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Mulder PPG, Hooijmans CR, Vlig M, Middelkoop E, Joosten I, Koenen HJPM, Boekema BKHL. Kinetics of Inflammatory Mediators in the Immune Response to Burn Injury: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Animal Studies. J Invest Dermatol 2024; 144:669-696.e10. [PMID: 37806443 DOI: 10.1016/j.jid.2023.09.269] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2023] [Revised: 08/31/2023] [Accepted: 09/20/2023] [Indexed: 10/10/2023]
Abstract
Burns are often accompanied by a dysfunctional immune response, which can lead to systemic inflammation, shock, and excessive scarring. The objective of this study was to provide insight into inflammatory pathways associated with burn-related complications. Because detailed information on the various inflammatory mediators is scattered over individual studies, we systematically reviewed animal experimental data for all reported inflammatory mediators. Meta-analyses of 352 studies revealed a strong increase in cytokines, chemokines, and growth factors, particularly 19 mediators in blood and 12 in burn tissue. Temporal kinetics showed long-lasting surges of proinflammatory cytokines in blood and burn tissue. Significant time-dependent effects were seen for IL-1β, IL-6, TGF-β1, and CCL2. The response of anti-inflammatory mediators was limited. Burn technique had a profound impact on systemic response levels. Large burn size and scalds further increased systemic, but not local inflammation. Animal characteristics greatly affected inflammation, for example, IL-1β, IL-6, and TNF-α levels were highest in young, male rats. Time-dependent effects and dissimilarities in response demonstrate the importance of appropriate study design. Collectively, this review presents a general overview of the burn-induced immune response exposing inflammatory pathways that could be targeted through immunotherapy for burn patients and provides guidance for experimental set-ups to advance burn research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patrick P G Mulder
- Preclinical Research, Association of Dutch Burn Centres (ADBC), Beverwijk, The Netherlands; Laboratory of Medical Immunology, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands.
| | - Carlijn R Hooijmans
- Meta-Research Team, Department of Anesthesiology, Pain and Palliative Medicine, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Marcel Vlig
- Preclinical Research, Association of Dutch Burn Centres (ADBC), Beverwijk, The Netherlands
| | - Esther Middelkoop
- Preclinical Research, Association of Dutch Burn Centres (ADBC), Beverwijk, The Netherlands; Department of Plastic, Reconstructive and Hand Surgery, Amsterdam UMC location Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands; Tissue Function and Regeneration, Amsterdam Movement Sciences, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Irma Joosten
- Laboratory of Medical Immunology, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Hans J P M Koenen
- Laboratory of Medical Immunology, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Bouke K H L Boekema
- Preclinical Research, Association of Dutch Burn Centres (ADBC), Beverwijk, The Netherlands; Department of Plastic, Reconstructive and Hand Surgery, Amsterdam UMC location Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
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Fang Z, Lv Y, Zhang H, He Y, Gao H, Chen C, Wang D, Chen P, Tang S, Li J, Qiu Z, Shi X, Chen L, Yang J, Chen X. A multifunctional hydrogel loaded with two nanoagents improves the pathological microenvironment associated with radiation combined with skin wounds. Acta Biomater 2023; 159:111-127. [PMID: 36736645 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2023.01.052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2022] [Revised: 01/02/2023] [Accepted: 01/20/2023] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Persistent oxidative stress and recurring waves of inflammation with excessive reactive oxygen species (ROS) and free radical accumulation could be generated by radiation. Exposure to radiation in combination with physical injuries such as wound trauma would produce a more harmful set of medical complications, which was known as radiation combined with skin wounds (RCSWs). However, little attention has been given to RCSW research despite the unsatisfactory therapeutic outcomes. In this study, a dual-nanoagent-loaded multifunctional hydrogel was fabricated to ameliorate the pathological microenvironment associated with RCSWs. The injectable, adhesive, and self-healing hydrogel was prepared by crosslinking carbohydrazide-modified gelatin (Gel-CDH) and oxidized hyaluronic acid (OHA) through the Schiff-base reaction under mild condition. Polydopamine nanoparticles (PDA-NPs) and mesenchymal stem cell-secreted small extracellular vesicles (MSC-sEV) were loaded to relieve radiation-produced tissue inflammation and oxidation impairment and enhance cell vitality and angiogenesis individually or jointly. The proposed PDA-NPs@MSC-sEV hydrogel enhanced cell vitality, as shown by cell proliferation, migration, colony formation, and cell cycle and apoptosis assays in vitro, and promoted reepithelization by attenuating microenvironment pathology in vivo. Notably, a gene set enrichment analysis of proteomic data revealed significant enrichment with adipogenic and hypoxic pathways, which play prominent roles in wound repair. Specifically, target genes were predicted based on differential transcription factor expression. The results suggested that MSC-sEV- and PDA-NP-loaded multifunctional hydrogels may be promising nanotherapies for RCSWs. STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE: The small extracellular vesicle (sEV) has distinct advantages compared with MSCs, and polydopamine nanoparticles (PDA-NPs), known as the biological materials with good cell affinity and histocompatibility which have been reported to scavenge ROS free radicals. In this study, an adhesive, injectable, self-healing, antibacterial, ROS scavenging and amelioration of the radiation related microenvironment hydrogel encapsulating nanoscale particles of MSC-sEV and PDA-NPs (PDA-NPs@MSC-sEV hydrogel) was synthesized for promoting radiation combined with skin wounds (RCSWs). GSEA analysis profiled by proteomics data revealed significant enrichments in the regulations of adipogenic and hypoxic pathways with this multi-functional hydrogel. This is the first report of combining this two promising nanoscale agents for the special skin wounds associated with radiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhuoqun Fang
