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Rajeev A, Katukuri S, Devarashetty S, Dantala S, Billa AL. Expression of p120 - catenin in oral squamous cell carcinoma and apparently normal mucosa adjacent to oral squamous cell carcinoma. J Clin Exp Dent 2024; 16:e391-e398. [PMID: 38725816 PMCID: PMC11078506 DOI: 10.4317/jced.61057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2023] [Accepted: 02/26/2024] [Indexed: 05/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Background An essential molecular occurrence in carcinogenesis that can lead to invasion and migration, predisposing cells to malignant transformation, involves alterations in cell adhesion molecules, such as p120 catenin. The destabilization of E-cadherin, caused by the loss or phosphorylation of p120 catenin (p120), regulates cadherin stability and turnover, impacting cell adhesiveness and migratory capacity. Consequently, p120 is associated with the invasiveness and progression of various human epithelial tumor types, including Oral Squamous Cell Carcinomas (OSCC). The present study aimed to assess and establish a correlation between the expression of p120 antibody in OSCC and Apparently Normal Mucosa Adjacent to OSCC (ANMAOSCC). Material and Methods The immunoexpression of p120 in 300 selected cases was categorized into two groups: OSCC (n = 150) and ANMAOSCC (n = 150). Two 4µm-thick tissue sections from the selected blocks were prepared. One section was stained with Hematoxylin and Eosin, while the other underwent immunohistochemical (IHC) staining using anti-p120 catenin antibody (clone No. EP66; Catalog No. PR062; PathnSitu, Wayne, PA, USA). The analysis of p120 immunoexpression included parameters such as intensity, percentage, and the location of staining. Results In OSCC, over 80% of cases expressed p120, with only 16% exhibiting loss of expression. In ANMAOSCC, all cells maintained p120 expression. In OSCC, p120 was predominantly localized to the membrane and cytoplasm in 76%, while in ANMAOSCC, over 90% showed membrane localization. Regarding positivity, only 19% of OSCC cases reported positivity in >50% of cells, compared to 64.7% in ANMAOSCC. The extent of staining in ANMAOSCC was observed up to the granular layer (45%) and corneal layer (19%). Conclusions The atypical staining pattern of p120 may indicate a loss of adhesion and could serve as a marker for identifying the malignant potential of ANMAOSCC and the aggressiveness of OSCC. Key words:Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma, P120 Catenin, Cell Adhesion Molecules, Gene Expression Regulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aishwarya Rajeev
- Associate Professor, Department of Oral Pathology and Microbiology, Mahatma Gandhi Dental College & Hospital, Rajasthan, India
| | - Saikumar Katukuri
- Assistant Professor, Department of Public Health Dentistry, Panineeya Institute of Dental Sciences and Research Centre, Hyderabad, India
| | - Shravya Devarashetty
- Assistant Professor, Department of Public Health Dentistry, MNR Dental College and Hospital, Hyderabad, Sangareddy, India
| | - Satyanarayana Dantala
- Associate Professor, Department of Public Health Dentistry, MNR Dental College and Hospital, Hyderabad, Sangareddy, India
| | - Aishwarya-Lakshmi Billa
- Senior Resident, Department of Public Health Dentistry, Government Dental College & Hospital, Hyderabad, India
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2
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Li L, Ji S, Shrestha C, Jiang Y, Liao L, Xu F, Liu Z, Bikle DD, Xie Z. p120-catenin suppresses proliferation and tumor growth of oral squamous cell carcinoma via inhibiting nuclear phospholipase C-γ1 signaling. J Cell Physiol 2020; 235:9399-9413. [PMID: 32356317 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.29744] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2019] [Revised: 04/12/2020] [Accepted: 04/18/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
p120-catenin (p120) serves as a stabilizer of the calcium-dependent cadherin-catenin complex and loss of p120 expression has been observed in several types of human cancers. The p120-dependent E-cadherin-β-catenin complex has been shown to mediate calcium-induced keratinocyte differentiation via inducing activation of plasma membrane phospholipase C-γ1 (PLC-γ1). On the other hand, PLC-γ1 has been shown to interact with phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase enhancer in the nucleus and plays a critical role in epidermal growth factor-induced proliferation of oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) cells. To determine whether p120 suppresses OSCC proliferation and tumor growth via inhibiting PLC-γ1, we examined effects of p120 knockdown or p120 and PLC-γ1 double knockdown on proliferation of cultured OSCC cells and tumor growth in xenograft OSCC in mice. The results showed that knockdown of p120 reduced levels of PLC-γ1 in the plasma membrane and increased levels of PLC-γ1 and its signaling in the nucleus in OSCC cells and OSCC cell proliferation as well as xenograft OSCC tumor growth. However, double knockdown of p120 and PLC-γ1 or knockdown of PLC-γ1 alone did not have any effect. Immunohistochemical analysis of OSCC tissue from patients showed a lower expression level of p120 and a higher expression level of PLC-γ1 compared with that of adjacent noncancerous tissue. These data indicate that p120 suppresses OSCC cell proliferation and tumor growth by inhibiting signaling mediated by nuclear PLC-γ1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lusha Li
