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Gupta N, Sharma PK, Yadav SS, Chauhan M, Datusalia AK, Saha S. Tricompartmental Microcarriers with Controlled Release for Efficient Management of Parkinson's Disease. ACS Biomater Sci Eng 2024; 10:5039-5056. [PMID: 38978474 DOI: 10.1021/acsbiomaterials.4c01042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/10/2024]
Abstract
Parkinson's is a progressive neurodegenerative disease of the nervous system. It has no cure, but its symptoms can be managed by supplying dopamine artificially to the brain.This work aims to engineer tricompartmental polymeric microcarriers by electrohydrodynamic cojetting technique to encapsulate three PD (Parkinson's disease) drugs incorporated with high encapsulation efficiency (∼100%) in a single carrier at a fixed drug ratio of 4:1:8 (Levodopa (LD): Carbidopa(CD): Entacapone (ENT)). Upon oral administration, the drug ratio needs to be maintained during subsequent release from microparticles to enhance the bioavailability of primary drug LD. This presents a notable challenge, as the three drugs vary in their aqueous solubility (LD > CD > ENT). The equilibrium of therapeutic release was achieved using a combination of FDA-approved polymers (PLA, PLGA, PCL, and PEG) and the disc shape of particles. In vitro studies demonstrated the simultaneous release of all the three therapeutics in a sustained and controlled manner. Additionally, pharmacodynamics and pharmacokinetics studies in Parkinson's disease rats induced by rotenone showed a remarkable improvement in PD conditions for the microparticles-fed rats, thereby showing a great promise toward efficient management of PD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nidhi Gupta
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Delhi, New Delhi, Hauz Khas 110016, India
- Department of Applied Chemistry, National Yang-Ming Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu 30010, Taiwan
- International College of Semiconductor Technology, National Yang-Ming Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu 30010, Taiwan
| | - Pankaj Kumar Sharma
- Delhi Institute of Pharmaceutical Science and Research, Delhi Pharmaceutical Sciences and Research University, Pushp Vihar S3, New Delhi 110017, India
| | - Shreyash Santosh Yadav
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Raebareli, Uttar Pradesh 226002, India
| | - Meenakshi Chauhan
- Delhi Institute of Pharmaceutical Science and Research, Delhi Pharmaceutical Sciences and Research University, Pushp Vihar S3, New Delhi 110017, India
| | - Ashok Kumar Datusalia
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Raebareli, Uttar Pradesh 226002, India
| | - Sampa Saha
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Delhi, New Delhi, Hauz Khas 110016, India
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Heiss JD, Ray-Chaudhury A, Kleiner DE, Ehrlich D, Scott G, Edwards NA, Goldstein DS, Hammoud DA, Hadaczek P, Van Laar VS, Graff S, Herscovitch P, Lungu C, Hallett M, Lonser RR, Zaghloul K, Bankiewicz KS. Persistent GDNF Expression 45 Months after Putaminal Infusion of AAV2-GDNF in a Patient with Parkinson's Disease. Mov Disord 2024; 39:1412-1417. [PMID: 38718138 PMCID: PMC11341257 DOI: 10.1002/mds.29820] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2024] [Accepted: 04/08/2024] [Indexed: 08/23/2024] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Gene therapy by convection-enhanced delivery of type 2 adeno-associated virus-glial cell derived neurotrophic factor (AAV2-GDNF) to the bilateral putamina seeks to increase GDNF gene expression and treat Parkinson's disease (PD). METHODS A 63-year-old man with advanced PD received AAV2-GDNF in a clinical trial. He died from pneumonia after anterior cervical discectomy and fusion 45 months later. An autopsy included brain examination for GDNF transgene expression. Putaminal catecholamine concentrations were compared to in vivo 18F-Fluorodopa (18F-FDOPA) positron emission tomography (PET) scanning results before and 18 months after AAV2-GDNF infusion. RESULTS Parkinsonian progression stabilized clinically. Postmortem neuropathology confirmed PD. Bilateral putaminal regions previously infused with AAV2-GDNF expressed the GDNF gene. Total putaminal dopamine was 1% of control, confirming the striatal dopaminergic deficiency suggested by baseline 18F-DOPA-PET scanning. Putaminal regions responded as expected to AAV2-GDNF. CONCLUSION After AAV2-GDNF infusion, infused putaminal regions showed increased GDNF gene expression, tyrosine hydroxylase immunoreactive sprouting, catechol levels, and 18F-FDOPA-PET signal, suggesting the regenerative potential of AAV2-GDNF in PD.
