1
|
Jahan A, Paul SK, Nasreen SA, Haque N, Roy S, Sultana M, Hossain T, Nila SS, Ahmad FU, Ahmed S, Aung MS, Kobayashi N. Genetic Characterization of the Dengue Virus Type 3 Genotype I Prevailing in Dhaka, Bangladesh, 2021. Vector Borne Zoonotic Dis 2023; 23:634-638. [PMID: 37603293 DOI: 10.1089/vbz.2023.0025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: In Bangladesh, dengue has been prevalent since its resurgence in 2018, and the dominant causative virus in 2019 was considered dengue virus serotype 3 (DENV-3). However, limited information is available for DENV serotype/genotype circulating after 2020. Materials and Methods: Viral RNA was extracted from NS1 antigen-positive blood samples of febrile patients in Dhaka, in 2021. DENV gene was detected by semi-nested RT-PCR, and sequences of envelope (E) gene and C-prM gene were determined by direct sequencing of RT-PCR products for genetic analysis. Results: Among 172 NS1-positive samples collected, 91 samples were assigned to DENV-3 and DENV-2 (88 and 3 samples, respectively) by RT-PCR targeting the C-prM gene. Phylogenetic analysis of the E gene for the 17 representative DENV-3 samples showed that all the viruses belonged to genotype I, forming a cluster (B-cluster) with those of DENV-3 reported in Bangladesh in 2017. Analysis of the deduced amino acid sequences of E protein revealed 16 amino acid substitutions, including two novel ones (G221W, L285P), and a substitution T223I that was specifically found in DENV-3 B-cluster. Conclusion: This study showed the persistent predominance of DENV-3 genotype I in Bangladesh having unique genetic traits in the E gene. (Approval number: MMC/IRB/2022/468).
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Afsana Jahan
- Department of Microbiology, Mymensingh Medical College, Mymensingh, Bangladesh
- Pabna Medical College, Pabna, Bangladesh
| | - Shyamal Kumar Paul
- Department of Microbiology, Mymensingh Medical College, Mymensingh, Bangladesh
- Netrokona Medical College, Netrokona, Bangladesh
| | | | - Nazia Haque
- Department of Microbiology, Mymensingh Medical College, Mymensingh, Bangladesh
| | - Sangjukta Roy
- Department of Microbiology, Mymensingh Medical College, Mymensingh, Bangladesh
| | - Monira Sultana
- Department of Microbiology, Mymensingh Medical College, Mymensingh, Bangladesh
- Nilphamari Medical College, Nilphamari, Bangladesh
| | - Tasmia Hossain
- Department of Microbiology, Mymensingh Medical College, Mymensingh, Bangladesh
| | | | | | - Salma Ahmed
- Department of Microbiology, Mymensingh Medical College, Mymensingh, Bangladesh
- Mugda Medical College, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Meiji Soe Aung
- Department of Hygiene, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Nobumichi Kobayashi
- Department of Hygiene, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Sapporo, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Mustafa Z, Khan HM, Azam M, Sami H, Ali SG, Ahmad I, Raza A, Khan MA. Insight into the seroepidemiology and dynamics of circulating serotypes of dengue virus over a 4 year period in western Uttar Pradesh, India. Access Microbiol 2023; 5:acmi000567.v4. [PMID: 37424567 PMCID: PMC10323805 DOI: 10.1099/acmi.0.000567.v4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2023] [Accepted: 05/30/2023] [Indexed: 07/11/2023] Open
Abstract
An important public health problem in India is dengue infection, with every year seeing an increase in cases of dengue fever. Dengue affects all individuals irrespective of their gender and age, although the infection rate is higher among males and younger people. Despite low severity in general, dengue virus can cause severe health conditions in some individuals. Genetic characterization of circulating endemic dengue virus (DENV) serotypes plays a significant role in providing epidemiological knowledge and subsequent vaccine development. In the present study, over a 4 year period, we assessed DENV transmission dynamics in major regions of western Uttar Pradesh in North India. ELISA tests were used to diagnose dengue, and PCRs were used to determine the circulating serotype. We found that dengue infection peaks after the rainy season and affects all sexes and ages. A total of 1277 individuals were found positive for dengue; among them, 61.7 % were male and 38.3 % were female. DEN-1 was found in 23.12 %, DEN-2 in 45 %, DEN-3 in 29.06 % and DEN-4 in 1.5 % of the dengue-infected individuals. All four DENV serotypes were circulating in the study area, and DENV serotype-2 (DEN-2) was the most prevalent serotype.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zeeshan Mustafa
- Department of Microbiology, J.N. Medical College, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, UP, India
| | - Haris Manzoor Khan
- Department of Microbiology, J.N. Medical College, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, UP, India
| | - Mohd Azam
- College of Applied Medical Sciences, Al-Qassim University, Buraydah, Qassim KSA, Saudi Arabia
| | - Hiba Sami
- Department of Microbiology, J.N. Medical College, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, UP, India
| | - Syed Ghazanfar Ali
- Viral Research & Diagnostic Laboratory, Department of Microbiology, J.N. Medical College, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, UP, India
| | - Islam Ahmad
- Viral Research & Diagnostic Laboratory, Department of Microbiology, J.N. Medical College, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, UP, India
| | - Adil Raza
- Department of Microbiology, J.N. Medical College, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, UP, India
| | - Mohammad Azam Khan
- Department of Statistics & Operational Research, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, UP, India
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Islam A, Deeba F, Tarai B, Gupta E, Naqvi IH, Abdullah M, Dohare R, Ahmed A, Almajhdi FN, Hussain T, Parveen S. Global and local evolutionary dynamics of Dengue virus serotypes 1, 3, and 4. Epidemiol Infect 2023; 151:e127. [PMID: 37293986 PMCID: PMC10540175 DOI: 10.1017/s0950268823000924] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2022] [Revised: 04/01/2023] [Accepted: 05/23/2023] [Indexed: 06/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Evolutionary studies on Dengue virus (DENV) in endemic regions are necessary since naturally occurring mutations may lead to genotypic variations or shifts in serotypes, which may lead to future outbreaks. Our study comprehends the evolutionary dynamics of DENV, using phylogenetic, molecular clock, skyline plots, network, selection pressure, and entropy analyses based on partial CprM gene sequences. We have collected 250 samples, 161 in 2017 and 89 in 2018. Details for the 2017 samples were published in our previous article and that of 2018 are presented in this study. Further evolutionary analysis was carried out using 800 sequences, which incorporate the study and global sequences from GenBank: DENV-1 (n = 240), DENV-3 (n = 374), and DENV-4 (n = 186), identified during 1944-2020, 1956-2020, and 1956-2021, respectively. Genotypes V, III, and I were identified as the predominant genotypes of the DENV-1, DENV-3, and DENV-4 serotypes, respectively. The rate of nucleotide substitution was found highest in DENV-3 (7.90 × 10-4 s/s/y), followed by DENV-4 (6.23 × 10-4 s/s/y) and DENV-1 (5.99 × 10-4 s/s/y). The Bayesian skyline plots of the Indian strains revealed dissimilar patterns amongst the population size of the three serotypes. Network analyses showed the presence of different clusters within the prevalent genotypes. The data presented in this study will assist in supplementing the measures for vaccine development against DENV.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Arshi Islam
- Centre for Interdisciplinary Research in Basic Sciences, Jamia Millia Islamia, New Delhi, India
| | - Farah Deeba
- Centre for Interdisciplinary Research in Basic Sciences, Jamia Millia Islamia, New Delhi, India
