy is important to avoid inflammatory responses that can induce heart failure. A polyamine, spermidine, is reported to bring about an extension of lifespan and to protect the heart from age-related cardiac dysfunction, both of which are mediated through induction of autophagy. Therefore, appropriate induction of autophagy could be a novel therapeutic target for cardiovascular diseases, including heart failure. However, precise evaluation of autophagic activity in the human heart is difficult at this time, but exploitation of the novel technique of autophagy evaluation is expected for both drug discovery and clinical application.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Osamu Yamaguchi
- Department of Cardiology, Pulmonology, Hypertension & Nephrology, Ehime University Graduate School of Medicine
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Chou LF, Cheng YL, Hsieh CY, Lin CY, Yang HY, Chen YC, Hung CC, Tian YC, Yang CW, Chang MY. Effect of Trehalose Supplementation on Autophagy and Cystogenesis in a Mouse Model of Polycystic Kidney Disease. Nutrients 2018; 11:nu11010042. [PMID: 30585217 PMCID: PMC6356442 DOI: 10.3390/nu11010042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2018] [Revised: 12/15/2018] [Accepted: 12/20/2018] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Autophagy impairment has been demonstrated in the pathogenesis of autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease (ADPKD) and could be a new target of treatment. Trehalose is a natural, nonreducing disaccharide that has been shown to enhance autophagy. Therefore, we investigated whether trehalose treatment reduces renal cyst formation in a Pkd1-hypomorphic mouse model. Pkd1 miRNA transgenic (Pkd1 miR Tg) mice and wild-type littermates were given drinking water supplemented with 2% trehalose from postnatal day 35 to postnatal day 91. The control groups received pure water or 2% sucrose for the control of hyperosmolarity. The effect on kidney weights, cystic indices, renal function, cell proliferation, and autophagic activities was determined. We found that Pkd1 miR Tg mice had a significantly lower renal mRNA expression of autophagy-related genes, including atg5, atg12, ulk1, beclin1, and p62, compared with wild-type control mice. Furthermore, immunohistochemical analysis showed that cystic lining cells had strong positive staining for the p62 protein, indicating impaired degradation of the protein by the autophagy-lysosome pathway. However, trehalose treatment did not improve reduced autophagy activities, nor did it reduce relative kidney weights, plasma blood urea nitrogen levels, or cystatin C levels in Pkd1 miR Tg mice. Histomorphological analysis revealed no significant differences in the renal cyst index, fibrosis score, or proliferative score among trehalose-, sucrose-, and water-treated groups. Our results demonstrate that adding trehalose to drinking water does not modulate autophagy activities and renal cystogenesis in Pkd1-deficient mice, suggesting that an oral supplement of trehalose may not affect the progression of ADPKD.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Li-Fang Chou
- Kidney Research Center, Department of Nephrology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Taoyuan, Taiwan.
| | - Ya-Lien Cheng
- Kidney Research Center, Department of Nephrology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Taoyuan, Taiwan.
| | - Chun-Yih Hsieh
- Kidney Research Center, Department of Nephrology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Taoyuan, Taiwan.
| | - Chan-Yu Lin
- Kidney Research Center, Department of Nephrology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Taoyuan, Taiwan.
| | - Huang-Yu Yang
- Kidney Research Center, Department of Nephrology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Taoyuan, Taiwan.
| | - Yung-Chang Chen
- Kidney Research Center, Department of Nephrology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Taoyuan, Taiwan.
| | - Cheng-Chieh Hung
- Kidney Research Center, Department of Nephrology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Taoyuan, Taiwan.
| | - Ya-Chung Tian
- Kidney Research Center, Department of Nephrology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Taoyuan, Taiwan.
| | - Chih-Wei Yang
- Kidney Research Center, Department of Nephrology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Taoyuan, Taiwan.
| | - Ming-Yang Chang
- Kidney Research Center, Department of Nephrology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Taoyuan, Taiwan.
