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Zhang XM, Li WL, Xue W, Adomako MO, Tang M, He LX, Yu FH. Effects of soil microplastic heterogeneity on plant growth vary with species and microplastic types. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 952:175940. [PMID: 39218083 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.175940] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2024] [Revised: 08/17/2024] [Accepted: 08/29/2024] [Indexed: 09/04/2024]
Abstract
Microplastics are heterogeneously distributed in soils. However, it is unknown whether soil microplastic heterogeneity affects plant growth and root foraging responses and whether such effects vary with plant species and microplastic types. We grew each of seven herbaceous species (Platycodon grandiflorus, Trifolium repens, Portulaca oleracea, Medicago sativa, Taraxacum mongolicum, Perilla frutescenst, and Paspalum notatum) in heterogeneous soil (patches without microplastics and patches with 0.2 % microplastics) and homogeneous soil (patches with 0.1 % microplastics). Three microplastic types were tested: polypropylene (PP), polyacrylonitrile (PAN), and polyester (PET). P. frutescens showed no response to soil microplastic heterogeneity. For P. grandiflora, microplastic heterogeneity tended to decrease its biomass (total, shoot and root) when the microplastic was PAN and also shoot biomass when it was PET, but had no effect when it was PP. For T. repens, microplastic heterogeneity promoted biomass when PAN was used, decreased total and root biomass when PET was used, but showed no effect when PP was used. Microplastic heterogeneity increased biomass of P. oleracea and decreased that of M. sativa when PET was used, but had no effect when PP or PAN was used. For T. mongolicum, microplastic heterogeneity reduced biomass when the microplastic was PAN, tended to increase total and root biomass when it was PP, but showed no effect when it was PET. For P. notatum, microplastic heterogeneity increased biomass when the microplastic was PP, decreased it when PET was used, but had no effect when PAN was used. However, biomass of none of the seven species showed root foraging responses at the patch level. Therefore, soil microplastic heterogeneity can influence plant growth, but such effects depend on species and microplastic types and are not associated with root foraging. Our findings highlight the roles of soil microplastic heterogeneity, which may influence species interactions and community structure and productivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Mei Zhang
- Institute of Wetland Ecology & Clone Ecology/Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Evolutionary Ecology and Conservation, Taizhou University, Taizhou 318000, Zhejiang, China
| | - Wei-Long Li
- Institute of Wetland Ecology & Clone Ecology/Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Evolutionary Ecology and Conservation, Taizhou University, Taizhou 318000, Zhejiang, China; College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, Jiangsu, China
| | - Wei Xue
- Institute of Wetland Ecology & Clone Ecology/Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Evolutionary Ecology and Conservation, Taizhou University, Taizhou 318000, Zhejiang, China
| | - Michael Opoku Adomako
- Institute of Wetland Ecology & Clone Ecology/Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Evolutionary Ecology and Conservation, Taizhou University, Taizhou 318000, Zhejiang, China
| | - Min Tang
- Institute of Wetland Ecology & Clone Ecology/Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Evolutionary Ecology and Conservation, Taizhou University, Taizhou 318000, Zhejiang, China
| | - Lin-Xuan He
- Institute of Wetland Ecology & Clone Ecology/Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Evolutionary Ecology and Conservation, Taizhou University, Taizhou 318000, Zhejiang, China
| | - Fei-Hai Yu
- Institute of Wetland Ecology & Clone Ecology/Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Evolutionary Ecology and Conservation, Taizhou University, Taizhou 318000, Zhejiang, China.
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Goossens EP, Minden V, Van Poucke F, Olde Venterink H. Negative plant-soil feedbacks disproportionally affect dominant plants, facilitating coexistence in plant communities. NPJ BIODIVERSITY 2023; 2:27. [PMID: 39242901 DOI: 10.1038/s44185-023-00032-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2023] [Accepted: 11/21/2023] [Indexed: 09/09/2024]
Abstract
Plant-soil feedbacks (PSFs) are suggested to be major drivers of plant species coexistence and exotic invasions in natural plant communities, where species with more positive PSFs are thought to be more abundant in communities. Most evidence for this comes from mesocosm experiments with single species, but whether the results are transposable to diverse plant communities is mostly not verified and remains debated. We performed a combined monoculture and community experiment to test whether PSFs in monocultures predict PSFs in communities, and to infer the role of PSFs in invasive plant success. We found that (1) PSFs from monocultures were poor predictors for PSFs in plant communities, (2) competitive strength of invasive species did not consistently depend on PSF, and (3) dominant species experienced a significantly stronger negative PSFs than non-dominant species when grown in community. Hence, PSFs of plant species in monocultures seem less predictive for their abundance in plant communities or for invasibility than previously assumed. Nevertheless, PSF-and particularly negative PSF-seems indeed a major driver of plant species coexistence, with a strong species-specific pathogenic effect on dominant plants facilitating the persistence of rare species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elias P Goossens
- Department of Biology, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Pleinlaan 2, 1050, Brussels, Belgium.