- Department of Plastic Surgery and Regenerative Medicine, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, Fuzhou 350001, China; Department of Plastic Surgery and Regenerative Medicine Institute, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou 350001, China; Engineering Research Center of Tissue and Organ Regeneration, Fujian Province University, 350001, China; Department of Stem Cell Research Institute, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou 350004, China
| | - Yicheng Lv
- College of Biological Science and Engineering, Fuzhou University, No. 2 Xueyuan Road, Fuzhou 350108, China; Fujian Key Laboratory of Medical Instrument and Pharmaceutical Technology, Fuzhou University, No. 2 Xueyuan Road, Fuzhou 350108, China
| | - Haoruo Zhang
- Department of Plastic Surgery and Regenerative Medicine, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, Fuzhou 350001, China; Department of Plastic Surgery and Regenerative Medicine Institute, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou 350001, China; Engineering Research Center of Tissue and Organ Regeneration, Fujian Province University, 350001, China; Department of Stem Cell Research Institute, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou 350004, China
| | - Yuxiang He
- College of Biological Science and Engineering, Fuzhou University, No. 2 Xueyuan Road, Fuzhou 350108, China; Fujian Key Laboratory of Medical Instrument and Pharmaceutical Technology, Fuzhou University, No. 2 Xueyuan Road, Fuzhou 350108, China
| | - Hangqi Gao
- Department of Plastic Surgery and Regenerative Medicine, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, Fuzhou 350001, China; Department of Plastic Surgery and Regenerative Medicine Institute, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou 350001, China; Engineering Research Center of Tissue and Organ Regeneration, Fujian Province University, 350001, China; Department of Stem Cell Research Institute, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou 350004, China
| | - Caixiang Chen
- Department of Plastic Surgery and Regenerative Medicine, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, Fuzhou 350001, China; Department of Plastic Surgery and Regenerative Medicine Institute, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou 350001, China; Engineering Research Center of Tissue and Organ Regeneration, Fujian Province University, 350001, China; Department of Stem Cell Research Institute, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou 350004, China
| | - Dezhi Wang
- Department of Plastic Surgery and Regenerative Medicine, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, Fuzhou 350001, China; Department of Plastic Surgery and Regenerative Medicine Institute, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou 350001, China; Engineering Research Center of Tissue and Organ Regeneration, Fujian Province University, 350001, China; Department of Stem Cell Research Institute, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou 350004, China
| | - Penghong Chen
- Department of Plastic Surgery and Regenerative Medicine, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, Fuzhou 350001, China; Department of Plastic Surgery and Regenerative Medicine Institute, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou 350001, China; Engineering Research Center of Tissue and Organ Regeneration, Fujian Province University, 350001, China; Department of Stem Cell Research Institute, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou 350004, China
| | - Shijie Tang
- Department of Plastic Surgery and Regenerative Medicine, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, Fuzhou 350001, China; Department of Plastic Surgery and Regenerative Medicine Institute, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou 350001, China; Engineering Research Center of Tissue and Organ Regeneration, Fujian Province University, 350001, China; Department of Stem Cell Research Institute, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou 350004, China
| | - Junjing Li
- Department of Plastic Surgery and Regenerative Medicine, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, Fuzhou 350001, China; Department of Plastic Surgery and Regenerative Medicine Institute, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou 350001, China; Engineering Research Center of Tissue and Organ Regeneration, Fujian Province University, 350001, China; Department of Breast Surgery, Quanzhou First Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Quanzhou 362000, China
| | - Zhihuang Qiu
- Engineering Research Center of Tissue and Organ Regeneration, Fujian Province University, 350001, China; Department of Cardiac Surgery, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, Fuzhou 350001, China
| | - Xian'ai Shi
- College of Biological Science and Engineering, Fuzhou University, No. 2 Xueyuan Road, Fuzhou 350108, China; Fujian Key Laboratory of Medical Instrument and Pharmaceutical Technology, Fuzhou University, No. 2 Xueyuan Road, Fuzhou 350108, China
| | - Liangwan Chen
- Engineering Research Center of Tissue and Organ Regeneration, Fujian Province University, 350001, China; Department of Cardiac Surgery, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, Fuzhou 350001, China.
