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Gancheva MR, Kremer K, Breen J, Arthur A, Hamilton-Bruce A, Thomas P, Gronthos S, Koblar S. Effect of Octamer-Binding Transcription Factor 4 Overexpression on the Neural Induction of Human Dental Pulp Stem Cells. Stem Cell Rev Rep 2024; 20:797-815. [PMID: 38316679 PMCID: PMC10984899 DOI: 10.1007/s12015-024-10678-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/08/2024] [Indexed: 02/07/2024]
Abstract
Stem cell-based therapy is a potential alternative strategy for brain repair, with neural stem cells (NSC) presenting as the most promising candidates. Obtaining sufficient quantities of NSC for clinical applications is challenging, therefore alternative cell types, such as neural crest-derived dental pulp stem cells (DPSC), may be considered. Human DPSC possess neurogenic potential, exerting positive effects in the damaged brain through paracrine effects. However, a method for conversion of DPSC into NSC has yet to be developed. Here, overexpression of octamer-binding transcription factor 4 (OCT4) in combination with neural inductive conditions was used to reprogram human DPSC along the neural lineage. The reprogrammed DPSC demonstrated a neuronal-like phenotype, with increased expression levels of neural markers, limited capacity for sphere formation, and enhanced neuronal but not glial differentiation. Transcriptomic analysis further highlighted the expression of genes associated with neural and neuronal functions. In vivo analysis using a developmental avian model showed that implanted DPSC survived in the developing central nervous system and respond to endogenous signals, displaying neuronal phenotypes. Therefore, OCT4 enhances the neural potential of DPSC, which exhibited characteristics aligning with neuronal progenitors. This method can be used to standardise DPSC neural induction and provide an alternative source of neural cell types.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria R Gancheva
- Adelaide Medical School, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, 5005, Australia.
- School of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, Engineering and Technology, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, 5005, Australia.
| | - Karlea Kremer
- Adelaide Medical School, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, 5005, Australia
| | - James Breen
- Adelaide Medical School, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, 5005, Australia
- School of Biomedicine, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, 5005, Australia
| | - Agnes Arthur
- School of Biomedicine, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, 5005, Australia
| | - Anne Hamilton-Bruce
- Adelaide Medical School, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, 5005, Australia
- Stroke Research Programme, Basil Hetzel Institute, The Queen Elizabeth Hospital, Central Adelaide Local Health Network, Woodville South, 5011, Australia
| | - Paul Thomas
- School of Biomedicine, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, 5005, Australia
- South Australian Health and Medical Research Institute, Adelaide, 5000, Australia
| | - Stan Gronthos
- School of Biomedicine, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, 5005, Australia
- South Australian Health and Medical Research Institute, Adelaide, 5000, Australia
| | - Simon Koblar
- Adelaide Medical School, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, 5005, Australia
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Ivanov AA, Kuznetsova AV, Popova OP, Danilova TI, Latyshev AV, Yanushevich OO. Influence of Extracellular Matrix Components on the Differentiation of Periodontal Ligament Stem Cells in Collagen I Hydrogel. Cells 2023; 12:2335. [PMID: 37830549 PMCID: PMC10571948 DOI: 10.3390/cells12192335] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2023] [Revised: 09/07/2023] [Accepted: 09/19/2023] [Indexed: 10/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Regeneration of periodontal tissues requires an integrated approach to the restoration of the periodontal ligament, cementum, and alveolar bone surrounding the teeth. Current strategies in endogenous regenerative dentistry widely use biomaterials, in particular the decellularized extracellular matrix (dECM), to facilitate the recruitment of populations of resident cells into damaged tissues and stimulate their proliferation and differentiation. The purpose of our study was to evaluate the effect of the exogenous components of the extracellular matrix (hyaluronic acid, laminin, fibronectin) on the differentiation of periodontal ligament stem cells (PDLSCs) cultured with dECM (combinations of decellularized tooth matrices and periodontal ligament) in a 3D collagen I hydrogel. The immunohistochemical expression of various markers in PDLSCs was assessed quantitatively and semi-quantitatively on paraffin sections. The results showed that PDLSCs cultured under these conditions for 14 days exhibited phenotypic characteristics consistent with osteoblast-like and odontoblast-like cells. This potential has been demonstrated by the expression of osteogenic differentiation markers (OC, OPN, ALP) and odontogenic markers (DSPP). This phenomenon corresponds to the in vivo state of the periodontal ligament, in which cells at the interface between bone and cementum tend to differentiate into osteoblasts or cementoblasts. The addition of fibronectin to the dECM most effectively induces the differentiation of PDLSCs into osteoblast-like and odontoblast-like cells under 3D culture conditions. Therefore, this bioengineered construct has a high potential for future use in periodontal tissue regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexey A. Ivanov
- Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Pathology, A.I. Evdokimov Moscow State University of Medicine and Dentistry, 20 Delegatskaya Str., 127473 Moscow, Russia; (A.V.K.); (O.P.P.); (T.I.D.); (A.V.L.)
| | - Alla V. Kuznetsova
- Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Pathology, A.I. Evdokimov Moscow State University of Medicine and Dentistry, 20 Delegatskaya Str., 127473 Moscow, Russia; (A.V.K.); (O.P.P.); (T.I.D.); (A.V.L.)
- Koltzov Institute of Developmental Biology, Russian Academy of Sciences, 26 Vavilov Str., 119334 Moscow, Russia
| | - Olga P. Popova
- Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Pathology, A.I. Evdokimov Moscow State University of Medicine and Dentistry, 20 Delegatskaya Str., 127473 Moscow, Russia; (A.V.K.); (O.P.P.); (T.I.D.); (A.V.L.)
| | - Tamara I. Danilova
- Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Pathology, A.I. Evdokimov Moscow State University of Medicine and Dentistry, 20 Delegatskaya Str., 127473 Moscow, Russia; (A.V.K.); (O.P.P.); (T.I.D.); (A.V.L.)
| | - Andrey V. Latyshev
- Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Pathology, A.I. Evdokimov Moscow State University of Medicine and Dentistry, 20 Delegatskaya Str., 127473 Moscow, Russia; (A.V.K.); (O.P.P.); (T.I.D.); (A.V.L.)
| | - Oleg O. Yanushevich
- Department of Periodontology, A.I. Evdokimov Moscow State University of Medicine and Dentistry, 20 Delegatskaya Str., 127473 Moscow, Russia;
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Comparison of SOX2 and POU5F1 Gene Expression in Leukapheresis-Derived CD34+ Cells before and during Cell Culture. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24044186. [PMID: 36835597 PMCID: PMC9962001 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24044186] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2023] [Revised: 02/18/2023] [Accepted: 02/18/2023] [Indexed: 02/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Bone marrow is an abundant source of both hematopoietic as well as non-hematopoietic stem cells. Embryonic, fetal and stem cells located in tissues (adipose tissue, skin, myocardium and dental pulp) express core transcription factors, including the SOX2, POU5F1 and NANOG gene responsible for regeneration, proliferation and differentiation into daughter cells. The aim of the study was to examine the expression of SOX2 and POU5F1 genes in CD34-positive peripheral blood stem cells (CD34+ PBSCs) and to analyze the influence of cell culture on the expression of SOX2 and POU5F1 genes. The study material consisted of bone marrow-derived stem cells isolated by using leukapheresis from 40 hematooncology patients. Cells obtained in this process were subject to cytometric analysis to determine the content of CD34+ cells. CD34-positive cell separation was conducted using MACS separation. Cell cultures were set, and RNA was isolated. Real-time PCR was conducted in order to evaluate the expression of SOX2 and POU5F1 genes and the obtained data were subject to statistical analysis. We identified the expression of SOX2 and POU5F1 genes in the examined cells and demonstrated a statistically significant (p < 0.05) change in their expression in cell cultures. Short-term cell cultures (<6 days) were associated with an increase in the expression of SOX2 and POU5F1 genes. Thus, short-term cultivation of transplanted stem cells could be used to induce pluripotency, leading to better therapeutic effects.
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Differential Effects of Extracellular Matrix Glycoproteins Fibronectin and Laminin-5 on Dental Pulp Stem Cell Phenotypes and Responsiveness. J Funct Biomater 2023; 14:jfb14020091. [PMID: 36826890 PMCID: PMC9963712 DOI: 10.3390/jfb14020091] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2023] [Revised: 01/31/2023] [Accepted: 02/03/2023] [Indexed: 02/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Dental pulp stem cells (DPSCs) are mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) with the potential to differentiate in a limited number of other tissue types. Some evidence has suggested the modulation of DPSC growth may be mediated, in part, by exogenous extracellular matrix (ECM) glycoproteins, including fibronectin (FN) and laminin-5 (LN5). Although preliminary research suggests that some ECM glycoproteins may work as functional biomaterials to modulate DPSC growth responses, the primary goal of this project is to determine the specific effects of FN and LN5 on DPSC growth and viability. Using an existing DPSC repository, n = 16 DPSC isolates were cultured and 96-well growth assays were performed, which revealed FN, LN5 and the combination of these were sufficient to induce statistically significant changes in growth among five (n = 5) DPSC isolates. In addition, the administration of FN (either alone or in combination) was sufficient to induce the expression of alkaline phosphatase (ALP) and dentin sialophosphoprotein (DSPP), while LN5 induced the expression of ALP only, suggesting differential responsiveness among DPSCs. Moreover, these responses appeared to correlate with the expression of MSC biomarkers NANOG, Oct4 and Sox2. These results add to the growing body of evidence suggesting that functional biomaterials, such as ECM glycoproteins FN and LN5, are sufficient to induce phenotypic and differentiation-specific effects in a specific subset of DPSC isolates. More research will be needed to determine which biomarkers or additional factors are necessary and sufficient to induce the differentiation and development of DPSCs ex vivo and in vitro for biomedical applications.
