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Wang L, Hong X, Du H. Association Between Serum Chemokine Ligand 20 Levels and Disease Activity and Th1/Th2/Th17-Related Cytokine Levels in Rheumatoid Arthritis. J Interferon Cytokine Res 2023; 43:512-517. [PMID: 37815793 DOI: 10.1089/jir.2023.0057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a type of arthritis autoimmune disease characterized by systemic chronic inflammation. C-C Chemokine ligand 20 (CCL20) is the same as most chemokines with immunomodulatory and inflammatory processes. The correlation of CCL20 in RA remains unclear. This study aimed to explore the association among levels of CCL20, T helper cell (TH) subset (Th1/Th2/Th17)-related cytokine levels, and clinical indices of RA disease activity. Serum CCL20 levels were quantified by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, and a flow-fluorescence technique was used to assess Th1/Th2/Th17-related cytokine levels. The serum CCL20 levels in patients were significantly higher than those in healthy controls and positively associated with C-reactive protein levels, erythrocyte sedimentation rate, and disease activity score-28 (DAS28). Patients with RA were categorized into 4 major groups, including remission, low, moderate, and high disease activity, with related DAS28 scores for each group. CCL20 levels of the disease moderate/high activity group were moderately positively correlated with IL-6 levels, but not with the other Th1/Th2/Th17-related cytokines. Serum CCL20 levels correlate strongly with RA disease activity and clinical inflammation and were significantly elevated in patients compared to healthy individuals. CCL20 plays a key role in the immune response of patients with RA and is, therefore, a potential biomarker of disease activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liuqing Wang
- Department of Rheumatology, Affiliated Jinhua Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Jin Hua, China
| | - Xuelian Hong
- Department of Rheumatology, Affiliated Jinhua Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Jin Hua, China
| | - Hongwei Du
- Department of Rheumatology, Affiliated Jinhua Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Jin Hua, China
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2
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Zhou Z, Huang Z, Khan HM, Liu Y, Zhao Z, Kong Q. Identification of 12 hub genes associated to the pathogenesis of osteoporosis based on microarray and single-cell RNA sequencing data. Funct Integr Genomics 2023; 23:186. [PMID: 37243790 DOI: 10.1007/s10142-023-01116-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2023] [Revised: 05/12/2023] [Accepted: 05/18/2023] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
Osteoporosis is a common disease, especially among the elderly. This study aimed to comprehensively examine the roles of immune microenvironment in osteoporosis pathogenesis. Expression profiles of GSE35959, GSE7158, and GSE13850 datasets were used to analyze differential expression and identify hub genes related to immune features. Based on the single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) data of an osteoporosis patient, different cell types were classified and the relation between immune environment and osteoporosis was explored. Twelve hub genes significantly associated with immune features were selected and 11 subgroups were defined using scRNA-seq data. The expression of two hub genes (CDKN1A and TEFM) was greatly altered during the transformation from mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) to osteoblasts. Chemokines and chemokine receptors were differentially enriched in different cell types. CXCL12 was high-expressed in MSCs. This study emphasized that immune microenvironment played a critical role in the pathogenesis of osteoporosis. Chemokines and chemokine receptors can modify cell development and affect the interactions among different cell types, leading to unbalanced bone remodeling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhigang Zhou
- Department of Orthopedics Surgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Orthopedic Research Institute, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, No. 37 Guo Xue Lane, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, China
- Department of Spine Surgery, Jiujiang No. 1 People's Hospital, Jiujiang, China
| | - Zhangheng Huang
- Department of Orthopedics Surgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Orthopedic Research Institute, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, No. 37 Guo Xue Lane, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, China
| | - Haider Mohammed Khan
- Department of Orthopedics Surgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Orthopedic Research Institute, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, No. 37 Guo Xue Lane, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, China
| | - Yuheng Liu
- Department of Orthopedics Surgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Orthopedic Research Institute, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, No. 37 Guo Xue Lane, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, China
| | - Zhen Zhao
- Department of Orthopedics Surgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Orthopedic Research Institute, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, No. 37 Guo Xue Lane, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, China
| | - Qingquan Kong
- Department of Orthopedics Surgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Orthopedic Research Institute, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, No. 37 Guo Xue Lane, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, China.
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Ghosh M, Rana S. The anaphylatoxin C5a: Structure, function, signaling, physiology, disease, and therapeutics. Int Immunopharmacol 2023; 118:110081. [PMID: 36989901 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2023.110081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2023] [Revised: 03/06/2023] [Accepted: 03/21/2023] [Indexed: 03/30/2023]
Abstract
The complement system is one of the oldest known tightly regulated host defense systems evolved for efficiently functioning cell-based immune systems and antibodies. Essentially, the complement system acts as a pivot between the innate and adaptive arms of the immune system. The complement system collectively represents a cocktail of ∼50 cell-bound/soluble glycoproteins directly involved in controlling infection and inflammation. Activation of the complement cascade generates complement fragments like C3a, C4a, and C5a as anaphylatoxins. C5a is the most potent proinflammatory anaphylatoxin, which is involved in inflammatory signaling in a myriad of tissues. This review provides a comprehensive overview of human C5a in the context of its structure and signaling under several pathophysiological conditions, including the current and future therapeutic applications targeting C5a.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manaswini Ghosh
- Chemical Biology Laboratory, School of Basic Sciences, Indian Institute of Technology Bhubaneswar, Odisha 752050, India
| | - Soumendra Rana
- Chemical Biology Laboratory, School of Basic Sciences, Indian Institute of Technology Bhubaneswar, Odisha 752050, India.
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4
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O'Neil LJ, Oliveira CB, Wang X, Navarrete M, Barrera-Vargas A, Merayo-Chalico J, Aljahdali R, Aguirre-Aguilar E, Carlucci P, Kaplan MJ, Carmona-Rivera C. Neutrophil extracellular trap-associated carbamylation and histones trigger osteoclast formation in rheumatoid arthritis. Ann Rheum Dis 2023; 82:630-638. [PMID: 36737106 PMCID: PMC11302494 DOI: 10.1136/ard-2022-223568] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 31.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2022] [Accepted: 01/23/2023] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Neutrophil infiltration into the synovial joint is a hallmark of rheumatoid arthritis (RA), a disease characterised by progressive bone erosion. However, the mechanisms by which neutrophils participate in bone destruction remain unclear. Carbamylation is a posttranslational modification linked to increased bone erosion in RA and we previously showed that carbamylation is present in RA neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs). However, it remains unclear whether NETs and their carbamylated protein cargo directly promote bone destruction and alter osteoclast biology. METHODS NETs and carbamylated NETs (cNETs) were assessed for their capacity to induce osteoclast formation in CD14+ monocytes. Chemical inhibitors and neutralising antibodies were used to elucidate the pathway by which NETs induce osteoclastogenesis. HLA-DRB1*04:01 mice received intra-articular injection of cNETs for 4 weeks. Joints were isolated and assessed for osteoclast formation. Plasma and synovial fluid samples from patients with RA (n=32) were assessed for the presence of carbamylated histone, and correlations to disease specific outcomes were performed. RESULTS We found that NETs, when cNETs, instruct monocytes to undergo rapid osteoclast formation. NET-mediated osteoclastogenesis appears to depend on Toll-like receptor 4 signalling and NET-associated proteins including histones and neutrophil elastase. In vivo, we identified that the number of osteoclasts increased following immunisation with cNETs in HLA-DRB1*04:01 transgenic mice. Furthermore, carbamylated histones are increased in plasma and synovial fluid from patients with RA and correlate with active bone resorption and inflammatory markers. CONCLUSIONS Our results suggest that NETs have a direct role in RA-associated bone erosion by promoting osteoclast formation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liam J O'Neil
- Systemic Autoimmunity Branch, National Institute of Arthritis and Musculoskeletal and Skin Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
- Manitoba Centre for Proteomics and Systems Biology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada
| | - Christopher B Oliveira
- Systemic Autoimmunity Branch, National Institute of Arthritis and Musculoskeletal and Skin Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Xinghao Wang
- Systemic Autoimmunity Branch, National Institute of Arthritis and Musculoskeletal and Skin Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Mario Navarrete
- Manitoba Centre for Proteomics and Systems Biology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada
| | - Ana Barrera-Vargas
- Department of Immunology and Rheumatology, Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Medicas y de la Nutricion, Salvador Zubiran, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Javier Merayo-Chalico
- Department of Immunology and Rheumatology, Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Medicas y de la Nutricion, Salvador Zubiran, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Rwan Aljahdali
- Systemic Autoimmunity Branch, National Institute of Arthritis and Musculoskeletal and Skin Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Eduardo Aguirre-Aguilar
- Department of Immunology and Rheumatology, Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Medicas y de la Nutricion, Salvador Zubiran, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Philip Carlucci
- Systemic Autoimmunity Branch, National Institute of Arthritis and Musculoskeletal and Skin Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Mariana J Kaplan
- Systemic Autoimmunity Branch, National Institute of Arthritis and Musculoskeletal and Skin Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Carmelo Carmona-Rivera
- Systemic Autoimmunity Branch, National Institute of Arthritis and Musculoskeletal and Skin Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
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5
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Johnson CS, Cook LM. Osteoid cell-derived chemokines drive bone-metastatic prostate cancer. Front Oncol 2023; 13:1100585. [PMID: 37025604 PMCID: PMC10070788 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2023.1100585] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2022] [Accepted: 03/07/2023] [Indexed: 04/08/2023] Open
Abstract
One of the greatest challenges in improving prostate cancer (PCa) survival is in designing new therapies to effectively target bone metastases. PCa regulation of the bone environment has been well characterized; however, bone-targeted therapies have little impact on patient survival, demonstrating a need for understanding the complexities of the tumor-bone environment. Many factors contribute to creating a favorable microenvironment for prostate tumors in bone, including cell signaling proteins produced by osteoid cells. Specifically, there has been extensive evidence from both past and recent studies that emphasize the importance of chemokine signaling in promoting PCa progression in the bone environment. Chemokine-focused strategies present promising therapeutic options for treating bone metastasis. These signaling pathways are complex, with many being produced by (and exerting effects on) a plethora of different cell types, including stromal and tumor cells of the prostate tumor-bone microenvironment. This review highlights an underappreciated molecular family that should be interrogated for treatment of bone metastatic prostate cancer (BM-PCa).