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Peña-Zalbidea S, Huang AYT, Kavunja HW, Salinas B, Desco M, Drake C, Woodruff PJ, Vaquero JJ, Swarts BM. Chemoenzymatic radiosynthesis of 2-deoxy-2-[ 18F]fluoro-d-trehalose ([ 18F]-2-FDTre): A PET radioprobe for in vivo tracing of trehalose metabolism. Carbohydr Res 2018; 472:16-22. [PMID: 30428395 DOI: 10.1016/j.carres.2018.11.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2018] [Revised: 10/24/2018] [Accepted: 11/03/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Trehalose analogues bearing fluorescent and click chemistry tags have been developed as probes of bacterial trehalose metabolism, but these tools have limitations with respect to in vivo imaging applications. Here, we report the radiosynthesis of the 18F-modified trehalose analogue 2-deoxy-2-[18F]fluoro-d-trehalose ([18F]-2-FDTre), which in principle can be used in conjunction with positron emission tomography (PET) imaging to allow in vivo imaging of trehalose metabolism in various contexts. A chemoenzymatic method employing the thermophilic TreT enzyme from Thermoproteus tenax was used to rapidly (15-20 min), efficiently (70% radiochemical yield; ≥ 95% radiochemical purity), and reproducibly convert the commercially available radiotracer 2-deoxy-2-[18F]fluoro-d-glucose ([18F]-2-FDG) into the target radioprobe [18F]-2-FDTre in a single step; both manual and automated syntheses were performed with similar results. Cellular uptake experiments showed that radiosynthetic [18F]-2-FDTre was metabolized by Mycobacterium smegmatis but not by various mammalian cell lines, pointing to the potential future use of this radioprobe for selective PET imaging of infections caused by trehalose-metabolizing bacterial pathogens such as M. tuberculosis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Santiago Peña-Zalbidea
- Dept. Bioingeniería e Ingeniería Aeroespacial, Universidad Carlos III de Madrid, Madrid, Spain; Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Gregorio Marañón, Madrid, Spain
| | - Ashley Y-T Huang
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Central Michigan University, Mount Pleasant, MI, United States
| | - Herbert W Kavunja
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Central Michigan University, Mount Pleasant, MI, United States
| | - Beatriz Salinas
- Dept. Bioingeniería e Ingeniería Aeroespacial, Universidad Carlos III de Madrid, Madrid, Spain; Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Gregorio Marañón, Madrid, Spain; Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares Carlos III (CNIC), Madrid, Spain
| | - Manuel Desco
- Dept. Bioingeniería e Ingeniería Aeroespacial, Universidad Carlos III de Madrid, Madrid, Spain; Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Gregorio Marañón, Madrid, Spain; Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares Carlos III (CNIC), Madrid, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Salud Mental (CIBERSAM), Spain
| | | | - Peter J Woodruff
- Department of Chemistry, University of Southern Maine, Portland, ME, United States
| | - Juan J Vaquero
- Dept. Bioingeniería e Ingeniería Aeroespacial, Universidad Carlos III de Madrid, Madrid, Spain; Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Gregorio Marañón, Madrid, Spain.
| | - Benjamin M Swarts
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Central Michigan University, Mount Pleasant, MI, United States.
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Xue X, Lv Y, Leng Y, Zhang Y. Protective effects of extracellular polymeric substances from Aphanizomenon flos-aquae on neurotoxicity induced by local anesthetics. Exp Ther Med 2018; 16:3011-3019. [PMID: 30214519 PMCID: PMC6125984 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2018.6540] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/01/2018] [Accepted: 06/22/2018] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
The neurotoxicity of local anesthetics has received an increasing amount of attention and more effective therapeutic agents are required. Extracellular polymeric substances from Aphanizomenon flos-aquae (EPS-A) are high molecular weight polysaccharides. The present study aimed to elucidate the protective effects of EPS-A on neurotoxicity induced by local anesthetics in an intraperitoneal injection bupivacaine rat model. The results of immunohistochemical staining inicated that following intraperitoneal injection of EPS-A the levels of apoptosis and caspase-3 decreased, and the expression levels of microtubule-associated protein 1A light chain 3 (LC3) and beclin1 increased. In order to further clarify the mechanism of the EPS-A-mediated protection, the expression of key proteins associated with autophagy was investigated by western blotting. The results suggested that the ratio of LC3-II/LC3-I and the expression level of beclin1 increased. Taken together, the results indicated that EPS-A induced neuroprotective effects on bupivacaine-induced neurotoxicity. The underlying mechanism may be associated with the inhibition of apoptosis, upregulation of autophagy and improvement of cell survival. The results suggested that EPS-A may be a candidate neuroprotective agent against neurotoxicity caused by local anesthetics.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xing Xue
- Department of Anesthesiology, The First Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu 730000, P.R. China