- National Clinical Research Center for Metabolic Diseases, Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Metabolic Bone Diseases, Institute of Metabolism and Endocrinology, and Department of Metabolism and Endocrinology, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Shangli Ji
- National Clinical Research Center for Metabolic Diseases, Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Metabolic Bone Diseases, Institute of Metabolism and Endocrinology, and Department of Metabolism and Endocrinology, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Chandrama Shrestha
- National Clinical Research Center for Metabolic Diseases, Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Metabolic Bone Diseases, Institute of Metabolism and Endocrinology, and Department of Metabolism and Endocrinology, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Yi Jiang
- Department of Pathology, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Liyan Liao
- Department of Pathology, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Feng Xu
- National Clinical Research Center for Metabolic Diseases, Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Metabolic Bone Diseases, Institute of Metabolism and Endocrinology, and Department of Metabolism and Endocrinology, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Zhenming Liu
- National Clinical Research Center for Metabolic Diseases, Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Metabolic Bone Diseases, Institute of Metabolism and Endocrinology, and Department of Metabolism and Endocrinology, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Daniel D Bikle
- Endocrine Unit, Veterans Affairs Medical Center, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California
| | - Zhongjian Xie
- National Clinical Research Center for Metabolic Diseases, Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Metabolic Bone Diseases, Institute of Metabolism and Endocrinology, and Department of Metabolism and Endocrinology, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
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3
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Venhuizen JH, Span PN, van den Dries K, Sommer S, Friedl P, Zegers MM. P120 Catenin Isoforms Differentially Associate with Breast Cancer Invasion and Metastasis. Cancers (Basel) 2019; 11:cancers11101459. [PMID: 31569498 PMCID: PMC6826419 DOI: 10.3390/cancers11101459] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2019] [Revised: 09/24/2019] [Accepted: 09/26/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Tumor metastasis is the endpoint of tumor progression and depends on the ability of tumor cells to locally invade tissue, transit through the bloodstream and ultimately to colonize secondary organs at distant sites. P120 catenin (p120) has been implicated as an important regulator of metastatic dissemination because of its roles in cell–cell junctional stability, cytoskeletal dynamics, growth and survival. However, conflicting roles for p120 in different tumor models and steps of metastasis have been reported, and the understanding of p120 functions is confounded by the differential expression of p120 isoforms, which differ in N-terminal length, tissue localization and, likely, function. Here, we used in silico exon expression analyses, in vitro invasion assays and both RT-PCR and immunofluorescence of human tumors. We show that alternative exon usage favors expression of short isoform p120-3 in 1098 breast tumors and correlates with poor prognosis. P120-3 is upregulated at the invasive front of breast cancer cells migrating as collective groups in vitro. Furthermore, we demonstrate in histological sections of 54 human breast cancer patients that p120-3 expression is maintained throughout the metastatic cascade, whereas p120-1 is differentially expressed and diminished during invasion and in metastases. These data suggest specific regulation and functions of p120-3 in breast cancer invasion and metastasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jan-Hendrik Venhuizen
- Department of Cell Biology, Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences (RIMLS), Radboud University Medical Center, 6525 GA Nijmegen, The Netherlands.
| | - Paul N Span
- Radiotherapy & OncoImmunology Laboratory, Department of Radiation Oncology, Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences (RIMLS), Radboud University Medical Center, 6525 GA Nijmegen, The Netherlands.
