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Chang MY, Chan CK, Brune JE, Manicone AM, Bomsztyk K, Frevert CW, Altemeier WA. Regulation of Versican Expression in Macrophages is Mediated by Canonical Type I Interferon Signaling via ISGF3. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2024:2024.03.14.585097. [PMID: 38559011 PMCID: PMC10980001 DOI: 10.1101/2024.03.14.585097] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/04/2024]
Abstract
Growing evidence supports a role for versican as an important component of the inflammatory response, with both pro- and anti-inflammatory roles depending on the specific context of the system or disease under investigation. Our goal is to understand the regulation of macrophage-derived versican and the role it plays in innate immunity. In previous work, we showed that LPS triggers a signaling cascade involving TLR4, the Trif adaptor, type I interferons, and the type I interferon receptor, leading to increased versican expression by macrophages. In the present study, we used a combination of chromatin immunoprecipitation, siRNA, chemical inhibitors, and mouse model approaches to investigate the regulatory events downstream of the type I interferon receptor to better define the mechanism controlling versican expression. Results indicate that transcriptional regulation by canonical type I interferon signaling via the heterotrimeric transcription factor, ISGF3, controls versican expression in macrophages exposed to LPS. This pathway is not dependent on MAPK signaling, which has been shown to regulate versican expression in other cell types. The stability of versican mRNA may also contribute to prolonged versican expression in macrophages. These findings strongly support a role for macrophage-derived versican as a type I interferon-stimulated gene and further our understanding of versican's role in regulating inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mary Y. Chang
- Department of Comparative Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA
- Center for Lung Biology, University of Washington at South Lake Union, Seattle, WA
| | - Christina K. Chan
- Department of Comparative Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA
- Center for Lung Biology, University of Washington at South Lake Union, Seattle, WA
| | - Jourdan E. Brune
- Department of Comparative Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA
- Center for Lung Biology, University of Washington at South Lake Union, Seattle, WA
| | - Anne M. Manicone
- Center for Lung Biology, University of Washington at South Lake Union, Seattle, WA
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA
| | - Karol Bomsztyk
- Division of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA
| | - Charles W. Frevert
- Department of Comparative Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA
- Center for Lung Biology, University of Washington at South Lake Union, Seattle, WA
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA
| | - William A. Altemeier
- Center for Lung Biology, University of Washington at South Lake Union, Seattle, WA
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA
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Comparison Study on the Effect of Mesenchymal Stem Cells-Conditioned Medium Derived from Adipose and Wharton’s Jelly on Versican Gene Expression in Hypoxia. IRANIAN BIOMEDICAL JOURNAL 2022; 26:202-8. [PMID: 35598150 PMCID: PMC9440690 DOI: 10.52547/ibj.26.3.202] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Background: Mesenchymal stem cells enhance tissue repair through paracrine effects following transplantation. The versican protein is one of the important factors contributing to this repair mechanism. Using MSC conditioned medium for cultivating monocytes may increase versican protein production and could be a good alternative for transplantation of MSCs. This study investigates the effect of culture medium conditioned by human MSCs on the expression of the versican gene in PBMCs under hypoxia-mimetic and normoxic conditions. Methods: The conditioned media used were derived from either adipose tissue or from WJ. Flow cytometry for surface markers (CD105, CD73, and CD90) was used to confirm MSCs. The PBMCs were isolated and cultured with the culture media of the MSC derived from either the adipose tissue or WJ. Desferrioxamine and cobalt chloride (200 and 300 µM final concentrations, respectively) were added to monocytes media to induce hypoxia-mimetic conditions. Western blotting was applied to detect HIF-1α protein and confirm hypoxia-mimetic conditions in PBMC. Versican gene expression was assessed in PBMC using RT-PCR. Western blotting showed that the expression of HIF-1α in PBMC increased significantly (p < 0.01). Results: RT-PCR results demonstrated that the expression of the versican and VEGF genes in PBMC increased significantly (p < 0.01) in hypoxia-mimetic conditions as compared to normoxia. Conclusion: Based on the findings in the present study, the secreted factors of MSCs can be replaced by direct use of MSCs to improve damaged tissues.
