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Neumann S, Casjens S, Hoffmeyer F, Rühle K, Gamrad-Streubel L, Haase LM, Rudolph KK, Giesen J, Neumann V, Taeger D, Pallapies D, Birk T, Brüning T, Bünger J. Club cell protein (CC16) in serum as an effect marker for small airway epithelial damage caused by diesel exhaust and blasting fumes in potash mining. Int Arch Occup Environ Health 2024; 97:121-132. [PMID: 38110551 PMCID: PMC10876725 DOI: 10.1007/s00420-023-02035-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2023] [Accepted: 11/22/2023] [Indexed: 12/20/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The effect marker club cell protein (CC16) is secreted by the epithelium of the small respiratory tract into its lumen and passes into the blood. Increased amounts of CC16 in serum are observed during acute epithelial lung injury due to air pollutants. CC16 in serum was determined as part of this cross-sectional study in underground potash miners on acute and chronic health effects from exposures to diesel exhaust and blasting fumes. METHODS Nitrogen oxides, carbon monoxide, and diesel particulate matter were measured in 672 workers at a German potash mining site on a person-by-person basis over an early shift or midday shift, together with CC16 serum concentrations before and after the respective shift. CC16 concentrations and CC16 shift-differences were evaluated with respect to personal exposure measurements and other quantitative variables by Spearman rank correlation coefficients. CC16 shift-differences were modeled using multiple linear regression. Above-ground workers as reference group were compared to the exposed underground workers. RESULTS Serum concentrations of CC16 were influenced by personal characteristics such as age, smoking status, and renal function. Moreover, they showed a circadian rhythm. While no statistically significant effects of work-related exposure on CC16 concentrations were seen in never smokers, such effects were evident in current smokers. CONCLUSION The small airways of current smokers appeared to be vulnerable to the combination of measured work-related exposures and individual exposure to smoking. Therefore, as health protection of smokers exposed to diesel exhaust and blasting fumes, smoking cessation is strongly recommended.
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Affiliation(s)
- Savo Neumann
- Institute for Prevention and Occupational Medicine of the German Social Accident Insurance, Institute of the Ruhr University Bochum (IPA), Bürkle-de-la-Camp-Platz 1, 44789, Bochum, Germany.
| | - Swaantje Casjens
- Institute for Prevention and Occupational Medicine of the German Social Accident Insurance, Institute of the Ruhr University Bochum (IPA), Bürkle-de-la-Camp-Platz 1, 44789, Bochum, Germany
| | - Frank Hoffmeyer
- Institute for Prevention and Occupational Medicine of the German Social Accident Insurance, Institute of the Ruhr University Bochum (IPA), Bürkle-de-la-Camp-Platz 1, 44789, Bochum, Germany
| | - Katrin Rühle
- Environment and Health, Ramboll Deutschland GmbH, City Tower-Limbecker Platz 1, 45127, Essen, Germany
| | - Lisa Gamrad-Streubel
- Environment and Health, Ramboll Deutschland GmbH, City Tower-Limbecker Platz 1, 45127, Essen, Germany
| | - Lisa-Marie Haase
- Environment and Health, Ramboll Deutschland GmbH, City Tower-Limbecker Platz 1, 45127, Essen, Germany
| | - Katharina K Rudolph
- Environment and Health, Ramboll Deutschland GmbH, City Tower-Limbecker Platz 1, 45127, Essen, Germany
| | - Jörg Giesen
- Institute for the Research on Hazardous Substances (IGF), 44789, Bochum, Germany
| | - Volker Neumann
- Institute for the Research on Hazardous Substances (IGF), 44789, Bochum, Germany
| | - Dirk Taeger
- Institute for Prevention and Occupational Medicine of the German Social Accident Insurance, Institute of the Ruhr University Bochum (IPA), Bürkle-de-la-Camp-Platz 1, 44789, Bochum, Germany
| | - Dirk Pallapies
- Institute for Prevention and Occupational Medicine of the German Social Accident Insurance, Institute of the Ruhr University Bochum (IPA), Bürkle-de-la-Camp-Platz 1, 44789, Bochum, Germany
| | - Thomas Birk
- Environment and Health, Ramboll Deutschland GmbH, City Tower-Limbecker Platz 1, 45127, Essen, Germany
| | - Thomas Brüning
- Institute for Prevention and Occupational Medicine of the German Social Accident Insurance, Institute of the Ruhr University Bochum (IPA), Bürkle-de-la-Camp-Platz 1, 44789, Bochum, Germany
| | - Jürgen Bünger
- Institute for Prevention and Occupational Medicine of the German Social Accident Insurance, Institute of the Ruhr University Bochum (IPA), Bürkle-de-la-Camp-Platz 1, 44789, Bochum, Germany
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Rojas-Quintero J, Laucho-Contreras ME, Wang X, Fucci QA, Burkett PR, Kim SJ, Zhang D, Tesfaigzi Y, Li Y, Bhashyam AR, Li Z, Khamas H, Celli B, Pilon AL, Polverino F, Owen CA. CC16 augmentation reduces exaggerated COPD-like disease in Cc16-deficient mice. JCI Insight 2023; 8:130771. [PMID: 36787195 PMCID: PMC10070105 DOI: 10.1172/jci.insight.130771] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2019] [Accepted: 02/10/2023] [Indexed: 02/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Low Club Cell 16 kDa protein (CC16) plasma levels are linked to accelerated lung function decline in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Cigarette smoke-exposed (CS-exposed) Cc16-/- mice have exaggerated COPD-like disease associated with increased NF-κB activation in their lungs. It is unclear whether CC16 augmentation can reverse exaggerated COPD in CS-exposed Cc16-/- mice and whether increased NF-κB activation contributes to the exaggerated COPD in CS-exposed Cc16-/- lungs. CS-exposed WT and Cc16-/- mice were treated with recombinant human CC16 (rhCC16) or an NF-κB inhibitor versus vehicle beginning at the midpoint of the exposures. COPD-like disease and NF-κB activation were measured in the lungs. RhCC16 limited the progression of emphysema, small airway fibrosis, and chronic bronchitis-like disease in WT and Cc16-/- mice partly by reducing pulmonary inflammation (reducing myeloid leukocytes and/or increasing regulatory T and/or B cells) and alveolar septal cell apoptosis, reducing NF-κB activation in CS-exposed Cc16-/- lungs, and rescuing the reduced Foxj1 expression in CS-exposed Cc16-/- lungs. IMD0354 treatment reduced exaggerated lung inflammation and rescued the reduced Foxj1 expression in CS-exposed Cc16-/- mice. RhCC16 treatment reduced NF-κB activation in luciferase reporter A549 cells. Thus, rhCC16 treatment limits COPD progression in CS-exposed Cc16-/- mice partly by inhibiting NF-κB activation and represents a potentially novel therapeutic approach for COPD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joselyn Rojas-Quintero
- Section of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, Department of Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Maria Eugenia Laucho-Contreras
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
- Fundación Neumológica Colombiana, Bogotá, Colombia
| | - Xiaoyun Wang
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
- Clinical and Experimental Therapeutics program, College of Pharmacy, University of Georgia and Charlie Norwood VA Medical Center, Augusta, Georgia, USA
| | - Quynh-Anh Fucci
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Patrick R Burkett
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Se-Jin Kim
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Duo Zhang
- Clinical and Experimental Therapeutics program, College of Pharmacy, University of Georgia and Charlie Norwood VA Medical Center, Augusta, Georgia, USA
- Pulmonary Center, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Yohannes Tesfaigzi
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Yuhong Li
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Abhiram R Bhashyam
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Zhang Li
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Haider Khamas
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Bartolome Celli
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | | | - Francesca Polverino
- Section of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, Department of Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Caroline A Owen
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
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Chen M, Xu K, He Y, Jin J, Mao R, Gao L, Zhang Y, Wang G, Gao P, Xie M, Liu C, Chen Z. CC16 as an Inflammatory Biomarker in Induced Sputum Reflects Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) Severity. Int J Chron Obstruct Pulmon Dis 2023; 18:705-717. [PMID: 37139166 PMCID: PMC10150740 DOI: 10.2147/copd.s400999] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2022] [Accepted: 04/06/2023] [Indexed: 05/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Purpose The progression of an abnormal inflammatory response plays a crucial role in the lung function decline of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) patients. Compared to serum biomarkers, inflammatory biomarkers in induced sputum would be a more reliable reflection of inflammatory processes in the airways. Patients and Methods A total of 102 COPD participants were divided into a mild-to-moderate group (FEV1%pred≥ 50%, n=57) and a severe-to-very-severe group (FEV1%pred<50%, n=45). We measured a series of inflammatory biomarkers in induced sputum and analyzed their association with lung function and SGRQ in COPD patients. To evaluate the relationship between inflammatory biomarkers and the inflammatory phenotype, we also analyzed the correlation between biomarkers and airway eosinophilic phenotype. Results We found increased mRNA levels of MMP9, LTB4R, and A1AR and decreased levels of CC16 mRNA in induced sputum in the severe-to-very-severe group. After adjustment for age, sex and other biomarkers, CC16 mRNA expression was positively associated with FEV1%pred (r=0.516, p=0.004) and negatively correlated with SGRQ scores (r=-0.3538, p=0.043). As previously known, decreased CC16 was related to the migration and aggregation of eosinophils in airway. It was also found that CC16 had a moderate negative correlation with the eosinophilic inflammation in airway (r=-0.363, p=0.045) in our COPD patients. Conclusion Low CC16 mRNA expression levels in induced sputum were associated with low FEV1%pred and a high SGRQ score in COPD patients. Sputum CC16 as a potential biomarker for predicting COPD severity in clinical practice might attribute to the involvement of CC16 in airway eosinophilic inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengjie Chen
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine of Zhongshan Hospital, Shanghai Institute of Respiratory Disease, Fudan University, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
| | - Kan Xu
- Geriatric Department of Zhongshan Hospital, Shanghai Institute of Respiratory Disease, Fudan University, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yuting He
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine of Zhongshan Hospital, Shanghai Institute of Respiratory Disease, Fudan University, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jianjun Jin
- Research Center of Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
| | - Ruolin Mao
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine of Zhongshan Hospital, Shanghai Institute of Respiratory Disease, Fudan University, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
| | - Lei Gao
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine of Zhongshan Hospital, Shanghai Institute of Respiratory Disease, Fudan University, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yi Zhang
- Air Liquide Holding Co., Ltd, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
| | - Gang Wang
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, People’s Republic of China
| | - Peng Gao
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, People’s Republic of China
| | - Min Xie
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical 10 College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, People’s Republic of China
| | - Chunfang Liu
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Huashan Hospital, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
- Chunfang Liu, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Huashan Hospital, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, 12# Wlmq Road, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China, Email
| | - Zhihong Chen
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine of Zhongshan Hospital, Shanghai Institute of Respiratory Disease, Fudan University, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
- Correspondence: Zhihong Chen, Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine of Zhongshan Hospital, No. 180 Fenglin Road, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China, Tel +86-21-64041990-2445, Fax +86-21-64187165, Email
