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Isolani R, Pilatti F, de Paula MN, Valone L, da Silva EL, de Oliveira Caleare A, Seixas FAV, Hensel A, Mello JCPD. Limonium brasiliense rhizomes extract against virulence factors of Porphyromonas gingivalis: Inhibition of gingipains, bacterial adhesion, and biofilm formation. Fitoterapia 2024; 177:106120. [PMID: 38992475 DOI: 10.1016/j.fitote.2024.106120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2023] [Revised: 07/07/2024] [Accepted: 07/08/2024] [Indexed: 07/13/2024]
Abstract
Periodontitis is clinically characterized by destruction of the tooth support system and tooth loss. Porphyromonas gingivalis (Pg) plays a dominant role in periodontitis. Fractions and isolated compounds from an acetone-water extract of the roots of Limonium brasiliense (Lb) were tested in vitro for their anti-adhesive capacity against Pg on human KB buccal cells, influence on gingipains, the main virulence factors of Pg, and biofilm formation. Fractions EAF and FLB7 (50 μg/mL) reduced the bacterial adhesion of Pg to KB cells significantly (63 resp. 70%). The proanthocyanidin samarangenin A inhibited the adhesion (72%, 30 μM), samarangenin B (71%, 20 μM), and the flavan-3-ol epigallocatechin-3-O-gallate (79%, 30 μM). Fraction AQF, representing hydrophilic compounds, reduced the proteolytic activity of Arginin-specific gingipain (IC50 12.78 μg/mL). Fractions EAF and FLB7, characterized by lipohilic constituents, inhibited Arg-gingipain (IC50 3 μg/mL). On Lysine-specific gingipain, AQF has an IC50 15.89, EAF 14.15, and FLB7 6 μg/mL. The reduced bacterial adhesion is due to a strong interaction of proanthocyanidins with gingipains. AQF, EAF, and FLB7 significantly inhibited biofilm formation: IC50 11.34 (AQF), 11.66 (EAF), and 12.09 μg/mL (FLB7). In silico analysis indicated, that the polyphenols act against specific targets of Pg, not affecting mammalian cells. Therefore, Lb might be effective for prevention of periodontal disease by influencing virulence factors of Pg.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raquel Isolani
- Pharmaceutical Biology Laboratory, Palafito; Postgraduate Program in Pharmaceutical Sciences, State University of Maringá, Maringá, Paraná, Brazil
| | - Fernanda Pilatti
- Pharmaceutical Biology Laboratory, Palafito; Postgraduate Program in Pharmaceutical Sciences, State University of Maringá, Maringá, Paraná, Brazil
| | - Mariana Nascimento de Paula
- Pharmaceutical Biology Laboratory, Palafito; Postgraduate Program in Pharmaceutical Sciences, State University of Maringá, Maringá, Paraná, Brazil
| | - Larissa Valone
- Pharmaceutical Biology Laboratory, Palafito; Postgraduate Program in Pharmaceutical Sciences, State University of Maringá, Maringá, Paraná, Brazil
| | - Eloisa Lorenzi da Silva
- Pharmaceutical Biology Laboratory, Palafito; Postgraduate Program in Pharmaceutical Sciences, State University of Maringá, Maringá, Paraná, Brazil
| | - Angelo de Oliveira Caleare
- Laboratory of Technological Innovation in the Development of Drugs and Cosmetics; Postgraduate Program in Biological Sciences, State University of Maringá, Maringá, Paraná, Brazil
| | | | - Andreas Hensel
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Biology and Phytochemistry, University of Münster, Münster, NRW, Germany
| | - João Carlos Palazzo de Mello
- Pharmaceutical Biology Laboratory, Palafito; Postgraduate Program in Pharmaceutical Sciences, State University of Maringá, Maringá, Paraná, Brazil.
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2
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Liu Y, Yin T, He M, Fang C, Peng S. The relationship of dietary flavonoids and periodontitis in US population: a cross-sectional NHANES analysis. Clin Oral Investig 2024; 28:168. [PMID: 38396151 DOI: 10.1007/s00784-024-05561-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2023] [Accepted: 02/14/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES We investigated the association between dietary flavonoids intake and periodontitis. MATERIALS AND METHODS This cross-sectional study analyzed data from the US National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2009-2010 on 3025 participants aged between 30 and 80 years who had full-mouth periodontal examination and dietary flavonoids intake data. This study used periodontal pocket depth (PPD) and clinical attachment loss (CAL) as periodontitis markers. Data were analyzed using multivariate linear regression. RESULTS After adjusting confounders, the middle tertile of total dietary flavonoids was associated with decreased mean PPD (0.06 mm, P = 0.016) and mean CAL (0.13 mm, P = 0.001) and the top tertile of total dietary flavonoids was significantly associated with decreases in mean PPD (0.05 mm, P = 0.029) and mean CAL (0.11 mm, P = 0.010). Both the middle and top tertiles of total flavonoids intake were significantly related with decreased mean CAL in females, those flossing 0 days/week, overweight and non-diabetic population but not in males, smokers, those flossing 1-6 days/week and diabetic population. Higher anthocyanidins, flavones and flavonols intake was significantly associated with decreased mean PPD and mean CAL while higher flavanones intake was only significantly associated with decreased mean CAL. Higher anthocyanidins intake was particularly related with greatest decreases in mean CAL (top tertile: 0.22 mm, middle tertile: 0.17 mm, both P < 0.010). However, no significant associations were found between isoflavones and flavan_3_ols intake and mean CAL. CONCLUSIONS Higher dietary flavonoids intake may be beneficial for periodontal health. CLINICAL RELEVANCE Additional anthocyanidins, flavanones, flavones and flavonols intake was associated with improved periodontal health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yundong Liu
- Health Management Center, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, 87 Xiangya Road, Changsha, Hunan, 410008, P.R. China.
| | - Tao Yin
- Changsha Health Vocational College, Changsha, Hunan, 410605, P.R. China
| | - Mi He
- Department of Stomatology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410008, P.R. China
| | - Changyun Fang
- Department of Stomatology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410008, P.R. China
| | - Shifang Peng
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, 87 Xiangya Road, Changsha, Hunan, 410008, P.R. China.
