1
|
Wang Y, Li Z, He J, Zhao Y. Quercetin Regulates Lipid Metabolism and Fat Accumulation by Regulating Inflammatory Responses and Glycometabolism Pathways: A Review. Nutrients 2024; 16:1102. [PMID: 38674793 PMCID: PMC11053503 DOI: 10.3390/nu16081102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/29/2024] [Revised: 04/03/2024] [Accepted: 04/08/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Fat synthesis and lipolysis are natural processes in growth and have a close association with health. Fat provides energy, maintains physiological function, and so on, and thus plays a significant role in the body. However, excessive/abnormal fat accumulation leads to obesity and lipid metabolism disorder, which can have a detrimental impact on growth and even harm one's health. Aside from genetic effects, there are a range of factors related to obesity, such as excessive nutrient intake, inflammation, glycometabolism disease, and so on. These factors could serve as potential targets for anti-obesity therapy. Quercetin is a flavonol that has received a lot of attention recently because of its role in anti-obesity. It was thought to have the ability to regulate lipid metabolism and have a positive effect on anti-obesity, but the processes are still unknown. Recent studies have shown the role of quercetin in lipid metabolism might be related to its effects on inflammatory responses and glycometabolism. The references were chosen for this review with no date restrictions applied based on the topics they addressed, and the databases PubMed and Web of Sicence was used to conduct the references research, using the following search terms: "quercetin", "obesity", "inflammation", "glycometabolism", "insulin sensitivity", etc. This review summarizes the potential mechanisms of quercetin in alleviating lipid metabolism through anti-inflammatory and hypoglycemic signaling pathways, and describes the possible signaling pathways in the interaction of inflammation and glycometabolism, with the goal of providing references for future research and application of quercetin in the regulation of lipid metabolism.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Jianhua He
- College of Animal Science & Technology, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China; (Y.W.); (Z.L.)
| | - Yurong Zhao
- College of Animal Science & Technology, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China; (Y.W.); (Z.L.)
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Arfuso F, Minuti A, Liotta L, Giannetto C, Trevisi E, Piccione G, Lopreiato V. Stress and inflammatory response of cows and their calves during peripartum and early neonatal period. Theriogenology 2023; 196:157-166. [PMID: 36423510 DOI: 10.1016/j.theriogenology.2022.11.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2022] [Revised: 11/09/2022] [Accepted: 11/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Stress, inflammatory response, and their relationship were investigated in Simmental cows during the transition period (N = 8; 5 multiparous and 3 primiparous) and in their calves (N = 8; 5 heifers and 3 bulls). From cows, blood was collected at days -21 (±4), 0, +1, +7, and +21 days relative to calving. From calves, blood was collected after birth before colostrum intake (0) and then at 1, 7, and 15 days of age. Cortisol, Interleukin 6 (IL-6) and haptoglobin concentration was assessed by ELISA technique; white blood cells (WBC) were assessed using an ADVIA 2120 Hematology System machine. One-way ANOVA showed an effect of time for all the investigated parameters (P < 0.001) except for lymphocytes in peripartal cows. At calving and 1 d after, cortisol concentration was negatively correlated with levels of IL-6, WBC, and monocytes, whereas levels of IL-6 were positively correlated with WBC, neutrophils, and monocytes count. Cortisol, IL-6, haptoglobin, WBC and all leukocyte populations were affected by the age of neonatal calves (P < 0.001) except for neutrophils. A negative correlation between cortisol and IL-6, neutrophils, monocytes and haptoglobin was found at 15 days of age. A positive correlation between IL-6 and haptoglobin at day 15 of age, and with neutrophils and monocytes at days 7 and 15 of age was found. A positive correlation was obtained between cortisol levels measured in cows around calving and those obtained in calves after birth before colostrum intake (r = 0.83), and between IL-6 concentrations obtained from cows at calving and 1 d after and those obtained in calves at day 1 of age, after the colostrum intake (r = 0.93 and 0.79, respectively). The study suggests that immune function of peripartal cows is in an active state and that, in addition to other well-known factors driving the changes of parameters herein investigated, cortisol could have a role in the immune-modulatory adjustment during peripartum in cows. Furthermore, it can be hypothesized that cortisol is transferred from the cow to newborn calf through the placenta only and not through colostrum, whereas IL-6 levels in calves during the 24 h after birth seem to be influenced by IL-6 values measured in cows around calving due to its transfer through colostrum.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Francesca Arfuso
- Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Messina, Polo University Annunziata, 98168, Messina, Italy
| | - Andrea Minuti
- Department of Animal Sciences, Food and Nutrition (DiANA), Faculty of Agriculture, Food and Environmental Sciences, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, 29122, Piacenza, Italy
| | - Luigi Liotta
- Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Messina, Polo University Annunziata, 98168, Messina, Italy
| | - Claudia Giannetto
- Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Messina, Polo University Annunziata, 98168, Messina, Italy.