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Mao Y, Feng H. Vitamin D3 alleviates cigarette smoke extract‑mediated epithelial‑mesenchymal transition and fibrogenesis by upregulating CC16 expression in bronchial epithelial cells. Exp Ther Med 2022; 23:357. [PMID: 35493433 PMCID: PMC9019742 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2022.11284] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2021] [Accepted: 10/18/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Vitamin D3 supplementation has been previously reported to inhibit the occurrence and development of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). However, the underlying mechanism remains unclear. Epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) and fibrogenesis have been associated with the development of COPD. The aim of the present study was to investigate the potential effects and mechanism of vitamin D3 in an in vitro model of cigarette smoke (CS)-induced EMT and fibrosis, with specific focus on the role of club cell protein 16 (CC16). CS extract (CSE) at different concentrations (5, 10 and 20%) was used to treat 16-HBE cells to induce EMT and fibrogenesis following which they were treated with vitamin D3. Subsequently, the 20% CSE group was selected for further experiments, where 16-HBE cells were divided into the following five groups: The control group; the CSE group; the low-dose vitamin D3 group (250 nM); the medium-dose vitamin D3 group (500 nM); and the high-dose vitamin D3 group (1,000 nM). Western blot analysis was used to detect the protein expression levels of the EMT-related proteins E-cadherin, N-cadherin, Slug and α-SMA, fibrogenesis-related proteins collagen Ⅳ and fibronectin 1, proteins involved in the TGF-β1/SMAD3 signaling pathway and CC16. Immunofluorescence was used to measure the protein expression levels of E-cadherin, N-cadherin and collagen Ⅳ. Specific CC16 knockdown was performed using short hairpin RNA transfection to investigate the role of CC16. The results of the present study found that vitamin D3 could increase the protein expression level of CC16 to inhibit the activation of the TGF-β1/SMAD3 signaling pathway; thereby reducing the 20% increase in CSE-induced EMT- and fibrogenesis-related protein expression levels. Following CC16 knockdown, the inhibitory effects of vitamin D3 on EMT- and fibrogenesis-related protein expression were partially reversed. To conclude, these results suggest that vitamin D3 can inhibit the protein expression levels of EMT- and fibrogenesis-related proteins induced by CSE, at least partially through the function of CC16. These findings are expected to provide novel theoretical foundations and ideas for the pathogenesis and treatment of COPD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yajun Mao
- Rehabilitation Medicine Department, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310006, P.R. China
| | - Hong Feng
- Respiratory Department, The Fourth Hospital of Baotou City, Baotou, Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region 014030, P.R. China
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Mootz M, Jakwerth CA, Schmidt‐Weber CB, Zissler UM. Secretoglobins in the big picture of immunoregulation in airway diseases. Allergy 2022; 77:767-777. [PMID: 34343347 DOI: 10.1111/all.15033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2021] [Accepted: 07/31/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
The proteins of the secretoglobin (SCGB) family are expressed by secretory tissues of barrier organs. They are embedded in immunoregulatory and anti-inflammatory processes of airway diseases. This review particularly illustrates the immune regulation of SCGBs by cytokines and their implication in the pathophysiology of airway diseases. The biology of SCGBs is a complex topic of increasing importance, as they are highly abundant in the respiratory tract and can also be detected in malignant tissues and as elements of immune control. In addition, SCGBs react to cytokines, they are embedded in Th1 and Th2 immune responses, and they are expressed in a manner dependent on cell maturation. The big picture of the SCGB family identifies these factors as critical elements of innate immune control at the epithelial barriers and highlights their potential for diagnostic assessment of epithelial activity. Some members of the SCGB family have so far only been superficially examined, but have high potential for translational research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martine Mootz
- Center of Allergy & Environment (ZAUM) Technical University of Munich (TUM) and Helmholtz Center MunichGerman Research Center for Environmental Health (HMGU) Munich Germany
- Member of the German Center of Lung Research (DZL)CPC‐M Munich Germany
- Technical University of Munich (TUM)TUM School of MedicineKlinikum Rechts der Isar Munich Germany
| | - Constanze A. Jakwerth
- Center of Allergy & Environment (ZAUM) Technical University of Munich (TUM) and Helmholtz Center MunichGerman Research Center for Environmental Health (HMGU) Munich Germany
- Member of the German Center of Lung Research (DZL)CPC‐M Munich Germany
| | - Carsten B. Schmidt‐Weber
- Center of Allergy & Environment (ZAUM) Technical University of Munich (TUM) and Helmholtz Center MunichGerman Research Center for Environmental Health (HMGU) Munich Germany
- Member of the German Center of Lung Research (DZL)CPC‐M Munich Germany
| | - Ulrich M. Zissler
- Center of Allergy & Environment (ZAUM) Technical University of Munich (TUM) and Helmholtz Center MunichGerman Research Center for Environmental Health (HMGU) Munich Germany
- Member of the German Center of Lung Research (DZL)CPC‐M Munich Germany
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Gribben KC, Poole JA, Nelson AJ, Farazi PA, Wichman CS, Heires AJ, Romberger DJ, LeVan TD. Relationships of serum CC16 levels with smoking status and lung function in COPD. Respir Res 2022; 23:247. [PMID: 36114505 PMCID: PMC9479424 DOI: 10.1186/s12931-022-02158-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2022] [Accepted: 08/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The club cell secretory protein (CC16) has anti-inflammatory and antioxidant effects, and low CC16 serum levels have been associated with both risk and progression of COPD, yet the interaction between smoking and CC16 on lung function outcomes remains unknown. METHODS Utilizing cross-sectional data on United States veterans, CC16 serum concentrations were measured by ELISA and log transformed for analyses. Spirometry was conducted and COPD status was defined by post-bronchodilator FEV1/FVC ratio < 0.7. Smoking measures were self-reported on questionnaire. Multivariable logistic and linear regression were employed to examine associations between CC16 levels and COPD, and lung function with adjustment for covariates. Unadjusted Pearson correlations described relationships between CC16 level and lung function measures, pack-years smoked, and years since smoking cessation. RESULTS The study population (N = 351) was mostly male, white, with an average age over 60 years. An interaction between CC16 and smoking status on FEV1/FVC ratio was demonstrated among subjects with COPD (N = 245, p = 0.01). There was a positive correlation among former smokers and negative correlation among current or never smokers with COPD. Among former smokers with COPD, CC16 levels were also positively correlated with years since smoking cessation, and inversely related with pack-years smoked. Increasing CC16 levels were associated with lower odds of COPD (ORadj = 0.36, 95% CI 0.22-0.57, Padj < 0.0001). CONCLUSIONS Smoking status is an important effect modifier of CC16 relationships with lung function. Increasing serum CC16 corresponded to increases in FEV1/FVC ratio in former smokers with COPD versus opposite relationships in current or never smokers. Additional longitudinal studies may be warranted to assess relationship of CC16 with smoking cessation on lung function among subjects with COPD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kelli C. Gribben
- grid.266813.80000 0001 0666 4105Department of Epidemiology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198 USA
| | - Jill A. Poole
- grid.266813.80000 0001 0666 4105Division of Allergy and Immunology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198 USA
| | - Amy J. Nelson
- grid.266813.80000 0001 0666 4105Division of Allergy and Immunology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198 USA
| | - Paraskevi A. Farazi
- grid.266813.80000 0001 0666 4105Department of Epidemiology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198 USA
| | - Christopher S. Wichman
- grid.266813.80000 0001 0666 4105Department of Biostatistics, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198 USA
| | - Art J. Heires
- grid.266813.80000 0001 0666 4105Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198 USA
| | - Debra J. Romberger
- grid.266813.80000 0001 0666 4105Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198 USA ,grid.478099.b0000 0004 0420 0296VA Nebraska Western Iowa Healthcare System, Omaha, NE 68105 USA
| | - Tricia D. LeVan
- grid.266813.80000 0001 0666 4105Department of Epidemiology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198 USA ,grid.266813.80000 0001 0666 4105Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198 USA ,grid.478099.b0000 0004 0420 0296VA Nebraska Western Iowa Healthcare System, Omaha, NE 68105 USA
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Chau B, Witten ML, Cromey D, Chen Y, Lantz RC. Lung developmental is altered after inhalation exposure to various concentrations of calcium arsenate. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 2021; 432:115754. [PMID: 34634286 PMCID: PMC8572171 DOI: 10.1016/j.taap.2021.115754] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2021] [Revised: 09/30/2021] [Accepted: 10/05/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Exposure to dust from active and abandoned mining operations may be a very significant health hazard, especially to sensitive populations. We have previously reported that inhalation of real-world mine tailing dusts during lung development can alter lung function and structure in adult male mice. These real-world dusts contain a mixture of metal(loid)s, including arsenic. To determine whether arsenic in inhaled dust plays a role in altering lung development, we exposed C57Bl/6 mice to a background dust (0 arsenic) or to the background dust containing either 3% or 10% by mass, calcium arsenate. Total level of exposure was kept at 100 μg/m3. Calcium arsenate was selected since arsenate is the predominant species found in mine tailings. We found that inhalation exposure during in utero and postnatal lung development led to significant increases in pulmonary baseline resistance, airway hyper-reactivity, and airway collagen and smooth muscle expression in male C57Bl/6 mice. Responses were dependent on the level of calcium arsenate in the simulated dust. These changes were not associated with increased expression of TGF-β1, a marker of epithelial to mesenchymal transition. However, responses were correlated with decreases in the expression of club cell protein 16 (CC16). Dose-dependent decreases in CC16 expression and increases in collagen around airways was seen for animals exposed in utero only (GD), animals exposed postnatally only (PN) and animals continuously exposed throughout development (GDPN). These data suggest that arsenic inhalation during lung development can decrease CC16 expression leading to functional and structural alterations in the adult lung.
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Affiliation(s)
- Binh Chau
- Department of Cellular & Molecular Medicine, University of Arizona College of Medicine, Tucson, AZ 85719, United States of America.
| | - Mark L Witten
- Phoenix Biometrics, Inc., Tucson, AZ 85710, United States of America
| | - Doug Cromey
- Department of Cellular & Molecular Medicine, University of Arizona College of Medicine, Tucson, AZ 85719, United States of America.
| | - Yin Chen
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Arizona College of Pharmacy, United States of America.
| | - R Clark Lantz
- Department of Cellular & Molecular Medicine, University of Arizona College of Medicine, Tucson, AZ 85719, United States of America.
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Veerapaneni VV, Upadhyay S, Thimraj TA, Siddaiah JB, Krishnarao CS, Lokesh KS, Thimmulappa R, Palmberg L, Ganguly K, Anand MP. Circulating Secretoglobin Family 1A Member 1 (SCGB1A1) Levels as a Marker of Biomass Smoke Induced Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease. TOXICS 2021; 9:toxics9090208. [PMID: 34564359 PMCID: PMC8472904 DOI: 10.3390/toxics9090208] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2021] [Revised: 08/12/2021] [Accepted: 08/14/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Secretoglobin family 1A member 1 (SCGB1A1) alternatively known as club cell protein 16 is a protective pneumo-protein. Decreased serum levels of SCGB1A1 have been associated with tobacco smoke induced chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (TS-COPD). Exposure to biomass smoke (BMS) is an important COPD risk factor among women in low and lower-middle income countries. Therefore, in a cross-sectional study (n = 50/group; total 200 subjects) we assessed serum SCGB1A1 levels in BMS-COPD subjects (11 male, 39 female) compared to TS-COPD (all male) along with TS-CONTROL (asymptomatic smokers, all male) and healthy controls (29 male, 21 female) in an Indian population. Normal and chronic bronchitis like bronchial mucosa models developed at the air–liquid interface using human primary bronchial epithelial cells (3 donors, and three replicates per donor) were exposed to cigarette smoke condensate (CSC; 0.25, 0.5, and 1%) to assess SCGB1A1 transcript expression and protein secretion. Significantly (p < 0.0001) decreased serum SCGB1A1 concentrations (median, interquartile range, ng/mL) were detected in both BMS-COPD (1.6; 1.3–2.4) and TS-COPD (1.8; 1.4–2.5) subjects compared to TS-CONTROL (3.3; 2.9–3.5) and healthy controls (5.1; 4.5–7.2). The levels of SCGB1A1 were positively correlated (r = 0.7–0.8; p < 0.0001) with forced expiratory volume in 1 s, forced vital capacity, their ratios, and exercise capacity. The findings are also consistent within the BMS-COPD sub-group as well. Significantly (p < 0.03) decreased SCGB1A1 concentrations were detected with severity of COPD, dyspnea, quality of life, and mortality indicators. In vitro studies demonstrated significantly (p < 0.05) decreased SCGB1A1 transcript and/or protein levels following CSC exposure. Circulating SCGB1A1 levels may therefore also be considered as a potent marker of BMS-COPD and warrant studies in larger independent cohorts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vivek Vardhan Veerapaneni
- Department of Pulmonary Medicine, JSS Medical College and Hospital, JSS Academy of Higher Education and Research, Mysuru 570015, India; (V.V.V.); (J.B.S.); (C.S.K.); (K.S.L.)