| | - Bansidhar Tarai
- Department of Microbiology and Infection Control, Max Superspeciality Hospital, New Delhi, India
| | - Ekta Gupta
- Department of Clinical Virology, Institute of Liver and Biliary Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Irshad H. Naqvi
- Dr. M.A. Ansari Health Centre, Jamia Millia Islamia, New Delhi, India
| | - Mohd. Abdullah
- Dr. M.A. Ansari Health Centre, Jamia Millia Islamia, New Delhi, India
| | - Ravins Dohare
- Centre for Interdisciplinary Research in Basic Sciences, Jamia Millia Islamia, New Delhi, India
| | - Anwar Ahmed
- Centre of Excellence in Biotechnology Research, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Fahad N. Almajhdi
- Centre of Excellence in Biotechnology Research, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Tajamul Hussain
- Centre of Excellence in Biotechnology Research, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Shama Parveen
- Centre for Interdisciplinary Research in Basic Sciences, Jamia Millia Islamia, New Delhi, India
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Jagtap S, Pattabiraman C, Sankaradoss A, Krishna S, Roy R. Evolutionary dynamics of dengue virus in India. PLoS Pathog 2023; 19:e1010862. [PMID: 37011104 PMCID: PMC10101646 DOI: 10.1371/journal.ppat.1010862] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2022] [Revised: 04/13/2023] [Accepted: 03/17/2023] [Indexed: 04/05/2023] Open
Abstract
More than a hundred thousand dengue cases are diagnosed in India annually, and about half of the country's population carries dengue virus-specific antibodies. Dengue propagates and adapts to the selection pressures imposed by a multitude of factors that can lead to the emergence of new variants. Yet, there has been no systematic analysis of the evolution of the dengue virus in the country. Here, we present a comprehensive analysis of all DENV gene sequences collected between 1956 and 2018 from India. We examine the spatio-temporal dynamics of India-specific genotypes, their evolutionary relationship with global and local dengue virus strains, interserotype dynamics and their divergence from the vaccine strains. Our analysis highlights the co-circulation of all DENV serotypes in India with cyclical outbreaks every 3-4 years. Since 2000, genotype III of DENV-1, cosmopolitan genotype of DENV-2, genotype III of DENV-3 and genotype I of DENV-4 have been dominating across the country. Substitution rates are comparable across the serotypes, suggesting a lack of serotype-specific evolutionary divergence. Yet, the envelope (E) protein displays strong signatures of evolution under immune selection. Apart from drifting away from its ancestors and other contemporary serotypes in general, we find evidence for recurring interserotype drift towards each other, suggesting selection via cross-reactive antibody-dependent enhancement. We identify the emergence of the highly divergent DENV-4-Id lineage in South India, which has acquired half of all E gene mutations in the antigenic sites. Moreover, the DENV-4-Id is drifting towards DENV-1 and DENV-3 clades, suggesting the role of cross-reactive antibodies in its evolution. Due to the regional restriction of the Indian genotypes and immunity-driven virus evolution in the country, ~50% of all E gene differences with the current vaccines are focused on the antigenic sites. Our study shows how the dengue virus evolution in India is being shaped in complex ways.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Suraj Jagtap
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Indian Institute of Science, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India
| | | | - Arun Sankaradoss
- National Centre for Biological Sciences, Tata Institute of Fundamental Research, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India
| | - Sudhir Krishna
- National Centre for Biological Sciences, Tata Institute of Fundamental Research, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India
- School of Interdisciplinary Life Sciences, Indian Institute of Technology Goa, Ponda, India
| | - Rahul Roy
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Indian Institute of Science, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India
- Center for BioSystems Science and Engineering, Indian Institute of Science, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Yu X, Cheng G. Contribution of phylogenetics to understanding the evolution and epidemiology of dengue virus. Animal Model Exp Med 2022; 5:410-417. [PMID: 36245335 PMCID: PMC9610151 DOI: 10.1002/ame2.12283] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2022] [Accepted: 10/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Dengue virus (DENV) is one of the most important arboviral pathogens in the tropics and subtropics, and nearly one‐third of the world's population is at risk of infection. The transmission of DENV involves a sylvatic cycle between nonhuman primates (NHP) and Aedes genus mosquitoes, and an endemic cycle between human hosts and predominantly Aedes aegypti. DENV belongs to the genus Flavivirus of the family Flaviviridae and consists of four antigenically distinct serotypes (DENV‐1‐4). Phylogenetic analyses of DENV have revealed its origin, epidemiology, and the drivers that determine its molecular evolution in nature. This review discusses how phylogenetic research has improved our understanding of DENV evolution and how it affects viral ecology and improved our ability to analyze and predict future DENV emergence.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xi Yu
- Tsinghua-Peking Center for Life Sciences, School of Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China.,Institute of Infectious Diseases, Shenzhen Bay Laboratory, Shenzhen, China.,Institute of Pathogenic Organisms, Shenzhen Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Shenzhen, China.,School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Gong Cheng
- Tsinghua-Peking Center for Life Sciences, School of Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China.,Institute of Infectious Diseases, Shenzhen Bay Laboratory, Shenzhen, China.,Institute of Pathogenic Organisms, Shenzhen Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Shenzhen, China
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Epidemiological and Clinical Characteristics of Acute Dengue Virus Infections Detected through Acute Febrile Illness Surveillance, Belize 2020. Viruses 2022; 14:v14040768. [PMID: 35458498 PMCID: PMC9029937 DOI: 10.3390/v14040768] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2022] [Revised: 04/01/2022] [Accepted: 04/05/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
The Acute Febrile Illness (AFI) Surveillance Network in Belize is a country-wide active surveillance program aimed at diagnosing vector-borne, respiratory, and enteric pathogens among patients presenting to 11 participating hospitals and clinics with new onset fever. This study describes the epidemiology of dengue virus (DENV) infections in Belize diagnosed through AFI surveillance in 2020. Of the 894 patients enrolled and PCR-tested for DENV in this period, 44 DENV-positive cases (5%) were identified. All four DENV serotypes were detected, with two cases testing positive for DENV serotype 4, which is the first report of this serotype in Belize since 2004. The majority of DENV cases (66%) were diagnosed in the Belize District, which contains the largest urban center in the country (Belize City). Positive cases were detected between January 2020 and September 2020, with the majority (89%) diagnosed during the dry season between January and April, unlike years prior when cases were more often diagnosed during the wet season. Clinical signs and symptoms varied slightly between DENV serotypes. Active surveillance of DENV among AFI cases provides insight into the epidemiologic and clinical characteristics of DENV in Belize. This information is important for informing public health interventions to mitigate DENV transmission.