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Radboud University Medical Center, 6525 GA Nijmegen, The Netherlands.
| | - Koen van den Dries
- Department of Cell Biology, Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences (RIMLS), Radboud University Medical Center, 6525 GA Nijmegen, The Netherlands.
| | - Sebastian Sommer
- Department of Cell Biology, Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences (RIMLS), Radboud University Medical Center, 6525 GA Nijmegen, The Netherlands.
| | - Peter Friedl
- Department of Cell Biology, Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences (RIMLS), Radboud University Medical Center, 6525 GA Nijmegen, The Netherlands.
- Cancer Genomic Centre, University Medical Center Utrecht, 3584 CG Utrecht, The Netherlands.
- David H. Koch Center for Applied Research of Genitourinary Cancers, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77230, USA.
| | - Mirjam M Zegers
- Department of Cell Biology, Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences (RIMLS), Radboud University Medical Center, 6525 GA Nijmegen, The Netherlands.
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Zhu QD, Zhou QQ, Dong L, Huang Z, Wu F, Deng X. MiR-199a-5p Inhibits the Growth and Metastasis of Colorectal Cancer Cells by Targeting ROCK1. Technol Cancer Res Treat 2019; 17:1533034618775509. [PMID: 29807462 PMCID: PMC5974564 DOI: 10.1177/1533034618775509] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Mounting evidence indicates that microRNAs play important roles in the development of various cancers. Aberrant expression of microRNA-199a-5p has been frequently reported in cancer studies; however, the mechanistic details of the role of microRNA-199a-5p in colorectal cancer still remain unclear. Our study aimed to explore the role of microRNA-199a-5p in colorectal cancer cells by targeting Rho-associated coiled coil-containing protein kinase 1. Here, we showed that microRNA-199a-5p was significantly downregulated in colorectal cancer cell lines and tissue samples and was associated with a poor prognostic phenotype. MicroRNA-199a-5p suppressed colorectal cancer cell proliferation, migration, and invasion and induced cell apoptosis. Moreover, we identified Rho-associated coiled coil-containing protein kinase 1 as the direct target of microRNA-199a-5p using luciferase and Western blot assays. Importantly, Rho-associated coiled coil-containing protein kinase 1 overexpression rescued the microRNA-199a-5p-induced suppression of proliferation, migration, and invasion of colorectal cancer cells. Furthermore, the overexpression of microRNA-199a-5p inhibited tumor growth and metastasis by inactivating the phosphoinositide 3-kinase/AKT and Janus kinase 1/signal transducing activator of transcription signaling pathways through downregulation of Rho-associated coiled coil-containing protein kinase 1. Altogether, microRNA-199a-5p/Rho-associated coiled coil-containing protein kinase 1 may be a potential therapeutic target for colorectal cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qian Dong Zhu
- 1 Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China.,These authors contributed equally to this work
| | - Qing Qing Zhou
- 2 Department of Operating Room, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China.,These authors contributed equally to this work
| | - Lemei Dong
- 3 Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China.,These authors contributed equally to this work
| | - Zhiming Huang
- 3 Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Fang Wu
- 3 Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Xia Deng
- 4 Radiotherapy and chemotherapy department, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
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5
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Niu C, Liu N, Liu J, Zhang M, Ying L, Wang L, Tian D, Dai J, Luo Z, Liu E, Zou L, Fu Z. Vitamin A maintains the airway epithelium in a murine model of asthma by suppressing glucocorticoid-induced leucine zipper. Clin Exp Allergy 2017; 46:848-60. [PMID: 26399569 DOI: 10.1111/cea.12646] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2015] [Revised: 08/05/2015] [Accepted: 08/12/2015] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The effects of glucocorticoids (GCs) on the repair of the airway epithelium in asthma are controversial, and we previously reported that the GC dexamethasone (Dex) inhibits the repair of human airway epithelial cells and that this process is mediated by glucocorticoid-induced leucine zipper (GILZ) through MAPK-ERK signaling in vitro. Vitamin A (VA) is involved in the regulation of the MAPK-ERK pathway but has not been widely supplied during asthma treatment. It is unclear whether VA attenuates the negative regulation of GILZ on the MAPK-ERK pathway and maintains airway epithelium integrity during asthma treatment. METHODS Female BALB/c mice were sensitized and challenged with ovalbumin (OVA) and subsequently treated with Dex, VA or intranasal inhalation of adenovirus sh-GILZ vectors. Indexes of airway epithelium integrity, including pathological alterations, pulmonary EGFR expression and airway hyperresponsiveness (AHR), were then measured. The