| | - Swapna Upadhyay
- Unit of Integrative Toxicology, Institute of Environmental Medicine (IMM), Karolinska Institutet, 17177 Stockholm, Sweden; (S.U.); (T.A.T.); (L.P.)
| | - Tania A. Thimraj
- Unit of Integrative Toxicology, Institute of Environmental Medicine (IMM), Karolinska Institutet, 17177 Stockholm, Sweden; (S.U.); (T.A.T.); (L.P.)
| | - Jayaraj Biligere Siddaiah
- Department of Pulmonary Medicine, JSS Medical College and Hospital, JSS Academy of Higher Education and Research, Mysuru 570015, India; (V.V.V.); (J.B.S.); (C.S.K.); (K.S.L.)
| | - Chaya Sindaghatta Krishnarao
- Department of Pulmonary Medicine, JSS Medical College and Hospital, JSS Academy of Higher Education and Research, Mysuru 570015, India; (V.V.V.); (J.B.S.); (C.S.K.); (K.S.L.)
| | - Komarla Sundararaja Lokesh
- Department of Pulmonary Medicine, JSS Medical College and Hospital, JSS Academy of Higher Education and Research, Mysuru 570015, India; (V.V.V.); (J.B.S.); (C.S.K.); (K.S.L.)
| | - Rajesh Thimmulappa
- Department of Biochemistry, JSS Medical College and Hospital, JSS Academy of Higher Education and Research, Mysuru 570015, India;
| | - Lena Palmberg
- Unit of Integrative Toxicology, Institute of Environmental Medicine (IMM), Karolinska Institutet, 17177 Stockholm, Sweden; (S.U.); (T.A.T.); (L.P.)
| | - Koustav Ganguly
- Unit of Integrative Toxicology, Institute of Environmental Medicine (IMM), Karolinska Institutet, 17177 Stockholm, Sweden; (S.U.); (T.A.T.); (L.P.)
- Correspondence: (K.G.); (M.P.A.)
| | - Mahesh Padukudru Anand
- Department of Pulmonary Medicine, JSS Medical College and Hospital, JSS Academy of Higher Education and Research, Mysuru 570015, India; (V.V.V.); (J.B.S.); (C.S.K.); (K.S.L.)
- Correspondence: (K.G.); (M.P.A.)
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9
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Abstract
Cigarette smoking is the major culprit of chronic lung diseases and the most dominant risk factor for the development of both lung cancer and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). In addition, chronic inflammation has been shown to increase the risk of lung cancer and COPD in clinical and epidemiological studies. For pulmonary disease-related research, mice are the most commonly used model system. Multiple lung cancer mouse models driven by targeted genetic alterations are used to evaluate the critical roles of oncogenes and tumor suppressor genes. These models are useful in addressing lung tumorigenesis associated with specific genetic changes, but they are not able to provide a global insight into cigarette smoke-induced carcinogenesis. To fill this knowledge gap, we developed a lung cancer model by treating mice with cigarette smoke carcinogen nitrosamine 4-(methylnitrosamino)-1-(3-pyridyl)-1-butanone (NNK) with/without repeated lipopolysaccharides (LPS) exposure in order to determine the role of chronic inflammation in lung tumorigenesis. Notably, combined LPS/NNK treatment increased tumor number, tumor incidence, and tumor area compared to NNK treatment alone. Therefore, this model offers a feasible approach to investigate lung cancer development on a more global level, determine the role of inflammation in carcinogenesis, and provide a tool for evaluating chemoprevention and immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marissa E Di
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, United States
| | - Beth Kahkonen
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, United States
| | - Chia-Hsin Liu
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, United States
| | - Yuanpu Peter Di
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, United States.
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10
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Almuntashiri S, Zhu Y, Han Y, Wang X, Somanath PR, Zhang D. Club Cell Secreted Protein CC16: Potential Applications in Prognosis and Therapy for Pulmonary Diseases. J Clin Med 2020; 9:jcm9124039. [PMID: 33327505 PMCID: PMC7764992 DOI: 10.3390/jcm9124039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2020] [Revised: 12/03/2020] [Accepted: 12/11/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Club cell secretory protein (CC16) is encoded by the SCGB1A1 gene. It is also known as CC10, secretoglobin, or uteroglobin. CC16 is a 16 kDa homodimeric protein secreted primarily by the non-ciliated bronchial epithelial cells, which can be detected in the airways, circulation, sputum, nasal fluid, and urine. The biological activities of CC16 and its pathways have not been completely understood, but many studies suggest that CC16 has anti-inflammatory and anti-oxidative effects. The human CC16 gene is located on chromosome 11, p12-q13, where several regulatory genes of allergy and inflammation exist. Studies reveal that factors such as gender, age, obesity, renal function, diurnal variation, and exercise regulate CC16 levels in circulation. Current findings indicate CC16 not only may reflect the pathogenesis of pulmonary diseases, but also could serve as a potential biomarker in several lung diseases and a promising treatment for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). In this review, we summarize our current understanding of CC16 in pulmonary diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sultan Almuntashiri
- Clinical and Experimental Therapeutics, College of Pharmacy, University of Georgia and Charlie Norwood VA Medical Center, Augusta, GA 30912, USA; (S.A.); (Y.Z.); (Y.H.); (P.R.S.)
| | - Yin Zhu
- Clinical and Experimental Therapeutics, College of Pharmacy, University of Georgia and Charlie Norwood VA Medical Center, Augusta, GA 30912, USA; (S.A.); (Y.Z.); (Y.H.); (P.R.S.)
| | - Yohan Han
- Clinical and Experimental Therapeutics, College of Pharmacy, University of Georgia and Charlie Norwood VA Medical Center, Augusta, GA 30912, USA; (S.A.); (Y.Z.); (Y.H.); (P.R.S.)
| | - Xiaoyun Wang
- Center for Vaccines and Immunology, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602, USA;
| | - Payaningal R. Somanath
- Clinical and Experimental Therapeutics, College of Pharmacy, University of Georgia and Charlie Norwood VA Medical Center, Augusta, GA 30912, USA; (S.A.); (Y.Z.); (Y.H.); (P.R.S.)
- Department of Medicine, Augusta University, Augusta, GA 30912, USA
| | - Duo Zhang
- Clinical and Experimental Therapeutics, College of Pharmacy, University of Georgia and Charlie Norwood VA Medical Center, Augusta, GA 30912, USA; (S.A.); (Y.Z.); (Y.H.); (P.R.S.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +1-706-721-6491; Fax: +1-706-721-3994
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11
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Yang YY, Lin CJ, Wang CC, Chen CM, Kao WJ, Chen YH. Consecutive Hypoxia Decreases Expression of NOTCH3, HEY1, CC10, and FOXJ1 via NKX2-1 Downregulation and Intermittent Hypoxia-Reoxygenation Increases Expression of BMP4, NOTCH1, MKI67, OCT4, and MUC5AC via HIF1A Upregulation in Human Bronchial Epithelial Cells. Front Cell Dev Biol 2020; 8:572276. [PMID: 33015064 PMCID: PMC7500169 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2020.572276] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2020] [Accepted: 08/17/2020] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Previous studies have shown that the experimental models of hypoxia-reoxygenation (H/R) mimics the physiological conditions of ischemia-reperfusion and induce oxidative stress and injury in various types of organs, tissues, and cells, both in vivo and in vitro, including human lung adenocarcinoma epithelial cells. Nonetheless, it had not been reported whether H/R affected proliferation, apoptosis, and expression of stem/progenitor cell markers in the bronchial epithelial cells. In this study, we investigated differential effects of consecutive hypoxia and intermittent 24/24-h cycles of H/R on human bronchial epithelial (HBE) cells derived from the same-race and age-matched healthy subjects (i.e., NHBE) and subjects with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) (i.e., DHBE). To analyze gene/protein expression during differentiation, both the NHBE and DHBE cells at the 2nd passage were cultured at the air-liquid interface (ALI) in the differentiation medium under normoxia for 3 days, followed by either culturing under hypoxia (1% O2) for consecutively 9 days and then returning to normoxia for another 9 days, or culturing under 24/24-h cycles of H/R (i.e., 24 h of 1% O2 followed by 24 h of 21% O2, repetitively) for 18 days in total, so that all differentiating HBE cells were exposed to hypoxia for a total of 9 days. In both the normal and diseased HBE cells, intermittent H/R significantly increased HIF1A, BMP4, NOTCH1, MKI67, OCT4, and MUC5AC expression, while consecutive hypoxia significantly decreased NKX2-1, NOTCH3, HEY1, CC10, and FOXJ1 expression. Inhibition of HIF1A or NKX2-1 expression by siRNA transfection respectively decreased BMP4/NOTCH1/MKI67/OCT4/MUC5AC and NOTCH3/HEY1/CC10/FOXJ1 expression in the HBE cells cultured under intermittent H/R to the same levels under normoxia. Overexpression of NKX2-1 via cDNA transfection caused more than 2.8-fold increases in NOTCH3, HEY1, and FOXJ1 mRNA levels in the HBE cells cultured under consecutive hypoxia compared to the levels under normoxia. Taken together, our results show for the first time that consecutive hypoxia decreased expression of the co-regulated gene module NOTCH3/HEY1/CC10 and the ciliogenesis-inducing transcription factor gene FOXJ1 via NKX2-1 mRNA downregulation, while intermittent H/R increased expression of the co-regulated gene module BMP4/NOTCH1/MKI67/OCT4 and the predominant airway mucin gene MUC5AC via HIF1A mRNA upregulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yung-Yu Yang
- Department of General Medicine, Tri-Service General Hospital, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chao-Ju Lin
- Graduate Institute of Aerospace and Undersea Medicine, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Cheng-Chin Wang
- Graduate Institute of Aerospace and Undersea Medicine, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan.,Section of Respiratory Therapy, Rueifang Miner Hospital, New Taipei City, Taiwan
| | - Chieh-Min Chen
- Graduate Institute of Microbiology and Immunology, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Wen-Jen Kao
- Graduate Institute of Aerospace and Undersea Medicine, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Hui Chen
- Graduate Institute of Aerospace and Undersea Medicine, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan
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12
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Parekh KR, Nawroth J, Pai A, Busch SM, Senger CN, Ryan AL. Stem cells and lung regeneration. Am J Physiol Cell Physiol 2020; 319:C675-C693. [PMID: 32783658 PMCID: PMC7654650 DOI: 10.1152/ajpcell.00036.2020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2020] [Revised: 08/03/2020] [Accepted: 08/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
The ability to replace defective cells in an airway with cells that can engraft, integrate, and restore a functional epithelium could potentially cure a number of lung diseases. Progress toward the development of strategies to regenerate the adult lung by either in vivo or ex vivo targeting of endogenous stem cells or pluripotent stem cell derivatives is limited by our fundamental lack of understanding of the mechanisms controlling human lung development, the precise identity and function of human lung stem and progenitor cell types, and the genetic and epigenetic control of human lung fate. In this review, we intend to discuss the known stem/progenitor cell populations, their relative differences between rodents and humans, their roles in chronic lung disease, and their therapeutic prospects. Additionally, we highlight the recent breakthroughs that have increased our understanding of these cell types. These advancements include novel lineage-traced animal models and single-cell RNA sequencing of human airway cells, which have provided critical information on the stem cell subtypes, transition states, identifying cell markers, and intricate pathways that commit a stem cell to differentiate or to maintain plasticity. As our capacity to model the human lung evolves, so will our understanding of lung regeneration and our ability to target endogenous stem cells as a therapeutic approach for lung disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kalpaj R Parekh
- Department Surgery, Division of Cardiothoracic Surgery, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa
| | - Janna Nawroth
- Hastings Center for Pulmonary Research, Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California
| | - Albert Pai
- Department Surgery, Division of Cardiothoracic Surgery, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa
| | - Shana M Busch
- Hastings Center for Pulmonary Research, Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California
| | - Christiana N Senger
- Hastings Center for Pulmonary Research, Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California
| | - Amy L Ryan
- Hastings Center for Pulmonary Research, Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California
- Department of Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California
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13