| | - Erminio Trevisi
- Department of Animal Sciences, Food and Nutrition (DiANA), Faculty of Agriculture, Food and Environmental Sciences, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, 29122, Piacenza, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Piccione
- Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Messina, Polo University Annunziata, 98168, Messina, Italy
| | - Vincenzo Lopreiato
- Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Messina, Polo University Annunziata, 98168, Messina, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Zenobi M, Bollatti J, Lopez A, Barton B, Hixson C, Maunsell F, Thatcher W, Miller-Cushon K, Santos J, Staples C, Nelson C. Effects of maternal choline supplementation on performance and immunity of progeny from birth to weaning. J Dairy Sci 2022; 105:9896-9916. [DOI: 10.3168/jds.2021-21689] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2021] [Accepted: 07/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
|
4
|
Ceniti C, Costanzo N, Morittu VM, Tilocca B, Roncada P, Britti D. Review: Colostrum as an Emerging food: Nutraceutical Properties and Food Supplement. FOOD REVIEWS INTERNATIONAL 2022. [DOI: 10.1080/87559129.2022.2034165] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Carlotta Ceniti
- Department of Health Sciences University “Magna Græcia” of Catanzaro, Campus Universitario “S. Venuta”, Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Nicola Costanzo
- Department of Health Sciences University “Magna Græcia” of Catanzaro, Campus Universitario “S. Venuta”, Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Valeria Maria Morittu
- Department of Health Sciences University “Magna Græcia” of Catanzaro, Campus Universitario “S. Venuta”, Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Bruno Tilocca
- Department of Health Sciences University “Magna Græcia” of Catanzaro, Campus Universitario “S. Venuta”, Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Paola Roncada
- Department of Health Sciences University “Magna Græcia” of Catanzaro, Campus Universitario “S. Venuta”, Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Domenico Britti
- Department of Health Sciences University “Magna Græcia” of Catanzaro, Campus Universitario “S. Venuta”, Catanzaro, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Quercetin induces apoptosis and enhances gemcitabine therapeutic efficacy against gemcitabine-resistant cancer cells. Anticancer Drugs 2021; 31:684-692. [PMID: 32282368 DOI: 10.1097/cad.0000000000000933] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Quercetin, an abundant flavonoid found in various fruits and vegetables, displays multiple biological activities, including anticancer effects. Therefore, quercetin is receiving increasing attention as a potential adjuvant anticancer treatment. Gemcitabine (GEM) resistance is a major issue for clinicians and patients with advanced cancers, making it crucial to determine ways to bolster its effects. In this study, we explored the anticancer effects and mechanistic actions of quercetin in GEM-resistant cancer cells. Pancreatic cancer (BxPC-3, PANC-1) and hepatocellular carcinoma (HepG2, Huh-7) cell lines were studied. Proliferation assays showed that quercetin had cytotoxic effects on GEM-resistant cell lines (HepG2 and PANC-1), and flow cytometric analysis indicated a significant pro-apoptotic effect on these cell lines. GEM treatment, in combination with quercetin, resulted in increased anticancer effects compared with GEM alone. Quercetin led to S phase arrest in GEM-resistant cell lines, and western blot analysis revealed tumour protein p53 upregulation and cyclin D1 downregulation. This study provides mechanistic insight into the anticancer effects of quercetin and suggests that quercetin adjuvant treatment may benefit patients who are resistant to GEM therapy.