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Abstract
Aggrecan (Acan) and versican (Vcan) are large chondroitin sulfate proteoglycans of the extracellular matrix. They share the same structural domains at both N and C-termini. The N-terminal G1 domain binds hyaluronan (HA), forms an HA-rich matrix, and regulates HA-mediated signaling. The C-terminal G3 domain binds other extracellular matrix molecules and forms a supramolecular structure that stores TGFb and BMPs and regulates their signaling. EGF-like motifs in the G3 domain may directly act like an EGF ligand. Both Acan and Vcan are present in cartilage, intervertebral disc, brain, heart, and aorta. Their localizations are essentially reciprocal. This review describes their structural domains, expression patterns and functions, and regulation of their expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hideto Watanabe
- Institute for Molecular Science of Medicine, Aichi Medical University, Nagakute, Aichi, Japan
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Suliman S, Mieszkowska A, Folkert J, Rana N, Mohamed-Ahmed S, Fuoco T, Finne-Wistrand A, Dirscherl K, Jørgensen B, Mustafa K, Gurzawska-Comis K. Immune-instructive copolymer scaffolds using plant-derived nanoparticles to promote bone regeneration. Inflamm Regen 2022; 42:12. [PMID: 35366945 PMCID: PMC8977008 DOI: 10.1186/s41232-022-00196-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2021] [Accepted: 02/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Background
Age-driven immune signals cause a state of chronic low-grade inflammation and in consequence affect bone healing and cause challenges for clinicians when repairing critical-sized bone defects in elderly patients.
Methods
Poly(l-lactide-co-ɛ-caprolactone) (PLCA) scaffolds are functionalized with plant-derived nanoparticles from potato, rhamnogalacturonan-I (RG-I), to investigate their ability to modulate inflammation in vitro in neutrophils and macrophages at gene and protein levels. The scaffolds’ early and late host response at gene, protein and histological levels is tested in vivo in a subcutaneous rat model and their potential to promote bone regeneration in an aged rodent was tested in a critical-sized calvaria bone defect. Significant differences were tested using one-way ANOVA, followed by a multiple-comparison Tukey’s test with a p value ≤ 0.05 considered significant.
Results
Gene expressions revealed PLCA scaffold functionalized with plant-derived RG-I with a relatively higher amount of galactose than arabinose (potato dearabinated (PA)) to reduce the inflammatory state stimulated by bacterial LPS in neutrophils and macrophages in vitro. LPS-stimulated neutrophils show a significantly decreased intracellular accumulation of galectin-3 in the presence of PA functionalization compared to Control (unmodified PLCA scaffolds). The in vivo gene and protein expressions revealed comparable results to in vitro. The host response is modulated towards anti-inflammatory/ healing at early and late time points at gene and protein levels. A reduced foreign body reaction and fibrous capsule formation is observed when PLCA scaffolds functionalized with PA were implanted in vivo subcutaneously. PLCA scaffolds functionalized with PA modulated the cytokine and chemokine expressions in vivo during early and late inflammatory phases. PLCA scaffolds functionalized with PA implanted in calvaria defects of aged rats downregulating pro-inflammatory gene markers while promoting osteogenic markers after 2 weeks in vivo.
Conclusion
We have shown that PLCA scaffolds functionalized with plant-derived RG-I with a relatively higher amount of galactose play a role in the modulation of inflammatory responses both in vitro and in vivo subcutaneously and promote the initiation of bone formation in a critical-sized bone defect of an aged rodent. Our study addresses the increasing demand in bone tissue engineering for immunomodulatory 3D scaffolds that promote osteogenesis and modulate immune responses.