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Xu M, Yang W, Wang X, Nayak DK. Lung Secretoglobin Scgb1a1 Influences Alveolar Macrophage-Mediated Inflammation and Immunity. Front Immunol 2020; 11:584310. [PMID: 33117399 PMCID: PMC7558713 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2020.584310] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2020] [Accepted: 09/07/2020] [Indexed: 01/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Alveolar macrophage (AM) is a mononuclear phagocyte key to the defense against respiratory infections. To understand AM’s role in airway disease development, we examined the influence of Secretoglobin family 1a member 1 (SCGB1A1), a pulmonary surfactant protein, on AM development and function. In a murine model, high-throughput RNA-sequencing and gene expression analyses were performed on purified AMs isolated from mice lacking in Scgb1a1 gene and were compared with that from mice expressing the wild type Scgb1a1 at weaning (4 week), puberty (8 week), early adult (12 week), and middle age (40 week). AMs from early adult mice under Scgb1a1 sufficiency demonstrated a total of 37 up-regulated biological pathways compared to that at weaning, from which 30 were directly involved with antigen presentation, anti-viral immunity and inflammation. Importantly, these pathways under Scgb1a1 deficiency were significantly down-regulated compared to that in the age-matched Scgb1a1-sufficient counterparts. Furthermore, AMs from Scgb1a1-deficient mice showed an early activation of inflammatory pathways compared with that from Scgb1a1-sufficient mice. Our in vitro experiments with AM culture established that exogenous supplementation of SCGB1a1 protein significantly reduced AM responses to microbial stimuli where SCGB1a1 was effective in blunting the release of cytokines and chemokines (including IL-1b, IL-6, IL-8, MIP-1a, TNF-a, and MCP-1). Taken together, these findings suggest an important role for Scgb1a1 in shaping the AM-mediated inflammation and immune responses, and in mitigating cytokine surges in the lungs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min Xu
- Department of Surgery, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, United States
| | - Wei Yang
- Department of Genetics, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, United States
| | - Xuanchuan Wang
- Department of Urology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Deepak Kumar Nayak
- Interdisciplinary Oncology, University of Arizona College of Medicine, Phoenix, AZ, United States
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14
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Hammouz RY, Kostanek JK, Dudzisz A, Witas P, Orzechowska M, Bednarek AK. Differential expression of lung adenocarcinoma transcriptome with signature of tobacco exposure. J Appl Genet 2020; 61:421-437. [PMID: 32564237 PMCID: PMC7413900 DOI: 10.1007/s13353-020-00569-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2020] [Revised: 05/12/2020] [Accepted: 06/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Smoking accounts for almost 80-90% of lung cancer cases, which is also the most frequent cause of cancer-related deaths in humans. With over 60 carcinogens in tobacco smoke, cells dividing at the time of carcinogen exposure are at particular risk of neoplasia. The present study aimed to investigate global gene expression differences in lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) tumour samples of current smokers and non-smokers, in an attempt to elucidate biological mechanisms underlying divergent smoking effects. Current and non-smoker tumour samples were analysed using bioinformatics tools, examining differences in molecular drivers of cancer initiation and progression, as well as evaluating the effect of smoking and sex on epithelial mesenchymal transition (EMT). As a result, we identified 1150 differentially expressed genes showing visible differences in the expression profiles between the smoking subgroups. The genes were primarily involved in cell cycle, DNA replication, DNA repair, VEGF, GnRH, ErbB and T cell receptor signalling pathways. Our results show that smoking clearly affected E2F transcriptional activity and DNA repair pathways including mismatch repair, base excision repair and homologous recombination. We observed that sex could modify the effects of PLA2G2A and PRG4 in LUAD tumour samples, whereas sex and smoking status might possibly have a biological effect on the EMT-related genes: HEY2, OLFM1, SFRP1 and STRAP. We also identified potential epigenetic changes smoking solely might have on EMT-related genes, which may serve as potential diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers for LUAD patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raneem Y. Hammouz
- Department of Molecular Carcinogenesis, Medical University of Lodz, Zeligowskiego 7/9, 90-752 Lodz, Poland
| | - Joanna K. Kostanek
- Department of Molecular Carcinogenesis, Medical University of Lodz, Zeligowskiego 7/9, 90-752 Lodz, Poland
| | - Aleksandra Dudzisz
- Department of Molecular Carcinogenesis, Medical University of Lodz, Zeligowskiego 7/9, 90-752 Lodz, Poland
| | - Piotr Witas
- Department of Molecular Carcinogenesis, Medical University of Lodz, Zeligowskiego 7/9, 90-752 Lodz, Poland
| | - Magdalena Orzechowska
- Department of Molecular Carcinogenesis, Medical University of Lodz, Zeligowskiego 7/9, 90-752 Lodz, Poland
| | - Andrzej K. Bednarek
- Department of Molecular Carcinogenesis, Medical University of Lodz, Zeligowskiego 7/9, 90-752 Lodz, Poland
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15
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Kato K, Chang EH, Chen Y, Lu W, Kim MM, Niihori M, Hecker L, Kim KC. MUC1 contributes to goblet cell metaplasia and MUC5AC expression in response to cigarette smoke in vivo. Am J Physiol Lung Cell Mol Physiol 2020; 319:L82-L90. [PMID: 32401676 DOI: 10.1152/ajplung.00049.2019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Goblet cell metaplasia (GCM) and mucin overproduction are a hallmark of chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS) and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). In the airways, cigarette smoke (CS) induces activation of the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) leading to GCM and overexpression of the gel-forming mucin MUC5AC. Although previous studies have demonstrated that a membrane-bound mucin, MUC1, modulates the activation of CS-induced EGFR, the role of MUC1 in CS-induced GCM and mucin overproduction has not been explored. In response to CS exposure, wild-type (WT) rats displayed Muc1 translocation from the apical surface of airway epithelium to the intracellular compartment of hyperplastic intermediate cells, EGFR phosphorylation, GCM, and Muc5ac overproduction. Similarly, human CRS sinonasal tissues demonstrated hyperplasia of intermediate cells enriched with MUC1 in the intracellular compartment, which was accompanied by GCM and increased MUC5AC expression. To further evaluate the role of Muc1 in vivo, a Muc1 knockout (KO) rat (MUC in humans and Muc in animals) was developed. In contrast to WT littermates, Muc1-KO rats exhibited no activation of EGFR, and were protected from GCM and Muc5ac overproduction. Genetic knockdown of MUC1 in human lung or Muc1 knockout in primary rat airway epithelial cells led to significantly diminished EGF-induced MUC5AC production. Together, these findings suggest that MUC1-dependent EGFR activation mediates CS-induced GCM and mucin overproduction. Strategies designed to suppress MUC1-dependent EGFR activation may provide a novel therapeutic approach for treating mucin hypersecretion in CRS and COPD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kosuke Kato
- Department of Medicine, Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, University of Arizona College of Medicine, Tucson, Arizona
| | - Eugene H Chang
- Department of Otolaryngology, University of Arizona College of Medicine, Tucson, Arizona
| | - Yin Chen
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Arizona College of Pharmacy, Tucson, Arizona
| | - Wenju Lu
- Department of Medicine, National Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Marianne M Kim
- Department of Otolaryngology, University of Arizona College of Medicine, Tucson, Arizona
| | - Maki Niihori
- Department of Otolaryngology, University of Arizona College of Medicine, Tucson, Arizona
| | - Louise Hecker
- Department of Medicine, Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, University of Arizona College of Medicine, Tucson, Arizona.,Southern Arizona Veterans Affairs Health Care System, Tucson, Arizona
| | - Kwang Chul Kim
- Department of Otolaryngology, University of Arizona College of Medicine, Tucson, Arizona
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16
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Rong B, Fu T, Gao W, Li M, Rong C, Liu W, Liu H. Reduced Serum Concentration of CC16 Is Associated with Severity of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease and Contributes to the Diagnosis and Assessment of the Disease. Int J Chron Obstruct Pulmon Dis 2020; 15:461-470. [PMID: 32184583 PMCID: PMC7060081 DOI: 10.2147/copd.s230323] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2019] [Accepted: 01/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The aim of this study was to reveal the correlations between serum concentration of Clara cell secretory protein (CC16) and clinical parameters of stable chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Patients and Methods Serum concentration of CC16 was determined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). The correlations between serum concentration of CC16 and clinical parameters was performed by linear correlation analysis and multiple linear regression analysis. The sensitivity and specificity of serum CC16 for differential diagnosis of COPD were determined by receiver operator characteristic curve (ROC). Results The serum concentration of CC16 was down-regulated in stable COPD patients compared with healthy control group (p < 0.05). The decreased serum CC16 was negatively related to smoking (p < 0.05), GOLD grading (p < 0.005), mMRC score (p < 0.05) and medical history (p < 0.05) of patients, but positively correlated with pulmonary function (p < 0.05). The smoking, FEV1/FVC values, COPD grading and mMRC scores all affected the concentration of CC16 (p < 0.05). The decreased CC16 was an independent risk factor in the process of deterioration of lung function. The sensitivity and specificity of serum CC16 for identifying COPD reached to 65.3% and 75%. Conclusion Decreased serum concentration of CC16 correlated with the disease progression of COPD, suggesting that it can be used as an indicator contributing to the diagnosis and assessment of COPD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Biaoxue Rong
- Department of Oncology and Gerontology, First Affiliated Hospital, Xi'an Medical University, Xi'an, People's Republic of China
| | - Tian Fu
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Jining No.1 People's Hospital, Jining, People's Republic of China
| | - Wenlong Gao
- Institute of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Min Li
- Nursing Department, Binhe New District Branch, Shenmu Hospital, Yulin City, Shaanxi, People's Republic of China
| | - Congxue Rong
- Comprehensive Medical Department, Zhangye Second People Hospital, Zhangye, People's Republic of China
| | - Wen Liu
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Minqin County People's Hospital, Minqin, People's Republic of China
| | - Hua Liu
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Gansu Provincial Hospital, Lanzhou, People's Republic of China
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17
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Zhu L, An L, Ran D, Lizarraga R, Bondy C, Zhou X, Harper RW, Liao SY, Chen Y. The Club Cell Marker SCGB1A1 Downstream of FOXA2 is Reduced in Asthma. Am J Respir Cell Mol Biol 2020; 60:695-704. [PMID: 30576223 DOI: 10.1165/rcmb.2018-0199oc] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Human SCGB1A1 protein has been shown to be significantly reduced in BAL, sputum, and serum from humans with asthma as compared with healthy individuals. However, the mechanism of this reduction and its functional impact have not been entirely elucidated. By mining online datasets, we found that the mRNA of SCGB1A1 was significantly repressed in brushed human airway epithelial cells from individuals with asthma, and this repression appeared to be associated with reduced expression of FOXA2. Consistently, both Scgb1A1 and FoxA2 were downregulated in an ovalbumin-induced mouse model of asthma. Furthermore, compared with wild-type mice, Scgb1a1 knockout mice had increased airway hyperreactivity and inflammation when they were exposed to ovalbumin, confirming the antiinflammatory role of Scgb1a1 in protection against asthma phenotypes. To search for potential asthma-related stimuli of SCGB1A1 repression, we tested T-helper cell type 2 cytokines. Both IL-4 and IL-13 repressed epithelial expression of SCGB1A1 and FOXA2. Importantly, infection of epithelial cells with human rhinovirus similarly reduced expression of these two genes, which suggests that FOXA2 may be the common regulator of SCGB1A1. To establish the causal role of reduced FOXA2 in SCGB1A1 repression, we demonstrated that FOXA2 was required for SCGB1A1 expression at baseline. FOXA2 overexpression was sufficient to drive promoter activity and expression of SCGB1A1 and was also able to restore the repressed SCGB1A1 expression in IL-13-treated or rhinovirus-infected cells. Taken together, these findings suggest that low levels of epithelial SCGB1A1 in asthma are caused by reduced FOXA2 expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lingxiang Zhu