Collapse
|
6
|
Uken KL, Vogel L, Gnott M, Görs S, Schäff CT, Tuchscherer A, Hoeflich A, Weitzel JM, Kanitz E, Tröscher A, Sauerwein H, Zitnan R, Bruckmaier RM, Gross JJ, Liermann W, Hammon HM. Effect of maternal supplementation with essential fatty acids and conjugated linoleic acid on metabolic and endocrine development in neonatal calves. J Dairy Sci 2021; 104:7295-7314. [PMID: 33715856 DOI: 10.3168/jds.2020-20039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2020] [Accepted: 01/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
We tested the hypothesis that the maternal supply of essential fatty acids (EFA), especially α-linolenic acid, and conjugated linoleic acid (CLA), affects glucose metabolism, the endocrine regulation of energy metabolism and growth, and the intestinal development of neonatal calves. We studied calves from dams that received an abomasal infusion of 76 g/d coconut oil (CTRL; n = 9), 78 g/d linseed oil and 4 g/d safflower oil (EFA; n = 9), 38 g/d Lutalin (BASF SE) containing 27% cis-9,trans-11 and trans-10,cis-12 CLA (CLA; n = 9), or a combination of EFA and CLA (EFA+CLA; n = 11) during the last 63 d of gestation and early lactation. Calves received colostrum and transition milk from their own dam for the first 5 d of life. Insulin-like growth factor (IGF)-I, leptin, and adiponectin concentrations were measured in milk. Blood samples were taken before first colostrum intake, 24 h after birth, and from d 3 to 5 of life before morning feeding to measure metabolic and endocrine traits in plasma. On d 3 of life, energy expenditure was evaluated by a bolus injection of NaH13CO3 and determination of CO2 appearance rate. On d 4, additional blood samples were taken to evaluate glucose first-pass uptake and 13CO2 enrichment after [13C6]-glucose feeding and intravenous [6,6-2H2]-glucose bolus injection, as well as postprandial changes in glucose, nonesterified fatty acids (NEFA), insulin, and glucagon. On d 5, calves were killed 2 h after feeding and samples of small intestinal mucosa were taken for histomorphometric measurements. The concentrations of IGF-I, adiponectin, and leptin in milk decreased during early lactation in all groups, and the concentrations of leptin in first colostrum was higher in EFA than in CTRL cows. Plasma glucose concentration before first colostrum intake was higher in EFA calves than in non-EFA calves and was lower in CLA calves than in non-CLA calves. Plasma IGF-I concentration was higher on d 1 before colostrum intake in EFA calves than in EFA+CLA calves and indicated an overall CLA effect, with lower plasma IGF-I in CLA than in non-CLA calves. Postprandial NEFA concentration was lowest in EFA and CLA calves. The postprandial rise in plasma insulin was higher in EFA than in non-EFA calves. Plasma adiponectin concentration increased from d 1 to d 2 in all groups and was higher on d 3 in CLA than in non-CLA calves. Plasma leptin concentration was higher on d 4 and 5 in EFA than in non-EFA calves. Maternal fatty acid treatment did not affect energy expenditure and first-pass glucose uptake, but glucose uptake on d 4 was faster in EFA than in non-EFA calves. Crypt depth was lower, and the ratio of villus height to crypt depth was higher in the ilea of CLA than non-CLA calves. Elevated plasma glucose and IGF-I in EFA calves immediately after birth may indicate an improved energetic status in calves when dams are supplemented with EFA. Maternal EFA and CLA supplementation influenced postprandial metabolic changes and affected factors related to the neonatal insulin response.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- K L Uken
- Leibniz Institute for Farm Animal Biology (FBN), 18196 Dummerstorf, Germany
| | - L Vogel
- Leibniz Institute for Farm Animal Biology (FBN), 18196 Dummerstorf, Germany
| | - M Gnott
- Leibniz Institute for Farm Animal Biology (FBN), 18196 Dummerstorf, Germany
| | - S Görs
- Leibniz Institute for Farm Animal Biology (FBN), 18196 Dummerstorf, Germany
| | - C T Schäff
- Leibniz Institute for Farm Animal Biology (FBN), 18196 Dummerstorf, Germany
| | - A Tuchscherer
- Leibniz Institute for Farm Animal Biology (FBN), 18196 Dummerstorf, Germany
| | - A Hoeflich
- Leibniz Institute for Farm Animal Biology (FBN), 18196 Dummerstorf, Germany
| | - J M Weitzel
- Leibniz Institute for Farm Animal Biology (FBN), 18196 Dummerstorf, Germany
| | - E Kanitz
- Leibniz Institute for Farm Animal Biology (FBN), 18196 Dummerstorf, Germany
| | | | - H Sauerwein
- Institute of Animal Science, Physiology Unit, University of Bonn, 53115 Bonn, Germany
| | - R Zitnan
- Institute of Nutrition, Research Institute for Animal Production Nitra, National Agricultural and Food Center, 95141 Luzianky, Slovakia
| | - R M Bruckmaier
- Veterinary Physiology, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Bern, 3001 Bern, Switzerland
| | - J J Gross
- Veterinary Physiology, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Bern, 3001 Bern, Switzerland
| | - W Liermann
- Leibniz Institute for Farm Animal Biology (FBN), 18196 Dummerstorf, Germany
| | - H M Hammon
- Leibniz Institute for Farm Animal Biology (FBN), 18196 Dummerstorf, Germany.