Collapse
|
7
|
Simo Tchetgna H, Sado Yousseu F, Kamgang B, Tedjou A, McCall PJ, Wondji CS. Concurrent circulation of dengue serotype 1, 2 and 3 among acute febrile patients in Cameroon. PLoS Negl Trop Dis 2021; 15:e0009860. [PMID: 34695135 PMCID: PMC8568189 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pntd.0009860] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2021] [Revised: 11/04/2021] [Accepted: 09/28/2021] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Acute febrile patients presenting at hospitals in Douala, Cameroon between July and December 2020, were screened for dengue infections using real time RT-PCR on fragments of the 5’ and 3’ UTR genomic regions. In total, 12.8% (41/320) of cases examined were positive for dengue. Dengue virus 3 (DENV-3) was the most common serotype found (68.3%), followed by DENV-2 (19.5%) and DENV-1 (4.9%). Co-infections of DENV-3 and DENV-2 were found in 3 cases. Jaundice and headache were the most frequent clinical signs associated with infection and 56% (23/41) of the cases were co-infections with malaria. Phylogenetic analysis of the envelope gene identified DENV-1 as belonging to genotype V, DENV-2 to genotype II and DENV-3 to genotype III. The simultaneous occurrence of three serotypes in Douala reveals dengue as a serious public health threat for Cameroon and highlights the need for further epidemiological studies in the major cities of this region. Acute febrile patients presenting at hospitals in Douala, Cameroon between July and December 2020, were screened for dengue infections by Polymerase chain reaction. In total, 12.8% (41/320) of cases examined were infected by dengue virus. Dengue virus 3 (DENV-3) was the most common serotype found (68.3%), followed by DENV-2 (19.5%) and DENV-1 (4.9%). Co-infections of DENV-3 and DENV-2 were found in 3 cases. Jaundice and headache were the most frequent clinical signs associated with infection and 56% (23/41) of the cases were co-infections with malaria. The simultaneous occurrence of three serotypes in Douala reveals dengue as a serious public health threat for Cameroon and highlights the need for further epidemiological studies in the major cities of this region.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Francine Sado Yousseu
- Centre for Research in Infectious Diseases, Yaoundé, Cameroon
- University of Buéa, Buéa, Cameroon
| | - Basile Kamgang
- Centre for Research in Infectious Diseases, Yaoundé, Cameroon
| | - Armel Tedjou
- Centre for Research in Infectious Diseases, Yaoundé, Cameroon
- University of Yaoundé I, Yaoundé, Cameroon
| | - Philip J. McCall
- Liverpool School of Tropical Medicine, Liverpool, United Kingdom
| | - Charles S. Wondji
- Centre for Research in Infectious Diseases, Yaoundé, Cameroon
- Liverpool School of Tropical Medicine, Liverpool, United Kingdom
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Padhi A, Gupta E, Singh G, Parveen S, Islam A, Tarai B. Circulation of DENV-3 Genotype 3 during 2017 to 2018 in Delhi: A Single-Center Hospital-Based Study. J Lab Physicians 2021; 14:21-26. [PMID: 36186256 PMCID: PMC9519262 DOI: 10.1055/s-0041-1734017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction
Delhi is hyperendemic for dengue virus (DENV) where all the four DENV have previously been reported. A constant vigilance of circulating DENV serotypes is important in surveillance, since the introduction of a new variant to areas affected by preexisting serotypes constitutes a risk factor for dengue hemorrhagic fever and dengue shock syndrome.
Objectives
This retrospective study was performed with an objective to determine the circulating serotype and genotype of DENV in acute phase blood samples of patients who have reported to a tertiary liver care hospital in New Delhi during the last 2 years (2017–2018).
Methods
The data of clinician-initiated testing for dengue nonstructural protein 1 (NS1) antigen (Ag) was searched in the institutional hospital information system. The serum sample of dengue NS1 Ag-positive cases confirmed by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA; PANBIO, Gyeonggi-do, ROK) and a fever duration of less than 5 days were retrieved from the laboratory archive. The DENV serotyping on these sample was performed by reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). Sequencing and phylogenetic analysis was done for the capsid premembrane (CprM) region to determine the genotype.
Results
A total of 440 acute-phase samples were received. Twenty one (4.77%) were positive for dengue NS1 Ag with a mean age of 35.1 years and male-to-female ratio of 1.1:1. Eight cases (38.09%) were positive by dengue RT-PCR and all belonged to DENV-3 serotypes. Phylogenetic tree analysis revealed DENV-3 clustered to genotype III with 100% homology with 2008 Indian subcontinent strain.