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Affiliation(s)
- Catherine S. Johnson
- Department of Pathology and Microbiology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, United States
- Eppley Institute for Research in Cancer and Allied Diseases, Omaha, NE, United States
| | - Leah M. Cook
- Department of Pathology and Microbiology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, United States
- Fred & Pamela Buffett Cancer Center, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, United States
- *Correspondence: Leah M. Cook,
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Ghosh R, Dey R, Sawoo R, Haque W, Bishayi B. Endogenous neutralization of TGF-β and IL-6 ameliorates septic arthritis by altering RANKL/OPG interaction in lymphocytes. Mol Immunol 2022; 152:183-206. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molimm.2022.10.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2022] [Revised: 10/18/2022] [Accepted: 10/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
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A Review of Signaling Transduction Mechanisms in Osteoclastogenesis Regulation by Autophagy, Inflammation, and Immunity. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23179846. [PMID: 36077242 PMCID: PMC9456406 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23179846] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2022] [Revised: 08/22/2022] [Accepted: 08/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Osteoclastogenesis is an ongoing rigorous course that includes osteoclast precursors fusion and bone resorption executed by degradative enzymes. Osteoclastogenesis is controlled by endogenous signaling and/or regulators or affected by exogenous conditions and can also be controlled both internally and externally. More evidence indicates that autophagy, inflammation, and immunity are closely related to osteoclastogenesis and involve multiple intracellular organelles (e.g., lysosomes and autophagosomes) and certain inflammatory or immunological factors. Based on the literature on osteoclastogenesis induced by different regulatory aspects, emerging basic cross-studies have reported the emerging disquisitive orientation for osteoclast differentiation and function. In this review, we summarize the partial potential therapeutic targets for osteoclast differentiation and function, including the signaling pathways and various cellular processes.
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8
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Ruocco A, Sirico A, Novelli R, Iannelli S, Van Breda SV, Kyburz D, Hasler P, Aramini A, Amendola PG. The role of C5a-C5aR1 axis in bone pathophysiology: A mini-review. Front Cell Dev Biol 2022; 10:957800. [PMID: 36003145 PMCID: PMC9393612 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2022.957800] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2022] [Accepted: 07/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Bone remodeling is a physiological, dynamic process that mainly depends on the functions of 2 cell types: osteoblasts and osteoclasts. Emerging evidence suggests that complement system is crucially involved in the regulation of functions of these cells, especially during inflammatory states. In this context, complement component 5a (C5a), a powerful pro-inflammatory anaphylatoxin that binds the receptor C5aR1, is known to regulate osteoclast formation and osteoblast inflammatory responses, and has thus been proposed as potential therapeutic target for the treatment of inflammatory bone diseases. In this review, we will analyze the role of C5a-C5aR1 axis in bone physiology and pathophysiology, describing its involvement in the pathogenesis of some of the most frequent inflammatory bone diseases such as rheumatoid arthritis, and also in osteoporosis and bone cancer and metastasis. Moreover, we will examine C5aR1-based pharmacological approaches that are available and have been tested so far for the treatment of these conditions. Given the growing interest of the scientific community on osteoimmunology, and the scarcity of data regarding the role of C5a-C5aR1 axis in bone pathophysiology, we will highlight the importance of this axis in mediating the interactions between skeletal and immune systems and its potential use as a therapeutic target.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Diego Kyburz
- Departement Biomedizin, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Paul Hasler
- Division of Rheumatology, Kantonsspital Aarau AG, Aarau, Switzerland
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9
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Hofmann E, Eggers B, Heim N, Kramer FJ, Nokhbehsaim M, Götz W. Bevacizumab and sunitinib mediate osteogenic and pro-inflammatory molecular changes in primary human alveolar osteoblasts in vitro. Odontology 2022; 110:634-647. [PMID: 35171372 PMCID: PMC9463285 DOI: 10.1007/s10266-022-00691-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2021] [Accepted: 02/04/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022]
Abstract
Antiangiogenic medications target the de novo blood vessel formation in tumorigenesis. However, these novel drugs have been linked to the onset of medication-related osteonecrosis of the jaw (MRONJ). The aim of this in vitro study was to examine the effects of the vascular endothelial growth factor A (VEGFA) antibody bevacizumab (BEV) and the receptor tyrosine kinase inhibitor (RTKI) sunitinib (SUN) on primary human osteoblasts derived from the alveolar bone. Primary human alveolar osteoblasts (HAOBs) were treated with BEV or SUN for 48 h. Cellular metabolic activity was examined by XTT assay. Differentially regulated genes were identified by screening of 22 selected osteogenic and angiogenic markers by quantitative real-time reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (qRT2-PCR). Protein levels of alkaline phosphatase (ALP), collagen type 1, α1 (COL1A1) and secreted protein acidic and cysteine rich (SPARC) were examined by enzyme-linked immunoassay (ELISA). Treatment with BEV and SUN did not exhibit direct cytotoxic effects in HAOBs as confirmed by XTT assay. Of the 22 genes examined by qRT2-PCR, four genes were significantly regulated after BEV treatment and eight genes in the SUN group as compared to the control group. Gene expression levels of ALPL, COL1A1 and SPARC were significantly downregulated by both drugs. Further analysis by ELISA indicated the downregulation of protein levels of ALP, COL1A1 and SPARC in the BEV and SUN groups. The effects of BEV and SUN in HAOBs may be mediated by alterations to osteogenic and catabolic markers. Therapeutic or preventive strategies in MRONJ may address drug-induced depression of osteoblast differentiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elena Hofmann
- Department of Oral, Maxillofacial and Plastic Surgery, University Hospital Bonn, Welschnonnenstr 17, 53111, Bonn, Germany.
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Charité- Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität Zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Augustenburger Platz 1, 13353, Berlin, Germany.
| | - Benedikt Eggers
- Department of Oral, Maxillofacial and Plastic Surgery, University Hospital Bonn, Welschnonnenstr 17, 53111, Bonn, Germany
| | - Nils Heim
- Department of Oral, Maxillofacial and Plastic Surgery, University Hospital Bonn, Welschnonnenstr 17, 53111, Bonn, Germany
| | - Franz-Josef Kramer
- Department of Oral, Maxillofacial and Plastic Surgery, University Hospital Bonn, Welschnonnenstr 17, 53111, Bonn, Germany
| | - Marjan Nokhbehsaim
- Section of Experimental Dento-Maxillo-Facial Medicine, University Hospital Bonn, 53111, Bonn, Germany
| | - Werner Götz
- Department of Orthodontics, University Hospital Bonn, 53111, Bonn, Germany
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10
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Sun Y, Li J, Xie X, Gu F, Sui Z, Zhang K, Yu T. Macrophage-Osteoclast Associations: Origin, Polarization, and Subgroups. Front Immunol 2021; 12:778078. [PMID: 34925351 PMCID: PMC8672114 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.778078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 81] [Impact Index Per Article: 27.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2021] [Accepted: 11/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Cellular associations in the bone microenvironment are involved in modulating the balance between bone remodeling and resorption, which is necessary for maintaining a normal bone morphology. Macrophages and osteoclasts are both vital components of the bone marrow. Macrophages can interact with osteoclasts and regulate bone metabolism by secreting a variety of cytokines, which make a significant contribution to the associations. Although, recent studies have fully explored either macrophages or osteoclasts, indicating the significance of these two types of cells. However, it is of high importance to report the latest discoveries on the relationships between these two myeloid-derived cells in the field of osteoimmunology. Therefore, this paper reviews this topic from three novel aspects of the origin, polarization, and subgroups based on the previous work, to provide a reference for future research and treatment of bone-related diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Sun
- Department of Orthopedics, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Jiangbi Li
- Department of Orthopedics, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Xiaoping Xie
- Department of Orthopedics, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Feng Gu
- Department of Orthopedics, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Zhenjiang Sui
- Department of Orthopedics, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Ke Zhang
- Department of Orthopedics, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Tiecheng Yu
- Department of Orthopedics, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
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11
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Ramser A, Greene E, Wideman R, Dridi S. Local and Systemic Cytokine, Chemokine, and FGF Profile in Bacterial Chondronecrosis with Osteomyelitis (BCO)-Affected Broilers. Cells 2021; 10:3174. [PMID: 34831397 PMCID: PMC8620240 DOI: 10.3390/cells10113174] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2021] [Revised: 11/08/2021] [Accepted: 11/11/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Complex disease states, like bacterial chondronecrosis with osteomyelitis (BCO), not only result in physiological symptoms, such as lameness, but also a complex systemic reaction involving immune and growth factor responses. For the modern broiler (meat-type) chickens, BCO is an animal welfare, production, and economic concern involving bacterial infection, inflammation, and bone attrition with a poorly defined etiology. It is, therefore, critical to define the key inflammatory and bone-related factors involved in BCO. In this study, the local bone and systemic blood profile of inflammatory modulators, cytokines, and chemokines was elucidated along with inflammasome and key FGF genes. BCO-affected bone showed increased expression of cytokines IL-1β, while BCO-affected blood expressed upregulated TNFα and IL-12. The chemokine profile revealed increased IL-8 expression in both BCO-affected bone and blood in addition to inflammasome NLRC5 being upregulated in circulation. The key FGF receptor, FGFR1, was significantly downregulated in BCO-affected bone. The exposure of two different bone cell types, hFOB and chicken primary chondrocytes, to plasma from BCO-affected birds, as well as recombinant TNFα, resulted in significantly decreased cell viability. These results demonstrate an expression of proinflammatory and bone-resorptive factors and their potential contribution to BCO etiology through their impact on bone cell viability. This unique profile could be used for improved non-invasive detection of BCO and provides potential targets for treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alison Ramser
- Center of Excellence for Poultry Science, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, AR 72701, USA; (A.R.); (E.G.); (R.W.)
