1
|
Renton MC, McGee SL, Howlett KF. The role of protein kinase D (PKD) in obesity: Lessons from the heart and other tissues. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA. MOLECULAR CELL RESEARCH 2024; 1871:119814. [PMID: 39128598 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbamcr.2024.119814] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2023] [Revised: 04/15/2024] [Accepted: 08/05/2024] [Indexed: 08/13/2024]
Abstract
Obesity causes a range of tissue dysfunctions that increases the risk for morbidity and mortality. Protein kinase D (PKD) represents a family of stress-activated intracellular signalling proteins that regulate essential processes such as cell proliferation and differentiation, cell survival, and exocytosis. Evidence suggests that PKD regulates the cellular adaptations to the obese environment in metabolically important tissues and drives the development of a variety of diseases. This review explores the role that PKD plays in tissue dysfunction in obesity, with special consideration of the development of obesity-mediated cardiomyopathy, a distinct cardiovascular disease that occurs in the absence of common comorbidities and leads to eventual heart failure and death. The downstream mechanisms mediated by PKD that could contribute to dysfunctions observed in the heart and other metabolically important tissues in obesity, and the predicted cell types involved are discussed to suggest potential targets for the development of therapeutics against obesity-related disease.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mark C Renton
- Institute for Physical Activity and Nutrition, School of Exercise and Nutrition Science, Deakin University, Geelong, Australia; The Fralin Biomedical Research Institute at Virginia Tech Carilion, Centre for Vascular and Heart Research, Roanoke, VA, USA.
| | - Sean L McGee
- Institute for Mental and Physical Health and Clinical Translation, Metabolic Research Unit, School of Medicine, Deakin University, Geelong, Australia.
| | - Kirsten F Howlett
- Institute for Physical Activity and Nutrition, School of Exercise and Nutrition Science, Deakin University, Geelong, Australia.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Lai P, Hille SS, Subramanian H, Wiegmann R, Roser P, Müller OJ, Nikolaev VO, De Jong KA. Remodelling of cAMP dynamics within the SERCA2a microdomain in heart failure with preserved ejection fraction caused by obesity and type 2 diabetes. Cardiovasc Res 2024; 120:273-285. [PMID: 38099489 PMCID: PMC10939460 DOI: 10.1093/cvr/cvad178] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2022] [Revised: 08/03/2023] [Accepted: 09/23/2023] [Indexed: 02/10/2024] Open
Abstract
AIMS Despite massive efforts, we remain far behind in our attempts to identify effective therapies to treat heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF). Diastolic function is critically regulated by sarcoplasmic/endoplasmic reticulum (SR) calcium ATPase 2a (SERCA2a), which forms a functional cardiomyocyte (CM) microdomain where 3',5'-cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP) produced upon β-adrenergic receptor (β-AR) stimulation leads to phospholamban (PLN) phosphorylation and facilitated Ca2+ re-uptake. METHODS AND RESULTS To visualize real-time cAMP dynamics in the direct vicinity of SERCA2a in healthy and diseased myocytes, we generated a novel mouse model on the leprdb background that stably expresses the Epac1-PLN Förster resonance energy transfer biosensor. Mice homozygous for the leprdb mutation (db/db) developed obesity and type 2 diabetes and presented with a HFpEF phenotype, evident by mild left ventricular hypertrophy and elevated left atria filling pressures. Live cell imaging uncovered a substantial β2-AR subtype stimulated cAMP response within the PLN/SERCA2a microdomain of db/db but not healthy control (db/+) CMs, which was accompanied by increased PLN phosphorylation and accelerated calcium re-uptake. Importantly, db/db CMs also exhibited a desensitization of β1-AR stimulated cAMP pools within the PLN/SERCA2a microdomain, which was accompanied by a blunted lusitropic effect, suggesting that the increased β2-AR control is an intrinsic compensatory mechanism to maintain PLN/SERCA2a-mediated calcium dynamics and cardiac relaxation. Mechanistically, this was due to a local loss of cAMP-degrading phosphodiesterase 4 associated specifically with the PLN/SERCA2a complex. CONCLUSION These newly identified alterations of cAMP dynamics at the subcellular level in HFpEF should provide mechanistic understanding of microdomain remodelling and pave the way towards new therapies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ping Lai
- Institute of Experimental Cardiovascular Research, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Martinistr. 52, D-20246 Hamburg, Germany
- German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), partner site Hamburg/Kiel/Lübeck, Martinistr. 52, D-20246 Hamburg, Germany
- Department of Cardiology, Key Laboratory of Prevention and Treatment of Cardiovascular and Cerebrovascular Diseases, Ministry of Education, First Affiliated Hospital of Gannan Medical University, 341000 Ganzhou, China
| | - Susanne S Hille
- German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), partner site Hamburg/Kiel/Lübeck, Martinistr. 52, D-20246 Hamburg, Germany
- Department of Internal Medicine III, University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein, University of Kiel, Arnold-Heller-Str. 3, D-24105, Kiel, Germany
| | - Hariharan Subramanian
- Institute of Experimental Cardiovascular Research, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Martinistr. 52, D-20246 Hamburg, Germany
- German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), partner site Hamburg/Kiel/Lübeck, Martinistr. 52, D-20246 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Robert Wiegmann
- Institute of Experimental Cardiovascular Research, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Martinistr. 52, D-20246 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Pia Roser
- Department of Endocrinology and Diabetes, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Martinistr. 52, Hamburg D-20246, Germany
| | - Oliver J Müller
- German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), partner site Hamburg/Kiel/Lübeck, Martinistr. 52, D-20246 Hamburg, Germany
- Department of Internal Medicine III, University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein, University of Kiel, Arnold-Heller-Str. 3, D-24105, Kiel, Germany
| | - Viacheslav O Nikolaev
- Institute of Experimental Cardiovascular Research, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Martinistr. 52, D-20246 Hamburg, Germany
- German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), partner site Hamburg/Kiel/Lübeck, Martinistr. 52, D-20246 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Kirstie A De Jong
- Institute of Experimental Cardiovascular Research, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Martinistr. 52, D-20246 Hamburg, Germany
- German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), partner site Hamburg/Kiel/Lübeck, Martinistr. 52, D-20246 Hamburg, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Hall LG, Czeczor JK, Connor T, Botella J, De Jong KA, Renton MC, Genders AJ, Venardos K, Martin SD, Bond ST, Aston-Mourney K, Howlett KF, Campbell JA, Collier GR, Walder KR, McKenzie M, Ziemann M, McGee SL. Amyloid beta 42 alters cardiac metabolism and impairs cardiac function in male mice with obesity. Nat Commun 2024; 15:258. [PMID: 38225272 PMCID: PMC10789867 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-44520-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2023] [Accepted: 12/15/2023] [Indexed: 01/17/2024] Open
Abstract
There are epidemiological associations between obesity and type 2 diabetes, cardiovascular disease and Alzheimer's disease. The role of amyloid beta 42 (Aβ42) in these diverse chronic diseases is obscure. Here we show that adipose tissue releases Aβ42, which is increased from adipose tissue of male mice with obesity and is associated with higher plasma Aβ42. Increasing circulating Aβ42 levels in male mice without obesity has no effect on systemic glucose homeostasis but has obesity-like effects on the heart, including reduced cardiac glucose clearance and impaired cardiac function. The closely related Aβ40 isoform does not have these same effects on the heart. Administration of an Aβ-neutralising antibody prevents obesity-induced cardiac dysfunction and hypertrophy. Furthermore, Aβ-neutralising antibody administration in established obesity prevents further deterioration of cardiac function. Multi-contrast transcriptomic analyses reveal that Aβ42 impacts pathways of mitochondrial metabolism and exposure of cardiomyocytes to Aβ42 inhibits mitochondrial complex I. These data reveal a role for systemic Aβ42 in the development of cardiac disease in obesity and suggest that therapeutics designed for Alzheimer's disease could be effective in combating obesity-induced heart failure.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Liam G Hall
- Institute for Mental and Physical Health and Clinical Translation, Metabolic Research Unit, School of Medicine, Deakin University, Geelong, Australia
- Department of Cellular and Physiological Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada
| | - Juliane K Czeczor
- Institute for Mental and Physical Health and Clinical Translation, Metabolic Research Unit, School of Medicine, Deakin University, Geelong, Australia
- Becton Dickinson GmbH, Medical Affairs, 69126, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Timothy Connor
- Institute for Mental and Physical Health and Clinical Translation, Metabolic Research Unit, School of Medicine, Deakin University, Geelong, Australia
| | - Javier Botella
- Institute for Mental and Physical Health and Clinical Translation, Metabolic Research Unit, School of Medicine, Deakin University, Geelong, Australia
| | - Kirstie A De Jong
- Institute for Mental and Physical Health and Clinical Translation, Metabolic Research Unit, School of Medicine, Deakin University, Geelong, Australia
- Institute of Experimental Cardiovascular Research, University Medical Centre Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Mark C Renton
- Institute for Physical Activity and Nutrition, School of Exercise and Nutrition Sciences, Deakin University, Geelong, Australia
| | - Amanda J Genders
- Institute for Mental and Physical Health and Clinical Translation, Metabolic Research Unit, School of Medicine, Deakin University, Geelong, Australia
- Department of Nutrition, Dietetics and Food, School of Clinical Sciences and Victorian Heart Institute, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Kylie Venardos
- Institute for Mental and Physical Health and Clinical Translation, Metabolic Research Unit, School of Medicine, Deakin University, Geelong, Australia
| | - Sheree D Martin
- Institute for Mental and Physical Health and Clinical Translation, Metabolic Research Unit, School of Medicine, Deakin University, Geelong, Australia
| | - Simon T Bond
- Institute for Mental and Physical Health and Clinical Translation, Metabolic Research Unit, School of Medicine, Deakin University, Geelong, Australia
- Baker Heart and Diabetes Institute, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Kathryn Aston-Mourney
- Institute for Mental and Physical Health and Clinical Translation, Metabolic Research Unit, School of Medicine, Deakin University, Geelong, Australia
| | - Kirsten F Howlett
- Institute for Physical Activity and Nutrition, School of Exercise and Nutrition Sciences, Deakin University, Geelong, Australia
| | | | | | - Ken R Walder
- Institute for Mental and Physical Health and Clinical Translation, Metabolic Research Unit, School of Medicine, Deakin University, Geelong, Australia
| | - Matthew McKenzie
- School of Life and Environmental Science, Deakin University, Geelong, Australia
| | - Mark Ziemann
- School of Life and Environmental Science, Deakin University, Geelong, Australia
| | - Sean L McGee
- Institute for Mental and Physical Health and Clinical Translation, Metabolic Research Unit, School of Medicine, Deakin University, Geelong, Australia.