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Ghaffari MH, Hammon HM, Frieten D, Gerbert C, Dusel G, Koch C. Effects of milk replacer meal size on feed intake, growth performance, and blood metabolites and hormones of calves fed milk replacer with or without butyrate ad libitum: A cluster-analytic approach. J Dairy Sci 2021; 104:4650-4664. [PMID: 33589259 DOI: 10.3168/jds.2020-18626] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2020] [Accepted: 12/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
This study intended to classify ad libitum-fed calves according to their milk replacer (MR) meal size using the K-means clustering approach. This study aimed to investigate the effects of MR meal size on feed intake, growth performance, and blood metabolic and hormones of ad libitum MR-fed calves. German Holstein calves (16 male and 16 female) were studied from birth until d 77 of age. All calves received first colostrum (2.5 kg) milked from their dams within 2 h after birth. Subsequent colostrum meals (subsequent 4 meals until 2.5 d of age; 2 meals/d) and MR (125 g of powder/L; 21.7% crude protein, 18.6% crude fat) were fed ad libitum by teat bucket until d 10 ± 2 of age. Afterward, calves were housed in group pens with automatic feeders for MR (maximum of 25 L/d) and concentrate from 10 ± 3 d of age. Half of the calves received MR supplemented with butyrate to improve growth performance. Milk intake was stepped down to 2 L/d from wk 9 to 10, and 2 L/d of MR were offered until the end of the study. On d 1, 2, 4, and 7, and then weekly until wk 11 of age, blood samples were collected for measurement of metabolites and hormones related to energy metabolism and growth. The K-means cluster analysis on the MR meal size data collected from the automatic feeder resulted in 3 clusters (n = 14, n = 12, and n = 6). Two clusters with a sufficient cluster size (n = 14 and n = 12) were included for further statistical analysis using repeated measures mixed-model ANOVA. In both clusters, butyrate supplementation was equally distributed and failed to affect a difference in MR meal size. Cluster 1 showed calves with higher MR meal size (HI; 2.2 ± 0.11 L/visit of MR) and cluster 2 with lower meal size (LO; 1.8 ± 0.07 L/visit of MR) supplemented MR without (HIB-; n = 6; LOB-, n = 7) or with 0.33% calcium-sodium butyrate (HIB+; n = 6; LOB+, n = 7). Dry matter intake of MR did not differ between HI and LO, but intakes of concentrate and total dry matter tended to be greater in HI than in LO and increased more distinctly in HI than in LO at the end of the study. The average daily gain (g/d) was greater in HI than in LO. Plasma concentrations of total protein (g/L), albumin (g/L), glucose (mmol/L), urea (mmol/L), insulin (µg/L), and glucagon (ng/L) were higher, and the concentrations of insulin-like growth factor I tended to be higher, in HI than in LO calves. Plasma β-hydroxybutyrate was higher in LO than in HI at d 63 and lower in calves fed MR with butyrate at d 77. In conclusion, clustering analysis discriminates 2 main groups of calves with different MR meal size and indicates an effect of MR meal size on solid feed intake, growth performance, and metabolic changes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Morteza H Ghaffari
- Institute of Animal Science, Physiology Unit, University of Bonn, 53115 Bonn, Germany
| | - Harald M Hammon
- Institute of Nutritional Physiology "Oskar Kellner," Leibniz Institute for Farm Animal Biology (FBN), 18196 Dummerstorf, Germany.
| | - Dörte Frieten
- Department of Life Sciences and Engineering, University of Applied Sciences Bingen, 55411 Bingen am Rhein, Germany
| | - Caroline Gerbert
- Educational and Research Centre for Animal Husbandry, Hofgut Neumuehle, 67728 Münchweiler an der Alsenz, Germany
| | - Georg Dusel
- Department of Life Sciences and Engineering, University of Applied Sciences Bingen, 55411 Bingen am Rhein, Germany
| | - Christian Koch
- Educational and Research Centre for Animal Husbandry, Hofgut Neumuehle, 67728 Münchweiler an der Alsenz, Germany.