- 1 Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Pharmacy
| | - Lingling An
- 2 Department of Epidemiology Biostatistics.,3 Interdisciplinary Program in Statistics.,4 Department of Biosystems Engineering, and
| | - Di Ran
- 2 Department of Epidemiology Biostatistics
| | - Rosa Lizarraga
- 1 Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Pharmacy
| | - Cheryl Bondy
- 1 Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Pharmacy
| | - Xu Zhou
- 1 Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Pharmacy
| | - Richart W Harper
- 5 Department of Internal Medicine, University of California, Davis, California
| | - Shu-Yi Liao
- 5 Department of Internal Medicine, University of California, Davis, California
| | - Yin Chen
- 1 Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Pharmacy.,6 Asthma and Airway Disease Research Center, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona; and
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18
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Chaumont M, Tagliatti V, Channan EM, Colet JM, Bernard A, Morra S, Deprez G, Van Muylem A, Debbas N, Schaefer T, Faoro V, van de Borne P. Short halt in vaping modifies cardiorespiratory parameters and urine metabolome: a randomized trial. Am J Physiol Lung Cell Mol Physiol 2019; 318:L331-L344. [PMID: 31721596 PMCID: PMC7052663 DOI: 10.1152/ajplung.00268.2019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Propylene glycol and glycerol are e-cigarette constituents that facilitate liquid vaporization and nicotine transport. As these small hydrophilic molecules quickly cross the lung epithelium, we hypothesized that short-term cessation of vaping in regular users would completely clear aerosol deposit from the lungs and reverse vaping-induced cardiorespiratory toxicity. We aimed to assess the acute effects of vaping and their reversibility on biological/clinical cardiorespiratory parameters [serum/urine pneumoproteins, hemodynamic parameters, lung-function test and diffusing capacities, transcutaneous gas tensions (primary outcome), and skin microcirculatory blood flow]. Regular e-cigarette users were enrolled in this randomized, investigator-blinded, three-period crossover study. The periods consisted of nicotine-vaping (nicotine-session), nicotine-free vaping (nicotine-free-session), and complete cessation of vaping (stop-session), all maintained for 5 days before the session began. Multiparametric metabolomic analyses were used to verify subjects' protocol compliance. Biological/clinical cardiorespiratory parameters were assessed at the beginning of each session (baseline) and after acute vaping exposure. Compared with the nicotine- and nicotine-free-sessions, a specific metabolomic signature characterized the stop-session. Baseline serum club cell protein-16 was higher during the stop-session than the other sessions (P < 0.01), and heart rate was higher in the nicotine-session (P < 0.001). Compared with acute sham-vaping in the stop-session, acute nicotine-vaping (nicotine-session) and acute nicotine-free vaping (nicotine-free-session) slightly decreased skin oxygen tension (P < 0.05). In regular e-cigarette-users, short-term vaping cessation seemed to shift baseline urine metabolome and increased serum club cell protein-16 concentration, suggesting a decrease in lung inflammation. Additionally, acute vaping with and without nicotine decreased slightly transcutaneous oxygen tension, likely as a result of lung gas exchanges disturbances.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martin Chaumont
- Department of Cardiology, Erasme University Hospital, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium.,Institute for Translational Research in Cardiovascular and Respiratory Sciences, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Vanessa Tagliatti
- Department of Human Biology and Toxicology, University of Mons, Mons, Belgium
| | - El Mehdi Channan
- Department of Cardiology, Erasme University Hospital, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium.,Institute for Translational Research in Cardiovascular and Respiratory Sciences, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Jean-Marie Colet
- Department of Human Biology and Toxicology, University of Mons, Mons, Belgium
| | - Alfred Bernard
- Laboratory of Toxicology and Applied Pharmacology, Institute of Experimental and Clinical Research, Université Catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Sofia Morra
- Department of Cardiology, Erasme University Hospital, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium.,Institute for Translational Research in Cardiovascular and Respiratory Sciences, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Guillaume Deprez
- Department of Clinical Chemistry, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Alain Van Muylem
- Chest Department, Erasme University Hospital, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Nadia Debbas
- Department of Cardiology, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Saint-Pierre, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Thomas Schaefer
- Cardio-Pulmonary Exercise Laboratory, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Vitalie Faoro
- Cardio-Pulmonary Exercise Laboratory, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Philippe van de Borne
- Department of Cardiology, Erasme University Hospital, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium.,Institute for Translational Research in Cardiovascular and Respiratory Sciences, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium
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19
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Malvin NP, Kern JT, Liu TC, Brody SL, Stappenbeck TS. Autophagy proteins are required for club cell structure and function in airways. Am J Physiol Lung Cell Mol Physiol 2019; 317:L259-L270. [PMID: 31116580 DOI: 10.1152/ajplung.00394.2018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Epithelial cells that line lung airways produce and secrete proteins with important roles in barrier function and host defense. Secretion of airway goblet cells is controlled by autophagy proteins during inflammatory conditions, resulting in accumulation of mucin proteins. We hypothesized that autophagy proteins would also be important in the function of club cells, dominant secretory airway epithelial cells that are dysregulated in chronic lung disease. We found that in the absence of an inflammatory stimulus, mice with club cells deficient for the autophagy protein Atg5 had a markedly diminished expression of secreted host defense proteins secretoglobulin family 1A, member 1 (Scgb1a1) and surfactant proteins A1 and D (Sftpa1 and Sftpd), as well as abnormal club cell morphology. Adult mice with targeted loss of Atg5 also showed diminished levels of host defense proteins in regenerating cells following ablation with naphthalene. A mouse strain with global deficiency of Atg16-like 1 (Atg16l1), an Atg5 binding partner, had a similar loss of host defense proteins and abnormal club cell morphology. Cigarette smoke exposure reduced levels of Scgb1a1 in wild-type mice as expected. Smoke exposure was not required to trigger club cell abnormalities in mice bearing the human ATG16 variant Atg16l1T300A/T300A, which had low Scgb1a1 levels independent of this environmental stress. Evaluation of lung tissues from former smokers with severe chronic obstructive pulmonary disease showed evidence of reduced autophagy and SCGB1A1 expression in club cells. Thus, autophagy proteins are required for the function of club cells, independent of the cellular stress of cigarette smoke, with roles that appear to be distinct from those of other secretory cell types.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicole P Malvin
- Department of Pathology and Immunology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri
| | - Justin T Kern
- Department of Pathology and Immunology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri
| | - Ta-Chiang Liu
- Department of Pathology and Immunology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri
| | - Steven L Brody
- Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri
| | - Thaddeus S Stappenbeck
- Department of Pathology and Immunology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri
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20
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Zhai J, Insel M, Addison KJ, Stern DA, Pederson W, Dy A, Rojas-Quintero J, Owen CA, Sherrill DL, Morgan W, Wright AL, Halonen M, Martinez FD, Kraft M, Guerra S, Ledford JG. Club Cell Secretory Protein Deficiency Leads to Altered Lung Function. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 2019; 199:302-312. [PMID: 30543455 PMCID: PMC6363971 DOI: 10.1164/rccm.201807-1345oc] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2018] [Accepted: 12/07/2018] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
RATIONALE CC16 (club cell secretory protein-16), a member of the secretoglobin family, is one of the most abundant proteins in normal airway secretions and has been described as a serum biomarker for obstructive lung diseases. OBJECTIVES To determine whether low CC16 is a marker for airway pathology or is implicated in the pathophysiology of progressive airway damage in these conditions. METHODS Using human data from the birth cohort of the Tucson Children's Respiratory Study, we examined the relation of circulating CC16 levels with pulmonary function and responses to bronchial methacholine challenge from childhood up to age 32 years. In wild-type and CC16-/- mice, we set out to comprehensively examine pulmonary physiology, inflammation, and remodeling in the naive airway. MEASUREMENTS AND MAIN RESULTS We observed that Tucson Children's Respiratory Study participants in the lowest tertile of serum CC16 had significant deficits in their lung function and enhanced airway hyperresponsiveness to methacholine challenge from 11 years throughout young adult life. Similarly, CC16-/- mice had significant deficits in lung function and enhanced airway hyperresponsiveness to methacholine as compared with wild-type mice, which were independent of inflammation and mucin production. As compared with wild-type mice, CC16-/- mice had significantly elevated gene expression of procollagen type I, procollagen type III, and α-smooth muscle actin, areas of pronounced collagen deposition and significantly enhanced smooth muscle thickness. CONCLUSIONS Our findings support clinical observations by providing evidence that lack of CC16 in the lung results in dramatically altered pulmonary function and structural alterations consistent with enhanced remodeling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Zhai
- Asthma and Airway Disease Research Center
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Caroline A. Owen
- Brigham and Women’s Hospital/Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Monica Kraft
- Asthma and Airway Disease Research Center
- Department of Medicine, and
| | - Stefano Guerra
- Asthma and Airway Disease Research Center
- Department of Medicine, and
- ISGlobal, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Julie G. Ledford
- Asthma and Airway Disease Research Center
- Department of Medicine, and
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona
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21
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Demura SA, Kogan EA, Goryachkina VL. [Chronic diseases, precancer, and cancer of the lung, which are associated with pathology of the club cells of respiratory and terminal bronchioles]. Arkh Patol 2018; 80:63-68. [PMID: 30335064 DOI: 10.17116/patol20188005163] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
The review of the literature deals with the participation of Clara cells now called club cells (CCs) of the epithelium in the respiratory and terminal bronchioles in the pathogenesis and morphogenesis of chronic inflammatory diseases, precancer, and cancer of the lung, which develop in the respiratory segments. The review summarizes data on the histophysiology of CCs and their participation in the pathogenesis and morphogenesis of chronic interstitial lung diseases, pneumoconiosis, chronic obstructive diseases, adenomatosis, and adenocarcinoma of the lung. In this area, there is a bronchioloalveolar junction area (BAJA), one of the most important stem cell niches. CCs are located in the BAJA; they are progenitor tissue stem cells and play an important role in the regeneration of the epithelium of the respiratory bronchioles and alveoli. Pathology of CCs in the BAJA leads to the maintenance of chronic inflammation, to the destruction of the lung elastic frame, and to impaired epithelial regeneration, interstitial fibrosis, and adenomatosis. In this case, decompensated inflammation, pathological regeneration, and fibrosis develop, which, along with the action of carcinogenic agents, can contribute to the accumulation of mutations and epigenetic rearrangements in the CCs, which subsequently results in atypical adenomatous hyperplasia and adenocarcinoma of the lung.