| | - Ying Lv
- Department of Resource and Environmental Engineering, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, Gansu 730070, P.R. China
| | - Yufang Leng
- Department of Anesthesiology, The First Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu 730000, P.R. China
| | - Yan Zhang
- Department of Anesthesiology, The First Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu 730000, P.R. China
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
Sciarretta S, Yee D, Nagarajan N, Bianchi F, Saito T, Valenti V, Tong M, Del Re DP, Vecchione C, Schirone L, Forte M, Rubattu S, Shirakabe A, Boppana VS, Volpe M, Frati G, Zhai P, Sadoshima J. Trehalose-Induced Activation of Autophagy Improves Cardiac Remodeling After Myocardial Infarction. J Am Coll Cardiol 2018; 71:1999-2010. [PMID: 29724354 PMCID: PMC6347412 DOI: 10.1016/j.jacc.2018.02.066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 185] [Impact Index Per Article: 30.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2017] [Revised: 02/15/2018] [Accepted: 02/19/2018] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Trehalose (TRE) is a natural, nonreducing disaccharide synthesized by lower organisms. TRE exhibits an extraordinary ability to protect cells against different kinds of stresses through activation of autophagy. However, the effect of TRE on the heart during stress has never been tested. OBJECTIVES This study evaluated the effects of TRE administration in a mouse model of chronic ischemic remodeling. METHODS Wild-type (WT) or beclin1+/- mice were subjected to permanent ligation of the left anterior descending artery (LAD) and then treated with either placebo or trehalose (1 mg/g/day intraperitoneally for 48 h, then 2% in the drinking water). After 4 weeks, echocardiographic, hemodynamic, gravimetric, histological, and biochemical analyses were conducted. RESULTS TRE reduced left ventricular (LV) dilation and increased ventricular function in mice with LAD ligation compared with placebo. Sucrose, another nonreducing disaccharide, did not exert protective effects during post-infarction LV remodeling. Trehalose administration to mice overexpressing GFP-tagged LC3 significantly increased the number of GFP-LC3 dots, both in the presence and absence of chloroquine administration. TRE also increased cardiac LC3-II levels after 4 weeks following myocardial infarction (MI), indicating that it induced autophagy in the heart in vivo. To evaluate whether TRE exerted beneficial effects through activation of autophagy, trehalose was administered to beclin 1+/- mice. The improvement of LV function, lung congestion, cardiac remodeling, apoptosis, and fibrosis following TRE treatment observed in WT mice were all significantly blunted in beclin 1+/- mice. CONCLUSIONS TRE reduced MI-induced cardiac remodeling and dysfunction through activation of autophagy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sebastiano Sciarretta
- Department of Medico-Surgical Sciences and Biotechnologies, Sapienza University of Rome, Latina, Italy; Department of AngioCardioNeurology, IRCCS Neuromed, Pozzilli, Italy
| | - Derek Yee
- Department of Cell Biology and Molecular Medicine, Rutgers New Jersey Medical School, Newark, New Jersey
| | - Narayani Nagarajan
- Department of Cell Biology and Molecular Medicine, Rutgers New Jersey Medical School, Newark, New Jersey
| | - Franca Bianchi
- Department of AngioCardioNeurology, IRCCS Neuromed, Pozzilli, Italy
| | - Toshiro Saito
- Department of Cell Biology and Molecular Medicine, Rutgers New Jersey Medical School, Newark, New Jersey
| | - Valentina Valenti
- Department of Imaging, Bambino Gesù Children Hospital, IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Mingming Tong
- Department of Cell Biology and Molecular Medicine, Rutgers New Jersey Medical School, Newark, New Jersey
| | - Dominic P Del Re
- Department of Cell Biology and Molecular Medicine, Rutgers New Jersey Medical School, Newark, New Jersey
| | - Carmine Vecchione
- Department of AngioCardioNeurology, IRCCS Neuromed, Pozzilli, Italy; University of Salerno, Medicine and Surgery, Baronissi, Italy
| | - Leonardo Schirone
- Department of Medico-Surgical Sciences and Biotechnologies, Sapienza University of Rome, Latina, Italy
| | - Maurizio Forte
- Department of AngioCardioNeurology, IRCCS Neuromed, Pozzilli, Italy
| | - Speranza Rubattu
- Department of AngioCardioNeurology, IRCCS Neuromed, Pozzilli, Italy; Department of Clinical and Molecular Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Akihiro Shirakabe
- Department of Cell Biology and Molecular Medicine, Rutgers New Jersey Medical School, Newark, New Jersey
| | - V Subbarao Boppana
- Department of Cell Biology and Molecular Medicine, Rutgers New Jersey Medical School, Newark, New Jersey
| | - Massimo Volpe
- Department of AngioCardioNeurology, IRCCS Neuromed, Pozzilli, Italy; Department of Clinical and Molecular Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Giacomo Frati
- Department of Medico-Surgical Sciences and Biotechnologies, Sapienza University of Rome, Latina, Italy; Department of AngioCardioNeurology, IRCCS Neuromed, Pozzilli, Italy
| | - Peiyong Zhai
- Department of Cell Biology and Molecular Medicine, Rutgers New Jersey Medical School, Newark, New Jersey
| | - Junichi Sadoshima
- Department of Cell Biology and Molecular Medicine, Rutgers New Jersey Medical School, Newark, New Jersey.