| | - Jianmin Yang
- College of Biological Science and Engineering, Fuzhou University, No. 2 Xueyuan Road, Fuzhou 350108, China; Fujian Key Laboratory of Medical Instrument and Pharmaceutical Technology, Fuzhou University, No. 2 Xueyuan Road, Fuzhou 350108, China.
| | - Xiaosong Chen
- Department of Plastic Surgery and Regenerative Medicine, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, Fuzhou 350001, China; Department of Plastic Surgery and Regenerative Medicine Institute, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou 350001, China; Engineering Research Center of Tissue and Organ Regeneration, Fujian Province University, 350001, China.
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Sharma AK, Prasad A, Kalonia A, Shaw P, Kumar R, Shukla SK. Combined radiation burn injuries: A note. JOURNAL OF RADIOLOGICAL PROTECTION : OFFICIAL JOURNAL OF THE SOCIETY FOR RADIOLOGICAL PROTECTION 2022; 42:043502. [PMID: 36317279 DOI: 10.1088/1361-6498/ac9e61] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2022] [Accepted: 10/28/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Combined radiation injury occurs when radiation is accompanied by any other form of trauma. The past experiences of Hiroshima, Nagasaki, and Chernobyl have revealed that a large number of victims of such nuclear accidents or attacks suffer from combined radiation injuries. The possibility of a nuclear attack seems very far-fetched, but the destruction that would occur in such an event would be massive, with a huge lossof lives. Therefore, preparedness for the same should be done beforehand. The severity of combined radiation depends upon various factors, such as radiation dose, type, tissues affected, and traumas. The article focuses on combined radiation burn injury (CRBI) which may arise due to the combination of ionising radiation with thermal burns. CRBI can have varied effects on different organs like the hematopoietic, digestive, lymphatic, cardiovascular, and respiratory systems. Some of the most profound lethal effects are hematopoietic dysfunction, gastrointestinal leakage, bacterial translocation to other organ sites, pulmonary fibrosis, and pneumonitis. In this article, we have attempted to accumulate the knowledge of ongoing research on the functioning of different organ systems, which are affected due to CRBI and possible countermeasures to minimize the effects, thus improving survival.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ajay Kumar Sharma
- Institute of Nuclear Medicine & Allied Sciences, Defence Research and Development Organization, Lucknow Road, Timarpur, New Delhi 110054, India
| | - Ayushi Prasad
- Sri Venkateswara College, University of Delhi, Benito Juarez Road, Dhaula Kuan, New Delhi 110021, India
| | - Aman Kalonia
- Institute of Nuclear Medicine & Allied Sciences, Defence Research and Development Organization, Lucknow Road, Timarpur, New Delhi 110054, India
| | - Priyanka Shaw
- Institute of Nuclear Medicine & Allied Sciences, Defence Research and Development Organization, Lucknow Road, Timarpur, New Delhi 110054, India
| | - Rishav Kumar
- Institute of Nuclear Medicine & Allied Sciences, Defence Research and Development Organization, Lucknow Road, Timarpur, New Delhi 110054, India
| | - Sandeep Kumar Shukla
- Institute of Nuclear Medicine & Allied Sciences, Defence Research and Development Organization, Lucknow Road, Timarpur, New Delhi 110054, India
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Jia M, Wang Z. MicroRNAs as Biomarkers for Ionizing Radiation Injury. Front Cell Dev Biol 2022; 10:861451. [PMID: 35309926 PMCID: PMC8927810 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2022.861451] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2022] [Accepted: 02/15/2022] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Accidental radiation exposures such as industrial accidents and nuclear catastrophes pose a threat to human health, and the potential or substantial injury caused by ionizing radiation (IR) from medical treatment that cannot be ignored. Although the mechanisms of IR-induced damage to various organs have been gradually investigated, medical treatment of irradiated individuals is still based on clinical symptoms. Hence, minimally invasive biomarkers that can predict radiation damage are urgently needed for appropriate medical management after radiation exposure. In the field of radiation biomarker, finding molecular biomarkers to assess different levels of radiation damage is an important direction. In recent years, microRNAs have been widely reported as several diseases’ biomarkers, such as cancer and cardiovascular diseases, and microRNAs are also of interest to the ionizing radiation field as radiation response molecules, thus researchers are turning attention to the potential of microRNAs as biomarkers in tumor radiation response and the radiation toxicity prediction of normal tissues. In this review, we summarize the distribution of microRNAs, the progress on research of microRNAs as markers of IR, and make a hypothesis about the origin and destination of microRNAs in vivo after IR.