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3
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Kreling V, Falcone FH, Herrmann F, Kemper L, Amiteye D, Cord-Landwehr S, Kehrenberg C, Moerschbacher BM, Hensel A. High molecular/low acetylated chitosans reduce adhesion of Campylobacter jejuni to host cells by blocking JlpA. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2024; 108:171. [PMID: 38265503 PMCID: PMC10810038 DOI: 10.1007/s00253-024-13000-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2023] [Revised: 12/21/2023] [Accepted: 12/30/2023] [Indexed: 01/25/2024]
Abstract
Infections caused by Campylobacter spp. are a major cause of severe enteritis worldwide. Multifactorial prevention strategies are necessary to reduce the prevalence of Campylobacter. In particular, antiadhesive strategies with specific inhibitors of early host-pathogen interaction are promising approaches to reduce the bacterial load. An in vitro flow cytometric adhesion assay was established to study the influence of carbohydrates on the adhesion of C. jejuni to Caco-2 cells. Chitosans with a high degree of polymerization and low degree of acetylation were identified as potent antiadhesive compounds, exerting significant reduction of C. jejuni adhesion to Caco-2 cells at non-toxic concentrations. Antiadhesive and also anti-invasive effects were verified by confocal laser scanning microscopy. For target identification, C. jejuni adhesins FlpA and JlpA were expressed in Escherichia coli ArcticExpress, and the influence of chitosan on binding to fibronectin and HSP90α, respectively, was investigated. While no effects on FlpA binding were found, a strong inhibition of JlpA-HSP90α binding was observed. To simulate real-life conditions, chicken meat was inoculated with C. jejuni, treated with antiadhesive chitosan, and the bacterial load was quantified. A strong reduction of C. jejuni load was observed. Atomic force microscopy revealed morphological changes of C. jejuni after 2 h of chitosan treatment, indicating disturbance of the cell wall and sacculi formation by electrostatic interaction of positively charged chitosan with the negatively charged cell surface. In conclusion, our data indicate promising antiadhesive and anti-invasive potential of high molecular weight, strongly de-acetylated chitosans for reducing C. jejuni load in livestock and food production. KEY POINTS: • Antiadhesive effects of chitosan with high DP/low DA against C. jejuni to host cells • Specific targeting of JlpA/Hsp90α interaction by chitosan • Meat treatment with chitosan reduces C. jejuni load.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vanessa Kreling
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Biology and Phytochemistry, University of Münster, Corrensstraße 48, 48149, Münster, Germany
| | - Franco H Falcone
- Institute of Parasitology, Justus Liebig University Giessen, Schubertstraße 81, 35392, Giessen, Germany
| | - Fabian Herrmann
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Biology and Phytochemistry, University of Münster, Corrensstraße 48, 48149, Münster, Germany
| | - Leon Kemper
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Biology and Phytochemistry, University of Münster, Corrensstraße 48, 48149, Münster, Germany
| | - Daniel Amiteye
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Biology and Phytochemistry, University of Münster, Corrensstraße 48, 48149, Münster, Germany
| | - Stefan Cord-Landwehr
- Institute of Plant Biology and Biotechnology, University of Münster, Schlossplatz 8, 48143, Münster, Germany
| | - Corinna Kehrenberg
- Institute of Veterinary Food Science, Justus Liebig University Giessen, Frankfurter Straße 92, 35392, Giessen, Germany
| | - Bruno M Moerschbacher
- Institute of Plant Biology and Biotechnology, University of Münster, Schlossplatz 8, 48143, Münster, Germany
| | - Andreas Hensel
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Biology and Phytochemistry, University of Münster, Corrensstraße 48, 48149, Münster, Germany.
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Samreen, Ahmad I, Siddiqui SA, Naseer A, Nazir A. Efflux Pump Inhibition-Based Screening and Anti-Infective Evaluation of Punica granatum Against Bacterial Pathogens. Curr Microbiol 2023; 81:51. [PMID: 38151670 DOI: 10.1007/s00284-023-03572-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2023] [Accepted: 11/23/2023] [Indexed: 12/29/2023]
Abstract
Drug efflux pumps contribute to bacterial multidrug resistance (MDR), reducing antibiotic effectiveness and causing treatment failures. Besides their role in MDR, efflux pumps also assist in the transportation of quorum sensing (QS) signal molecules and increased the tolerance of biofilms. Recently, the search for efflux pump inhibitors from natural sources, including anti-infective plants, has gained attention as a potential therapy against drug-resistant bacteria. In this study, 19 traditional Indian medicinal plants were screened for their efflux pump inhibitory activity against Escherichia coli TGI. The promising extract, i.e., Punica granatum was subsequently fractioned in the solvents of increasing polarity. Among them, at sub-MIC active EPI fraction was PGEF (P. granatum ethyl acetate fraction), further investigated for anti-infective potential against Chromobacterium violaceum 12,472, Pseudomonas aeruginosa PAO1, and Serratia marcescens MTCC 97. PGEF was also evaluated for in vivo efficacy in Caenorhabditis elegans model. Major phytocompounds were analyzed by mass spectroscopic techniques. At respective Sub-MIC, PGEF reduced violacein production by 71.14% in C. violaceum 12,472. Moreover, PGEF inhibited pyocyanin (64.72%), pyoverdine (48.17%), protease (51.35%), and swarming motility (44.82%) of P. aeruginosa PAO1. Furthermore, PGEF reduced the production of prodigiosin and exoprotease by 64.73% and 61.80%, respectively. Similarly, at sub-MIC, PGEF inhibited (≥ 50%) biofilm development in all test pathogens. The key phytocompounds detected in active fraction include 5-hydroxymethylfurfural, trans-p-coumaric acid 4- glucoside, (-)-Epicatechin 3'-O-glucuronide, and ellagic acid. Interestingly, PGEF also demonstrated anti-infective efficacy against the PAO1-infected C. elegans test model and highlighting its therapeutic potential as an anti-infective agent to combat drug-resistant problems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samreen
- Department of Agricultural Microbiology, Faculty of Agricultural Sciences, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, 202002, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Iqbal Ahmad
- Department of Agricultural Microbiology, Faculty of Agricultural Sciences, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, 202002, Uttar Pradesh, India.
| | - Shirjeel Ahmad Siddiqui
- Department of Agricultural Microbiology, Faculty of Agricultural Sciences, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, 202002, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Anam Naseer
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, 201002, India
- Division of Toxicology & Experimental Medicine, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute, Lucknow, 226031, India
| | - Aamir Nazir
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, 201002, India
- Division of Toxicology & Experimental Medicine, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute, Lucknow, 226031, India
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5
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Selbach S, Klocke A, Peters U, Beckert S, Watt RM, Tong R, Flemmig TF, Hensel A, Beikler T. Microbiological and Clinical Effects of a Proanthocyanidin-enriched Extract from Rumex acetosa in Periodontally Healthy Carriers of Porphyromonas gingivalis: a Randomized Controlled Pilot Study. PLANTA MEDICA 2023; 89:1052-1062. [PMID: 34953469 DOI: 10.1055/a-1728-2249] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Rumex acetosa significantly inhibits the adhesion of Porphyromonas gingivalis (P. g.) to eukaryotic host cells in vitro. The objective of this randomized placebo-controlled pilot-trial was to analyze effects of a mouth rinse containing 0.8% (w/w) of a quantified proanthocyanidin-enriched extract from Rumex acetosa (RA1) on microbiological, clinical, and cytological parameters in systemically healthy individuals without history of periodontitis, harboring P. g. intraorally. 35 subjects received a supragingival debridement (SD) followed by mouth rinsing (3 times daily) with either RA1 mouth rinse solution (test) or placebo (control) for 7 days as adjunct to routine oral hygiene. Supragingival biofilm samples were taken at screening visit, baseline (BL), 2, 4, 7 and 14 days after SD. P. g. and 11 other oral microorganisms were detected and quantified by rtPCR. Changes in the oral microbiota composition of one test and one control subject were assessed via high throughput 16S rRNS gene amplicon sequencing. Approximal Plaque Index (API) and the modified Sulcular Bleeding Index (SBI) were assessed at BL, 7- and 14-days following SD. Brush biopsies were taken at BL and 14 d following SD. Intergroup comparisons revealed no significant microbiological, cytological, and clinical differences at any timepoint. However, a significant reduction in SBI at day 14 (p = 0.003) and API at day 7 (p = 0.02) and day 14 (p = 0.009) was found in the test group by intragroup comparison. No severe adverse events were observed. The results indicate that RA1 mouth rinse is safe but does not seem to inhibit colonization of P. g. or improve periodontal health following SD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sabine Selbach