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Sramkó B, Földes A, Kádár K, Varga G, Zsembery Á, Pircs K. The Wisdom in Teeth: Neuronal Differentiation of Dental Pulp Cells. Cell Reprogram 2023; 25:32-44. [PMID: 36719998 PMCID: PMC9963504 DOI: 10.1089/cell.2022.0102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Mesenchymal stem/stromal cells (MSCs) are found in almost all postnatal organs. Under appropriate environmental cues, multipotency enables MSCs to serve as progenitors for several lineage-specific, differentiated cell types. In vitro expansion and differentiation of MSCs give the opportunity to obtain hardly available somatic cells, such as neurons. The neurogenic potential of MSCs makes them a promising, autologous source to restore damaged tissue and as such, they have received much attention in the field of regenerative medicine. Several stem cell pool candidates have been studied thus far, but only a few of them showed neurogenic differentiation potential. Due to their embryonic ontology, stem cells residing in the stroma of the dental pulp chamber are an exciting source for in vitro neural cell differentiation. In this study, we review the key properties of dental pulp stem cells (DPSCs), with a particular focus on their neurogenic potential. Moreover, we summarize the various presently available methods used for neural differentiation of human DPSCs also emphasizing the difficulties in reproducibly high production of such cells. We postulate that because DPSCs are stem cells with very close ontology to neurogenic lineages, they may serve as excellent targets for neuronal differentiation in vitro and even for direct reprogramming.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bendegúz Sramkó
- HCEMM-SU Neurobiology and Neurodegenerative Diseases Research Group, Budapest, Hungary.,Institute of Translational Medicine, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Anna Földes
- Department of Oral Biology, Faculty of Dentistry, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Kristóf Kádár
- Department of Oral Biology, Faculty of Dentistry, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Gábor Varga
- Department of Oral Biology, Faculty of Dentistry, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Ákos Zsembery
- Department of Oral Biology, Faculty of Dentistry, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Karolina Pircs
- HCEMM-SU Neurobiology and Neurodegenerative Diseases Research Group, Budapest, Hungary.,Institute of Translational Medicine, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary.,Laboratory of Molecular Neurogenetics, Department of Experimental Medical Science, Wallenberg Neuroscience Center and Lund Stem Cell Center, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
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Lott K, Collier P, Ringor M, Howard KM, Kingsley K. Administration of Epidermal Growth Factor (EGF) and Basic Fibroblast Growth Factor (bFGF) to Induce Neural Differentiation of Dental Pulp Stem Cells (DPSC) Isolates. Biomedicines 2023; 11:biomedicines11020255. [PMID: 36830791 PMCID: PMC9953474 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines11020255] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2022] [Revised: 01/16/2023] [Accepted: 01/17/2023] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
The aging populations in many countries have developed many chronic illnesses and diseases, including chronic neurologic conditions such as Parkinson's and Azheimer's diseases. Many new lines of research and treatment are focusing on the potential for neurologic regeneration using mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) in the rapidly growing field of regenerative medicine. This may include dental pulp stem cells (DPSCs), which have recently been demonstrated to produce neuronal precursors. Based upon this evidence, the primary aim of this study was to determine if the growth factors used in MSC-based studies are sufficient to induce neuronal differentiation among DPSCs. Using an existing biorepository, n = 16 DPSC isolates were thawed and cultured for this study, which revealed several subpopulations of rapid-, intermediate-, and slowly dividing DPSCs. Administration of epidermal growth factor (EGF) and basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF) were sufficient to induce differential changes in growth and viability mainly among some of the rapidly growing DPSCs (n = 4). These phenotypic changes included expression of neural differentiation markers including Sox1, Pax6 and NF-M, which were observed only among those DPSC isolates not expressing early odontoblast-specific biomarkers such as ALP and DSPP. Future studies will be needed to confirm if these methods are sufficient to induce consistent and reliable induction of DPSCs towards neuronal specific differentiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Keegan Lott
- School of Medicine, University of Nevada-Las Vegas, 1700 W. Charleston Boulevard, Las Vegas, NV 89106, USA
| | - Paris Collier
- School of Medicine, University of Nevada-Las Vegas, 1700 W. Charleston Boulevard, Las Vegas, NV 89106, USA
| | - Marc Ringor
- School of Medicine, University of Nevada-Las Vegas, 1700 W. Charleston Boulevard, Las Vegas, NV 89106, USA
| | - Katherine M. Howard
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, School of Dental Medicine, University of Nevada-Las Vegas, 1001 Shadow Lane, Las Vegas, NV 89106, USA
| | - Karl Kingsley
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, School of Dental Medicine, University of Nevada-Las Vegas, 1001 Shadow Lane, Las Vegas, NV 89106, USA
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +1-702-774-2623
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Nuclear Factor I-C Regulates Stemness Genes and Proliferation of Stem Cells in Various Mineralized Tissue through Epithelial-Mesenchymal Interactions in Dental Epithelial Stem Cells. Stem Cells Int 2022; 2022:1092184. [PMID: 36213683 PMCID: PMC9533135 DOI: 10.1155/2022/1092184] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2022] [Accepted: 08/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Tooth development includes numerous cell divisions and cell-cell interactions generating the stem cell niche. After an indefinite number of divisions, pluripotent cells differentiate into various types of cells. Nuclear factor I (NFI) transcription factors are known as crucial regulators in various organ development and stem cell biology. Among its members, nuclear factor I-C (NFI-C) has been reported to play an essential role in odontogenesis. Nfic knockout mice show malformation in all mineralized tissues, but it remains unclear which stage of development Nfic is involved in. We previously reported that Nfic induces the differentiation of ameloblast, odontoblast, and osteoblast. However, the question remains whether Nfic participates in the late stage of development, perpetuating the proliferation of stem cells. This study aimed to elucidate the underlying mechanism of NFI-C function in stem cells capable of forming hard tissues. Here, we demonstrate that Nfic regulates Sox2 and cell proliferation in diverse mineralized tissue stem cells such as dental epithelial stem cells (DESCs), dental pulp stem cells, and bone marrow stem cells, but not in fibroblasts. It was also involved in the expression of pluripotency genes Lin28 and NANOG. Especially in DESCs, Nfic regulates the proliferation of epithelial cells via epithelial-mesenchymal interactions, which are the Fgf8-Nfic-Sox2 pathway in epithelium and Nfic-Fgf10 in the mesenchyme. Moreover, Nfic slightly increased reprogramming efficiency in induced pluripotent stem cells of mineralized tissues, but not in soft tissues. In conclusion, these results suggest that Nfic is a crucial factor for maintaining the stem cell niche of mineralized tissues and provides a possibility for Nfic as an additional factor in improving reprogramming efficiency.
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Evaluation of the Impact of Pregnancy-Associated Factors on the Quality of Wharton's Jelly-Derived Stem Cells Using SOX2 Gene Expression as a Marker. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23147630. [PMID: 35886978 PMCID: PMC9317592 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23147630] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2022] [Revised: 07/06/2022] [Accepted: 07/08/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
SOX2 is a recognized pluripotent transcription factor involved in stem cell homeostasis, self-renewal and reprogramming. It belongs to, one of the SRY-related HMG-box (SOX) family of transcription factors, taking part in the regulation of embryonic development and determination of cell fate. Among other functions, SOX2 promotes proliferation, survival, invasion, metastasis, cancer stemness, and drug resistance. SOX2 interacts with other transcription factors in multiple signaling pathways to control growth and survival. The aim of the study was to determine the effect of a parturient’s age, umbilical cord blood pH and length of pregnancy on the quality of stem cells derived from Wharton’s jelly (WJSC) by looking at birth weight and using SOX2 gene expression as a marker. Using qPCR the authors, evaluated the expression of SOX2 in WJSC acquired from the umbilical cords of 30 women right after the delivery. The results showed a significant correlation between the birth weight and the expression of SOX2 in WJSC in relation to maternal age, umbilical cord blood pH, and the length of pregnancy. The authors observed that the younger the woman and the lower the umbilical cord blood pH, the earlier the delivery occurs, the lower the birth weight and the higher SOX2 gene expression in WJSC. In research studies and clinical applications of regenerative medicine utilizing mesenchymal stem cells derived from Wharton’s Jelly of the umbilical cord, assessment of maternal and embryonic factors influencing the quality of cells is critical.