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Taylor SA, Chen SY, Gadhvi G, Feng L, Gromer KD, Abdala-Valencia H, Nam K, Dominguez ST, Montgomery AB, Reyfman PA, Ostilla L, Wechsler JB, Cuda CM, Green RM, Perlman H, Winter DR. Transcriptional profiling of pediatric cholestatic livers identifies three distinct macrophage populations. PLoS One 2021; 16:e0244743. [PMID: 33411796 PMCID: PMC7790256 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0244743] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2020] [Accepted: 12/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Background & aims Limited understanding of the role for specific macrophage subsets in the pathogenesis of cholestatic liver injury is a barrier to advancing medical therapy. Macrophages have previously been implicated in both the mal-adaptive and protective responses in obstructive cholestasis. Recently two macrophage subsets were identified in non-diseased human liver; however, no studies to date fully define the heterogeneous macrophage subsets during the pathogenesis of cholestasis. Here, we aim to further characterize the transcriptional profile of macrophages in pediatric cholestatic liver disease. Methods We isolated live hepatic immune cells from patients with biliary atresia (BA), Alagille syndrome (ALGS), and non-cholestatic pediatric liver by fluorescence activated cell sorting. Through single-cell RNA sequencing analysis and immunofluorescence, we characterized cholestatic macrophages. We next compared the transcriptional profile of pediatric cholestatic and non-cholestatic macrophage populations to previously published data on normal adult hepatic macrophages. Results We identified 3 distinct macrophage populations across cholestatic liver samples and annotated them as lipid-associated macrophages, monocyte-like macrophages, and adaptive macrophages based on their transcriptional profile. Immunofluorescence of liver tissue using markers for each subset confirmed their presence across BA (n = 6) and ALGS (n = 6) patients. Cholestatic macrophages demonstrated reduced expression of immune regulatory genes as compared to normal hepatic macrophages and were distinct from macrophage populations defined in either healthy adult or pediatric non-cholestatic liver. Conclusions We are the first to perform single-cell RNA sequencing on human pediatric cholestatic liver and identified three macrophage subsets with distinct transcriptional signatures from healthy liver macrophages. Further analyses will identify similarities and differences in these macrophage sub-populations across etiologies of cholestatic liver disease. Taken together, these findings may allow for future development of targeted therapeutic strategies to reprogram macrophages to an immune regulatory phenotype and reduce cholestatic liver injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah A. Taylor
- Division of Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Nutrition, Department of Pediatrics, Ann and Robert H Lurie Children’s Hospital of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, United States of America
- * E-mail:
| | - Shang-Yang Chen
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois, United States of America
| | - Gaurav Gadhvi
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois, United States of America
| | - Liang Feng
- Division of Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Nutrition, Department of Pediatrics, Ann and Robert H Lurie Children’s Hospital of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, United States of America
| | - Kyle D. Gromer
- Division of Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Nutrition, Department of Pediatrics, Ann and Robert H Lurie Children’s Hospital of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, United States of America
| | - Hiam Abdala-Valencia
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois, United States of America
| | - Kiwon Nam
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois, United States of America
| | - Salina T. Dominguez
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois, United States of America
| | - Anna B. Montgomery
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois, United States of America
| | - Paul A. Reyfman
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois, United States of America
| | - Lorena Ostilla
- Division of Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Nutrition, Department of Pediatrics, Ann and Robert H Lurie Children’s Hospital of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, United States of America
| | - Joshua B. Wechsler
- Division of Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Nutrition, Department of Pediatrics, Ann and Robert H Lurie Children’s Hospital of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, United States of America
| | - Carla M. Cuda
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois, United States of America
| | - Richard M. Green
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois, United States of America
| | - Harris Perlman
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois, United States of America
| | - Deborah R. Winter
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois, United States of America
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Wight TN. A role for proteoglycans in vascular disease. Matrix Biol 2018; 71-72:396-420. [PMID: 29499356 PMCID: PMC6110991 DOI: 10.1016/j.matbio.2018.02.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 100] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2018] [Revised: 02/22/2018] [Accepted: 02/23/2018] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
The content of proteoglycans (PGs) is low in the extracellular matrix (ECM) of vascular tissue, but increases dramatically in all phases of vascular disease. Early studies demonstrated that glycosaminoglycans (GAGs) including chondroitin sulfate (CS), dermatan sulfate (DS), keratan sulfate (KS) and heparan sulfate (HS) accumulate in vascular lesions in both humans and in animal models in areas of the vasculature that are susceptible to disease initiation (such as at branch points) and are frequently coincident with lipid deposits. Later studies showed the GAGs were covalently attached to specific types of core proteins that accumulate in vascular lesions. These molecules include versican (CSPG), biglycan and decorin (DS/CSPGs), lumican and fibromodulin (KSPGs) and perlecan (HSPG), although other types of PGs are present, but in lesser quantities. While the overall molecular design of these macromolecules is similar, there is tremendous structural diversity among the different PG families creating multiple forms that have selective roles in critical events that form the basis of vascular disease. PGs interact with a variety of different molecules involved in disease pathogenesis. For example, PGs bind and trap serum components that accumulate in vascular lesions such as lipoproteins, amyloid, calcium, and clotting factors. PGs interact with other ECM components and regulate, in part, ECM assembly and turnover. PGs interact with cells within the lesion and alter the phenotypes of both resident cells and cells that invade the lesion from the circulation. A number of therapeutic strategies have been developed to target specific PGs involved in key pathways that promote vascular disease. This review will provide a historical perspective of this field of research and then highlight some of the evidence that defines the involvement of PGs and their roles in the pathogenesis of vascular disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas N Wight
- Matrix Biology Program, Benaroya Research Institute at Virginia Mason, Seattle, WA 98101, United States.