- Ambetex Pty Ltd, Geelong, Australia.
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Sun Z, Liu Y, Zhao Y, Xu Y. Animal Models of Type 2 Diabetes Complications: A Review. Endocr Res 2024; 49:46-58. [PMID: 37950485 DOI: 10.1080/07435800.2023.2278049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2023] [Accepted: 10/27/2023] [Indexed: 11/12/2023]
Abstract
Diabetes mellitus is a multifactorial metabolic disease, of which type 2 diabetes (T2D) is one of the most common. The complications of diabetes are far more harmful than diabetes itself. Type 2 diabetes complications include diabetic nephropathy (DN), diabetic heart disease, diabetic foot ulcers (DFU), diabetic peripheral neuropathy (DPN), and diabetic retinopathy (DR) et al. Many animal models have been developed to study the pathogenesis of T2D and discover an effective strategy to treat its consequences. In this sense, it is crucial to choose the right animal model for the corresponding diabetic complication. This paper summarizes and classifies the animal modeling approaches to T2D complications and provides a comprehensive review of their advantages and disadvantages. It is hopeful that this paper will provide theoretical support for animal trials of diabetic complications.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zhongyan Sun
- Faculty of Chinese Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicines, Macau University of Science and Technology, Macao SAR, Taipa, PR China
| | - Yadi Liu
- Faculty of Chinese Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicines, Macau University of Science and Technology, Macao SAR, Taipa, PR China
| | - Yonghua Zhao
- Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, University of Macau, Macao, Taipa, PR China
| | - Youhua Xu
- Faculty of Chinese Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicines, Macau University of Science and Technology, Macao SAR, Taipa, PR China
- Zhuhai Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine,Macau University of Science and Technology, Zhuhai, PR China
- Macau University of Science and Technology, Zhuhai MUST Science and Technology Research Institute, Hengqin, Zhuhai, PR China
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Jasińska-Stroschein M. Searching for Effective Treatments in HFpEF: Implications for Modeling the Disease in Rodents. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2023; 16:1449. [PMID: 37895920 PMCID: PMC10610318 DOI: 10.3390/ph16101449] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2023] [Revised: 10/04/2023] [Accepted: 10/10/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND While the prevalence of heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF) has increased over the last two decades, there still remains a lack of effective treatment. A key therapeutic challenge is posed by the absence of animal models that accurately replicate the complexities of HFpEF. The present review summarizes the effects of a wide spectrum of therapeutic agents on HF. METHODS Two online databases were searched for studies; in total, 194 experimental protocols were analyzed following the PRISMA protocol. RESULTS A diverse range of models has been proposed for studying therapeutic interventions for HFpEF, with most being based on pressure overload and systemic hypertension. They have been used to evaluate more than 150 different substances including ARNIs, ARBs, HMGR inhibitors, SGLT-2 inhibitors and incretins. Existing preclinical studies have primarily focused on LV diastolic performance, and this has been significantly improved by a wide spectrum of candidate therapeutic agents. Few experiments have investigated the normalization of pulmonary congestion, exercise capacity, animal mortality, or certain molecular hallmarks of heart disease. CONCLUSIONS The development of comprehensive preclinical HFpEF models, with multi-organ system phenotyping and physiologic stress-based functional testing, is needed for more successful translation of preclinical research to clinical trials.
Collapse
|
6
|
Chen J, Chen H, Muhammad I, Han T, Zhang D, Li B, Zhou X, Zhou F. Protein kinase D1 promotes the survival of random-pattern skin flaps in rats. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2023; 641:67-76. [PMID: 36525926 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2022.12.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2022] [Revised: 11/20/2022] [Accepted: 12/07/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND In reconstructive surgery, random skin flaps are commonly used tools to cover skin defects, however, their applicability and size are limited by post-operative complications such as marginal ischemia-reperfusion injury and flap necrosis. Protein kinase D1 (PKD1), a calcium/calmodulin-dependent serine/threonine kinase, is known to induce angiogenesis and has been shown to mitigate ischemia in cardiovascular diseases. However, the role of PKD1 has not been investigated in skin flaps. METHOD Seventy-five male Sprague-Dawley rats with skin flaps were randomly divided into three groups: control, PKD1, and CID755673. Seven days following surgery, we assessed the general view and survival rate of the flap using histological analysis. Laser Doppler and lead oxide/gelatin angiography were used to evaluate microcirculation blood flow. Histopathological changes, neovascularization and microvascular density (MVD). were examined and calculated using microscopy after H&E staining. Protein expression levels were determined using immunoblotting and immunohistochemistry techniques. RESULT PKD1 significantly improved flap survival by upregulating angiogenic factors VEGF and cadherin5 and increasing antioxidant enzymes SOD, eNOS, and HO1, as well as reducing caspase 3, cytochrome c, and Bax expression, and attenuating IL-1β, IL-6, and TNF-α. In the PKD1 group, PKD1 increased neovascularization, and blood flow and flap survival areas were larger as compared to the control and CID755673 groups. CONCLUSION These findings show that PKD1 accelerates angiogenesis, reduces oxidative stress, and impedes apoptosis and inflammation, thus resulting in improved flap survival. Our observations indicated that PKD1 could be a therapeutic target for flap failure treatment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jianpeng Chen
- The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China; The Second School of Medicine, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Hongyu Chen
- Zhejiang University School of Medicine, China
| | - Ismail Muhammad
- The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China; The Second School of Medicine, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Tao Han
- The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China; The Second School of Medicine, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Dupiao Zhang
- The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China; The Second School of Medicine, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | | | - Xijie Zhou
- The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China; The Second School of Medicine, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China.
| | - Feiya Zhou
- The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China; The Second School of Medicine, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China.
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Wang QJ, Wipf P. Small Molecule Inhibitors of Protein Kinase D: Early Development, Current Approaches, and Future Directions. J Med Chem 2023; 66:122-139. [PMID: 36538005 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.2c01599] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Now entering its fourth decade, research on the biological function, small molecule inhibition, and disease relevance of the three known isoforms of protein kinase D, PKD1, PKD2, and PKD3, has entered a mature development stage. This mini-perspective focuses on the medicinal chemistry that provided a structurally diverse set of mainly active site inhibitors, which, for a brief time period, moved through preclinical development stages but have yet to be tested in clinical trials. In particular, between 2006 and 2012, a rapid expansion of synthetic efforts led to several moderately to highly PKD-selective chemotypes but did not yet achieve PKD subtype selectivity or resolve general toxicity and pharmacokinetic challenges. In addition to cancer, other unresolved medical needs in cardiovascular, inflammatory, and metabolic diseases would, however, benefit from a renewed focus on potent and selective PKD modulators.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Qiming Jane Wang
- Department of Pharmacology and Chemical Biology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15261, United States
| | - Peter Wipf
- Department of Chemistry, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15260, United States.,School of Pharmacy, University of Eastern Finland, 70210 Kuopio, Finland
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Tarkhnishvili A, Koentges C, Pfeil K, Gollmer J, Byrne NJ, Vosko I, Lueg J, Vogelbacher L, Birkle S, Tang S, Bon-Nawul Mwinyella T, Hoffmann MM, Odening KE, Michel NA, Wolf D, Stachon P, Hilgendorf I, Wallner M, Ljubojevic-Holzer S, von Lewinski D, Rainer P, Sedej S, Sourij H, Bode C, Zirlik A, Bugger H. Effects of Short Term Adiponectin Receptor Agonism on Cardiac Function and Energetics in Diabetic db/db Mice. J Lipid Atheroscler 2022; 11:161-177. [PMID: 35656151 PMCID: PMC9133777 DOI: 10.12997/jla.2022.11.2.161] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2021] [Revised: 12/01/2021] [Accepted: 12/29/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective Impaired cardiac efficiency is a hallmark of diabetic cardiomyopathy in models of type 2 diabetes. Adiponectin receptor 1 (AdipoR1) deficiency impairs cardiac efficiency in non-diabetic mice, suggesting that hypoadiponectinemia in type 2 diabetes may contribute to impaired cardiac efficiency due to compromised AdipoR1 signaling. Thus, we investigated whether targeting cardiac adiponectin receptors may improve cardiac function and energetics, and attenuate diabetic cardiomyopathy in type 2 diabetic mice. Methods A non-selective adiponectin receptor agonist, AdipoRon, and vehicle were injected intraperitoneally into Eight-week-old db/db or C57BLKS/J mice for 10 days. Cardiac morphology and function were evaluated by echocardiography and working heart perfusions. Results Based on echocardiography, AdipoRon treatment did not alter ejection fraction, left ventricular diameters or left ventricular wall thickness in db/db mice compared to vehicle-treated mice. In isolated working hearts, an impairment in cardiac output and efficiency in db/db mice was not improved by AdipoRon. Mitochondrial respiratory capacity, respiration in the presence of oligomycin, and 4-hydroxynonenal levels were similar among all groups. However, AdipoRon induced a marked shift in the substrate oxidation pattern in db/db mice towards increased reliance on glucose utilization. In parallel, the diabetes-associated increase in serum triglyceride levels in vehicle-treated db/db mice was blunted by AdipoRon treatment, while an increase in myocardial triglycerides in vehicle-treated db/db mice was not altered by AdipoRon treatment. Conclusion AdipoRon treatment shifts myocardial substrate preference towards increased glucose utilization, likely by decreasing fatty acid delivery to the heart, but was not sufficient to improve cardiac output and efficiency in db/db mice.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Christoph Koentges