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Effects of hydrolyzed cottonseed protein added to poor or good quality colostrum and milk on performance, health, and metabolism in Holstein dairy calves. Anim Feed Sci Technol 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.anifeedsci.2020.114694] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
|
9
|
Morshedy SA, Abdal Mohsen AE, Basyony MM, Almeer R, Abdel-Daim MM, El-Gindy YM. Effect of Prickly Pear Cactus Peel Supplementation on Milk Production, Nutrient Digestibility and Rumen Fermentation of Sheep and the Maternal Effects on Growth and Physiological Performance of Suckling Offspring. Animals (Basel) 2020; 10:ani10091476. [PMID: 32842624 PMCID: PMC7552258 DOI: 10.3390/ani10091476] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2020] [Revised: 08/19/2020] [Accepted: 08/20/2020] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary The agricultural byproducts commonly used as a feedstuff depend on their high abundance and the nutritional composition. Moreover, several agricultural byproducts are a valuable source of active ingredients, which could be used as feed supplements to improve the quality of formulated diets and animal performance. The present study evaluated the use of prickly pear cactus peels (Opuntia ficus-indica, PPCP) as an agricultural byproduct rich with phytochemicals in the diet of lactating Barki ewes at two doses (5 and 10 g/head/day). Supplementation with 5 g PPCP improves the milk production and composition of ewes. The maternal effect of supplementation of both doses of PPCP in the diets of lactating Barki ewes has been successful to improve the serum lipid profile, kidney function, hormonal and antioxidant status of their suckling lambs. Moreover, supplementation with 5 g PPCP improves the nutrient digestibility and rumen fermentation parameters in the sheep. Abstract Prickly pear cactus peels (Opuntia ficus-indica, PPCP) are sustainable byproducts available in arid regions and a rich source of antioxidants. Fifteen multiparous Barki ewes (2–3 years old, 46.94 ± 0.59 kg body weight, BW) at postpartum were individually distributed in three equal groups and fed diets supplemented with PPCP at doses of 0, 5 and 10 g/head/day. Lambs were individually distributed into three equal groups according to their mothers’ groups to investigate the maternal effect on lambs’ growth performance, hematology and serum metabolites. This trial lasted for 56 days from birth to weaning. Moreover, nine adult male Barki sheep with a live BW of 65.76 ± 0.54 kg were randomly allocated into three equal groups to determine the effect of PPCP on the nutrient digestibility of the experimental diets. The results indicate that supplementing PPCP at low levels (5 g/head/day) increased milk yield (p = 0.050), fat-corrected milk (p = 0.022), energy-corrected milk (p = 0.015) and the yield of milk constituents compared to 10 g PPCP and the control group. In addition, lambs suckling from ewes fed the diet supplemented with 5 g PPCP had a higher (p = 0.001) weaning BW compared to other groups. Serum total protein, globulin, superoxide dismutase, glutathione peroxidase enzyme activities and the triiodothyronine hormone improved significantly in lambs suckling from ewes fed diets supplemented with 5 g PPCP compared to the control group. Serum cholesterol profile and kidney activities were enhanced significantly in lambs suckling from ewes fed diets supplemented with 5 and 10 g of PPCP compared to the control group. The dietary supplementation of 5 g PPCP improved the crude protein digestibility, digestible crude protein value, nitrogen balance and rumen fermentation characteristics of male sheep compared to the control group. In conclusion, supplementation with 5 g PPCP improved ewes’ milk production, offspring growth and physiological status. Furthermore, it improved the crude protein digestibility and rumen fermentation characteristics of Barki sheep.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sabrin A. Morshedy
- Fish and Animal Production Department, Faculty of Agriculture (Saba Basha), Alexandria University, P.O. Box 21531, Alexandria 21500, Egypt;
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +20-12-2658-5243
| | - Aymen E. Abdal Mohsen
- Animal Production Research Institute, Agriculture Research Center, Doki 12622, Egypt; (A.E.A.M.); (M.M.B.)
| | - Mohamed M. Basyony
- Animal Production Research Institute, Agriculture Research Center, Doki 12622, Egypt; (A.E.A.M.); (M.M.B.)
| | - Rafa Almeer
- Department of Zoology, College of Science, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2455, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia; (R.A.); (M.M.A.-D.)
| | - Mohamed M. Abdel-Daim
- Department of Zoology, College of Science, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2455, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia; (R.A.); (M.M.A.-D.)
