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Moran J, Mylod E, Kane LE, Marion C, Keenan E, Mekhaeil M, Lysaght J, Dev KK, O’Sullivan J, Conroy MJ. Investigating the Effects of Olaparib on the Susceptibility of Glioblastoma Multiforme Tumour Cells to Natural Killer Cell-Mediated Responses. Pharmaceutics 2023; 15:360. [PMID: 36839682 PMCID: PMC9959685 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics15020360] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2022] [Revised: 01/09/2023] [Accepted: 01/14/2023] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) is the most common adult primary brain malignancy, with dismal survival rates of ~14.6 months. The current standard-of-care consists of surgical resection and chemoradiotherapy, however the treatment response is limited by factors such as tumour heterogeneity, treatment resistance, the blood-brain barrier, and immunosuppression. Several immunotherapies have undergone clinical development for GBM but demonstrated inadequate efficacy, yet future combinatorial approaches are likely to hold more promise. Olaparib is FDA-approved for BRCA-mutated advanced ovarian and breast cancer, and clinical studies have revealed its utility as a safe and efficacious radio- and chemo-sensitiser in GBM. The ability of Olaparib to enhance natural killer (NK) cell-mediated responses has been reported in prostate, breast, and lung cancer. This study examined its potential combination with NK cell therapies in GBM by firstly investigating the susceptibility of the GBM cell line T98G to NK cells and, secondly, examining whether Olaparib can sensitise T98G cells to NK cell-mediated responses. Here, we characterise the NK receptor ligand profile of T98G cells and demonstrate that Olaparib does not dampen T98G susceptibility to NK cells or elicit immunomodulatory effects on the function of NK cells. This study provides novel insights into the potential combination of Olaparib with NK cell therapies for GBM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jennifer Moran
- Cancer Immunology Research Group, Department of Physiology, Trinity College Dublin, D02 R590 Dublin, Ireland
- Cancer Immunology and Immunotherapy Group, Department of Surgery, Trinity Translational Medicine Institute and Trinity St. James’s Cancer Institute, St. James’s Hospital, Trinity College Dublin, D08 W9RT Dublin, Ireland
| | - Eimear Mylod
- Cancer Immunology Research Group, Department of Physiology, Trinity College Dublin, D02 R590 Dublin, Ireland
- Cancer Immunology and Immunotherapy Group, Department of Surgery, Trinity Translational Medicine Institute and Trinity St. James’s Cancer Institute, St. James’s Hospital, Trinity College Dublin, D08 W9RT Dublin, Ireland
| | - Laura E. Kane
- Department of Surgery, Trinity Translational Medicine Institute and Trinity St. James’s Cancer Institute, St. James’s Hospital, Trinity College Dublin, D08 W9RT Dublin, Ireland
| | - Caroline Marion
- Cancer Immunology Research Group, Department of Physiology, Trinity College Dublin, D02 R590 Dublin, Ireland
- Cancer Immunology and Immunotherapy Group, Department of Surgery, Trinity Translational Medicine Institute and Trinity St. James’s Cancer Institute, St. James’s Hospital, Trinity College Dublin, D08 W9RT Dublin, Ireland
| | - Emily Keenan
- Cancer Immunology Research Group, Department of Physiology, Trinity College Dublin, D02 R590 Dublin, Ireland
| | - Marianna Mekhaeil
- Drug Development Research Group, Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Trinity College Dublin, D02 R590 Dublin, Ireland
| | - Joanne Lysaght
- Cancer Immunology and Immunotherapy Group, Department of Surgery, Trinity Translational Medicine Institute and Trinity St. James’s Cancer Institute, St. James’s Hospital, Trinity College Dublin, D08 W9RT Dublin, Ireland
| | - Kumlesh K. Dev
- Drug Development Research Group, Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Trinity College Dublin, D02 R590 Dublin, Ireland
| | - Jacintha O’Sullivan
- Department of Surgery, Trinity Translational Medicine Institute and Trinity St. James’s Cancer Institute, St. James’s Hospital, Trinity College Dublin, D08 W9RT Dublin, Ireland
| | - Melissa J. Conroy
- Cancer Immunology Research Group, Department of Physiology, Trinity College Dublin, D02 R590 Dublin, Ireland
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Thang M, Mellows C, Mercer-Smith A, Nguyen P, Hingtgen S. Current approaches in enhancing TRAIL therapies in glioblastoma. Neurooncol Adv 2023; 5:vdad047. [PMID: 37215952 PMCID: PMC10195206 DOI: 10.1093/noajnl/vdad047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Glioblastoma (GBM) is the most prevalent, aggressive, primary brain cancer in adults and continues to pose major medical challenges due in part to its high rate of recurrence. Extensive research is underway to discover new therapies that target GBM cells and prevent the inevitable recurrence in patients. The pro-apoptotic protein tumor necrosis factor-related apoptosis-inducing ligand (TRAIL) has attracted attention as an ideal anticancer agent due to its ability to selectively kill cancer cells with minimal toxicity in normal cells. Although initial clinical evaluations of TRAIL therapies in several cancers were promising, later stages of clinical trial results indicated that TRAIL and TRAIL-based therapies failed to demonstrate robust efficacies due to poor pharmacokinetics, resulting in insufficient concentrations of TRAIL at the therapeutic site. However, recent studies have developed novel ways to prolong TRAIL bioavailability at the tumor site and efficiently deliver TRAIL and TRAIL-based therapies using cellular and nanoparticle vehicles as drug loading cargos. Additionally, novel techniques have been developed to address monotherapy resistance, including modulating biomarkers associated with TRAIL resistance in GBM cells. This review highlights the promising work to overcome the challenges of TRAIL-based therapies with the aim to facilitate improved TRAIL efficacy against GBM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Morrent Thang
- Neuroscience Center, University of North Carolina—Chapel Hill School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA
- Division of Pharmacoengineering and Molecular Pharmaceutics, University of North Carolina—Chapel Hill School of Pharmacy, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA
| | - Clara Mellows
- Division of Pharmacoengineering and Molecular Pharmaceutics, University of North Carolina—Chapel Hill School of Pharmacy, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA
| | - Alison Mercer-Smith
- Division of Pharmacoengineering and Molecular Pharmaceutics, University of North Carolina—Chapel Hill School of Pharmacy, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA
| | - Phuong Nguyen
- Michigan State University School of Medicine, East Lansing, Michigan, USA
| | - Shawn Hingtgen
- Corresponding Author: Shawn Hingtgen, PhD, Division of Pharmacoengineering and Molecular Pharmaceutics, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Eshelman School of Pharmacy, 125 Mason Farm Road, Chapel Hill, NC 27599-7363, USA ()
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3
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Maleki Dana P, Sadoughi F, Mirzaei H, Asemi Z, Yousefi B. DNA damage response and repair in the development and treatment of brain tumors. Eur J Pharmacol 2022; 924:174957. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2022.174957] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2021] [Revised: 04/03/2022] [Accepted: 04/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
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Wan Z, Li C, Gu J, Qian J, Zhu J, Wang J, Li Y, Jiang J, Chen H, Luo C. Accurately Controlled Delivery of Temozolomide by Biocompatible UiO-66-NH 2 Through Ultrasound to Enhance the Antitumor Efficacy and Attenuate the Toxicity for Treatment of Malignant Glioma. Int J Nanomedicine 2021; 16:6905-6922. [PMID: 34675514 PMCID: PMC8517532 DOI: 10.2147/ijn.s330187] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2021] [Accepted: 09/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Glioma is the most common and malignant primary brain tumour in adults and has a dismal prognosis. Temozolomide (TMZ) is the only clinical first-line chemotherapy drug for malignant glioma up to present. Due to poor aqueous solubility and toxic effects, TMZ is still inefficient and limited for clinical glioma treatment. Methods UiO-66-NH2 nanoparticle is a zirconium-based framework, constructed by Zr and 2-amino-1,4-benzenedicarboxylic acid (BDC-NH2) with octahedral microporous structure, which can be decomposed by the body into an ionic form to discharge. We prepared the nanoscale metal-organic framework (MOF) of UiO-66-NH2 to load TMZ for therapy of malignant glioma, TMZ is released from UiO-66-NH2 through a porous structure. The ultrasound accelerates its porous percolation and promotes the rapid dissolution of TMZ through low-frequency oscillations and cavitation effect. The biological safety and antitumor efficacy were evaluated both in vitro and in vivo. Results The prepared TMZ@MOF exhibited excellent biocompatibility and biosafety due to minimal drug leakage without ultrasound intervention. We further used the flank model of glioblastoma to verify the in vivo therapeutic effect. TMZ@UiO-66-NH2 nanocomposites could be well delivered to the tumour tissue, which led to local enrichment of the TMZ concentration. Furthermore, TMZ@UiO-66-NH2 nanocomposites under ultrasound demonstrated much more efficient inhibition for tumor growth than TMZ@UiO-66-NH2 nanocomposites and TMZ alone. Meanwhile, the bone marrow suppression side effects of TMZ were significantly reduced by TMZ@UiO-66-NH2 nanocomposites. Conclusion In this work, TMZ@UiO-66-NH2 nanocomposites with ultrasound mediation could effectively improve the killing effect of malignant glioma and decrease TMZ-induced toxicity in normal tissues, demonstrating great potential for the delivery of TMZ in the clinical treatment of malignant gliomas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhiping Wan
- Department of Neurosurgery, Tongji Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200092, People's Republic of China
| | - Chunlin Li
- Trauma Center, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Jinmao Gu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Tongji Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200092, People's Republic of China
| | - Jun Qian
- Department of Neurosurgery, Tongji Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200092, People's Republic of China
| | - Junle Zhu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Tongji Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200092, People's Republic of China
| | - Jiaqi Wang
- Trauma Center, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Yinwen Li
- Trauma Center, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Jiahao Jiang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Tongji Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200092, People's Republic of China
| | - Huairui Chen
- Department of Neurosurgery, Tongji Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200092, People's Republic of China
| | - Chun Luo
- Department of Neurosurgery, Tongji Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200092, People's Republic of China
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Photodynamic Therapy Combined with Bcl-2/Bcl-xL Inhibition Increases the Noxa/Mcl-1 Ratio Independent of Usp9X and Synergistically Enhances Apoptosis in Glioblastoma. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:cancers13164123. [PMID: 34439278 PMCID: PMC8393699 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13164123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2021] [Accepted: 07/29/2021] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Glioblastoma represents one of the most common malignant brain tumors in adults and is associated with a poor clinical outcome despite current therapeutic measures. Therefore, novel strategies for the treatment of this disease are urgently needed. In this work, we examined the antineoplastic effects of a combined treatment with photodynamic therapy and ABT-263 on different glioblastoma cells. Photodynamic therapy uses the selective uptake of a photosensitive molecule followed by activation by light of a specific wavelength to kill cancer cells. ABT-263 is a small molecule inhibitor that targets cancer cells by facilitating programmed cell death. This novel combinatorial therapeutic strategy synergistically killed glioblastoma cells. These results indicate that a combination of the two treatment modalities may be of benefit for the treatment of glioblastoma supporting further studies. Abstract The purpose of this study was to assess in vitro whether the biological effects of 5-aminolevulinic acid (5-ALA)-based photodynamic therapy are enhanced by inhibition of the anti-apoptotic Bcl-2 family proteins Bcl-2 and Bcl-xL in different glioblastoma models. Pre-clinical testing of a microcontroller-based device emitting light of 405 nm wavelength in combination with exposure to 5-ALA (PDT) and the Bcl-2/Bcl-xL inhibitor ABT-263 (navitoclax) was performed in human established and primary cultured glioblastoma cells as well as glioma stem-like cells. We applied cell count analyses to assess cellular proliferation and Annexin V/PI staining to examine pro-apoptotic effects. Western blot analyses and specific knockdown experiments using siRNA were used to examine molecular mechanisms of action. Bcl-2/Bcl-xL inhibition synergistically enhanced apoptosis in combination with PDT. This effect was caspase-dependent. On the molecular level, PDT caused an increased Noxa/Mcl-1 ratio, which was even more pronounced when combined with ABT-263 in a Usp9X-independent manner. Our data showed that Bcl-2/Bcl-xL inhibition increases the response of glioblastoma cells toward photodynamic therapy. This effect can be partly attributed to cytotoxicity and is likely related to a pro-apoptotic shift because of an increased Noxa/Mcl-1 ratio. The results of this study warrant further investigation.