| |
Collapse
|
27
|
Hosseinpour-Moghaddam K, Caraglia M, Sahebkar A. Autophagy induction by trehalose: Molecular mechanisms and therapeutic impacts. J Cell Physiol 2018; 233:6524-6543. [PMID: 29663416 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.26583] [Citation(s) in RCA: 91] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2017] [Accepted: 03/08/2018] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
The balance between synthesis and degradation is crucial to maintain cellular homeostasis and different mechanisms are known to keep this balance. In this review, we will provide a short overview on autophagy as an intracellular homeostatic degradative machinery. We will also describe the involvement of downregulation of autophagy in numerous diseases including neurodegenerative diseases, cancer, aging, metabolic disorders, and other infectious diseases. Therefore, modulation of autophagic processes can represent a promising way of intervention in different diseases including neurodegeneration and cancer. Trehalose, also known as mycose, is a natural disaccharide found extensively but not abundantly among several organisms. It is described that trehalose can work as an important autophagy modulator and can be proficiently used in the control several diseases in which autophagy plays an important role. On these bases, we describe here the role of trehalose as an innovative drug in the treatment of neurodegenerative diseases and other illnesses opening a new scenario of intervention in conditions difficult to be treated.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Michele Caraglia
- Department of Biochemistry, Biophysics and General Pathology, University of Campania "L. Vanvitelli", Naples, Italy
| | - Amirhossein Sahebkar
- Neurogenic inflammation Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.,Biotechnology Research Center, Pharmaceutical Technology Institute, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.,School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| |
Collapse
|
28
|
Chen CT, Hsieh MJ, Hsieh YH, Hsin MC, Chuang YT, Yang SF, Yang JS, Lin CW. Sulforaphane suppresses oral cancer cell migration by regulating cathepsin S expression. Oncotarget 2018; 9:17564-17575. [PMID: 29707130 PMCID: PMC5915138 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.24786] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2017] [Accepted: 02/28/2018] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Sulforaphane has been demonstrated to exert numerous biological effects, such as neuroprotective, anti-inflammatory, and anticancer effects. However, the detailed effects of sulforaphane on human oral cancer cell migration and the underlying mechanisms remain unclear. In this study, we observed that sulforaphane attenuated SCC-9 and SCC-14 cell motility and invasiveness by reducing cathepsin S expression. Moreover, sulforaphane increased microtubule-associated protein 1 light chain 3 (LC3) conversion, and the knockdown of LC3 by siRNA increased cell migration ability. Regarding the mechanism, sulforaphane inhibited the cell motility of oral cancer cells through the extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) pathway, which in turn reversed cell motility. In conclusion, sulforaphane suppress cathepsin S expression by inducing autophage through ERK signaling pathway. Thus, cathepsin S and LC3 may be new targets for oral cancer treatment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chang-Tai Chen
- Institute of Oral Sciences, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
- School of Dentistry, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Ming-Ju Hsieh
- Institute of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
- Cancer Research Center, Changhua Christian Hospital, Changhua, Taiwan
- Graduate Institute of Biomedical Sciences, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Hsien Hsieh
- Institute of Biochemistry, Microbiology and Immunology, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Min-Chieh Hsin
- Institute of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Ting Chuang
- Institute of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Shun-Fa Yang
- Institute of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
- Department of Medical Research, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Jia-Sin Yang
- Institute of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
- Department of Medical Research, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Chiao-Wen Lin
- Institute of Oral Sciences, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
- School of Dentistry, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
- Department of Dentistry, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| |
Collapse
|
29
|
Zhang P, Hu C, Li Y, Wang Y, Gao L, Lu K, Chang G, Li Y, Qin S, Zhang D. Vangl2 is essential for myocardial remodeling activated by Wnt/JNK signaling. Exp Cell Res 2018; 365:33-45. [PMID: 29454802 DOI: 10.1016/j.yexcr.2018.02.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2017] [Revised: 02/07/2018] [Accepted: 02/14/2018] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
The Wnt/JNK pathway, responsible for tissue polarity in cardiogenesis in vertebrates, has been shown to play numerous roles during differentiation and development of cardiac myocytes. Van Gogh-like-2 (Vangl2) is a core component that regulates the induction of polarized cellular and tissue morphology during animal development. However, little is known about Wnt/JNK signaling pathway in the process of myocardial remodeling. In present study, we found that activation of Wnt/JNK signaling by Wnt5a stimulates enlargement of cardiomyocyte surface area. The hypertrophic features were inhibited in Vangl2 depleted cells. Meanwhile, Wnt/JNK activation induced cytoskeleton rearrangement but failed to activate these effects in cells lacking Vangl2. Moreover, Wnt/JNK activation significantly increased the cell apoptosis by mediating the mitochondrial permeability transition pore (mPTP) dysfunction, whereas knockdown of Vangl2 partly reversed these effects. These results suggest that activation of Wnt/JNK signaling stimulates myocardial remodeling (cell morphological changes, apoptosis and mitochondrial dysfunction), in which Vangl2 may play an essential role.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Peng Zhang
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, No. 1 Yixueyuan Road, Yuzhong District, Chongqing 400016, PR China; Center for Perinatal Biology, Division of Pharmacology, Department of Basic Sciences, Loma Linda University School of Medicine, Loma Linda, CA 92350, USA
| | - Chunxiao Hu
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, No. 1 Yixueyuan Road, Yuzhong District, Chongqing 400016, PR China
| | - Yongyong Li
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, No. 1 Yixueyuan Road, Yuzhong District, Chongqing 400016, PR China
| | - Ying Wang
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, No. 1 Yixueyuan Road, Yuzhong District, Chongqing 400016, PR China
| | - Lei Gao
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, No. 1 Yixueyuan Road, Yuzhong District, Chongqing 400016, PR China
| | - Kai Lu
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, No. 1 Yixueyuan Road, Yuzhong District, Chongqing 400016, PR China
| | - Guanglei Chang
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, No. 1 Yixueyuan Road, Yuzhong District, Chongqing 400016, PR China
| | - Yong Li
- Center for Perinatal Biology, Division of Pharmacology, Department of Basic Sciences, Loma Linda University School of Medicine, Loma Linda, CA 92350, USA
| | - Shu Qin
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, No. 1 Yixueyuan Road, Yuzhong District, Chongqing 400016, PR China
| | - Dongying Zhang
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, No. 1 Yixueyuan Road, Yuzhong District, Chongqing 400016, PR China.