| | - Vanessa Minden
- Department of Biology, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Pleinlaan 2, 1050, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Flor Van Poucke
- Department of Biology, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Pleinlaan 2, 1050, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Harry Olde Venterink
- Department of Biology, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Pleinlaan 2, 1050, Brussels, Belgium
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3
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Du E, Chen Y, Li Y, Li Y, Sun Z, Hao R, Gui F. Effects of Septoglomus constrictum and Bacillus cereus on the competitive growth of Ageratina adenophora. Front Microbiol 2023; 14:1131797. [PMID: 37333653 PMCID: PMC10272390 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2023.1131797] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2022] [Accepted: 05/15/2023] [Indexed: 06/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Beneficial microorganisms play a pivotal role in the invasion process of exotic plants, including arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) and Bacillus. However, limited research exists on the synergistic influence of AMF and Bacillus on the competition between both invasive and native plants. In this study, pot cultures of Ageratina adenophora monoculture, Rabdosia amethystoides monoculture, and A. adenophora and R. amethystoides mixture were used to investigate the effects of dominant AMF (Septoglomus constrictum, SC) and Bacillus cereus (BC), and the co-inoculation of BC and SC on the competitive growth of A. adenophora. The results showed that inoculation with BC, SC, and BC + SC significantly increased the biomass of A. adenophora by 14.77, 112.07, and 197.74%, respectively, in the competitive growth between A. adenophora and R. amethystoides. Additionally, inoculation with BC increased the biomass of R. amethystoides by 185.07%, while inoculation with SC or BC + SC decreased R. amethystoides biomass by 37.31 and 59.70% compared to the uninoculated treatment. Inoculation with BC significantly increased the nutrient contents in the rhizosphere soil of both plants and promoted their growth. Inoculation with SC or SC + BC notably increased the nitrogen and phosphorus contents of A. adenophora, therefore enhancing its competitiveness. Compared with single inoculation, dual inoculation with SC and BC increased AMF colonization rate and Bacillus density, indicating that SC and BC can form a synergistic effect to further enhance the growth and competitiveness of A. adenophora. This study reveals the distinct role of S. constrictum and B. cereus during the invasion of A. adenophora, and provide new clues to the underlying mechanisms of interaction between invasive plant, AMF and Bacillus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ewei Du
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Bioresources in Yunnan, College of Plant Protection, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, China
| | - Yaping Chen
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Bioresources in Yunnan, College of Plant Protection, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, China
| | - Yang Li
- Graduate School, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, China
| | - Yahong Li
- Yunnan Plant Protection and Quarantine Station, Kunming, China
| | - Zhongxiang Sun
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Bioresources in Yunnan, College of Plant Protection, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, China
| | - Ruoshi Hao
- Yunnan Plateau Characteristic Agriculture Industry Research Institute, Kunming, China
| | - Furong Gui
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Bioresources in Yunnan, College of Plant Protection, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, China
- Graduate School, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, China
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From the ground up: Building predictions for how climate change will affect belowground mutualisms, floral traits, and bee behavior. CLIMATE CHANGE ECOLOGY 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ecochg.2021.100013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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Carey CJ, Glassman SI, Bruns TD, Aronson EL, Hart SC. Soil microbial communities associated with giant sequoia: How does the world's largest tree affect some of the world's smallest organisms? Ecol Evol 2020; 10:6593-6609. [PMID: 32724535 PMCID: PMC7381575 DOI: 10.1002/ece3.6392] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2020] [Revised: 03/29/2020] [Accepted: 04/22/2020] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Giant sequoia (Sequoiadendron giganteum) is an iconic conifer that lives in relict populations on the western slopes of the California Sierra Nevada. In these settings, it is unusual among the dominant trees in that it associates with arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi rather than ectomycorrhizal fungi. However, it is unclear whether differences in microbial associations extend more broadly to nonmycorrhizal components of the soil microbial community. To address this question, we used next-generation amplicon sequencing to characterize bacterial/archaeal and fungal microbiomes in bulk soil (0-5 cm) beneath giant sequoia and co-occurring sugar pine (Pinus lambertiana) individuals. We did this across two groves with distinct parent material in Yosemite National Park, USA. We found tree-associated differences were apparent despite a strong grove effect. Bacterial/archaeal richness was greater beneath giant sequoia than sugar pine, with a core community double the size. The tree species also harbored compositionally distinct fungal communities. This pattern depended on grove but was associated with a consistently elevated relative abundance of Hygrocybe species beneath giant sequoia. Compositional differences between host trees correlated with soil pH and soil moisture. We conclude that the effects of giant sequoia extend beyond mycorrhizal mutualists to include the broader community and that some but not all host tree differences are grove-dependent.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Sydney I. Glassman