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Affiliation(s)
- S A Demura
- I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, Ministry of Health of Russia, Moscow, Russia
| | - E A Kogan
- I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, Ministry of Health of Russia, Moscow, Russia
| | - V L Goryachkina
- I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, Ministry of Health of Russia, Moscow, Russia
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22
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Oh JY, Lee YS, Min KH, Hur GY, Lee SY, Kang KH, Rhee CK, Park SJ, Shim JJ. Decreased serum club cell secretory protein in asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease overlap: a pilot study. Int J Chron Obstruct Pulmon Dis 2018; 13:3411-3417. [PMID: 30425470 PMCID: PMC6203108 DOI: 10.2147/copd.s174545] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Purpose Improvement in the diagnosis of asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) overlap (ACO), and identification of biomarkers for phenotype recognition will encourage good patient care by providing optimal therapy. We investigated club cell secretory protein (CC-16), a protective and anti-inflammatory mediator, as a new candidate biomarker for diagnosing ACO. Patients and methods We performed a multicenter cohort study. A total of 107 patients were divided into three groups - asthma, COPD, and ACO - according to the Spanish guidelines algorithm, and enrolled into the study. Serum CC-16 levels were measured using commercial ELISA kits. Results Serum CC-16 levels were the lowest in patients with ACO. Low serum CC-16 levels were a significant marker for the ACO even after adjustment for age, sex, and smoking intensity. Serum CC-16 levels were positively correlated with forced expiratory volume in 1 second (FEV1), forced vital capacity (FVC), forced expiratory flow at 25%-75% of FVC, FEV1/FVC, vital capacity, and diffusing capacity of the lung for carbon monoxide, and were negatively correlated with smoking amount (pack-years), bronchodilator response, fractional residual capacity, residual volume, and number of exacerbations per year. FEV1 and serum CC-16 levels were significantly lower in patients with frequent exacerbations. Conclusion Serum CC-16 has the potential to be a biomarker for ACO diagnosis and also treat frequent exacerbations in patients with chronic inflammatory airway diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jee Youn Oh
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Korea University Guro Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea,
| | - Young Seok Lee
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Korea University Guro Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea,
| | - Kyung Hoon Min
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Korea University Guro Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea,
| | - Gyu Young Hur
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Korea University Guro Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea,
| | - Sung Yong Lee
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Korea University Guro Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea,
| | - Kyung Ho Kang
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Korea University Guro Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea,
| | - Chin Kook Rhee
- Division of Pulmonary Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Catholic University Seoul Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Seoung Ju Park
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Chonbuk National University Hospital, Chonbuk National University Medical School, Jeonju, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae Jeong Shim
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Korea University Guro Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea,
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23
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Laucho‐Contreras ME, Polverino F, Rojas‐Quintero J, Wang X, Owen CA. Club cell protein 16 (Cc16) deficiency increases inflamm-aging in the lungs of mice. Physiol Rep 2018; 6:e13797. [PMID: 30084231 PMCID: PMC6079172 DOI: 10.14814/phy2.13797] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2018] [Accepted: 06/26/2018] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Low serum CC16 levels are associated with accelerated lung function decline in human population studies, but it is not known whether low serum CC16 levels contribute to lung function decline, or are an epiphenomenon. We tested the hypothesis that unchallenged Cc16-/- mice develop accelerated rates of pulmonary function test abnormalities and pulmonary pathologies over time compared with unchallenged WT mice. Respiratory mechanics, airspace enlargement, and small airway fibrosis were measured in unchallenged wild-type (WT) versus Cc16-/- mice over 6-18 months of age. Lung leukocyte counts and lung levels of metalloproteinases (Mmps), cytokines, oxidative stress, cellular senescence markers (p19 and p21), and lung cell apoptosis, and serum C-reactive protein (CRP) levels were measured in age-matched WT versus Cc16-/- mice. Unchallenged Cc16-/- mice developed greater increases in lung compliance, airspace enlargement, and small airway fibrosis than age-matched WT mice over 6-18 months of age. Cc16-/- mice had greater: (1) lung leukocyte counts; (2) lung levels of Ccl2, Ccl-5, interleukin-10, Mmp-2, and Mmp-9; (3) pulmonary oxidative stress levels, (4) alveolar septal cell apoptosis and staining for p16 and p21; and (5) serum CRP levels. Unchallenged Cc16-/- mice had greater nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) activation in their lungs than age-matched WT mice, but similar lung levels of secretory phospholipase-A2 activity. Cc16 deficiency in mice leads spontaneously to an accelerated lung aging phenotype with exaggerated pulmonary inflammation and COPD-like lung pathologies associated with increased activation of NF- κB in the lung. CC16 augmentation strategies may reduce lung aging in CC16-deficient individuals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria E. Laucho‐Contreras
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care MedicineBrigham and Women's HospitalHarvard Medical SchoolBostonMassachusetts
| | - Francesca Polverino
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care MedicineBrigham and Women's HospitalHarvard Medical SchoolBostonMassachusetts
- The Lovelace Respiratory Research InstituteAlbuquerqueNew Mexico
| | - Joselyn Rojas‐Quintero
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care MedicineBrigham and Women's HospitalHarvard Medical SchoolBostonMassachusetts
| | - Xiaoyun Wang
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care MedicineBrigham and Women's HospitalHarvard Medical SchoolBostonMassachusetts
| | - Caroline A. Owen
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care MedicineBrigham and Women's HospitalHarvard Medical SchoolBostonMassachusetts
- The Lovelace Respiratory Research InstituteAlbuquerqueNew Mexico
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24
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Pang M, Liu HY, Li T, Wang D, Hu XY, Zhang XR, Yu BF, Guo R, Wang HL. Recombinant club cell protein 16 (CC16) ameliorates cigarette smoke‑induced lung inflammation in a murine disease model of COPD. Mol Med Rep 2018; 18:2198-2206. [PMID: 29956762 PMCID: PMC6072201 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2018.9216] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2018] [Accepted: 06/21/2018] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Club cell protein (CC16) is expressed primarily by club cells possesses anti-inflammatory properties and is located in the bronchiolar epithelium. Previous studies have demonstrated that CC16 deficiency is associated with the progression of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). In the present study, the therapeutic effects of recombinant rat CC16 protein in mice with COPD were examined and the underlying mechanisms investigated. A total of 30 adult male C57/BL6 mice were randomly divided into three groups (10 mice/group). A mouse COPD model was generated by exposing 20 mice to cigarette smoke (CS) for 24 weeks. A total of 10 mice were treated intranasally with rCC16 (2.5 µg/g body weight) and control mice were exposed to normal room air. Results indicated that rCC16 treatment ameliorated pathological damage in the lungs and reduced the production of tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α, interleukin (IL)-6 and IL-8, which were induced by CS exposure. After rCC16 administration, endogenous CC16 was upregulated and the body weight of COPD mice was increased, whereas the opposite was observed in CS-exposed mice. Additionally, rCC16 treatment inhibited the DNA binding of NF-κB/p65 in lung tissues and reduced nuclear translocation of NF-κB/p65 in BALF and epithelial cells. Moreover, rCC16 treatment lead to a decrease in the total number of BALF cells, including macrophages, which was elevated in COPD mice. In conclusion, the present results demonstrate that rCC16 has therapeutic effects on COPD by downregulating pro-inflammatory factors via the NF-κB pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min Pang
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, The First Hospital, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi 030001, P.R. China
| | - Hong-Yan Liu
- School of Basic Medicine; Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi 030001, P.R. China
| | - Ting Li
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, The First Hospital, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi 030001, P.R. China
| | - Dan Wang
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, The First Hospital, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi 030001, P.R. China
| | - Xiao-Yun Hu
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, The First Hospital, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi 030001, P.R. China
| | - Xin-Ri Zhang
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, The First Hospital, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi 030001, P.R. China
| | - Bao-Feng Yu
- School of Basic Medicine; Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi 030001, P.R. China
| | - Rui Guo
- School of Basic Medicine; Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi 030001, P.R. China
| | - Hai-Long Wang
- School of Basic Medicine; Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi 030001, P.R. China
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25
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Lam DCL, Kwok HH, Yu WC, Ko FWS, Tam CY, Lau ACW, Fong DYT, Ip MSM. CC16 levels correlate with cigarette smoke exposure in bronchial epithelial cells and with lung function decline in smokers. BMC Pulm Med 2018; 18:47. [PMID: 29548305 PMCID: PMC5857103 DOI: 10.1186/s12890-018-0607-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2017] [Accepted: 03/01/2018] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Club cell protein-16 (CC16) expression has been associated with smoking-related lung function decline. The study hypothesis was that CC16 expression in both serum and bronchial epithelium is associated with lung function decline in smokers, and exposure to cigarette smoke will lead to reduction in CC16 expression in bronchial epithelial cells. METHODS In a cohort of community-based male Chinese subjects recruited for lung function test in 2000, we reassessed their lung function ten years later and measured serum levels of CC16. CC16 expression was further assayed in bronchial epithelium from endobronchial biopsies taken from an independent cohort of subjects undergoing autofluorescence bronchoscopy, and tested for correlation between CC16 immunostaining intensity and lung function. In an in-vitro model, bronchial epithelial cells were exposed to cigarette smoke extract (CSE), and the expression levels of CC16 were measured in bronchial epithelial cells before and after exposure to CSE. RESULTS There was a significant association between FEV1 decline and serum CC16 levels in smokers. Expression of CC16 in bronchial epithelium showed significant correlation with FEV1/FVC. Bronchial epithelial cells showed significant decrease in CC16 expression after exposure to CSE, followed by a subsequent rise in CC16 expression upon removal of CSE. CONCLUSIONS Results of these clinical and laboratory investigations suggested that low serum CC16 was associated with smoking-related decline in lung function, demonstrated the first time in a Chinese cohort. The data also lend support to the putative role of CC16 in protection against smoking-related bronchial epithelial damage. (Abstract word count: 243) US CLINICAL TRIAL REGISTRY: NCT01185652 , first posted 20 August, 2010.