- Heart Center Freiburg University, Department of Cardiology and Angiology I, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Katharina Pfeil
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Johannes Gollmer
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Nikole J Byrne
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Ivan Vosko
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Julia Lueg
- Heart Center Freiburg University, Department of Cardiology and Angiology I, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Laura Vogelbacher
- Heart Center Freiburg University, Department of Cardiology and Angiology I, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Stephan Birkle
- Heart Center Freiburg University, Department of Cardiology and Angiology I, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Sibai Tang
- Heart Center Freiburg University, Department of Cardiology and Angiology I, Freiburg, Germany
| | | | - Michael M Hoffmann
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
- Institute for Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine, Medical Center – University of Freiburg, Germany
| | - Katja E Odening
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
- Translational Cardiology, Department of Cardiology, Bern University Hospital, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Nathaly Anto Michel
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Dennis Wolf
- Heart Center Freiburg University, Department of Cardiology and Angiology I, Freiburg, Germany
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Peter Stachon
- Heart Center Freiburg University, Department of Cardiology and Angiology I, Freiburg, Germany
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Ingo Hilgendorf
- Heart Center Freiburg University, Department of Cardiology and Angiology I, Freiburg, Germany
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Markus Wallner
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Senka Ljubojevic-Holzer
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
- BioTechMed Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Dirk von Lewinski
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Peter Rainer
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Simon Sedej
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Harald Sourij
- Cardiovascular Diabetology Research Group, Division of Endocrinology and Diabetology, Department of Internal Medicine, Medical University of Graz, Austria
| | - Christoph Bode
- Heart Center Freiburg University, Department of Cardiology and Angiology I, Freiburg, Germany
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Andreas Zirlik
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Heiko Bugger
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Lv D, Chen H, Feng Y, Cui B, Kang Y, Zhang P, Luo M, Chen J. Small-Molecule Inhibitor Targeting Protein Kinase D: A Potential Therapeutic Strategy. Front Oncol 2021; 11:680221. [PMID: 34249722 PMCID: PMC8263921 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2021.680221] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2021] [Accepted: 06/07/2021] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
The protein kinase D (PKD) family is a family of serine-threonine kinases that are members of the calcium/calmodulin-dependent kinase (CaMK) superfamily. PKDs have been increasingly implicated in multiple pivotal cellular processes and pathological conditions. PKD dysregulation is associated with several diseases, including cancer, inflammation, and obesity. Over the past few years, small-molecule inhibitors have emerged as alternative targeted therapy with fewer adverse side effects than currently available chemotherapy, and these specifically targeted inhibitors limit non-specific toxicities. The successful development of PKD inhibitors would significantly suppress the growth and proliferation of various cancers and inhibit the progression of other diseases. Various PKD inhibitors have been studied in the preclinical setting. In this context, we summarize the PKD inhibitors under investigation and their application for different kinds of diseases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Die Lv
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Hongli Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Yun Feng
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Bomiao Cui
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Yingzhu Kang
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Ping Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Min Luo
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Jiao Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Abstract
Alterations in cardiac energy metabolism contribute to the severity of heart failure. However, the energy metabolic changes that occur in heart failure are complex and are dependent not only on the severity and type of heart failure present but also on the co-existence of common comorbidities such as obesity and type 2 diabetes. The failing heart faces an energy deficit, primarily because of a decrease in mitochondrial oxidative capacity. This is partly compensated for by an increase in ATP production from glycolysis. The relative contribution of the different fuels for mitochondrial ATP production also changes, including a decrease in glucose and amino acid oxidation, and an increase in ketone oxidation. The oxidation of fatty acids by the heart increases or decreases, depending on the type of heart failure. For instance, in heart failure associated with diabetes and obesity, myocardial fatty acid oxidation increases, while in heart failure associated with hypertension or ischemia, myocardial fatty acid oxidation decreases. Combined, these energy metabolic changes result in the failing heart becoming less efficient (ie, a decrease in cardiac work/O2 consumed). The alterations in both glycolysis and mitochondrial oxidative metabolism in the failing heart are due to both transcriptional changes in key enzymes involved in these metabolic pathways, as well as alterations in NAD redox state (NAD+ and nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide levels) and metabolite signaling that contribute to posttranslational epigenetic changes in the control of expression of genes encoding energy metabolic enzymes. Alterations in the fate of glucose, beyond flux through glycolysis or glucose oxidation, also contribute to the pathology of heart failure. Of importance, pharmacological targeting of the energy metabolic pathways has emerged as a novel therapeutic approach to improving cardiac efficiency, decreasing the energy deficit and improving cardiac function in the failing heart.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Gary D Lopaschuk
- Cardiovascular Research Centre, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada (G.D.L., Q.G.K.)
| | - Qutuba G Karwi
- Cardiovascular Research Centre, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada (G.D.L., Q.G.K.)
| | - Rong Tian
- Mitochondria and Metabolism Center, University of Washington, Seattle (R.T.)
| | - Adam R Wende
- Division of Molecular and Cellular Pathology, Department of Pathology, University of Alabama at Birmingham (A.R.W.)
| | - E Dale Abel
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, University of Iowa Carver College of Medicine, Iowa City (E.D.A.).,Fraternal Order of Eagles Diabetes Research Center, University of Iowa Carver College of Medicine, Iowa City (E.D.A.)
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Trujillo‐Viera J, El‐Merahbi R, Schmidt V, Karwen T, Loza‐Valdes A, Strohmeyer A, Reuter S, Noh M, Wit M, Hawro I, Mocek S, Fey C, Mayer AE, Löffler MC, Wilhelmi I, Metzger M, Ishikawa E, Yamasaki S, Rau M, Geier A, Hankir M, Seyfried F, Klingenspor M, Sumara G. Protein Kinase D2 drives chylomicron-mediated lipid transport in the intestine and promotes obesity. EMBO Mol Med 2021; 13:e13548. [PMID: 33949105 PMCID: PMC8103097 DOI: 10.15252/emmm.202013548] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2020] [Revised: 03/16/2021] [Accepted: 03/17/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Lipids are the most energy-dense components of the diet, and their overconsumption promotes obesity and diabetes. Dietary fat content has been linked to the lipid processing activity by the intestine and its overall capacity to absorb triglycerides (TG). However, the signaling cascades driving intestinal lipid absorption in response to elevated dietary fat are largely unknown. Here, we describe an unexpected role of the protein kinase D2 (PKD2) in lipid homeostasis. We demonstrate that PKD2 activity promotes chylomicron-mediated TG transfer in enterocytes. PKD2 increases chylomicron size to enhance the TG secretion on the basolateral side of the mouse and human enterocytes, which is associated with decreased abundance of APOA4. PKD2 activation in intestine also correlates positively with circulating TG in obese human patients. Importantly, deletion, inactivation, or inhibition of PKD2 ameliorates high-fat diet-induced obesity and diabetes and improves gut microbiota profile in mice. Taken together, our findings suggest that PKD2 represents a key signaling node promoting dietary fat absorption and may serve as an attractive target for the treatment of obesity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jonathan Trujillo‐Viera
- Rudolf‐Virchow‐ZentrumCenter for Integrative and Translational BioimagingUniversity of WürzburgWürzburgGermany
| | - Rabih El‐Merahbi
- Rudolf‐Virchow‐ZentrumCenter for Integrative and Translational BioimagingUniversity of WürzburgWürzburgGermany
| | - Vanessa Schmidt
- Rudolf‐Virchow‐ZentrumCenter for Integrative and Translational BioimagingUniversity of WürzburgWürzburgGermany
| | - Till Karwen
- Rudolf‐Virchow‐ZentrumCenter for Integrative and Translational BioimagingUniversity of WürzburgWürzburgGermany
| | - Angel Loza‐Valdes
- Nencki Institute of Experimental BiologyPolish Academy of SciencesWarszawaPoland
| | - Akim Strohmeyer
- Chair for Molecular Nutritional MedicineTechnical University of MunichTUM School of Life Sciences WeihenstephanFreisingGermany
- EKFZ ‐ Else Kröner‐Fresenius‐Center for Nutritional MedicineTechnical University of MunichMunichGermany
- ZIEL ‐ Institute for Food & HealthTechnical University of MunichFreisingGermany
| | - Saskia Reuter
- Rudolf‐Virchow‐ZentrumCenter for Integrative and Translational BioimagingUniversity of WürzburgWürzburgGermany
| | - Minhee Noh