- Department of Microbiology and Plant PathologyUniversity of CaliforniaRiversideCAUSA
| | - Thomas D. Bruns
- Department of Plant and Microbial BiologyUniversity of CaliforniaBerkeleyCAUSA
| | - Emma L. Aronson
- Department of Microbiology and Plant PathologyUniversity of CaliforniaRiversideCAUSA
| | - Stephen C. Hart
- Department of Life and Environmental Sciences and the Sierra Nevada Research InstituteUniversity of CaliforniaMercedCAUSA
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Duchicela J, Bever JD, Schultz PA. Symbionts as Filters of Plant Colonization of Islands: Tests of Expected Patterns and Environmental Consequences in the Galapagos. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2020; 9:E74. [PMID: 31936005 PMCID: PMC7020428 DOI: 10.3390/plants9010074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2019] [Revised: 12/20/2019] [Accepted: 12/23/2019] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
The establishments of new organisms that arrive naturally or with anthropogenic assistance depend primarily on local conditions, including biotic interactions. We hypothesized that plants that rely on fungal symbionts are less likely to successfully colonize remote environments such as oceanic islands, and this can shape subsequent island ecology. We analyzed the mycorrhizal status of Santa Cruz Island, Galapagos flora compared with the mainland Ecuador flora of origin. We experimentally determined plant responsiveness and plant-soil feedback of the island flora and assessed mycorrhizal density and soil aggregate stability of island sites. We found that a greater proportion of the native island flora species belongs to families that typically do not associate with mycorrhizal fungi than expected based upon the mainland flora of origin and the naturalized flora of the island. Native plants benefited significantly less from soil fungi and had weaker negative soil feedbacks than introduced species. This is consistent with the observation that field sites dominated by native plant species had lower arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) fungal density and lower soil aggregate stability than invaded field sites at the island. We found support for a mycorrhizal filter to the initial colonization of the Galapagos.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jessica Duchicela
- Universidad de las Fuerzas Armadas-ESPE, Departamento de Ciencias de la Vida, Sangolquí 171103, Ecuador
- Indiana University, Biology Department, Bloomington, IN 47405, USA
| | - James D. Bever
- Department of Ecology and Evolution, and Kansas Biological Survey, Kansas University, Lawrence, KS 66047, USA;
| | - Peggy A. Schultz
- Environmental Studies Program, and Kansas Biological Survey, University of Kansas, Lawrence, KS 66047, USA;
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Abbott KC, Ji F, Stieha CR, Moore CM. Fast and slow advances toward a deeper integration of theory and empiricism. THEOR ECOL-NETH 2019. [DOI: 10.1007/s12080-019-00441-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
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Rosatto S, Roccotiello E, Di Piazza S, Cecchi G, Greco G, Zotti M, Vezzulli L, Mariotti M. Rhizosphere response to nickel in a facultative hyperaccumulator. CHEMOSPHERE 2019; 232:243-253. [PMID: 31154185 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2019.05.193] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2018] [Revised: 05/09/2019] [Accepted: 05/22/2019] [Indexed: 05/11/2023]
Abstract
This study faces the characterization of the culturable microbiota of the facultative Ni-hyperaccumulator Alyssoides utriculata to obtain a collection of bacterial and fungal strains for potential applications in Ni phytoextraction. Rhizosphere soil samples and adjacent bare soil associated with A. utriculata from serpentine and non-serpentine sites were collected together with plant roots and shoots. Rhizobacteria and fungi were isolated and characterized genotypically and phenotypically. Plants and soils were analyzed for total element concentration using Inductively Coupled Plasma Mass Spectrometry (ICP-MS). Serpentine and non-serpentine sites differ in terms of elements concentration in soil, plant roots and shoots. Ni and Co are significantly higher on serpentine site, while Ca is more abundant in non-serpentine site. Bacteria and fungi were significantly more abundant in rhizosphere than in bare soil and were dominated by genera Arthrobacter, Bacillus and Streptomyces, Penicillium and Mucor. The genus Pseudomonas was only found in rhizospheric serpentine soils (<2% of total serpentine isolates) and with Streptomyces sp. showed highest Ni-tolerance up to 15 mM. The same occurred for Trichoderma strain, belonging to the harzianum group (<2% of the total microfungal count) and Penicillium ochrochloron (<10% of the total microfungal count, tolerance up to Ni 20 mM). Among serpentine bacterial isolates, 8 strains belonging to 5 genera showed at least one PGPR activity (1-Aminocyclopropane-1-Carboxylic Acid (ACC) deaminase activity, production of indole-3-acetic acid (IAA), siderophores and phosphate solubilizing capacity), especially genera Pantoea, Pseudomonas and Streptomyces. Those microorganisms might thus be promising candidates for employment in bioaugmentation trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefano Rosatto
- Laboratory of Plant Biology, DISTAV-Department of Earth, Environment and Life Sciences, University of Genoa, Corso Europa 26, 16132, Genova, Italy.