- Pharmacology Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Suez Canal University, Ismailia 41522, Egypt
| | - Yassmine M. El-Gindy
- Fish and Animal Production Department, Faculty of Agriculture (Saba Basha), Alexandria University, P.O. Box 21531, Alexandria 21500, Egypt;
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Kumar P, Bharti VK, Mukesh M. Chemometric Analysis of Antioxidant and Mineral Elements in Colostrum of Native and Non-native Goat Breeds to Hypoxic Conditions at High Altitude. Biol Trace Elem Res 2020; 196:446-453. [PMID: 31667684 DOI: 10.1007/s12011-019-01940-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2019] [Accepted: 10/16/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Colostrum of goat is a well-known nutritional source of animal product, which is attributed to innumerable nutritional properties. To enrich nutritional resources for understanding various nutritional values of animal product at high altitude, chemometric analysis of antioxidant and mineral element study was carried out by comparing antioxidants capacity, free radical scavenging activity, and certain mineral elements in colostrums of native and non-native goat breeds. Colostrum samples were collected from native Changthangi (CNG) and non-native Sirohi (SIRO) goat breeds, situated at naturally exposed high altitude of 3505.2 m above mean sea level. The antioxidant of samples was measured by ferric reducing ability of plasma (FRAP) and 2, 2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) activity assay, and mineral elemental quantification of Fe, Mg, Mn, Zn, Co, Cu, K, Ca, B, Ni, and Cr was performed using ICP-OES. The values of FRAP, DPPH, and Fe, Mg, Mn, Zn, Co, Cu, K, and Ca in colostrums of native goat breed was significantly (p ≤ 0.05) higher than the non-native goat. These data conclude that high altitude native goat has more antioxidant and mineral elements in colostrum than non-native colostrum. This study could provide a basis for establishing the role of colostrum supplements as a natural source to strengthen the endurance to modalities for the survival of newborn kids of goat within the native high altitude environment. This is the first report of a comparative chemometric analysis of colostrums of goat species and can be utilized to characterize the nutritional aspect of animal product with unique antioxidant and mineral nutrients composition in colostrum of goat.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Prabhat Kumar
- DRDO- Defence Institute of High Altitude Research (DIHAR), Leh, Ladakh, India.
| | - Vijay K Bharti
- DRDO- Defence Institute of High Altitude Research (DIHAR), Leh, Ladakh, India.
| | - M Mukesh
- ICAR - National Bureau of Animal Genetic Resources (NBAGR), Karnal, Haryana, India
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Reddy PRK, Elghandour M, Salem A, Yasaswini D, Reddy PPR, Reddy AN, Hyder I. Plant secondary metabolites as feed additives in calves for antimicrobial stewardship. Anim Feed Sci Technol 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.anifeedsci.2020.114469] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
|
12
|
Sadri H, Getachew B, Ghaffari MH, Hammon HM, Steinhoff-Wagner J, Sauerwein H. Short communication: Plasma concentration and tissue mRNA expression of haptoglobin in neonatal calves. J Dairy Sci 2020; 103:6684-6691. [PMID: 32331878 DOI: 10.3168/jds.2020-18218] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2020] [Accepted: 02/10/2020] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
Haptoglobin (Hp), one of the major positive acute phase proteins in cattle, is released in response to proinflammatory cytokines. Colostrum intake might influence the response of the innate immune system, including Hp gene expression. Thus, we hypothesized that plasma concentrations and tissue mRNA expression of Hp in neonatal calves might be influenced by early nutrition in the neonatal calf and would thus be greater if receiving colostrum compared with milk-based formula. Two trials were performed. In trial 1, German Holstein calves were fed either colostrum (COL; n = 7) or milk-based formula (FOR; n = 7) up to 4 d of life. Blood was sampled from d 1 to 4 before morning feeding and before and 2 h after feeding on d 4. Tissue samples from liver, kidney fat, duodenum, and ileum were collected after slaughter on d 4 at 2 h after feeding. In trial 2, calves born preterm (n = 7) or at term (n = 7) received colostrum only at 24 h post natum. Blood was sampled at birth, and before and 2 h after feeding. Tissue samples from liver and kidney fat were collected after slaughter at 26 h after birth. Blood plasma, colostrum, and formula Hp concentrations were determined using a competitive ELISA. Tissue expression of Hp mRNA was quantified by real-time quantitative PCR. The formula contained much less Hp (≤0.5 µg/mL) than colostrum (69.3, 93.9, and 20.4 µg/mL from d 1 to d 3, respectively). In trial 1, before colostrum or