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Vassilakopoulou M, Won M, Curran WJ, Souhami L, Prados MD, Langer CJ, Rimm DL, Hanna JA, Neumeister VM, Melian E, Diaz AZ, Atkins JN, Komarnicky LT, Schultz CJ, Howard SP, Zhang P, Dicker AP, Knisely JPS. BRCA1 Protein Expression Predicts Survival in Glioblastoma Patients from an NRG Oncology RTOG Cohort. Oncology 2021; 99:580-588. [PMID: 33957633 DOI: 10.1159/000516168] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2020] [Accepted: 12/30/2020] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Glioblastoma, the most common malignant brain tumor, was associated with a median survival of <1 year in the pre-temozolomide (TMZ) era. Despite advances in molecular and genetic profiling studies identifying several predictive biomarkers, none has been translated into routine clinical use. Our aim was to investigate the prognostic significance of a panel of diverse cellular molecular markers of tumor formation and growth in an annotated glioblastoma tissue microarray (TMA). METHODS AND MATERIALS A TMA composed of archived glioblastoma tumors from patients treated with surgery, radiation, and non-TMZ chemother-apy, was provided by RTOG. RAD51, BRCA-1, phosphatase and tensin homolog tumor suppressor gene (PTEN), and miRNA-210 expression levels were assessed using quantitative in situ hybridization and automated quantitative protein analysis. The objectives of this analysis were to determine the association of each biomarker with overall survival (OS), using the Cox proportional hazard model. Event-time distributions were estimated using the Kaplan-Meier method and compared by the log-rank test. RESULTS A cohort of 66 patients was included in this study. Among the 4 biomarkers assessed, only BRCA1 expression had a statistically significant correlation with survival. From univariate analysis, patients with low BRCA1 protein expression showed a favorable outcome for OS (p = 0.04; hazard ratio = 0.56) in comparison with high expressors, with a median survival time of 18.9 versus 4.8 months. CONCLUSIONS BRCA1 protein expression was an important survival predictor in our cohort of glioblastoma patients. This result may imply that low BRCA1 in the tumor and the consequent low level of DNA repair cause vulnerability of the cancer cells to treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Vassilakopoulou
- Department of Pathology, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut, USA, .,Department of Medical Oncology, University of Crete, Heraklion, Greece,
| | - Minhee Won
- NRG Oncology Statistics and Data Management Center, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Walter J Curran
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Winship Cancer Institute, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | - Luis Souhami
- Department of Radiation Oncology, McGill University, Montréal, Québec, Canada
| | - Michael D Prados
- Department of Neurological Surgery, University of California, San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Corey J Langer
- Division of Hematology Oncology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - David L Rimm
- Department of Pathology, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut, USA
| | - Jason A Hanna
- Department of Pathology, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut, USA.,Department of Biological Sciences and Center for Cancer Research, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana, USA
| | - Veronique M Neumeister
- Department of Pathology, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut, USA.,Akoya Biosciences, Hopkinton, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Edward Melian
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Loyola University Medical Center, Maywood, Illinois, USA
| | - Aidnag Z Diaz
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - James N Atkins
- Southeast Cancer Consortium-Upstate NCORP, Winston-Salem, North Carolina, USA
| | - Lydia T Komarnicky
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Drexel University School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Christopher J Schultz
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, Wisconsin, USA
| | - Steven P Howard
- Department of Human Oncology, University of Wisconsin Hospital, Madison, Wisconsin, USA
| | - Peixin Zhang
- NRG Oncology Statistics and Data Management Center, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Adam P Dicker
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Jonathan P S Knisely
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, New York, USA
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7
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Prabhu VV, Morrow S, Rahman Kawakibi A, Zhou L, Ralff M, Ray J, Jhaveri A, Ferrarini I, Lee Y, Parker C, Zhang Y, Borsuk R, Chang WI, Honeyman JN, Tavora F, Carneiro B, Raufi A, Huntington K, Carlsen L, Louie A, Safran H, Seyhan AA, Tarapore RS, Schalop L, Stogniew M, Allen JE, Oster W, El-Deiry WS. ONC201 and imipridones: Anti-cancer compounds with clinical efficacy. Neoplasia 2020; 22:725-744. [PMID: 33142238 PMCID: PMC7588802 DOI: 10.1016/j.neo.2020.09.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 103] [Impact Index Per Article: 25.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2020] [Revised: 09/18/2020] [Accepted: 09/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
ONC201 was originally discovered as TNF-Related Apoptosis Inducing Ligand (TRAIL)-inducing compound TIC10. ONC201 appears to act as a selective antagonist of the G protein coupled receptor (GPCR) dopamine receptor D2 (DRD2), and as an allosteric agonist of mitochondrial protease caseinolytic protease P (ClpP). Downstream of target engagement, ONC201 activates the ATF4/CHOP-mediated integrated stress response leading to TRAIL/Death Receptor 5 (DR5) activation, inhibits oxidative phosphorylation via c-myc, and inactivates Akt/ERK signaling in tumor cells. This typically results in DR5/TRAIL-mediated apoptosis of tumor cells; however, DR5/TRAIL-independent apoptosis, cell cycle arrest, or antiproliferative effects also occur. The effects of ONC201 extend beyond bulk tumor cells to include cancer stem cells, cancer associated fibroblasts and immune cells within the tumor microenvironment that can contribute to its efficacy. ONC201 is orally administered, crosses the intact blood brain barrier, and is under evaluation in clinical trials in patients with advanced solid tumors and hematological malignancies. ONC201 has single agent clinical activity in tumor types that are enriched for DRD2 and/or ClpP expression including specific subtypes of high-grade glioma, endometrial cancer, prostate cancer, mantle cell lymphoma, and adrenal tumors. Synergy with radiation, chemotherapy, targeted therapy and immune-checkpoint agents has been identified in preclinical models and is being evaluated in clinical trials. Structure-activity relationships based on the core pharmacophore of ONC201, termed the imipridone scaffold, revealed novel potent compounds that are being developed. Imipridones represent a novel approach to therapeutically target previously undruggable GPCRs, ClpP, and innate immune pathways in oncology.
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Key Words
- 5-fu, 5-fluorouracil
- a2a, adenosine 2a receptor
- alcl, anaplastic large cell lymphoma
- all, acute lymphoblastic leukemia
- aml, acute myeloid leukemia
- ampk, amp kinase
- atrt, atypical teratoid rhabdoid tumor
- auc, area under the curve
- brd, bromodomain
- camp, cyclic amp
- cck18, caspase-cleaved cytokeratin 18
- ck18, cytokeratin 18
- cll, chronic lymphocytic leukemia
- clpp, caseinolytic protease p
- clpx, caseinolytic mitochondrial matrix peptidase chaperone subunit x
- cml, chronic myelogenous leukemia
- crc, colorectal cancer
- csc, cancer stem cell
- ctcl, cutaneous t-cell lymphoma
- dipg, diffuse intrinsic pontine glioma
- dlbcl, diffuse large b-cell lymphoma
- dna-pkcs, dna-activated protein kinase catalytic subunit
- dr5, death receptor 5
- drd1, dopamine receptor d1
- drd2, dopamine receptor d2
- drd3, dopamine receptor d3
- drd4, dopamine receptor d4
- drd5, dopamine receptor d5
- dsrct, desmoplastic small round cell tumor
- ec, endometrial cancer
- egfr, epidermal growth factor receptor
- flair, fluid-attenuated inversion recovery
- gbm, glioblastoma multiforme
- gdsc, genomics of drug sensitivity in cancer
- girk, g protein-coupled inwardly rectifying potassium channel
- gnrh, gonadotropin-releasing hormone receptor
- gpcr, g protein coupled receptor
- hcc, hepatocellular carcinoma
- ihc, immunohistochemistry
- hgg, high-grade glioma
- isr, integrated stress response
- mcl, mantle cell lymphoma
- mm, multiple myeloma
- mtd, maximum tolerated dose
- nhl, non-hodgkin’s lymphoma
- nk, natural killer
- noael, no-observed-adverse-event-level
- nsclc, non-small cell lung cancer
- os, overall survival
- oxphos, oxidative phosphorylation
- pc-pg, pheochromocytoma-paraganglioma
- pd, pharmacodynamic
- pdx, patient-derived xenograft
- pfs, progression-free survival
- pk, pharmacokinetic
- plc, phospholipase c
- rano, response assessment in neuro-oncology
- recist, response evaluation criteria in solid tumors
- rhtrail, recombinant human trail
- rp2d, recommended phase ii dose
- sar, structure–activity relationship
- sclc, small-cell lung cancer
- tic10, trail-inducing compound 10
- tmz, temozolomide
- tnbc, triple-negative breast cancer
- trail, tnf-associated apoptosis-inducing ligand
- tunel, terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase dutp nick end labeling
- who, world health organization
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Affiliation(s)
- Varun Vijay Prabhu
- Oncoceutics, Inc., 3675 Market St, Suite 200, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Sara Morrow
- Oncoceutics, Inc., 3675 Market St, Suite 200, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | | | - Lanlan Zhou
- Warren Alpert Medical School, Brown University, 70 Ship Street, Room 537, Providence, RI 02912, USA
| | - Marie Ralff
- Fox Chase Cancer Center, 333 Cottman Avenue, Philadelphia, PA 19111, USA
| | - Jocelyn Ray
- Fox Chase Cancer Center, 333 Cottman Avenue, Philadelphia, PA 19111, USA
| | - Aakash Jhaveri
- Warren Alpert Medical School, Brown University, 70 Ship Street, Room 537, Providence, RI 02912, USA
| | - Isacco Ferrarini
- Warren Alpert Medical School, Brown University, 70 Ship Street, Room 537, Providence, RI 02912, USA
| | - Young Lee
- Warren Alpert Medical School, Brown University, 70 Ship Street, Room 537, Providence, RI 02912, USA
| | - Cassandra Parker
- Warren Alpert Medical School, Brown University, 70 Ship Street, Room 537, Providence, RI 02912, USA
| | - Yiqun Zhang
- Warren Alpert Medical School, Brown University, 70 Ship Street, Room 537, Providence, RI 02912, USA
| | - Robyn Borsuk
- Warren Alpert Medical School, Brown University, 70 Ship Street, Room 537, Providence, RI 02912, USA
| | - Wen-I Chang
- Warren Alpert Medical School, Brown University, 70 Ship Street, Room 537, Providence, RI 02912, USA
| | - Joshua N Honeyman
- Warren Alpert Medical School, Brown University, 70 Ship Street, Room 537, Providence, RI 02912, USA
| | - Fabio Tavora
- Warren Alpert Medical School, Brown University, 70 Ship Street, Room 537, Providence, RI 02912, USA
| | - Benedito Carneiro
- Warren Alpert Medical School, Brown University, 70 Ship Street, Room 537, Providence, RI 02912, USA
| | - Alexander Raufi
- Warren Alpert Medical School, Brown University, 70 Ship Street, Room 537, Providence, RI 02912, USA
| | - Kelsey Huntington
- Warren Alpert Medical School, Brown University, 70 Ship Street, Room 537, Providence, RI 02912, USA
| | - Lindsey Carlsen
- Warren Alpert Medical School, Brown University, 70 Ship Street, Room 537, Providence, RI 02912, USA
| | - Anna Louie
- Warren Alpert Medical School, Brown University, 70 Ship Street, Room 537, Providence, RI 02912, USA
| | - Howard Safran
- Warren Alpert Medical School, Brown University, 70 Ship Street, Room 537, Providence, RI 02912, USA
| | - Attila A Seyhan
- Warren Alpert Medical School, Brown University, 70 Ship Street, Room 537, Providence, RI 02912, USA
| | | | - Lee Schalop
- Oncoceutics, Inc., 3675 Market St, Suite 200, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Martin Stogniew
- Oncoceutics, Inc., 3675 Market St, Suite 200, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Joshua E Allen
- Oncoceutics, Inc., 3675 Market St, Suite 200, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA.