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Walsh SA, Hoyt BW, Rowe CJ, Dey D, Davis TA. Alarming Cargo: The Role of Exosomes in Trauma-Induced Inflammation. Biomolecules 2021; 11:biom11040522. [PMID: 33807302 PMCID: PMC8065643 DOI: 10.3390/biom11040522] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2020] [Revised: 03/26/2021] [Accepted: 03/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Severe polytraumatic injury initiates a robust immune response. Broad immune dysfunction in patients with such injuries has been well-documented; however, early biomarkers of immune dysfunction post-injury, which are critical for comprehensive intervention and can predict the clinical course of patients, have not been reported. Current circulating markers such as IL-6 and IL-10 are broad, non-specific, and lag behind the clinical course of patients. General blockade of the inflammatory response is detrimental to patients, as a certain degree of regulated inflammation is critical and necessary following trauma. Exosomes, small membrane-bound extracellular vesicles, found in a variety of biofluids, carry within them a complex functional cargo, comprised of coding and non-coding RNAs, proteins, and metabolites. Composition of circulating exosomal cargo is modulated by changes in the intra- and extracellular microenvironment, thereby serving as a homeostasis sensor. With its extensively documented involvement in immune regulation in multiple pathologies, study of exosomal cargo in polytrauma patients can provide critical insights on trauma-specific, temporal immune dysregulation, with tremendous potential to serve as unique biomarkers and therapeutic targets for timely and precise intervention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah A. Walsh
- USU Walter Reed Surgery, Uniformed Services University, Bethesda, MD 20814, USA; (S.A.W.); (B.W.H.); (C.J.R.); (D.D.)
| | - Benjamin W. Hoyt
- USU Walter Reed Surgery, Uniformed Services University, Bethesda, MD 20814, USA; (S.A.W.); (B.W.H.); (C.J.R.); (D.D.)
| | - Cassie J. Rowe
- USU Walter Reed Surgery, Uniformed Services University, Bethesda, MD 20814, USA; (S.A.W.); (B.W.H.); (C.J.R.); (D.D.)
- Henry M. Jackson Foundation for the Advancement of Military Medicine, Inc., Bethesda, MD 20817, USA
| | - Devaveena Dey
- USU Walter Reed Surgery, Uniformed Services University, Bethesda, MD 20814, USA; (S.A.W.); (B.W.H.); (C.J.R.); (D.D.)
- Henry M. Jackson Foundation for the Advancement of Military Medicine, Inc., Bethesda, MD 20817, USA
| | - Thomas A. Davis
- USU Walter Reed Surgery, Uniformed Services University, Bethesda, MD 20814, USA; (S.A.W.); (B.W.H.); (C.J.R.); (D.D.)