- Department of Poultry Science, Cell and Molecular Biology Program, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, AR 72701, USA
| | - Elizabeth Greene
- Center of Excellence for Poultry Science, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, AR 72701, USA; (A.R.); (E.G.); (R.W.)
| | - Robert Wideman
- Center of Excellence for Poultry Science, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, AR 72701, USA; (A.R.); (E.G.); (R.W.)
| | - Sami Dridi
- Center of Excellence for Poultry Science, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, AR 72701, USA; (A.R.); (E.G.); (R.W.)
- Department of Poultry Science, Cell and Molecular Biology Program, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, AR 72701, USA
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12
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Saxena Y, Routh S, Mukhopadhaya A. Immunoporosis: Role of Innate Immune Cells in Osteoporosis. Front Immunol 2021; 12:687037. [PMID: 34421899 PMCID: PMC8374941 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.687037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2021] [Accepted: 07/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Osteoporosis or porous bone disorder is the result of an imbalance in an otherwise highly balanced physiological process known as 'bone remodeling'. The immune system is intricately involved in bone physiology as well as pathologies. Inflammatory diseases are often correlated with osteoporosis. Inflammatory mediators such as reactive oxygen species (ROS), and pro-inflammatory cytokines and chemokines directly or indirectly act on the bone cells and play a role in the pathogenesis of osteoporosis. Recently, Srivastava et al. (Srivastava RK, Dar HY, Mishra PK. Immunoporosis: Immunology of Osteoporosis-Role of T Cells. Frontiers in immunology. 2018;9:657) have coined the term "immunoporosis" to emphasize the role of immune cells in the pathology of osteoporosis. Accumulated pieces of evidence suggest both innate and adaptive immune cells contribute to osteoporosis. However, innate cells are the major effectors of inflammation. They sense various triggers to inflammation such as pathogen-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs), damage-associated molecular patterns (DAMPs), cellular stress, etc., thus producing pro-inflammatory mediators that play a critical role in the pathogenesis of osteoporosis. In this review, we have discussed the role of the innate immune cells in great detail and divided these cells into different sections in a systemic manner. In the beginning, we talked about cells of the myeloid lineage, including macrophages, monocytes, and dendritic cells. This group of cells explicitly influences the skeletal system by the action of production of pro-inflammatory cytokines and can transdifferentiate into osteoclast. Other cells of the myeloid lineage, such as neutrophils, eosinophils, and mast cells, largely impact osteoporosis via the production of pro-inflammatory cytokines. Further, we talked about the cells of the lymphoid lineage, including natural killer cells and innate lymphoid cells, which share innate-like properties and play a role in osteoporosis. In addition to various innate immune cells, we also discussed the impact of classical pro-inflammatory cytokines on osteoporosis. We also highlighted the studies regarding the impact of physiological and metabolic changes in the body, which results in chronic inflammatory conditions such as ageing, ultimately triggering osteoporosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yogesh Saxena
- Department of Biological Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Mohali, Mohali, India
| | - Sanjeev Routh
- Department of Biological Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Mohali, Mohali, India
| | - Arunika Mukhopadhaya
- Department of Biological Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Mohali, Mohali, India
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13
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Li L, Zhou J, Xu Y, Huang Z, Zhang N, Qiu X, Wang L. C-C chemokine receptor type 6 modulates the biological function of osteoblastogenesis by altering the expression levels of Osterix and OPG/RANKL. Biosci Trends 2021; 15:240-248. [PMID: 34248133 DOI: 10.5582/bst.2021.01199] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Circulating inflammatory factors affect osteoblast and osteoclast formation and activity in osteoporosis. Estrogen affects the migration of Th17 cells via the C-C chemokine receptor type 6 (CCR6) and C-C chemokine ligand 20 (CCL20) signaling pathways to modulate bone metabolism; however, it is unclear whether and how CCR6 modulates bone homeostasis. In the present study, CCR6 knockout (CCR6-/-) mice were selected to investigate the effects of CCR6 in the regulation of homeostasis of osteoblasts and osteoclasts. Primary osteoblasts were isolated from the calvarium of newborn CCR6-/- or wild-type mice, followed by osteoblastic differentiation culture in vitro. CCR6 deletion reduced osteoblast activity in terms of alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity and inhibited osteoblast mineralization according to the results of Alizarin Red S staining, whereas it did not affect the proliferation of osteoblasts. CCR6 deletion inhibited Osterix mRNA expression in osteoblasts during the late stage of mineralization in vitro, while it did not affect mRNA expression levels of runt-related transcription factor 2 (Runx2) and Collagen-1. The ratio of osteoprotegerin (OPG) /receptor activator of nuclear factor κ-Β ligand (RANKL) mRNA level in osteoblasts was decreased by CCR6 deficiency in the culture treated with 1,25(OH)2D3/PGE2, while there was no effect observed in the normal culture environment. The results provide novel insights, such as that CCR6 deletion suppresses osteoblast differentiation by downregulating the expression levels of the transcription factor Osterix, and indirectly promotes osteoclast production by increasing transcription of RANKL. This may be one of the mechanisms via which CCR6 deletion regulates bone metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lisha Li
- Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai, China.,The Academy of Integrative Medicine of Fudan University, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Key Laboratory of Female Reproductive Endocrine-related Diseases, Shanghai, China
| | - Jing Zhou
- Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai, China.,The Academy of Integrative Medicine of Fudan University, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Key Laboratory of Female Reproductive Endocrine-related Diseases, Shanghai, China
| | - Yingping Xu
- Reproductive Medicine Centre, Taizhou Hospital Affiliated to Wenzhou Medical University, Linhai, Zhejiang, China
| | - Zengshu Huang
- Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai, China.,The Academy of Integrative Medicine of Fudan University, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Key Laboratory of Female Reproductive Endocrine-related Diseases, Shanghai, China
| | - Na Zhang
- Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai, China.,The Academy of Integrative Medicine of Fudan University, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Key Laboratory of Female Reproductive Endocrine-related Diseases, Shanghai, China
| | - Xuemin Qiu
- Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai, China.,The Academy of Integrative Medicine of Fudan University, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Key Laboratory of Female Reproductive Endocrine-related Diseases, Shanghai, China
| | - Ling Wang
- Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai, China.,The Academy of Integrative Medicine of Fudan University, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Key Laboratory of Female Reproductive Endocrine-related Diseases, Shanghai, China
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14
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Abstract
Oral commensal bacteria actively participate with gingival tissue to maintain healthy neutrophil surveillance and normal tissue and bone turnover processes. Disruption of this homeostatic host-bacteria relationship occurs during experimental gingivitis studies where it has been clearly established that increases in the bacterial burden increase gingival inflammation. Here, we show that experimental gingivitis resulted in three unique clinical inflammatory phenotypes (high, low, and slow) and reveal that interleukin-1β, a reported major gingivitis-associated inflammatory mediator, was not associated with clinical gingival inflammation in the slow response group. In addition, significantly higher levels of Streptococcus spp. were also unique to this group. The low clinical response group was characterized by low concentrations of host mediators, despite similar bacterial accumulation and compositional characteristics as the high clinical response group. Neutrophil and bone activation modulators were down-regulated in all response groups, revealing novel tissue and bone protective responses during gingival inflammation. These alterations in chemokine and microbial composition responses during experimental gingivitis reveal a previously uncharacterized variation in the human host response to a disruption in gingival homeostasis. Understanding this human variation in gingival inflammation may facilitate the identification of periodontitis-susceptible individuals. Overall, this study underscores the variability in host responses in the human population arising from variations in host immune profiles (low responders) and microbial community maturation (slow responders) that may impact clinical outcomes in terms of destructive inflammation.