- Rudolf‐Virchow‐ZentrumCenter for Integrative and Translational BioimagingUniversity of WürzburgWürzburgGermany
| | - Magdalena Wit
- Nencki Institute of Experimental BiologyPolish Academy of SciencesWarszawaPoland
| | - Izabela Hawro
- Nencki Institute of Experimental BiologyPolish Academy of SciencesWarszawaPoland
| | - Sabine Mocek
- Chair for Molecular Nutritional MedicineTechnical University of MunichTUM School of Life Sciences WeihenstephanFreisingGermany
- EKFZ ‐ Else Kröner‐Fresenius‐Center for Nutritional MedicineTechnical University of MunichMunichGermany
- ZIEL ‐ Institute for Food & HealthTechnical University of MunichFreisingGermany
| | - Christina Fey
- Fraunhofer Institute for Silicate Research (ISC)Translational Center Regenerative Therapies (TLC‐RT)WürzburgGermany
| | - Alexander E Mayer
- Rudolf‐Virchow‐ZentrumCenter for Integrative and Translational BioimagingUniversity of WürzburgWürzburgGermany
| | - Mona C Löffler
- Rudolf‐Virchow‐ZentrumCenter for Integrative and Translational BioimagingUniversity of WürzburgWürzburgGermany
| | - Ilka Wilhelmi
- Department of Experimental DiabetologyGerman Institute of Human Nutrition Potsdam‐RehbrueckeNuthetalGermany
- German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD)München‐NeuherbergGermany
| | - Marco Metzger
- Fraunhofer Institute for Silicate Research (ISC)Translational Center Regenerative Therapies (TLC‐RT)WürzburgGermany
| | - Eri Ishikawa
- Molecular ImmunologyResearch Institute for Microbial Diseases (RIMD)Osaka UniversitySuitaJapan
- Molecular ImmunologyImmunology Frontier Research Center (IFReC)Osaka UniversitySuitaJapan
| | - Sho Yamasaki
- Molecular ImmunologyResearch Institute for Microbial Diseases (RIMD)Osaka UniversitySuitaJapan
- Molecular ImmunologyImmunology Frontier Research Center (IFReC)Osaka UniversitySuitaJapan
| | - Monika Rau
- Division of HepatologyUniversity Hospital WürzburgWürzburgGermany
| | - Andreas Geier
- Division of HepatologyUniversity Hospital WürzburgWürzburgGermany
| | - Mohammed Hankir
- Department of General, Visceral, Transplant, Vascular and Pediatric SurgeryUniversity Hospital WürzburgWürzburgGermany
| | - Florian Seyfried
- Department of General, Visceral, Transplant, Vascular and Pediatric SurgeryUniversity Hospital WürzburgWürzburgGermany
| | - Martin Klingenspor
- Chair for Molecular Nutritional MedicineTechnical University of MunichTUM School of Life Sciences WeihenstephanFreisingGermany
- EKFZ ‐ Else Kröner‐Fresenius‐Center for Nutritional MedicineTechnical University of MunichMunichGermany
- ZIEL ‐ Institute for Food & HealthTechnical University of MunichFreisingGermany
| | - Grzegorz Sumara
- Rudolf‐Virchow‐ZentrumCenter for Integrative and Translational BioimagingUniversity of WürzburgWürzburgGermany
- Nencki Institute of Experimental BiologyPolish Academy of SciencesWarszawaPoland
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Zhang X, Connelly J, Chao Y, Wang QJ. Multifaceted Functions of Protein Kinase D in Pathological Processes and Human Diseases. Biomolecules 2021; 11:biom11030483. [PMID: 33807058 PMCID: PMC8005150 DOI: 10.3390/biom11030483] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2021] [Revised: 03/13/2021] [Accepted: 03/15/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Protein kinase D (PKD) is a family of serine/threonine protein kinases operating in the signaling network of the second messenger diacylglycerol. The three family members, PKD1, PKD2, and PKD3, are activated by a variety of extracellular stimuli and transduce cell signals affecting many aspects of basic cell functions including secretion, migration, proliferation, survival, angiogenesis, and immune response. Dysregulation of PKD in expression and activity has been detected in many human diseases. Further loss- or gain-of-function studies at cellular levels and in animal models provide strong support for crucial roles of PKD in many pathological conditions, including cancer, metabolic disorders, cardiac diseases, central nervous system disorders, inflammatory diseases, and immune dysregulation. Complexity in enzymatic regulation and function is evident as PKD isoforms may act differently in different biological systems and disease models, and understanding the molecular mechanisms underlying these differences and their biological significance in vivo is essential for the development of safer and more effective PKD-targeted therapies. In this review, to provide a global understanding of PKD function, we present an overview of the PKD family in several major human diseases with more focus on cancer-associated biological processes.
Collapse
|
13
|
Renton MC, McGee SL, Howlett KF. The role of protein kinase D (PKD) in intracellular nutrient sensing and regulation of adaptive responses to the obese environment. Obes Rev 2021; 22:e13145. [PMID: 32929844 DOI: 10.1111/obr.13145] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2020] [Revised: 08/19/2020] [Accepted: 09/01/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Obesity is associated with ectopic accumulation of lipids, which is implicated in the development of insulin resistance, type 2 diabetes mellitus and cardiovascular disease. As the global prevalence of obesity continues to rise, it is becoming increasingly important to understand the underlying cellular mechanisms of this disease. Protein kinase D (PKD) is an intracellular signalling kinase with well characterized roles in intracellular vesicle transport and secretion, cancer cell proliferation and cardiac hypertrophy. However, emerging evidence also highlights PKD as a novel nutrient sensor. PKD activation is mediated by the accumulation of the lipid intermediate diacylglycerol, and PKD activity in the liver, heart and adipose tissue increases upon feeding. In obesity, PKD signalling is linked to reduced insulin signalling and dysfunction in adipose tissue, liver and heart, whilst in the pancreas, PKD is essential for the compensatory increase in glucose-stimulated insulin secretion from β-cells during obesity. Collectively, these studies reveal aspects of PKD signalling that are involved in the tissue-specific responses to obesity. This review summarizes the emerging evidence suggesting that PKD plays an important role in regulating the adaptive response to the obese environment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mark C Renton
- Institute for Physical Activity and Nutrition, School of Exercise and Nutrition Science, Deakin University, Geelong, Australia
| | - Sean L McGee
- Institute for Mental and Physical Health and Clinical Translation, Metabolic Research Unit, School of Medicine, Deakin University, Geelong, Australia
| | - Kirsten F Howlett
- Institute for Physical Activity and Nutrition, School of Exercise and Nutrition Science, Deakin University, Geelong, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
De Jong KA, Hall LG, Renton MC, Connor T, Martin SD, Kowalski GM, Shaw CS, Bruce CR, Howlett KF, McGee SL. Loss of protein kinase D activity demonstrates redundancy in cardiac glucose metabolism and preserves cardiac function in obesity. Mol Metab 2020; 42:101105. [PMID: 33099046 PMCID: PMC7680779 DOI: 10.1016/j.molmet.2020.101105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2020] [Revised: 10/18/2020] [Accepted: 10/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective Protein kinase D (PKD) signaling has been implicated in stress-induced cardiac remodeling and function as well as metabolic processes including contraction-mediated cardiac glucose uptake. PKD has recently emerged as a nutrient-sensing kinase that is activated in high-lipid environments, such as in obesity. However, the role of PKD signaling in cardiac glucose metabolism and cardiac function in both normal and obese conditions remains unknown. Methods A cardiac-specific and inducible dominant negative (DN) PKD mouse model was developed. Echocardiography was used to assess cardiac function, while metabolic phenotyping was performed, including stable isotope metabolomics on cardiac tissue in mice fed either regular chow or a high-fat diet (43% calories from fat). Results Cardiac PKD activity declined by ∼90% following DN PKD induction in adult mice. The mice had diminished basal cardiac glucose clearance, suggesting impaired contraction-mediated glucose uptake, but normal cardiac function. In obesity studies, systolic function indices were reduced in control mice, but not in cardiac DN PKD mice. Using targeted stable isotope metabolomic analyses, no differences in glucose flux through glycolysis or the TCA cycle were observed between groups. Conclusions The data show that PKD contributes to cardiac dysfunction in obesity and highlight the redundancy in cardiac glucose metabolism that maintains cardiac glucose flux in vivo. The data suggest that impairments in contraction-mediated glucose uptake are unlikely to drive cardiac dysfunction in both normal and metabolic disease states. Cardiac protein kinase D (PKD) is required for contraction-mediated glucose uptake. PKD is not essential for normal cardiac function. Loss of PKD activity does not alter cardiac glucose flux in normal or obese mice. Loss of cardiac PKD activity preserves cardiac function in obesity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kirstie A De Jong
- Institute for Mental and Physical Health and Clinical Translation, Metabolic Research Unit, School of Medicine, Deakin University, Geelong, Australia; Institute of Experimental Cardiovascular Research, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Germany
| | - Liam G Hall
- Institute for Mental and Physical Health and Clinical Translation, Metabolic Research Unit, School of Medicine, Deakin University, Geelong, Australia
| | - Mark C Renton
- Institute for Physical Activity and Nutrition, School of Exercise and Nutrition Science, Deakin University, Geelong, Australia
| | - Timothy Connor
- Institute for Mental and Physical Health and Clinical Translation, Metabolic Research Unit, School of Medicine, Deakin University, Geelong, Australia
| | - Sheree D Martin
- Institute for Mental and Physical Health and Clinical Translation, Metabolic Research Unit, School of Medicine, Deakin University, Geelong, Australia
| | - Greg M Kowalski
- Institute for Mental and Physical Health and Clinical Translation, Metabolic Research Unit, School of Medicine, Deakin University, Geelong, Australia; Institute for Physical Activity and Nutrition, School of Exercise and Nutrition Science, Deakin University, Geelong, Australia
| | - Christopher S Shaw
- Institute for Physical Activity and Nutrition, School of Exercise and Nutrition Science, Deakin University, Geelong, Australia
| | - Clinton R Bruce
- Institute for Physical Activity and Nutrition, School of Exercise and Nutrition Science, Deakin University, Geelong, Australia
| | - Kirsten F Howlett
- Institute for Physical Activity and Nutrition, School of Exercise and Nutrition Science, Deakin University, Geelong, Australia
| | - Sean L McGee
- Institute for Mental and Physical Health and Clinical Translation, Metabolic Research Unit, School of Medicine, Deakin University, Geelong, Australia.