formula feeding, plasma concentrations of Hp were comparable in both groups. Plasma Hp increased in FOR after feeding, resulting in greater or a trend for greater plasma Hp concentrations in FOR than in COL calves. The mRNA abundance of Hp in liver and kidney fat was 3- and 2.2-fold greater in FOR than in COL calves, respectively, whereas duodenal and ileal abundance of Hp mRNA did not differ between groups. In trial 2, plasma Hp concentrations decreased slightly over time in term calves, but they did not differ in both groups before and 2 h after feeding on d 2. The abundance of Hp mRNA in liver was 5.3-fold greater in term than in preterm calves, whereas its abundance in kidney fat did not differ between groups. Contrasting our hypothesis, formula, but not colostrum feeding was associated with greater Hp mRNA abundance in liver and adipose tissue, indicating that the response of innate immune system seems to be modulated by formula feeding because of the lack of immunoglobulin intake. The lower hepatic abundance of Hp mRNA in preterm calves than in term calves may indicate lower synthetic capacity of the liver for Hp in preterm calves shortly after birth.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- H Sadri
- Department of Clinical Science, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Tabriz, 5166616471 Tabriz, Iran
| | - B Getachew
- Institute of Animal Science, Physiology and Hygiene Unit, University of Bonn, 53111 Bonn, Germany
| | - M H Ghaffari
- Institute of Animal Science, Physiology and Hygiene Unit, University of Bonn, 53111 Bonn, Germany
| | - H M Hammon
- Institute of Nutritional Physiology "Oskar Kellner," Leibniz Institute for Farm Animal Biology (FBN), 18196 Dummerstorf, Germany
| | - J Steinhoff-Wagner
- Institute of Nutritional Physiology "Oskar Kellner," Leibniz Institute for Farm Animal Biology (FBN), 18196 Dummerstorf, Germany
| | - H Sauerwein
- Institute of Nutritional Physiology "Oskar Kellner," Leibniz Institute for Farm Animal Biology (FBN), 18196 Dummerstorf, Germany.
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Dolatkhah B, Ghorbani GR, Alikhani M, Hashemzadeh F, Mahdavi AH, Sadeghi-Sefidmazgi A, Erfani H, Rezamand P. Effects of hydrolyzed cottonseed protein supplementation on performance, blood metabolites, gastrointestinal development, and intestinal microbial colonization in neonatal calves. J Dairy Sci 2020; 103:5102-5117. [PMID: 32253042 DOI: 10.3168/jds.2019-17297] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2019] [Accepted: 02/03/2020] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
The objective of this study was to investigate the effects of an enzymatically hydrolyzed cottonseed protein (HCSP) as a peptide source on performance, blood metabolites, gastrointestinal development, and intestinal microbes. Forty-eight newborn Holstein calves were randomly assigned to 1 of the 4 dietary treatments including 0, 2, 4, and 6% of HCSP (dry matter basis). All calves received the same amount of pasteurized whole milk, weaned on d 56 of the experiment, and the study was concluded on d 70. Data were analyzed using PROC MIXED in SAS (SAS Institute Inc., Cary, NC) as a randomized complete block design with linear and quadratic contrasts. Results showed that increased amount of HCSP linearly decreased the starter intake during the postweaning (d 57 to 70) and overall period (d 1 to 70). In addition, when dietary HCSP increased during the overall period, average daily gain tended to linearly decrease. All skeletal growth variables also linearly decreased as dietary HCSP increased at the end of the study, except for body length, which did not differ among the treatments. Serum cortisol concentration was higher in calves supplemented with 6% of HCSP at weaning and at the end of the study. This indicates that these calves may have experienced a stressful condition compared with calves in other treatments. Total antioxidant capacity was quadratically affected by HCSP supplementation; calves fed 2 and 4% of HCSP diets had the highest total antioxidant capacity, whereas calves fed 0 and 6% HCSP diets had lower total antioxidant capacity at weaning and at end of the study. Calves supplemented with 6% HCSP had lower empty reticulo-rumen and omasum weights and rumen wall thickness compared with calves in other treatments at the end of the study. In conclusion, supplementation of HCSP at the rate of 2% of starter diet enhanced antioxidant status without any detrimental effects on the performance and metabolic status of calves, whereas greater inclusion rates impaired starter intake and growth of calves, and exposed them to a stressful status.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- B Dolatkhah
- Department of Animal Sciences, College of Agriculture, Isfahan University of Technology, Isfahan 84156-83111, Iran
| | - G R Ghorbani
- Department of Animal Sciences, College of Agriculture, Isfahan University of Technology, Isfahan 84156-83111, Iran.