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Duncan HF, Kobayashi Y, Yamauchi Y, Quispe-Salcedo A, Chao Feng Z, Huang J, Partridge NC, Nakatani T, D’Armiento J, Shimizu E. The Critical Role of MMP13 in Regulating Tooth Development and Reactionary Dentinogenesis Repair Through the Wnt Signaling Pathway. Front Cell Dev Biol 2022; 10:883266. [PMID: 35531096 PMCID: PMC9068941 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2022.883266] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2022] [Accepted: 03/14/2022] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Matrix-metalloproteinase-13 (MMP13) is important for bone formation and remodeling; however, its role in tooth development remains unknown. To investigate this, MMP13-knockout (Mmp13−/−) mice were used to analyze phenotypic changes in the dentin–pulp complex, mineralization-associated marker-expression, and mechanistic interactions. Immunohistochemistry demonstrated high MMP13-expression in pulp-tissue, ameloblasts, odontoblasts, and dentin in developing WT-molars, which reduced in adults, with human-DPC cultures demonstrating a >2000-fold increase in Mmp13-expression during mineralization. Morphologically, Mmp13−/− molars displayed critical alterations in the dentin-phenotype, affecting dentin-tubule regularity, the odontoblast-palisade and predentin-definition with significantly reduced dentin volume (∼30% incisor; 13% molar), and enamel and dentin mineral-density. Reactionary-tertiary-dentin in response to injury was reduced at Mmp13−/− molar cusp-tips but with significantly more dystrophic pulpal mineralization in MMP13-null samples. Odontoblast differentiation-markers, nestin and DSP, reduced in expression after MMP13-loss in vivo, with reduced calcium deposition in MMP13-null DPC cultures. RNA-sequencing analysis of WT and Mmp13−/− pulp highlighted 5,020 transcripts to have significantly >2.0-fold change, with pathway-analysis indicating downregulation of the Wnt-signaling pathway, supported by reduced in vivo expression of the Wnt-responsive gene Axin2. Mmp13 interaction with Axin2 could be partly responsible for the loss of odontoblastic activity and alteration to the tooth phenotype and volume which is evident in this study. Overall, our novel findings indicate MMP13 as critical for tooth development and mineralization processes, highlighting mechanistic interaction with the Wnt-signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Henry F. Duncan
- Division of Restorative Dentistry & Periodontology, Dublin Dental University Hospital, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
- *Correspondence: Henry F. Duncan, ; Emi Shimizu,
| | - Yoshifumi Kobayashi
- Department of Oral Biology, Rutgers School of Dental Medicine, Newark, NJ, United States
| | - Yukako Yamauchi
- Division of Restorative Dentistry & Periodontology, Dublin Dental University Hospital, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | | | - Zhi Chao Feng
- Department of Oral Biology, Rutgers School of Dental Medicine, Newark, NJ, United States
| | - Jia Huang
- Department of Oral Biology, Rutgers School of Dental Medicine, Newark, NJ, United States
| | - Nicola C. Partridge
- Department of Molecular Pathobiology, New York University Dentistry, New York, NY, United States
| | - Teruyo Nakatani
- Department of Molecular Pathobiology, New York University Dentistry, New York, NY, United States
| | - Jeanine D’Armiento
- Department of Physiology and Cellular Biophysics, Columbia University Medical Centre, New York, NY, United States
| | - Emi Shimizu
- Department of Oral Biology, Rutgers School of Dental Medicine, Newark, NJ, United States
- *Correspondence: Henry F. Duncan, ; Emi Shimizu,
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Zhang SY, Ren JY, Yang B. Priming strategies for controlling stem cell fate: Applications and challenges in dental tissue regeneration. World J Stem Cells 2021; 13:1625-1646. [PMID: 34909115 PMCID: PMC8641023 DOI: 10.4252/wjsc.v13.i11.1625] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2021] [Revised: 05/14/2021] [Accepted: 08/27/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) have attracted intense interest in the field of dental tissue regeneration. Dental tissue is a popular source of MSCs because MSCs can be obtained with minimally invasive procedures. MSCs possess distinct inherent properties of self-renewal, immunomodulation, proangiogenic potential, and multilineage potency, as well as being readily available and easy to culture. However, major issues, including poor engraftment and low survival rates in vivo, remain to be resolved before large-scale application is feasible in clinical treatments. Thus, some recent investigations have sought ways to optimize MSC functions in vitro and in vivo. Currently, priming culture conditions, pretreatment with mechanical and physical stimuli, preconditioning with cytokines and growth factors, and genetic modification of MSCs are considered to be the main strategies; all of which could contribute to improving MSC efficacy in dental regenerative medicine. Research in this field has made tremendous progress and continues to gather interest and stimulate innovation. In this review, we summarize the priming approaches for enhancing the intrinsic biological properties of MSCs such as migration, antiapoptotic effect, proangiogenic potential, and regenerative properties. Challenges in current approaches associated with MSC modification and possible future solutions are also indicated. We aim to outline the present understanding of priming approaches to improve the therapeutic effects of MSCs on dental tissue regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Si-Yuan Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases and National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Jia-Yin Ren
- Department of Oral Radiology, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Bo Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases and National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, Sichuan Province, China
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, Sichuan Province, China
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Phattarataratip E, Panitkul T, Khodkaew W, Anupuntanun P, Jaroonvechatam J, Pitarangsikul S. Expression of SOX2 and OCT4 in odontogenic cysts and tumors. Head Face Med 2021; 17:29. [PMID: 34261507 PMCID: PMC8278639 DOI: 10.1186/s13005-021-00283-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2021] [Accepted: 07/08/2021] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Aberrant expression of stem cell markers has been observed in several types of neoplasms. This trait attributes to the acquired stem-like property of tumor cells and can impact patient prognosis. The objective of this study was to comparatively analyze the expression and significance of SOX2 and OCT4 in various types of odontogenic cysts and tumors. Methods Fifty-five cases of odontogenic cysts and tumors, including 15 ameloblastomas (AM), 5 adenomatoid odontogenic tumors (AOT), 5 ameloblastic fibromas (AF), 5 calcifying odontogenic cysts (COC), 10 dentigerous cysts (DC) and 15 odontogenic keratocysts (OKC) were investigated for the expression of SOX2 and OCT4 immunohistochemically. Results Most OKCs (86.7 %) and all AFs expressed SOX2 in more than 50 % of epithelial cells. Its immunoreactivity was moderate-to-strong in all epithelial cell types in both lesions. In contrast, SOX2 expression was undetectable in AOTs and limited to the ameloblast-like cells in a minority of AM and COC cases. Most DCs showed positive staining in less than 25 % of cystic epithelium. Significantly greater SOX2 expression was noted in OKC compared with DC or AM, and in AF compared with COC or AOT. OCT4 rarely expressed in odontogenic lesions with the immunoreactivity being mild and present exclusively in OKCs. Conclusions SOX2 is differentially expressed in odontogenic cysts and tumors. This could be related to their diverse cells of origin or stages of histogenesis. The overexpression of SOX2 and OCT4 in OKC indicates the acquired stem-like property. Future studies should investigate whether the overexpression of OCT4 and SOX2 contributes to the aggressive behaviors of the tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ekarat Phattarataratip
- Department of Oral Pathology, Faculty of Dentistry, Chulalongkorn University, Henri-Dunant Road, Pathumwan, 10330, Bangkok, Thailand.
| | - Tarit Panitkul
- Faculty of Dentistry, Chulalongkorn University, Henri-Dunant Road, Pathumwan, 10330, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Watunyoo Khodkaew
- Faculty of Dentistry, Chulalongkorn University, Henri-Dunant Road, Pathumwan, 10330, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Pattarapong Anupuntanun
- Faculty of Dentistry, Chulalongkorn University, Henri-Dunant Road, Pathumwan, 10330, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Jirapat Jaroonvechatam
- Faculty of Dentistry, Chulalongkorn University, Henri-Dunant Road, Pathumwan, 10330, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Sirawit Pitarangsikul
- Faculty of Dentistry, Chulalongkorn University, Henri-Dunant Road, Pathumwan, 10330, Bangkok, Thailand
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Bashir NZ. The role of insulin-like growth factors in modulating the activity of dental mesenchymal stem cells. Arch Oral Biol 2020; 122:104993. [PMID: 33259987 DOI: 10.1016/j.archoralbio.2020.104993] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2020] [Revised: 11/14/2020] [Accepted: 11/19/2020] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Regenerative treatment protocols are an exciting prospect in the management of oral pathology, as they allow for tissues to be restored to their original form and function, as compared to the reparative healing mechanisms which currently govern the outcomes of the majority of dental treatment. Stem cell therapy presents with a great deal of untapped potential in this pursuit of tissue regeneration, and, in particular, mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) derived from dental tissues are of specific relevance with regards to their applications in engineering craniofacial tissues. A number of mediatory factors are involved in modulating the actions of dental MSCs, and, of these, insulin like growth factors (IGFs) are known to have potent effects in governing the behavior of these cells. The IGF family comprises a number of primary ligands, receptors, and binding proteins which are known to modulate the key properties of dental MSCs, such as their proliferation rates, differentiation potential, and mineralisation. The aims of this review are three-fold: (i) to present an overview of dental MSCs and the role of growth factors in modulating their characteristics, (ii) to discuss in greater detail the specific role of IGFs and the benefits they may convey for tissue engineering, and (iii) to provide a summary of potential for in vivo clinical translation of the current in vitro body of evidence.
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Long non-coding RNA MALAT1 promotes odontogenic differentiation of human dental pulp stem cells by impairing microRNA-140-5p-dependent downregulation of GIT2. Cell Tissue Res 2020; 382:487-498. [PMID: 32743695 DOI: 10.1007/s00441-020-03246-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2019] [Accepted: 06/18/2020] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Accumulating research continues to highlight the notable role of microRNAs (miRs) and long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) as important regulators in the process of human dental pulp stem cell (hDPSCs) differentiation. The current study aimed to investigate the novel regulatory circuitry of lncRNA metastasis-associated lung adenocarcinoma transcript 1 (MALAT1)/miR-140-5p/G protein-coupled receptor (GPCR)-kinase 2 interacting protein 2 (GIT2) on the odontogenic differentiation of hDPSCs. In hDPSCs, miR-140-5p was downregulated during the odontogenic differentiation, which was verified to directly target GIT2. RNA crosstalk determined by dual-luciferase reporter and RNA pull-down assays revealed that MALAT1 could bind to miR-140-5p to upregulate the expression of GIT2. After that, the levels of MALAT1, miR-140-5p, and GIT2 in hDPSCs were up- or downregulated by exogenous transfection or lentivirus infection in order to investigate their effects on the differentiation of hDPSCs. It was observed that elevation of miR-140-5p or knockdown of GIT2 resulted in inhibited alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity, expression of dentin sialophosphoprotein (DSPP), dentin matrix-protein-1 (DMP-1), and distal-less homeobox 3 (DLX3) as well as positive expression of desmoplakin (DSP) protein. The promotive effects of MALAT1 on odontogenic differentiation were diminished by restoration of miR-140-5p or inhibition of GIT2. Taken together, this study provides valuable evidence suggesting MALAT1 as a potential contributor to the odontogenic differentiation of hDPSCs.