- Adelaide Dental School, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, Australia
| | | | - Ulrike Peters
- Department of Periodontics, Preventive and Restorative Dentistry, University Medical Center Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Sabine Beckert
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Biology and Phytochemistry, University of Münster, Münster, Germany
| | - Rory Munro Watt
- Faculty of Dentistry, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, Peoples' Republic of China
| | - Raymond Tong
- Faculty of Dentistry, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, Peoples' Republic of China
| | - Thomas Frank Flemmig
- Faculty of Dentistry, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, Peoples' Republic of China
| | - Andreas Hensel
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Biology and Phytochemistry, University of Münster, Münster, Germany
| | - Thomas Beikler
- Department of Periodontics, Preventive and Restorative Dentistry, University Medical Center Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
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6
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Pilatti F, Isolani R, Valone L, de Paula MN, Caleare ADO, Ferreira SBDS, Bruschi ML, de Medeiros Araújo DC, Guedes TA, Hensel A, de Mello JCP. Microstructured Polymer System Containing Proanthocyanidin-Enriched Extract from Limonium brasiliense as a Prophylaxis Strategy to Prevent Recurrence of Porphyromonas gingivalis. PLANTA MEDICA 2023; 89:1074-1086. [PMID: 35598603 DOI: 10.1055/a-1858-6898] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Periodontal diseases are a global oral health problem affecting almost 10% of the global population. Porphyromonas gingivalis is one of the main bacteria involved in the initiation and progression of inflammatory processes as a result of the action of the cysteine proteases lysin- and arginine-gingipain. Surelease/polycarbophil microparticles containing a lyophilized proanthocyanidin-enriched fraction from the rhizomes of Limonium brasiliense, traditionally named "baicuru" (ethyl acetate fraction), were manufactured. The ethyl acetate fraction was characterized by UHPLC by the presence of samarangenins A and B (12.10 ± 0.07 and 21.05 ± 0.44%, respectively) and epigallocatechin-3-O-gallate (13.44 ± 0.27%). Physiochemical aspects of Surelease/polycarbophil microparticles were characterized concerning particle size, zeta potential, entrapment efficiency, ethyl acetate fraction release, and mucoadhesion. Additionally, the presence of the ethyl acetate fraction-loaded microparticles was performed concerning potential influence on viability of human buccal KB cells, P. gingivalis adhesion to KB cells, gingipain activity, and P. gingivalis biofilm formation. In general, all Surelease/polycarbophil microparticles tested showed strong adhesion to porcine cheek mucosa (93.1 ± 4.2% in a 30-min test), associated with a prolonged release of the ethyl acetate fraction (up to 16.5 ± 0.8% in 24 h). Preincubation of KB cells with Surelease/polycarbophil microparticles (25 µg/mL) resulted in an up to 93 ± 2% reduced infection rate by P. gingivalis. Decreased activity of the P. gingivalis-specific virulence factors lysin- and arginine-gingipain proteases by Surelease/polycarbophil microparticles was confirmed. Surelease/polycarbophil microparticles decreased biofilm formation of P. gingivalis (97 ± 2% at 60 µg/mL). Results from this study prove the promising activity of Surelease/polycarbophil microparticles containing ethyl acetate fraction microparticles as a prophylaxis strategy to prevent the recurrence of P. gingivalis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fernanda Pilatti
- Postgraduate Program in Pharmaceutical Sciences, Palafito, Universidade Estadual de Maringá, Maringá, Brazil
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Biology and Phytochemistry, University of Münster, Münster, Germany
| | - Raquel Isolani
- Postgraduate Program in Pharmaceutical Sciences, Palafito, Universidade Estadual de Maringá, Maringá, Brazil
| | - Larissa Valone
- Postgraduate Program in Pharmaceutical Sciences, Palafito, Universidade Estadual de Maringá, Maringá, Brazil
| | - Mariana Nascimento de Paula
- Postgraduate Program in Pharmaceutical Sciences, Palafito, Universidade Estadual de Maringá, Maringá, Brazil
| | - Angelo de Oliveira Caleare
- Postgraduate Program in Pharmaceutical Sciences, Palafito, Universidade Estadual de Maringá, Maringá, Brazil
| | | | - Marcos Luciano Bruschi
- Postgraduate Program in Pharmaceutical Sciences, Palafito, Universidade Estadual de Maringá, Maringá, Brazil
| | | | | | - Andreas Hensel
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Biology and Phytochemistry, University of Münster, Münster, Germany
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7
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Xie Y, Deng Q, Guo M, Li X, Xian D, Zhong J. Proanthocyanidins: A novel approach to Henoch‑Schonlein purpura through balancing immunity and arresting oxidative stress via TLR4/MyD88/NF‑κB signaling pathway (Review). Exp Ther Med 2023; 25:300. [PMID: 37229322 PMCID: PMC10203752 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2023.11999] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2022] [Accepted: 04/04/2023] [Indexed: 05/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Henoch-Schonlein purpura (HSP), a recurrent and immunoglobulin (Ig)A-mediated vasculitis, presents not only as skin lesions but also as systemic involvement that can be life-threatening. Although the etiology of HSP remains unknown, immune imbalance and oxidative stress (OS) are primary contributors to its pathogenesis, alongside the abnormal activation of Toll-like receptor (TLR)/myeloid differentiation primary response gene 88 (MyD88)/nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) pathway. TLRs, especially TLR4, stimulate downstream signaling molecules such as NF-κB and proinflammatory cytokines, which are released when TLRs combine with the key adapter molecule MyD88. This leads to the activation of T helper (Th) cell 2/Th17 and overproduction of reactive oxygen species (ROS). The function of regulatory T (Treg) cells is suppressed in the process. Th17/Treg imbalance then produces various inflammatory cytokines to promote proliferation and differentiation of B cells and the secretion of antibodies. IgA is secreted, and it binds to vascular endothelial surface receptors where the complex induces injury of the vascular endothelial cells. Additionally, excessive ROS creates OS that leads to an inflammatory response and vascular cell apoptosis or necrosis, thereby contributing to vascular endothelial damage and HSP occurrence. Proanthocyanidins are active compounds naturally enriched in fruits, vegetables and plants. Proanthocyanidins have diverse properties, including anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, antibacterial, immunoregulatory, anticarcinogenic and vascular protective effects. Proanthocyanidins are used in the management of various diseases. Proanthocyanidins regulate T cells, equilibrate immunity and arrest OS by inhibiting the TLR4/MyD88/NF-κB signaling pathway. Considering the pathogenesis of HSP and the properties of proanthocyanidins, the present study hypothesized that these compounds may potentially lead to HSP recovery through modulating the immune equilibrium and preventing OS by inhibiting the TLR4/MyD88/NF-κB pathway. To the best of our knowledge, however, little is known about the positive effects of proanthocyanidins against HSP. The present review summarizes the potential of proanthocyanidins to treat HSP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuxin Xie
- Department of Dermatology, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan 646000, P.R. China
| | - Qiyan Deng
- Department of Dermatology, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan 646000, P.R. China
| | - Menglu Guo
- Department of Dermatology, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan 646000, P.R. China
| | - Xiaolong Li
- Department of Dermatology, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan 646000, P.R. China
| | - Deihai Xian
- Department of Neurobiology, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan 646000, P.R. China
| | - Jianqiao Zhong
- Department of Dermatology, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan 646000, P.R. China