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Dash R, Arifuzzaman M, Mitra S, Abdul Hannan M, Absar N, Hosen SMZ. Unveiling the Structural Insights into the Selective Inhibition of Protein Kinase D1. Curr Pharm Des 2020; 25:1059-1074. [PMID: 31131745 DOI: 10.2174/1381612825666190527095510] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2019] [Accepted: 05/14/2019] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Although protein kinase D1 (PKD1) has been proved to be an efficient target for anticancer drug development, lack of structural details and substrate binding mechanisms are the main obstacles for the development of selective inhibitors with therapeutic benefits. OBJECTIVE The present study described the in silico dynamics behaviors of PKD1 in binding with selective and non-selective inhibitors and revealed the critical binding site residues for the selective kinase inhibition. METHODS Here, the three dimensional model of PKD1 was initially constructed by homology modeling along with binding site characterization to explore the non-conserved residues. Subsequently, two known inhibitors were docked to the catalytic site and the detailed ligand binding mechanisms and post binding dyanmics were investigated by molecular dynamics simulation and binding free energy calculations. RESULTS According to the binding site analysis, PKD1 serves several non-conserved residues in the G-loop, hinge and catalytic subunits. Among them, the residues including Leu662, His663, and Asp665 from hinge region made polar interactions with selective PKD1 inhibitor in docking simulation, which were further validated by the molecular dynamics simulation. Both inhibitors strongly influenced the structural dynamics of PKD1 and their computed binding free energies were in accordance with experimental bioactivity data. CONCLUSION The identified non-conserved residues likely to play critical role on molecular reorganization and inhibitor selectivity. Taken together, this study explained the molecular basis of PKD1 specific inhibition, which may help to design new selective inhibitors for better therapies to overcome cancer and PKD1 dysregulated disorders.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Raju Dash
- Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, University of Science and Technology, Chittagong-4202, Bangladesh.,Molecular Modeling and Drug Design Laboratory, Pharmacology Research Division, Bangladesh Council of Scientific and Industrial Research, Chittagong-4220, Bangladesh.,Department of Anatomy, Dongguk University Graduate School of Medicine, Gyeongju 38066, Korea
| | - Md Arifuzzaman
- College of Pharmacy, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan-38541, Korea
| | - Sarmistha Mitra
- Plasma Bioscience Research Center, Plasma-bio display, Kwangwoon University, Seoul, 01897, Korea
| | - Md Abdul Hannan
- Department of Anatomy, Dongguk University Graduate School of Medicine, Gyeongju 38066, Korea.,Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh-2202, Bangladesh
| | - Nurul Absar
- Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, University of Science and Technology, Chittagong-4202, Bangladesh
| | - S M Zahid Hosen
- Molecular Modeling and Drug Design Laboratory, Pharmacology Research Division, Bangladesh Council of Scientific and Industrial Research, Chittagong-4220, Bangladesh
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Jungen C, Scherschel K, Flenner F, Jee H, Rajendran P, De Jong KA, Nikolaev V, Meyer C, Ardell JL, Tompkins JD. Increased arrhythmia susceptibility in type 2 diabetic mice related to dysregulation of ventricular sympathetic innervation. Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol 2019; 317:H1328-H1341. [PMID: 31625779 DOI: 10.1152/ajpheart.00249.2019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) have a greater risk of developing life-threatening cardiac arrhythmias. Because the underlying mechanisms and potential influence of diabetic autonomic neuropathy are not well understood, we aimed to assess the relevance of a dysregulation in cardiac autonomic tone. Ventricular arrhythmia susceptibility was increased in Langendorff-perfused hearts isolated from mice with T2DM (db/db). Membrane properties and synaptic transmission were similar at cardiac postganglionic parasympathetic neurons from diabetic and control mice; however, a greater asynchronous neurotransmitter release was present at sympathetic postganglionic neurons from the stellate ganglia of db/db mice. Western blot analysis showed a reduction of tyrosine hydroxylase (TH) from the ventricles of db/db mice, which was confirmed with confocal imaging as a heterogeneous loss of TH-immunoreactivity from the left ventricular wall but not the apex. In vivo stimulation of cardiac parasympathetic (vagus) or cardiac sympathetic (stellate ganglion) nerves induced similar changes in heart rate in control and db/db mice, and the kinetics of pacing-induced Ca2+ transients (recorded from isolated cardiomyocytes) were similar in control and db/db cells. Antagonism of cardiac muscarinic receptors did not affect the frequency or severity of arrhythmias in db/db mice, but sympathetic blockade with propranolol completely inhibited arrhythmogenicity. Collectively, these findings suggest that the increased ventricular arrhythmia susceptibility of type 2 diabetic mouse hearts is due to dysregulation of the sympathetic ventricular control.NEW & NOTEWORTHY Patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus have greater risk of suffering from sudden cardiac death. We found that the increased ventricular arrhythmia susceptibility in type 2 diabetic mouse hearts is due to cardiac sympathetic dysfunction. Sympathetic dysregulation is indicated by an increased asynchronous release at stellate ganglia, a heterogeneous loss of tyrosine hydroxylase from the ventricular wall but not apex, and inhibition of ventricular arrhythmias in db/db mice after β-sympathetic blockade.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Christiane Jungen
- Department of Cardiology-Electrophysiology, cNEP, cardiac Neuro- and Electrophysiology research group, University Heart Center, University Hospital Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany.,DZHK (German Center for Cardiovascular Research), partner site Hamburg/Kiel/Lübeck, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Katharina Scherschel
- Department of Cardiology-Electrophysiology, cNEP, cardiac Neuro- and Electrophysiology research group, University Heart Center, University Hospital Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany.,DZHK (German Center for Cardiovascular Research), partner site Hamburg/Kiel/Lübeck, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Frederik Flenner
- DZHK (German Center for Cardiovascular Research), partner site Hamburg/Kiel/Lübeck, Hamburg, Germany.,Department of Experimental Pharmacology and Toxicology, Cardiovascular Research Centre, University Medical Centre Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Haesung Jee
- University of California, Los Angeles Cardiac Arrhythmia Center, Neurocardiology Research Program of Excellence, Department of Medicine-Cardiology, Los Angeles, California
| | - Pradeep Rajendran
- University of California, Los Angeles Cardiac Arrhythmia Center, Neurocardiology Research Program of Excellence, Department of Medicine-Cardiology, Los Angeles, California
| | - Kirstie A De Jong
- DZHK (German Center for Cardiovascular Research), partner site Hamburg/Kiel/Lübeck, Hamburg, Germany.,Institute of Experimental Cardiovascular Research, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, University of Hamburg, Germany
| | - Viacheslav Nikolaev
- DZHK (German Center for Cardiovascular Research), partner site Hamburg/Kiel/Lübeck, Hamburg, Germany.,Institute of Experimental Cardiovascular Research, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, University of Hamburg, Germany
| | - Christian Meyer
- Department of Cardiology-Electrophysiology, cNEP, cardiac Neuro- and Electrophysiology research group, University Heart Center, University Hospital Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany.,DZHK (German Center for Cardiovascular Research), partner site Hamburg/Kiel/Lübeck, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Jeffrey L Ardell
- University of California, Los Angeles Cardiac Arrhythmia Center, Neurocardiology Research Program of Excellence, Department of Medicine-Cardiology, Los Angeles, California
| | - John D Tompkins
- University of California, Los Angeles Cardiac Arrhythmia Center, Neurocardiology Research Program of Excellence, Department of Medicine-Cardiology, Los Angeles, California
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
High Intensity Interval Training Ameliorates Mitochondrial Dysfunction in the Left Ventricle of Mice with Type 2 Diabetes. Cardiovasc Toxicol 2019; 19:422-431. [DOI: 10.1007/s12012-019-09514-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
|
18
|
Yang L, Liu N, Zhao W, Li X, Han L, Zhang Z, Wang Y, Mao B. Angiogenic function of astragaloside IV in rats with myocardial infarction occurs via the PKD1-HDAC5-VEGF pathway. Exp Ther Med 2019; 17:2511-2518. [PMID: 30906439 PMCID: PMC6425153 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2019.7273] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2018] [Accepted: 12/13/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
The current study aimed to assess the role and mechanism of astragaloside IV (AS-IV) in myocardial infarction. A myocardial infarction model was established via the ligation of the left anterior descending artery. Rats were randomly divided into sham, DMSO, model, AS-IV, AS-IV-CID755673 and CID755673 inhibitor groups. Rats were then sacrificed following 4 weeks of treatment and segmental heart samples were obtained for hematoxylin and eosin, and masson staining. The expression of PKD1, HDAC5 and VEGF were analyzed using immunohistochemistry, reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction and western blotting. Compared with the sham and DMSO groups, the morphology of myocardium in the model and CID755673 inhibitor groups were disordered and exhibited necrotic myocardial cells and collagen tissues. Following treatment with AS-IV, the morphology of the myocardium was markedly improved and the number of new blood vessels increased. However, following treatment with CID755673, the myocardial tissue of rats became disordered, with an increased number of necrotic cells and the closure of certain vessels. The expression of PKD1, HDAC5 and VEGF mRNA and protein in myocardial tissue of model group and CID755673 inhibitor group were significantly lower than the other four groups (P<0.05), whereas these levels in the AS-IV group were significantly higher than those in the other five groups (P<0.01). Additionally, the AS-IV-CID755673 group exhibited significantly higher levels of PKD1, HDAC5 and VEGF mRNA and protein than the sham, DMSO, CID755673 inhibitor and model groups (P<0.05). Furthermore, the protein expression of pS205 PKD1, pS259 HDAC5 and pTyr951 VEGF in the myocardium of rats was comparable with that of PKD1, HDAC5 and VEGF. AS-IV may partly promote the angiogenesis of myocardial tissue in rats with myocardial infarction via the PKD1-HDAC5-VEGF pathway.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lei Yang
- Henan Key Laboratory of Zhang ZhongJing Formulae and Herbs for Immunoregulation, Nanyang Institute of Technology, Nanyang, Henan 473004, P.R. China.,The Zhang ZhongJing School of Chinese Medicine, Nanyang Institute of Technology, Nanyang, Henan 473004, P.R. China
| | - Nuan Liu
- Henan Key Laboratory of Zhang ZhongJing Formulae and Herbs for Immunoregulation, Nanyang Institute of Technology, Nanyang, Henan 473004, P.R. China.,The Zhang ZhongJing School of Chinese Medicine, Nanyang Institute of Technology, Nanyang, Henan 473004, P.R. China
| | - Wei Zhao
- Henan Key Laboratory of Zhang ZhongJing Formulae and Herbs for Immunoregulation, Nanyang Institute of Technology, Nanyang, Henan 473004, P.R. China.,The Zhang ZhongJing School of Chinese Medicine, Nanyang Institute of Technology, Nanyang, Henan 473004, P.R. China
| | - Xing Li
- Henan Key Laboratory of Zhang ZhongJing Formulae and Herbs for Immunoregulation, Nanyang Institute of Technology, Nanyang, Henan 473004, P.R. China.,The Zhang ZhongJing School of Chinese Medicine, Nanyang Institute of Technology, Nanyang, Henan 473004, P.R. China
| | - Li Han
- Henan Key Laboratory of Zhang ZhongJing Formulae and Herbs for Immunoregulation, Nanyang Institute of Technology, Nanyang, Henan 473004, P.R. China.,The Zhang ZhongJing School of Chinese Medicine, Nanyang Institute of Technology, Nanyang, Henan 473004, P.R. China
| | - Zhongming Zhang
- Henan Key Laboratory of Zhang ZhongJing Formulae and Herbs for Immunoregulation, Nanyang Institute of Technology, Nanyang, Henan 473004, P.R. China.,The Zhang ZhongJing School of Chinese Medicine, Nanyang Institute of Technology, Nanyang, Henan 473004, P.R. China
| | - Yanke Wang
- Henan Key Laboratory of Zhang ZhongJing Formulae and Herbs for Immunoregulation, Nanyang Institute of Technology, Nanyang, Henan 473004, P.R. China
| | - Bingyu Mao
- Henan Key Laboratory of Zhang ZhongJing Formulae and Herbs for Immunoregulation, Nanyang Institute of Technology, Nanyang, Henan 473004, P.R. China.,The Zhang ZhongJing School of Chinese Medicine, Nanyang Institute of Technology, Nanyang, Henan 473004, P.R. China
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Neelankal John A, Ram R, Jiang FX. RNA-Seq Analysis of Islets to Characterise the Dedifferentiation in Type 2 Diabetes Model Mice db/db. Endocr Pathol 2018. [PMID: 29542001 DOI: 10.1007/s12022-018-9523-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Type 2 diabetes (T2D) is a global health issue and dedifferentiation plays underlying causes in the pathophysiology of T2D; however, there is a lack of understanding in the mechanism. Dedifferentiation results from the loss of function of pancreatic β-cells alongside a reduction in essential transcription factors under various physiological stressors. Our study aimed to establish db/db as an animal model for dedifferentiation by using RNA sequencing to compare the gene expression profile in islets isolated from wild-type, db/+ and db/db mice, and qPCR was performed to validate those significant genes. A reduction in both insulin secretion and the expression of Ins1, Ins2, Glut2, Pdx1 and MafA was indicative of dedifferentiation in db/db islets. A comparison of the db/+ and the wild-type islets indicated a reduction in insulin secretion perhaps related to the decreased Mt1. A significant reduction in both Rn45s and Mir6236 was identified in db/+ compared to wild-type islets, which may be indicative of pre-diabetic state. A further significant reduction in RasGRF1, Igf1R and Htt was also identified in dedifferentiated db/db islets. Molecular characterisation of the db/db islets was performed via Ingenuity analysis which identified highly significant genes that may represent new molecular markers of dedifferentiation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Abraham Neelankal John
- Harry Perkins Institute of Medical Research, Centre for Medical Research, University of Western Australia, Nedlands, WA, Australia.