Conclusion
This study revealed circulation of DENV-3, genotype III in Delhi from 2017 to 2018, similar to the 2008 viral type. Virological surveillance is an important exercise to be done for viral infections with public threat and outbreak potential.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Abhishek Padhi
- Department of Clinical Virology, Institute of Liver and Biliary Sciences, New Delhi, Delhi, India
| | - Ekta Gupta
- Department of Clinical Virology, Institute of Liver and Biliary Sciences, New Delhi, Delhi, India
| | - Gaurav Singh
- Department of Clinical Virology, Institute of Liver and Biliary Sciences, New Delhi, Delhi, India
| | - Shama Parveen
- Centre for Interdisciplinary Research in Basic Sciences, Jamia Millia Islamia, New Delhi, Delhi, India
| | - Arshi Islam
- Centre for Interdisciplinary Research in Basic Sciences, Jamia Millia Islamia, New Delhi, Delhi, India
| | - Bansidhar Tarai
- Department of Microbiology and Infection Control, Max Superspeciality Hospital, New Delhi, Delhi, India
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Islam A, Abdullah M, Tazeen A, Naqvi IH, Kazim SN, Ahmed A, Alamery SF, Malik A, Parveen S. Circulation of dengue virus serotypes in hyperendemic region of New Delhi, India during 2011-2017. J Infect Public Health 2020; 13:1912-1919. [PMID: 33148496 DOI: 10.1016/j.jiph.2020.10.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2020] [Revised: 09/30/2020] [Accepted: 10/08/2020] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Dengue fever has become a hampering menace in New Delhi India, since the disease has become hyperendemic, due to circulation of multiple serotypes of dengue virus (DENV). This hyperendemicity poses a greater risk of secondary infections in human health system. This is a major issue which leads to apprehension amongst the researchers and health organizations and thus requires regular epidemiological surveillance. METHODS We analyzed the prevalence and serotypic distribution of dengue fever cases reported from the Southern part of New Delhi during continued surveillance from 2011 to 2017. The blood samples for the investigation were obtained from the patients suspected with dengue fever attending the OPD at a local Health Centre. The data for 2011-2016 was already published from our laboratory. The samples collected during 2017 were serotyped and characterized in the present study. RESULTS A total of 565 samples (59%) were positive for DENV of 958 samples tested by RT-PCR during 7 years (2011-2017). Our study has shown that most infections were caused by DENV-2 during 2011-2015. The data has shown occurrence of all four serotypes of DENV during 2015 and predominance of DENV-3 in 2016 and 2017. Further, predominant combination of DENV-1 and DENV-2 was found in most of the co-infections. To the best of our knowledge this is the first study showing the epidemiological trend of dengue fever in reference to the circulating DENV serotypes and co-infections from a hyperendemic region of New Delhi during 2011-2017. CONCLUSIONS This hyperendemic pattern of DENV and instantaneous shift in circulation of its serotypes is likely pose a greater risk of secondary infections. Inclusion of comprehensive community and hospital surveillance of dengue fever will assist in formulation and implementation of effective control measures.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Arshi Islam
- Centre for Interdisciplinary Research in Basic Sciences, Jamia Millia Islamia, New Delhi, India
| | - Mohd Abdullah
- Dr. M.A. Ansari Health Centre, Jamia Millia Islamia, New Delhi, India
| | - Ayesha Tazeen
- Centre for Interdisciplinary Research in Basic Sciences, Jamia Millia Islamia, New Delhi, India
| | - Irshad H Naqvi
- Dr. M.A. Ansari Health Centre, Jamia Millia Islamia, New Delhi, India
| | - Syed Naqui Kazim
- Centre for Interdisciplinary Research in Basic Sciences, Jamia Millia Islamia, New Delhi, India
| | - Anwar Ahmed
- Centre of Excellence in Biotechnology Research, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia; Protein Research Chair, Department of Biochemistry, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Salman Freeh Alamery
- Centre of Excellence in Biotechnology Research, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ajamaluddin Malik
- Protein Research Chair, Department of Biochemistry, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Shama Parveen
- Centre for Interdisciplinary Research in Basic Sciences, Jamia Millia Islamia, New Delhi, India.
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Multiple Lineages of Dengue Virus Serotype 2 Cosmopolitan Genotype Caused a Local Dengue Outbreak in Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, China, in 2017. Sci Rep 2019; 9:7345. [PMID: 31089152 PMCID: PMC6517437 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-43560-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2018] [Accepted: 04/26/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
During July to November 2017, a large dengue outbreak involving 1,138 indigenous cases occurred in Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, China. All patients were clinically diagnosed as mild dengue. Epidemiology investigation and phylogenetic analysis of circulating viruses revealed that at least three lineages of dengue virus serotype 2 (DENV-2) Cosmopolitan genotype initiated the outbreak during a short time. The analysis of the time to most recent common ancestor estimated that the putative ancestor of these DENV-2 lineages might rise no later than March, 2017, suggesting independent introductions of these lineages into Hangzhou. We presumed that group travelers visiting dengue-endemic areas gave rise to multiple introductions of these lineages during so short a time. Co-circulating of multiple DENV-2 lineages, emerging of disease in urban areas, hot and humid weather in Hangzhou adequate for mosquito breeding, and limited dengue diagnosis abilities of local hospitals, were the reasons causing the large local outbreak in Hangzhou.