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Wight TN. Provisional matrix: A role for versican and hyaluronan. Matrix Biol 2016; 60-61:38-56. [PMID: 27932299 DOI: 10.1016/j.matbio.2016.12.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 149] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2016] [Revised: 11/22/2016] [Accepted: 12/01/2016] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Hyaluronan and versican are extracellular matrix (ECM) components that are enriched in the provisional matrices that form during the early stages of development and disease. These two molecules interact to create pericellular "coats" and "open space" that facilitate cell sorting, proliferation, migration, and survival. Such complexes also impact the recruitment of leukocytes during development and in the early stages of disease. Once thought to be inert components of the ECM that help hold cells together, it is now quite clear that they play important roles in controlling cell phenotype, shaping tissue response to injury and maintaining tissue homeostasis. Conversion of hyaluronan-/versican-enriched provisional matrix to collagen-rich matrix is a "hallmark" of tissue fibrosis. Targeting the hyaluronan and versican content of provisional matrices in a variety of diseases including, cardiovascular disease and cancer, is becoming an attractive strategy for intervention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas N Wight
- Matrix Biology Program, Benaroya Research Institute, 1201 9th Avenue, Seattle, WA 98101, United States.
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Senda M, Fukuyama R, Nagasaka T. Kinetics of versican-expressing macrophages in bone marrow after cord blood stem cell transplantation for treatment of acute myelogenous leukaemia. J Clin Pathol 2016; 69:906-11. [PMID: 26951084 PMCID: PMC5050288 DOI: 10.1136/jclinpath-2015-203496] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2015] [Accepted: 02/09/2016] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Aims To determine versican-producing cells in normocellular bone marrow and to evaluate chronological alteration in the number of versican-producing macrophages in bone marrow of patients with acute myelogenous leukaemia (AML) after cord blood stem cell transplantation (CBSCT) to gain insight in the significance of versican in recovery of haematopoiesis. Methods We enrolled seven age-matched unrelated patients with normocellular bone marrow for determining versican-producing cells in bone marrow, CBSCT-treated patients with AML, 18 with fine and other four with poor engraftment, for determining chronological alteration of versican-expressing and CD68-expressing cells in transplanted bone marrow in reference to the total cells. Clot samples of patients with AML were collected from the +16 to +55 day after transplantation and separated into four groups. We included an AML case whose specimen was obtained on the +9 day. Cells positive in immunohistochemistry using antibodies to versican and CD68 were counted to obtain the mean±SD in a unit area of the bone marrow, plotted chronologically and compared with the numbers from the age-matched normocellular group. Results We determined by a double immunohistochemistry that the versican-expressing cells in bone marrow are macrophages. The time-course curve demonstrated an inverse relationship between the versican-positive macrophages and the total cells in the transplanted bone marrow for over 55 days. In bone marrow of poor engraftment cases, versican-positive macrophages appeared to be decreased in comparison with age-matched and sampling day-matched patients. Conclusions These results suggest that versican and/or versican-expressing macrophages positively contribute to bone marrow regeneration of patients with AML after CBSCT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miho Senda
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Konan Kosei Hospital, Aichi, Japan Department of Medical Technology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Aichi, Japan
| | - Ryuichi Fukuyama
- Department of Diagnostic Pathology, Konan Kosei Hospital, Aichi, Japan
| | - Tetsuro Nagasaka
- Department of Medical Technology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Aichi, Japan
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