- School of Medicine And Pharmacology, University of Western Australia, Carwley, WA, Australia.
- Islet Cell Development Program, Harry Perkins Institute of Medical Research, Nedlands, Verdun St, Perth Western, 6009, Australia.
| | - Ramesh Ram
- Harry Perkins Institute of Medical Research, Centre for Medical Research, University of Western Australia, Nedlands, WA, Australia
- School of Medicine And Pharmacology, University of Western Australia, Carwley, WA, Australia
| | - Fang-Xu Jiang
- Harry Perkins Institute of Medical Research, Centre for Medical Research, University of Western Australia, Nedlands, WA, Australia.
- School of Medicine And Pharmacology, University of Western Australia, Carwley, WA, Australia.
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Simsek Papur O, Sun A, Glatz JFC, Luiken JJFP, Nabben M. Acute and Chronic Effects of Protein Kinase-D Signaling on Cardiac Energy Metabolism. Front Cardiovasc Med 2018; 5:65. [PMID: 29930945 PMCID: PMC5999788 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2018.00065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2018] [Accepted: 05/17/2018] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Protein kinase-D (PKD) is increasingly recognized as a key regulatory signaling hub in cardiac glucose uptake and also a major player in the development of hypertrophy. Glucose is one of the predominant energy substrates for the heart to support contraction. However, a cardiac substrate switch toward glucose over-usage is associated with the development of cardiac hypertrophy. Hence, regulation of PKD activity must be strictly coordinated. This review provides mechanistic insights into the acute and chronic regulatory functions of PKD signaling in the healthy and hypertrophied heart. First an overview of the activation pathways of PKD1, the most abundant isoform in the heart, is provided. Then the various regulatory roles of the PKD isoforms in the heart in relation to cardiac glucose and fatty acid metabolism, contraction, morphology, function, and the development of cardiac hypertrophy are described. Finally, these findings are integrated and the possibility of targeting this kinase as a novel strategy to combat cardiac diseases is discussed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ozlenen Simsek Papur
- Department of Genetics & Cell Biology, Faculty of Health, Medicine and Life Sciences, Maastricht University, Maastricht, Netherlands.,Department of Molecular Medicine, Institute of Health Science, Dokuz Eylul University, Izmir, Turkey
| | - Aomin Sun
- Department of Genetics & Cell Biology, Faculty of Health, Medicine and Life Sciences, Maastricht University, Maastricht, Netherlands
| | - Jan F C Glatz
- Department of Genetics & Cell Biology, Faculty of Health, Medicine and Life Sciences, Maastricht University, Maastricht, Netherlands
| | - Joost J F P Luiken
- Department of Genetics & Cell Biology, Faculty of Health, Medicine and Life Sciences, Maastricht University, Maastricht, Netherlands
| | - Miranda Nabben
- Department of Genetics & Cell Biology, Faculty of Health, Medicine and Life Sciences, Maastricht University, Maastricht, Netherlands
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Wang W, Duclot F, Groveman BR, Carrier N, Qiao H, Fang XQ, Wang H, Xin W, Jiang XH, Salter MW, Ding XS, Kabbaj M, Yu XM. Hippocampal protein kinase D1 is necessary for DHPG-induced learning and memory impairments in rats. PLoS One 2018; 13:e0195095. [PMID: 29614089 PMCID: PMC5882104 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0195095] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2017] [Accepted: 03/18/2018] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Understanding molecular mechanisms underlying the induction of learning and memory impairments remains a challenge. Recent investigations have shown that the activation of group I mGluRs (mGluR1 and mGluR5) in cultured hippocampal neurons by application of (S)-3,5-Dihydroxyphenylglycine (DHPG) causes the regulated internalization of N-methyl-D-aspartate receptors (NMDARs), which subsequently activates protein kinase D1 (PKD1). Through phosphorylating the C-terminals of the NMDAR GluN2 subunits, PKD1 down-regulates the activity of remaining (non-internalized) surface NMDARs. The knockdown of PKD1 does not affect the DHPG-induced inhibition of AMPA receptor-mediated miniature excitatory post-synaptic currents (mEPSCs) but prevents the DHPG-induced inhibition of NMDAR-mediated mEPSCs in vitro. Thus, we investigated the in vivo effects of bilateral infusions of DHPG into the hippocampal CA1 area of rats in the Morris water maze (MWM) and the novel object discrimination (NOD) tests. Methods A total of 300 adult male Sprague Dawley rats (250–280 g) were used for behavioral tests. One hundred ninety four were used in MWM test and the other 106 rats in the NOD test. Following one week of habituation to the vivarium, rats were bilaterally implanted under deep anesthesia with cannulas aimed at the CA1 area of the hippocampus (CA1 coordinates in mm from Bregma: AP -3.14; lateral +/-2; DV -3.0). Through implanted cannulas artificial cerebrospinal fluid (ACSF), the group1 mGluR antagonist 6-Methyl-2-(phenylethynyl)pyridine (MPEP), the dynamin-dependent internalization inhibitor Dynasore, or the PKD1 inhibitor CID755673 were infused into the bilateral hippocampal CA1 areas (2 μL per side, over 5 min). The effects of these infusions and the effects of PKD1 knockdown were examined in MWM or NOD test. Results DHPG infusion increased the latency to reach the platform in the MWM test and reduced the preference for the novel object in the NOD task. We found that the DHPG effects were dose-dependent and could be maintained for up to 2 days. Notably, these effects could be prevented by pre-infusion of the group1 mGluR antagonist MPEP, the dynamin-dependent internalization inhibitor Dynasore, the PKD1 inhibitor CID755673, or by PKD1 knockdown in the hippocampal CA1 area. Conclusion Altogether, these findings provide direct evidence that PKD1-mediated signaling may play a critical role in the induction of learning and memory impairments by DHPG infusion into the hippocampal CA1 area.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wei Wang
- Department of Neurology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, People’s Republic of China
- BenQ Affiliated Hospital and Neurological Institute, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Florian Duclot
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Florida State University, Tallahassee, Florida, United States of America
| | - Bradley R. Groveman
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Florida State University, Tallahassee, Florida, United States of America
| | - Nicole Carrier
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Florida State University, Tallahassee, Florida, United States of America
| | - Haifa Qiao
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Florida State University, Tallahassee, Florida, United States of America
| | - Xiao-Qian Fang
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Florida State University, Tallahassee, Florida, United States of America
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Texas Rio Grande Valley School of Medicine, Edinburg, Texas, United States of America
| | - Hui Wang
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Florida State University, Tallahassee, Florida, United States of America
| | - Wenkuan Xin
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xing-Hong Jiang
- Department of Physiology and Neurobiology, Medical College of Soochow University, Suzhou, People’s Republic of China
| | - Michael W. Salter
- Program in Neuroscience and Mental Health, Hospital for Sick Children, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Xin-Sheng Ding
- Department of Neurology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, People’s Republic of China
- BenQ Affiliated Hospital and Neurological Institute, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, People’s Republic of China
- * E-mail: (XD); (MK); (XMY)
| | - Mohamed Kabbaj
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Florida State University, Tallahassee, Florida, United States of America
- * E-mail: (XD); (MK); (XMY)
| | - Xian-Min Yu
- BenQ Affiliated Hospital and Neurological Institute, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, People’s Republic of China
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Florida State University, Tallahassee, Florida, United States of America
- Department of Physiology and Neurobiology, Medical College of Soochow University, Suzhou, People’s Republic of China
- * E-mail: (XD); (MK); (XMY)
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Effect of Gegen Qinlian Decoction on Cardiac Gene Expression in Diabetic Mice. Int J Genomics 2017; 2017:7421761. [PMID: 29379793 PMCID: PMC5742884 DOI: 10.1155/2017/7421761] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2017] [Revised: 09/30/2017] [Accepted: 10/26/2017] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The aim of this research is to investigate the therapeutic effect of GGQL decoction on cardiac dysfunction and elucidate the pharmacological mechanisms. db/db mice were divided into DB group or GGQL group, and WT mice were used as control. All mice were accessed by echocardiography. And the total RNA of LV tissue samples was sequenced, then differential expression genes were analyzed. The RNA-seq results were validated by the results of RT-qPCR of 4 genes identified as differentially expressed. The content of pyruvate and ceramide in myocardial tissue was also measured. The results showed that GGQL decoction could significantly improve the diastolic dysfunction, increase the content of pyruvate, and had the trend to reduce the ceramide content. The results of RNA-seq showed that 2958 genes were differentially expressed when comparing the DB group with the WT group. Among them, compared with the DB group, 26 genes were differentially regulated in the GGQL group. The expression results of 4 genes were consistent with the RNA-seq results. Our study reveals that GGQL decoction has a therapeutic effect on diastolic dysfunction of the left ventricular and the effect may be related to its role in promoting myocardial glycolysis and decreasing the content of ceramide.