| |
Collapse
|
30
|
Wang B, Ding W, Zhang M, Li H, Guo H, Lin L, Chen J, Gu Y. Role of FOXO1 in aldosterone-induced autophagy: a compensatory protective mechanism related to podocyte injury. Oncotarget 2018; 7:45331-45351. [PMID: 27244896 PMCID: PMC5216726 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.9644] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2016] [Accepted: 04/16/2016] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
This study was undertaken to elucidate whether and how autophagy was regulated in aldosterone (Aldo)-induced podocyte injury and to examine its role in this model both in vitro and in vivo. In cultured podocytes, Aldo increased autophagy flux as indicated by the enhanced expression of LC3-II/LC3-I and the reduction of p62. Autophagy induction with rapamycin (RP) provided a cytoprotective effect, and inhibition of autophagy with Atg7-specific siRNA, chloroquine (CQ) or 3-methyladenine (3-MA) worsened Aldo-induced podocyte injury by attenuating endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress. Aldo inhibited Akt phosphorylation but increased the mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) signaling pathway; however, Aldo up-regulated the expression of FOXO1 and its downstream effector Rab7. Either knockdown of FOXO1 or Rab7 inhibited Aldo-induced autophagy. Additionally, an elevated level of P300-regulated acetylation of FOXO1 and the interaction of acetylated FOXO1 and Atg7 were also confirmed to be involved in regulating autophagy in Aldo-induced podocytes. Similar results were further confirmed in vivo. We propose that autophagy enhancement through enhancing of the FOXO1/Rab7 axis and post-translational modification of FOXO1 may represent a potential therapeutic strategy against podocyte injury by promoting autophagy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Bin Wang
- Division of Nephrology, Huashan Hospital and Institute of Nephrology, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Wei Ding
- Division of Nephrology, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Minmin Zhang
- Division of Nephrology, Huashan Hospital and Institute of Nephrology, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Hongmei Li
- Division of Nephrology, The Fifth People's Hospital of Shanghai, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Honglei Guo
- Division of Nephrology, The Fifth People's Hospital of Shanghai, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Lilu Lin
- Division of Nephrology, The Fifth People's Hospital of Shanghai, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jing Chen
- Division of Nephrology, Huashan Hospital and Institute of Nephrology, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yong Gu
- Division of Nephrology, Huashan Hospital and Institute of Nephrology, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| |
Collapse
|
31
|
Cybulsky AV. Endoplasmic reticulum stress, the unfolded protein response and autophagy in kidney diseases. Nat Rev Nephrol 2017; 13:681-696. [DOI: 10.1038/nrneph.2017.129] [Citation(s) in RCA: 244] [Impact Index Per Article: 34.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
|
32
|
Potential signaling pathways of acute endurance exercise-induced cardiac autophagy and mitophagy and its possible role in cardioprotection. J Physiol Sci 2017; 67:639-654. [PMID: 28685325 PMCID: PMC5684252 DOI: 10.1007/s12576-017-0555-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2017] [Accepted: 06/20/2017] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Cardiac myocytes are terminally differentiated cells and possess extremely limited regenerative capacity; therefore, preservation of mature cardiac myocytes throughout the individual's entire life span contributes substantially to healthy living. Autophagy, a lysosome-dependent cellular catabolic process, is essential for normal cardiac function and mitochondria maintenance. Therefore, it may be reasonable to hypothesize that if endurance exercise promotes cardiac autophagy and mitochondrial autophagy or mitophagy, exercise-induced cardiac autophagy (EICA) or exercise-induced cardiac mitophagy (EICM) may confer propitious cellular environment and thus protect the heart against detrimental stresses, such as an ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) injury. However, although the body of evidence supporting EICA and EICM is growing, the molecular mechanisms of EICA and EICM and their possible roles in cardioprotection against an I/R injury are poorly understood. Here, we introduce the general mechanisms of autophagy in an attempt to integrate potential molecular pathways of EICA and EICM and also highlight a potential insight into EICA and EICM in cardioprotection against an I/R insult.