Collapse
|
11
|
Parveen N, Islam A, Tazeen A, Hisamuddin M, Abdullah M, Naqvi IH, Faizan MI, Gulyani D, Ahmed A, Parveen S. Circulation of single serotype of Dengue Virus (DENV-3) in New Delhi, India during 2016: A change in the epidemiological trend. J Infect Public Health 2019; 12:49-56. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jiph.2018.08.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2017] [Revised: 07/20/2018] [Accepted: 08/27/2018] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
|
12
|
Phadungsombat J, Lin MYC, Srimark N, Yamanaka A, Nakayama EE, Moolasart V, Suttha P, Shioda T, Uttayamakul S. Emergence of genotype Cosmopolitan of dengue virus type 2 and genotype III of dengue virus type 3 in Thailand. PLoS One 2018; 13:e0207220. [PMID: 30419004 PMCID: PMC6231660 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0207220] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2018] [Accepted: 10/26/2018] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Dengue is a mosquito-borne disease that has spread to over 100 countries. Dengue fever is caused by dengue virus (DENV), which belongs to the Flavivirus genus of the family Flaviviridae. DENV comprises 4 serotypes (DENV-1 to DENV-4), and each serotype is divided into distinct genotypes. Thailand is an endemic area where all 4 serotypes of DENV co-circulate. To understand the current genotype distribution of DENVs in Thailand, we enrolled 100 cases of fever with dengue-like symptoms at the Bamrasnaradura Infectious Diseases Institute during 2016–2017. Among them, 37 cases were shown to be dengue-positive by real-time PCR. We were able to isolate DENVs from 21 cases, including 1 DENV-1, 8 DENV-2, 4 DENV-3, and 8 DENV-4. To investigate the divergence of the viruses, RNA was extracted from isolated DENVs and viral near-whole genome sequences were determined. Phylogenetic analysis of the obtained viral sequences revealed that DENV-2 genotype Cosmopolitan was co-circulating with DENV-2 genotype Asian-I, the previously predominating genotype in Thailand. Furthermore, DENV-3 genotype III was found instead of DENV-3 genotype II. The DENV-2 Cosmopolitan and DENV-3 genotype III found in Thailand were closely related to the respective strains found in nearby countries. These results indicated that DENVs in Thailand have increased in genotypic diversity, and suggested that the DENV genotypic shift observed in other Asian countries also might be taking place in Thailand.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Juthamas Phadungsombat
- Mahidol-Osaka Center for Infectious Diseases (MOCID), Faculty of Tropical Medicine, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | | | - Narinee Srimark
- Mahidol-Osaka Center for Infectious Diseases (MOCID), Faculty of Tropical Medicine, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Atsushi Yamanaka
- Mahidol-Osaka Center for Infectious Diseases (MOCID), Faculty of Tropical Medicine, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Emi E. Nakayama
- Mahidol-Osaka Center for Infectious Diseases (MOCID), Faculty of Tropical Medicine, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
- Research Institute for Microbial Diseases, Osaka University, Suita, Japan
| | - Visal Moolasart
- Bamrasnaradura Infectious Diseases Institute, Nonthaburi, Thailand
| | - Patama Suttha
- Bamrasnaradura Infectious Diseases Institute, Nonthaburi, Thailand
| | - Tatsuo Shioda
- Mahidol-Osaka Center for Infectious Diseases (MOCID), Faculty of Tropical Medicine, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
- Research Institute for Microbial Diseases, Osaka University, Suita, Japan
- * E-mail:
| | | |
Collapse
|
13
|
Cuypers L, Libin PJK, Simmonds P, Nowé A, Muñoz-Jordán J, Alcantara LCJ, Vandamme AM, Santiago GA, Theys K. Time to Harmonize Dengue Nomenclature and Classification. Viruses 2018; 10:E569. [PMID: 30340326 PMCID: PMC6213058 DOI: 10.3390/v10100569] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2018] [Revised: 10/05/2018] [Accepted: 10/15/2018] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Dengue virus (DENV) is estimated to cause 390 million infections per year worldwide. A quarter of these infections manifest clinically and are associated with a morbidity and mortality that put a significant burden on the affected regions. Reports of increased frequency, intensity, and extended geographical range of outbreaks highlight the virus's ongoing global spread. Persistent transmission in endemic areas and the emergence in territories formerly devoid of transmission have shaped DENV's current genetic diversity and divergence. This genetic layout is hierarchically organized in serotypes, genotypes, and sub-genotypic clades. While serotypes are well defined, the genotype nomenclature and classification system lack consistency, which complicates a broader analysis of their clinical and epidemiological characteristics. We identify five key challenges: (1) Currently, there is no formal definition of a DENV genotype; (2) Two different nomenclature systems are used in parallel, which causes significant confusion; (3) A standardized classification procedure is lacking so far; (4) No formal definition of sub-genotypic clades is in place; (5) There is no consensus on how to report antigenic diversity. Therefore, we believe that the time is right to re-evaluate DENV genetic diversity in an essential effort to provide harmonization across DENV studies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lize Cuypers
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Rega Institute for Medical Research, Clinical and Epidemiological Virology, KU Leuven, 3000 Leuven, Belgium.
- Nuffield Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford OX1 3SY, UK.
| | - Pieter J K Libin
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Rega Institute for Medical Research, Clinical and Epidemiological Virology, KU Leuven, 3000 Leuven, Belgium.
- Artificial Intelligence Lab, Department of Computer Science, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, 1050 Brussels, Belgium.
| | - Peter Simmonds
- Nuffield Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford OX1 3SY, UK.
| | - Ann Nowé
- Artificial Intelligence Lab, Department of Computer Science, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, 1050 Brussels, Belgium.
| | - Jorge Muñoz-Jordán
- Division of Vector-Borne Diseases, Dengue Branch, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, San Juan, PR 00920, USA.
| | | | - Anne-Mieke Vandamme
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Rega Institute for Medical Research, Clinical and Epidemiological Virology, KU Leuven, 3000 Leuven, Belgium.
- Global Health and Tropical Medicine, Unidade de Microbiologia, Instituto de Higiene e Medicina Tropical, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, 1349-008 Lisbon, Portugal.
| | - Gilberto A Santiago
- Division of Vector-Borne Diseases, Dengue Branch, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, San Juan, PR 00920, USA.
| | - Kristof Theys
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Rega Institute for Medical Research, Clinical and Epidemiological Virology, KU Leuven, 3000 Leuven, Belgium.