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14
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Zhao L, Chen X, Feng Y, Wang G, Nawaz I, Hu L, Liu P. COX7A1 suppresses the viability of human non-small cell lung cancer cells via regulating autophagy. Cancer Med 2019; 8:7762-7773. [PMID: 31663688 PMCID: PMC6912042 DOI: 10.1002/cam4.2659] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2019] [Revised: 10/02/2019] [Accepted: 10/15/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
COX7A1 is a subunit of cytochrome c oxidase, and plays an important role in the super‐assembly that integrates peripherally into multi‐unit heteromeric complexes in the mitochondrial respiratory chain. In recent years, some researchers have identified that COX7A1 is implicated in human cancer cell metabolism and therapy. In this study, we mainly explored the effect of COX7A1 on the cell viability of lung cancer cells. COX7A1 overexpression was induced by vector transfection in NCI‐H838 cells. Cell proliferation, colony formation and cell apoptosis were evaluated in different groups. In addition, autophagy was analyzed by detecting the expression level of p62 and LC3, as well as the tandem mRFP‐GFP‐LC3 reporter assay respectively. Our results indicated that the overexpression of COX7A1 suppressed cell proliferation and colony formation ability, and promoted cell apoptosis in human non‐small cell lung cancer cells. Besides, the overexpression of COX7A1 blocked autophagic flux and resulted in the accumulation of autophagosome via downregulation of PGC‐1α and upregulation of NOX2. Further analysis showed that the effect of COX7A1 overexpression on cell viability was partly dependent of the inhibition of autophagy. Herein, we identified that COX7A1 holds a key position in regulating the development and progression of lung cancer by affecting autophagy. Although the crosstalk among COX7A1, PGC‐1α and NOX2 needs further investigation, our study provides a novel insight into the therapeutic action of COX7A1 against human non‐small cell lung cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Zhao
- Department of Anesthesiology, The 2nd Clinical Medical College (Shenzhen People's Hospital) of Jinan University, The 1st Affiliated Hospitals of Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, China.,Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine Postdoctoral Research Station, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xin Chen
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, The 2nd Clinical Medicine College (Shenzhen People's Hospital) of Jinan University, The 1st Affiliated Hospitals of Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, China
| | - Yetong Feng
- Department of Medicine, College of Medicine, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA
| | - Guangsuo Wang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The 2nd Clinical Medicine College (Shenzhen People's Hospital) of Jinan University, The 1st Affiliated Hospitals of Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, China
| | - Imran Nawaz
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The 2nd Clinical Medicine College (Shenzhen People's Hospital) of Jinan University, The 1st Affiliated Hospitals of Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, China.,Department of Microbiology, Tumor and Cell Biology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Lifu Hu
- Department of Microbiology, Tumor and Cell Biology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Pengfei Liu
- Department of Anesthesiology, The 2nd Clinical Medical College (Shenzhen People's Hospital) of Jinan University, The 1st Affiliated Hospitals of Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, China.,Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine Postdoctoral Research Station, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
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15
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Cheng B, Zhang H, Liu C, Chen X, Chen Y, Sun Y, Leng L, Li Y, Luan P, Li H. Functional Intronic Variant in the Retinoblastoma 1 Gene Underlies Broiler Chicken Adiposity by Altering Nuclear Factor-kB and SRY-Related HMG Box Protein 2 Binding Sites. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2019; 67:9727-9737. [PMID: 31398034 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.9b01719] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
The present study aimed to search for chicken abdominal fat deposition-related polymorphisms within RB1 and to provide functional evidence for significantly associated genetic variants. Association analyses showed that 11 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in intron 17 of RB1, were significantly associated with both abdominal fat weight (P < 0.05) and abdominal fat percentage (P < 0.05). Functional analysis revealed that the A allele of g.32828A>G repressed the transcriptional efficiency of RB1 in vitro, through binding nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-KB) and SRY-related HMG box protein 2 (SOX2). Furthermore, RB1 mRNA expression levels in the abdominal fat tissue of individuals with the A/A genotype of g.32828A>G were lower than those of individuals with the G/G genotype. Collectively, we propose that the intronic SNP g.32828A>G of RB1 is an obesity-associated variant that directly affects binding with NF-KB and SOX2, leading to changes in RB1 expression which in turn may influence chicken abdominal fat deposition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bohan Cheng
- Key Laboratory of Chicken Genetics and Breeding , Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs , Harbin 150030 , Heilongjiang , China
- Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction , Education Department of Heilongjiang Province , Harbin 150030 , Heilongjiang , China
- College of Animal Science and Technology , Northeast Agricultural University , Harbin 150030 , Heilongjiang , China
| | - Hui Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Chicken Genetics and Breeding , Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs , Harbin 150030 , Heilongjiang , China
- Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction , Education Department of Heilongjiang Province , Harbin 150030 , Heilongjiang , China
- College of Animal Science and Technology , Northeast Agricultural University , Harbin 150030 , Heilongjiang , China
| | - Chang Liu
- Key Laboratory of Chicken Genetics and Breeding , Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs , Harbin 150030 , Heilongjiang , China
- Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction , Education Department of Heilongjiang Province , Harbin 150030 , Heilongjiang , China
- College of Animal Science and Technology , Northeast Agricultural University , Harbin 150030 , Heilongjiang , China
| | - Xi Chen
- Key Laboratory of Chicken Genetics and Breeding , Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs , Harbin 150030 , Heilongjiang , China
- Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction , Education Department of Heilongjiang Province , Harbin 150030 , Heilongjiang , China
- College of Animal Science and Technology , Northeast Agricultural University , Harbin 150030 , Heilongjiang , China
| | - Yaofeng Chen
- Key Laboratory of Chicken Genetics and Breeding , Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs , Harbin 150030 , Heilongjiang , China
- Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction , Education Department of Heilongjiang Province , Harbin 150030 , Heilongjiang , China
- College of Animal Science and Technology , Northeast Agricultural University , Harbin 150030 , Heilongjiang , China
| | - Yuhang Sun
- Key Laboratory of Chicken Genetics and Breeding , Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs , Harbin 150030 , Heilongjiang , China
- Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction , Education Department of Heilongjiang Province , Harbin 150030 , Heilongjiang , China
- College of Animal Science and Technology , Northeast Agricultural University , Harbin 150030 , Heilongjiang , China
| | - Li Leng
- Key Laboratory of Chicken Genetics and Breeding , Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs , Harbin 150030 , Heilongjiang , China
- Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction , Education Department of Heilongjiang Province , Harbin 150030 , Heilongjiang , China
- College of Animal Science and Technology , Northeast Agricultural University , Harbin 150030 , Heilongjiang , China
| | - Yumao Li
- Key Laboratory of Chicken Genetics and Breeding , Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs , Harbin 150030 , Heilongjiang , China
- Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction , Education Department of Heilongjiang Province , Harbin 150030 , Heilongjiang , China
- College of Animal Science and Technology , Northeast Agricultural University , Harbin 150030 , Heilongjiang , China
| | - Peng Luan
- Key Laboratory of Chicken Genetics and Breeding , Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs , Harbin 150030 , Heilongjiang , China
- Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction , Education Department of Heilongjiang Province , Harbin 150030 , Heilongjiang , China
- College of Animal Science and Technology , Northeast Agricultural University , Harbin 150030 , Heilongjiang , China
| | - Hui Li
- Key Laboratory of Chicken Genetics and Breeding , Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs , Harbin 150030 , Heilongjiang , China
- Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction , Education Department of Heilongjiang Province , Harbin 150030 , Heilongjiang , China
- College of Animal Science and Technology , Northeast Agricultural University , Harbin 150030 , Heilongjiang , China
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16
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Dietz C, Infanger M, Romswinkel A, Strube F, Kraus A. Apoptosis Induction and Alteration of Cell Adherence in Human Lung Cancer Cells under Simulated Microgravity. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:E3601. [PMID: 31340547 PMCID: PMC6678991 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20143601] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2019] [Revised: 07/15/2019] [Accepted: 07/16/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Lung cancer cells are known to change proliferation and migration under simulated microgravity. In this study, we sought to evaluate cell adherence, apoptosis, cytoskeleton arrangement, and gene expression under simulated microgravity. METHODS Human lung cancer cells were exposed to simulated microgravity in a random-positioning machine (RPM). Cell morphology and adherence were observed under phase-contrast microscopy, cytoskeleton staining was performed, apoptosis rate was determined, and changes in gene and protein expression were detected by real-time PCR with western blot confirmation. RESULTS Three-dimensional (3D)-spheroid formation was observed under simulated microgravity. Cell viability was not impaired. Actin filaments showed a shift in alignment from longitudinal to spherical. Apoptosis rate was significantly increased in the spheroids compared to the control. TP53, CDKN2A, PTEN, and RB1 gene expression was significantly upregulated in the adherent cells under simulated microgravity with an increase in corresponding protein production for p14 and RB1. SOX2 expression was significantly upregulated in the adherent cells, but protein was not. Gene expressions of AKT3, PIK3CA, and NFE2L2 remained unaltered. CONCLUSION Simulated microgravity induces alteration in cell adherence, increases apoptosis rate, and leads to upregulation of tumor suppressor genes in human lung cancer cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carlo Dietz
- Department of Plastic, Aesthetic and Hand Surgery, Otto-von-Guericke-University, Leipziger Strasse 44, D-39120 Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Manfred Infanger
- Department of Plastic, Aesthetic and Hand Surgery, Otto-von-Guericke-University, Leipziger Strasse 44, D-39120 Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Alexander Romswinkel
- Department of Plastic, Aesthetic and Hand Surgery, Otto-von-Guericke-University, Leipziger Strasse 44, D-39120 Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Florian Strube
- Department of Plastic, Aesthetic and Hand Surgery, Otto-von-Guericke-University, Leipziger Strasse 44, D-39120 Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Armin Kraus
- Department of Plastic, Aesthetic and Hand Surgery, Otto-von-Guericke-University, Leipziger Strasse 44, D-39120 Magdeburg, Germany.