expression of GILZ and key components of activated MAPK-ERK signals (p-Raf-1, p-MEK, and p-Erk1/2) were also detected. RESULTS Dex failed to relieve OVA-induced asthma airway epithelium injury, as assessed through H&E staining, EGFR expression and AHR. Moreover, in the OVA-challenged mice treated with Dex, GLIZ expression was increased, whereas the ratios of p-Raf-1/Raf-1, p-MEK/MEK and p-Erk1/2/Erk1/2 were significantly decreased. Further study indicated that GILZ expression was decreased and that the ratios of p-Raf-1/Raf-1, p-MEK/MEK and p-Erk1/2/Erk1/2 were up-regulated in the GILZ-silenced OVA-challenged mice and VA-fed OVA-challenged mice, independent of Dex treatment. The airway epithelium integrity of the OVA-challenged mice was maintained by treatment with both VA and Dex. CONCLUSIONS Vitamin A maintained the Dex-treated asthma airway epithelium via the down-regulation of GILZ expression and the activation MAPK-ERK signaling, and these effects might contribute to improving the effects of GC therapeutics on asthma.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Niu
- Key Laboratory of Pediatrics in Chongqing, Chongqing International Science and Technology Cooperation Center for Child Development and Disorders, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, Chongqing, China.,Department of Respiratory Medicine, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - N Liu
- Key Laboratory of Pediatrics in Chongqing, Chongqing International Science and Technology Cooperation Center for Child Development and Disorders, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, Chongqing, China.,Department of Respiratory Medicine, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - J Liu
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - M Zhang
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - L Ying
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - L Wang
- Key Laboratory of Pediatrics in Chongqing, Chongqing International Science and Technology Cooperation Center for Child Development and Disorders, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, Chongqing, China
| | - D Tian
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - J Dai
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Z Luo
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - E Liu
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - L Zou
- Center for Clinical Molecular Medicine, Chongqing Stem Cell Therapy Technology Research Center, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Z Fu
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
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6
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Bartoš V, Kullová M. Investigation of P120catenin Expression in Human Basal Cell Carcinoma of the Skin. ACTA MEDICA (HRADEC KRALOVE) 2017; 60:32-36. [PMID: 28591550 DOI: 10.14712/18059694.2017.48] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND P120(ctn) is a specific membranous adhesion protein, that maintains the stability of intercellular junctions. An altered expression of p120(ctn), either reduced in the cell membrane or increase in the cytoplasm, plays a crucial role in carcinogenesis. No research has analysed the expression of p120(ctn) in basal cell carcinoma (BCC) of the skin so far. Therefore, we immunohistochemically studied p120(ctn) in a set of cutaneous BCCs in order to determine, whether there is difference in the expression pattern related to the histologic subtypes and tumor growth characteristics. MATERIAL AND METHODS The study group consisted of 38 BCCs cathegorized into low-risk (non-infiltrative) subroup (8 superficial and 12 nodular subtypes) and high-risk (infiltrative) subgroup (10 nodular-infiltrative and 8 infiltrative subtypes). Specific monoclonal antibody against p120(ctn) was used for staining. RESULTS Overall, there were 12 cases (31.6%) with normal preserved and 26 cases (68.4%) with abnormal p120(ctn) expression. In superficial, nodular, nodular-infiltrative and infiltrative subtypes, abnormal p120(ctn) immunoreactivity was found in 37.5% (3/8), 41.7% (5/12), 100% (10/10) and 100% (8/8), respectively. We have confirmed a strong correlation between the expression of p120(ctn) and both given, non-infiltrative and infiltrative BCC growth phenotypes. In the latter subgroup, almost all lesions showed diffusely reduced membranous staining, of which five also manifested an aberrant immunoreactivity in the cytoplasm. This cytoplasmic positivity occurred solely at the invasive front of the infiltrative tumor formations. CONCLUSION Our results showed that decreased membranous expression of p120(ctn) was a frequent event in human cutaneous BCC and it was associated with infiltrative growth phenotype. Considering that nearly half of the BCCs with non-infiltrative growth pattern also exhibited reduced membranous expression, aberrant cytoplasmic immunoreactivity of p120(ctn), which was found exclusively in the high-risk BCC variants, can more reliably reflect and predict biological behaviour and malignant potential.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vladimír Bartoš
- Department of Pathology, Faculty Hospital in Žilina, V. Spanyola 43, Žilina, 012 07, Slovakia.