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15
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Qiu X, Liu Y, Shen H, Wang Z, Gong Y, Yang J, Li X, Zhang H, Chen Y, Zhou C, Lv W, Cheng L, Hu Y, Li B, Shen W, Zhu X, Tan LJ, Xiao HM, Deng HW. Single-cell RNA sequencing of human femoral head in vivo. Aging (Albany NY) 2021; 13:15595-15619. [PMID: 34111027 PMCID: PMC8221309 DOI: 10.18632/aging.203124] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2020] [Accepted: 05/13/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
The homeostasis of bone metabolism depends on the coupling and precise regulation of various types of cells in bone tissue. However, the communication and interaction between bone tissue cells at the single-cell level remains poorly understood. Thus, we performed single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) on the primary human femoral head tissue cells (FHTCs). Nine cell types were identified in 26,574 primary human FHTCs, including granulocytes, T cells, monocytes, B cells, red blood cells, osteoblastic lineage cells, endothelial cells, endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs) and plasmacytoid dendritic cells. We identified serine protease 23 (PRSS23) and matrix remodeling associated protein 8 (MXRA8) as novel bone metabolism-related genes. Additionally, we found that several subtypes of monocytes, T cells and B cells were related to bone metabolism. Cell-cell communication analysis showed that collagen, chemokine, transforming growth factor and their ligands have significant roles in the crosstalks between FHTCs. In particular, EPCs communicated with osteoblastic lineage cells closely via the "COL2A1-ITGB1" interaction pair. Collectively, this study provided an initial characterization of the cellular composition of the human FHTCs and the complex crosstalks between them at the single-cell level. It is a unique starting resource for in-depth insights into bone metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiang Qiu
- Center for System Biology, Data Sciences, and Reproductive Health, School of Basic Medical Science, Central South University, Yuelu, Changsha 410013, China
| | - Ying Liu
- Laboratory of Molecular and Statistical Genetics, College of Life Sciences, Human Normal University, Changsha 410081, China
| | - Hui Shen
- Tulane Center of Biomedical Informatics and Genomics, Deming Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, Tulane University, New Orleans, LA 70112, USA
| | - Zun Wang
- Xiangya Nursing School, Central South University, Changsha 410013, China
| | - Yun Gong
- Tulane Center of Biomedical Informatics and Genomics, Deming Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, Tulane University, New Orleans, LA 70112, USA
| | - Junxiao Yang
- Department of Orthopedics, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008, China
| | - Xiaohua Li
- Laboratory of Molecular and Statistical Genetics, College of Life Sciences, Human Normal University, Changsha 410081, China
| | - Huixi Zhang
- Laboratory of Molecular and Statistical Genetics, College of Life Sciences, Human Normal University, Changsha 410081, China
| | - Yu Chen
- Laboratory of Molecular and Statistical Genetics, College of Life Sciences, Human Normal University, Changsha 410081, China
| | - Cui Zhou
- Laboratory of Molecular and Statistical Genetics, College of Life Sciences, Human Normal University, Changsha 410081, China
| | - Wanqiang Lv
- Center for System Biology, Data Sciences, and Reproductive Health, School of Basic Medical Science, Central South University, Yuelu, Changsha 410013, China
| | - Liang Cheng
- Department of Orthopedics and National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008, China
| | - Yihe Hu
- Department of Orthopedics, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008, China
| | - Boyang Li
- Center for System Biology, Data Sciences, and Reproductive Health, School of Basic Medical Science, Central South University, Yuelu, Changsha 410013, China
| | - Wendi Shen
- Center for System Biology, Data Sciences, and Reproductive Health, School of Basic Medical Science, Central South University, Yuelu, Changsha 410013, China
| | - Xuezhen Zhu
- Center for System Biology, Data Sciences, and Reproductive Health, School of Basic Medical Science, Central South University, Yuelu, Changsha 410013, China
| | - Li-Jun Tan
- Laboratory of Molecular and Statistical Genetics, College of Life Sciences, Human Normal University, Changsha 410081, China
| | - Hong-Mei Xiao
- Center for System Biology, Data Sciences, and Reproductive Health, School of Basic Medical Science, Central South University, Yuelu, Changsha 410013, China
| | - Hong-Wen Deng
- Center for System Biology, Data Sciences, and Reproductive Health, School of Basic Medical Science, Central South University, Yuelu, Changsha 410013, China
- Tulane Center of Biomedical Informatics and Genomics, Deming Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, Tulane University, New Orleans, LA 70112, USA
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16
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Rodgers LC, Cole J, Rattigan KM, Barrett MP, Kurian N, McInnes IB, Goodyear CS. The rheumatoid synovial environment alters fatty acid metabolism in human monocytes and enhances CCL20 secretion. Rheumatology (Oxford) 2020; 59:869-878. [PMID: 31497857 DOI: 10.1093/rheumatology/kez378] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2018] [Revised: 07/05/2019] [Accepted: 08/02/2019] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Fatty acid oxidation (FAO) and glycolysis have been implicated in immune regulation and activation of macrophages. However, investigation of human monocyte intracellular metabolism in the context of the hypoxic and inflammatory rheumatoid arthritis (RA) synovium is lacking. We hypothesized that exposure of monocytes to the hypoxic and inflammatory RA environment would have a profound impact on their metabolic state, and potential to contribute to disease pathology. METHODS Human monocytes were isolated from buffy coats and exposed to hypoxia. Metabolic profiling of monocytes was carried out by LC-MS metabolomics. Inflammatory mediator release after LPS or RA-synovial fluid (RA-SF) stimulation was analysed by ELISA. FAO was inhibited by etomoxir or enhanced with exogenous carnitine supplementation. Transcriptomics of RA blood monocytes and RA-SF macrophages was carried out by microarray. RESULTS Hypoxia exacerbated monocyte-derived CCL20 and IL-1β release in response to LPS, and increased glycolytic intermediates at the expense of carnitines. Modulation of carnitine identified a novel role for FAO in the production of CCL20 in response to LPS. Transcriptional analysis of RA blood monocytes and RA-SF macrophages revealed that fatty acid metabolism was altered and CCL20 increased when monocytes enter the synovial environment. In vitro analysis of monocytes showed that RA-SF increases carnitine abundance and CCL20 production in hypoxia, which was exacerbated by exogenous carnitine. CONCLUSION This work has revealed a novel inflammatory mechanism in RA that links FAO to CCL20 production in human monocytes, which could subsequently contribute to RA disease pathogenesis by promoting the recruitment of Th17 cells and osteoclastogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lewis C Rodgers
- Centre of Immunobiology, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK.,GLAZgo Discovery Centre, Glasgow, UK
| | - John Cole
- GLAZgo Discovery Centre, Glasgow, UK
| | - Kevin M Rattigan
- Wellcome Centre for Molecular Parasitology, Institute of Infection, Immunity and Inflammation, Glasgow, UK
| | - Michael P Barrett
- Wellcome Centre for Molecular Parasitology, Institute of Infection, Immunity and Inflammation, Glasgow, UK.,Glasgow Polyomics, Wolfson Wohl Cancer Research Centre, College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
| | - Nisha Kurian
- Respiratory Inflammation and Autoimmune (RIA) Precision Medicine Unit, Precision Medicine, Oncology R&D, AstraZeneca, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Iain B McInnes
- Centre of Immunobiology, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
| | - Carl S Goodyear
- Centre of Immunobiology, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK.,GLAZgo Discovery Centre, Glasgow, UK
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17
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Tian Y, Terkawi MA, Onodera T, Alhasan H, Matsumae G, Takahashi D, Hamasaki M, Ebata T, Aly MK, Kida H, Shimizu T, Uetsuki K, Kadoya K, Iwasaki N. Blockade of XCL1/Lymphotactin Ameliorates Severity of Periprosthetic Osteolysis Triggered by Polyethylene-Particles. Front Immunol 2020; 11:1720. [PMID: 32849609 PMCID: PMC7417302 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2020.01720] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2020] [Accepted: 06/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Periprosthetic osteolysis induced by orthopedic implant-wear particles continues to be the leading cause of arthroplasty failure in majority of patients. Release of the wear debris results in a chronic local inflammatory response typified by the recruitment of immune cells, including macrophages. The cellular mediators derived from activated macrophages favor the osteoclast-bone resorbing activity resulting in bone loss at the site of implant and loosening of the prosthetic components. Emerging evidence suggests that chemokines and their receptors are involved in the progression of periprosthetic osteolysis associated with aseptic implant loosening. In the current study, we investigated the potential role of chemokine C-motif-ligand-1 (XCL1) in the pathogenesis of inflammatory osteolysis induced by wear particles. Expressions of XCL1 and its receptor XCR1 were evident in synovial fluids and tissues surrounding hip-implants of patients undergoing revision total hip arthroplasty. Furthermore, murine calvarial osteolysis model induced by ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene (UHMWPE) particles was used to study the role of XCL1 in the development of inflammatory osteolysis. Mice received single injection of recombinant XCL1 onto the calvariae after implantation of particles exhibited significantly greater osteolytic lesions than the control mice. In contrast, blockade of XCL1 by neutralizing antibody significantly reduced bone erosion and the number of bone-resorbing mature osteoclasts induced by UHMWPE particles. In consistence with the results, transplantation of XCL1-soaked sponge onto calvariae caused osteolytic lesions coincident with excessive infiltration of inflammatory cells and osteoclasts. These results suggested that XCL1 might be involved in the development of periprosthetic osteolysis through promoting infiltration of inflammatory cells and bone resorbing-osteoclasts. Our further results demonstrated that supplementing recombinant XCL1 to cultured human monocytes stimulated with the receptor activator of nuclear factor kappa-B ligand (RANKL) promoted osteoclastogenesis and the osteoclast-bone resorbing activity. Moreover, recombinant XCL1 promoted the expression of inflammatory and osteoclastogenic factors, including IL-6, IL-8, and RANKL in human differentiated osteoblasts. Together, these results suggested the potential role of XCL1 in the pathogenesis of periprosthetic osteolysis and aseptic loosening. Our data broaden knowledge of the pathogenesis of aseptic prosthesis loosening and highlight a novel molecular target for therapeutic intervention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuan Tian
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Faculty of Medicine and Graduate School of Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Mohamad Alaa Terkawi
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Faculty of Medicine and Graduate School of Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan.,Global Institution for Collaborative Research and Education (GI-CoRE), Frontier Research Center for Advanced Material and Life Science, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Tomohiro Onodera
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Faculty of Medicine and Graduate School of Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan.,Global Institution for Collaborative Research and Education (GI-CoRE), Frontier Research Center for Advanced Material and Life Science, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Hend Alhasan
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Faculty of Medicine and Graduate School of Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Gen Matsumae
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Faculty of Medicine and Graduate School of Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Daisuke Takahashi
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Faculty of Medicine and Graduate School of Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Masanari Hamasaki
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Faculty of Medicine and Graduate School of Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Taku Ebata
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Faculty of Medicine and Graduate School of Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Mahmoud Khamis Aly
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Faculty of Medicine and Graduate School of Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Hiroaki Kida
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Faculty of Medicine and Graduate School of Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Tomohiro Shimizu
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Faculty of Medicine and Graduate School of Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Keita Uetsuki
- R&D Center, Teijin Nakashima Medical Co., Ltd., Okayama, Japan
| | - Ken Kadoya
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Faculty of Medicine and Graduate School of Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Norimasa Iwasaki
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Faculty of Medicine and Graduate School of Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan.,Global Institution for Collaborative Research and Education (GI-CoRE), Frontier Research Center for Advanced Material and Life Science, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan
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18
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Abstract
Chemokines are a family of small proteins, subdivided by their conserved cysteine residues and common structural features. Chemokines interact with their cognate G-protein-coupled receptors to elicit downstream signals that result in cell migration, proliferation, and survival. This review presents evidence for how the various CXC and CC subfamily chemokines influence bone hemostasis by acting on osteoclasts, osteoblasts, and progenitor cells. Also discussed are the ways in which chemokines contribute to bone loss as a result of inflammatory diseases such as rheumatoid arthritis, HIV infection, and periodontal infection. Both positive and negative effects of chemokines on bone formation and bone loss are presented. In addition, the role of chemokines in altering the bone microenvironment through effects on angiogenesis and tumor invasion is discussed. Very few therapeutic agents that influence bone formation by targeting chemokines or chemokine receptors are available, although a few are currently being evaluated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Annette Gilchrist
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Midwestern University, Downers Grove, IL, USA.