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Affiliation(s)
- John D. Heiss
- Surgical Neurology Branch, National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892
| | - Abhik Ray-Chaudhury
- Surgical Neurology Branch, National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892
| | - David E. Kleiner
- Laboratory of Pathology, National Cancer Institute, Center for Cancer Research, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892
| | - Debra Ehrlich
- Parkinson’s Disease Clinic, Office of the Clinical Director, National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892
| | - Gretchen Scott
- Surgical Neurology Branch, National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892
| | - Nancy A. Edwards
- Surgical Neurology Branch, National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892
| | - David S. Goldstein
- Autonomic Medicine Section, National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892
| | - Dima A. Hammoud
- Center for Infectious Disease Imaging, Clinical Center, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Piotr Hadaczek
- Department of Neurological Surgery, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, Ohio, USA
| | - Victor S. Van Laar
- Department of Neurological Surgery, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, Ohio, USA
| | - Shantelle Graff
- Surgical Neurology Branch, National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892
| | - Peter Herscovitch
- Positron Emission Tomography Department, Clinical Center, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Codrin Lungu
- Division of Clinical Research, and Office of the Clinical Director, National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Mark Hallett
- Human Motor Control Section, Medical Neurology Branch, National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Russell R. Lonser
- Department of Neurological Surgery, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, Ohio, USA
| | - Kareem Zaghloul
- Surgical Neurology Branch, National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892
| | - Krystof S. Bankiewicz
- Department of Neurological Surgery, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, Ohio, USA
- Department of Neurological Surgery, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
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Chen XY, Feng SN, Bao Y, Zhou YX, Ba F. Identification of Clec7a as the therapeutic target of rTMS in alleviating Parkinson's disease: targeting neuroinflammation. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Basis Dis 2023; 1869:166814. [PMID: 37495085 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbadis.2023.166814] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2023] [Revised: 06/25/2023] [Accepted: 07/20/2023] [Indexed: 07/28/2023]
Abstract
Parkinson's disease (PD) is a neurodegenerative disease. Repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) is a therapeutic tool in PD. High-throughput sequencing was performed to screen potential therapeutic targets in unilaterally 6-hydroxydopamine (6-OHDA)-lesioned rats. The candidate gene, Clec7a, was screened out and validated. Clec7a is a pattern recognition receptor involved in neuroinflammation. The higher expression of Clec7a was observed in the substantia nigra (SN) and striatum of PD rats with dopaminergic neurons damage and was mainly localized in the microglial. Adeno-associated virus (AAV)-mediated specific knockdown of Clec7a in microglial alleviated 6-OHDA induced motor deficits and nigrostriatal dopaminergic neuron damage of rats, as evidenced by the increase of tyrosine hydroxylase (TH) -positive neurons in SN, as well as dopaminergic nerve fibers in the striatum. Clec7a knockdown restrained the neuroinflammation by suppressing inflammatory factors (IFN-γ, TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-18, and IL-6) release in SN, which might result from enhanced Arg-1 expression (M2 polarization) and defective inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) expression (M1 polarization). The same phenomena were also observed in the LPS inflammatory rat model of PD. In vitro, α-synuclein fibrils induced upregulation of Clec7a expression and microglia polarization to a pro-inflammatory state of BV2 cells, leading to increased release of cytokines. However, Clec7a knockdown reversed those changes and induced a shift to an anti-inflammatory phenotype in BV2 cells. In conclusion, our study suggested that Clec7a was involved in PD pathogenesis, and its inhibition might protect rats from PD by depressing neuroinflammation through microglial polarization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xue-Yun Chen
- Department of Rehabilitation, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang 110004, Liaoning, China
| | - Si-Ning Feng
- Department of Rehabilitation, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang 110004, Liaoning, China
| | - Yin Bao
- Department of Rehabilitation, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang 110004, Liaoning, China
| | - Yu-Xin Zhou
- Department of Rehabilitation, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang 110004, Liaoning, China
| | - Fang Ba
- Department of Rehabilitation, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang 110004, Liaoning, China.