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Pei Y, Yao Q, Li Y, Zhang X, Xie B. microRNA-211 regulates cell proliferation, apoptosis and migration/invasion in human osteosarcoma via targeting EZRIN. Cell Mol Biol Lett 2019; 24:48. [PMID: 31333725 PMCID: PMC6617937 DOI: 10.1186/s11658-019-0173-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2018] [Accepted: 06/27/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Background In recent years, microRNA-211 (miR211) has been considered as a tumor suppressor in multiple malignancies. However, the function of miR211 in human osteosarcoma has not been explored intensively so far. In this study, the relationship between miR211 and EZRIN was analyzed in human osteosarcoma. Methods The expression levels of miR211 and EZRIN were measured in both human osteosarcoma cells and tissues. The direct regulatory relationship between miR211 and EZRIN was evaluated using dual-luciferase assay. The effect of miR211 and EZRIN overexpression on cell proliferation, migration/invasion, and apoptosis was detected. Results The expression of miR211 was obviously lower in osteosarcoma tissues than paracancerous tissues. EZRIN was identified as the direct target of miR211, and up-regulation of miR211 increased the percentage of cell apoptosis, and suppressed cell proliferation as well as cell migration/invasion via directly regulating EZRIN. Conclusions Our study indicated that miR211 has an important role in the development and progress of osteosarcoma, and it might become a novel target in the diagnosis and treatment of human osteosarcoma. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s11658-019-0173-x) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yihua Pei
- 1Central laboratory, ZhongShan Hospital XiaMen University, Xiamen, 361004 China.,2Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Chronic Liver Disease and Hepatocellular Carcinoma (Xiamen University Affiliated ZhongShan Hospital), Xiamen, 361004 China
| | - Qin Yao
- 1Central laboratory, ZhongShan Hospital XiaMen University, Xiamen, 361004 China.,2Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Chronic Liver Disease and Hepatocellular Carcinoma (Xiamen University Affiliated ZhongShan Hospital), Xiamen, 361004 China
| | - Yingchao Li
- 3Department of Spine Surgery, ZhongShan Hospital XiaMen University, No. 201 Hubin South Road, Xiamen, 361004 China
| | - Xin Zhang
- 4Department of Rehabilitation, ZhongShan Hospital XiaMen University, Xiamen, 361004 China
| | - Bozhen Xie
- 3Department of Spine Surgery, ZhongShan Hospital XiaMen University, No. 201 Hubin South Road, Xiamen, 361004 China
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MicroRNA‑30a regulates cell proliferation, migration, invasion and apoptosis in human nasopharyngeal carcinoma via targeted regulation of ZEB2. Mol Med Rep 2019; 20:1672-1682. [PMID: 31257481 PMCID: PMC6625429 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2019.10387] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2018] [Accepted: 02/20/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
MicroRNA-30a (miR-30a) was previously reported to serve as a tumor suppressor able to inhibit the development and progression of certain types of cancer. A number of previous studies demonstrated that zinc finger E-box binding homeobox 2 (ZEB2) may be regulated by miR-30a in clear cell renal cell carcinoma and breast cancer. However, the function of miR-30a in human nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) remains unclear. The present study aimed to investigate the association between miR-30a and ZEB2 in NPC. Therefore, the expression levels of miR-30a and ZEB2 were measured in human NPC cells and tissues from patients with NPC, and the present results suggested that the expression level of miR-30a was significantly decreased in NPC tissues compared with paracancerous tissues. The direct interaction between miR-30a and the untranslated region of ZEB2 was examined using the dual-luciferase reporter assay, and ZEB2 was identified as a direct target of miR-30a. Additionally, the effects of miR-30a and ZEB2 overexpression on cell proliferation, migration, invasion and apoptosis were additionally investigated. Functional experiments identified that overexpression of miR-30a increased apoptosis and suppressed cell proliferation, cell migration and cell invasion by directly targeting ZEB2. Collectively, the present study suggested that miR-30a may serve an important role in the progression of NPC and may represent a novel target for the treatment of patients with NPC.
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19
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Potential Effect of SOX2 on the Cell Cycle of Wharton's Jelly Stem Cells (WJSCs). OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2019; 2019:5084689. [PMID: 31281582 PMCID: PMC6589191 DOI: 10.1155/2019/5084689] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2019] [Revised: 05/07/2019] [Accepted: 05/13/2019] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
The connective tissue of the umbilical cord contains stem cells called Wharton's jelly cells. These cells express core transcription factors (NANOG, OCT4, and SOX2). The protein product of the SOX2 gene controls the cell cycle by interacting with cyclin D (directly and indirectly) and cycle inhibitors—p21 and p27, as well as two E2f3 protein isoforms. The aim of the study was to analyze the effect of SOX2 on the cell cycle of stem cells of Wharton's jelly. The material for the study was the stem cells of Wharton's jelly isolated from 20 umbilical cords collected during childbirth. The stem cells collected were subjected to cytometric analysis, cell culture, and RNA isolation. cDNA was the starting material for the analysis of gene expression: SOX2, CCND1, CDK4, and CDKN1B. The studies indicate a high proliferative potential of the Wharton's jelly stem cells and the inhibitory effect of SOX2 on the expression of the CCND1 and CDK4 gene.
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Glycerol monolaurate nanocapsules for biomedical applications: in vitro toxicological studies. Naunyn Schmiedebergs Arch Pharmacol 2019; 392:1131-1140. [PMID: 31079199 DOI: 10.1007/s00210-019-01663-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2018] [Accepted: 05/02/2019] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
The glycerol monolaurate (GML) is a surfactant used in the food industry and has potent antimicrobial activity against many microorganisms; however, the use of GML is not expanded due its high melting point and poor solubility in water. The aim of the study was to produce, characterize, and evaluate in vitro the cytotoxicity of GML and GML nanocapsules. The GML nanocapsules were produced and characterized by a mean diameter, zeta potential, and polydispersity index. The cytotoxicity was evaluated by 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT), lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) release, thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS), and hemolytic activity. The genotoxicity was verified by comet assay. The physicochemical parameters showed a mean diameter of 192.5 ± 2.8 nm, a polydispersity index of 0.061 ± 0.018, and a zeta potential about - 21.9 ± 1 mV. The viability test demonstrated the protector effect of GML nanocapsule compared with the GML on peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) and VERO cells (isolated from kidney epithelial cells extracted from an African green monkey). A reduction in lipid peroxidation and lactate dehydrogenase release in GML nanocapsule-exposed cells compared with GML treated cells was observed. The damage on erythrocytes was addressed in treatment with GML, while the treatment with GML nanocapsules did not cause an effect. Moreover, the comet assay showed that the GML-caused genotoxicity and GML nanocapsules do not demonstrate damage. The study showed the reduction of toxicity of GML nanocapsules by many methods used in antimicrobial therapy.
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Gancheva MR, Kremer KL, Gronthos S, Koblar SA. Using Dental Pulp Stem Cells for Stroke Therapy. Front Neurol 2019; 10:422. [PMID: 31110489 PMCID: PMC6501465 DOI: 10.3389/fneur.2019.00422] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2018] [Accepted: 04/08/2019] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Stroke is a leading cause of permanent disability world-wide, but aside from rehabilitation, there is currently no clinically-proven pharmaceutical or biological agent to improve neurological disability. Cell-based therapies using stem cells, such as dental pulp stem cells, are a promising alternative for treatment of neurological diseases, including stroke. The ischaemic environment in stroke affects multiple cell populations, thus stem cells, which act through cellular and molecular mechanisms, are promising candidates. The most common stem cell population studied in the neurological setting has been mesenchymal stem cells due to their accessibility. However, it is believed that neural stem cells, the resident stem cell of the adult brain, would be most appropriate for brain repair. Using reprogramming strategies, alternative sources of neural stem and progenitor cells have been explored. We postulate that a cell of closer origin to the neural lineage would be a promising candidate for reprogramming and modification towards a neural stem or progenitor cell. One such candidate population is dental pulp stem cells, which reside in the root canal of teeth. This review will focus on the neural potential of dental pulp stem cells and their investigations in the stroke setting to date, and include an overview on the use of different sources of neural stem cells in preclinical studies and clinical trials of stroke.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria R. Gancheva
- Stroke Research Programme Laboratory, Adelaide Medical School, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, Australia
| | - Karlea L. Kremer
- Stroke Research Programme Laboratory, Adelaide Medical School, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, Australia
| | - Stan Gronthos
- Mesenchymal Stem Cell Laboratory, Adelaide Medical School, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, Australia
- South Australian Health and Medical Research Institute, Adelaide, SA, Australia
| | - Simon A. Koblar
- Stroke Research Programme Laboratory, Adelaide Medical School, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, Australia
- South Australian Health and Medical Research Institute, Adelaide, SA, Australia
- Central Adelaide Local Health Network, Adelaide, SA, Australia
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Role of MEK-ERK signaling mediated adhesion of glioma cells to extra-cellular matrix: Possible implication on migration and proliferation. Ann Neurosci 2019; 26:52-56. [PMID: 31975773 PMCID: PMC6894623 DOI: 10.5214/ans.0972.7531.260203] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2019] [Revised: 02/27/2019] [Accepted: 04/03/2019] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Glioblastoma represents the most common primary brain tumor with a worst
prognosis despite developments in neurosurgery and chemoradiotherapy.