Collapse
|
33
|
Wang C, Feng L, Ma L, Chen H, Tan X, Hou X, Song J, Cui L, Liu D, Chen J, Yang N, Wang J, Liu Y, Zhao B, Wang G, Zhou Y, Jia X. Alisol A 24-Acetate and Alisol B 23-Acetate Induced Autophagy Mediates Apoptosis and Nephrotoxicity in Human Renal Proximal Tubular Cells. Front Pharmacol 2017; 8:172. [PMID: 28408883 PMCID: PMC5374204 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2017.00172] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2016] [Accepted: 03/15/2017] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Two natural compounds alisol A 24-acetate (24A) and alisol B 23-acetate (23B) are abundant in Rhizoma alismatis. In the present study, we evaluated the induction of 24A and 23B on apoptosis and possible nephrotoxicity of human renal proximal tubular (HK-2) cells by activating autophagy and also explored its regulation on PI3K/Akt/mTOR signaling pathway. Presently, Clusterin, Kim-1, and TFF-3 were considered to be new bioindicators of nephrotoxicity. Interestingly, the protein expression and mRNA levels of Clusterin, Kim-1 and TFF-3 could be significantly increased by 23B and 24A in vivo and in vitro. Furthermore, cell apoptosis could be triggered by 23B and 24A via significantly decreasing the protein expression and mRNA levels of Bcl-2 and Bcl-xl. Autophagy of HK-2 cells could be induced by both 23B and 24A via significantly enhancing the ratio of LC3II/LC3I, the protein expression of Beclin-1 as well as the mRNA levels of LC3 and Beclin-1. Meanwhile, PI3K/Akt/mTOR signaling pathway could be inhibited by these two compounds. An autophagy inhibitor, 3-methyladenine, could partially reverse cell viability and conversely change the ratio of LC3II/LC3I and the protein expression of Bcl-2 and Kim-1. Thus this study helped to understand that 23B and 24A induced autophagy resulted in apoptosis and nephrotoxicity through inhibiting PI3K/Akt/mTOR signaling pathway, facilitating further studies for nephrotoxicity induced by these two compounds and could be beneficial for safe use of Rhizoma alismatis in clinic.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chunfei Wang
- Key Laboratory of New Drug Delivery System of Chinese Materia Medica, Jiangsu Province Academy of Traditional Chinese MedicineNanjing, China.,School of Pharmacy, Anhui University of Chinese MedicineHefei, China.,Faculty of Health Sciences, University of MacauMacau, China
| | - Liang Feng
- Key Laboratory of New Drug Delivery System of Chinese Materia Medica, Jiangsu Province Academy of Traditional Chinese MedicineNanjing, China.,School of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese MedicineNanjing, China
| | - Liang Ma
- Key Laboratory of New Drug Delivery System of Chinese Materia Medica, Jiangsu Province Academy of Traditional Chinese MedicineNanjing, China
| | - Haifeng Chen
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Xiamen UniversityXiamen, China
| | - Xiaobin Tan
- Key Laboratory of New Drug Delivery System of Chinese Materia Medica, Jiangsu Province Academy of Traditional Chinese MedicineNanjing, China.,School of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese MedicineNanjing, China
| | - Xuefeng Hou
- Key Laboratory of New Drug Delivery System of Chinese Materia Medica, Jiangsu Province Academy of Traditional Chinese MedicineNanjing, China.,School of Pharmacy, Anhui University of Chinese MedicineHefei, China
| | - Jie Song
- Key Laboratory of New Drug Delivery System of Chinese Materia Medica, Jiangsu Province Academy of Traditional Chinese MedicineNanjing, China.,School of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese MedicineNanjing, China
| | - Li Cui
- Key Laboratory of New Drug Delivery System of Chinese Materia Medica, Jiangsu Province Academy of Traditional Chinese MedicineNanjing, China.,School of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese MedicineNanjing, China
| | - Dan Liu
- Key Laboratory of New Drug Delivery System of Chinese Materia Medica, Jiangsu Province Academy of Traditional Chinese MedicineNanjing, China
| | - Juan Chen
- Key Laboratory of New Drug Delivery System of Chinese Materia Medica, Jiangsu Province Academy of Traditional Chinese MedicineNanjing, China.,School of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese MedicineNanjing, China
| | - Nan Yang
- Key Laboratory of New Drug Delivery System of Chinese Materia Medica, Jiangsu Province Academy of Traditional Chinese MedicineNanjing, China.,School of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese MedicineNanjing, China
| | - Jing Wang
- Key Laboratory of New Drug Delivery System of Chinese Materia Medica, Jiangsu Province Academy of Traditional Chinese MedicineNanjing, China.,School of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese MedicineNanjing, China
| | - Ying Liu
- Key Laboratory of New Drug Delivery System of Chinese Materia Medica, Jiangsu Province Academy of Traditional Chinese MedicineNanjing, China.,School of Pharmacy, Anhui University of Chinese MedicineHefei, China
| | - Bingjie Zhao
- Key Laboratory of New Drug Delivery System of Chinese Materia Medica, Jiangsu Province Academy of Traditional Chinese MedicineNanjing, China.,School of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese MedicineNanjing, China
| | - Gang Wang
- Key Laboratory of New Drug Delivery System of Chinese Materia Medica, Jiangsu Province Academy of Traditional Chinese MedicineNanjing, China.,School of Pharmacy, Anhui University of Chinese MedicineHefei, China
| | - Yuanli Zhou
- Key Laboratory of New Drug Delivery System of Chinese Materia Medica, Jiangsu Province Academy of Traditional Chinese MedicineNanjing, China
| | - Xiaobin Jia
- Key Laboratory of New Drug Delivery System of Chinese Materia Medica, Jiangsu Province Academy of Traditional Chinese MedicineNanjing, China.,School of Pharmacy, Anhui University of Chinese MedicineHefei, China.,School of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese MedicineNanjing, China
| |
Collapse
|
34
|