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Van Holm W, Carvalho R, Delanghe L, Eilers T, Zayed N, Mermans F, Bernaerts K, Boon N, Claes I, Lebeer S, Teughels W. Antimicrobial potential of known and novel probiotics on in vitro periodontitis biofilms. NPJ Biofilms Microbiomes 2023; 9:3. [PMID: 36681674 PMCID: PMC9867767 DOI: 10.1038/s41522-023-00370-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2022] [Accepted: 01/04/2023] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Several oral diseases are characterized by a shift within the oral microbiome towards a pathogenic, dysbiotic composition. Broad-spectrum antimicrobials are often part of patient care. However, because of the rising antibiotic resistance, alternatives are increasingly desirable. Alternatively, supplying beneficial species through probiotics is increasingly showing favorable results. Unfortunately, these probiotics are rarely evaluated comparatively. In this study, the in vitro effects of three known and three novel Lactobacillus strains, together with four novel Streptococcus salivarius strains were comparatively evaluated for antagonistic effects on proximal agar growth, antimicrobial properties of probiotic supernatant and the probiotic's effects on in vitro periodontal biofilms. Strain-specific effects were observed as differences in efficacy between genera and differences within genera. While some of the Lactobacillus candidates were able to reduce the periodontal pathobiont A. actinomycetemcomitans, the S. salivarius strains were not. However, the S. salivarius strains were more effective against periodontal pathobionts P. intermedia, P. gingivalis, and F. nucleatum. Vexingly, most of the Lactobacillus strains also negatively affected the prevalence of commensal species within the biofilms, while this was lower for S. salivarius strains. Both within lactobacilli and streptococci, some strains showed significantly more inhibition of the pathobionts, indicating the importance of proper strain selection. Additionally, some species showed reductions in non-target species, which can result in unexpected and unexplored effects on the whole microbiome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wannes Van Holm
- grid.5596.f0000 0001 0668 7884Department of Oral Health Sciences, University of Leuven (KU Leuven), Leuven, Belgium ,grid.5342.00000 0001 2069 7798Centre for Microbial Ecology and Technology (CMET), Ghent University (UGent), Gent, Belgium
| | - Rita Carvalho
- grid.5596.f0000 0001 0668 7884Department of Oral Health Sciences, University of Leuven (KU Leuven), Leuven, Belgium
| | - Lize Delanghe
- grid.5284.b0000 0001 0790 3681Department of Bioscience Engineering, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Tom Eilers
- grid.5284.b0000 0001 0790 3681Department of Bioscience Engineering, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Naiera Zayed
- grid.5596.f0000 0001 0668 7884Department of Oral Health Sciences, University of Leuven (KU Leuven), Leuven, Belgium ,grid.5342.00000 0001 2069 7798Centre for Microbial Ecology and Technology (CMET), Ghent University (UGent), Gent, Belgium ,grid.411775.10000 0004 0621 4712Faculty of Pharmacy, Menoufia University, Shibin el Kom, Egypt
| | - Fabian Mermans
- grid.5342.00000 0001 2069 7798Centre for Microbial Ecology and Technology (CMET), Ghent University (UGent), Gent, Belgium
| | - Kristel Bernaerts
- grid.5596.f0000 0001 0668 7884Bio- and Chemical Systems Technology, Reactor Engineering and Safety, Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Leuven (KU Leuven), Leuven, Belgium
| | - Nico Boon
- grid.5342.00000 0001 2069 7798Centre for Microbial Ecology and Technology (CMET), Ghent University (UGent), Gent, Belgium
| | | | - Sarah Lebeer
- grid.5284.b0000 0001 0790 3681Department of Bioscience Engineering, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Wim Teughels
- grid.5596.f0000 0001 0668 7884Department of Oral Health Sciences, University of Leuven (KU Leuven), Leuven, Belgium
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Afsar T, Razak S, Almajwal A, Shabbir M, Khan K, Trembley J, Alruwaili NW. Bioassay-guided isolation and characterization of lead antimicrobial compounds from Acacia hydaspica plant extract. AMB Express 2022; 12:156. [PMID: 36520322 PMCID: PMC9755427 DOI: 10.1186/s13568-022-01501-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2022] [Accepted: 12/07/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Acacia hydaspica possesses varied pharmacological attributes. We aimed to examine the antimicrobial potential and isolate the active antimicrobial metabolites. The plant extract was fractionated and the antimicrobial activity of the crude extract, fractions and compounds was tested by agar well diffusion and agar tube dilution and broth dilution methods. Bacterial strains selected for bioactivity testing were Staphylococcus aureus, Enterococcus faecalis, Bacillus subtilis, Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Acinetobacter baumannii while selected strains from kingdom fungi were Candida albicans, Cryptococcus neoformans, Fusarium solani and Aspergillus. The active compounds were isolated from Acacia hydaspica by bioassay-guided fractionation and identified by nuclear magnetic resonance and spectroscopic techniques. S. aureus cell surface proteins, Autolysins (Atl), Clumping factor A (ClfA), and Fibronectin Binding Proteins (FnBP), were molecularly docked with Catechin 3-O-gallate (CG) and Methyl gallate (MG) and binding energy and molecular interactions between the proteins and compounds were analyzed. Ethyl acetate (AHE) and Butanol (AHB) fractions of A. hydaspica were the most active fractions against tested microbial strains. Therefore, both were subjected to bioassay-directed fractionation which led to the isolation of one pure active antimicrobial AHE and one active pure compound from AHB fraction besides active enriched isolates. Methyl-gallate (MG) and catechin-3-gallate (CG) are active compounds extracted from AHE and AHB fractions respectively. In antibacterial testing MG significantly inhibited the growth of E. coli (MIC50 = 21.5 µg/ml), B. subtilus (MIC50 = 23 µg/ml) and S. aureus (MIC50 = 39.1 µg/ml) while moderate to low activity was noticed against other tested bacterial strains. Antifungal testing reveals that MG showed potent antifungal activity against F. solani (MIC50 = 33.9 µg/ml) and A. niger (MIC50 = 41.5 µg/ml) while lower antifungal activity was seen in other tested strains. AHB fractions and pure compound (CG) showed specific antibacterial activity against S. aureus only (MIC50 = 10.1 µg/ml) while compound and enriched fractions showed moderate to no activity against other bacterial and fungal strains respectively. Molecular docking analysis revealed that CG interacted more strongly with the cell surface proteins than MG. Among these proteins, CG made a stronger complex with ClfA (binding affinity - 9.7) with nine hydrophobic interactions and five hydrogen bonds. Methyl gallate (MG) and catechin 3-O-gallate (CG) are the major antimicrobial compound from A. hydaspica that inhibit the growth of specific microbes. The occurrence of MG and CG endorse the traditional antimicrobial applicability of A. hydaspica, and it can be a legitimate alternative to control specific microbial infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tayyaba Afsar
- grid.56302.320000 0004 1773 5396Department of Community Health Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Suhail Razak
- grid.56302.320000 0004 1773 5396Department of Community Health Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Ali Almajwal
- grid.56302.320000 0004 1773 5396Department of Community Health Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Maria Shabbir
- grid.412117.00000 0001 2234 2376Department of Healthcare Biotechnology, Atta-ur-Rahman School of Applied Biosciences(ASAB), National University of Sciences and Technology, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Khushbukhat Khan
- grid.412117.00000 0001 2234 2376Department of Healthcare Biotechnology, Atta-ur-Rahman School of Applied Biosciences(ASAB), National University of Sciences and Technology, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Janeen Trembley
- grid.410394.b0000 0004 0419 8667Minneapolis VA Health Care System Research Service, Minneapolis, MN USA ,grid.17635.360000000419368657Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN USA ,grid.17635.360000000419368657Masonic Cancer Center, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN USA
| | - Nawaf W. Alruwaili
- grid.56302.320000 0004 1773 5396Department of Community Health Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
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10
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Oral microbiota in cancer: could the bad guy turn good with application of polyphenols? Expert Rev Mol Med 2022; 25:e1. [PMID: 36511134 DOI: 10.1017/erm.2022.39] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
The human oral cavity is comprised of dynamic and polynomial microbes which uniquely reside in the microenvironments of oral cavities. The cumulative functions of the symbiotic microbial communities maintain normal homeostasis; however, a shifted microbiota yields a dysbiosis state, which produces local and systemic diseases including dental caries, periodontitis, cancer, obesity and diabetes. Recent research reports claim that an association occurs between oral dysbiosis and the progression of different types of cancers including oral, gastric and pancreatic ones. Different mechanisms are proposed for the development of cancer, such as induction of inflammatory reactions, production of carcinogenic materials and alteration of the immune system. Medications are available to treat these associated diseases; however, the current strategies may further worsen the disease by unwanted side effects. Natural-derived polyphenol molecules significantly inhibit a wide range of systemic diseases with fewer side effects. In this review, we have displayed the functions of the oral microbes and we have extended the report regarding the role of polyphenols in oral microbiota to maintain healthy conditions and prevention of diseases with emphasis on the treatment of oral microbiota-associated cancer.