| | - Enrica Roccotiello
- Laboratory of Plant Biology, DISTAV-Department of Earth, Environment and Life Sciences, University of Genoa, Corso Europa 26, 16132, Genova, Italy.
| | - Simone Di Piazza
- Laboratory of Mycology, DISTAV-Department of Earth, Environment and Life Sciences, University of Genoa, Corso Europa 26, 16132, Genova, Italy.
| | - Grazia Cecchi
- Laboratory of Mycology, DISTAV-Department of Earth, Environment and Life Sciences, University of Genoa, Corso Europa 26, 16132, Genova, Italy.
| | - Giuseppe Greco
- Laboratory of Mycology, DISTAV-Department of Earth, Environment and Life Sciences, University of Genoa, Corso Europa 26, 16132, Genova, Italy.
| | - Mirca Zotti
- Laboratory of Mycology, DISTAV-Department of Earth, Environment and Life Sciences, University of Genoa, Corso Europa 26, 16132, Genova, Italy.
| | - Luigi Vezzulli
- Laboratory of MicrobiologyDISTAV-Department of Earth, Environment and Life Sciences, University of Genoa, Corso Europa 26, 16132, Genova, Italy.
| | - Mauro Mariotti
- Laboratory of Plant Biology, DISTAV-Department of Earth, Environment and Life Sciences, University of Genoa, Corso Europa 26, 16132, Genova, Italy.
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9
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Delavaux CS, Weigelt P, Dawson W, Duchicela J, Essl F, van Kleunen M, König C, Pergl J, Pyšek P, Stein A, Winter M, Schultz P, Kreft H, Bever JD. Mycorrhizal fungi influence global plant biogeography. Nat Ecol Evol 2019; 3:424-429. [PMID: 30804519 DOI: 10.1038/s41559-019-0823-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2018] [Accepted: 01/23/2019] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
Island biogeography has traditionally focused primarily on abiotic drivers of colonization, extinction and speciation. However, establishment on islands could also be limited by biotic drivers, such as the absence of symbionts. Most plants, for example, form symbioses with mycorrhizal fungi, whose limited dispersal to islands could act as a colonization filter for plants. We tested this hypothesis using global-scale analyses of ~1.4 million plant occurrences, including ~200,000 plant species across ~1,100 regions. We find evidence for a mycorrhizal filter (that is, the filtering out of mycorrhizal plants on islands), with mycorrhizal associations less common among native island plants than native mainland plants. Furthermore, the proportion of native mycorrhizal plants in island floras decreased with isolation, possibly as a consequence of a decline in symbiont establishment. We also show that mycorrhizal plants contribute disproportionately to the classic latitudinal gradient of plant species diversity, with the proportion of mycorrhizal plants being highest near the equator and decreasing towards the poles. Anthropogenic pressure and land use alter these plant biogeographical patterns. Naturalized floras show a greater proportion of mycorrhizal plant species on islands than in mainland regions, as expected from the anthropogenic co-introduction of plants with their symbionts to islands and anthropogenic disturbance of symbionts in mainland regions. We identify the mycorrhizal association as an overlooked driver of global plant biogeographical patterns with implications for contemporary island biogeography and our understanding of plant invasions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Camille S Delavaux
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of Kansas, Lawrence, KS, USA. .,Kansas Biological Survey, University of Kansas, Lawrence, KS, USA.