| | - Wolfgang Oster
- Oncoceutics, Inc., 3675 Market St, Suite 200, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Wafik S El-Deiry
- Warren Alpert Medical School, Brown University, 70 Ship Street, Room 537, Providence, RI 02912, USA.
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Zhou Y, Liu L, Tao S, Yao Y, Wang Y, Wei Q, Shao A, Deng Y. Parthanatos and its associated components: Promising therapeutic targets for cancer. Pharmacol Res 2020; 163:105299. [PMID: 33171306 DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2020.105299] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2020] [Revised: 10/19/2020] [Accepted: 10/22/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Parthanatos is a PARP1-dependent, caspase-independent, cell-death pathway that is distinct from apoptosis, necrosis, or other known forms of cell death. Parthanatos is a multistep pathway that plays a pivotal role in tumorigenesis. There are many molecules in the parthanatos cascade that can be exploited to create therapeutic interventions for cancer management, including PARP1, PARG, ARH3, AIF, and MIF. These critical molecules are involved in tumor cell proliferation, progression, invasion, and metastasis. Therefore, these molecular signals in the parthanatos cascade represent promising therapeutic targets for cancer therapy. In addition, intimate interactions occur between parthanatos and other forms of cancer cell death, such as apoptosis and autophagy. Thus, co-targeting a combination of parthanatos and other death pathways may further provide a new avenue for cancer precision treatment. In this review, we elaborate on the signaling pathways of canonical parthanatos and briefly introduce the non-canonical parthanatos. We also shed light on the role parthanatos and its associated components play in tumorigenesis, particularly with respect to the aforementioned five molecules, and discuss the promise targeted therapy of parthanatos and its associated components holds for cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunxiang Zhou
- Department of Surgical Oncology, the Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310009, China
| | - Lihong Liu
- Department of Radiation Oncology, the Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310009, China
| | - Sifeng Tao
- Department of Surgical Oncology, the Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310009, China
| | - Yihan Yao
- Department of Surgical Oncology, the Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310009, China
| | - Yali Wang
- Department of Surgical Oncology, the Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310009, China
| | - Qichun Wei
- Department of Radiation Oncology, the Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310009, China.
| | - Anwen Shao
- Department of Neurosurgery, the Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310009, China.
| | - Yongchuan Deng
- Department of Surgical Oncology, the Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310009, China
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Lal S, Snape TJ. A therapeutic update on PARP inhibitors: implications in the treatment of glioma. Drug Discov Today 2020; 26:532-541. [PMID: 33157194 DOI: 10.1016/j.drudis.2020.10.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2020] [Revised: 10/07/2020] [Accepted: 10/29/2020] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Central nervous system (CNS) cancers are among the most aggressive and devastating. Further, due to unavailability of neuro-oncologists and neurosurgeons, the specialized treatment options of CNS cancers are still not completely available in most parts of the world. Among various strategies of inducing death in cancer cells, inhibition of poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP) has emerged as a beneficial therapy when combined with other anticancer agents. In this review, we provide a detailed therapeutic update of PARP inhibitors that have shown clinical activity against glioma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samridhi Lal
- Amity Institute of Pharmacy, Amity University, Gurugram, 122413, Haryana, India.
| | - Timothy J Snape
- Leicester School of Pharmacy, De Montfort University, Leicester, LE1 9BH, UK
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10
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The Modified Phenanthridine PJ34 Unveils an Exclusive Cell-Death Mechanism in Human Cancer Cells. Cancers (Basel) 2020; 12:cancers12061628. [PMID: 32575437 PMCID: PMC7352794 DOI: 10.3390/cancers12061628] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2020] [Accepted: 06/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
This overview summarizes recent data disclosing the efficacy of the PARP inhibitor PJ34 in exclusive eradication of a variety of human cancer cells without impairing healthy proliferating cells. Its cytotoxic activity in cancer cells is attributed to the insertion of specific un-repairable anomalies in the structure of their mitotic spindle, leading to mitotic catastrophe cell death. This mechanism paves the way to a new concept of cancer therapy.
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11
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Pruss M, Dwucet A, Tanriover M, Hlavac M, Kast RE, Debatin KM, Wirtz CR, Halatsch ME, Siegelin MD, Westhoff MA, Karpel-Massler G. Dual metabolic reprogramming by ONC201/TIC10 and 2-Deoxyglucose induces energy depletion and synergistic anti-cancer activity in glioblastoma. Br J Cancer 2020; 122:1146-1157. [PMID: 32115576 PMCID: PMC7156767 DOI: 10.1038/s41416-020-0759-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2019] [Revised: 01/08/2020] [Accepted: 02/05/2020] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Dysregulation of the metabolome is a hallmark of primary brain malignancies. In this work we examined whether metabolic reprogramming through a multi-targeting approach causes enhanced anti-cancer activity in glioblastoma. METHODS Preclinical testing of a combined treatment with ONC201/TIC10 and 2-Deoxyglucose was performed in established and primary-cultured glioblastoma cells. Extracellular flux analysis was used to determine real-time effects on OXPHOS and glycolysis. Respiratory chain complexes were analysed by western blotting. Biological effects on tumour formation were tested on the chorioallantoic membrane (CAM). RESULTS ONC201/TIC10 impairs mitochondrial respiration accompanied by an increase of glycolysis. When combined with 2-Deoxyglucose, ONC201/TIC10 induces a state of energy depletion as outlined by a significant decrease in ATP levels and a hypo-phosphorylative state. As a result, synergistic anti-proliferative and anti-migratory effects were observed among a broad panel of different glioblastoma cells. In addition, this combinatorial approach significantly impaired tumour formation on the CAM. CONCLUSION Treatment with ONC201/TIC10 and 2-Deoxyglucose results in a dual metabolic reprogramming of glioblastoma cells resulting in a synergistic anti-neoplastic activity. Given, that both agents penetrate the blood-brain barrier and have been used in clinical trials with a good safety profile warrants further clinical evaluation of this therapeutic strategy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maximilian Pruss
- Department of Neurological Surgery, Ulm University Medical Center, Ulm, Germany
| | - Annika Dwucet
- Department of Neurological Surgery, Ulm University Medical Center, Ulm, Germany
| | - Mine Tanriover
- Department of Neurological Surgery, Ulm University Medical Center, Ulm, Germany
| | - Michal Hlavac
- Department of Neurological Surgery, Ulm University Medical Center, Ulm, Germany
| | | | - Klaus-Michael Debatin
- Department of Pediatric and Adolescent Medicine, Ulm University Medical Center, Ulm, Germany
| | | | - Marc-Eric Halatsch
- Department of Neurological Surgery, Ulm University Medical Center, Ulm, Germany
| | - Markus David Siegelin
- Department of Pathology and Cell Biology, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Mike-Andrew Westhoff
- Department of Pediatric and Adolescent Medicine, Ulm University Medical Center, Ulm, Germany
| | - Georg Karpel-Massler
- Department of Neurological Surgery, Ulm University Medical Center, Ulm, Germany.
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12
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Immunotherapy with Monoclonal Antibodies in Lung Cancer of Mice: Oxidative Stress and Other Biological Events. Cancers (Basel) 2019; 11:cancers11091301. [PMID: 31487876 PMCID: PMC6770046 DOI: 10.3390/cancers11091301] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2019] [Revised: 08/29/2019] [Accepted: 08/30/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Lung cancer (LC) is a major leading cause of death worldwide. Immunomodulators that target several immune mechanisms have proven to reduce tumor burden in experimental models through induction of the immune microenvironment. We hypothesized that other biological mechanisms may also favor tumor burden reduction in lung cancer-bearing mice treated with immunomodulators. Methods: Tumor weight, area, T cells and tumor growth (immunohistochemistry), oxidative stress, apoptosis, autophagy, and signaling (NF-κB and sirtuin-1) markers were analyzed (immunoblotting) in subcutaneous tumor of BALB/c mice injected with LP07 adenocarcinoma cells treated with monoclonal antibodies (CD-137, CTLA-4, PD-1, and CD-19, N = 9/group) and non-treated control animals. Results: Compared to non-treated cancer mice, in tumors of monoclonal-treated animals, tumor area and weight and ki-67 were significantly reduced, while T cell counts, oxidative stress, apoptosis, autophagy, activated p65, and sirtuin-1 markers were increased. Conclusions: Immunomodulators elicited a reduction in tumor burden (reduced tumor size and weight) through decreased tumor proliferation and increased oxidative stress, apoptosis, autophagy, and signaling markers, which may have interfered with the immune profile of the tumor microenvironment. Future research should be devoted to the elucidation of the specific contribution of each biological mechanism to the reduced tumor burden.