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Affiliation(s)
- David Chi-Leung Lam
- Department of Medicine, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, University of Hong Kong, 21 Sassoon Road, Pokfulam, HK China
| | - Hoi-Hin Kwok
- Department of Medicine, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, University of Hong Kong, 21 Sassoon Road, Pokfulam, HK China
| | - Wai-Cho Yu
- Department of Medicine and Geriatrics, Princess Margaret Hospital, Lai King, HK China
| | - Fanny Wai-San Ko
- Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, the Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, HK China
| | - Cheuk-Yin Tam
- Department of Medicine and Geriatrics, Tuen Mun Hospital, 23, Tsing Chung Koon Rd, Tuen Mun, HK China
| | - Arthur Chun-Wing Lau
- Department of Intensive Care, Pamela Youde Nethersole Hospital, 3, Lok Man Rd, Chai Wan, HK China
| | - Daniel Yee-Tak Fong
- School of Nursing, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, University of Hong Kong, 21 Sassoon Road, Pokfulam, HK China
| | - Mary Sau-Man Ip
- Department of Medicine, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, University of Hong Kong, 21 Sassoon Road, Pokfulam, HK China
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26
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Aghapour M, Raee P, Moghaddam SJ, Hiemstra PS, Heijink IH. Airway Epithelial Barrier Dysfunction in Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease: Role of Cigarette Smoke Exposure. Am J Respir Cell Mol Biol 2018; 58:157-169. [DOI: 10.1165/rcmb.2017-0200tr] [Citation(s) in RCA: 142] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
| | - Pourya Raee
- Department of Basic Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Tabriz, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Seyed Javad Moghaddam
- Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Division of Internal Medicine, the University of Texas M. D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Pieter S. Hiemstra
- Department of Pulmonology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands; and
| | - Irene H. Heijink
- Department of Pathology and Medical Biology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
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27
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Ghorani V, Boskabady MH, Khazdair MR, Kianmeher M. Experimental animal models for COPD: a methodological review. Tob Induc Dis 2017; 15:25. [PMID: 28469539 PMCID: PMC5414171 DOI: 10.1186/s12971-017-0130-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 129] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2016] [Accepted: 04/19/2017] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a progressive disorder that makes the breathing difficult and is characterized by pathological conditions ranging from chronic inflammation to tissue proteolysis. With regard to ethical issues related to the studies on patients with COPD, the use of animal models of COPD is inevitable. Animal models improve our knowledge about the basic mechanisms underlying COPD physiology, pathophysiology and treatment. Although these models are only able to mimic some of the features of the disease, they are valuable for further investigation of mechanisms involved in human COPD. METHODS We searched the literature available in Google Scholar, PubMed and ScienceDirect databases for English articles published until November 2015. For this purpose, we used 5 keywords for COPD, 3 for animal models, 4 for exposure methods, 3 for pathophysiological changes and 3 for biomarkers. One hundred and fifty-one studies were considered eligible for inclusion in this review. RESULTS According to the reviewed articles, animal models of COPD are mainly induced in mice, guinea pigs and rats. In most of the studies, this model was induced by exposure to cigarette smoke (CS), intra-tracheal lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and intranasal elastase. There were variations in time course and dose of inducers used in different studies. The main measured parameters were lung pathological data and lung inflammation (both inflammatory cells and inflammatory mediators) in most of the studies and tracheal responsiveness (TR) in only few studies. CONCLUSION The present review provides various methods used for induction of animal models of COPD, different animals used (mainly mice, guinea pigs and rats) and measured parameters. The information provided in this review is valuable for choosing appropriate animal, method of induction and selecting parameters to be measured in studies concerning COPD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vahideh Ghorani
- Pharmaceutical Research Centre and Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Mohammad Hossein Boskabady
- Neurogenic Inflammation Research Centre and Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, 9177948564 Iran
| | - Mohammad Reza Khazdair
- Pharmaceutical Research Centre and Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Majid Kianmeher
- Neurogenic Inflammation Research Centre and Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, 9177948564 Iran
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28
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Aufderheide M, Emura M. Phenotypical changes in a differentiating immortalized bronchial epithelial cell line after exposure to mainstream cigarette smoke and e-cigarette vapor. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2017; 69:393-401. [PMID: 28372928 DOI: 10.1016/j.etp.2017.03.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2017] [Accepted: 03/21/2017] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
3D constructs composed of differentiated immortalized primary normal human bronchial epithelial (NHBE) cells (CL-1548) were repeatedly exposed at the air-liquid interface to non-lethal concentrations of mainstream cigarette smoke (4 cigarettes a day, 5days/week, 8 repetitions in total) and e-cigarette vapor (50 puffs a day, 5 days/week, 8 repetitions in total) to build up a permanent burden on the cells. Samples were taken after 4, 6 and 8 times of repeated smoke exposure and the cultures were investigated using histopathological methods Compared to the clean air-exposed cultures (process control) and incubator control, the aerosol-exposed cultures showed a reduction of ciliated, mucus-producing and club cells. At the end of the exposure phase, we even found metaplastic areas positive for CK13 antibody in the cultures exposed to mainstream cigarette smoke and e-liquid vapor, commonly seen in squamous cells as a marker for non-cornified squamous epithelium. The control cultures (incubator cells) showed no comparable phenotypical changes. In conclusion, our in vitro model presents a valuable tool to study the induction of phenotypical changes after exposure to hazardous airborne material.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Makito Emura
- Cultex Laboratories GmbH, Feodor-Lynen-Str. 21, 30625 Hannover, Germany
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29
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Negrin LL, Halat G, Prosch H, Hüpfl M, Hajdu S, Heinz T. Soluble Receptor for Advanced Glycation End Products Quantifies Lung Injury in Polytraumatized Patients. Ann Thorac Surg 2016; 103:1587-1593. [PMID: 27865475 DOI: 10.1016/j.athoracsur.2016.09.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2016] [Revised: 09/04/2016] [Accepted: 09/07/2016] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Biomarkers caused by blunt chest trauma might leak into the vascular compartment and therefore reflect the severity of parenchymal lung injury (PLI). Five promising proteins were preselected after a literature scan. The objective of our study was to identify a biomarker that is released abundantly into the serum shortly after trauma and reliably quantifies the loss of functional lung tissue. METHODS Polytraumatized patients (aged ≥18 years, Injury Severity Score [ISS] ≥16) were included in our prospective observational study if they were admitted directly to our level I trauma center during the first hour after trauma occurred. Immediately after stabilizing the patient's condition, blood samples were taken and a whole-body computed tomographic (CT) scan was obtained. Biomarker levels were measured directly after admission and on day 2. PLI volume was calculated using volumetric analysis. RESULTS One hundred thirty patients met the inclusion criteria. Compared with a matched healthy control population, median levels of the soluble receptor for advanced glycation end products (sRAGE) was almost 3 times higher and decreased by 41% on day 2. Higher initial median sRAGE levels were detected in patients with PLI compared with patients without PLI and in individuals with severe PLI compared with those with mild PLI. Spearman correlation analysis and a univariate linear log regression model revealed a significant correlation/equation between initial sRAGE levels and relative PLI volume. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) statistics identified the initial sRAGE level as an indicator of severe PLI. CONCLUSIONS sRAGE levels measured shortly after trauma seem to be a promising diagnostic tool to assess the severity of PLI in polytraumatized patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lukas L Negrin
- Department of Trauma Surgery, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria.
| | - Gabriel Halat
- Department of Trauma Surgery, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Helmut Prosch
- Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Michael Hüpfl
- Department of Anesthesiology, General Intensive Care, and Pain Management, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Stefan Hajdu
- Department of Trauma Surgery, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Thomas Heinz
- Department of Trauma Surgery, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
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30
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Antuni JD, Barnes PJ. Evaluation of Individuals at Risk for COPD: Beyond the Scope of the Global Initiative for Chronic Obstructive Lung Disease. CHRONIC OBSTRUCTIVE PULMONARY DISEASES-JOURNAL OF THE COPD FOUNDATION 2016; 3:653-667. [PMID: 28848890 DOI: 10.15326/jcopdf.3.3.2016.0129] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
The Global initiative for chronic Obstructive Lung Disease (GOLD) Strategy is a valuable tool for clinicians in the diagnosis and management of patients with established chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). However, there are no recommendations for the evaluation of individuals, exposed to risk factors, who are most likely to develop COPD. Consequently, it is necessary to consider all of the factors that may play a role in the pathogenesis of COPD: genetic factors, gender, socioeconomic status, disadvantageous factors in childhood, lung diseases and exposure to risk factors such as smoking, biomass fuel smoke, occupational hazards and air pollution. Along with the clinical assessment, periodic spirometry should be performed to evaluate lung function and make possible early detection of individuals who will develop the disease through the rate of forced expiratory volume in 1 second (FEV1) decline. The first spirometry, periodicity, and clinically significant decline in FEV1 will encompass the cornerstones of clinical follow up. This approach allows the implementation of important interventions in order to help individuals to cease contact with risk factors and prevent progressive respiratory impairment with the consequent deterioration of quality of life and increased morbidity and mortality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julio D Antuni
- Corporación Médica de General San Martín, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Peter J Barnes
- National Heart and Lung Institute, Royal Brompton Hospital, London, United Kingdom
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Biagioni BJ, Tam S, Chen YWR, Sin DD, Carlsten C. Effect of controlled human exposure to diesel exhaust and allergen on airway surfactant protein D, myeloperoxidase and club (Clara) cell secretory protein 16. Clin Exp Allergy 2016; 46:1206-13. [DOI: 10.1111/cea.12732] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2015] [Revised: 02/12/2016] [Accepted: 03/02/2016] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- B. J. Biagioni
- Division of Respiratory Medicine; Department of Medicine; University of British Columbia; Vancouver BC Canada
| | - S. Tam
- Division of Respiratory Medicine; Department of Medicine; University of British Columbia; Vancouver BC Canada
- Center for Heart Lung Innovation; University of British Columbia; Vancouver BC Canada
| | - Y.-W. R. Chen
- Division of Respiratory Medicine; Department of Medicine; University of British Columbia; Vancouver BC Canada
- Center for Heart Lung Innovation; University of British Columbia; Vancouver BC Canada
| | - D. D. Sin
- Division of Respiratory Medicine; Department of Medicine; University of British Columbia; Vancouver BC Canada
- Center for Heart Lung Innovation; University of British Columbia; Vancouver BC Canada
| | - C. Carlsten
- Division of Respiratory Medicine; Department of Medicine; University of British Columbia; Vancouver BC Canada
- Department of Medicine; Centre for Occupational and Environmental Lung Disease; Vancouver BC Canada
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Laucho-Contreras ME, Polverino F, Tesfaigzi Y, Pilon A, Celli BR, Owen CA. Club Cell Protein 16 (CC16) Augmentation: A Potential Disease-modifying Approach for Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD). Expert Opin Ther Targets 2016; 20:869-83. [PMID: 26781659 DOI: 10.1517/14728222.2016.1139084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Club cell protein 16 (CC16) is the most abundant protein in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid. CC16 has anti-inflammatory properties in smoke-exposed lungs, and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is associated with CC16 deficiency. Herein, we explored whether CC16 is a therapeutic target for COPD. AREAS COVERED We reviewed the literature on the factors that regulate airway CC16 expression, its biologic functions and its protective activities in smoke-exposed lungs using PUBMED searches. We generated hypotheses on the mechanisms by which CC16 limits COPD development, and discuss its potential as a new therapeutic approach for COPD. EXPERT OPINION CC16 plasma and lung levels are reduced in smokers without airflow obstruction and COPD patients. In COPD patients, airway CC16 expression is inversely correlated with severity of airflow obstruction. CC16 deficiency increases smoke-induced lung pathologies in mice by its effects on epithelial cells, leukocytes, and fibroblasts. Experimental augmentation of CC16 levels using recombinant CC16 in cell culture systems, plasmid and adenoviral-mediated over-expression of CC16 in epithelial cells or smoke-exposed murine airways reduces inflammation and cellular injury. Additional studies are necessary to assess the efficacy of therapies aimed at restoring airway CC16 levels as a new disease-modifying therapy for COPD patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria E Laucho-Contreras
- a Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine , Brigham and Women's Hospital/Harvard Medical School , Boston , MA , USA
| | - Francesca Polverino
- a Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine , Brigham and Women's Hospital/Harvard Medical School , Boston , MA , USA.,b COPD Program , Lovelace Respiratory Research Institute , Albuquerque , NM , USA.,c Department of Medicine , University of Parma , Parma , Italy
| | - Yohannes Tesfaigzi
- b COPD Program , Lovelace Respiratory Research Institute , Albuquerque , NM , USA
| | - Aprile Pilon
- d Therabron Therapeutics Inc. , Rockville , MD , USA
| | - Bartolome R Celli
- a Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine , Brigham and Women's Hospital/Harvard Medical School , Boston , MA , USA.,b COPD Program , Lovelace Respiratory Research Institute , Albuquerque , NM , USA
| | - Caroline A Owen
- a Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine , Brigham and Women's Hospital/Harvard Medical School , Boston , MA , USA.,b COPD Program , Lovelace Respiratory Research Institute , Albuquerque , NM , USA
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Ambrosino N, Casaburi R, Chetta A, Clini E, Donner CF, Dreher M, Goldstein R, Jubran A, Nici L, Owen CA, Rochester C, Tobin MJ, Vagheggini G, Vitacca M, ZuWallack R. 8th international conference on management and rehabilitation of chronic respiratory failure: the long summaries – part 1. Multidiscip Respir Med 2015. [PMCID: PMC4595244 DOI: 10.1186/s40248-015-0026-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
This paper summarizes the Part 1 of the proceedings of the 8th International Conference on Management and Rehabilitation of Chronic Respiratory Failure, held in Pescara, Italy, on 7 and 8 May, 2015. It summarizes the contributions from numerous experts in the field of chronic respiratory disease and chronic respiratory failure. The outline follows the temporal sequence of presentations. This paper (Part 1) includes sections regarding: Advances in Asthma and COPD Therapy (Novel Therapeutic Targets for Asthma: Proteinases, Blood Biomarker Changes in COPD Patients); The problem of Hospital Re-Admission following Discharge after the COPD Exacerbation (Characteristics of the Hospitalized COPD Patient, Reducing Hospital Readmissions Following COPD Exacerbation).