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Yoshioka Y, Sugino Y, Yamamuro A, Ishimaru Y, Maeda S. Dopamine inhibits the expression of proinflammatory cytokines of microglial cells through the formation of dopamine quinone in the mouse striatum. J Pharmacol Sci 2022; 148:41-50. [PMID: 34924128 DOI: 10.1016/j.jphs.2021.10.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2021] [Revised: 09/18/2021] [Accepted: 10/06/2021] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
We previously reported that dopamine (DA) attenuated lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced expression of proinflammatory cytokines through the formation of DA quinone (DAQ) in murine microglial cell line BV-2 and primary murine microglial cells. To reveal whether DA inhibits the expression of proinflammatory cytokines of microglial cells through the formation of DAQ in the central nervous system (CNS), in this study, we examined the effect of DAQ on LPS-induced mRNA expression of proinflammatory cytokines in C57BL/6 mouse brain under two experimental conditions: 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine (MPTP) administration and l-dopa/carbidopa administration. Acute MPTP administration reduced the number of tyrosine hydroxylase-positive cells in the substantia nigra, and decreased the level of quinoprotein, an indicator of DAQ formation, in the striatum. Real-time RT-PCR analysis revealed that intraperitoneal administration of LPS increased the mRNA levels of proinflammatory cytokines, including tumor-necrosis factor-α and interleukin-1β, in the striatum. These increases were enhanced in MPTP-treated mice. On the other hand, l-dopa/carbidopa administration increased the level of quinoprotein, attenuated the LPS-induced mRNA expression of proinflammatory cytokines, and reduced the LPS-induced increase in the number of microglial cells in the striatum. These results suggest that DA attenuate the expression of proinflammatory cytokines in microglia through the formation of DAQ in the CNS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yasuhiro Yoshioka
- Laboratory of Pharmacotherapeutics, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Setsunan University, 45-1 Nagaotoge-cho, Hirakata, Osaka, 573-0101, Japan.
| | - Yuta Sugino
- Laboratory of Pharmacotherapeutics, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Setsunan University, 45-1 Nagaotoge-cho, Hirakata, Osaka, 573-0101, Japan
| | - Akiko Yamamuro
- Laboratory of Pharmacotherapeutics, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Setsunan University, 45-1 Nagaotoge-cho, Hirakata, Osaka, 573-0101, Japan
| | - Yuki Ishimaru
- Laboratory of Pharmacotherapeutics, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Setsunan University, 45-1 Nagaotoge-cho, Hirakata, Osaka, 573-0101, Japan
| | - Sadaaki Maeda
- Laboratory of Pharmacotherapeutics, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Setsunan University, 45-1 Nagaotoge-cho, Hirakata, Osaka, 573-0101, Japan
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Lakouraj MM, Rezaei M, Hasantabar V. Synthesis, characterization and in-vitro prolonged release of L-DOPA using a novel amphiphilic hydrogel based on sodium alginate-polypyrrole. Int J Biol Macromol 2021; 193:609-618. [PMID: 34737077 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2021.10.171] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2021] [Revised: 10/18/2021] [Accepted: 10/21/2021] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
As a serious neurodegenerative disorder, the prevalence of Parkinson's disease is predicted to dramatically increase in the coming decades. Despite the development of numerous drugs for its treatment, oral administration of levodopa has remained the simplest and most effective pharmacological approach in the management of Parkinson's disease. In this research, the levodopa-imprinted hydrogel was synthesized by reverse emulsion polymerization in the presence of levodopa followed by modification with polypyrrole. The antioxidant activity of amphiphilic non-levodopa-imprinted hydrogel was studied by 2,2-Diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl active radicals, which indicated 100% efficiency in the applied amount. Amphiphilic non-levodopa-imprinted hydrogel cytotoxicity was evaluated by MTT assay, which confirmed no significant toxicity after 24 and 48 h even at high concentrations. Moreover, in vitro releasing property of the levodopa-imprinted hydrogel was studied in the pH range of 4 to 7.4, which reached 60 and 80% within 160 h, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Moslem Mansour Lakouraj
- Department of Organic-Polymer Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Mazandaran, Babolsar, Iran
| | - Masoume Rezaei
- Department of Organic-Polymer Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Mazandaran, Babolsar, Iran
| | - Vahid Hasantabar
- Department of Organic-Polymer Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Mazandaran, Babolsar, Iran.