| | - Patrick Weigelt
- Department of Biodiversity, Macroecology and Biogeography, University of Goettingen, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Wayne Dawson
- Department of Biosciences, University of Durham, Durham, UK
| | - Jessica Duchicela
- Departamento de Ciencias de la Vida, Universidad de las Fuerzas Armadas ESPE, Sangolquí, Ecuador
| | - Franz Essl
- Division of Conservation Biology, Vegetation and Landscape Ecology, University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Mark van Kleunen
- Department of Biology, University of Konstanz, Konstanz, Germany.,Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Evolutionary Ecology and Conservation, Taizhou University, Taizhou, China
| | - Christian König
- Department of Biodiversity, Macroecology and Biogeography, University of Goettingen, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Jan Pergl
- Institute of Botany, Department of Invasion Ecology, Czech Academy of Sciences, Průhonice, Czech Republic
| | - Petr Pyšek
- Institute of Botany, Department of Invasion Ecology, Czech Academy of Sciences, Průhonice, Czech Republic.,Department of Ecology, Faculty of Science, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic.,German Centre for Integrative Biodiversity Research (iDiv) Halle-Jena-Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Anke Stein
- Department of Biology, University of Konstanz, Konstanz, Germany
| | - Marten Winter
- German Centre for Integrative Biodiversity Research (iDiv) Halle-Jena-Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Peggy Schultz
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of Kansas, Lawrence, KS, USA
| | - Holger Kreft
- Department of Biodiversity, Macroecology and Biogeography, University of Goettingen, Göttingen, Germany.,Centre of Biodiversity and Sustainable Land Use, University of Goettingen, Göttingen, Germany
| | - James D Bever
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of Kansas, Lawrence, KS, USA.,Kansas Biological Survey, University of Kansas, Lawrence, KS, USA
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10
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Fitzpatrick CR, Mustafa Z, Viliunas J. Soil microbes alter plant fitness under competition and drought. J Evol Biol 2019; 32:438-450. [PMID: 30739360 DOI: 10.1111/jeb.13426] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2018] [Revised: 02/02/2019] [Accepted: 02/05/2019] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
Plants exist across varying biotic and abiotic environments, including variation in the composition of soil microbial communities. The ecological effects of soil microbes on plant communities are well known, whereas less is known about their importance for plant evolutionary processes. In particular, the net effects of soil microbes on plant fitness may vary across environmental contexts and among plant genotypes, setting the stage for microbially mediated plant evolution. Here, we assess the effects of soil microbes on plant fitness and natural selection on flowering time in different environments. We performed two experiments in which we grew Arabidopsis thaliana genotypes replicated in either live or sterilized soil microbial treatments, and across varying levels of either competition (isolation, intraspecific competition or interspecific competition) or watering (well-watered or drought). We found large effects of competition and watering on plant fitness as well as the expression and natural selection of flowering time. Soil microbes increased average plant fitness under interspecific competition and drought and shaped the response of individual plant genotypes to drought. Finally, plant tolerance to either competition or drought was uncorrelated between soil microbial treatments suggesting that the plant traits favoured under environmental stress may depend on the presence of soil microbes. In summary, our experiments demonstrate that soil microbes can have large effects on plant fitness, which depend on both the environment and individual plant genotype. Future work in natural systems is needed for a complete understanding of the evolutionary importance of interactions between plants and soil microorganisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Connor R Fitzpatrick
- Department of Ecology & Evolutionary Biology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.,Department of Biology, University of Toronto Mississauga, Mississauga, Ontario, Canada
| | - Zainab Mustafa
- Department of Biology, University of Toronto Mississauga, Mississauga, Ontario, Canada
| | - Joani Viliunas
- Department of Biology, University of Toronto Mississauga, Mississauga, Ontario, Canada