- Correspondence:
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Małachowska B, Tomasik B, Stawiski K, Kulkarni S, Guha C, Chowdhury D, Fendler W. Circulating microRNAs as Biomarkers of Radiation Exposure: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2020; 106:390-402. [PMID: 31655196 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2019.10.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2019] [Revised: 10/13/2019] [Accepted: 10/18/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE MicroRNAs (miRNAs) were hypothesized to be robust and easily measured biomarkers of radiation exposure, which has led to multiple studies in various clinical and experimental scenarios. We sought to identify evolutionary conserved, radiation-induced circulating miRNAs through a multispecies, integrative systematic review and meta-analysis of miRNAs in radiation. METHODS AND MATERIALS The systematic review was registered in the PROSPERO database (ID: 81701). We downloaded a list of studies with the query: (circulating OR plasma OR serum) AND (miRNA or microRNA) AND (radiat* OR radiotherapy OR irradiati*) from MEDLINE (103 studies), EMBASE (364 studies), and Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews (0 studies). After deleting 116 duplicates, the remaining 351 abstracts were reviewed. Inclusion criteria were experimental study; human, mice, rat or nonhuman primate study; and serum or plasma miRNA expression measured before and after radiation exposure. RESULTS The screening procedure yielded 62 research studies. After verification, 30 articles contained data on miRNA expression change after irradiation. Thus, we obtained a database of 131 miRNAs from 96 pairwise post-/preirradiation comparisons reporting 2508 fold changes (FCs) of circulating miRNAs. The meta-analysis showed 28 miRNAs with significant radiation-induced change of their expression in the serum. In metaregression analysis, 7 miRNAs-miR-150 (FC = 0.40; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.35-0.45), miR-29a (FC = 0.87; 95% CI, 0.79-0.96), miR-29b (FC = 0.85; 95% CI, 0.76-0.96), miR-30c (FC = 1.19; 95% CI, 1.09-1.30), miR-200b (FC = 1.34; 95% CI, 1.21-1.48), miR-320a (FC = 1.13; 95% CI, 1.05-1.23), and miR-30a (FC = 1.18; 95% CI, 1.07-1.30)-significantly correlated with either total or fraction dose of radiation. Additionally, miR-150, miR-320a, miR-200b, and miR-30c correlated significantly with time elapsed since irradiation. CONCLUSIONS Circulating miRNAs reflect the impact of ionizing radiation irrespective of the studied species, often in a dose-dependent manner. This makes circulating miRNAs promising biomarkers of radiation exposure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Beata Małachowska
- Department of Biostatistics and Translational Medicine, Medical University of Lodz, Lodz, Poland
| | - Bartłomiej Tomasik
- Department of Biostatistics and Translational Medicine, Medical University of Lodz, Lodz, Poland; Postgraduate School of Molecular Medicine, Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Konrad Stawiski
- Department of Biostatistics and Translational Medicine, Medical University of Lodz, Lodz, Poland
| | - Shilpa Kulkarni
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York
| | - Chandan Guha
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York
| | - Dipanjan Chowdhury
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Harvard Medical School, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Wojciech Fendler
- Department of Biostatistics and Translational Medicine, Medical University of Lodz, Lodz, Poland; Department of Radiation Oncology, Harvard Medical School, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts.
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Chen Y, Zhang Q, Wu Y, Branch-Brooks CD, Butler CE. Short-term influences of radiation on musculofascial healing in a laparotomy rat model. Sci Rep 2019; 9:11896. [PMID: 31417127 PMCID: PMC6695398 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-48201-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2019] [Accepted: 07/30/2019] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Preoperative radiation is associated with an increased risk of wound complications. However, the influences of radiation on musculofascial wound healing remains unclear. The purpose of the study was to investigate the short-term effects of preoperative local radiation on the musculofascial healing of laparotomy incisions in a rat model. Eighteen Fischer 344 rats received radiation doses of 0, 10, or 20 Gy to the abdominal wall and underwent laparotomy 4 weeks later. Two weeks after laparotomy, samples of irradiated muscle were harvested for mechanical tests, histological (Hematoxylin & Eosin, and Masson's Trichrome) and immunohistochemical analyses using KI67, CD31, TGF-β, and MYOD1 antibodies. The elastic modulus (EM), maximum strain (MS), and ultimate tensile strength (UTS) in the 20-Gy group were significantly weaker than those in the 0-Gy group. The EM and UTS in the 20-Gy group were significantly lower than those in the 10-Gy group. The UTS and MS in the 10-Gy group were significantly lower than those in the 0-Gy group. The mean number of inflammatory cells per mm2 in the 20-Gy group was significantly larger than those in the 10- and 0-Gy groups. The mean numbers of CD31-, KI67-, and MYOD1-positive cells, the optical density of TGF-β, and the microvessel density in the 20-Gy group were significantly smaller than those in the 10- and 0-Gy groups. These results indicated that radiation delays musculofascial healing and decreases mechanical strength of the laparotomy incision by creating a chronic inflammatory environment, inhibiting cell proliferation, angiogenesis, granulation maturation, collagen deposition, and muscular regeneration in a dose-dependent manner. The impaired biomechanical, histological and molecular properties may be associated with the higher risk of wound complications in patients who undergo radiotherapy prior to laparotomy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Youbai Chen
- Department of Plastic Surgery, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, 77030, USA.,Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, First Medical Center, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, 100853, China
| | - Qixu Zhang
- Department of Plastic Surgery, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Yewen Wu
- Department of Plastic Surgery, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Cynthia D Branch-Brooks
- Department of Plastic Surgery, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Charles E Butler
- Department of Plastic Surgery, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, 77030, USA.