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Rosas-Salazar C, Gebretsadik T, Carroll KN, Reiss S, Wickersham N, Larkin EK, James KM, Miller EK, Anderson LJ, Hartert TV. Urine Club Cell 16-kDa Secretory Protein and Childhood Wheezing Illnesses After Lower Respiratory Tract Infections in Infancy. PEDIATRIC ALLERGY IMMUNOLOGY AND PULMONOLOGY 2015; 28:158-164. [PMID: 26421213 DOI: 10.1089/ped.2015.0528] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
Background: Infants with lower respiratory tract infections (LRTIs) are at an increased risk of developing childhood wheezing illnesses (including asthma), but it is not currently possible to predict those at risk for these long-term outcomes. The current objective was to examine whether urine levels of club cell 16-kDa secretory protein (CC16) at the time of an infant LRTI are associated with the development of childhood wheezing illnesses. Methods: Prospective study of 133 previously healthy infants enrolled during a healthcare visit for a LRTI and followed longitudinally for childhood wheezing illnesses. Urine levels of CC16 at the time of enrollment were measured after validating a commercially available enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay kit for serum. The outcome of interest was parental report of subsequent childhood wheeze (defined as ≥1 episode of wheezing following the initial LRTI) at the 1-year follow-up visit. Logistic regression was used for the main analysis. Results: The median (interquartile range) urine levels of CC16 (ng/mg of creatinine) at the time of an infant LRTI were 11.1 (7.7-20.1) for infants with subsequent childhood wheeze and 13.4 (8.3-61.1) for those without (p = 0.11). In the main multivariate analysis using a logarithmic transformation of the urine levels of CC16, a twofold increase in urine levels of CC16 was associated with ∼30% decreased odds (OR = 0.74 [95% confidence interval (CI) 0.56-0.98], p = 0.04) of subsequent childhood wheeze after adjustment for potential confounders. Conclusions: An inverse association was found between urine levels of CC16 at the time of an infant LRTI and the odds of subsequent childhood wheeze. Urine CC16 may be a useful biomarker of the development of childhood wheezing illnesses after LRTIs in infancy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christian Rosas-Salazar
- Division of Allergy, Immunology, and Pulmonary Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine , Nashville, Tennessee. ; Vanderbilt Center for Asthma and Environmental Health Sciences Research, Vanderbilt University , Nashville, Tennessee
| | - Tebeb Gebretsadik
- Department of Biostatistics, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine , Nashville, Tennessee. ; Vanderbilt Center for Asthma and Environmental Health Sciences Research, Vanderbilt University , Nashville, Tennessee
| | - Kecia N Carroll
- Division of General Pediatrics, Department of Pediatrics, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine , Nashville, Tennessee. ; Vanderbilt Center for Asthma and Environmental Health Sciences Research, Vanderbilt University , Nashville, Tennessee
| | - Sara Reiss
- Vanderbilt Center for Asthma and Environmental Health Sciences Research, Vanderbilt University , Nashville, Tennessee
| | - Nancy Wickersham
- Vanderbilt Center for Asthma and Environmental Health Sciences Research, Vanderbilt University , Nashville, Tennessee
| | - Emma K Larkin
- Vanderbilt Center for Asthma and Environmental Health Sciences Research, Vanderbilt University , Nashville, Tennessee
| | - Kristina M James
- Vanderbilt Center for Asthma and Environmental Health Sciences Research, Vanderbilt University , Nashville, Tennessee
| | - E Kathryn Miller
- Division of Allergy, Immunology, and Pulmonary Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine , Nashville, Tennessee
| | - Larry J Anderson
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Pediatrics, Emory University School of Medicine and Children's Healthcare of Atlanta , Atlanta, Georgia
| | - Tina V Hartert
- Division of Allergy, Pulmonary, and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine , Nashville, Tennessee. ; Vanderbilt Center for Asthma and Environmental Health Sciences Research, Vanderbilt University , Nashville, Tennessee
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Guerra S, Halonen M, Vasquez MM, Spangenberg A, Stern DA, Morgan WJ, Wright AL, Lavi I, Tarès L, Carsin AE, Dobaño C, Barreiro E, Zock JP, Martínez-Moratalla J, Urrutia I, Sunyer J, Keidel D, Imboden M, Probst-Hensch N, Hallberg J, Melén E, Wickman M, Bousquet J, Belgrave DCM, Simpson A, Custovic A, Antó JM, Martinez FD. Relation between circulating CC16 concentrations, lung function, and development of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease across the lifespan: a prospective study. THE LANCET RESPIRATORY MEDICINE 2015; 3:613-20. [PMID: 26159408 DOI: 10.1016/s2213-2600(15)00196-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 123] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2015] [Revised: 05/07/2015] [Accepted: 05/11/2015] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Low concentrations of the anti-inflammatory protein CC16 (approved symbol SCGB1A1) in serum have been associated with accelerated decline in forced expiratory volume in 1 s (FEV1) in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). We investigated whether low circulating CC16 concentrations precede lung function deficits and incidence of COPD in the general population. METHODS We assessed longitudinal data on CC16 concentrations in serum and associations with decline in FEV1 and incidence of airflow limitation for adults who were free from COPD at baseline in the population-based Tucson Epidemiological Study of Airway Obstructive Disease ([TESAOD] n=960, mean follow-up 14 years), European Community Respiratory Health Survey ([ECRHS-Sp] n=514, 11 years), and Swiss Cohort Study on Air Pollution and Lung Diseases in Adults ([SAPALDIA] n=167, 8 years) studies. Additionally, we measured circulating CC16 concentrations in samples from children aged 4-6 years in the Tucson Children's Respiratory Study (n=427), UK Manchester Asthma and Allergy Study (n=481), and the Swedish Barn/children, Allergy, Milieu, Stockholm, Epidemiological survey (n=231) birth cohorts to assess whether low CC16 concentrations in childhood were predictive for subsequent lung function. FINDINGS After adjustment for sex, age, height, smoking status and intensity, pack-years, asthma, and FEV1 at baseline, we found an inverse association between CC16 concentration and decline in FEV1 in adults in TESAOD (4·4 mL/year additional FEV1 decline for each SD decrease in baseline CC16 concentration, p=0·0014) and ECRHS-Sp (2·4 mL/year, p=0·023); the effect in SAPALDIA was marginal (4·5 mL/year, p=0·052). Low CC16 concentration at baseline was also associated with increased risk of incident stage 2 airflow limitation (ratio of FEV1 to forced expiratory volume [FEV1/FVC] less than 70% plus FEV1 % predicted less than 80%) in TESAOD and ECRHS-Sp. In children, the lowest tertile of CC16 concentrations was associated with a subsequent FEV1 deficit of 68 mL up to age 16 years (p=0·0001), which was confirmed in children who had never smoked by age 16 years (-71 mL, p<0·0001). INTERPRETATION Low concentrations of CC16 in serum are associated with reduced lung function in childhood, accelerated lung function decline in adulthood, and development of moderate airflow limitation in the general adult population. FUNDING National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute and European Union Seventh Framework Programme.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefano Guerra
- Arizona Respiratory Center, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA; Centre for Research in Environmental Epidemiology (CREAL), Universitat Pompeu Fabra, and CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Barcelona, Spain.
| | - Marilyn Halonen
- Arizona Respiratory Center, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA
| | - Monica M Vasquez
- Arizona Respiratory Center, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA; Mel and Enid Zuckerman College of Public Health, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA
| | | | - Debra A Stern
- Arizona Respiratory Center, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA
| | - Wayne J Morgan
- Arizona Respiratory Center, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA
| | - Anne L Wright
- Arizona Respiratory Center, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA
| | - Iris Lavi
- Centre for Research in Environmental Epidemiology (CREAL), Universitat Pompeu Fabra, and CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Lluïsa Tarès
- Centre for Research in Environmental Epidemiology (CREAL), Universitat Pompeu Fabra, and CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Anne-Elie Carsin
- Centre for Research in Environmental Epidemiology (CREAL), Universitat Pompeu Fabra, and CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Barcelona, Spain; IMIM Hospital del Mar Medical Research Institute, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Carlota Dobaño
- ISGlobal, Barcelona Centre for International Health Research (CRESIB), Hospital Clínic, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Esther Barreiro
- Pulmonology Department-Muscle and Respiratory System Research Unit (URMAR), IMIM-Hospital del Mar and CIBER de Enfermedades Respiratorias (CIBERES), Universitat Pompeu Fabra, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Jan-Paul Zock
- Centre for Research in Environmental Epidemiology (CREAL), Universitat Pompeu Fabra, and CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Jesús Martínez-Moratalla
- Servicio de Neumología del Complejo Hospitalario Universitario de Albacete, and Servicio de Salud de Castilla-La Mancha, Albacete, Spain
| | - Isabel Urrutia
- Pneumology Service, Galdakao-Usánsolo Hospital, Bizkaia, Spain
| | - Jordi Sunyer
- Centre for Research in Environmental Epidemiology (CREAL), Universitat Pompeu Fabra, and CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Barcelona, Spain; IMIM Hospital del Mar Medical Research Institute, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Dirk Keidel
- Swiss Tropical and Public Health Institute, and University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Medea Imboden
- Swiss Tropical and Public Health Institute, and University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Nicole Probst-Hensch
- Swiss Tropical and Public Health Institute, and University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Jenny Hallberg
- Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, and Sachs' Children and Youth Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Erik Melén
- Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, and Sachs' Children and Youth Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Magnus Wickman
- Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, and Sachs' Children and Youth Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Jean Bousquet
- Department of Respiratory Diseases, University Hospital, Montpellier, France; Respiratory and Environmental Epidemiology Team, INSERM 1018, CESP Centre, Villejuif, France
| | - Danielle C M Belgrave
- Centre for Respiratory Medicine and Allergy, Institute of Inflammation and Repair, University of Manchester and University Hospital of South Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | - Angela Simpson
- Centre for Respiratory Medicine and Allergy, Institute of Inflammation and Repair, University of Manchester and University Hospital of South Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | - Adnan Custovic
- Centre for Respiratory Medicine and Allergy, Institute of Inflammation and Repair, University of Manchester and University Hospital of South Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | - Josep M Antó
- Centre for Research in Environmental Epidemiology (CREAL), Universitat Pompeu Fabra, and CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Barcelona, Spain; IMIM Hospital del Mar Medical Research Institute, Barcelona, Spain
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