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Adeno-Associated Viral Vectors as Versatile Tools for Parkinson's Research, Both for Disease Modeling Purposes and for Therapeutic Uses. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22126389. [PMID: 34203739 PMCID: PMC8232322 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22126389] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2021] [Revised: 06/09/2021] [Accepted: 06/11/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
It is without any doubt that precision medicine therapeutic strategies targeting neurodegenerative disorders are currently witnessing the spectacular rise of newly designed approaches based on the use of viral vectors as Trojan horses for the controlled release of a given genetic payload. Among the different types of viral vectors, adeno-associated viruses (AAVs) rank as the ones most commonly used for the purposes of either disease modeling or for therapeutic strategies. Here, we reviewed the current literature dealing with the use of AAVs within the field of Parkinson’s disease with the aim to provide neuroscientists with the advice and background required when facing a choice on which AAV might be best suited for addressing a given experimental challenge. Accordingly, here we will be summarizing some insights on different AAV serotypes, and which would be the most appropriate AAV delivery route. Next, the use of AAVs for modeling synucleinopathies is highlighted, providing potential readers with a landscape view of ongoing pre-clinical and clinical initiatives pushing forward AAV-based therapeutic approaches for Parkinson’s disease and related synucleinopathies.
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Moreau C, Rolland AS, Pioli E, Li Q, Odou P, Barthelemy C, Lannoy D, Demailly A, Carta N, Deramecourt V, Auger F, Kuchcinski G, Laloux C, Defebvre L, Bordet R, Duce J, Devedjian JC, Bezard E, Fisichella M, Devos D. Intraventricular dopamine infusion alleviates motor symptoms in a primate model of Parkinson's disease. Neurobiol Dis 2020; 139:104846. [DOI: 10.1016/j.nbd.2020.104846] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2020] [Revised: 02/24/2020] [Accepted: 03/18/2020] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
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8
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Baek JS, Tee JK, Pang YY, Tan EY, Lim KL, Ho HK, Loo SCJ. Improved Bioavailability of Levodopa Using Floatable Spray-Coated Microcapsules for the Management of Parkinson's Disease. Neuromolecular Med 2018; 20:262-270. [PMID: 29696585 DOI: 10.1007/s12017-018-8491-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2018] [Accepted: 04/23/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Oral administration of levodopa (LD) is the gold standard in managing Parkinson's disease (PD). Although LD is the most effective drug in treating PD, chronic administration of LD induces levodopa-induced dyskinesia. A continuous and sustained provision of LD to the brain could, therefore, reduce peak-dose dyskinesia. In commercial oral formulations, LD is co-administrated with an AADC inhibitor (carbidopa) and a COMT inhibitor (entacapone) to enhance its bioavailability. Nevertheless, patients are known to take up to five tablets a day because of poor sustained-releasing capabilities that lead to fluctuations in plasma concentrations. To achieve a prolonged release of LD with the aim of improving its bioavailability, floatable spray-coated microcapsules containing all three PD drugs were developed. This gastro-retentive delivery system showed sustained release of all PD drugs, at similar release kinetics. Pharmacokinetics study was conducted and this newly developed formulation showed a more plateaued delivery of LD that is void of the plasma concentration fluctuations observed for the control (commercial formulation). At the same time, measurements of LD and dopamine of mice administered with this formulation showed enhanced bioavailability of LD. This study highlights a floatable, sustained-releasing delivery system in achieving improved pharmacokinetics data compared to a commercial formulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jong-Suep Baek
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 50 Nanyang Avenue, Singapore, 639798, Singapore
| | - Jie Kai Tee
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Science, National University of Singapore, 18 Science Drive 4, Singapore, 117543, Singapore
| | - Yi Yun Pang
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Science, National University of Singapore, 18 Science Drive 4, Singapore, 117543, Singapore
| | - Ern Yu Tan
- General Surgery Clinic, Tan Tock Seng Hospital, 11 Jalan Tan Tock Seng, Singapore, 308433, Singapore
| | - Kah Leong Lim
- National Neuroscience Institute (NNI), 11 Jalan Tan Tock Seng, Singapore, 308433, Singapore
| | - Han Kiat Ho
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Science, National University of Singapore, 18 Science Drive 4, Singapore, 117543, Singapore
| | - Say Chye Joachim Loo
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 50 Nanyang Avenue, Singapore, 639798, Singapore. .,Singapore Centre on Environmental Life Sciences Engineering (SCELSE), Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, 637551, Singapore.