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Kiang JG, Smith JT, Anderson MN, Umali MV, Ho C, Zhai M, Lin B, Jiang S. A novel therapy, using Ghrelin with pegylated G-CSF, inhibits brain hemorrhage from ionizing radiation or combined radiation injury. PHARMACY & PHARMACOLOGY INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL 2019; 7:133-145. [PMID: 34368440 PMCID: PMC8341084 DOI: 10.15406/ppij.2019.07.00243] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Medical treatment becomes challenging when complicated injuries arise from secondary reactive metabolic and inflammatory products induced by initial acute ionizing radiation injury (RI) or when combined with subsequent trauma insult(s) (CI). With such detrimental effects on many organs, CI exacerbates the severity of primary injuries and decreases survival. Previously, in a novel study, we reported that ghrelin therapy significantly improved survival after CI. This study aimed to investigate whether brain hemorrhage induced by RI and CI could be inhibited by ghrelin therapy with pegylated G-CSF (i.e., Neulasta®, an FDA-approved drug). B6D2F1 female mice were exposed to 9.5 Gy 60Co-γ-radiation followed by 15% total-skin surface wound. Several endpoints were measured at several days. Brain hemorrhage and platelet depletion were observed in RI and CI mice. Brain hemorrhage severity was significantly higher in CI mice than in RI mice. Ghrelin therapy with pegylated G-CSF reduced the severity in brains of both RI and CI mice. RI and CI did not alter PARP and NF-κB but did significantly reduce PGC-1α and ghrelin receptors; the therapy, however, was able to partially recover ghrelin receptors. RI and CI significantly increased IL-6, KC, Eotaxin, G-CSF, MIP-2, MCP-1, MIP-1α, but significantly decreased IL-2, IL-9, IL-10, MIG, IFN-γ, and PDGF-bb; the therapy inhibited these changes. RI and CI significantly reduced platelet numbers, cellular ATP levels, NRF1/2, and AKT phosphorylation. The therapy significantly mitigated these CI-induced changes and reduced p53-mdm2 mediated caspase-3 activation. Our data are the first to support the view that Ghrelin therapy with pegylated G-CSF is potentially a novel therapy for treating brain hemorrhage after RI and CI.
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Affiliation(s)
- J G Kiang
- Radiation Combined Injury Program, Scientific Research Department, Armed Forces Radiobiology Research Institute, USA
- Department of Medicine, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, USA
- Department of Pharmacology and Molecular Therapeutics, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, USA
| | - J T Smith
- Radiation Combined Injury Program, Scientific Research Department, Armed Forces Radiobiology Research Institute, USA
| | - M N Anderson
- Radiation Combined Injury Program, Scientific Research Department, Armed Forces Radiobiology Research Institute, USA
| | - M V Umali
- Radiation Combined Injury Program, Scientific Research Department, Armed Forces Radiobiology Research Institute, USA
| | - C Ho
- Department of Biochemistry, University of California, USA
| | - M Zhai
- Radiation Combined Injury Program, Scientific Research Department, Armed Forces Radiobiology Research Institute, USA
| | - B Lin
- Radiation Combined Injury Program, Scientific Research Department, Armed Forces Radiobiology Research Institute, USA
| | - S Jiang
- Radiation Combined Injury Program, Scientific Research Department, Armed Forces Radiobiology Research Institute, USA
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9
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The critical role of microRNAs in stress response: Therapeutic prospect and limitation. Pharmacol Res 2018; 142:294-302. [PMID: 30553824 DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2018.12.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2018] [Revised: 12/07/2018] [Accepted: 12/10/2018] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Stress response refers to the systemic nonspecific response upon exposure to strong stimulation or chronic stress, such as severe trauma, shock, infection, burn, major surgery or improper environment, which disturb organisms and damage their physical and psychological health. However, the pathogenesis of stress induced disorder remains complicated and diverse under different stress exposure. Recently, studies have revealed a specific role of microRNAs (miRNAs) in regulating cellular function under different types of stress, suggesting a significant role in the treatment and prevention of stress-related diseases, such as stress ulcer, posttraumatic stress disorder, stress-induced cardiomyopathy and so on. This paper have reviewed the literature on microRNA related stress diseases in different databases including PubMed, Web of Science, and the MiRbase. It considers only peer-reviewed papers published in English between 2004 and 2018. This review summarizes new advances in principles and mechanisms of miRNAs regulating stress signalling pathway and the role of miRNAs in human stress diseases. This comprehensive review is to provide an integrated account of how different stresses affect miRNAs and how stress-miRNA pathways may, in turn, be linked with disease, which offers some potential strategies for stress disorder treatment. Furthermore, the limitation of current studies and challenges for clinical use are discussed.