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13
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Lowe S, Bhat KP, Olar A. Current clinical management of patients with glioblastoma. Cancer Rep (Hoboken) 2019; 2:e1216. [PMID: 32721125 DOI: 10.1002/cnr2.1216] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2019] [Revised: 04/11/2019] [Accepted: 04/29/2019] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Glioblastoma (GB) is the most aggressive primary brain tumor, historically resistant to treatment, and with overall fatal outcome. RECENT FINDINGS Recently, several molecular subgroups and rare genetic alterations have been described in GB. In this review article, we will describe the current clinical management of patients with GB in the United States, discuss selected next-generation molecular-targeted therapies in GB, and present ongoing clinical trials for patients with GB. This review is intended for clinical and preclinical researchers who conduct work on GB and would like to understand more about the current standard of treatment of GB patients, historical perspectives, current challenges, and ongoing and upcoming clinical trials. CONCLUSIONS GB is an extremely complex disease, and despite recent progress and advanced therapeutic strategies, the overall patient's prognosis remains dismal. Innovative strategies and integrative ways of approach to disease are urgently needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephen Lowe
- Department of Neurosurgery, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina
| | - Krishna P Bhat
- Deparment of Translational Pathology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Adriana Olar
- Department of Neurosurgery, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina.,Departments of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Medical University of South Carolina & Hollings Cancer Center, Charleston, South Carolina
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14
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Halatsch M, Kast RE, Dwucet A, Hlavac M, Heiland T, Westhoff M, Debatin K, Wirtz CR, Siegelin MD, Karpel‐Massler G. Bcl-2/Bcl-xL inhibition predominantly synergistically enhances the anti-neoplastic activity of a low-dose CUSP9 repurposed drug regime against glioblastoma. Br J Pharmacol 2019; 176:3681-3694. [PMID: 31222722 PMCID: PMC6715605 DOI: 10.1111/bph.14773] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2018] [Revised: 04/27/2019] [Accepted: 06/04/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Drug repurposing represents a promising approach to safely accelerate the clinical application of therapeutics with anti-cancer activity. In this study, we examined whether inhibition of the anti-apoptotic Bcl-2 family proteins Bcl-2 and Bcl-xL enhances the biological effects of the repurposed CUSP9 regimen in an in vitro setting of glioblastoma. EXPERIMENTAL APPROACH We applied 3-[4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl]-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide assays to assess cellular proliferation. Annexin V/propidium iodide and tetramethylrhodamine, ethyl ester staining were used to examine apoptosis. Western blotting, RT-PCR, and specific knockdown experiments using siRNA were employed to examine molecular mechanisms of action. KEY RESULTS Bcl-2/Bcl-xL inhibition exerted synergistic anti-proliferative effects across established, primary cultured, and stem-like glioblastoma cells when combined with CUSP9 which had been reduced to only one tenth of its proposed original concentration (CUSP9-LD). The combination treatment also led to enhanced apoptosis with loss of mitochondrial membrane potential and activation of caspases. On the molecular level, CUSP9-LD counteracted ABT263-mediated up-regulation of Mcl-1. Silencing of Mcl-1 enhanced ABT263-mediated apoptosis which indicates that down-regulation of Mcl-1 is crucial for the induction of cell death by the combination treatment. CONCLUSION AND IMPLICATIONS These data suggest that Bcl-2/Bcl-xL inhibition enhances the susceptibility of glioblastoma cells towards CUSP9, allowing dramatic dose reduction and potentially decreased toxicity when applied clinically. A clinical trial involving the original CUSP doses (CUSP9v3) is currently ongoing in our institution (NCT02770378). The Bcl-2/Bcl-xL inhibitor ABT263 is in clinical trials and might represent a valuable adjunct to the original CUSP.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Annika Dwucet
- Department of NeurosurgeryUlm University Medical CenterUlmGermany
| | - Michal Hlavac
- Department of NeurosurgeryUlm University Medical CenterUlmGermany
| | - Tim Heiland
- Department of NeurosurgeryUlm University Medical CenterUlmGermany
| | - Mike‐Andrew Westhoff
- Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent MedicineUlm University Medical CenterUlmGermany
| | - Klaus‐Michael Debatin
- Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent MedicineUlm University Medical CenterUlmGermany
| | | | - Markus David Siegelin
- Department of Pathology and Cell BiologyColumbia University Medical CenterNew YorkNYUSA
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15
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Hlavac M, Dwucet A, Kast RE, Engelke J, Westhoff MA, Siegelin MD, Debatin KM, Wirtz CR, Halatsch ME, Karpel-Massler G. Combined inhibition of RAC1 and Bcl-2/Bcl-xL synergistically induces glioblastoma cell death through down-regulation of the Usp9X/Mcl-1 axis. Cell Oncol (Dordr) 2019; 42:287-301. [PMID: 30859392 DOI: 10.1007/s13402-019-00425-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/28/2019] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Anti-apoptotic and pro-migratory phenotypes are hallmarks of neoplastic diseases, including primary brain malignancies. In this work, we examined whether reprogramming of the apoptotic and migratory machineries through a multi-targeting approach would induce enhanced cell death and enhanced inhibition of the migratory capacity of glioblastoma cells. METHODS Preclinical testing and molecular analyses of combined inhibition of Bcl-2/Bcl-xL and RAC1 were performed in established, primary cultured and stem-like glioblastoma cell systems. RESULTS We found that the combined inhibition of Bcl-2/Bcl-xL and RAC1 resulted in synergistic pro-apoptotic and anti-migratory effects in a broad range of different glioblastoma cells. At the molecular level, we found that RAC1 inhibition led to a decreased expression of the deubiquitinase Usp9X, followed by a decreased stability of Mcl-1. We also found that the combined inhibition led to a significantly decreased migratory activity and that tumor formation of glioblastoma cells on chorion allantoic membranes of chicken embryos was markedly impaired following the combined inhibition. CONCLUSIONS Our data indicate that concomitant inhibition of RAC1 and Bcl-2/Bcl-xL induces pro-apoptotic and anti-migratory glioblastoma phenotypes as well as synergistic anti-neoplastic activities. The clinical efficacy of this inhibitory therapeutic strategy warrants further evaluation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michal Hlavac
- Department of Neurological Surgery, Ulm University Medical Center, Albert-Einstein-Allee 23, D-89081, Ulm, Germany
| | - Annika Dwucet
- Department of Neurological Surgery, Ulm University Medical Center, Albert-Einstein-Allee 23, D-89081, Ulm, Germany
| | | | - Jens Engelke
- Department of Neurological Surgery, Ulm University Medical Center, Albert-Einstein-Allee 23, D-89081, Ulm, Germany
| | - Mike-Andrew Westhoff
- Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Ulm University Medical Center, Ulm, Germany
| | - Markus D Siegelin
- Department of Pathology and Cell Biology, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Klaus-Michael Debatin
- Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Ulm University Medical Center, Ulm, Germany
| | - Christian Rainer Wirtz
- Department of Neurological Surgery, Ulm University Medical Center, Albert-Einstein-Allee 23, D-89081, Ulm, Germany
| | - Marc-Eric Halatsch
- Department of Neurological Surgery, Ulm University Medical Center, Albert-Einstein-Allee 23, D-89081, Ulm, Germany
| | - Georg Karpel-Massler
- Department of Neurological Surgery, Ulm University Medical Center, Albert-Einstein-Allee 23, D-89081, Ulm, Germany.
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16
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Nunes T, Hamdan D, Leboeuf C, El Bouchtaoui M, Gapihan G, Nguyen TT, Meles S, Angeli E, Ratajczak P, Lu H, Di Benedetto M, Bousquet G, Janin A. Targeting Cancer Stem Cells to Overcome Chemoresistance. Int J Mol Sci 2018; 19:E4036. [PMID: 30551640 PMCID: PMC6321478 DOI: 10.3390/ijms19124036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 89] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2018] [Revised: 12/08/2018] [Accepted: 12/10/2018] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Cancers are heterogeneous at the cell level, and the mechanisms leading to cancer heterogeneity could be clonal evolution or cancer stem cells. Cancer stem cells are resistant to most anti-cancer treatments and could be preferential targets to reverse this resistance, either targeting stemness pathways or cancer stem cell surface markers. Gold nanoparticles have emerged as innovative tools, particularly for photo-thermal therapy since they can be excited by laser to induce hyperthermia. Gold nanoparticles can be functionalized with antibodies to specifically target cancer stem cells. Preclinical studies using photo-thermal therapy have demonstrated the feasibility of targeting chemo-resistant cancer cells to reverse clinical chemoresistance. Here, we review the data linking cancer stem cells and chemoresistance and discuss the way to target them to reverse resistance. We particularly focus on the use of functionalized gold nanoparticles in the treatment of chemo-resistant metastatic cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Toni Nunes
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), U1165, F-75010 Paris, France.
- Laboratoire de Pathologie, Université Paris Diderot, Sorbonne Paris Cité, UMR_S1165, F-75010 Paris, France.
| | - Diaddin Hamdan
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), U1165, F-75010 Paris, France.
- Hôpital de La Porte Verte, F-78004 Versailles, France.
| | - Christophe Leboeuf
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), U1165, F-75010 Paris, France.
- Laboratoire de Pathologie, Université Paris Diderot, Sorbonne Paris Cité, UMR_S1165, F-75010 Paris, France.
| | - Morad El Bouchtaoui
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), U1165, F-75010 Paris, France.
- Laboratoire de Pathologie, Université Paris Diderot, Sorbonne Paris Cité, UMR_S1165, F-75010 Paris, France.
| | - Guillaume Gapihan
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), U1165, F-75010 Paris, France.
- Laboratoire de Pathologie, Université Paris Diderot, Sorbonne Paris Cité, UMR_S1165, F-75010 Paris, France.
| | - Thi Thuy Nguyen
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), U1165, F-75010 Paris, France.
| | - Solveig Meles
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), U1165, F-75010 Paris, France.
| | - Eurydice Angeli
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), U1165, F-75010 Paris, France.
| | - Philippe Ratajczak
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), U1165, F-75010 Paris, France.
- Laboratoire de Pathologie, Université Paris Diderot, Sorbonne Paris Cité, UMR_S1165, F-75010 Paris, France.
| | - He Lu
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), U1165, F-75010 Paris, France.
- Laboratoire de Pathologie, Université Paris Diderot, Sorbonne Paris Cité, UMR_S1165, F-75010 Paris, France.
| | - Mélanie Di Benedetto
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), U1165, F-75010 Paris, France.
- Laboratoire de Pathologie, Université Paris Diderot, Sorbonne Paris Cité, UMR_S1165, F-75010 Paris, France.
- Université Paris 13, F-93430 Villetaneuse, France.
| | - Guilhem Bousquet
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), U1165, F-75010 Paris, France.
- Laboratoire de Pathologie, Université Paris Diderot, Sorbonne Paris Cité, UMR_S1165, F-75010 Paris, France.
- Université Paris 13, F-93430 Villetaneuse, France.
- Service d'Oncologie Médicale, AP-HP-Hôpital Avicenne, F-93008 Bobigny, France.
| | - Anne Janin
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), U1165, F-75010 Paris, France.
- Laboratoire de Pathologie, Université Paris Diderot, Sorbonne Paris Cité, UMR_S1165, F-75010 Paris, France.
- Service de Pathologie, AP-HP-Hôpital Saint-Louis, F-75010 Paris, France.