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19
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Kany S, Vollrath JT, Relja B. Cytokines in Inflammatory Disease. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:ijms20236008. [PMID: 31795299 PMCID: PMC6929211 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20236008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 911] [Impact Index Per Article: 182.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2019] [Revised: 11/24/2019] [Accepted: 11/25/2019] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
This review aims to briefly discuss a short list of a broad variety of inflammatory cytokines. Numerous studies have implicated that inflammatory cytokines exert important effects with regard to various inflammatory diseases, yet the reports on their specific roles are not always consistent. They can be used as biomarkers to indicate or monitor disease or its progress, and also may serve as clinically applicable parameters for therapies. Yet, their precise role is not always clearly defined. Thus, in this review, we focus on the existing literature dealing with the biology of cytokines interleukin (IL)-6, IL-1, IL-33, tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α), IL-10, and IL-8. We will briefly focus on the correlations and role of these inflammatory mediators in the genesis of inflammatory impacts (e.g., shock, trauma, immune dysregulation, osteoporosis, and/or critical illness).
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Affiliation(s)
- Shinwan Kany
- Experimental Radiology, Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Otto von Guericke University Magdeburg, 39120 Magdeburg, Germany;
- Department of Cardiology with Emphasis on Electrophysiology, University Heart Centre, University Hospital Hamburg-Eppendorf, 20251 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Jan Tilmann Vollrath
- Department of Trauma, Hand and Reconstructive Surgery, Goethe University, 60590 Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Borna Relja
- Experimental Radiology, Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Otto von Guericke University Magdeburg, 39120 Magdeburg, Germany
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +49-391-6721395
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20
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Luo X, Xu S, Zhong Y, Tu T, Xu Y, Li X, Wang B, Yang F. High gene expression levels of VEGFA and CXCL8 in the peritumoral brain zone are associated with the recurrence of glioblastoma: A bioinformatics analysis. Oncol Lett 2019; 18:6171-6179. [PMID: 31788092 PMCID: PMC6865749 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2019.10988] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2019] [Accepted: 09/17/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The present study aimed to identify differentially regulated genes between the peritumoral brain zone (PBZ) and tumor core (TC) of glioblastoma (GBM), to elucidate the underlying molecular mechanisms and provide a target for the treatment of tumors. The GSE13276 and GSE116520 datasets were downloaded from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database. Differentially expressed genes (DEGs) for the PBZ and TC were obtained using the GEO2R tool. The bioinformatics and evolutionary genomics online tool Venn was used to identify common DEGs between the two datasets. The Database for Annotation, Visualization, and Integrated Discovery online tool was used to analyze enriched pathways of the Gene Ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) databases. The Search Tool for the Retrieval of Interacting Genes/Proteins online tool was used to construct a protein-protein interaction (PPI) network of DEGs. Hub genes were identified using Cytohubba, a plug-in for Cytoscape. The Gene Expression Profiling Interactive Analysis (GEPIA) database was utilized to perform survival analysis. In total, 75 DEGs, including 12 upregulated and 63 downregulated genes, were identified. In the GO term analysis, these DEGs were mainly enriched in ‘regulation of angiogenesis’ and ‘central nervous system development’. Furthermore, in the KEGG pathway analysis, the DEGs were mainly enriched in ‘bladder cancer’ and ‘endocytosis’. When filtering the results of the PPI network analysis using Cytohubba, a total of 10 hub genes, including proteolipid protein 1, myelin associated oligodendrocyte basic protein, contactin 2, myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein, myelin basic protein, myelin associated glycoprotein, SRY-box transcription factor 10, C-X-C motif chemokine ligand 8 (CXCL8), vascular endothelial growth factor A (VEGFA) and plasmolipin, were identified. These hub genes were further subjected to GO term and KEGG pathway analysis, and were revealed to be enriched in ‘central nervous system development’, ‘bladder cancer’ and ‘rheumatoid arthritis’. These hub genes were used to perform survival analysis using the GEPIA database, and it was determined that VEGFA and CXCL8 were significantly associated with a reduction in the overall survival of patients with GBM. In conclusion, the results suggest that the recurrence of GBM is associated with high gene expression levels VEGFA and CXCL8, and the development of the central nervous system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaobin Luo
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan 646000, P.R. China
| | - Shangyi Xu
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan 646000, P.R. China
| | - Yali Zhong
- School of Nursing, Guizhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guiyang, Guizhou 550000, P.R. China
| | - Tianqi Tu
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan 646000, P.R. China
| | - Youlin Xu
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan 646000, P.R. China
| | - Xianglong Li
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan 646000, P.R. China
| | - Bin Wang
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan 646000, P.R. China
| | - Fubing Yang
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan 646000, P.R. China
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21
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Khan MA, Khurana N, Ahmed RS, Umar S, Md G Sarwar AH, Alam Q, Kamal MA, Ashraf GM. Chemokines: A Potential Therapeutic Target to Suppress Autoimmune Arthritis. Curr Pharm Des 2019; 25:2937-2946. [PMID: 31580792 DOI: 10.2174/1381612825666190709205028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2019] [Accepted: 06/30/2019] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Chemokines are a family of low molecular weight proteins that induce chemotaxis of inflammatory cells, which mainly depends on the recognition of a chemo-attractant gradient and interaction with the substratum. In Rheumatoid Arthritis (RA), abundant chemokines are expressed in synovial tissue, cause inflammatory cells migration into the inflamed joint that necessitates the formation of new blood vessels i.e. angiogenesis. Over the decades, studies showed that continuous inflammation may lead to the loss of tissue architecture and function, causing severe disability and cartilage destruction. In spite of the advancement of modern drug therapy, thousands of arthritic patients suffer mortality and morbidity globally. Thus, there is an urgent need for the development of novel therapeutic agents for the treatment of RA. METHODS This review is carried out throughout a non-systematic search of the accessible literature, will provide an overview of the current information of chemokine in RA and also exploring the future perspective of the vital role of targeting chemokine in RA treatment. RESULTS Since, chemokines are associated with inflammatory cells/leucocyte migration at the site of inflammation in chronic inflammatory diseases and hence, blockade or interference with chemokines activity showing a potential approach for the development of new anti-inflammatory agents. Currently, results obtained from both preclinical and clinical studies showed significant improvement in arthritis. CONCLUSION This review summarizes the role of chemokines and their receptors in the pathogenesis of RA and also indicates possible interactions of chemokines/receptors with various synthetic and natural compounds that may be used as a potential therapeutic target in the future for the treatment of RA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahmood A Khan
- Department of Biochemistry, University College of Medical Sciences & GTB Hospital, Dilshad Garden, Delhi 110095, India
| | - Nikhil Khurana
- Department of Biochemistry, University College of Medical Sciences & GTB Hospital, Dilshad Garden, Delhi 110095, India
| | - Rafat S Ahmed
- Department of Biochemistry, University College of Medical Sciences & GTB Hospital, Dilshad Garden, Delhi 110095, India
| | - Sadiq Umar
- Division of Rheumatology, University of Illinois, Clinical Science Building (CSB), Chicago, IL-60612, United States
| | - Abu H Md G Sarwar
- Centre for Interdisciplinary Research in Basic Sciences, Jamia Millia Islamia, New Delhi-110025, India
| | - Qamre Alam
- King Fahd Medical Research Center, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammad A Kamal
- King Fahd Medical Research Center, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia.,Novel Global Community Educational Foundation, NSW, Australia
| | - Ghulam Md Ashraf
- King Fahd Medical Research Center, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia.,Department of Medical Laboratory Technology, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
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22
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Brylka LJ, Schinke T. Chemokines in Physiological and Pathological Bone Remodeling. Front Immunol 2019; 10:2182. [PMID: 31572390 PMCID: PMC6753917 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2019.02182] [Citation(s) in RCA: 104] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2019] [Accepted: 08/29/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The bone matrix is constantly remodeled by bone-resorbing osteoclasts and bone-forming osteoblasts. These two cell types are fundamentally different in terms of progenitor cells, mode of action and regulation by specific molecules, acting either systemically or locally. Importantly, there is increasing evidence for an impact of cell types or molecules of the adaptive and innate immune system on bone remodeling. Understanding these influences is the major goal of a novel research area termed osteoimmunology, which is of key relevance in the context of inflammation-induced bone loss, skeletal metastases, and diseases of impaired bone remodeling, such as osteoporosis. This review article aims at summarizing the current knowledge on one particular aspect of osteoimmunology, namely the impact of chemokines on skeletal cells in order to regulate bone remodeling under physiological and pathological conditions. Chemokines have key roles in the adaptive immune system by controlling migration, localization, and function of immune cells during inflammation. The vast majority of chemokines are divided into two subgroups based on the pattern of cysteine residues. More specifically, there are 27 known C-C-chemokines, binding to 10 different C-C receptors, and 17 known C-X-C-chemokines binding to seven different C-X-C receptors. Three additional chemokines do not fall into this category, and only one of them, i.e., CX3CL1, has been shown to influence bone remodeling cell types. There is a large amount of published studies demonstrating specific effects of certain chemokines on differentiation and function of osteoclasts and/or osteoblasts. Chemokine signaling by skeletal cells or by other cells of the bone marrow niche regulates bone formation and resorption through autocrine and paracrine mechanisms. In vivo evidence from mouse deficiency models strongly supports the role of certain chemokine signaling pathways in bone remodeling. We will summarize these data in the present review with a special focus on the most established subsets of chemokines. In combination with the other review articles of this issue, the knowledge presented here confirms that there is a physiologically relevant crosstalk between the innate immune system and bone remodeling cell types, whose molecular understanding is of high clinical relevance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura J Brylka