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Borkakoty B, Das M, Sarma K, Jakharia A, Das PK, Bhattacharya C, Apum B, Biswas D. Molecular characterisation and phylogenetic analysis of dengue outbreak in Pasighat, Arunachal Pradesh, Northeast India. Indian J Med Microbiol 2018; 36:37-42. [PMID: 29735824 DOI: 10.4103/ijmm.ijmm_17_30] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
Background and Objectives Dengue is one of the most prevalent arboviral diseases in the world with 390 million dengue infections per year. In this study, we report the molecular characterisation of dengue outbreak in Pasighat, Arunachal Pradesh, Northeast India during 2015. Subjects and Methods : A total of 613 dengue-suspected cases were screened for dengue virus by dengue NS1 Ag and anti-dengue IgM antibody depending on the duration of sample collection and onset of symptom. Further, molecular characterisation was done by amplifying the C-PrM region by real-time polymerase chain reaction followed by phylogenetic analysis. Results Molecular characterisation revealed that the dengue outbreak was predominantly due to dengue virus serotype-1 (DENV-1) (90.9%) while DENV-2 was detected in 7.5% of samples. Co-infection of DENV-1 and DENV-2 was detected in one case. Phylogenetic analysis of the DENV-1 strains with the prototype revealed that the DENV-1 strains were grouped within genotype III. Similarly, DENV-2 strains were clustered within genotype IV. The study revealed a change in the predominant serotype in recent years with DENV-3 in 2012 to DENV-1, 2, 3 and 4 in 2014 to DENV-1 in 2015 in the study region. A unique L24M mutation was observed in the DENV-1 strains of Arunachal Pradesh which was absent in all the circulating strains in India except one strain from the state of Kerala in South India. Marked variation within the DENV-2 strains was observed at A102V and I163V in one strain similar to earlier circulating isolates in India. Conclusions The present study reveals a shift in the serotype dominance in the study region. As serotype shifts and secondary infection with a heterologous DENV serotype are frequently associated with disease severity, there is an urgent need for sustained monitoring of the circulating serotypes and enhanced surveillance operations, especially in the monsoon and post-monsoon periods to prevent large-scale, severe dengue outbreaks in this region.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Mandakini Das
- ICMR- Regional Medical Research Centre, N. E. Region, Dibrugarh, Assam, India
| | - Kishore Sarma
- ICMR- Regional Medical Research Centre, N. E. Region, Dibrugarh, Assam, India
| | - Aniruddha Jakharia
- ICMR- Regional Medical Research Centre, N. E. Region, Dibrugarh, Assam, India
| | - Palash Kumar Das
- ICMR- Regional Medical Research Centre, N. E. Region, Dibrugarh, Assam, India
| | | | - Basumoti Apum
- Department of Microbiology, General Hospital, Pasighat, East Siang, Arunachal Pradesh, India
| | - Dipankar Biswas
- ICMR- Regional Medical Research Centre, N. E. Region, Dibrugarh, Assam, India
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Co-circulation of Chikungunya and Dengue viruses in Dengue endemic region of New Delhi, India during 2016. Epidemiol Infect 2018; 146:1642-1653. [PMID: 29986778 DOI: 10.1017/s0950268818001590] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Co-circulation of Chikungunya and Dengue viral infections (CHIKV and DENV) have been reported mainly due to transmission by common Aedes vector. The purpose of the study was to identify and characterise the circulating strains of CHIKV and DENV in DENV endemic region of New Delhi during 2016. CHIKV and DENV were identified in the blood samples (n = 130) collected from suspected patients by RT-PCR. CHIKV was identified in 26 of 65 samples (40%). Similarly, DENV was detected in 48 of 120 samples (40%). Co-infection with both the viruses was identified in five (9%) of the samples. Interestingly, concurrent infection with DENV, CHIKV and Plasmodium vivax was detected in two samples. CHIKV strains (n = 11) belonged to the ECSA genotype whereas DENV-3 sequences (n = eight) clustered in Genotype III by phylogenetic analysis. Selection pressure of E1 protein of CHIKV and CprM protein of DENV-3 revealed purifying selection with four and two positive sites, respectively. Four amino acids of the CHIKV were positively selected and had high entropy suggesting probable variations. Co-circulation of both viruses in DENV endemic regions warrants effective monitoring of these emerging pathogens via comprehensive surveillance for implementation of effective control measures.
Collapse
|
16
|
Pollett S, Melendrez MC, Maljkovic Berry I, Duchêne S, Salje H, Cummings DAT, Jarman RG. Understanding dengue virus evolution to support epidemic surveillance and counter-measure development. INFECTION GENETICS AND EVOLUTION 2018; 62:279-295. [PMID: 29704626 DOI: 10.1016/j.meegid.2018.04.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2017] [Revised: 04/20/2018] [Accepted: 04/24/2018] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Dengue virus (DENV) causes a profound burden of morbidity and mortality, and its global burden is rising due to the co-circulation of four divergent DENV serotypes in the ecological context of globalization, travel, climate change, urbanization, and expansion of the geographic range of the Ae.aegypti and Ae.albopictus vectors. Understanding DENV evolution offers valuable opportunities to enhance surveillance and response to DENV epidemics via advances in RNA virus sequencing, bioinformatics, phylogenetic and other computational biology methods. Here we provide a scoping overview of the evolution and molecular epidemiology of DENV and the range of ways that evolutionary analyses can be applied as a public health tool against this arboviral pathogen.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- S Pollett
- Viral Diseases Branch, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring, MD, USA; Marie Bashir Institute, University of Sydney, NSW, Australia; Institute for Global Health Sciences, University of California at San Francisco, CA, USA.