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Hashimoto H, Mizushima T, Chijiwa T, Nakamura M, Suemizu H. Efficient production of recombinant adeno-associated viral vector, serotype DJ/8, carrying the GFP gene. Virus Res 2017; 238:63-68. [DOI: 10.1016/j.virusres.2017.05.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2017] [Revised: 05/17/2017] [Accepted: 05/17/2017] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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Affiliation(s)
- David Devos
- Department of Medical Pharmacology, Lille University de Lille, CHU of Lille, INSERM UMRS-1171, Faculty of Medecine of Lille, Lille, France
| | - Jean-Christophe Devedjian
- Department of Medical Pharmacology, Lille University de Lille, CHU of Lille, INSERM UMRS-1171, Faculty of Medecine of Lille, Lille, France
| | - Caroline Moreau
- Department of Medical Pharmacology, Lille University de Lille, CHU of Lille, INSERM UMRS-1171, Faculty of Medecine of Lille, Lille, France
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Laloux C, Gouel F, Lachaud C, Timmerman K, Do Van B, Jonneaux A, Petrault M, Garcon G, Rouaix N, Moreau C, Bordet R, Duce JA, Devedjian JC, Devos D. Continuous cerebroventricular administration of dopamine: A new treatment for severe dyskinesia in Parkinson's disease? Neurobiol Dis 2017; 103:24-31. [PMID: 28363801 DOI: 10.1016/j.nbd.2017.03.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2017] [Revised: 03/21/2017] [Accepted: 03/26/2017] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
In Parkinson's disease (PD) depletion of dopamine in the nigro-striatal pathway is a main pathological hallmark that requires continuous and focal restoration. Current predominant treatment with intermittent oral administration of its precursor, Levodopa (l-dopa), remains the gold standard but pharmacological drawbacks trigger motor fluctuations and dyskinesia. Continuous intracerebroventricular (i.c.v.) administration of dopamine previously failed as a therapy because of an inability to resolve the accelerated dopamine oxidation and tachyphylaxia. We aim to overcome prior challenges by demonstrating treatment feasibility and efficacy of continuous i.c.v. of dopamine close to the striatum. Dopamine prepared either anaerobically (A-dopamine) or aerobically (O-dopamine) in the presence or absence of a conservator (sodium metabisulfite, SMBS) was assessed upon acute MPTP and chronic 6-OHDA lesioning and compared to peripheral l-dopa treatment. A-dopamine restored motor function and induced a dose dependent increase of nigro-striatal tyrosine hydroxylase positive neurons in mice after 7days of MPTP insult that was not evident with either O-dopamine or l-dopa. In the 6-OHDA rat model, continuous circadian i.c.v. injection of A-dopamine over 30days also improved motor activity without occurrence of tachyphylaxia. This safety profile was highly favorable as A-dopamine did not induce dyskinesia or behavioral sensitization as observed with peripheral l-dopa treatment. Indicative of a new therapeutic strategy for patients suffering from l-dopa related complications with dyskinesia, continuous i.c.v. of A-dopamine has greater efficacy in mediating motor impairment over a large therapeutic index without inducing dyskinesia and tachyphylaxia.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Laloux