Detachment of the cells from the primary tumor tissue is a prerequisite for
their dispersion and spreading. Initial and incessant dispersal of tumor
cells from the primary tumor tissue renders GBM refractory to comprehensive
surgical removal and increases the chance of recurrence and poorer
prognosis. Purposes The current study was designed to investigate the effect of inhibition of
MEK-ERK1/2 signaling by PD98059 and U0126 on the growth and migration of
glioma cells as well as their adhesion to extracellular matrix. Methods MEK-ERK1/2 signaling in U87-MG cells was inhibited by PD98059 and U0126.
Migration, proliferation and adhesion were analyzed by scratch-wound assay,
MTT assay, cell adhesion assay respectively. Results PD98059 and U0126 significantly not only reduced the proliferation of glioma
cells and attenuated their migration but also increased their adhesion to
gelatin of extracellular matrix. Conclusion This study provides the evidence that inhibition of MEK-ERK1/2 signaling
enhances the adhesion of glioma cells to gelatin/collagen component of ECM,
and decreases the proliferation and migration of the glioma cells. We
propose the possible rationale of association between ERK signaling and
cell-cell adhesion molecules in glioma microenvironment which regulates the
glioma initiation, growth and progression.
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Kang M, Li Y, Zhu S, Zhang S, Guo S, Li P. MicroRNA-193b acts as a tumor suppressor gene in human esophageal squamous cell carcinoma via target regulation of KRAS. Oncol Lett 2019; 17:3965-3973. [PMID: 30881513 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2019.10039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2018] [Accepted: 11/12/2018] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
In recent years, microRNA-193b (miR-193b) is regarded as a tumor suppressor in the development and progression of various cancers. Several studies have indicated that KRAS could be regulated by miR-193b in pancreatic cancer cells. However, the function of miR-193b in human esophageal squamous cell carcinoma has not been explored intensively thus far. Herein, the relationship between miR-193b and KRAS was mainly explored in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma cells. In the present study, the expression levels of miR-193b and KRAS were assessed in both human esophageal cancer cells and tissues. The direct regulatory relationship between miR-193b and KRAS was evaluated using dual-luciferase assay. The effect of miR-193b overexpression and inhibitor on cell proliferation, migration/invasion, and apoptosis was further detected herein. Our results indicated that the expression of miR-193b was significantly lower in human esophageal cancer tissues than paracancerous tissues. The expression level of miR-193b/KRAS was stage-dependent in human esophageal cancers. KRAS was indicated as the direct target of miR-193b, and upregulation of miR-193b increased the percentage of cell apoptosis, and suppressed cell proliferation as well as cell migration/invasion via direct regulation of KRAS. Therefore, our study indicated that miR-193b plays an important role in the development and progression of human esophageal squamous cell carcinoma, which may become a novel target in the treatment of human esophageal squamous cell carcinoma in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min Kang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, National Clinical Research Center for Digestive Diseases, Beijing Digestive Disease Center, Beijing Key Laboratory for Precancerous Lesion of Digestive Diseases, Beijing 100050, P.R. China.,Department of Digestive Diseases, Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan 646000, P.R. China
| | - Yan Li
- Molecular Medicine Experimental Center, Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan 646000, P.R. China
| | - Shengtao Zhu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, National Clinical Research Center for Digestive Diseases, Beijing Digestive Disease Center, Beijing Key Laboratory for Precancerous Lesion of Digestive Diseases, Beijing 100050, P.R. China
| | - Shutian Zhang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, National Clinical Research Center for Digestive Diseases, Beijing Digestive Disease Center, Beijing Key Laboratory for Precancerous Lesion of Digestive Diseases, Beijing 100050, P.R. China
| | - Shuilong Guo
- Department of Gastroenterology, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, National Clinical Research Center for Digestive Diseases, Beijing Digestive Disease Center, Beijing Key Laboratory for Precancerous Lesion of Digestive Diseases, Beijing 100050, P.R. China
| | - Peng Li
- Department of Gastroenterology, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, National Clinical Research Center for Digestive Diseases, Beijing Digestive Disease Center, Beijing Key Laboratory for Precancerous Lesion of Digestive Diseases, Beijing 100050, P.R. China
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Liu F, Wang X, Yang Y, Hu R, Wang W, Wang Y. The suppressive effects of miR-508-5p on the odontogenic differentiation of human dental pulp stem cells by targeting glycoprotein non-metastatic melanomal protein B. Stem Cell Res Ther 2019; 10:35. [PMID: 30670091 PMCID: PMC6341723 DOI: 10.1186/s13287-019-1146-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2018] [Accepted: 01/10/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Although the involvement of glycoprotein non-metastatic melanomal protein B (GPNMB) in regulating the odontogenic differentiation of human dental pulp stem cells (hDPCs) has been identified, the underlying mechanisms are largely unknown. The purpose of this study is to investigate the effects of miR-508-5p on the GPNMB expression and the odontogenic differentiation of hDPCs. METHODS In this study, hDPCs were isolated and identified by flow cytometric analysis. Based on bioinformatics analysis, dual luciferase reporter assay was performed to verify GPNMB acting as a target of miR-508-5p. The regulatory roles of miR-508-5p in odontogenetic differentiation of hDPCs were investigated through its inhibition or overexpression (miRNA mimics and miRNA inhibitors). qRT-PCR and Western blot analysis were used to detect the expression of odontogenetic marker genes and proteins. The assays of alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity and Alizarin Red S staining were performed to evaluate the odontogenetic phenotype. RESULTS We first found that the levels of miR-508-5p expression decreased gradually during odontogenesis of hDPCs, while the expressions of GPNMB were upregulated obviously. The suppressive effects of miR-508-5p on GPNMB were determined by oligonucleotide transfection in hDPCs and dual luciferase reporter assay in 293T cells. Subsequently, the significant inhibition of hDPC odontogenesis after the overexpression of miR-508-5p was observed, which is consistent with the decreased expression levels of several odontoblast-specific genes, such as dentin matrix protein 1 (DMP-1), dentin sialophosphoprotein (DSPP), and osteocalcin (OCN), as well as the decreased activity of ALP and weakened Alizarin Red S staining. Furthermore, ectopic expression of GPNMB (lacking 3'-UTR) rescued the effects of miR-508-5p on odontogenic differentiation. CONCLUSIONS Our study demonstrated that miR-508-5p regulated the osteogenesis of hDPCs by targeting GPNMB and provided novel insight into the critical roles of microRNAs in hDPC differentiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fengxi Liu
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Yantai Affiliated Hospital of Binzhou Medical University, No 717, Jinbu Street, Muping District, Yantai, 264100, People's Republic of China.,Department of Stomatology, Maternal and Child Care Service Centre of Zibo, Zibo, 255029, People's Republic of China
| | - Xin Wang
- Department of Blood Transfusion and Clinical Central Laboratory, PLA 107th Hospital affiliated to Binzhou Medical University, Yantai, 264002, People's Republic of China
| | - Yun Yang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Binzhou Medical University, Yantai, 264003, People's Republic of China
| | - Rongrong Hu
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Yantai Affiliated Hospital of Binzhou Medical University, No 717, Jinbu Street, Muping District, Yantai, 264100, People's Republic of China.,College of Stomatology, Binzhou Medical University, Yantai, 264003, People's Republic of China
| | - Wenhao Wang
- College of Stomatology, Binzhou Medical University, Yantai, 264003, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuliang Wang
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Yantai Affiliated Hospital of Binzhou Medical University, No 717, Jinbu Street, Muping District, Yantai, 264100, People's Republic of China. .,College of Stomatology, Binzhou Medical University, Yantai, 264003, People's Republic of China.