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de Souza TAF, de Andrade LA, Freitas H, da Silva Sandim A. Biological Invasion Influences the Outcome of Plant-Soil Feedback in the Invasive Plant Species from the Brazilian Semi-arid. MICROBIAL ECOLOGY 2018; 76:102-112. [PMID: 28560606 DOI: 10.1007/s00248-017-0999-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2015] [Accepted: 05/19/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Plant-soil feedback is recognized as the mutual interaction between plants and soil microorganisms, but its role on the biological invasion of the Brazilian tropical seasonal dry forest by invasive plants still remains unclear. Here, we analyzed and compared the arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) communities and soil characteristics from the root zone of invasive and native plants, and tested how these AMF communities affect the development of four invasive plant species (Cryptostegia madagascariensis, Parkinsonia aculeata, Prosopis juliflora, and Sesbania virgata). Our field sampling revealed that AMF diversity and frequency of the Order Diversisporales were positively correlated with the root zone of the native plants, whereas AMF dominance and frequency of the Order Glomerales were positively correlated with the root zone of invasive plants. We grew the invasive plants in soil inoculated with AMF species from the root zone of invasive (I changed) and native (I unaltered) plant species. We also performed a third treatment with sterilized soil inoculum (control). We examined the effects of these three AMF inoculums on plant dry biomass, root colonization, plant phosphorous concentration, and plant responsiveness to mycorrhizas. We found that I unaltered and I changed promoted the growth of all invasive plants and led to a higher plant dry biomass, mycorrhizal colonization, and P uptake than control, but I changed showed better results on these variables than I unaltered. For plant responsiveness to mycorrhizas and fungal inoculum effect on plant P concentration, we found positive feedback between changed-AMF community (I changed) and three of the studied invasive plants: C. madagascariensis, P. aculeata, and S. virgata.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tancredo Augusto Feitosa de Souza
- Agrarian Science Center, Department of Soils and Rural Engineering, Federal University of Paraíba, Areia, Paraíba, 58397-000, Brazil.
| | - Leonaldo Alves de Andrade
- Agrarian Science Center, Department of Soils and Rural Engineering, Federal University of Paraíba, Areia, Paraíba, 58397-000, Brazil
| | - Helena Freitas
- Centre for Functional Ecology, Department of Life Sciences, University of Coimbra, 3000-456, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Aline da Silva Sandim
- College of Agricultural Sciences, Department of Soil and Environmental Resources, University of São Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil
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12
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Xue W, Berendse F, Bezemer TM. Spatial heterogeneity in plant–soil feedbacks alters competitive interactions between two grassland plant species. Funct Ecol 2018. [DOI: 10.1111/1365-2435.13124] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Wei Xue
- Department of Terrestrial EcologyNetherlands Institute of Ecology (NIOO‐KNAW) Wageningen The Netherlands
| | - Frank Berendse
- Nature Conservation and Plant Ecology GroupWageningen University Wageningen The Netherlands
| | - T. Martijn Bezemer
- Department of Terrestrial EcologyNetherlands Institute of Ecology (NIOO‐KNAW) Wageningen The Netherlands
- Institute of BiologySection Plant Ecology and PhytochemistryLeiden University Leiden The Netherlands
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13
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Knelman JE, Graham EB, Prevéy JS, Robeson MS, Kelly P, Hood E, Schmidt SK. Interspecific Plant Interactions Reflected in Soil Bacterial Community Structure and Nitrogen Cycling in Primary Succession. Front Microbiol 2018; 9:128. [PMID: 29467741 PMCID: PMC5808232 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2018.00128] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2017] [Accepted: 01/18/2018] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Past research demonstrating the importance plant-microbe interactions as drivers of ecosystem succession has focused on how plants condition soil microbial communities, impacting subsequent plant performance and plant community assembly. These studies, however, largely treat microbial communities as a black box. In this study, we sought to examine how emblematic shifts from early successional Alnus viridus ssp. sinuata (Sitka alder) to late successional Picea sitchensis (Sitka spruce) in primary succession may be reflected in specific belowground changes in bacterial community structure and nitrogen cycling related to the interaction of these two plants. We examined early successional alder-conditioned soils in a glacial forefield to delineate how alders alter the soil microbial community with increasing dominance. Further, we assessed the impact of late-successional spruce plants on these early successional alder-conditioned microbiomes and related nitrogen cycling through a leachate addition microcosm experiment. We show how increasingly abundant alder select for particular bacterial taxa. Additionally, we found that spruce leachate significantly alters the composition of these microbial communities in large part by driving declines in taxa that are enriched by alder, including bacterial symbionts. We found these effects to be spruce specific, beyond a general leachate effect. Our work also demonstrates a unique influence of spruce on ammonium availability. Such insights bolster theory relating the importance of plant-microbe interactions with late-successional plants and interspecific plant interactions more generally.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joseph E. Knelman