| | - M C Melendrez
- Viral Diseases Branch, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring, MD, USA
| | - I Maljkovic Berry
- Viral Diseases Branch, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring, MD, USA
| | - S Duchêne
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Bio21 Molecular Science and Biotechnology Institute, University of Melbourne, Australia
| | - H Salje
- Institut Pasteur, Paris, France; Johns Hopkins School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - D A T Cummings
- Johns Hopkins School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, USA; University of Florida, FL, USA
| | - R G Jarman
- Viral Diseases Branch, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring, MD, USA
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Shrivastava S, Tiraki D, Diwan A, Lalwani SK, Modak M, Mishra AC, Arankalle VA. Co-circulation of all the four dengue virus serotypes and detection of a novel clade of DENV-4 (genotype I) virus in Pune, India during 2016 season. PLoS One 2018; 13:e0192672. [PMID: 29470509 PMCID: PMC5823370 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0192672] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2017] [Accepted: 01/22/2018] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Dengue is the most common mosquito-borne viral infection in tropical and sub-tropical countries. In recent years, India has reported increased incidences of concurrent infection with multiple serotypes of dengue viruses (DENV). In the present study, we have characterized DENV circulating during a single season of 2016 in Pune, India. A total of 64 serum samples from NS1 ELISA positive dengue patients were used for PCR amplification of CprM region of the viral genome and sequencing. Phylogenetic analysis documented circulation of all the four DENV serotypes with predominance of DENV-2 (40.6%). DENV genotyping classified DENV-1 to Genotype V, DENV-2 to Genotype IV, DENV-3 to Genotype III and DENV-4 to Genotype I. Further analysis revealed emergence of a novel clade (D) of genotype I of DENV-4. Subsequent isolation of three DENV-4 viruses in cell culture followed by complete genome sequence analysis confirmed this observation. Additionally, a new genotype within serotype-4 with >6.7% sequence variation from other genotypes was identified. This first report of significant co-circulation of all the four serotypes in a single outbreak in Pune reconfirms need for molecular monitoring of DENV.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shubham Shrivastava
- Department of Communicable Diseases, Interactive Research School for Health Affairs, Bharati Vidyapeeth Deemed University, Pune, Maharashtra, India
| | - Divya Tiraki
- Department of Communicable Diseases, Interactive Research School for Health Affairs, Bharati Vidyapeeth Deemed University, Pune, Maharashtra, India
| | - Arundhati Diwan
- Department of Medicine, Bharati Vidyapeeth Deemed University Medical College, Pune, Maharashtra, India
| | - Sanjay K. Lalwani
- Department of Pediatrics, Bharati Vidyapeeth Deemed University Medical College, Pune, Maharashtra, India
| | - Meera Modak
- Department of Microbiology, Bharati Vidyapeeth Deemed University Medical College, Pune, Maharashtra, India
| | - Akhilesh Chandra Mishra
- Department of Communicable Diseases, Interactive Research School for Health Affairs, Bharati Vidyapeeth Deemed University, Pune, Maharashtra, India
| | - Vidya A. Arankalle
- Department of Communicable Diseases, Interactive Research School for Health Affairs, Bharati Vidyapeeth Deemed University, Pune, Maharashtra, India
- * E-mail:
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Cecilia D, Patil J, Kakade M, Walimbe A, Alagarasu K, Anukumar B, Abraham A. Emergence of the Asian genotype of DENV-1 in South India. Virology 2017; 510:40-45. [DOI: 10.1016/j.virol.2017.07.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2017] [Revised: 06/29/2017] [Accepted: 07/03/2017] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
|
19
|
Parvez MK, Parveen S. Evolution and Emergence of Pathogenic Viruses: Past, Present, and Future. Intervirology 2017; 60:1-7. [PMID: 28772262 PMCID: PMC7179518 DOI: 10.1159/000478729] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2016] [Accepted: 06/14/2017] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Incidences of emerging/re-emerging deadly viral infections have significantly affected human health despite extraordinary progress in the area of biomedical knowledge. The best examples are the recurring outbreaks of dengue and chikungunya fever in tropical and sub-tropical regions, the recent epidemic of Zika in the Americas and the Caribbean, and the SARS, MERS, and influenza A outbreaks across the globe. The established natural reservoirs of human viruses are mainly farm animals, and, to a lesser extent, wild animals and arthropods. The intricate "host-pathogen-environment" relationship remains the key to understanding the emergence/re-emergence of pathogenic viruses. High population density, rampant constructions, poor sanitation, changing climate, and the introduction of anthropophilic vectors create selective pressure on host-pathogen reservoirs. Nevertheless, the knowledge and understanding of such zoonoses and pathogen diversity in their known non-human reservoirs are very limited. Prevention of arboviral infections using vector control methods has not been very successful. Currently, new approaches to protect against food-borne infections, such as consuming only properly cooked meats and animal products, are the most effective control measures. Though significant progress in controlling human immunodeficiency virus and hepatitis viruses has been achieved, the unpredictable nature of evolving viruses and the rare occasions of outbreaks severely hamper control and preventive modalities.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad K. Parvez
- Department of Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Shama Parveen
- Center for Interdisciplinary Research in Basic Sciences, Jamia Millia Islamia, New Delhi, India
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Co-circulation and co-infections of all dengue virus serotypes in Hyderabad, India 2014. Epidemiol Infect 2017; 145:2563-2574. [DOI: 10.1017/s0950268817001479] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
SUMMARYThe burden of dengue virus infections increased globally during recent years. Though India is considered as dengue hyper-endemic country, limited data are available on disease epidemiology. The present study includes molecular characterization of dengue virus strains occurred in Hyderabad, India, during the year 2014. A total of 120 febrile cases were recruited for this study, which includes only children and 41 were serologically confirmed for dengue positive infections using non-structural (NS1) and/or IgG/IgM ELISA tests. RT-PCR, nucleotide sequencing and evolutionary analyses were carried out to identify the circulating serotypes/genotypes. The data indicated a high percent of severe dengue (63%) in primary infections. Simultaneous circulation of all four serotypes and co-infections were observed for the first time in Hyderabad, India. In total, 15 patients were co-infected with more than one dengue serotype and 12 (80%) of them had severe dengue. One of the striking findings of the present study is the identification of serotype Den-1 as the first report from this region and this strain showed close relatedness to the Thailand 1980 strains but not to any of the strains reported from India until now. Phylogenetically, all four strains of the present study showed close relatedness to the strains, which are reported to be high virulent.