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Chow YC, Yam HC, Gunasekaran B, Lai WY, Wo WY, Agarwal T, Ong YY, Cheong SL, Tan SA. Implications of Porphyromonas gingivalis peptidyl arginine deiminase and gingipain R in human health and diseases. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2022; 12:987683. [PMID: 36250046 PMCID: PMC9559808 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2022.987683] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2022] [Accepted: 09/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Porphyromonas gingivalis is a major pathogenic bacterium involved in the pathogenesis of periodontitis. Citrullination has been reported as the underlying mechanism of the pathogenesis, which relies on the interplay between two virulence factors of the bacterium, namely gingipain R and the bacterial peptidyl arginine deiminase. Gingipain R cleaves host proteins to expose the C-terminal arginines for peptidyl arginine deiminase to citrullinate and generate citrullinated proteins. Apart from carrying out citrullination in the periodontium, the bacterium is found capable of citrullinating proteins present in the host synovial tissues, atherosclerotic plaques and neurons. Studies have suggested that both virulence factors are the key factors that trigger distal effects mediated by citrullination, leading to the development of some non-communicable diseases, such as rheumatoid arthritis, atherosclerosis, and Alzheimer’s disease. Thus, inhibition of these virulence factors not only can mitigate periodontitis, but also can provide new therapeutic solutions for systematic diseases involving bacterial citrullination. Herein, we described both these proteins in terms of their unique structural conformations and biological relevance to different human diseases. Moreover, investigations of inhibitory actions on the enzymes are also enumerated. New approaches for identifying inhibitors for peptidyl arginine deiminase through drug repurposing and virtual screening are also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoke Chan Chow
- Department of Bioscience, Faculty of Applied Sciences, Tunku Abdul Rahman University College, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Hok Chai Yam
- Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Applied Sciences, UCSI University, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Baskaran Gunasekaran
- Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Applied Sciences, UCSI University, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Weng Yeen Lai
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, International Medical University, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Weng Yue Wo
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, International Medical University, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Tarun Agarwal
- Department of Biotechnology, Koneru Lakshmaiah Education Foundation, Guntur, India
| | - Yien Yien Ong
- Department of Bioscience, Faculty of Applied Sciences, Tunku Abdul Rahman University College, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Siew Lee Cheong
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, International Medical University, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
- *Correspondence: Sheri-Ann Tan, ; Siew Lee Cheong,
| | - Sheri-Ann Tan
- Department of Bioscience, Faculty of Applied Sciences, Tunku Abdul Rahman University College, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
- *Correspondence: Sheri-Ann Tan, ; Siew Lee Cheong,
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12
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Li JJ, Li YX, Li N, Zhu HT, Wang D, Zhang YJ. The genus Rumex (Polygonaceae): an ethnobotanical, phytochemical and pharmacological review. NATURAL PRODUCTS AND BIOPROSPECTING 2022; 12:21. [PMID: 35710954 PMCID: PMC9203642 DOI: 10.1007/s13659-022-00346-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2022] [Accepted: 04/15/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Rumex L., a genus in Polygonaceae family with about 200 species, is growing widely around the world. Some Rumex species, called "sorrel" or "dock", have been used as food application and treatment of skin diseases and hemostasis after trauma by the local people of its growing areas for centuries. To date, 29 Rumex species have been studied to contain about 268 substances, including anthraquinones, flavonoids, naphthalenes, stilbenes, diterpene alkaloids, terpenes, lignans, and tannins. Crude extract of Rumex spp. and the pure isolates displayed various bioactivities, such as antibacterial, anti-inflammatory, antitumor, antioxidant, cardiovascular protection and antiaging activities. Rumex species have important potential to become a clinical medicinal source in future. This review covers research articles from 1900 to 2022, fetched from SciFinder, Web of Science, ResearchGate, CNKI and Google Scholar, using "Rumex" as a search term ("all fields") with no specific time frame set for the search. Thirty-five Rumex species were selected and summarized on their geographical distribution, edible parts, traditional uses, chemical research and pharmacological properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing-Juan Li
- State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Resources in West China, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, 650201, People's Republic of China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, People's Republic of China
| | - Yong-Xiang Li
- State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Resources in West China, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, 650201, People's Republic of China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, People's Republic of China
| | - Na Li
- State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Resources in West China, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, 650201, People's Republic of China
| | - Hong-Tao Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Resources in West China, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, 650201, People's Republic of China
| | - Dong Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Resources in West China, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, 650201, People's Republic of China
| | - Ying-Jun Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Resources in West China, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, 650201, People's Republic of China.
- Yunnan Key Laboratory of Natural Medicinal Chemistry, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, 650201, People's Republic of China.
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13
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Chen H, Wang W, Yu S, Wang H, Tian Z, Zhu S. Procyanidins and Their Therapeutic Potential against Oral Diseases. MOLECULES (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 27:molecules27092932. [PMID: 35566283 PMCID: PMC9104295 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27092932] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2022] [Revised: 04/27/2022] [Accepted: 05/02/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Procyanidins, as a kind of dietary flavonoid, have excellent pharmacological properties, such as antioxidant, antibacterial, anti-inflammatory and anti-tumor properties, and so they can be used to treat various diseases, including Alzheimer’s disease, diabetes, rheumatoid arthritis, tumors, and obesity. Given the low bioavailability of procyanidins, great efforts have been made in drug delivery systems to address their limited use. Nowadays, the heavy burden of oral diseases such as dental caries, periodontitis, endodontic infections, etc., and their consequences on the patients’ quality of life indicate a strong need for developing effective therapies. Recent years, plenty of efforts are being made to develop more effective treatments. Therefore, this review summarized the latest researches on versatile effects and enhanced bioavailability of procyanidins resulting from innovative drug delivery systems, particularly focused on its potential against oral diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huan Chen
- Department of Prosthodontics, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, China; (H.C.); (S.Y.); (H.W.); (Z.T.)
| | - Wanyu Wang
- Department of Pharmacy, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China;
| | - Shiyang Yu
- Department of Prosthodontics, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, China; (H.C.); (S.Y.); (H.W.); (Z.T.)
| | - Huimin Wang
- Department of Prosthodontics, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, China; (H.C.); (S.Y.); (H.W.); (Z.T.)