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17
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Shang E, Zhang Y, Shu C, Ishida CT, Bianchetti E, Westhoff MA, Karpel-Massler G, Siegelin MD. Dual Inhibition of Bcl-2/Bcl-xL and XPO1 is synthetically lethal in glioblastoma model systems. Sci Rep 2018; 8:15383. [PMID: 30337641 PMCID: PMC6194027 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-33784-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2018] [Accepted: 10/06/2018] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
XPO1 has recently emerged as a viable treatment target for solid malignancies, including glioblastoma (GBM), the most common primary malignant brain tumor in adults. However, given that tumors become commonly resistant to single treatments, the identification of combination therapies is critical. Therefore, we tested the hypothesis that inhibition of anti-apoptotic Bcl-2 family members and XPO1 are synthetically lethal. To this purpose, two clinically validated drug compounds, the BH3-mimetic, ABT263, and the XPO1 inhibitor, Selinexor, were used in preclinical GBM model systems. Our results show that inhibition of XPO1 reduces cellular viability in glioblastoma cell cultures. Moreover, addition of ABT263 significantly enhances the efficacy of XPO1 inhibition on the reduction of cellular viability, which occurs in a synergistic manner. While selinexor inhibits the proliferation of glioblastoma cells, the combination treatment of ABT263 and selinexor results in substantial induction of cell death, which is accompanied by activation of effector- initiator caspases and cleavage of PARP. Mechanistically we find that XPO1 inhibition results in down-regulation of anti-apoptotic Mcl-1 and attenuates ABT263 driven Mcl-1 up-regulation. Consistently, siRNA mediated silencing of Mcl-1 sensitizes for ABT263 mediated cell death and partially for the combination treatment. By using a human patient-derived xenograft model of glioblastoma in mice, we demonstrate that the combination treatment of ABT263 and Selinexor reduces tumor growth significantly more than each compound alone. Collectively, these results suggest that inhibition of XPO1 and Bcl-2/Bcl-xL might be a potential strategy for the treatment of malignant glial tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Enyuan Shang
- Department of Biological Sciences, Bronx Community College, City University of New York, Bronx, New York, USA
| | - Yiru Zhang
- Department of Pathology & Cell Biology, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, New York, USA
| | - Chang Shu
- Department of Pathology & Cell Biology, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, New York, USA
| | - Chiaki Tsuge Ishida
- Department of Pathology & Cell Biology, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, New York, USA
| | - Elena Bianchetti
- Department of Pathology & Cell Biology, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, New York, USA
| | - Mike-Andrew Westhoff
- Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Ulm University Medical Center, Ulm, Germany
| | | | - Markus D Siegelin
- Department of Pathology & Cell Biology, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, New York, USA.
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18
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Mattoo AR, Joun A, Jessup JM. Repurposing of mTOR Complex Inhibitors Attenuates MCL-1 and Sensitizes to PARP Inhibition. Mol Cancer Res 2018; 17:42-53. [DOI: 10.1158/1541-7786.mcr-18-0650] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2018] [Revised: 08/09/2018] [Accepted: 08/30/2018] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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19
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Ishida CT, Zhang Y, Bianchetti E, Shu C, Nguyen TTT, Kleiner G, Sanchez-Quintero MJ, Quinzii CM, Westhoff MA, Karpel-Massler G, Prabhu VV, Allen JE, Siegelin MD. Metabolic Reprogramming by Dual AKT/ERK Inhibition through Imipridones Elicits Unique Vulnerabilities in Glioblastoma. Clin Cancer Res 2018; 24:5392-5406. [PMID: 30037819 DOI: 10.1158/1078-0432.ccr-18-1040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2018] [Revised: 06/16/2018] [Accepted: 07/17/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Purpose: The goal of this study is to enhance the efficacy of imipridones, a novel class of AKT/ERK inhibitors that displayed limited therapeutic efficacy against glioblastoma (GBM).Experimental Design: Gene set enrichment, LC/MS, and extracellular flux analyses were used to determine the mechanism of action of novel imipridone compounds, ONC206 and ONC212. Orthotopic patient-derived xenografts were utilized to evaluate therapeutic potency.Results: Imipridones reduce the proliferation of patient-derived xenograft and stem-like glioblastoma cell cultures in vitro and in multiple xenograft models in vivo ONC212 displayed the highest potency. High levels of c-myc predict susceptibility to growth inhibition and apoptosis induction by imipridones and increased host survival in orthotopic patient-derived xenografts. As early as 1 hour, imipridones elicit on-target inhibition, followed by dephosphorylation of GSK3β at serine 9. GSK3β promotes phosphorylation of c-myc at threonine 58 and enhances its proteasomal degradation. Moreover, inhibition of c-myc by BRD4 antagonists sensitizes for imipridone-induced apoptosis in stem-like GBM cells in vitro and in vivo Imipridones affect energy metabolism by suppressing both glycolysis and oxidative phosphorylation, which is accompanied by a compensatory activation of the serine-one carbon-glycine (SOG) pathway, involving the transcription factor ATF4. Interference with the SOG pathway through novel inhibitors of PHGDH results in synergistic cell death induction in vitro and in vivo Conclusions: These results suggest that c-myc expression predicts therapeutic responses to imipridones and that imipridones lead to suppression of tumor cell energy metabolism, eliciting unique metabolic vulnerabilities that can be exploited for clinical relevant drug combination therapies. Clin Cancer Res; 24(21); 5392-406. ©2018 AACR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chiaki T Ishida
- Department of Pathology and Cell Biology, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, New York
| | - Yiru Zhang
- Department of Pathology and Cell Biology, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, New York
| | - Elena Bianchetti
- Department of Pathology and Cell Biology, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, New York
| | - Chang Shu
- Department of Pathology and Cell Biology, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, New York
| | - Trang T T Nguyen
- Department of Pathology and Cell Biology, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, New York
| | - Giulio Kleiner
- Department of Neurology, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, New York
| | | | - Catarina M Quinzii
- Department of Neurology, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, New York
| | - Mike-Andrew Westhoff
- Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Ulm University Medical Center, Ulm, Germany
| | | | | | | | - Markus D Siegelin
- Department of Pathology and Cell Biology, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, New York.
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20
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Zhao XZ, Wu XH. A small compound spindlactone A sensitizes human endometrial cancer cells to TRAIL-induced apoptosis via the inhibition of NAD(P)H dehydrogenase quinone 1. Onco Targets Ther 2018; 11:3609-3617. [PMID: 29950865 PMCID: PMC6016593 DOI: 10.2147/ott.s165723] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction Spindlactone A (SPL-A) is a novel small molecule inhibitor of TACC3 that selectively
inhibits the nucleation of centrosome microtubules and induces mitotic arrest in ovarian
cancer cells. SPL-A is derived from dicoumarol which inhibits the activity of NAD(P)H
dehydrogenase quinone oxidoreductase 1 (NQO1). This study aimed to investigate the
mechanism by which SPL-A enhances TRAIL-induced apoptosis in endometrial carcinoma
cells. Materials and methods Endometrial carcinoma cells were treated with SPL-A and/or TRAIL, and the apoptosis and
protein expression in the treated cells were examined. Results Combined treatment with SPL-A and TRAIL significantly induced apoptosis in various
human endometrial carcinoma cells, but not in normal human endometrial stromal cells and
endometrial epithelial cells. Notably, both NQO1 inhibitor ES936 and NQO1 siRNA enhanced
TRAIL-induced apoptosis of endometrial carcinoma cells. Furthermore, SPL-A downregulated
the expression of c-FLIP, Bcl-2, Bcl-xl, and Mcl-1, while increasing p53 expression. Conclusion In particular, luciferase assay showed that SPL-A inhibited Bcl-2 promoter activity,
and p53 inhibitor PFT-α could reverse the effect of SPL-A on Bcl-2 expression.
Moreover, Bcl-2 overexpression inhibited the apoptosis induced by SPL-A and TRAIL. Taken
together, our results suggest that SPL-A sensitizes endometrial cancer cells to
TRAIL-induced apoptosis via the regulation of apoptosis-related proteins and the
inhibition of NQO1 activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiang-Zhai Zhao
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, The Third Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Hebei 050051, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiao-Hua Wu
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Hebei Medical University, Hebei 050017, People’s Republic of China.,Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Shijiazhuang Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, Hebei Medical University, Hebei 050000, People's Republic of China
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Zhang Y, Ishida CT, Shu C, Kleiner G, Sanchez-Quintero MJ, Bianchetti E, Quinzii CM, Westhoff MA, Karpel-Massler G, Siegelin MD. Inhibition of Bcl-2/Bcl-xL and c-MET causes synthetic lethality in model systems of glioblastoma. Sci Rep 2018; 8:7373. [PMID: 29743557 PMCID: PMC5943348 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-25802-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2018] [Accepted: 04/30/2018] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Recent data suggest that glioblastomas (GBM) activate the c-MET signaling pathway and display increased levels in anti-apoptotic Bcl-2 family members. Therefore, targeting these two deregulated pathways for therapy might yield synergistic treatment responses. We applied extracellular flux analysis to assess tumor metabolism. We found that combined treatment with ABT263 and Crizotinib synergistically reduces the proliferation of glioblastoma cells, which was dependent on dual inhibition of Bcl-2 and Bcl-xL. The combination treatment led to enhanced apoptosis with loss of mitochondrial membrane potential and activation of caspases. On the molecular level, c-MET-inhibition results in significant energy deprivation with a reduction in oxidative phosphorylation, respiratory capacity and a suppression of intracellular energy production (ATP). In turn, loss of energy levels suppresses protein synthesis, causing a decline in anti-apoptotic Mcl-1 levels. Silencing of Mcl-1 enhanced ABT263 and MET-inhibitor mediated apoptosis, but marginally the combination treatment, indicating that Mcl-1 is the central factor for the induction of cell death induced by the combination treatment. Finally, combined treatment with BH3-mimetics and c-MET inhibitors results in significantly smaller tumors than each treatment alone in a PDX model system of glioblastoma. These results suggest that c-MET inhibition causes a selective vulnerability of GBM cells to Bcl-2/Bcl-xL inhibition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yiru Zhang
- Department of Pathology & Cell Biology, Columbia University Medical Center, NY, New York, USA
| | - Chiaki Tsuge Ishida
- Department of Pathology & Cell Biology, Columbia University Medical Center, NY, New York, USA
| | - Chang Shu
- Department of Pathology & Cell Biology, Columbia University Medical Center, NY, New York, USA
| | - Giulio Kleiner
- Department of Neurology, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
| | | | - Elena Bianchetti
- Department of Pathology & Cell Biology, Columbia University Medical Center, NY, New York, USA
| | - Catarina M Quinzii
- Department of Neurology, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Mike-Andrew Westhoff
- Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Ulm University Medical Center, Ulm, Germany
| | | | - Markus D Siegelin
- Department of Pathology & Cell Biology, Columbia University Medical Center, NY, New York, USA.
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22
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Li X, Ling Y, Cao Z, Shen J, Chen S, Liu W, Yuan B, Wen S. Targeting intestinal epithelial cell-programmed necrosis alleviates tissue injury after intestinal ischemia/reperfusion in rats. J Surg Res 2018; 225:108-117. [PMID: 29605020 DOI: 10.1016/j.jss.2018.01.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2017] [Revised: 11/19/2017] [Accepted: 01/04/2018] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Intestinal dysfunction, especially acute pathologies linked to intestinal ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury, is profoundly affected by inflammation and improper execution of cell death. Few studies have examined the efficacy of combined strategies in regulated intestinal epithelial necrosis after intestinal I/R. Here, we evaluated the functional interaction between poly (adenosine diphosphate-ribose) polymerase 1 (PARP-1)-induced parthanatos and receptor-interacting protein 1/3 (RIP1/3) kinase-induced necroptosis in the pathophysiological course of acute ischemic intestinal injury. METHODS Anesthetized adult male Sprague-Dawley rats were subjected to superior mesenteric artery occlusion consisting of 1.5 h of ischemia and 6 h of reperfusion. The PARP-1-specific inhibitor PJ34 (10 mg/kg) and the RIP1-specific inhibitor Necrostatin-1 (1 mg/kg) were intraperitoneally administered 30 min before the induction of ischemia. RESULTS Intestinal I/R was found to result in PARP-1 activation and RIP1/3-mediated necrosome formation. PJ34 or Necrostatin-1 treatment significantly improved the mucosal injury, while the combined inhibition of PARP-1 and RIP1/3 conferred optimal protection of the intestine. Meanwhile, results from terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase-mediated deoxyuridine triphosphate-biotin nick end labeling assay showed a decrease in intestinal epithelial cell death. Interestingly, we further showed that PARP-1 might act as a downstream signaling molecule of RIP1 in the process of I/R-induced intestinal injury and that the RIP1/PARP-1-dependent cell death signaling pathway functioned independently of caspase 3 inhibition. CONCLUSIONS The results of our study provide a molecular basis for combination therapy that targets both pathways of regulated necrosis (parthanatos and necroptosis), to treat acute intestinal I/R-induced intestinal epithelial barrier disruption.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiang Li
- Department of Anesthesiology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yihong Ling
- Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou, China; Department of Pathology, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhongming Cao
- Department of Anesthesiology, Guangdong Cardiovascular Institute and Guangdong General Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jiantong Shen
- Department of Anesthesiology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Shaoqian Chen
- Department of Medical Laboratory, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Weifeng Liu
- Department of Anesthesiology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Baolong Yuan
- Department of Anesthesiology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China.
| | - Shihong Wen
- Department of Anesthesiology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China.