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Exosome-packaged miR-1246 contributes to bystander DNA damage by targeting LIG4. Br J Cancer 2018; 119:492-502. [PMID: 30038324 PMCID: PMC6134031 DOI: 10.1038/s41416-018-0192-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2018] [Revised: 06/22/2018] [Accepted: 06/27/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Background An increasing number of studies have recently reported that
microRNAs packaged in exosomes contribute to multiple biological processes such as
cancer progression; however, little is known about their role in the development
of radiation-induced bystander effects. Methods The exosomes were isolated from the culture medium of BEP2D cells
with or without γ-ray irradiation by ultracentrifugation. To monitor DNA damage
and repair efficiency, the DNA double-strand break biomarker 53BP1 foci, comet,
micronuclei, expression of DNA repair genes and NHEJ repair activity were
detected. The miR-1246 targeting sequence of the DNA ligase 4 (LIG4) mRNA 3′UTR was assessed by luciferase reporter
vectors. Results miR-1246 was increased in exosomes secreted from 2 Gy-irradiated
BEP2D cells and inhibited the proliferation of nonirradiated cells. The miR-1246
mimic, exosomes from irradiated cells, and radiation-conditioned cell culture
medium increased the yields of 53BP1 foci, comet tail and micronuclei in
nonirradiated cells, and decreased NHEJ efficiency. miR-1246 downregulated LIG4
expression by directly targeting its 3′UTR. Conclusions Our findings demonstrate that miR-1246 packaged in exosomes could
act as a transfer messenger and contribute to DNA damage by directly repressing
the LIG4 gene. Exosomal miR-1246 may be a
critical predictor of and player in radiation-induced bystander DNA damage.
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Ghrelin Therapy Decreases Incidents of Intracranial Hemorrhage in Mice after Whole-Body Ionizing Irradiation Combined with Burn Trauma. Int J Mol Sci 2017; 18:ijms18081693. [PMID: 28771181 PMCID: PMC5578083 DOI: 10.3390/ijms18081693] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2017] [Revised: 07/17/2017] [Accepted: 07/27/2017] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Nuclear industrial accidents and the detonation of nuclear devices cause a variety of damaging factors which, when their impacts are combined, produce complicated injuries challenging for medical treatment. Thus, trauma following acute ionizing irradiation (IR) can deteriorate the IR-induced secondary reactive metabolic and inflammatory impacts to dose-limiting tissues, such as bone marrow/lymphatic, gastrointestinal tissues, and vascular endothelial tissues, exacerbating the severity of the primary injury and decreasing survival from the exposure. Previously we first reported that ghrelin therapy effectively improved survival by mitigating leukocytopenia, thrombocytopenia, and bone-marrow injury resulting from radiation combined with burn trauma. This study was aimed at investigating whether radiation combined with burn trauma induced the cerebro-vascular impairment and intracranial hemorrhage that could be reversed by ghrelin therapy. When B6D2F1 female mice were exposed to 9.5 Gy Cobalt-60 γ-radiation followed by 15% total skin surface burn, cerebro-vascular impairment and intracranial hemorrhage as well as platelet depletion were observed. Ghrelin treatment after irradiation combined with burn trauma significantly decreased platelet depletion and brain hemorrhage. The results suggest that ghrelin treatment is an effective therapy for ionizing radiation combined with burn trauma.