Mayer AL, Higgins CB, Heitmeier MR, Kraft TE, Qian X, Crowley JR, Hyrc KL, Beatty WL, Yarasheski KE, Hruz PW, DeBosch BJ. SLC2A8 (GLUT8) is a mammalian trehalose transporter required for trehalose-induced autophagy. Sci Rep 2016; 6:38586. [PMID: 27922102 PMCID: PMC5138640 DOI: 10.1038/srep38586] [Citation(s) in RCA: 76] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2016] [Accepted: 11/11/2016] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Trehalose is a disaccharide demonstrated to mitigate disease burden in multiple murine neurodegenerative models. We recently revealed that trehalose rapidly induces hepatic autophagy and abrogates hepatic steatosis by inhibiting hexose transport via the SLC2A family of facilitative transporters. Prior studies, however, postulate that intracellular trehalose is sufficient to induce cellular autophagy. The objective of the current study was to identify the means by which trehalose accesses the hepatocyte cytoplasm, and define the distal signaling mechanisms by which trehalose induces autophagy. We provide gas chromatographic/mass spectrometric, fluorescence microscopic and radiolabeled uptake evidence that trehalose traverses the plasma membrane via SLC2A8 (GLUT8), a homolog of the trehalose transporter-1 (Tret1). Moreover, GLUT8-deficient hepatocytes and GLUT8-deficient mice exposed to trehalose resisted trehalose-induced AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) phosphorylation and autophagic induction in vitro and in vivo. Although trehalose profoundly attenuated mTORC1 signaling, trehalose-induced mTORC1 suppression was insufficient to activate autophagy in the absence of AMPK or GLUT8. Strikingly, transient, heterologous Tret1 overexpression reconstituted autophagic flux and AMPK signaling defects in GLUT8-deficient hepatocyte cultures. Together, these data suggest that cytoplasmic trehalose access is carrier-mediated, and that GLUT8 is a mammalian trehalose transporter required for hepatocyte trehalose-induced autophagy and signal transduction.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Allyson L. Mayer
- Department of Pediatrics, Washington University School of Medicine, 660 S. Euclid Ave., St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - Cassandra B. Higgins
- Department of Pediatrics, Washington University School of Medicine, 660 S. Euclid Ave., St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - Monique R. Heitmeier
- Department of Pediatrics, Washington University School of Medicine, 660 S. Euclid Ave., St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - Thomas E. Kraft
- Department of Pediatrics, Washington University School of Medicine, 660 S. Euclid Ave., St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - Xia Qian
- Department of Pediatrics, Washington University School of Medicine, 660 S. Euclid Ave., St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - Jan R. Crowley
- Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, 660 S. Euclid Ave., St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - Krzysztof L. Hyrc
- Center for the Investigation of Membrane Excitability Diseases, Washington University School of Medicine, 660 S. Euclid Ave., St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
- The Hope Center for Neurological Disorders, Alafi Neuroimaging Laboratory, Washington University School of Medicine, 660 S. Euclid Ave., St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - Wandy L. Beatty
- Department of Molecular Microbiology, Washington University School of Medicine, 660 S. Euclid Ave., St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - Kevin E. Yarasheski
- Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, 660 S. Euclid Ave., St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - Paul W. Hruz
- Department of Pediatrics, Washington University School of Medicine, 660 S. Euclid Ave., St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - Brian J. DeBosch
- Department of Pediatrics, Washington University School of Medicine, 660 S. Euclid Ave., St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
- Department of Cell Biology & Physiology, Washington University School of Medicine, 660 S. Euclid Ave., St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
| |
Collapse
|
35
|
Autophagy in kidney disease and aging: lessons from rodent models. Kidney Int 2016; 90:950-964. [DOI: 10.1016/j.kint.2016.04.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 96] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2015] [Revised: 04/17/2016] [Accepted: 04/20/2016] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
|
36
|
Calcineurin inhibitors cyclosporin A and tacrolimus protect against podocyte injury induced by puromycin aminonucleoside in rodent models. Sci Rep 2016; 6:32087. [PMID: 27580845 PMCID: PMC5007516 DOI: 10.1038/srep32087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2016] [Accepted: 08/02/2016] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Podocyte injury and the appearance of proteinuria are features of minimal-change disease (MCD). Cyclosporin A (CsA) and tacrolimus (FK506) has been reported to reduce proteinuria in patients with nephrotic syndrome, but mechanisms remain unknown. We, therefore, investigated the protective mechanisms of CsA and FK506 on proteinuria in a rat model of MCD induced by puromycin aminonucleoside (PAN) and in vitro cultured mouse podocytes. Our results showed that CsA and FK506 treatment decreased proteinuria via a mechanism associated to a reduction in the foot-process fusion and desmin, and a recovery of synaptopodin and podocin. In PAN-treated mouse podocytes, pre-incubation with CsA and FK506 restored the distribution of the actin cytoskeleton, increased the expression of synaptopodin and podocin, improved podocyte viability, and reduced the migrating activities of podocytes. Treatment with CsA and FK506 also inhibited PAN-induced podocytes apoptosis, which was associated with the induction of Bcl-xL and inhibition of Bax, cleaved caspase 3, and cleaved PARP expression. Further studies revealed that CsA and FK506 inhibited PAN-induced p38 and JNK signaling, thereby protecting podocytes from PAN-induced injury. In conclusion, CsA and FK506 inhibit proteinuria by protecting against PAN-induced podocyte injury, which may be associated with inhibition of the MAPK signaling pathway.