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Kukolj T, Trivanović D, Mojsilović S, Okić Djordjević I, Obradović H, Krstić J, Jauković A, Bugarski D. IL-33 guides osteogenesis and increases proliferation and pluripotency marker expression in dental stem cells. Cell Prolif 2018; 52:e12533. [PMID: 30430681 PMCID: PMC6430470 DOI: 10.1111/cpr.12533] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2018] [Revised: 08/03/2018] [Accepted: 08/28/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Objectives Soluble IL‐33 (interleukin (IL)‐1‐like cytokine) acts as endogenous alarm signal (alarmin). Since alarmins, besides activating immune system, act to restore tissue homeostasis, we investigated whether IL‐33 exerts beneficial effects on oral stem cell pull. Materials and Methods Clonogenicity, proliferation, differentiation and senescence of stem cells derived from human periodontal ligament (PDLSCs) and dental pulp (DPSCs) were determined after in vitro exposure to IL‐33. Cellular changes were detected by flow cytometry, Western blot, immunocytochemistry and semiquantitative RT‐PCR. Results IL‐33 stimulated proliferation, clonogenicity and expression of pluripotency markers, OCT‐4, SOX‐2 and NANOG, but it inhibited ALP activity and mineralization in both PDLSCs and DPSCs. Higher Ki67 expression and reduced β‐galactosidase activity in IL‐33‐treated cells were demonstrated, whereas these trends were more conspicuous in osteogenic medium. However, after 7‐day IL‐33 pretreatment, differentiation capacity of IL‐33‐pretreated cells was retained, and increased ALP activity was observed in both cell types. Results showed that IL‐33 regulates NF‐κB and β‐catenin signalling, indicating the association of these molecules with changes observed in IL‐33‐treated PDLSCs and DPSCs, particularly their proliferation, pluripotency‐associated marker expression and osteogenesis. Conclusions IL‐33 treatment impairs osteogenesis of PDLSCs and DPSCs, while increases their clonogenicity, proliferation and pluripotency marker expression. After exposure to IL‐33, osteogenic capacity of cells stayed intact. NF‐κB and β‐catenin are implicated in the effects achieved by IL‐33 in PDLSCs and DPSCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tamara Kukolj
- Laboratory for Experimental Hematology and Stem Cells, Institute for Medical Research, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Drenka Trivanović
- Laboratory for Experimental Hematology and Stem Cells, Institute for Medical Research, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Slavko Mojsilović
- Laboratory for Experimental Hematology and Stem Cells, Institute for Medical Research, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Ivana Okić Djordjević
- Laboratory for Experimental Hematology and Stem Cells, Institute for Medical Research, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Hristina Obradović
- Laboratory for Experimental Hematology and Stem Cells, Institute for Medical Research, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Jelena Krstić
- Laboratory for Experimental Hematology and Stem Cells, Institute for Medical Research, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Aleksandra Jauković
- Laboratory for Experimental Hematology and Stem Cells, Institute for Medical Research, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Diana Bugarski
- Laboratory for Experimental Hematology and Stem Cells, Institute for Medical Research, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
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Immunohistochemical characterization of stem cell and differentiation markers of the dental pulp of human natal teeth. Future Sci OA 2018; 4:FSO342. [PMID: 30450229 PMCID: PMC6234461 DOI: 10.4155/fsoa-2018-0062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2018] [Accepted: 08/15/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Aim: Dental pulp stem cells, which are primarily derived from the pulp tissues of human teeth, have rarely been obtained from natal teeth. This study investigated the stem cell and differentiation markers of the dental pulp of natal teeth using immunohistochemistry. Materials & Methods: The pulp tissue from extracted natal teeth (n = 2) of a 20-day-old healthy male was examined for immunohistochemical expression of stem cell (Oct-4 and SOX 2) and differentiation markers (Nestin, CD 44, desmin, osteopontin and Ki- 67). Results: The pulp tissue of the natal teeth expressed immunopositivity for nestin, CD 44 and SOX2. Conclusion: Natal teeth, if preserved properly, could serve as sources of dental pulp stem cells that are an improvement on deciduous teeth. Natal teeth are present at birth. They are usually removed prophylactically to avoid the complications such as aspiration, ulcerations on the tongue and injuries to the mother during feeding. To study discarded natal teeth as a potential stem cell source, immunohistochemistry was used to check for the expression of stem cells and markers on the dental pulp of the natal teeth. This was compared with the stem cell potential of deciduous teeth. Natal teeth exhibited higher immunohistochemical expression, which suggests that discarded tissues like natal teeth are a potential source for stem cells.
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Chen G, Zhao X, Tan Z, Wang D, Luo D, Zhang P, Cao J, Wang F, Liu Q, Li L. Investigation of the role of cullin 4A overexpression in human liver cancer. Mol Med Rep 2018; 18:2531-2540. [PMID: 30015884 PMCID: PMC6102737 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2018.9233] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2017] [Accepted: 01/09/2018] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Cullin 4A (CUL4A) is the major component of cullin‑RING‑based E3 ubiquitin‑protein ligase complexes, which regulate the ubiquitination of target proteins. The overexpression of CUL4A has been associated with the development and progression of various cancer types. However, a detailed understanding of the role of CUL4A in human liver cancer has not been determined by previous studies. In the present study, the association between human liver cancer and CUL4A expression was investigated. The expression of CUL4A in liver cancer tissues and paracancerous tissues of patients was investigated by reverse transcription‑quantitative polymerase chain reaction, western blotting and immunohistochemical staining. Overexpression and knockdown of CUL4A were induced with an overexpression vector and small interfering RNA transfection, respectively, in human liver cancer cell lines, and the effects on cell proliferation were analyzed by a Cell Counting Kit‑8 assay to investigate the role of CUL4A in human liver cancer. Cell migration, invasion, apoptosis and the cell cycle were also analyzed following transfection. The results of the present study revealed that the mRNA and protein expression of CUL4A was increased in the liver cancer tissues compared with the paracancerous tissues of 3 patients. Additionally, the results demonstrated that downregulation of CUL4A expression inhibited cell proliferation, migration and invasion, and increased the percentage of cell apoptosis, in HEPG2 and MHCC97‑H cells, while CUL4A overexpression led to the opposite effects. Therefore, the results of the current study indicated that CUL4A may serve an important role in the development and progression of human liver cancer, and highlights the potential of CUL4A as a novel target in the diagnosis and treatment of human liver cancer and potentially other cancer types.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gang Chen
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, First People's Hospital of Kunming, Kunming, Yunnan 650032, P.R. China
| | - Xiongqi Zhao
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, First People's Hospital of Kunming, Kunming, Yunnan 650032, P.R. China
| | - Zedan Tan
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, First People's Hospital of Kunming, Kunming, Yunnan 650032, P.R. China
| | - Dongdong Wang
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, First People's Hospital of Kunming, Kunming, Yunnan 650032, P.R. China
| | - Ding Luo
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, First People's Hospital of Kunming, Kunming, Yunnan 650032, P.R. China
| | - Peiyao Zhang
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, First People's Hospital of Kunming, Kunming, Yunnan 650032, P.R. China
| | - Jun Cao
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, First People's Hospital of Kunming, Kunming, Yunnan 650032, P.R. China
| | - Fan Wang
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, First People's Hospital of Kunming, Kunming, Yunnan 650032, P.R. China
| | - Qiyu Liu
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, First People's Hospital of Kunming, Kunming, Yunnan 650032, P.R. China
| | - Li Li
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, First People's Hospital of Kunming, Kunming, Yunnan 650032, P.R. China
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Zhang H, Liu W, Wang Z, Meng L, Wang Y, Yan H, Li L. MEF2C promotes gefitinib resistance in hepatic cancer cells through regulating MIG6 transcription. TUMORI JOURNAL 2018; 104:221-231. [PMID: 29714661 DOI: 10.1177/0300891618765555] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
Introduction: Mitogen-inducible gene 6 ( MIG6) holds a special position in epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) tyrosine kinase inhibitor (TKI) resistance. As MIG6 regulates the activity of EGFR signal pathway negatively, high level of MIG6 can increase the EGFR TKI resistance of cancer cells, and limit the therapeutic action of EGFR TKI, such as gefitinib or erlotinib. Therefore, better understanding of the molecular mechanisms underlying the regulation of EGFR TKI resistance holds great value in cancer therapy. Methods: In our study, we mainly explored the function of transcription activator, myocyte enhancer factor 2C (MEF2C), on MIG6 expression as well as gefitinib-resistant ability of hepatic cancer cells. Results: Our results indicated that both MEF2C and MIG6 could be upregulated in gefitinib-resistant cancer tissues and cancer cell lines compared with gefitinib-sensitive ones. Chromatin immunoprecipitation assay and dual luciferase assay showed that MEF2C could bind to the MEF2C element in the promoter sequence of MIG6 and promote the transcription of MIG6. This effect increased the gefitinib-resistant ability of cancer cells. Therefore, MEF2C knockdown inhibited the gefitinib resistance and limited the proliferation of hepatic cancer cells in vitro and in vivo, while overexpression of MEF2C showed opposite effect on cancer cell proliferation. Conclusion: Our study provides novel insight into the regulation mechanism of MIG6 and suggests potential implications for the therapeutic strategies of gefitinib resistance through inhibiting MEF2C in hepatic cancer cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Zhang
- Department II of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The People’s Hospital of Chuxiong Yi Autonomous Prefecture, the Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Dali University, Chuxiong, China
| | - Wei Liu
- Department II of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The People’s Hospital of Chuxiong Yi Autonomous Prefecture, the Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Dali University, Chuxiong, China
| | - Zhi Wang
- Department II of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The People’s Hospital of Chuxiong Yi Autonomous Prefecture, the Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Dali University, Chuxiong, China
| | - Lin Meng
- Department II of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The People’s Hospital of Chuxiong Yi Autonomous Prefecture, the Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Dali University, Chuxiong, China
| | - Yunhua Wang
- Department II of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The People’s Hospital of Chuxiong Yi Autonomous Prefecture, the Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Dali University, Chuxiong, China