| | - Milada Kullová
- Department of Dermatovenerology, Faculty Hospital in Žilina, V. Spanyola 43, Žilina, Slovakia
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7
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Brg1 inhibits E-cadherin expression in lung epithelial cells and disrupts epithelial integrity. J Mol Med (Berl) 2017; 95:1117-1126. [PMID: 28801844 DOI: 10.1007/s00109-017-1576-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2016] [Revised: 06/04/2017] [Accepted: 07/28/2017] [Indexed: 12/07/2022]
Abstract
Brahma-related gene-1 (Brg1), a key chromatin remodeling factor, is associated with cell proliferation and migration in kidney and heart cells, but few reports have examined its role in airway epithelial cell. Airway epithelial injury, which is involved in the entire pathological process of asthma, is an important cause of recurrent asthma. Here, we studied the function of Brg1 in an ovalbumin (OVA)-induced asthma model (lung-specific conditional Brg1 (Brg1-/-) knockdown mice) and human bronchial epithelial 16HBE cells stably expressing Brg1 shRNA. Our results showed that high expression of Brg1 was detected in asthmatic children and in mouse models. Brg1-/- mice showed improved airway hyperresponsiveness (AHR) and bronchial epithelial integrity, along with reduced inflammatory cell infiltration and airway mucus secretion, when challenged with OVA. Furthermore, cell proliferation, migration, and expression of E-cadherin increased in 16HBE cells in which Brg1 was silenced. We further demonstrated that Brg1 bound to and inactivated a critical region (-86/+60 bp) within the E-cadherin promoter in bronchial epithelial cells. Thus, Brg1 might act as an important regulator of airway epithelial integrity in asthma progression and might be a novel therapeutic target. KEY MESSAGES • Depletion of Brg1 improves the integrity of airway epithelium in asthma by regulating E-cadherin expression in lung epithelial cells. • Knockdown of Brg1 increased the cell proliferation and migration by human bronchial epithelial 16HBE cells. • Brg1 might bLLe a novel therapeutic target in asthma.
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8
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Kidacki M, Lehman HL, Green MV, Warrick JI, Stairs DB. p120-Catenin Downregulation and PIK3CA Mutations Cooperate to Induce Invasion through MMP1 in HNSCC. Mol Cancer Res 2017. [PMID: 28637905 DOI: 10.1158/1541-7786.mcr-17-0108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Despite recent improvements in treatment for head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC), half of all patients with a regional or advanced disease will die within 5 years from diagnosis. Therefore, identification of mechanisms driving the aggressive behavior of HNSCC is of utmost importance. Because p120-catenin (CTNND1/P120CTN) downregulation and PIK3CA mutations are commonly found in HNSCC, the objective of this study was to identify their impact on fundamental processes of metastasis, specifically, migration and invasion. Furthermore, this study aimed to identify the key effector proteins regulated by P120CTN downregulation and PIK3CA mutations. Studies using oral keratinocytes demonstrated that P120CTN downregulation and PIK3CA mutations increased migration and invasion. In addition, P120CTN downregulation and PIK3CA mutations resulted in elevated matrix metallopeptidase 1 (MMP1) levels. Inhibition of MMP1 resulted in decreased invasion, suggesting that MMP1 plays a critical role in HNSCC invasion. Moreover, analysis of HNSCC patient specimens from The Cancer Genome Atlas confirmed these findings. Tumors with low P120CTN and PI3K pathway mutations have higher levels of MMP1 compared to tumors with high P120CTN and no PI3K pathway mutations. In conclusion, this study demonstrates that P120CTN downregulation and PIK3CA mutations promote MMP1-driven invasion, providing a potential novel target for limiting metastasis in HNSCC.Implications: Because of its role in invasion, MMP1 represents a novel, potential target for limiting metastasis in a subset of HNSCCs with P120CTN downregulation and PIK3CA mutations. Mol Cancer Res; 15(10); 1398-409. ©2017 AACR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michal Kidacki
- Department of Pathology, Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, Pennsylvania
| | - Heather L Lehman
- Department of Pathology, Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, Pennsylvania
| | - Michelle V Green
- Department of Pathology, Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, Pennsylvania
| | - Joshua I Warrick
- Department of Pathology, Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, Pennsylvania
| | - Douglas B Stairs
- Department of Pathology, Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, Pennsylvania.