- Département de Pharmacologie médicale, INSERM UMRS-1171, Université Lille Nord de France, CHRU de Lille, Faculté de médecine, Pôle Recherche, 1 place de Verdun, 59045 Lille cedex, France
| | - F Gouel
- Département de Pharmacologie médicale, INSERM UMRS-1171, Université Lille Nord de France, CHRU de Lille, Faculté de médecine, Pôle Recherche, 1 place de Verdun, 59045 Lille cedex, France
| | - C Lachaud
- Département de Pharmacologie médicale, INSERM UMRS-1171, Université Lille Nord de France, CHRU de Lille, Faculté de médecine, Pôle Recherche, 1 place de Verdun, 59045 Lille cedex, France
| | - K Timmerman
- Département de Pharmacologie médicale, INSERM UMRS-1171, Université Lille Nord de France, CHRU de Lille, Faculté de médecine, Pôle Recherche, 1 place de Verdun, 59045 Lille cedex, France
| | - B Do Van
- Département de Pharmacologie médicale, INSERM UMRS-1171, Université Lille Nord de France, CHRU de Lille, Faculté de médecine, Pôle Recherche, 1 place de Verdun, 59045 Lille cedex, France
| | - A Jonneaux
- Département de Pharmacologie médicale, INSERM UMRS-1171, Université Lille Nord de France, CHRU de Lille, Faculté de médecine, Pôle Recherche, 1 place de Verdun, 59045 Lille cedex, France
| | - M Petrault
- Département de Pharmacologie médicale, INSERM UMRS-1171, Université Lille Nord de France, CHRU de Lille, Faculté de médecine, Pôle Recherche, 1 place de Verdun, 59045 Lille cedex, France
| | - G Garcon
- Institut Pasteur de Lille, EA4483-IMPECS, Université Lille Nord de France, CHRU de Lille, Faculté de médecine, Pôle Recherche, Lille, France
| | - N Rouaix
- Service de biochimie, dosage des catécholamines, et biologie moléculaire, CHRU de Lille, France
| | - C Moreau
- Département de Pharmacologie médicale, INSERM UMRS-1171, Université Lille Nord de France, CHRU de Lille, Faculté de médecine, Pôle Recherche, 1 place de Verdun, 59045 Lille cedex, France; Université de Lille, CHU de Lille, INSERM UMRS_1171, Service de Neurologie NS-Park/FCRIN Network LICEND COEN Center Lille, France
| | - R Bordet
- Département de Pharmacologie médicale, INSERM UMRS-1171, Université Lille Nord de France, CHRU de Lille, Faculté de médecine, Pôle Recherche, 1 place de Verdun, 59045 Lille cedex, France
| | - J A Duce
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Biological Sciences, University of Leeds, Leeds, West Yorkshire, UK; Oxidation Biology Unit, The Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - J C Devedjian
- Département de Pharmacologie médicale, INSERM UMRS-1171, Université Lille Nord de France, CHRU de Lille, Faculté de médecine, Pôle Recherche, 1 place de Verdun, 59045 Lille cedex, France
| | - D Devos
- Département de Pharmacologie médicale, INSERM UMRS-1171, Université Lille Nord de France, CHRU de Lille, Faculté de médecine, Pôle Recherche, 1 place de Verdun, 59045 Lille cedex, France; Université de Lille, CHU de Lille, INSERM UMRS_1171, Service de Pharmacologie Clinique et service de Neurologie LICEND COEN Center Lille, France.