| | - Huawu Yan
- Department II of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The People’s Hospital of Chuxiong Yi Autonomous Prefecture, the Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Dali University, Chuxiong, China
| | - Lin Li
- Department II of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The People’s Hospital of Chuxiong Yi Autonomous Prefecture, the Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Dali University, Chuxiong, China
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Yang Y, Zhao Y, Liu X, Chen Y, Liu P, Zhao L. Effect of SOX2 on odontoblast differentiation of dental pulp stem cells. Mol Med Rep 2017; 16:9659-9663. [DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2017.7812] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2017] [Accepted: 08/15/2017] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
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Zhan FL, Liu XY, Wang XB. The Role of MicroRNA-143-5p in the Differentiation of Dental Pulp Stem Cells into Odontoblasts by Targeting Runx2 via the OPG/RANKL Signaling Pathway. J Cell Biochem 2017; 119:536-546. [PMID: 28608628 DOI: 10.1002/jcb.26212] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2017] [Accepted: 06/12/2017] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
This study aims to elucidate the mechanisms by which microRNA-143-5p (miR-143-5p) targets runt-related transcription factor 2 (Runx2) in the differentiation of dental pulp stem cells (DPSCs) into odontoblasts, through regulating the osteoprotegerin receptor activator of the nuclear factor-κB ligand (OPG/RANKL) signaling pathway. Following transfection, DPSCs were divided into blank, control, miR-143-5p mimics, miR-143-5p inhibitors, miR-143-5p inhibitors + siRunx2 and siRunx2 groups. Alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity and mineralized nodules were detected using ALP kit and alizarin red staining. Quantitative reverse transcriptase real time PCR (qRT-PCR) was conducted to measure mRNA expressions of miR-143-5p, Runx2, OPG, and RANKL. Western blotting was used to assess protein expression of odontoblast differentiation-related proteins. Transwell assay and an extracellular matrix (ECM) adhesion cell assay were employed to examine cell migration and cell adhesion. Compared with the blank group, the miR-143-5p mimics and siRunx2 groups showed decreased ALP activity, decreased mineralized nodules and displays of calcium. Fewer migrated cells, weakened cell adhesion, decreased protein expression of dentin phosphoprotein (DPP), dentin sialoprotein (DSP), dentin matrix protein 1 (DMP1), osteopontin (OPN), bone sialoprotein (BSP), osteocalcin (OCN), OPG and Runx2, and increased RANKL protein expressions were observed. Additionally, opposite results were observed in the miR-143-5p inhibitors group, demonstrating that down-regulated miR-143-5p promotes the differentiation of DPSCs into odontoblasts by enhancing Runx2 expression via the OPG/RANKL signaling pathway. Based on findings in this study, it is postulated that the enhancement of Runx2 expression via the regulation of the OPG/RANKL signaling pathway could be a beneficial approach for dental pulp regeneration. J. Cell. Biochem. 119: 536-546, 2018. © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fu-Liang Zhan
- Department of Endodontics, School of Stomatology, China Medical University, Shenyang, 110002, P.R. China
| | - Xin-Yang Liu
- Department of Endodontics, School of Stomatology, China Medical University, Shenyang, 110002, P.R. China
| | - Xing-Bo Wang
- Department of Endodontics, School of Stomatology, China Medical University, Shenyang, 110002, P.R. China
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Tian S, Tian X, Liu Y, Dong F, Wang J, Liu X, Zhang Z, Chen H. Effects of TAZ on human dental pulp stem cell proliferation and migration. Mol Med Rep 2017; 15:4326-4332. [PMID: 28487958 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2017.6550] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2016] [Accepted: 03/01/2017] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Transcriptional coactivator with PDZ‑binding motif (TAZ) acts as the key downstream regulatory target in the Hippo signaling pathway. TAZ overexpression has been reported to promote cellular proliferation and induce epithelial‑mesenchymal transition in human mammary epithelial cells. However, the effects of TAZ in the regulation of human dental pulp stem cell (hDPSC) proliferation and migration, as well as the molecular mechanisms underlying its actions, remain to be elucidated. The present study demonstrated that TAZ was expressed in hDPSCs. TAZ silencing, following hDPSC transfection with TAZ‑specific small interfering (si)RNA (siTAZ), inhibited cellular proliferation and migration in vitro. These effects appeared to be associated with the downregulation of connecting tissue growth factor (CTGF) and cysteine‑rich angiogenic inducer (Cyr) 61 expression. Further investigation of the mechanisms underlying the actions of TAZ in hDPSCs revealed that TAZ silencing suppressed CTGF and Cyr61 expression by interfering with transforming growth factor (TGF)‑β signaling pathways. The present results suggested that TAZ may be implicated in the proliferation and migration of hDPSCs, through the modulation of CTGF and Cyr61 expression via a TGF‑β‑dependent signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Songbo Tian
- Department of Oral Medicine, Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei 050000, P.R. China
| | - Xiaochao Tian
- Department of Cardiology, Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei 050000, P.R. China
| | - Yanping Liu
- Physical Examination Center, Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei 050000, P.R. China
| | - Fusheng Dong
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, College of Stomatology, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei 050000, P.R. China
| | - Jie Wang
- Department of Oral Pathology, College of Stomatology, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei 050000, P.R. China
| | - Xuqian Liu
- Department of Oral Pathology, College of Stomatology, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei 050000, P.R. China
| | - Zhiyong Zhang
- Department of Oral Medicine, Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei 050000, P.R. China
| | - Huizhen Chen
- Department of Oral Medicine, Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei 050000, P.R. China
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Study on the significance of Cofilin 1 overexpression in human bladder cancer. TUMORI JOURNAL 2016; 103:537-542. [PMID: 27768223 DOI: 10.5301/tj.5000569] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/02/2016] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Cofilin 1 is a type of cytoskeletal protein. The overexpression of this gene has been regarded to hold a special relationship with the development and progress of some cancers. However, the detailed position of Cofilin 1 in human bladder cancer has not been investigated intensively. METHODS In this study, we mainly explored the relationship between human bladder cancer and the expression of Cofilin 1. The expression of Cofilin 1 in bladder cancer tissues and paracancerous tissues of patients was evaluated with quantitative polymerase chain reaction, Western blot, and immunohistochemical staining. Downregulation of Cofilin 1 expression model was established with siRNA in human RT4 bladder cancer cell line, and the changing cell viability was analyzed to determine the role of Cofilin 1 in human bladder cancer. RESULTS Our results showed that the expression of Cofilin 1 was much higher in both RNA level and protein level in human bladder cancer tissues than paracancerous tissues for 3 patients. Downregulation of Cofilin 1 expression could inhibit cell proliferation, cell migration, cell adhesion, and colony formation ability, and increase the percentage of cell apoptosis in RT4 cells. CONCLUSIONS Our study indicates that Cofilin 1 holds an important position in the development and progression of human bladder cancer, and this gene might become a novel target in the diagnosis and treatment of human bladder cancer.
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Highly Efficient In Vitro Reparative Behaviour of Dental Pulp Stem Cells Cultured with Standardised Platelet Lysate Supplementation. Stem Cells Int 2016; 2016:7230987. [PMID: 27774106 PMCID: PMC5059612 DOI: 10.1155/2016/7230987] [Citation(s) in RCA: 127] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2016] [Revised: 08/04/2016] [Accepted: 08/07/2016] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Dental pulp is an accessible source of multipotent mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs). The perspective role of dental pulp stem cells (DPSCs) in regenerative medicine demands an in vitro expansion and in vivo delivery which must deal with the safety issues about animal serum, usually required in cell culture practice. Human platelet lysate (PL) contains autologous growth factors and has been considered as valuable alternative to fetal bovine serum (FBS) in cell cultures. The optimum concentration to be added of such supplement is highly dependent on its preparation whose variability limits comparability of results. By in vitro experiments, we aimed to evaluate a standardised formulation of pooled PL. A low selected concentration of PL (1%) was able to support the growth and maintain the viability of the DPSCs. The use of PL in cell cultures did not impair cell surface signature typically expressed by MSCs and even upregulated the transcription of Sox2. Interestingly, DPSCs cultured in presence of PL exhibited a higher healing rate after injury and are less susceptible to toxicity mediated by exogenous H2O2 than those cultured with FBS. Moreover, PL addition was shown as a suitable option for protocols promoting osteogenic and chondrogenic differentiation of DPSCs. Taken together, our results indicated that PL is a valid substitute of FBS to culture and differentiate DPSCs for clinical-grade use.
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Zhao L, Feng Y, Chen X, Yuan J, Liu X, Chen Y, Zhao Y, Liu P, Li Y. Effects of IGF-1 on neural differentiation of human umbilical cord derived mesenchymal stem cells. Life Sci 2016; 151:93-101. [DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2016.03.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2015] [Revised: 02/28/2016] [Accepted: 03/01/2016] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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Sox2 contributes to tooth development via Wnt signaling. Cell Tissue Res 2016; 365:77-84. [PMID: 26846112 DOI: 10.1007/s00441-016-2363-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2015] [Accepted: 01/14/2016] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
The transcription factor Sox2 is a stem cell marker that dictates cell lineage. It has been shown to mark the epithelial stem cells of the continuously growing mouse incisors. Sox2 also interferes with Wnt signaling by binding to β-catenin, a central mediator of the Wnt pathway. We show that these functions of Sox2 are essential for mouse molar development. Sox2 has previously been shown to play a role in the formation of new teeth from the existing dental epithelium. To assess Sox2 function related to cell migration within a tooth, we monitored cell movement by using a DiI system and observed that DiI moves from molar 1 to molar 2 during tooth development. However, upon temporal knockdown of Sox2, DiI remains in the molar 1 region. This study also provides novel insights into the role of Sox2 and the important validation of Sox2 as a potent target in Wnt signaling during tooth development. Our data reveal that the degradation of Wnt signaling caused by the knockdown of Sox2 results in a lack of cell migration during tooth development.
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