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Duñach M, Del Valle-Pérez B, García de Herreros A. p120-catenin in canonical Wnt signaling. Crit Rev Biochem Mol Biol 2017; 52:327-339. [PMID: 28276699 DOI: 10.1080/10409238.2017.1295920] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Canonical Wnt signaling controls β-catenin protein stabilization, its translocation to the nucleus and the activation of β-catenin/Tcf-4-dependent transcription. In this review, we revise and discuss the recent results describing actions of p120-catenin in different phases of this pathway. More specifically, we comment its involvement in four different steps: (i) the very early activation of CK1ɛ, essential for Dvl-2 binding to the Wnt receptor complex; (ii) the internalization of GSK3 and Axin into multivesicular bodies, necessary for a complete stabilization of β-catenin; (iii) the activation of Rac1 small GTPase, required for β-catenin translocation to the nucleus; and (iv) the release of the inhibitory action caused by Kaiso transcriptional repressor. We integrate these new results with the previously known action of other elements in this pathway, giving a particular relevance to the responses of the Wnt pathway not required for β-catenin stabilization but for β-catenin transcriptional activity. Moreover, we discuss the possible future implications, suggesting that the two cellular compartments where β-catenin is localized, thus, the adherens junction complex and the Wnt signalosome, are more physically connected that previously thought.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mireia Duñach
- a Departament de Bioquímica i Biologia Molecular, CEB, Facultat de Medicina , Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona , Bellaterra , Spain
| | - Beatriz Del Valle-Pérez
- a Departament de Bioquímica i Biologia Molecular, CEB, Facultat de Medicina , Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona , Bellaterra , Spain
| | - Antonio García de Herreros
- b Programa de Recerca en Càncer , Institut Hospital del Mar d'Investigacions Mèdiques (IMIM) , Barcelona , Spain.,c Departament de Ciències Experimentals i de la Salut , Universitat Pompeu Fabra , Barcelona , Spain
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10
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Shan B, Man H, Liu J, Wang L, Zhu T, Ma M, Xv Z, Chen X, Yang X, Li P. TIM-3 promotes the metastasis of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma by targeting epithelial-mesenchymal transition via the Akt/GSK-3β/Snail signaling pathway. Oncol Rep 2016; 36:1551-61. [PMID: 27430162 DOI: 10.3892/or.2016.4938] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2016] [Accepted: 03/18/2016] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
T-cell immunoglobulin and mucin domain-con-taining protein-3 (TIM-3), a negative regulator of antitumor immune response, has been demonstrated to be involved in the onset and progression of several types of malignancies. The present study aimed to determine whether and how TIM‑3 plays such a role in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC). TIM-3 expression was analyzed by immunohistochemistry and real‑time fluorescence quantitative PCR (qRT‑PCR) in ESCC and matched adjacent normal tissues. Functional experiments in vitro were performed to elucidate the effect of TIM‑3 knockdown on the proliferation, apoptosis, migration, invasion and epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) in Eca109 and TE‑1 cell lines. Our data revealed that TIM‑3 expression was significantly elevated at both the mRNA and protein levels in ESCC tissues compared with the levels in the matched adjacent normal tissues (both P<0.001). TIM‑3 expression was significantly associated with lymph node metastasis (P=0.008), tumor‑node‑metastasis (TNM) stage (P=0.042) and depth of tumor invasion (P=0.042). In addition, we observed a strong correlation between high TIM‑3 expression and a worse overall survival of ESCC patients (P=0.001). Functional study demonstrated that TIM‑3 knockdown markedly inhibited proliferation, migration and invasion of ESCC cell lines without affecting apoptosis. In addition, TIM‑3 depletion was associated with downregulation of matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-9 and upregulation of tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase (TIMP)-1, and with reversion of EMT, as reflected by higher levels of the epithelial marker E‑cadherin and lower levels of the mesenchymal markers N‑cadherin and vimentin. Further study found that TIM‑3 depletion suppressed the signaling pathway involving p‑Akt, p‑GSK‑3β and Snail. Taken together, these results suggest that TIM‑3 is a novel therapeutic target and prognostic biomarker for ESCC and promotes metastasis of ESCC by inducing EMT via, at least partially, the Akt/GSK-3β/Snail signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Baoen Shan