- Institute of Arctic and Alpine Research, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, CO, United States
| | - Emily B. Graham
- Pacific Northwest National Laboratory (U.S. Department of Energy), Richland, WA, United States
| | - Janet S. Prevéy
- Pacific Northwest Research Station, The United States Forest Service, Olympia, WA, United States
| | - Michael S. Robeson
- Department of Biomedical Informatics, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR, United States
| | - Patrick Kelly
- Institute of Arctic and Alpine Research, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, CO, United States
| | - Eran Hood
- Department of Natural Sciences, University of Alaska Southeast, Juneau, AK, United States
| | - Steve K. Schmidt
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, CO, United States
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14
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Li J, Guo C, Jian S, Deng Q, Yu CL, Dzantor KE, Hui D. Nitrogen Fertilization Elevated Spatial Heterogeneity of Soil Microbial Biomass Carbon and Nitrogen in Switchgrass and Gamagrass Croplands. Sci Rep 2018; 8:1734. [PMID: 29379027 PMCID: PMC5788856 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-18486-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2017] [Accepted: 12/12/2017] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
The effects of intensive nitrogen (N) fertilizations on spatial distributions of soil microbes in bioenergy croplands remain unknown. To quantify N fertilization effect on spatial heterogeneity of soil microbial biomass carbon (MBC) and N (MBN), we sampled top mineral horizon soils (0-15 cm) using a spatially explicit design within two 15-m2 plots under three fertilization treatments in two bioenergy croplands in a three-year long fertilization experiment in Middle Tennessee, USA. The three fertilization treatments were no N input (NN), low N input (LN: 84 kg N ha−1 in urea) and high N input (HN: 168 kg N ha−1 in urea). The two crops were switchgrass (SG: Panicum virgatum L.) and gamagrass (GG: Tripsacum dactyloides L.). Results showed that N fertilizations little altered central tendencies of microbial variables but relative to LN, HN significantly increased MBC and MBC:MBN (GG only). HN possessed the greatest within-plot variances except for MBN (GG only). Spatial patterns were generally evident under HN and LN plots and much less so under NN plots. Substantially contrasting spatial variations were also identified between croplands (GG > SG) and among variables (MBN, MBC:MBN > MBC). This study demonstrated that spatial heterogeneity is elevated in microbial biomass of fertilized soils likely by uneven fertilizer application in bioenergy crops.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianwei Li
- Department of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences, Tennessee State University, Nashville, TN, 37209, United States.
| | - Chunlan Guo
- Department of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences, Tennessee State University, Nashville, TN, 37209, United States.,Jiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory for Bamboo Germplasm Resources and Utilization, Forestry College, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang, 330045, Jiangxi, China
| | - Siyang Jian
- Department of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences, Tennessee State University, Nashville, TN, 37209, United States
| | - Qi Deng
- Department of Biological Sciences, Tennessee State University, Nashville, TN, 37209, United States
| | - Chih-Li Yu
- Department of Biological Sciences, Tennessee State University, Nashville, TN, 37209, United States
| | - Kudjo E Dzantor
- Department of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences, Tennessee State University, Nashville, TN, 37209, United States
| | - Dafeng Hui
- Department of Biological Sciences, Tennessee State University, Nashville, TN, 37209, United States
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15
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Wubs ERJ, Bezemer TM. Plant community evenness responds to spatial plant–soil feedback heterogeneity primarily through the diversity of soil conditioning. Funct Ecol 2017. [DOI: 10.1111/1365-2435.13017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- E. R. Jasper Wubs
- Department of Terrestrial EcologyNetherlands Institute of Ecology (NIOO‐KNAW) Wageningen The Netherlands
- Laboratory of NematologyWageningen University and Research Wageningen The Netherlands
| | - T. Martijn Bezemer
- Department of Terrestrial EcologyNetherlands Institute of Ecology (NIOO‐KNAW) Wageningen The Netherlands
- Section Plant Ecology and PhytochemistryInstitute of BiologyLeiden University RA Leiden The Netherlands
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16