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Ciesielska A, Samaranch L, San Sebastian W, Dickson DW, Goldman S, Forsayeth J, Bankiewicz KS. Depletion of AADC activity in caudate nucleus and putamen of Parkinson's disease patients; implications for ongoing AAV2-AADC gene therapy trial. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0169965. [PMID: 28166239 PMCID: PMC5293261 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0169965] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2016] [Accepted: 12/27/2016] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
In Parkinson’s disease (PD), aromatic L-amino acid decarboxylase (AADC) is the rate-limiting enzyme in the conversion of L-DOPA (Sinemet) to dopamine (DA). Previous studies in PD animal models demonstrated that lesion of dopaminergic neurons is associated with profound loss of AADC activity in the striatum, blocking efficient conversion of L-DOPA to DA. Relatively few studies have directly analyzed AADC in PD brains. Thus, the aim of this study was to gain a better understanding of regional changes in AADC activity, DA, serotonin and their monoamine metabolites in the striatum of PD patients and experimentally lesioned animals (rat and MPTP-treated nonhuman primate, NHP). Striatal AADC activity was determined post mortem in neuropathologically confirmed PD subjects, animal models and controls. A regional analysis was performed for striatal AADC activity and monoamine levels in NHP tissue. Interestingly, analysis of putaminal AADC activity revealed that control human striatum contained much less AADC activity than rat and NHP striata. Moreover, a dramatic loss of AADC activity in PD striatum compared to controls was detected. In MPTP-treated NHP, caudate nucleus was almost as greatly affected as putamen, although mean DA turnover was higher in caudate nucleus. Similarly, DA and DA metabolites were dramatically reduced in different regions of PD brains, including caudate nucleus, whereas serotonin was relatively spared. After L-DOPA administration in MPTP-treated NHP, very poor conversion to DA was detected, suggesting that AADC in NHP nigrostriatal fibers is mainly responsible for L-DOPA to DA conversion. These data support further the rationale behind viral gene therapy with AAV2-hAADC to restore AADC levels in putamen and suggest further the advisability of expanding vector delivery to include coverage of anterior putamen and the caudate nucleus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Agnieszka Ciesielska
- Department of Neurological Surgery, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, United States of America
| | - Lluis Samaranch
- Department of Neurological Surgery, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, United States of America
| | - Waldy San Sebastian
- Department of Neurological Surgery, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, United States of America
| | | | - Samuel Goldman
- Department of Neurology, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, United States of America
| | - John Forsayeth
- Department of Neurological Surgery, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, United States of America
| | - Krystof S. Bankiewicz
- Department of Neurological Surgery, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, United States of America
- * E-mail:
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13
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Baek JS, Choo CC, Qian C, Tan NS, Shen Z, Loo SCJ. Multi-Drug-Loaded Microcapsules with Controlled Release for Management of Parkinson's Disease. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2016; 12:3712-3722. [PMID: 27253884 DOI: 10.1002/smll.201600067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2016] [Revised: 04/05/2016] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Parkinson's disease (PD) is a progressive disease of the nervous system, and is currently managed through commercial tablets that do not sufficiently enable controlled, sustained release capabilities. It is hypothesized that a drug delivery system that provides controlled and sustained release of PD drugs would afford better management of PD. Hollow microcapsules composed of poly-l-lactide (PLLA) and poly (caprolactone) (PCL) are prepared through a modified double-emulsion technique. They are loaded with three PD drugs, i.e., levodopa (LD), carbidopa (CD), and entacapone (ENT), at a ratio of 4:1:8, similar to commercial PD tablets. LD and CD are localized in both the hollow cavity and PLLA/PCL shell, while ENT is localized in the PLLA/PCL shell. Release kinetics of hydrophobic ENT is observed to be relatively slow as compared to the other hydrophilic drugs. It is further hypothesized that encapsulating ENT into PCL as a surface coating onto these microcapsules can aid in accelerating its release. Now, these spray-coated hollow microcapsules exhibit similar release kinetics, according to Higuchi's rate, for all three drugs. The results suggest that multiple drug encapsulation of LD, CD, and ENT in gastric floating microcapsules could be further developed for in vivo evaluation for the management of PD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jong-Suep Baek
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 50 Nanyang Avenue, Singapore, 639798
| | - Chee Chong Choo
- School of Biological Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, 60 Nanyang Drive, Singapore, 637551
| | - Cheng Qian
- School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, 21 Nanyang Link, Singapore, 637371
| | - Nguan Soon Tan
- School of Biological Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, 60 Nanyang Drive, Singapore, 637551
| | - Zexiang Shen
- School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, 21 Nanyang Link, Singapore, 637371
| | - Say Chye Joachim Loo
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 50 Nanyang Avenue, Singapore, 639798
- Singapore Centre on Environmental Life Sciences Engineering (SCELSE), Nanyang Technological University, 60 Nanyang Drive, Singapore, 637551
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