- Research Center, The Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei 050011, P.R. China
| | - Hongwei Man
- Research Center, The Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei 050011, P.R. China
| | - Junfeng Liu
- The Third Department of Thoracic Surgery, The Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei 050011, P.R. China
| | - Ling Wang
- Research Center, The Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei 050011, P.R. China
| | - Tienian Zhu
- Department of Oncology, Bethune International Peace Hospital, Shijiazhuang, Hebei 050082, P.R. China
| | - Ming Ma
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei 050011, P.R. China
| | - Zhili Xv
- Department of Urology, The Third Hospital of Shijiazhuang, Shijiazhuang, Hebei 050011, P.R. China
| | - Xinran Chen
- Research Center, The Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei 050011, P.R. China
| | - Xingxiao Yang
- Department of Infection Control, The Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei 050011, P.R. China
| | - Pengfei Li
- Research Center, The Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei 050011, P.R. China
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Triptolide Inhibited Cytotoxicity of Differentiated PC12 Cells Induced by Amyloid-Beta₂₅₋₃₅ via the Autophagy Pathway. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0142719. [PMID: 26554937 PMCID: PMC4640509 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0142719] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2015] [Accepted: 10/26/2015] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Evidence shows that an abnormal deposition of amyloid beta-peptide25–35 (Aβ25–35) was the primary cause of the pathogenesis of Alzheimer’s disease (AD). And the elimination of Aβ25–35 is considered an important target for the treatment of AD. Triptolide (TP), isolated from Tripterygium wilfordii Hook.f. (TWHF), has been shown to possess a broad spectrum of biological profiles, including neurotrophic and neuroprotective effects. In our study investigating the effect and potential mechanism of triptolide on cytotoxicity of differentiated rat pheochromocytoma cell line (the PC12 cell line is often used as a neuronal developmental model) induced by Amyloid-Beta25–35 (Aβ25–35), we used 3-(4, 5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2, 5- diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay, flow cytometry, Western blot, and acridine orange staining to detect whether triptolide could inhibit Aβ25–35–induced cell apoptosis. We focused on the potential role of the autophagy pathway in Aβ25–35-treated differentiated PC12 cells. Our experiments show that cell viability is significantly decreased, and the apoptosis increased in Aβ25–35-treated differentiated PC12 cells. Meanwhile, Aβ25–35 treatment increased the expression of microtubule-associated protein light chain 3 II (LC3 II), which indicates an activation of autophagy. However, triptolide could protect differentiated PC12 cells against Aβ25–35-induced cytotoxicity and attenuate Aβ25–35-induced differentiated PC12 cell apoptosis. Triptolide could also suppress the level of autophagy. In order to assess the effect of autophagy on the protective effects of triptolide in differentiated PC12 cells treated with Aβ25–35, we used 3-Methyladenine (3-MA, an autophagy inhibitor) and rapamycin (an autophagy activator). MTT assay showed that 3-MA elevated cell viability compared with the Aβ25–35-treated group and rapamycin inhibits the protection of triptolide. These results suggest that triptolide will repair the neurological damage in AD caused by deposition of Aβ25–35 via the autophagy pathway, all of which may provide an exciting view of the potential application of triptolide or TWHF as a future research for AD.