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Affiliation(s)
- E. R. Jasper Wubs
- Dept of Terrestrial Ecology; Netherlands Inst. of Ecology (NIOO-KNAW); PO Box 50 NL-6700 AB Wageningen the Netherlands
- Laboratory of Nematology, Wageningen Univ. and Research Centre; Wageningen the Netherlands
| | - T. Martijn Bezemer
- Dept of Terrestrial Ecology; Netherlands Inst. of Ecology (NIOO-KNAW); PO Box 50 NL-6700 AB Wageningen the Netherlands
- Inst. of Biology, Leiden Univ.; Leiden the Netherlands
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17
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Clark TJ, Friel CA, Grman E, Shachar‐Hill Y, Friesen ML. Modelling nutritional mutualisms: challenges and opportunities for data integration. Ecol Lett 2017; 20:1203-1215. [DOI: 10.1111/ele.12810] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2016] [Revised: 08/23/2016] [Accepted: 06/12/2017] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Teresa J. Clark
- Department of Plant Biology Michigan State University 612 Wilson Rd. East Lansing MI48824 USA
| | - Colleen A. Friel
- Department of Plant Biology Michigan State University 612 Wilson Rd. East Lansing MI48824 USA
| | - Emily Grman
- Biology Department Eastern Michigan University 441 Mark Jefferson Science Complex Ypsilanti MI48197 USA
| | - Yair Shachar‐Hill
- Department of Plant Biology Michigan State University 612 Wilson Rd. East Lansing MI48824 USA
| | - Maren L. Friesen
- Department of Plant Biology Michigan State University 612 Wilson Rd. East Lansing MI48824 USA
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18
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Burns JH, Brandt AJ, Murphy JE, Kaczowka AM, Burke DJ. Spatial heterogeneity of plant–soil feedbacks increases per capita reproductive biomass of species at an establishment disadvantage. Oecologia 2017; 183:1077-1086. [DOI: 10.1007/s00442-017-3828-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2016] [Accepted: 01/20/2017] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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19
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Voyron S, Ercole E, Ghignone S, Perotto S, Girlanda M. Fine-scale spatial distribution of orchid mycorrhizal fungi in the soil of host-rich grasslands. THE NEW PHYTOLOGIST 2017; 213:1428-1439. [PMID: 27861936 DOI: 10.1111/nph.14286] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2016] [Accepted: 09/06/2016] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Mycorrhizal fungi are essential for the survival of orchid seedlings under natural conditions. The distribution of these fungi in soil can constrain the establishment and resulting spatial arrangement of orchids at the local scale, but the actual extent of occurrence and spatial patterns of orchid mycorrhizal (OrM) fungi in soil remain largely unknown. We addressed the fine-scale spatial distribution of OrM fungi in two orchid-rich Mediterranean grasslands by means of high-throughput sequencing of fungal ITS2 amplicons, obtained from soil samples collected either directly beneath or at a distance from adult Anacamptis morio and Ophrys sphegodes plants. Like ectomycorrhizal and arbuscular mycobionts, OrM fungi (tulasnelloid, ceratobasidioid, sebacinoid and pezizoid fungi) exhibited significant horizontal spatial autocorrelation in soil. However, OrM fungal read numbers did not correlate with distance from adult orchid plants, and several of these fungi were extremely sporadic or undetected even in the soil samples containing the orchid roots. Orchid mycorrhizal 'rhizoctonias' are commonly regarded as unspecialized saprotrophs. The sporadic occurrence of mycobionts of grassland orchids in host-rich stands questions the view of these mycorrhizal fungi as capable of sustained growth in soil.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samuele Voyron
- Department of Life Sciences and Systems Biology, University of Torino, Viale Mattioli 25, 10125, Torino, Italy
| | - Enrico Ercole
- Department of Life Sciences and Systems Biology, University of Torino, Viale Mattioli 25, 10125, Torino, Italy
| | - Stefano Ghignone
- CNR-Istituto per la Protezione Sostenibile delle Piante, UOS Turin (CNR-IPSP), Viale Mattioli 25, 10125, Torino, Italy
| | - Silvia Perotto
- Department of Life Sciences and Systems Biology, University of Torino, Viale Mattioli 25, 10125, Torino, Italy
- CNR-Istituto per la Protezione Sostenibile delle Piante, UOS Turin (CNR-IPSP), Viale Mattioli 25, 10125, Torino, Italy
| | - Mariangela Girlanda
- Department of Life Sciences and Systems Biology, University of Torino, Viale Mattioli 25, 10125, Torino, Italy
- CNR-Istituto per la Protezione Sostenibile delle Piante, UOS Turin (CNR-IPSP), Viale Mattioli 25, 10125, Torino, Italy
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20
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Malik Z, Ahmad M, Abassi GH, Dawood M, Hussain A, Jamil M. Agrochemicals and Soil Microbes: Interaction for Soil Health. SOIL BIOLOGY 2017. [DOI: 10.1007/978-3-319-47744-2_11] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
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