Collapse
|
21
|
Banerjee I. Dengue: The break-bone fever outbreak in Kerala, India. Nepal J Epidemiol 2017; 7:666-669. [PMID: 29181227 PMCID: PMC5673243 DOI: 10.3126/nje.v7i2.17972] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2017] [Revised: 06/20/2017] [Accepted: 06/29/2017] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Recently a shocking intensification of dengue cases has also been seen in India in 2017. The common serotype of Dengue Asian genotype of DENV-1 was detected in South India in 2012.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Indrajit Banerjee
- Associate Professor, Department of Pharmacology, Chitwan Medical College and Teaching Hospital Bharatpur, Nepal
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Complete genome characterization and evolutionary analysis of serotype-4 associated with severe dengue. Epidemiol Infect 2017; 145:1443-1450. [PMID: 28215186 DOI: 10.1017/s0950268817000243] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
Abstract
Dengue virus circulates as four independent serotypes posing a major public health threat around the globe. In the recent years, frequent dengue outbreaks are being reported in many parts of the world including India. Among four serotypes, Den-4 is the least sampled and studied serotype until recent times, but the reported cases with Den-4 infections were mostly known to associate with severe dengue. In the past three decades, only one complete genome sequence of Den-4 has been published from India. Hence there is a deficit in information with reference to this serotype which would be required in deciphering its association with severe dengue. In this study, we have carried out the complete genome characterization of Den-4 virus, isolated from a dengue shock syndrome patient during the 2015 outbreak from Hyderabad, South India. Phylogenetic analysis revealed the circulation of genotype I (lineage C) which showed close relatedness to the reported virulent strains. The data also indicated few unique amino acid substitutions which are known to be important in virus replication and epitope presentation. This is the first report of complete genome characterization of Den-4 from South India, which may assist in shaping the genetic diversity of circulating strains in India.
Collapse
|
23
|
Molecular characterization and genotype shift of dengue virus strains between 2001 and 2014 in Guangzhou. Epidemiol Infect 2016; 145:760-765. [PMID: 27919298 PMCID: PMC5426331 DOI: 10.1017/s0950268816002429] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
We studied the evolution, genotypes, and the molecular clock of dengue virus serotype 1 (DENV-1), between 2001 and 2014 in Guangzhou, China. The analysis of the envelope (E) gene sequences of 67 DENV-1 strains isolated in Guangzhou, together with 58 representative sequences downloaded from NCBI, have shown shifts in viral genotypes. The genotype changed several times, from genotype I to IV in 2002, from IV to I in 2005, and from I to V in 2014. These genotype shifts may be the cause of DENV outbreaks. The diversity of genotypes and clades demonstrates a high risk of future outbreaks in Guangzhou. The mean rate of virus nucleotide substitution in Guangzhou was determined to be 7·77 × 10−4 per site per year, which represents a medium substitution rate compared to two other countries. Our research can point to different ancestors of the isolated strains, which may further reveal the different origins and transmission of DENV-1 strains in Guangzhou.
Collapse
|
24
|
Abstract
Dengue fever is an arthropod-borne viral infection that has become endemic in several parts of India including Delhi. We studied occurrence of co-infection with dengue viruses during an outbreak in New Delhi, India in 2014. For the present study, blood samples collected from symptomatic patients were analysed by RT-PCR. Eighty percent of the samples were positive for dengue virus. The result showed that DENV-1 (77%) was the predominant serotype followed by DENV-2 (60%). Concurrent infection with more than one serotype was identified in 43% of the positive samples. Phylogenetic analysis clustered DENV-1 strains with the American African and DENV-2 strains in Cosmopolitan genotypes. Four common amino-acid mutations were identified in the envelope gene of DENV-1 sequences (F337I, A369T, V380I and L402F) and one common mutation (N390S) in the DENV-2 sequences. Further analysis revealed purifying selection in both the serotypes. A significant number of patients were co-infected with DENV-1 and DENV-2 serotypes. Although we do not have direct evidence to demonstrate co-evolution of these two stereotypes, nonetheless their simultaneous occurrence does indicate that they are favoured by evolutionary forces. An ongoing surveillance and careful analysis of future outbreaks will strengthen the concept of co-evolution or otherwise. Whether the concurrent dengue viral infection is correlated with disease severity in a given population is another aspect to be pursued. This study is envisaged to be useful for future reference in the context of overall epidemiology.
Collapse
|
25
|
Afreen N, Naqvi IH, Broor S, Ahmed A, Kazim SN, Dohare R, Kumar M, Parveen S. Evolutionary Analysis of Dengue Serotype 2 Viruses Using Phylogenetic and Bayesian Methods from New Delhi, India. PLoS Negl Trop Dis 2016; 10:e0004511. [PMID: 26977703 PMCID: PMC4792444 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pntd.0004511] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2015] [Accepted: 02/12/2016] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Dengue fever is the most important arboviral disease in the tropical and sub-tropical countries of the world. Delhi, the metropolitan capital state of India, has reported many dengue outbreaks, with the last outbreak occurring in 2013. We have recently reported predominance of dengue virus serotype 2 during 2011-2014 in Delhi. In the present study, we report molecular characterization and evolutionary analysis of dengue serotype 2 viruses which were detected in 2011-2014 in Delhi. Envelope genes of 42 DENV-2 strains were sequenced in the study. All DENV-2 strains grouped within the Cosmopolitan genotype and further clustered into three lineages; Lineage I, II and III. Lineage III replaced lineage I during dengue fever outbreak of 2013. Further, a novel mutation Thr404Ile was detected in the stem region of the envelope protein of a single DENV-2 strain in 2014. Nucleotide substitution rate and time to the most recent common ancestor were determined by molecular clock analysis using Bayesian methods. A change in effective population size of Indian DENV-2 viruses was investigated through Bayesian skyline plot. The study will be a vital road map for investigation of epidemiology and evolutionary pattern of dengue viruses in India.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nazia Afreen
- Centre for Interdisciplinary Research in Basic Sciences, Jamia Millia Islamia, New Delhi, India
| | - Irshad H. Naqvi
- Dr. M.A. Ansari Health Centre, Jamia Millia Islamia, New Delhi, India
| | - Shobha Broor
- Department of Microbiology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Anwar Ahmed
- Protein Research Chair, Department of Biochemistry, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Syed Naqui Kazim
- Centre for Interdisciplinary Research in Basic Sciences, Jamia Millia Islamia, New Delhi, India
| | - Ravins Dohare
- Centre for Interdisciplinary Research in Basic Sciences, Jamia Millia Islamia, New Delhi, India
| | - Manoj Kumar
- Centre for Culture, Media & Governance, Jamia Millia Islamia, New Delhi, India
| | - Shama Parveen
- Centre for Interdisciplinary Research in Basic Sciences, Jamia Millia Islamia, New Delhi, India
| |
Collapse
|