Collapse
|
37
|
Liu L, Wu Y, Huang X. Orientin protects myocardial cells against hypoxia-reoxygenation injury through induction of autophagy. Eur J Pharmacol 2016; 776:90-8. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2016.02.037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2015] [Revised: 02/10/2016] [Accepted: 02/10/2016] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
|
38
|
The roles of oxidative stress, endoplasmic reticulum stress, and autophagy in aldosterone/mineralocorticoid receptor-induced podocyte injury. J Transl Med 2015; 95:1374-86. [PMID: 26414307 DOI: 10.1038/labinvest.2015.118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2014] [Revised: 07/08/2015] [Accepted: 07/13/2015] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Podocytes play an important role in the pathogenesis and progression of glomerulosclerosis. Recent studies indicate that aldosterone/mineralocorticoid receptor (MR) is a major contributor of chronic kidney disease (CKD) progression. Aldosterone/MR induces glomerular podocyte injury, causing the disruption of the glomerular filtration barrier and proteinuria. The present study investigated the mechanisms by which aldosterone/MR mediated podocyte injury, focusing on the involvement of oxidative stress, endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress, and autophagy. We observed that aldosterone/MR induced ER stress and podocyte injury both in vivo and in vitro. Blockade of ER stress significantly reduced aldosterone/MR-induced podocyte injury. In addition, we found that ER stress-induced podocyte injury was mediated by CCAAT/enhancer-binding protein (C/EBP) homologous protein (Chop). Interestingly, autophagy was also enhanced by aldosterone/MR. Pharmacological inhibition of autophagy resulted in increased apoptosis. Inhibition of ER stress significantly reduced aldosterone/MR-induced autophagy. In addition, the activation of ER stress increased the formation of autophagy, which protected podocytes from apoptosis. Moreover, we observed that the addition of ROS scavenger, N-acetyl cystein (NAC), blocked both ER stress and autophagy by aldosterone/MR. Collectively, these results suggest that oxidant stress-mediated aldosterone/MR-induced podocyte injury via activating ER stress, which then triggers both Chop-dependent apoptosis and autophagy to cope with the injury. These findings may guide us to therapeutic strategies for glomerular diseases.
Collapse
|
39
|
Wang L, Law HKW. The Role of Autophagy in Lupus Nephritis. Int J Mol Sci 2015; 16:25154-67. [PMID: 26506346 PMCID: PMC4632796 DOI: 10.3390/ijms161025154] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2015] [Revised: 10/05/2015] [Accepted: 10/19/2015] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is a multifactorial autoimmune disease characterized by the generation of immune responses to self-antigens. Lupus nephritis is one of the most common and severe complications in SLE patients. Though the pathogenesis of lupus nephritis has been studied extensively, unresolved questions are still left and new therapeutic methods are needed for disease control. Autophagy is a conserved catabolic process through which cytoplasmic constituents can be degraded in lysosome and reused. Autophagy plays vital roles in maintaining cell homeostasis and is involved in the pathogenesis of many diseases. In particular, autophagy can affect almost all parts of the immune system and is involved in autoimmune diseases. Based on genetic analysis, cell biology, and mechanism studies of the classic and innovative therapeutic drugs, there are growing lines of evidence suggesting the relationship between autophagy and lupus nephritis. In the present review, we summarize the recent publications investigating the relationship between autophagy and lupus nephritis and provide a new perspective towards the pathogenesis of lupus nephritis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Linlin Wang
- Department of Health Technology and Informatics, Faculty of Health and Social Sciences, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hunghom, Hong Kong, China.
| | - Helen Ka Wai Law
- Department of Health Technology and Informatics, Faculty of Health and Social Sciences, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hunghom, Hong Kong, China.
| |
Collapse
|
40
|
Di Bartolomeo F, Van den Ende W. Fructose and Fructans: Opposite Effects on Health? PLANT FOODS FOR HUMAN NUTRITION (DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS) 2015; 70:227-37. [PMID: 25904233 DOI: 10.1007/s11130-015-0485-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
Fructans are fructose-based oligo-and polysaccharides of natural origin. Fructan and fructose species are sometimes confused by the great public, although they clearly have different biochemical and physiological properties. This review discusses aspects of the use of fructose and fructans in foods in the context of human health, with possible differential effects on cellular autophagy in cells of the human body. Although there are uncertainties on the daily levels of ingested fructose to be considered harmful to human health, there is an emerging consensus on the benefits of the use of fructans in functional foods, sustaining health via direct immunomodulatory and antioxidant effects or through indirect, prebiotic mechanisms.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Francesca Di Bartolomeo
- Institute of Biochemistry, Graz University of Technology, Petersgasse 12/2, 8010, Graz, Austria
| | | |
Collapse
|