- Department of Osteology and Biomechanics, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Thorsten Schinke
- Department of Osteology and Biomechanics, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
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23
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Dyskova T, Kriegova E, Slobodova Z, Zehnalova S, Kudelka M, Schneiderova P, Fillerova R, Gallo J. Inflammation time-axis in aseptic loosening of total knee arthroplasty: A preliminary study. PLoS One 2019; 14:e0221056. [PMID: 31469844 PMCID: PMC6716666 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0221056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2019] [Accepted: 07/29/2019] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Aseptic loosening (AL) is the most frequent long-term reason for revision of total knee arthroplasty (TKA) affecting about 15-20% patients within 20 years after the surgery. Although there is a solid body of evidence about the crucial role of inflammation in the AL pathogenesis, scared information on inflammation signature and its time-axis in tissues around TKA exists. DESIGN The inflammation protein signatures in pseudosynovial tissues collected at revision surgery from patients with AL (AL, n = 12) and those with no clinical/radiographic signs of AL (non-AL, n = 9) were investigated by Proximity Extension Assay (PEA)-Immunoassay and immunohistochemistry. RESULTS AL tissues had elevated levels of TNF-family members sTNFR2, TNFSF14, sFasL, sBAFF, cytokines/chemokines IL8, CCL2, IL1RA/IL36, sIL6R, and growth factors sAREG, CSF1, comparing to non-AL. High interindividual variability in protein levels was evident particularly in non-AL. Levels of sTNFR2, sBAFF, IL8, sIL6R, and MPO discriminated between AL and non-AL and were associated with the time from index surgery, suggesting the cumulative character of inflammatory osteolytic response to prosthetic byproducts. The source of elevated inflammatory molecules was macrophages and multinucleated osteoclast-like cells in AL and histiocytes and osteoclast-like cells in non-AL tissues, respectively. All proteins were present in higher levels in osteoclast-like cells than in macrophages. CONCLUSIONS Our study revealed a differential inflammation signature between AL and non-AL stages of TKA. It also highlighted the unique patient's response to TKA in non-AL stages. Further confirmation of our preliminary results on a larger cohort is needed. Analysis of the time-axis of processes ongoing around TKA implantation may help to understand the mechanisms driving periprosthetic bone resorption needed for diagnostic/preventative strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tereza Dyskova
- Department of Immunology, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Palacky University Olomouc and University Hospital Olomouc, Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Eva Kriegova
- Department of Immunology, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Palacky University Olomouc and University Hospital Olomouc, Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Zuzana Slobodova
- Department of Clinical and Molecular Pathology, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Palacky University Olomouc and University Hospital Olomouc, Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Sarka Zehnalova
- Department of Computer Science, Faculty of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, VSB-Technical University of Ostrava, Ostrava, Czech Republic
| | - Milos Kudelka
- Department of Computer Science, Faculty of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, VSB-Technical University of Ostrava, Ostrava, Czech Republic
| | - Petra Schneiderova
- Department of Immunology, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Palacky University Olomouc and University Hospital Olomouc, Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Regina Fillerova
- Department of Immunology, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Palacky University Olomouc and University Hospital Olomouc, Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Jiri Gallo
- Department of Orthopaedics, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Palacky University Olomouc and University Hospital Olomouc, Olomouc, Czech Republic
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The Role of Macrophage in the Pathogenesis of Osteoporosis. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:ijms20092093. [PMID: 31035384 PMCID: PMC6539137 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20092093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2019] [Revised: 04/20/2019] [Accepted: 04/26/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Osteoporosis is a systemic disease with progressive bone loss. The bone loss is associated with an imbalance between bone resorption via osteoclasts and bone formation via osteoblasts. Other cells including T cells, B cells, macrophages, and osteocytes are also involved in the pathogenesis of osteoporosis. Different cytokines from activated macrophages can regulate or stimulate the development of osteoclastogenesis-associated bone loss. The fusion of macrophages can form multinucleated osteoclasts and, thus, cause bone resorption via the expression of IL-4 and IL-13. Different cytokines, endocrines, and chemokines are also expressed that may affect the presentation of macrophages in osteoporosis. Macrophages have an effect on bone formation during fracture-associated bone repair. However, activated macrophages may secrete proinflammatory cytokines that induce bone loss by osteoclastogenesis, and are associated with the activation of bone resorption. Targeting activated macrophages at an appropriate stage may help inhibit or slow the progression of bone loss in patients with osteoporosis.
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25
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Cheng Y, Ma XL, Wei YQ, Wei XW. Potential roles and targeted therapy of the CXCLs/CXCR2 axis in cancer and inflammatory diseases. Biochim Biophys Acta Rev Cancer 2019; 1871:289-312. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbcan.2019.01.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 127] [Impact Index Per Article: 25.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2018] [Revised: 11/19/2018] [Accepted: 01/09/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
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26
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Mödinger Y, Löffler B, Huber-Lang M, Ignatius A. Complement involvement in bone homeostasis and bone disorders. Semin Immunol 2018; 37:53-65. [DOI: 10.1016/j.smim.2018.01.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2017] [Revised: 01/17/2018] [Accepted: 01/22/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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27
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Amarasekara DS, Yun H, Kim S, Lee N, Kim H, Rho J. Regulation of Osteoclast Differentiation by Cytokine Networks. Immune Netw 2018; 18:e8. [PMID: 29503739 PMCID: PMC5833125 DOI: 10.4110/in.2018.18.e8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 294] [Impact Index Per Article: 49.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2017] [Revised: 02/02/2018] [Accepted: 02/03/2018] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Cytokines play a pivotal role in maintaining bone homeostasis. Osteoclasts (OCs), the sole bone resorbing cells, are regulated by numerous cytokines. Macrophage colony-stimulating factor and receptor activator of NF-κB ligand play a central role in OC differentiation, which is also termed osteoclastogenesis. Osteoclastogenic cytokines, including tumor necrosis factor-α, IL-1, IL-6, IL-7, IL-8, IL-11, IL-15, IL-17, IL-23, and IL-34, promote OC differentiation, whereas anti-osteoclastogenic cytokines, including interferon (IFN)-α, IFN-β, IFN-γ, IL-3, IL-4, IL-10, IL-12, IL-27, and IL-33, downregulate OC differentiation. Therefore, dynamic regulation of osteoclastogenic and anti-osteoclastogenic cytokines is important in maintaining the balance between bone-resorbing OCs and bone-forming osteoblasts (OBs), which eventually affects bone integrity. This review outlines the osteoclastogenic and anti-osteoclastogenic properties of cytokines with regard to osteoimmunology, and summarizes our current understanding of the roles these cytokines play in osteoclastogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Hyeongseok Yun
- Department of Microbiology and Molecular Biology, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 34134, Korea
| | - Sumi Kim
- Department of Microbiology and Molecular Biology, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 34134, Korea
| | - Nari Lee
- Department of Microbiology and Molecular Biology, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 34134, Korea
| | - Hyunjong Kim
- Department of Microbiology and Molecular Biology, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 34134, Korea
| | - Jaerang Rho
- Department of Microbiology and Molecular Biology, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 34134, Korea
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Hebels DG, Carlier A, Coonen ML, Theunissen DH, de Boer J. cBiT: A transcriptomics database for innovative biomaterial engineering. Biomaterials 2017; 149:88-97. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2017.10.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2017] [Revised: 09/20/2017] [Accepted: 10/02/2017] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
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Geurtzen K, Vernet A, Freidin A, Rauner M, Hofbauer LC, Schneider JE, Brand M, Knopf F. Immune Suppressive and Bone Inhibitory Effects of Prednisolone in Growing and Regenerating Zebrafish Tissues. J Bone Miner Res 2017; 32:2476-2488. [PMID: 28771888 DOI: 10.1002/jbmr.3231] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2017] [Revised: 07/19/2017] [Accepted: 07/31/2017] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