| | - Zilu Tian
- Department of Prosthodontics, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, China; (H.C.); (S.Y.); (H.W.); (Z.T.)
| | - Song Zhu
- Department of Prosthodontics, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, China; (H.C.); (S.Y.); (H.W.); (Z.T.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +86-135-7878-5725
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Proanthocyanidins and Flavan-3-Ols in the Prevention and Treatment of Periodontitis-Antibacterial Effects. Nutrients 2021; 13:nu13010165. [PMID: 33430257 PMCID: PMC7825738 DOI: 10.3390/nu13010165] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2020] [Revised: 01/01/2021] [Accepted: 01/05/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Flavan-3-ols and their oligomeric forms called proanthocyanidins are polyphenolic compounds occurring in several foodstuffs and in many medicinal herbs. Their consumption is associated with numerous health benefits. They exhibit antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, cytoprotective, as well as antimicrobial activity. The latter property is important in the prevention and treatment of periodontal diseases. Periodontitis is a multifactorial polymicrobial infection characterized by a destructive inflammatory process affecting the periodontium. Using non-toxic and efficient natural products such as flavanol derivatives can significantly contribute to alleviating periodontitis symptoms and preventing the disease’s progress. Therefore, a comprehensive systematic review of proanthocyanidins and flavan-3-ols in the prevention and treatment of periodontitis was performed. The present paper reviews the direct antibacterial effects of these compounds against periodontic pathogens. The immunomodulatory effects, including animal and clinical studies, are included in a separate, parallel article. There is significant evidence supporting the importance of the antibacterial action exerted by proanthocyanidins from edible fruits, tea, and medicinal herbs in the inhibition of periodontitis-causing pathogens.
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15
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Quercetin inhibits virulence properties of Porphyromas gingivalis in periodontal disease. Sci Rep 2020; 10:18313. [PMID: 33110205 PMCID: PMC7591570 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-74977-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2020] [Accepted: 10/05/2020] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Porphyromonas gingivalis is a causative agent in the onset and progression of periodontal disease. This study aims to investigate the effects of quercetin, a natural plant product, on P. gingivalis virulence properties including gingipain, haemagglutinin and biofilm formation. Antimicrobial effects and morphological changes of quercetin on P. gingivalis were detected. The effects of quercetin on gingipains activities and hemolytic, hemagglutination activities were evaluated using chromogenic peptides and sheep erythrocytes. The biofilm biomass and metabolism with different concentrations of quercetin were assessed by the crystal violet and MTT assay. The structures and thickness of the biofilms were observed by confocal laser scanning microscopy. Bacterial cell surface properties including cell surface hydrophobicity and aggregation were also evaluated. The mRNA expression of virulence and iron/heme utilization was assessed using real time-PCR. Quercetin exhibited antimicrobial effects and damaged the cell structure. Quercetin can inhibit gingipains, hemolytic, hemagglutination activities and biofilm formation at sub-MIC concentrations. Molecular docking analysis further indicated that quercetin can interact with gingipains. The biofilm became sparser and thinner after quercetin treatment. Quercetin also modulate cell surface hydrophobicity and aggregation. Expression of the genes tested was down-regulated in the presence of quercetin. In conclusion, our study demonstrated that quercetin inhibited various virulence factors of P. gingivalis.
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Xu T, Wu X, Zhou Z, Ye Y, Yan C, Zhuge N, Yu J. Hyperoside ameliorates periodontitis in rats by promoting osteogenic differentiation of BMSCs via activation of the NF-κB pathway. FEBS Open Bio 2020; 10:1843-1855. [PMID: 32687664 PMCID: PMC7459408 DOI: 10.1002/2211-5463.12937] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2020] [Revised: 06/10/2020] [Accepted: 07/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Hyperoside, as an active compound, widely exists in a large number of Chinese herbal medicines and has been reported to possess anti‐inflammatory and diuretic properties. However, the effects and underlying mechanisms of hyperoside on periodontitis have not been previously reported. In this study, we found that hyperoside ameliorates symptoms of periodontitis in a rat model, with improvements in alveolar bone resorption, relief of inflammatory infiltration, increase in orderly arrangement of collagen fibers and increase of osteogenic differentiation. In addition, hyperoside promoted proliferation, up‐regulated EdU‐positive cells, decreased cell‐cycle distribution and increased the protein expression of Ki67 and PCNA in rat bone mesenchymal stem cells (rBMSCs), as revealed by Cell Counting Kit‐8, EdU, flow cytometry and western blot analysis. Moreover, hyperoside significantly promoted osteogenic differentiation, as shown by quantitative RT‐PCR, western blot and alizarin red staining assays. Furthermore, hyperoside activated the nuclear factor‐κB (NF‐κB) signaling pathway in rBMSCs, similar to the results observed in vivo. Finally, BMS345541, an inhibitor of the NF‐κB signaling pathway, could reverse the effects of hyperoside on the biological functions in rBMSCs. In conclusion, our results suggest that hyperoside has potential therapeutic properties against periodontitis via promotion of proliferation and osteogenic differentiation of rBMSCs via activation of the NF‐κB signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tao Xu
- Institute of Stomatology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China.,Department of Stomatology, Central Hospital of Nanjing, Nanjing, China
| | - Xiao Wu
- Institute of Stomatology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China.,Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases of Jiangsu Province, Stomatological Institute, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Zhou Zhou
- Institute of Stomatology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China.,Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases of Jiangsu Province, Stomatological Institute, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yu Ye
- Institute of Stomatology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China.,Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases of Jiangsu Province, Stomatological Institute, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Chaoting Yan
- Institute of Stomatology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China.,Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases of Jiangsu Province, Stomatological Institute, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | | | - Jinhua Yu
- Institute of Stomatology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China.,Department of Endodontics, School of Stomatology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
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Addotey JN, Lengers I, Jose J, Hensel A. Hyal-1 inhibitors from the leaves of Phyllanthus muellerianus (Kuntze) Excell. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2019; 236:326-335. [PMID: 30877065 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2019.03.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2018] [Revised: 03/05/2019] [Accepted: 03/07/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Leaves and twigs from Phyllanthus muellerianus Kuntze Excell are known to exert anti-inflammatory and antipyretic properties as well as wound healing properties. During a wide screening for human hyaluronidase-1 inhibitors from natural sources leaf extracts from P. muellerianus turned out to show basic anti-hyaluronidase activity. A detailed investigation of this effect should rationalize the potential anti-inflammatory activity of the extract for improved wound healing. AIM OF THE STUDY The following study aimed to characterize the anti-Hyal-1 activity of the extract from P. muellerianus and to pinpoint the responsible natural products responsible for this bioactivity. MATERIALS AND METHODS Using cell surface displayed human Hyal-1 on Escherichia coli, the activity of inhibitors was determined by the stains-all assay method. A hydroalcoholic extract PWE from P. muellerianus was subjected to bioactivity-guided fractionation. Active compounds were characterized by means of mass spectrometry and NMR. RESULTS PWE exerts a concentration dependent inhibition of Hyal-1 with an IC50 of 80 μg/mL. Bioassay-guided fractionation revealed 13 compounds from the two most active fractions, mainly ellagitannins and flavonoid glycosides. The most activeHyal-1 inhibitor was found to be the ellagitannin chebulanin 10 (IC50 132 μM). This represents the first description of chebulanin in P. muellerianus. CONCLUSIONS The hydroalcoholic extract of P. muellerianus, as well as several subfractions obtained during bioassay-guided fractionation showed strong activity against Hyal-1. The main activity can be correlated to the ellagitanin chebulanin. Additionally, also synergistic effects are observed, indicating that the traditional use of aqueous extracts of P. muellerianus is justified, rather than the use of the isolated tannins. The traditional use of the plant as an anti-inflammatory agent for improved wound-healing can be rationalized by the anti-Hyal-1 activities of its constituents.