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Pannkuk EL, Fornace AJ, Laiakis EC. Metabolomic applications in radiation biodosimetry: exploring radiation effects through small molecules. Int J Radiat Biol 2017; 93:1151-1176. [PMID: 28067089 DOI: 10.1080/09553002.2016.1269218] [Citation(s) in RCA: 78] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Exposure of the general population to ionizing radiation has increased in the past decades, primarily due to long distance travel and medical procedures. On the other hand, accidental exposures, nuclear accidents, and elevated threats of terrorism with the potential detonation of a radiological dispersal device or improvised nuclear device in a major city, all have led to increased needs for rapid biodosimetry and assessment of exposure to different radiation qualities and scenarios. Metabolomics, the qualitative and quantitative assessment of small molecules in a given biological specimen, has emerged as a promising technology to allow for rapid determination of an individual's exposure level and metabolic phenotype. Advancements in mass spectrometry techniques have led to untargeted (discovery phase, global assessment) and targeted (quantitative phase) methods not only to identify biomarkers of radiation exposure, but also to assess general perturbations of metabolism with potential long-term consequences, such as cancer, cardiovascular, and pulmonary disease. CONCLUSIONS Metabolomics of radiation exposure has provided a highly informative snapshot of metabolic dysregulation. Biomarkers in easily accessible biofluids and biospecimens (urine, blood, saliva, sebum, fecal material) from mouse, rat, and minipig models, to non-human primates and humans have provided the basis for determination of a radiation signature to assess the need for medical intervention. Here we provide a comprehensive description of the current status of radiation metabolomic studies for the purpose of rapid high-throughput radiation biodosimetry in easily accessible biofluids and discuss future directions of radiation metabolomics research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Evan L Pannkuk
- a Tumor Biology Program , Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center, Georgetown University , Washington DC , USA
| | - Albert J Fornace
- b Molecular Oncology , Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center, Georgetown University , Washington DC , USA.,c Department of Biochemistry and Molecular and Cellular Biology , Georgetown University , Washington DC , USA
| | - Evagelia C Laiakis
- c Department of Biochemistry and Molecular and Cellular Biology , Georgetown University , Washington DC , USA
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Singh VK, Newman VL, Romaine PL, Hauer-Jensen M, Pollard HB. Use of biomarkers for assessing radiation injury and efficacy of countermeasures. Expert Rev Mol Diagn 2015; 16:65-81. [PMID: 26568096 PMCID: PMC4732464 DOI: 10.1586/14737159.2016.1121102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 73] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Several candidate drugs for acute radiation syndrome (ARS) have been identified that have low toxicity and significant radioprotective and radiomitigative efficacy. Inasmuch as exposing healthy human volunteers to injurious levels of radiation is unethical, development and approval of new radiation countermeasures for ARS are therefore presently based on animal studies and Phase I safety study in healthy volunteers. The Animal Efficacy Rule, which underlies the Food and Drug Administration approval pathway, requires a sound understanding of the mechanisms of injury, drug efficacy, and efficacy biomarkers. In this context, it is important to identify biomarkers for radiation injury and drug efficacy that can extrapolate animal efficacy results, and can be used to convert drug doses deduced from animal studies to those that can be efficacious when used in humans. Here, we summarize the progress of studies to identify candidate biomarkers for the extent of radiation injury and for evaluation of countermeasure efficacy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vijay K Singh
- a F. Edward Hébert School of Medicine 'America's Medical School' , Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences , Bethesda , MD , USA.,b Armed Forces Radiobiology Research Institute , Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences , Bethesda , MD , USA
| | - Victoria L Newman
- a F. Edward Hébert School of Medicine 'America's Medical School' , Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences , Bethesda , MD , USA.,b Armed Forces Radiobiology Research Institute , Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences , Bethesda , MD , USA
| | - Patricia Lp Romaine
- a F. Edward Hébert School of Medicine 'America's Medical School' , Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences , Bethesda , MD , USA.,b Armed Forces Radiobiology Research Institute , Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences , Bethesda , MD , USA
| | - Martin Hauer-Jensen
- c Departments of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Surgery, and Pathology , University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences and Central Arkansas Veterans Healthcare Systems , Little Rock , AR , USA
| | - Harvey B Pollard
- a F. Edward Hébert School of Medicine 'America's Medical School' , Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences , Bethesda , MD , USA
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