Glucocorticoids are widely used as therapeutic agents to treat immune-mediated diseases in humans because of their anti-inflammatory and immunosuppressive effects. However, glucocorticoids have various adverse effects, in particular rapid and pronounced bone loss associated with fractures in glucocorticoid-induced osteoporosis, a common form of secondary osteoporosis. In zebrafish, which are increasingly used to study processes of bone regeneration and disease, glucocorticoids show detrimental effects on bone tissue; however, the underlying cellular mechanisms are incompletely understood. Here, we show that treatment with the glucocorticoid prednisolone impacts on the number, activity and differentiation of osteoblasts, osteoclasts, and immune cells during ontogenetic growth, homeostasis, and regeneration of zebrafish bone. Macrophage numbers are reduced in both larval and adult tissues, correlating with decreased generation of myelomonocytes and enhanced apoptosis of these cells. In contrast, osteoblasts fail to proliferate, show decreased activity, and undergo incomplete differentiation. In addition, prednisolone treatment mitigates the number and recruitment of osteoclasts to sites of bone regeneration in adult fish. In combination, these effects delay bone growth and impair bone regeneration. Our study demonstrates the many-faceted effects of glucocorticoids in non-mammalian vertebrates and helps to further establish the zebrafish as a model to study glucocorticoid-induced osteoporosis. © 2017 American Society for Bone and Mineral Research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karina Geurtzen
- Center for Regenerative Therapies Dresden (CRTD) and Biotechnology Center, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Aude Vernet
- Wellcome Trust Centre for Human Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Andrew Freidin
- Kennedy Institute of Rheumatology, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Martina Rauner
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Bone Diseases, Department of Medicine III, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany
- Center for Healthy Aging, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Lorenz C Hofbauer
- Center for Regenerative Therapies Dresden (CRTD) and Biotechnology Center, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Bone Diseases, Department of Medicine III, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany
- Center for Healthy Aging, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Jürgen E Schneider
- Wellcome Trust Centre for Human Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
- Leeds Institute of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Medicine, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK
| | - Michael Brand
- Center for Regenerative Therapies Dresden (CRTD) and Biotechnology Center, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Franziska Knopf
- Center for Regenerative Therapies Dresden (CRTD) and Biotechnology Center, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany
- Kennedy Institute of Rheumatology, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
- Center for Healthy Aging, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany
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30
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Dyskova T, Gallo J, Kriegova E. The Role of the Chemokine System in Tissue Response to Prosthetic By-products Leading to Periprosthetic Osteolysis and Aseptic Loosening. Front Immunol 2017; 8:1026. [PMID: 28883822 PMCID: PMC5573717 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2017.01026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2017] [Accepted: 08/08/2017] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Millions of total joint replacements are performed annually worldwide, and the number is increasing every year. The overall proportion of patients achieving a successful outcome is about 80–90% in a 10–20-years time horizon postoperatively, periprosthetic osteolysis (PPOL) and aseptic loosening (AL) being the most frequent reasons for knee and hip implant failure and reoperations. The chemokine system (chemokine receptors and chemokines) is crucially involved in the inflammatory and osteolytic processes leading to PPOL/AL. Thus, the modulation of the interactions within the chemokine system may influence the extent of PPOL. Indeed, recent studies in murine models reported that (i) blocking the CCR2–CCL2 or CXCR2–CXCL2 axis or (ii) activation of the CXCR4–CXCL12 axis attenuate the osteolysis of artificial joints. Importantly, chemokines, inhibitory mutant chemokines, antagonists of chemokine receptors, or neutralizing antibodies to the chemokine system attached to or incorporated into the implant surface may influence the tissue responses and mitigate PPOL, thus increasing prosthesis longevity. This review summarizes the current state of the art of the knowledge of the chemokine system in human PPOL/AL. Furthermore, the potential for attenuating cell trafficking to the bone–implant interface and influencing tissue responses through modulation of the chemokine system is delineated. Additionally, the prospects of using immunoregenerative biomaterials (including chemokines) for the prevention of failed implants are discussed. Finally, this review highlights the need for a more sophisticated understanding of implant debris-induced changes in the chemokine system to mitigate this response effectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tereza Dyskova
- Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Department of Immunology, Palacky University Olomouc, Olomouc, Czechia
| | - Jiri Gallo
- Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Department of Orthopaedics, Palacky University Olomouc, University Hospital Olomouc, Olomouc, Czechia
| | - Eva Kriegova
- Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Department of Immunology, Palacky University Olomouc, Olomouc, Czechia
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31
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Zhu X, Zhao Y, Jiang Y, Qin T, Chen J, Chu X, Yi Q, Gao S, Wang S. Dectin-1 signaling inhibits osteoclastogenesis via IL-33-induced inhibition of NFATc1. Oncotarget 2017; 8:53366-53374. [PMID: 28881817 PMCID: PMC5581116 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.18411] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2016] [Accepted: 05/10/2017] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Abnormal osteoclast activation contributes to osteolytic bone diseases (OBDs). It was reported that curdlan, an agonist of dectin-1, inhibits osteoclastogenesis. However, the underlying mechanisms are not fully elucidated. In this study, we found that curdlan potently inhibited RANKL-induced osteoclast differentiation and the resultant bone resorption. Curdlan inhibited the expression of nuclear factor of activated T-cells, cytoplasmic 1 (NFATc1), the key transcriptional factor for osteoclastogenesis. Notably, dectin-1 activation increased the expression of MafB, an inhibitor of NFATc1, and IL-33 in osteoclast precursors. Mechanistic studies revealed that IL-33 enhanced the expression of MafB in osteoclast precursors and inhibited osteoclast precursors to differentiate into mature osteoclasts. Furthermore, blocking ST2, the IL-33 receptor, partially abrogated curdlan-induced inhibition of NFATc1 expression and osteoclast differentiation. Thus, our study has provided new insights into the mechanisms of dectin-1-induced inhibition of osteoclastogenesis and may provide new targets for the therapy of OBDs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoqing Zhu
- Department of Hematology, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun 130061, China.,Department of Hematology, Ningbo Hangzhou Bay Hospital, Ningbo 315336, China
| | - Yinghua Zhao
- Department of Cancer Immunology, Institute of Translational Medicine, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun 130061, China
| | - Yuxue Jiang
- Department of Cancer Immunology, Institute of Translational Medicine, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun 130061, China
| | - Tianxue Qin
- Department of Hematology, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun 130061, China
| | - Jintong Chen
- Department of Cancer Immunology, Institute of Translational Medicine, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun 130061, China
| | - Xiao Chu
- Department of Cancer Immunology, Institute of Translational Medicine, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun 130061, China
| | - Qing Yi
- Department of Cancer Immunology, Institute of Translational Medicine, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun 130061, China.,Department of Cancer Biology, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio 44195, USA
| | - Sujun Gao
- Department of Hematology, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun 130061, China
| | - Siqing Wang
- Department of Cancer Immunology, Institute of Translational Medicine, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun 130061, China
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32
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Pathak JL, Bakker AD, Luyten FP, Verschueren P, Lems WF, Klein-Nulend J, Bravenboer N. Systemic Inflammation Affects Human Osteocyte-Specific Protein and Cytokine Expression. Calcif Tissue Int 2016; 98:596-608. [PMID: 26887974 DOI: 10.1007/s00223-016-0116-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2015] [Accepted: 02/08/2016] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
Bone remodeling can be disturbed in active rheumatoid arthritis (RA), possibly as a result of elevated levels of circulating inflammatory cytokines. Osteocyte-specific proteins and cytokines play a vital role in bone remodeling by orchestrating bone formation and/or bone resorption. Therefore, we aimed to investigate the effect of RA-serum or inflammatory cytokines on expression of human osteocyte-specific proteins and cytokines. Human trabecular bone chips were cultured with RA-serum or inflammatory cytokines for 7-days. Live-dead staining was performed to assess cell viability. Gene expression of osteocyte-specific proteins and cytokines was analyzed by qPCR. Immuno-staining was performed for osteocyte-specific markers. Approximately 60 % of the osteocytes on the bone chips were alive at day-7. Cells in or on the bone chips did express the gene for osteocyte markers SOST, FGF23, DMP1, and MEPE, and the cytokines IL-1β, IL-6, and TNFα at day 0 and 7. Active RA-serum treatment enhanced IL-1β, TNFα, SOST, and DKK1 gene expression. IL-1β treatment enhanced IL-1β, TNFα, IL-6, IL-8, FGF23, and SOST gene expression. TNFα treatment enhanced IL-1β, TNFα, IL-6, IL-8, and FGF23 gene expression. IL-8 treatment enhanced TNFα, IL-8, and FGF23 gene expression. A combination of IL-1β, IL-6, and TNFα treatment synergistically upregulated IL-1β, IL-6, and IL-8 gene expression, as well as enhanced TNFα, OPG, SOST, and FGF23, and inhibited DKK1 gene expression. In conclusion, gene expression of human osteocyte-specific proteins and cytokines was affected by RA-serum, and exogenous recombinant cytokines treatment suggesting that osteocytes could provide a new target to prevent systemic inflammation-induced bone loss in RA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Janak L Pathak
- Department of Oral Cell Biology, Academic Centre for Dentistry Amsterdam (ACTA), University of Amsterdam and VU University Amsterdam, MOVE Research Institute Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
- Skeletal Biology and Engineering Research Center, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium.