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23
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Hombach-Klonisch S, Mehrpour M, Shojaei S, Harlos C, Pitz M, Hamai A, Siemianowicz K, Likus W, Wiechec E, Toyota BD, Hoshyar R, Seyfoori A, Sepehri Z, Ande SR, Khadem F, Akbari M, Gorman AM, Samali A, Klonisch T, Ghavami S. Glioblastoma and chemoresistance to alkylating agents: Involvement of apoptosis, autophagy, and unfolded protein response. Pharmacol Ther 2018; 184:13-41. [DOI: 10.1016/j.pharmthera.2017.10.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 192] [Impact Index Per Article: 32.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
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24
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Ishida CT, Shu C, Halatsch ME, Westhoff MA, Altieri DC, Karpel-Massler G, Siegelin MD. Mitochondrial matrix chaperone and c-myc inhibition causes enhanced lethality in glioblastoma. Oncotarget 2018; 8:37140-37153. [PMID: 28415755 PMCID: PMC5514897 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.16202] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2017] [Accepted: 03/03/2017] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Malignant gliomas display high levels of the transcription factor c-myc and organize a tumor specific chaperone network within mitochondria. Here, we show that c-myc along with mitochondrial chaperone inhibition displays massive tumor cell death. Inhibition of mitochondrial matrix chaperones and c-myc was established by utilizing genetic as well as pharmacological approaches. Bromodomain and extraterminal (BET) family protein inhibitors, JQ1 and OTX015, were used for c-myc inhibition. Gamitrinib was applied to interfere with mitochondrial matrix chaperones. A xenograft model was used to determine the in vivo efficacy. Combined inhibition of c-myc and mitochondrial matrix chaperones led to a synergistic reduction of cellular proliferation (CI values less than 1) in established glioblastoma, patient-derived xenograft and stem cell-like glioma cultures. The combinatorial treatment of BET inhibitors and Gamitrinib elicited massive apoptosis induction with dissipation of mitochondrial membrane potential and activation of caspases. Mechanistically, BET-inhibitors and Gamitrinib mediated a pronounced integrated stress response with a PERK-dependent up regulation of ATF4 and subsequent modulation of Bcl-2 family of proteins with down-regulation of Mcl-1 and its interacting partner, Usp9X, and an increase in pro-apoptotic Noxa. Blocking ATF4 by siRNA attenuated Gamitrinib/BET inhibitor mediated increase of Noxa. Knockdown of Noxa and Bak protected from the combinatorial treatment. Finally, the combination treatment of Gamitrinib and OTX015 led to a significantly stronger reduction of tumor growth as compared to single treatments in a xenograft model of human glioma without induction of toxicity. Thus, Gamitrinib in combination with BET-inhibitors should be considered for the development for clinical application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chiaki Tsuge Ishida
- Department of Pathology and Cell Biology, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Chang Shu
- Department of Pathology and Cell Biology, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
| | | | - Mike-Andrew Westhoff
- Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent medicine, Ulm University Medical Center, Ulm, Germany
| | | | | | - Markus David Siegelin
- Department of Pathology and Cell Biology, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
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25
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BH3-mimetics and BET-inhibitors elicit enhanced lethality in malignant glioma. Oncotarget 2018; 8:29558-29573. [PMID: 28418907 PMCID: PMC5444687 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.16365] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2017] [Accepted: 02/08/2017] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Drug combination therapies remain pivotal for the treatment of heterogeneous malignancies, such as glioblastomas. Here, we show a novel lethal interaction between Bcl-xL and c-myc inhibition accomplished by bromodomain protein inhibitors. Established, patient-derived xenograft and stem cell-like glioma cells were treated with the novel bromodomain protein inhibitors, JQ1 and OTX015, along with BH3-mimetics, ABT263 or Obatoclax. Synergy was assessed by calculation of CI values. Small interfering RNAs (siRNAs) were used for gene silencing and mechanistic studies. In vivo experiments were performed in a glioblastoma xenograft model. Single treatments with JQ1 and OTX015 had only moderate effects on the reduction of cellular viability. However, the combination treatment of BH3-mimetics along with JQ1 or OTX015 resulted in a highly synergistic reduction of cellular viability in a broad range of different model systems of malignant glioma. Similarly, knockdown of c-myc sensitized glioma cells for ABT263 mediated cell death. The enhanced loss of cellular viability in the combination treatment was mediated by activation of apoptosis with dissipation of mitochondrial membrane potential and caspase cleavage. The combination treatment led to a modulation of anti- and pro-apoptotic Bcl-2 family members with an increase in pro-apoptotic Noxa mediated by ATF4. Small interfering RNA mediated knockdown of Bak and Noxa protected glioma cells from ABT263/JQ1 mediated apoptosis. Finally, the combination treatment of ABT263 and OTX015 resulted in a regression of tumors and a significantly smaller tumor size as compared to single or vehicle treated tumors. Thus, these results warrant clinical testing for the drug combination of BH3-mimetics along with bromodain protein inhibitors.
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26
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Karpel-Massler G, Banu MA, Shu C, Halatsch ME, Westhoff MA, Bruce JN, Canoll P, Siegelin MD. Inhibition of deubiquitinases primes glioblastoma cells to apoptosis in vitro and in vivo. Oncotarget 2017; 7:12791-805. [PMID: 26872380 PMCID: PMC4914322 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.7302] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2015] [Accepted: 01/26/2016] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
It remains a challenge in oncology to identify novel drug regimens to efficiently tackle glioblastoma, the most common primary brain tumor in adults. Here, we target deubiquitinases for glioblastoma therapy by utilizing the small-molecule inhibitor WP1130 which has been characterized as a deubiquitinase inhibitor that interferes with the function of Usp9X. Expression analysis data confirm that Usp9X expression is increased in glioblastoma compared to normal brain tissue indicating its potential as a therapeutic. Consistently, increasing concentrations of WP1130 decrease the cellular viability of established, patient-derived xenograft (PDX) and stem cell-like glioblastoma cells. Specific down-regulation of Usp9X reduces viability in glioblastoma cells mimicking the effects of WP1130. Mechanistically, WP1130 elicits apoptosis and increases activation of caspases. Moreover, WP1130 and siRNAs targeting Usp9X reduce the expression of anti-apoptotic Bcl-2 family members and Inhibitor of Apoptosis Proteins, XIAP and Survivin. Pharmacological and genetic interference with Usp9X efficiently sensitized glioblastoma cells to intrinsic and extrinsic apoptotic stimuli. In addition, single treatment with WP1130 elicited anti-glioma activity in an orthotopic proneural murine model of glioblastoma. Finally, the combination treatment of WP1130 and ABT263 inhibited tumor growth more efficiently than each reagent by its own in vivo without detectable side effects or organ toxicity. Taken together, these results suggest that targeting deubiquitinases for glioma therapy is feasible and effective.
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Affiliation(s)
- Georg Karpel-Massler
- Department of Pathology and Cell Biology, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, New York, USA
| | - Matei A Banu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, New York, USA
| | - Chang Shu
- Department of Pathology and Cell Biology, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, New York, USA
| | | | - Mike-Andrew Westhoff
- Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Ulm University Medical Center, Ulm, Germany
| | - Jeffrey N Bruce
- Department of Neurosurgery, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, New York, USA
| | - Peter Canoll
- Department of Pathology and Cell Biology, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, New York, USA
| | - Markus D Siegelin
- Department of Pathology and Cell Biology, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, New York, USA
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27
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Karpel-Massler G, Ishida CT, Bianchetti E, Zhang Y, Shu C, Tsujiuchi T, Banu MA, Garcia F, Roth KA, Bruce JN, Canoll P, Siegelin MD. Induction of synthetic lethality in IDH1-mutated gliomas through inhibition of Bcl-xL. Nat Commun 2017; 8:1067. [PMID: 29057925 PMCID: PMC5651864 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-017-00984-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 89] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2017] [Accepted: 08/10/2017] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Certain gliomas often harbor a mutation in the activity center of IDH1 (R132H), which leads to the production of the oncometabolite 2-R-2-hydroxyglutarate (2-HG). In six model systems, including patient-derived stem cell-like glioblastoma cultures, inhibition of Bcl-xL induces significantly more apoptosis in IDH1-mutated cells than in wild-type IDH1 cells. Anaplastic astrocytoma samples with mutated IDH1 display lower levels of Mcl-1 than IDH1 wild-type tumors and specific knockdown of Mcl-1 broadly sensitizes glioblastoma cells to Bcl-xL inhibition-mediated apoptosis. Addition of 2-HG to glioblastoma cultures recapitulates the effects of the IDH mutation on intrinsic apoptosis, shuts down oxidative phosphorylation and reduces ATP levels in glioblastoma cells. 2-HG-mediated energy depletion activates AMPK (Threonine 172), blunting protein synthesis and mTOR signaling, culminating in a decline of Mcl-1. In an orthotopic glioblastoma xenograft model expressing mutated IDH1, Bcl-xL inhibition leads to long-term survival. These results demonstrate that IDH1-mutated gliomas are particularly vulnerable to Bcl-xL inhibition. Glioblastoma (GBM) cells are often characterized by the presence of the IDH1 R132H mutation and high expression of anti-apoptotic proteins. Here, the authors show that the inhibition of Bcl-xL is synthetically lethal in IDH1-mutated GBM models and that this effect is mediated by the oncometabolite, 2-HG, which reduces Mcl-1 protein levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Georg Karpel-Massler
- Department of Pathology & Cell Biology, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY, 10032, USA.,Department of Neurosurgery, University of Ulm Medical Center, Ulm, Germany
| | - Chiaki Tsuge Ishida
- Department of Pathology & Cell Biology, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY, 10032, USA
| | - Elena Bianchetti
- Department of Pathology & Cell Biology, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY, 10032, USA
| | - Yiru Zhang
- Department of Pathology & Cell Biology, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY, 10032, USA
| | - Chang Shu
- Department of Pathology & Cell Biology, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY, 10032, USA
| | - Takashi Tsujiuchi
- Department of Neurosurgery, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY, 10032, USA
| | - Matei A Banu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY, 10032, USA
| | - Franklin Garcia
- Department of Pathology & Cell Biology, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY, 10032, USA
| | - Kevin A Roth
- Department of Pathology & Cell Biology, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY, 10032, USA
| | - Jeffrey N Bruce
- Department of Neurosurgery, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY, 10032, USA
| | - Peter Canoll
- Department of Pathology & Cell Biology, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY, 10032, USA
| | - Markus D Siegelin
- Department of Pathology & Cell Biology, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY, 10032, USA.