Collapse
|
23
|
Rodgers JL, Samal E, Mohapatra S, Panguluri SK. Hyperoxia-induced cardiotoxicity and ventricular remodeling in type-II diabetes mice. Heart Vessels 2017; 33:561-572. [PMID: 29209776 DOI: 10.1007/s00380-017-1100-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2017] [Accepted: 12/01/2017] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Hyperoxia, or supplemental oxygen, is regularly used in the clinical setting for critically ill patients in ICU. However, several recent studies have demonstrated the negative impact of this treatment in patients in critical care, including increased rates of lung and cardiac injury, as well as increased mortality. The purpose of this study was to determine the predisposition for arrhythmias and electrical remodeling in a type 2 diabetic mouse model (db/db), as a result of hyperoxia treatment. For this, db/db and their heterozygous controls were treated with hyperoxia (> 90% oxygen) or normoxia (normal air) for 72-h. Immediately following hyperoxia or normoxia treatments, mice underwent surface ECG. Excised left ventricles were used to assess ion channel expression, including for Kv1.4, Kv1.5, Kv4.2, and KChIP2. Serum cardiac markers were also measured, including cardiac troponin I and lactate dehydrogenase. Our results showed that db/db mice have increased sensitivity to arrhythmia. Normoxia-treated db/db mice displayed features of arrhythmia, including QTc and JT prolongation, as well as QRS prolongation. A significant increase in QRS prolongation was also observed in hyperoxia-treated db/db mice, when compared to hyperoxia-treated heterozygous control mice. Db/db mice were also shown to exhibit ion channel dysregulation, as demonstrated by down-regulation in Kv1.5, Kv4.2, and KChIP2 under hyperoxia conditions. From these results, we conclude that: (1) diabetic mice showed distinct pathophysiology, when compared to heterozygous controls, both in normoxia and hyperoxia conditions. (2) Diabetic mice were more susceptible to arrhythmia at normal air conditions; this effect was exacerbated at hyperoxia conditions. (3) Unlike in heterozygous controls, diabetic mice did not demonstrate cardiac hypertrophy as a result of hyperoxia. (4) Ion channel remodeling was also observed in db/db mice under hyperoxia condition similar to its heterozygous controls.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jennifer Leigh Rodgers
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of South Florida, 12901 Bruce B. Downs Blvd., MDC-30, Tampa, FL, 33612, USA
| | - Eva Samal
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Morsani College of Medicine, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL, USA
| | - Subhra Mohapatra
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Morsani College of Medicine, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL, USA
| | - Siva Kumar Panguluri
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of South Florida, 12901 Bruce B. Downs Blvd., MDC-30, Tampa, FL, 33612, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Gaur V, Connor T, Venardos K, Henstridge DC, Martin SD, Swinton C, Morrison S, Aston-Mourney K, Gehrig SM, van Ewijk R, Lynch GS, Febbraio MA, Steinberg GR, Hargreaves M, Walder KR, McGee SL. Scriptaid enhances skeletal muscle insulin action and cardiac function in obese mice. Diabetes Obes Metab 2017; 19:936-943. [PMID: 28155245 DOI: 10.1111/dom.12896] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2016] [Revised: 01/26/2017] [Accepted: 01/28/2017] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
AIM To determine the effect of Scriptaid, a compound that can replicate aspects of the exercise adaptive response through disruption of the class IIa histone deacetylase (HDAC) corepressor complex, on muscle insulin action in obesity. MATERIALS AND METHODS Diet-induced obese mice were administered Scriptaid (1 mg/kg) via daily intraperitoneal injection for 4 weeks. Whole-body and skeletal muscle metabolic phenotyping of mice was performed, in addition to echocardiography, to assess cardiac morphology and function. RESULTS Scriptaid treatment had no effect on body weight or composition, but did increase energy expenditure, supported by increased lipid oxidation, while food intake was also increased. Scriptaid enhanced the expression of oxidative genes and proteins, increased fatty acid oxidation and reduced triglycerides and diacylglycerides in skeletal muscle. Furthermore, ex vivo insulin-stimulated glucose uptake by skeletal muscle was enhanced. Surprisingly, heart weight was reduced in Scriptaid-treated mice and was associated with enhanced expression of genes involved in oxidative metabolism in the heart. Scriptaid also improved indices of both diastolic and systolic cardiac function. CONCLUSION These data show that pharmacological targeting of the class IIa HDAC corepressor complex with Scriptaid could be used to enhance muscle insulin action and cardiac function in obesity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Vidhi Gaur
- Metabolic Research Unit, School of Medicine, Deakin University, Geelong, Australia
| | - Timothy Connor
- Metabolic Research Unit, School of Medicine, Deakin University, Geelong, Australia
| | - Kylie Venardos
- Metabolic Research Unit, School of Medicine, Deakin University, Geelong, Australia
| | - Darren C Henstridge
- Metabolism and Inflammation Program, Baker IDI Heart and Diabetes Institute, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Sheree D Martin
- Metabolic Research Unit, School of Medicine, Deakin University, Geelong, Australia
| | - Courtney Swinton
- Metabolic Research Unit, School of Medicine, Deakin University, Geelong, Australia
| | - Shona Morrison
- Metabolic Research Unit, School of Medicine, Deakin University, Geelong, Australia
| | | | - Stefan M Gehrig
- Department of Physiology, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Australia
| | - Roelof van Ewijk
- Department of Physiology, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Australia
| | - Gordon S Lynch
- Department of Physiology, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Australia
| | - Mark A Febbraio
- Metabolism and Inflammation Program, Baker IDI Heart and Diabetes Institute, Melbourne, Australia
- Division of Diabetes and Metabolism, Garvan Institute of Medical Research, Darlinghurst, Australia
| | - Gregory R Steinberg
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, Canada
| | - Mark Hargreaves
- Department of Physiology, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Australia
| | - Ken R Walder
- Metabolic Research Unit, School of Medicine, Deakin University, Geelong, Australia
| | - Sean L McGee
- Metabolic Research Unit, School of Medicine, Deakin University, Geelong, Australia
- Metabolism and Inflammation Program, Baker IDI Heart and Diabetes Institute, Melbourne, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Phosphoinositide 3-kinase (p110α) gene delivery limits diabetes-induced cardiac NADPH oxidase and cardiomyopathy in a mouse model with established diastolic dysfunction. Clin Sci (Lond) 2017; 131:1345-1360. [DOI: 10.1042/cs20170063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2017] [Revised: 04/21/2017] [Accepted: 05/08/2017] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Phosphoinositide 3-kinase [PI3K (p110α)] is able to negatively regulate the diabetes-induced increase in NADPH oxidase in the heart. Patients affected by diabetes exhibit significant cardiovascular morbidity and mortality, at least in part due to a cardiomyopathy characterized by oxidative stress and left ventricular (LV) dysfunction. Thus, PI3K (p110α) may represent a novel approach to protect the heart from diabetes-induced cardiac oxidative stress and dysfunction. In the present study, we investigated the therapeutic potential of a delayed intervention with cardiac-targeted PI3K gene therapy, administered to mice with established diabetes-induced LV diastolic dysfunction. Diabetes was induced in 6-week-old male mice by streptozotocin (STZ). After 8 weeks of untreated diabetes, LV diastolic dysfunction was confirmed by a reduction in echocardiography-derived transmitral E/A ratio. Diabetic and non-diabetic mice were randomly allocated to receive either recombinant adeno-associated viral vector-6 carrying a constitutively-active PI3K construct (recombinant adeno-associated-virus 6-constitutively active PI3K (p110α) (caPI3K) (rAAV6-caPI3K), single i.v. injection, 2 × 1011 vector genomes) or null vector, and were followed for a further 6 or 8 weeks. At study endpoint, diabetes-induced LV dysfunction was significantly attenuated by a single administration of rAAV6-caPI3K, administered 8 weeks after the induction of diabetes. Diabetes-induced impairments in each of LV NADPH oxidase, endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress, apoptosis, cardiac fibrosis and cardiomyocyte hypertrophy, in addition to LV systolic dysfunction, were attenuated by delayed intervention with rAAV6-caPI3K. Hence, our demonstration that cardiac-targeted PI3K (p110α) gene therapy limits diabetes-induced up-regulation of NADPH oxidase and cardiac remodelling suggests new insights into promising approaches for the treatment of diabetic cardiomyopathy, at a clinically relevant time point (after diastolic dysfunction is manifested).