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Pharmacology, School of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology (SPST), Tianjin University, Tianjin, China.
| | - Astrid D Bakker
- Department of Oral Cell Biology, Academic Centre for Dentistry Amsterdam (ACTA), University of Amsterdam and VU University Amsterdam, MOVE Research Institute Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Frank P Luyten
- Skeletal Biology and Engineering Research Center, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Patrick Verschueren
- Skeletal Biology and Engineering Research Center, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Willem F Lems
- Department of Rheumatology, VU University Medical Center, MOVE Research Institute Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Jenneke Klein-Nulend
- Department of Oral Cell Biology, Academic Centre for Dentistry Amsterdam (ACTA), University of Amsterdam and VU University Amsterdam, MOVE Research Institute Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Nathalie Bravenboer
- Department of Clinical Chemistry, VU University Medical Center, MOVE Research Institute Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
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Xu Y, Chu N, Qiu X, Gober HJ, Li D, Wang L. The interconnected role of chemokines and estrogen in bone metabolism. Biosci Trends 2016; 10:433-444. [DOI: 10.5582/bst.2016.01072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yingping Xu
- Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital of Fudan University
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Female Reproductive Endocrine-related Diseases
- Laboratory for Reproductive Immunology, Hospital & Institute of Obstetrics and Gynecology, IBS, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University
- The Academy of Integrative Medicine of Fudan University
| | - Nan Chu
- Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital of Fudan University
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Female Reproductive Endocrine-related Diseases
- Laboratory for Reproductive Immunology, Hospital & Institute of Obstetrics and Gynecology, IBS, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University
| | - Xuemin Qiu
- Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital of Fudan University
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Female Reproductive Endocrine-related Diseases
- Laboratory for Reproductive Immunology, Hospital & Institute of Obstetrics and Gynecology, IBS, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University
- The Academy of Integrative Medicine of Fudan University
| | | | - Dajin Li
- Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital of Fudan University
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Female Reproductive Endocrine-related Diseases
- Laboratory for Reproductive Immunology, Hospital & Institute of Obstetrics and Gynecology, IBS, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University
- The Academy of Integrative Medicine of Fudan University
| | - Ling Wang
- Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital of Fudan University
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Female Reproductive Endocrine-related Diseases
- Laboratory for Reproductive Immunology, Hospital & Institute of Obstetrics and Gynecology, IBS, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University
- The Academy of Integrative Medicine of Fudan University
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Teimourian M, Jafaraian Z, Hosseini SR, Rahmani M, Bagherzadeh M, Aghamajidi A, Bijani A, Nooreddini H, Mostafazadeh A. Both immune hormone IL-10 and parathormone tend to increase in serum of old osteoporotic people independently of 1, 25 dihydroxy vitamin D3. CASPIAN JOURNAL OF INTERNAL MEDICINE 2016; 7:283-289. [PMID: 27999647 PMCID: PMC5153521] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND In this study, we determined the serum levels of IL-17A and IL-10 in context with 1, 2 dihydroxy vitamin D3, parathormone and Ca2+/Pi ions to investigate their pathological or protective roles respectively in bone metabolism. METHODS The bone mineral density (BMD) was determined for 1203 participants using energy X-ray absorptiometry. Subjects with a history of diseases and using bone metabolism medications were excluded and finally serum IL-10 was measured in 82 osteoporotic and 74 healthy individuals (mean age ±SD of 71.04±6.9 and 68.58±6.9 respectively). Also, the serum level of IL-17A was assessed in 42 osteoporotic and 39 non-osteoporotic subjects (mean age±SD of 69.40±6.7 and 70.77±7.1, respectively). Serum levels of 1, 25-dihydroxyvitamin D3, Ca2+/Pi ions and parathormone were extracted from AHAP cohort data bank. RESULTS IL-17A was detectable in 7.42(16.67%) osteoporotic subjects and 3.39(7.69%) normal subjects. Surprisingly, patient subjects exhibited a higher level of serum IL-10 than normal subjects (P=0.023). We found that the serum parathormone levels tend to increase in patient group (P=0.003) in comparison to normal control with no correlation with Il-10 levels. There was no significant difference between the two groups in the serum levels of 1, 25-dihydroxyvitamin D3, Ca2+and Pi ions. CONCLUSION In reaction to chronic inflammation old osteoporotic patients independent of 1, 25 dihydroxy vitamin D3 may produce a higher level of IL-10 to dampen production of inflammatory cytokines including IL-17A which in turn leads to speeding up parathormone production ultimately reaching a new homeostasis status in bone metabolism with normal serum Ca2+ /Pi ions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamad Teimourian
- Social Determinants of Health Research Center, Health Research Institute, Babol University of Medical Sciences, Babol, Iran
| | - Zeinab Jafaraian
- Social Determinants of Health Research Center, Health Research Institute, Babol University of Medical Sciences, Babol, Iran
| | - Seyed-Reza Hosseini
- Immunology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Babol University of Medical Sciences, Babol, Iran.
| | - Mahsa Rahmani
- Immunology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Babol University of Medical Sciences, Babol, Iran.
| | - Mogjan Bagherzadeh
- Immunology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Babol University of Medical Sciences, Babol, Iran.
| | - Azin Aghamajidi
- Immunology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Babol University of Medical Sciences, Babol, Iran.
| | - Ali Bijani
- Non-Communicable Pediatric Diseases Research Center, Health Research Institute, Babol University of Medical Sciences, Babol, Iran
| | - Hajighorban Nooreddini
- Department of Radiology, Faculty of Medicine, Babol University of Medical Sciences, Babol, Iran
| | - Amrollah Mostafazadeh
- Cellular and Molecular Biology Research Center, Health Research Institute, Babol University of Medical Sciences, Babol, Iran.,Correspondence: Amrollah Mostafazadeh, Cellular and Molecular Biology Research Center, Health Research Institute, Babol University of Medical Sciences, Babol, Iran. E-mail: , Tel: 0098 , Fax: 0098 1132234650
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Dettin M, Zamuner A, Roso M, Gloria A, Iucci G, Messina GML, D'Amora U, Marletta G, Modesti M, Castagliuolo I, Brun P. Electrospun Scaffolds for Osteoblast Cells: Peptide-Induced Concentration-Dependent Improvements of Polycaprolactone. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0137505. [PMID: 26361004 PMCID: PMC4567138 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0137505] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2015] [Accepted: 08/18/2015] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The design of hybrid poly-ε-caprolactone (PCL)-self-assembling peptides (SAPs) matrices represents a simple method for the surface functionalization of synthetic scaffolds, which is essential for cell compatibility. This study investigates the influence of increasing concentrations (2.5%, 5%, 10% and 15% w/w SAP compared to PCL) of three different SAPs on the physico-chemical/mechanical and biological properties of PCL fibers. We demonstrated that physico-chemical surface characteristics were slightly improved at increasing SAP concentrations: the fiber diameter increased; surface wettability increased with the first SAP addition (2.5%) and slightly less for the following ones; SAP-surface density increased but no change in the conformation was registered. These results could allow engineering matrices with structural characteristics and desired wettability according to the needs and the cell system used. The biological and mechanical characteristics of these scaffolds showed a particular trend at increasing SAP concentrations suggesting a prevailing correlation between cell behavior and mechanical features of the matrices. As compared with bare PCL, SAP enrichment increased the number of metabolic active h-osteoblast cells, fostered the expression of specific osteoblast-related mRNA transcripts, and guided calcium deposition, revealing the potential application of PCL-SAP scaffolds for the maintenance of osteoblast phenotype.
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Affiliation(s)
- Monica Dettin
- Department of Industrial Engineering, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
- * E-mail:
| | - Annj Zamuner
- Department of Industrial Engineering, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - Martina Roso
- Department of Industrial Engineering, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - Antonio Gloria
- Institute of Polymers, Composites and Biomaterials—National Research Council of Italy, Naples, Italy
| | - Giovanna Iucci
- Department of Physics, University “Roma Tre”, Roma, Italy
| | | | - Ugo D'Amora
- Institute of Polymers, Composites and Biomaterials—National Research Council of Italy, Naples, Italy
| | | | - Michele Modesti
- Department of Industrial Engineering, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
| | | | - Paola Brun
- Department of Molecular Medicine, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
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Lu MC, Yu CL, Yu HC, Huang HB, Koo M, Lai NS. Anti-citrullinated protein antibodies promote apoptosis of mature human Saos-2 osteoblasts via cell-surface binding to citrullinated heat shock protein 60. Immunobiology 2015; 221:76-83. [PMID: 26275591 DOI: 10.1016/j.imbio.2015.07.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2015] [Revised: 07/21/2015] [Accepted: 07/23/2015] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
We hypothesized that anti-citrullinated protein antibodies (ACPAs) react with osteoblast surface citrullinated proteins and affect cell function, leading to joint damage in patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA). First, we purified ACPAs by cyclic citrullinated peptide (CCP)-conjugated affinity column chromatography. The cognate antigens of ACPAs on Saos-2 cells, a sarcoma osteogenic cell line generated from human osteoblasts, were probed by ACPAs, and the reactive bands were analyzed using proteomic analyses. We found that ACPAs bind to Saos-2 cell membrane, and several protein candidates, including HSP60, were identified. We then cloned and purified recombinant heat shock protein 60 (HSP60) and citrullinated HSP60 (citHSP60) and investigated the effect of ACPAs on Saos-2 cell. We confirmed that HSP60 obtained from Saos-2 cell membrane were citrullinated and reacted with ACPAs, which induces Saos-2 cells apoptosis via binding to surface-expressed citHSP60 through Toll-like receptor 4 signaling. ACPAs promoted interleukin (IL)-6 and IL-8 expression in Saos-2 cells. Finally, sera from patients with RA and healthy controls were examined for their titers of anti-HSP60 and anti-citHSP60 antibodies using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. The radiographic change in patients with RA was evaluated using the Genant-modified Sharp scoring system. Patients with RA showed higher sera titers of anti-citHSP60, but not anti-HSP60, antibodies when compared with controls. In addition, the anti-citHSP60 level was positively associated with increased joint damage in patients with RA. In conclusion, Saos-2 cell apoptosis was mediated by ACPAs via binding to cell surface-expressed citHSP60 and the titer of anti-citHSP60 in patients with RA positively associated with joint damage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ming-Chi Lu
- Division of Allergy, Immunology and Rheumatology, Dalin Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, Chiayi, Taiwan; School of Medicine, Tzu Chi University, Hualien, Taiwan
| | - Chia-Li Yu
- Department of Internal Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital and National Taiwan University College of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Hui-Chun Yu
- Division of Allergy, Immunology and Rheumatology, Dalin Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, Chiayi, Taiwan
| | - Hsien-Bin Huang
- Department of Life Science and Institute of Molecular Biology, National Chung Cheng University, Chiayi, Taiwan
| | - Malcolm Koo
- Department of Medical Research, Dalin Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, Chiayi, Taiwan; Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Ning-Sheng Lai
- Division of Allergy, Immunology and Rheumatology, Dalin Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, Chiayi, Taiwan; School of Medicine, Tzu Chi University, Hualien, Taiwan.
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