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28
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Miranda A, Blanco-Prieto MJ, Sousa J, Pais A, Vitorino C. Breaching barriers in glioblastoma. Part II: Targeted drug delivery and lipid nanoparticles. Int J Pharm 2017; 531:389-410. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2017.07.049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2017] [Revised: 07/13/2017] [Accepted: 07/15/2017] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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29
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Anti-glioma Activity of Dapsone and Its Enhancement by Synthetic Chemical Modification. Neurochem Res 2017; 42:3382-3389. [PMID: 28852934 DOI: 10.1007/s11064-017-2378-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2017] [Revised: 08/01/2017] [Accepted: 08/08/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
The sulfone dapsone is an old antibiotic used for the treatment of mycobacterial and protozoal infections. We postulated before that dapsone might possess biological activity exceeding its anti-infectious properties and that it could potentially be repurposed for the treatment of glioma. To test this hypothesis, we treated established and primary cultured glioma cells with dapsone or several dapsone analogues which we previously synthesized (D2-D5) and determined effects on proliferation, anchorage-independent growth and migration. While dapsone and its synthetic analogues D2-D5 displayed only modest anti-proliferative activity, important neoplastic features such as anchorage-independent growth, clonogenic survival and directed migration were significantly inhibited by dapsone treatment. Moreover, dapsone analogues D3, D4 and D5 yielded even enhanced anti-glioma activity against different pro-neoplastic features. Overall these data suggest that dapsone provides activity against glioma which can be further enhanced by molecular modifications. These compounds could potentially serve as a therapeutic adjunct to the treatment of gliomas in a repurposing approach.
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30
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Karpel-Massler G, Ishida CT, Bianchetti E, Shu C, Perez-Lorenzo R, Horst B, Banu M, Roth KA, Bruce JN, Canoll P, Altieri DC, Siegelin MD. Inhibition of Mitochondrial Matrix Chaperones and Antiapoptotic Bcl-2 Family Proteins Empower Antitumor Therapeutic Responses. Cancer Res 2017; 77:3513-3526. [PMID: 28522750 DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.can-16-3424] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2016] [Revised: 03/22/2017] [Accepted: 04/28/2017] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Rational therapeutic approaches based on synthetic lethality may improve cancer management. On the basis of a high-throughput drug screen, we provide preclinical proof of concept that targeting the mitochondrial Hsp90 chaperone network (mtHsp90) and inhibition of Bcl-2, Bcl-xL, and Mcl-1 is sufficient to elicit synthetic lethality in tumors recalcitrant to therapy. Our analyses focused on BH3 mimetics that are broad acting (ABT263 and obatoclax) or selective (ABT199, WEHI-539, and A1210477), along with the established mitochondrial matrix chaperone inhibitor gamitrinib-TPP. Drug combinations were tested in various therapy-resistant tumors in vitro and in vivo in murine model systems of melanoma, triple-negative breast cancer, and patient-derived orthotopic xenografts (PDX) of human glioblastoma. We found that combining BH3 mimetics and gamitrinib-TPP blunted cellular proliferation in a synergistic manner by massive activation of intrinsic apoptosis. In like manner, suppressing either Bcl-2, Bcl-xL, or Mcl-1 recapitulated the effects of BH3 mimetics and enhanced the effects of gamitrinib-TPP. Mechanistic investigations revealed that gamitrinib-TPP activated a PERK-dependent integrated stress response, which activated the proapoptotic BH3 protein Noxa and its downstream targets Usp9X and Mcl-1. Notably, in the PDX glioblastoma and BRAFi-resistant melanoma models, this drug combination safely and significantly extended host survival. Our results show how combining mitochondrial chaperone and Bcl-2 family inhibitors can synergize to safely degrade the growth of tumors recalcitrant to other treatments. Cancer Res; 77(13); 3513-26. ©2017 AACR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Georg Karpel-Massler
- Department of Pathology & Cell Biology, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, New York
| | - Chiaki Tsuge Ishida
- Department of Pathology & Cell Biology, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, New York
| | - Elena Bianchetti
- Department of Pathology & Cell Biology, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, New York
| | - Chang Shu
- Department of Pathology & Cell Biology, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, New York
| | | | - Basil Horst
- Department of Pathology & Cell Biology, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, New York
- Department of Dermatology, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, New York
| | - Matei Banu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, New York
| | - Kevin A Roth
- Department of Pathology & Cell Biology, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, New York
| | - Jeffrey N Bruce
- Department of Neurosurgery, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, New York
| | - Peter Canoll
- Department of Pathology & Cell Biology, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, New York
| | | | - Markus D Siegelin
- Department of Pathology & Cell Biology, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, New York.
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31
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Rajawat J, Shukla N, Mishra DP. Therapeutic Targeting of Poly(ADP-Ribose) Polymerase-1 (PARP1) in Cancer: Current Developments, Therapeutic Strategies, and Future Opportunities. Med Res Rev 2017; 37:1461-1491. [PMID: 28510338 DOI: 10.1002/med.21442] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2016] [Revised: 01/31/2017] [Accepted: 02/16/2017] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase-1 (PARP-1) plays a central role in numerous cellular processes including DNA repair, replication, and transcription. PARP interacts directly, indirectly or via PARylation with various oncogenic proteins and regulates several transcription factors thereby modulating carcinogenesis. Therapeutic inhibition of PARP is therefore perceived as a promising anticancer strategy and a number of PARP inhibitors (PARPi) are currently under development and clinical evaluation. PARPi inhibit the DNA repair pathway and thus form the concept of synthetic lethality in cancer therapeutics. Preclinical and clinical studies have shown the potential of PARPi as chemopotentiator, radiosensitizer, or as adjuvant therapeutic agents. Recent studies have shown that PARP-1 could be either oncogenic or tumor suppressive in different cancers. PARP inhibitor resistance is also a growing concern in the clinical setting. Recently, changes in the levels of PARP-1 activity or expression in cancer patients have provided the basis for consideration of PARP-1 regulatory proteins as potential biomarkers. This review focuses on the current developments related to the role of PARP in cancer progression, therapeutic strategies targeting PARP-associated oncogenic signaling, and future opportunities in use of PARPi in anticancer therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jyotika Rajawat
- Cell Death Research Laboratory, Endocrinology Division, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute, B.S. 10/1, Sector-10, Jankipuram Extension, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, 226031, India
| | - Nidhi Shukla
- Cell Death Research Laboratory, Endocrinology Division, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute, B.S. 10/1, Sector-10, Jankipuram Extension, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, 226031, India
| | - Durga Prasad Mishra
- Cell Death Research Laboratory, Endocrinology Division, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute, B.S. 10/1, Sector-10, Jankipuram Extension, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, 226031, India
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Karpel-Massler G, Bâ M, Shu C, Halatsch ME, Westhoff MA, Bruce JN, Canoll P, Siegelin MD. TIC10/ONC201 synergizes with Bcl-2/Bcl-xL inhibition in glioblastoma by suppression of Mcl-1 and its binding partners in vitro and in vivo. Oncotarget 2017; 6:36456-71. [PMID: 26474387 PMCID: PMC4742189 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.5505] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2015] [Accepted: 09/29/2015] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Glioblastoma is the most frequent primary brain tumor in adults. Current therapeutic options are sparse and the prognosis of patients suffering from this disease is grim. Abundance in intratumoral heterogeneity among different deregulated signaling pathways is a hallmark of glioblastoma and likely accounts for its recurrence and resistance to treatment. Glioblastomas harbor a plethora of deregulated pathways driving tumor formation and growth. In this study, we show that TIC10/ONC201, a promising compound that is currently in planned clinical development, along with Bcl-2/Bcl-xL inhibition by ABT263 yields a strong synergistic antiproliferative effect on pediatric, adult, proneural glioblastoma and glioma stem-like cells. On the molecular level, treatment with TIC10/ONC201 results in a posttranslational decrease of the anti-apoptotic Bcl-2 family member, myeloid cell leukemia 1 (Mcl-1), through modulation of the chaperone Bag3 and the deubiquitinase Usp9X. Consistently, the combination treatment of TIC10/ONC201 and ABT263 required the presence of functional BAX and BAK to drive intrinsic apoptosis, but is surprisingly independent of the extrinsic apoptotic pathway. Moreover, the expression of Noxa protein was required for efficient apoptosis induction by TIC10/ONC201 and ABT263. Importantly, the drug combination of TIC10/ONC201 and the BH3-mimetic, ABT263, led to a regression of tumors in vivo, without any notable toxicity and side effects. Overall, TIC10/ONC201 along with Bcl-2/Bcl-xL inhibition holds significant promise as a novel potential approach for the treatment of recalcitrant tumors such as glioblastoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Georg Karpel-Massler
- Department of Pathology & Cell Biology, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, New York, U.S.A
| | - Maïmouna Bâ
- Department of Pathology & Cell Biology, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, New York, U.S.A
| | - Chang Shu
- Department of Pathology & Cell Biology, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, New York, U.S.A
| | | | - Mike-Andrew Westhoff
- Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Ulm University Medical Center, Ulm, Germany
| | - Jeffrey N Bruce
- Department of Neurosurgery, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, New York, U.S.A
| | - Peter Canoll
- Department of Pathology & Cell Biology, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, New York, U.S.A
| | - Markus D Siegelin
- Department of Pathology & Cell Biology, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, New York, U.S.A
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Karpel-Massler G, Ramani D, Shu C, Halatsch ME, Westhoff MA, Bruce JN, Canoll P, Siegelin MD. Metabolic reprogramming of glioblastoma cells by L-asparaginase sensitizes for apoptosis in vitro and in vivo. Oncotarget 2016; 7:33512-28. [PMID: 27172899 PMCID: PMC5085099 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.9257] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/29/2016] [Accepted: 04/26/2016] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Cancer cells display a variety of global metabolic changes, which aside from the glycolytic pathway largely involve amino acid metabolism. To ensure aggressive growth, tumor cells highly depend on amino acids, most notably due to their pivotal need of protein synthesis. In this study, we assessed the overall hypothesis that depletion of asparagine by E. coli-derived L-asparaginase might be a novel means for the therapy of one of the most recalcitrant neoplasms and for which no efficient treatment currently exists - glioblastoma (WHO grade IV). Our results suggest that certain glioma cell cultures are particularly susceptible to inhibition of proliferation by L-asparaginase, while others display a more resistant phenotype. In sensitive cells, L-asparaginase induces apoptosis with dissipation of mitochondrial membrane potential and activation of effector caspases. L-asparaginase-mediated apoptosis was accompanied by modulation of pro- and anti-apoptotic Bcl-2 family members, including Noxa, Mcl-1 and the deubiquitinase Usp9X. Given the impact of L-asparaginase on these molecules, we found that L-asparaginase potently overcomes resistance to both intrinsic apoptosis induced by the Bcl-2/Bcl-xL inhibitor, ABT263, and extrinsic apoptosis mediated by TRAIL even in glioma cells that are resistant towards L-asparaginase single treatment. RNA interference studies showed that Usp9X, Mcl-1, Noxa and Bax/Bak are involved in ABT263/L-asparaginase-mediated cell death. In vivo, combined treatment with ABT263 and L-asparaginase led to an enhanced reduction of tumor growth when compared to each reagent alone without induction of toxicity. These observations suggest that L-asparaginase might be useful for the treatment of malignant glial neoplasms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Georg Karpel-Massler