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Affiliation(s)
- John Nii Addotey
- University of Münster, Institute of Pharmaceutical Biology and Phytochemistry, Corrensstrasse 48, D-48149, Münster, Germany
| | - Isabelle Lengers
- University of Münster, Institute of Pharmaceutical and Medicinal Chemistry, Corrensstrasse 48, D-48149, Münster, Germany
| | - Joachim Jose
- University of Münster, Institute of Pharmaceutical and Medicinal Chemistry, Corrensstrasse 48, D-48149, Münster, Germany
| | - Andreas Hensel
- University of Münster, Institute of Pharmaceutical Biology and Phytochemistry, Corrensstrasse 48, D-48149, Münster, Germany.
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18
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Rossoni RD, Ribeiro FDC, dos Santos HFS, dos Santos JD, Oliveira NDS, Dutra MTDS, de Lapena SAB, Junqueira JC. Galleria mellonella as an experimental model to study human oral pathogens. Arch Oral Biol 2019; 101:13-22. [DOI: 10.1016/j.archoralbio.2019.03.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2018] [Revised: 02/27/2019] [Accepted: 03/03/2019] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
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Bunte K, Hensel A, Beikler T. Polyphenols in the prevention and treatment of periodontal disease: A systematic review of in vivo, ex vivo and in vitro studies. Fitoterapia 2018; 132:30-39. [PMID: 30496806 DOI: 10.1016/j.fitote.2018.11.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2018] [Revised: 11/13/2018] [Accepted: 11/24/2018] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Plant-derived polyphenols with antimicrobial and immunomodulatory characteristics appear to provide a variety of oral health benefits. Thus, the aim of the present study was to review the scientific literature to identify these effects of polyphenols on periodontal pathogens and inflammation. A MEDLINE search from 1st January 2013 to 18th January 2018 was performed to identify studies reporting polyphenol-containing plant extracts. Reports regarding pure compounds and essential oils, as well as effects on bacteria that are not defined as periodontal pathogens, were excluded. Thirty-eight studies matched the selection criteria. Studies on immunomodulatory effects included in vitro, ex vivo, and in vivo studies (n = 23), whereas studies reporting antibacterial effects against periodontal pathogens included only in vitro studies (n = 18). Three studies were included in both groups. The antibacterial effects were characterised by inhibition of bacterial growth, adhesion to oral cells, and enzymatic activity. Decreased secretion of pro-inflammatory and increased secretion of anti-inflammatory cytokines were demonstrated. Higher attachment levels, lower inflammation, and bone loss were reported by in vivo studies. Due to the high heterogeneity, it is difficult to draw clear conclusions for applicability; nevertheless, polyphenols have great potential as antimicrobial and immunomodulatory substances in the treatment and prevention of periodontal disease.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Andreas Hensel
- University of Münster, Institute of Pharmaceutical Biology and Phytochemistry, Corrensstr. 48, 48149 Münster, Germany.
| | - Thomas Beikler
- University Medical Centre Hamburg-Eppendorf, Department of Periodontics, Preventive and Restorative Dentistry, Building O58, Martinistr. 52, 20246 Hamburg, Germany.
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20
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Wang F, Qiao W, Xu X, Wang S, Regenstein JM, Bao B, Ma M. Egg yolk immunoglobulins' impact on experimental periodontitis caused by Porphyromonas gingivalis. Technol Health Care 2018; 26:805-814. [PMID: 30282381 DOI: 10.3233/thc-181255] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Periodontitis is a chronic inflammatory disease caused by Porphyromonas gingivalis that leads to a series of periodontal tissue injuries. Egg yolk immunoglobulins (IgY) is procuded in egg yolk and inhibits P. gingivalis. OBJECTIVE The aim was to evaluate the effect of IgY on experimental periodontitis caused by P. gingivalis. METHODS The second molars of rats were ligatured using medical 5-0 silk and smeared with P. gingivalis to induce experimental periodontitis. Then, the rats were smeared with 2 mL IgY solutions or 0.9% NaCl in the oral cavity for up to 4 wk. The scores for gingival index, plaque index and probe on bleeding, the levels of IL-6 and TNF-α, X-ray radiography and histology were used to determine the efficacy of the IgY on experimental periodontitis. RESULTS The clinical indices improved; the levels of IL-6 and TNF-α were significantly (p< 0.05) decreased; the X-rays and histomorphological observations suggested that the periodontal inflammation and periodontitis were alleviated compared to the control. CONCLUSIONS IgY showed significant effects on anti-inflammatory, anti-coaggregation activity, and protected against alveolar bone loss. Therefore, it had a beneficial effect on preventing experimental periodontitis caused by P. gingivalis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fang Wang
- Shanghai University of Medicine and Health Sciences, Shanghai 201318, China
| | - Wu Qiao
- College of Food Science and Technology, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China
| | - Xiaochen Xu
- Shanghai MAXAM Company Limited, Shanghai 200333, China
| | - Shujun Wang
- Co-Innovation Center of Jiangsu Marine Bio-industry Technology, Huaihai Institute of Technology, Lianyungang 222005, Jiangsu, China
| | - Joe M Regenstein
- Department of Food Science, Cornell University, Ithaca 14853-7201, NY, USA
| | - Bin Bao
- College of Food Science and Technology, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China.,Laboratory of Quality and Safety Risk Assessment for Aquatic Products on Storage and Preservation (Shanghai), Ministry of Agriculture, Shanghai 201306, China
| | - Ming Ma
- College of Food Science and Technology, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China.,Laboratory of Quality and Safety Risk Assessment for Aquatic Products on Storage and Preservation (Shanghai), Ministry of Agriculture, Shanghai 201306, China
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Dietary Polyphenols and Periodontitis-A Mini-Review of Literature. Molecules 2018; 23:molecules23071786. [PMID: 30036945 PMCID: PMC6099717 DOI: 10.3390/molecules23071786] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2018] [Revised: 07/14/2018] [Accepted: 07/18/2018] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Periodontitis, which is a chronic infection and disease of the periodontium, is a significant global health burden and is linked to other chronic health conditions such as diabetes and cardiovascular diseases. Dietary polyphenols present in a wide variety of plant-based foods, herbs, and botanicals have been shown to exert antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory, and reduced osteoclast and alveolar bone loss activities in animal models of periodontitis. Polyphenol-containing beverages and foods especially green tea and its active catechin epigallocatechin-3-gallate, cranberries, pomegranates, and fruit and vegetable extracts have reported bacteriostatic/bactericidal activity against microbial species such as P. gingivalis and shown total bacterial burden in clinical studies. These polyphenols also exhibit anti-inflammatory and antioxidant effects, which have the potential to impact various biological mechanisms for reducing the initiation and progression of periodontitis. The main objective of this mini-review is to focus on the mechanisms of action of dietary polyphenols in improving the pathophysiology underlying chronic inflammatory diseases like periodontitis based on pre-clinical and clinical models.