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Hong JY, Oh IH, McCrea PD. Phosphorylation and isoform use in p120-catenin during development and tumorigenesis. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-MOLECULAR CELL RESEARCH 2015; 1863:102-14. [PMID: 26477567 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbamcr.2015.10.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2015] [Revised: 10/12/2015] [Accepted: 10/13/2015] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
P120-catenin is essential to vertebrate development, modulating cadherin and small-GTPase functions, and growing evidence points also to roles in the nucleus. A complexity in addressing p120-catenin's functions is its many isoforms, including optional splicing events, alternative points of translational initiation, and secondary modifications. In this review, we focus upon how choices in the initiation of protein translation, or the earlier splicing of the RNA transcript, relates to primary sequences that harbor established or putative regulatory phosphorylation sites. While certain p120 phosphorylation events arise via known kinases/phosphatases and have defined outcomes, in most cases the functional consequences are still to be established. In this review, we provide examples of p120-isoforms as they relate to phosphorylation events, and thereby to isoform dependent protein-protein associations and downstream functions. We also provide a view of upstream pathways that determine p120's phosphorylation state, and that have an impact upon development and disease. Because other members of the p120 subfamily undergo similar processing and phosphorylation, as well as related catenins of the plakophilin subfamily, what is learned regarding p120 will by extension have wide relevance in vertebrates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ji Yeon Hong
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Severance Biomedical Science Institute, Yonsei University College of Medicine, 50 Yonsei-ro, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul 120-752, Republic of Korea.
| | - Il-Hoan Oh
- The Catholic University of Korea, Catholic High Performance Cell Therapy Center, 505 Banpo-dong, Seocho-Ku, Seoul 137-701, Republic of Korea
| | - Pierre D McCrea
- Department of Genetics, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, University of Texas Graduate School of Biomedical Science, Houston, TX 77030, USA.
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Yu F, Lu Z, Chen B, Wu X, Dong P, Zheng J. Salvianolic acid B-induced microRNA-152 inhibits liver fibrosis by attenuating DNMT1-mediated Patched1 methylation. J Cell Mol Med 2015; 19:2617-32. [PMID: 26257392 PMCID: PMC4627567 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.12655] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2015] [Accepted: 06/23/2015] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) was reported to be involved in the activation of hepatic stellate cells (HSCs), contributing to the development of liver fibrosis. Epithelial-mesenchymal transition can be promoted by the Hedgehog (Hh) pathway. Patched1 (PTCH1), a negative regulatory factor of the Hh signalling pathway, was down-regulated during liver fibrosis and associated with its hypermethylation status. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are reported to play a critical role in the control of various HSCs functions. However, miRNA-mediated epigenetic regulations in EMT during liver fibrosis are seldom studied. In this study, Salvianolic acid B (Sal B) suppressed the activation of HSCs in CCl4-treated mice and mouse primary HSCs, leading to inhibition of cell proliferation, type I collagen and alpha-smooth muscle actin. We demonstrated that the antifibrotic effects caused by Sal B were, at least in part, via inhibition of EMT and the Hh pathway. In particular, up-regulation of PTCH1 was associated with decreased DNA methylation level after Sal B treatment. Accordingly, DNA methyltransferase 1 (DNMT1) was attenuated by Sal B in vivo and in vitro. The knockdown of DNMT1 in Sal B-treated HSCs enhanced PTCH1 expression and its demethylation level. Interestingly, increased miR-152 in Sal B-treated cells was responsible for the hypomethylation of PTCH1 by Sal B. As confirmed by the luciferase activity assay, DNMT1 was a direct target of miR-152. Further studies showed that the miR-152 inhibitor reversed Sal B-mediated PTCH1 up-regulation and DNMT1 down-regulation. Collectively, miR-152 induced by Sal B, contributed to DNMT1 down-regulation and epigenetically regulated PTCH1, resulting in the inhibition of EMT in liver fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fujun Yu
- Department of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Zhongqiu Lu
- Emergency Department, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Bicheng Chen
- Key Laboratory of Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Xiaoli Wu
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Peihong Dong
- Department of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Jianjian Zheng
- Key Laboratory of Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
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