- Department of Pathology & Cell Biology, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, New York, United States of America
| | - Doruntina Ramani
- Department of Pathology & Cell Biology, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, New York, United States of America
| | - Chang Shu
- Department of Pathology & Cell Biology, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, New York, United States of America
| | | | - Mike-Andrew Westhoff
- Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Ulm University Medical Center, Ulm, Germany
| | - Jeffrey N. Bruce
- Department of Neurological Surgery, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, New York, United States of America
| | - Peter Canoll
- Department of Pathology & Cell Biology, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, New York, United States of America
| | - Markus D. Siegelin
- Department of Pathology & Cell Biology, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, New York, United States of America
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JNK Activation Contributes to Oxidative Stress-Induced Parthanatos in Glioma Cells via Increase of Intracellular ROS Production. Mol Neurobiol 2016; 54:3492-3505. [DOI: 10.1007/s12035-016-9926-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2016] [Accepted: 05/03/2016] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
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Karpel-Massler G, Shu C, Chau L, Banu M, Halatsch ME, Westhoff MA, Ramirez Y, Ross AH, Bruce JN, Canoll P, Siegelin MD. Combined inhibition of Bcl-2/Bcl-xL and Usp9X/Bag3 overcomes apoptotic resistance in glioblastoma in vitro and in vivo. Oncotarget 2016; 6:14507-21. [PMID: 26008975 PMCID: PMC4546483 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.3993] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2015] [Accepted: 04/10/2015] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Despite great efforts taken to advance therapeutic measures for patients with glioblastoma, the clinical prognosis remains grim. The antiapoptotic Bcl-2 family protein Mcl-1 is overexpressed in glioblastoma and represents an important resistance factor to the BH-3 mimetic ABT263. In this study, we show that combined treatment with ABT263 and GX15-070 overcomes apoptotic resistance in established glioblastoma cell lines, glioma stem-like cells and primary cultures. Moreover, this treatment regimen also proves to be advantageous in vivo. On the molecular level, GX15-070 enhanced apoptosis by posttranslational down-regulation of the deubiquitinase, Usp9X, and the chaperone Bag3, leading to a sustained depletion of Mcl-1 protein levels. Moreover, knock-down of Usp9X or Bag3 depleted endogenous Mcl-1 protein levels and in turn enhanced apoptosis induced through Bcl-2/Bcl-xL inhibition. In conclusion, combined treatment with ABT263 and GX15-070 results in a significantly enhanced anti-cancer activity in vitro as well as in vivo in the setting of glioblastoma. Both drugs, ABT263 and GX15-070 have been evaluated in clinical studies which facilitates the translational aspect of taking this combinatorial approach to the clinical setting. Furthermore we present a novel mechanism by which GX15-070 counteracts Mcl-1 expression which may lay a foundation for a novel target in cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Georg Karpel-Massler
- Department of Pathology and Cell Biology, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, USA
| | - Chang Shu
- Department of Pathology and Cell Biology, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, USA
| | - Lily Chau
- Department of Pathology and Cell Biology, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, USA
| | - Matei Banu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, USA
| | | | - Mike-Andrew Westhoff
- Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Ulm University Medical Center, Ulm, Germany
| | - Yulian Ramirez
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Alonzo H Ross
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Jeffrey N Bruce
- Department of Neurosurgery, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, USA
| | - Peter Canoll
- Department of Pathology and Cell Biology, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, USA
| | - Markus D Siegelin
- Department of Pathology and Cell Biology, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, USA
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Karpel-Massler G, Horst BA, Shu C, Chau L, Tsujiuchi T, Bruce JN, Canoll P, Greene LA, Angelastro JM, Siegelin MD. A Synthetic Cell-Penetrating Dominant-Negative ATF5 Peptide Exerts Anticancer Activity against a Broad Spectrum of Treatment-Resistant Cancers. Clin Cancer Res 2016; 22:4698-711. [PMID: 27126996 DOI: 10.1158/1078-0432.ccr-15-2827] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2015] [Accepted: 04/09/2016] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Despite significant progress in cancer research, many tumor entities still have an unfavorable prognosis. Activating transcription factor 5 (ATF5) is upregulated in various malignancies and promotes apoptotic resistance. We evaluated the efficacy and mechanisms of the first described synthetic cell-penetrating inhibitor of ATF5 function, CP-d/n-ATF5-S1. EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN Preclinical drug testing was performed in various treatment-resistant cancer cells and in vivo xenograft models. RESULTS CP-d/n-ATF5-S1 reduced the transcript levels of several known direct ATF5 targets. It depleted endogenous ATF5 and induced apoptosis across a broad panel of treatment-refractory cancer cell lines, sparing non-neoplastic cells. CP-d/n-ATF5-S1 promoted tumor cell apoptotic susceptibility in part by reducing expression of the deubiquitinase Usp9X and led to diminished levels of antiapoptotic Bcl-2 family members Mcl-1 and Bcl-2. In line with this, CP-d/n-ATF5-S1 synergistically enhanced tumor cell apoptosis induced by the BH3-mimetic ABT263 and the death ligand TRAIL. In vivo, CP-d/n-ATF5-S1 attenuated tumor growth as a single compound in glioblastoma, melanoma, prostate cancer, and triple receptor-negative breast cancer xenograft models. Finally, the combination treatment of CP-d/n-ATF5-S1 and ABT263 significantly reduced tumor growth in vivo more efficiently than each reagent on its own. CONCLUSIONS Our data support the idea that CP-d/n-ATF5-S1, administered as a single reagent or in combination with other drugs, holds promise as an innovative, safe, and efficient antineoplastic agent against treatment-resistant cancers. Clin Cancer Res; 22(18); 4698-711. ©2016 AACR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Georg Karpel-Massler
- Department of Pathology & Cell Biology, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, New York
| | - Basil A Horst
- Department of Dermatology, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, New York
| | - Chang Shu
- Department of Pathology & Cell Biology, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, New York
| | - Lily Chau
- Department of Pathology & Cell Biology, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, New York
| | - Takashi Tsujiuchi
- Department of Neurosurgery, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, New York
| | - Jeffrey N Bruce
- Department of Neurosurgery, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, New York
| | - Peter Canoll
- Department of Pathology & Cell Biology, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, New York
| | - Lloyd A Greene
- Department of Pathology & Cell Biology, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, New York
| | - James M Angelastro
- Department of Molecular Biosciences, University of California, Davis School of Veterinary Medicine, Davis, California.
| | - Markus D Siegelin
- Department of Pathology & Cell Biology, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, New York.
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Mateu-Jiménez M, Cucarull-Martínez B, Yelamos J, Barreiro E. Reduced tumor burden through increased oxidative stress in lung adenocarcinoma cells of PARP-1 and PARP-2 knockout mice. Biochimie 2015; 121:278-86. [PMID: 26700152 DOI: 10.1016/j.biochi.2015.11.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2015] [Accepted: 11/30/2015] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Lung cancer (LC) is currently a major leading cause of cancer deaths worldwide. Poly(ADP-ribose) polymerases (PARP)-1 and -2 play important roles in DNA repair and other cell functions. Oxidative stress triggers autophagy and apoptosis. PARP inhibitors are currently used as anticancer strategies including LC. We hypothesized that inhibition of either PARP-1 or -2 expressions in the host animals influences tumor burden through several biological mechanisms, mainly redox imbalance (enhanced oxidative stress and/or decreased antioxidants, and cell regulators) in wild type (WT) lung adenocarcinoma cells. Compared to WT control tumors, in those of Parp-1(-/-) and Parp-2(-/-) mice: 1) tumor burden, as measured by weight, and cell proliferation rates were decreased, 2) oxidative stress levels were greater, whereas those of the major antioxidant enzymes were lower especially catalase, 3) tumor apoptosis and autophagy levels were significantly increased, and 4) miR-223 and nuclear factor of activated T-cells (NFAT)c-2 expression was decreased (the latter only in Parp-1(-/-) mice). Furthermore, whole body weight gain at the end of the study period also improved in Parp-1(-/-) and Parp-2(-/-) mice compared to WT animals. We conclude that PARP-1 and -2 genetic deletions in the host mice induced a significant reduction in tumor burden most likely through alterations in redox balance (downregulation of antioxidants, NFATc-2 and miR223, and increased oxidative stress), which in turn led to increased apoptosis and autophagy. Furthermore, tumor progression was also reduced probably as a result of cell cycle arrest induced by PARP-1 and -2 inhibition in the host mice. These results highlight the relevance of the host status in tumor biology, at least in this experimental model of lung adenocarcinoma in mice. Future research will shed light on the effects of selective pharmacological inhibitors of PARP-1 and PARP-1 in the host and tumor burden, which could eventually be applied in actual clinical settings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mercè Mateu-Jiménez
- Pulmonology Department-Lung Cancer Research Group, IMIM-Hospital del Mar, Health and Experimental Sciences Department (CEXS), Universitat Pompeu Fabra (UPF), Barcelona Biomedical Research Park (PRBB), C/Dr. Aiguader, 88, Barcelona, Spain; Centro de Investigación en Red de Enfermedades Respiratorias (CIBERES), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Blanca Cucarull-Martínez
- Pulmonology Department-Lung Cancer Research Group, IMIM-Hospital del Mar, Health and Experimental Sciences Department (CEXS), Universitat Pompeu Fabra (UPF), Barcelona Biomedical Research Park (PRBB), C/Dr. Aiguader, 88, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Jose Yelamos
- Cancer Research Program, Hospital del Mar Medical Research Institute (IMIM), Barcelona, Spain; Centro de Investigación en Red de Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas (CIBERehd), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Esther Barreiro
- Pulmonology Department-Lung Cancer Research Group, IMIM-Hospital del Mar, Health and Experimental Sciences Department (CEXS), Universitat Pompeu Fabra (UPF), Barcelona Biomedical Research Park (PRBB), C/Dr. Aiguader, 88, Barcelona, Spain; Centro de Investigación en Red de Enfermedades Respiratorias (CIBERES), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), Barcelona, Spain.
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Deoxypodophyllotoxin triggers parthanatos in glioma cells via induction of excessive ROS. Cancer Lett 2015; 371:194-204. [PMID: 26683770 DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2015.11.044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2015] [Revised: 11/27/2015] [Accepted: 11/30/2015] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Parthanatos is a new form of programmed cell death that is regulated by hyper-activated PARP-1, and is emerging as a new strategy to kill cancer cells. Deoxypodophyllotoxin (DPT) is a natural chemical that is found to induce cancer cell death, in which the role of parthanatos is unknown. Thus, we investigated this issue in this study by using glioma cell lines and mice model of xenograft glioma. We found that DPT induced glioma cell death in vitro and inhibited the growth of xenograft glioma in vivo, which was accompanied with parthanatos-related biochemical events including expressional upregulation of PARP-1, cytoplasmic accumulation of PAR polymer, and nuclear translocation of AIF. In vitro study revealed that genetic knockdown of PARP-1 with small interfering RNA attenuated DPT-induced elevation in the cytoplasmic PAR-polymer and the nuclear AIF, as well as protected glioma cells against the toxicity of DPT. Further, antioxidant NAC, as well as PARP-1 inhibitor 3AB, not only alleviated the overproduction of ROS caused by DPT, but also reversed the above-mentioned biochemical events, maintained mitochondrial membrane potential and rescued glioma cells death. Therefore, we demonstrated that deoxypodophyllotoxin triggered parthanatos in glioma cells via induction of excessive ROS.
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