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Flavan-3-ols and proanthocyanidins from Limonium brasiliense inhibit the adhesion of Porphyromonas gingivalis to epithelial host cells by interaction with gingipains. Fitoterapia 2017; 118:87-93. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fitote.2017.03.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2017] [Revised: 02/17/2017] [Accepted: 03/10/2017] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
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Blajman JE, Astesana DM, Zimmermann JA, Rossler E, Scharpen AR, Berisvil AP, Zbrun MV, Soto LP, Rosmini MR, Frizzo LS. Quantification of FITC-labelled probiotic Lactobacillus salivarius DSPV 001P during gastrointestinal transit in broilers. Benef Microbes 2016; 8:55-64. [PMID: 27903091 DOI: 10.3920/bm2016.0025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
The knowledge related to the fate of probiotics in the complex environment of the intestinal microbiota in broilers is just beginning to be elucidated; however, it is not yet well understood. A good method to investigate the mechanisms by which probiotics mediate their effects is to mark probiotic bacteria and trace them. The aim of this research was to develop a new method to estimate in vivo fluorescein isothiocyanate (FITC)-labelled Lactobacillus salivarius DSPV 001P counts during passage through the gastrointestinal tract (GIT) of broilers. Forty-five, 1 d old Cobb broilers were used in this trial. Programmed necropsies were performed 30 min, 6 h, and 12 h after the administration of the probiotic bacterium, and samples of liver, crop, duodenum, caecum, and bursa of fabricius were collected. To determine the spatial and temporal transit of L. salivarius DSPV 001P in broilers, the number of bacteria as well as its respective fluorescent signal produced by FITC were measured. In order to observe the relationship between the variables, a logistic regression analysis was applied. The amount of fluorescence could be used as an indicator of fluorescent probiotic bacteria in the crop and duodenum 30 min after probiotic bacterium supplementation. In addition, the fluorescent signal could be used to estimate bacterial counts in caecum 6 and 12 h after L. salivarius DSPV 001P administration. To the best of our knowledge, this research is the first in vivo trial to employ the bacterial FITC-labelling technique in order to enumerate probiotic bacteria during gastrointestinal transit in broilers.
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Affiliation(s)
- J E Blajman
- 1 Laboratory of Food Analysis, Institute of Veterinary Science (ICiVet Litoral), Universidad Nacional del Litoral, National Council of Scientific and Technical Research (UNL/CONICET), Kreder 2805 (S3080HOF), Esperanza, 3000 Santa Fe, Argentina
| | - D M Astesana
- 1 Laboratory of Food Analysis, Institute of Veterinary Science (ICiVet Litoral), Universidad Nacional del Litoral, National Council of Scientific and Technical Research (UNL/CONICET), Kreder 2805 (S3080HOF), Esperanza, 3000 Santa Fe, Argentina
| | - J A Zimmermann
- 1 Laboratory of Food Analysis, Institute of Veterinary Science (ICiVet Litoral), Universidad Nacional del Litoral, National Council of Scientific and Technical Research (UNL/CONICET), Kreder 2805 (S3080HOF), Esperanza, 3000 Santa Fe, Argentina
| | - E Rossler
- 1 Laboratory of Food Analysis, Institute of Veterinary Science (ICiVet Litoral), Universidad Nacional del Litoral, National Council of Scientific and Technical Research (UNL/CONICET), Kreder 2805 (S3080HOF), Esperanza, 3000 Santa Fe, Argentina
| | - A Romero Scharpen
- 1 Laboratory of Food Analysis, Institute of Veterinary Science (ICiVet Litoral), Universidad Nacional del Litoral, National Council of Scientific and Technical Research (UNL/CONICET), Kreder 2805 (S3080HOF), Esperanza, 3000 Santa Fe, Argentina
| | - A P Berisvil
- 1 Laboratory of Food Analysis, Institute of Veterinary Science (ICiVet Litoral), Universidad Nacional del Litoral, National Council of Scientific and Technical Research (UNL/CONICET), Kreder 2805 (S3080HOF), Esperanza, 3000 Santa Fe, Argentina
| | - M V Zbrun
- 1 Laboratory of Food Analysis, Institute of Veterinary Science (ICiVet Litoral), Universidad Nacional del Litoral, National Council of Scientific and Technical Research (UNL/CONICET), Kreder 2805 (S3080HOF), Esperanza, 3000 Santa Fe, Argentina.,2 Department of Public Health, Faculty of Veterinary Science, Universidad Nacional del Litoral, Kreder 2805 (S3080HOF), Esperanza, 3000 Santa Fe, Argentina
| | - L P Soto
- 1 Laboratory of Food Analysis, Institute of Veterinary Science (ICiVet Litoral), Universidad Nacional del Litoral, National Council of Scientific and Technical Research (UNL/CONICET), Kreder 2805 (S3080HOF), Esperanza, 3000 Santa Fe, Argentina.,2 Department of Public Health, Faculty of Veterinary Science, Universidad Nacional del Litoral, Kreder 2805 (S3080HOF), Esperanza, 3000 Santa Fe, Argentina
| | - M R Rosmini
- 2 Department of Public Health, Faculty of Veterinary Science, Universidad Nacional del Litoral, Kreder 2805 (S3080HOF), Esperanza, 3000 Santa Fe, Argentina
| | - L S Frizzo
- 1 Laboratory of Food Analysis, Institute of Veterinary Science (ICiVet Litoral), Universidad Nacional del Litoral, National Council of Scientific and Technical Research (UNL/CONICET), Kreder 2805 (S3080HOF), Esperanza, 3000 Santa Fe, Argentina.,2 Department of Public Health, Faculty of Veterinary Science, Universidad Nacional del Litoral, Kreder 2805 (S3080HOF), Esperanza, 3000 Santa Fe, Argentina
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Punica granatum L. (Pomegranate) Extract: In Vivo Study of Antimicrobial Activity against Porphyromonas gingivalis in Galleria mellonella Model. ScientificWorldJournal 2016; 2016:8626987. [PMID: 27668280 PMCID: PMC5030419 DOI: 10.1155/2016/8626987] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2016] [Revised: 07/13/2016] [Accepted: 08/02/2016] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Due to the increase of bacterial resistance, medicinal alternatives are being explored. Punica granatum L. is an effective herbal extract with broad spectrum of action and bactericidal, antifungal, anthelmintic potential and being able to modulate the immune response. The aim was to evaluate the antimicrobial activity of pomegranate glycolic extract (PGE) against the periodontal pathogen Porphyromonas gingivalis by using Galleria mellonella as in vivo model. Fifteen larvae were used per group. Injection of high concentration (200, 100, and 25 mg/mL) of PGE showed a toxic effect, leading them to death. A suspension of P. gingivalis (106 cells/mL) was inoculated in the left last proleg and PGE (12.5, 6.25, 3.1, and 2.5 mg/mL) were injected into the right proleg. The larvae were then kept at 37°C under the dark. Injection of PGE at any dose statistically improved larvae survival rates. The data were analysed (log-rank test, Mantel-Cox, P < 0.05) and showed that all concentrations of PGE (12.5, 6.25, 3.1, and 2.5 mg/mL) presented higher larval survival rates, with significant statistical difference in relation to control group (P. gingivalis). In conclusion, the PGE had antimicrobial action against P. gingivalis in vivo model using G. mellonella.
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Inhibition of in vitro adhesion and virulence of Porphyromonas gingivalis by aqueous extract and polysaccharides from Rhododendron ferrugineum L. A new way for prophylaxis of periodontitis? Fitoterapia 2015; 107:105-113. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fitote.2015.10.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2015] [Revised: 10/28/2015] [Accepted: 10/29/2015] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
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