Collapse
|
26
|
De Jong KA, Lopaschuk GD. Complex Energy Metabolic Changes in Heart Failure With Preserved Ejection Fraction and Heart Failure With Reduced Ejection Fraction. Can J Cardiol 2017; 33:860-871. [PMID: 28579160 DOI: 10.1016/j.cjca.2017.03.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 103] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2016] [Revised: 03/14/2017] [Accepted: 03/14/2017] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Alterations in cardiac energy metabolism contribute to the severity of heart failure. However, the energy metabolic changes that occur in heart failure are complex, and are dependent not only on the severity and type of heart failure present, but also on the coexistence of common comorbidities such as obesity and type 2 diabetes. In this article we review the cardiac energy metabolic changes that occur in heart failure. An emphasis is made on distinguishing the differences in cardiac energy metabolism between heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF) and heart failure with reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF) and in clarifying the common misconceptions surrounding the fate of fatty acids and glucose in the failing heart. The major key points from this article are: (1) mitochondrial oxidative capacity is reduced in HFpEF and HFrEF; (2) fatty acid oxidation is increased in HFpEF and reduced in HFrEF (however, oxidative metabolism of fatty acids in HFrEF still exceeds that of glucose); (3) glucose oxidation is decreased in HFpEF and HFrEF; (4) there is an uncoupling between glucose uptake and oxidation in HFpEF and HFrEF, resulting in an increased rate of glycolysis; (5) ketone body oxidation is increased in HFrEF, which might further reduce fatty acid and glucose oxidation; and finally, (6) branched chain amino acid oxidation is impaired in HFrEF. The understanding of these changes in cardiac energy metabolism in heart failure are essential to allow the development of metabolic modulators in the treatment of heart failure.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kirstie A De Jong
- Mazankowski Alberta Heart Institute, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - Gary D Lopaschuk
- Mazankowski Alberta Heart Institute, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada.
| |
Collapse
|
27
|
Zhao D, Wang W, Wang H, Peng H, Liu X, Guo W, Su G, Zhao Z. PKD knockdown inhibits pressure overload-induced cardiac hypertrophy by promoting autophagy via AKT/mTOR pathway. Int J Biol Sci 2017; 13:276-285. [PMID: 28367092 PMCID: PMC5370435 DOI: 10.7150/ijbs.17617] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2016] [Accepted: 12/06/2016] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Growing evidence shows that protein kinase D (PKD) plays an important role in the development of pressure overload-induced cardiac hypertrophy. However, the mechanisms involved are not clear. This study tested our hypothesis that PKD might mediate cardiac hypertrophy by negatively regulating autophagy using the technique of PKD knockdown by siRNA. Cardiac hypertrophy was induced in 8-week old male C57BL/6 mice by transverse aortic constriction (TAC). TAC mice were then divided into five groups receiving the treatments of vehicle (DMSO), an autophagy inducer rapamycin (1 mg/kg/day, i.p.), control siRNA, lentiviral PKD siRNA (2×108 transducing units/0.1 ml, i.v. injection in one day after surgery, and repeated in 2 weeks after surgery), and PKD siRNA plus 3-methyladenine (3-MA, an autophagy inhibitor, 20 mg/kg/day, i.p.), respectively. Four weeks after TAC surgery, echocardiographic study, hematoxylin and eosin (HE) staining, and Masson's staining showed mice with TAC had significantly hypertrophy and remodeling compared with sham animals. Treatments with PKD siRNA or rapamycin significantly ameliorated the cardiac hypertrophy and dysfunction. Moreover, PKD siRNA increased cardiac autophagic activity determined by electron micrographic study and the biomarkers by Western blot, accompanied with the downregulated AKT/mTOR/S6K signaling pathway. All the cardiac effects of PDK knockdown were inhibited by co-treatment with 3-MA. These results suggest that PKD is involved in the development of cardiac hypertrophy by inhibiting cardiac autophagy via AKT/mTOR pathway.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Di Zhao
- Department of Oncology, Affiliated Hospital of Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Shandong, China
| | - Wei Wang
- Department of Cardiology, Shandong Provincial Chest Hospital, Shandong, China
| | - Hao Wang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, USA
| | - Honghai Peng
- Department of Cardiology, Jinan Central Hospital, Affiliated with Shandong University, Shandong, China
| | - Xiangjuan Liu
- Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Remodeling and Function Research, Chinese Ministry of Education and Chinese Ministry of Health, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Shandong, China
| | - Weixing Guo
- Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Shandong, China
| | - Guohai Su
- Department of Cardiology, Jinan Central Hospital, Affiliated with Shandong University, Shandong, China
| | - Zhuo Zhao
- Department of Cardiology, Jinan Central Hospital, Affiliated with Shandong University, Shandong, China
| |
Collapse
|
28
|
Wood BM, Bossuyt J. Emergency Spatiotemporal Shift: The Response of Protein Kinase D to Stress Signals in the Cardiovascular System. Front Pharmacol 2017; 8:9. [PMID: 28174535 PMCID: PMC5258689 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2017.00009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2016] [Accepted: 01/04/2017] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Protein Kinase D isoforms (PKD 1-3) are key mediators of neurohormonal, oxidative, and metabolic stress signals. PKDs impact a wide variety of signaling pathways and cellular functions including actin dynamics, vesicle trafficking, cell motility, survival, contractility, energy substrate utilization, and gene transcription. PKD activity is also increasingly linked to cancer, immune regulation, pain modulation, memory, angiogenesis, and cardiovascular disease. This increasing complexity and diversity of PKD function, highlights the importance of tight spatiotemporal control of the kinase via protein–protein interactions, post-translational modifications or targeting via scaffolding proteins. In this review, we focus on the spatiotemporal regulation and effects of PKD signaling in response to neurohormonal, oxidant and metabolic signals that have implications for myocardial disease. Precise targeting of these mechanisms will be crucial in the design of PKD-based therapeutic strategies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Brent M Wood
- Department of Pharmacology, University of California, Davis, Davis CA, USA
| | - Julie Bossuyt
- Department of Pharmacology, University of California, Davis, Davis CA, USA
| |
Collapse
|
29
|
Short-term caloric restriction in db/db mice improves myocardial function and increases high molecular weight (HMW) adiponectin. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2016; 13:28-34. [PMID: 27942464 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijcme.2016.10.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Obesity and metabolic syndrome lead to the development of metabolic heart disease (MHD) that is characterized by left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH), diastolic dysfunction, and increased mitochondrial ROS. Caloric restriction (CR) is a nutritional intervention that protects against obesity, diabetes, and cardiovascular disease. Healthy adipose tissue is cardioprotective via releasing adipokines such as adiponectin. We tested the hypothesis that CR can ameliorate MHD and it is associated with improved adipose tissue function as reflected by increased circulating levels of high molecular weight (HMW) adiponectin and AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) in db/db mice. METHODS Genetically obese db/db and lean db/+ male mice were fed either ad libitum or subjected to 30% CR for 5 weeks. At the end of the study period, echocardiography was carried out to assess diastolic function. Blood, heart, and epididymal fat pads were harvested for mitochondrial study, ELISA, and Western blot analyses. RESULTS CR reversed the development of LVH, prevented diastolic dysfunction, and decreased cardiac mitochondrial H2O2 in db/db (vs. ad lib) mice. These beneficial effects on the heart were associated with increased circulating level of HMW adiponectin. Furthermore, CR increased AMPK and eNOS activation in white adipose tissue of db/db mice, but not in the heart. CONCLUSIONS These findings indicate that even short-term CR protects the heart from MHD. Whether the beneficial effects of CR on the heart could be related to the improved adipose tissue function warrants future investigation.
Collapse
|
30
|
Marcinkiewicz-Siemion M, Ciborowski M, Kretowski A, Musial WJ, Kaminski KA. Metabolomics - A wide-open door to personalized treatment in chronic heart failure? Int J Cardiol 2016; 219:156-63. [PMID: 27323342 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijcard.2016.06.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2016] [Accepted: 06/12/2016] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Heart failure (HF) is a complex syndrome representing a final stage of various cardiovascular diseases. Despite significant improvement in the diagnosis and treatment (e.g. ACE-inhibitors, β-blockers, aldosterone antagonists, cardiac resynchronization therapy) of the disease, prognosis of optimally treated patients remains very serious and HF mortality is still unacceptably high. Therefore there is a strong need for further exploration of novel analytical methods, predictive and prognostic biomarkers and more personalized treatment. The metabolism of the failing heart being significantly impaired from its baseline state may be a future target not only for biomarker discovery but also for the pharmacologic intervention. However, an assessment of a particular, isolated metabolite or protein cannot be fully informative and makes a correct interpretation difficult. On the other hand, metabolites profile analysis may greatly assist investigator in an interpretation of the altered pathway dynamics, especially when combined with other lines of evidence (e.g. metabolites from the same pathway, transcriptomics, proteomics). Despite many prior studies on metabolism, the knowledge of peripheral and cardiac pathophysiological mechanisms responsible for the metabolic imbalance and progression of the disease is still insufficient. Metabolomics enabling comprehensive characterization of low molecular weight metabolites (e.g. lipids, sugars, organic acids, amino acids) that reflects the complete metabolic phenotype seems to be the key for further potential improvement in HF treatment (diet-based or biochemical-based). Will this -omics technique one day open a door to easy patients identification before they have a heart failure onset or its decompensation?
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - M Ciborowski
- Clinical Research Centre, Medical University of Bialystok, Poland
| | - A Kretowski
- Clinical Research Centre, Medical University of Bialystok, Poland
| | - W J Musial
- Cardiology Department, University Hospital, Bialystok, Poland
| | - K A Kaminski
- Cardiology Department, University Hospital, Bialystok, Poland; Department of Population Medicine and Civilization Disease Prevention, Medical University of Bialystok, Poland.
| |
Collapse
|