| | - M Alikhani
- Department of Animal Sciences, College of Agriculture, Isfahan University of Technology, Isfahan 84156-83111, Iran
| | - F Hashemzadeh
- Department of Animal Sciences, College of Agriculture, Isfahan University of Technology, Isfahan 84156-83111, Iran
| | - A H Mahdavi
- Department of Animal Sciences, College of Agriculture, Isfahan University of Technology, Isfahan 84156-83111, Iran
| | - A Sadeghi-Sefidmazgi
- Department of Animal Sciences, College of Agriculture, Isfahan University of Technology, Isfahan 84156-83111, Iran
| | - H Erfani
- Department of Animal Sciences, College of Agriculture, Isfahan University of Technology, Isfahan 84156-83111, Iran
| | - P Rezamand
- Department of Animal and Veterinary Science, University of Idaho, Moscow 83844.
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Liermann W, Schäff CT, Gruse J, Derno M, Weitzel JM, Kanitz E, Otten W, Hoeflich A, Stefaniak T, Sauerwein H, Bruckmaier RM, Gross JJ, Hammon HM. Effects of colostrum instead of formula feeding for the first 2 days postnatum on whole-body energy metabolism and its endocrine control in neonatal calves. J Dairy Sci 2020; 103:3577-3598. [PMID: 32089303 PMCID: PMC7127366 DOI: 10.3168/jds.2019-17708] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2019] [Accepted: 12/18/2019] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Colostrum provides high amounts of nutritive and non-nutritive substrates, which are essential for calf nutrition and passive immunization. Colostral growth factors and hormones have beneficial effects on postnatal maturation and may affect substrate utilization and energy expenditure in neonatal calves. We tested the hypothesis that energy metabolism and its endocrine regulation differ during the first 10 d of life in calves fed either colostrum or a milk-based formula with a similar nutrient composition to colostrum, but largely depleted of bioactive substances, for the first 2 d postnatum. Male Holstein calves (n = 18) were fed either pooled colostrum (COL; n = 9) or a milk-based formula (FOR; n = 9) for the first 2 d of life. From d 3 on, all calves received same milk replacer. On d 2 and 7 of life, calves were placed in a respiration chamber for indirect calorimetric measurements to calculate heat production, fat (FOX) and carbohydrate oxidation (COX), as well as respiratory quotient. Blood was sampled on d 1 before first colostrum intake and on d 2, 3, 7, 8, 9, and 10 before morning feeding, to measure plasma concentrations of immunoglobulins, metabolites, and hormones. Additional postprandial blood samples were taken on d 1 and 9 at 30, 60, 120, 240, and 420 min after milk feeding. Liver samples were collected on d 10 of life to determine gene expression related to energy metabolism. Formula-fed calves showed lower plasma concentrations of total protein, immunoglobulins, haptoglobin, leptin, adiponectin, and insulin-like growth factor (IGF) binding protein (IGFBP)-4 during the whole study but temporarily higher plasma concentrations of urea, insulin, glucagon, triglyceride, and cholesterol on the first day after feeding, compared with concentrations in COL. The temporary increase in glucagon, triglyceride, and cholesterol on d 1 reversed on d 2 or 3, showing higher concentrations in COL than in FOR calves. In FOR, IGF-I, IGFBP-2, and IGFBP-3 were lower on d 3 than in COL. Interestingly, FOR calves had higher heat production during respiratory measurements on d 2 and higher body temperature on d 2, 3, and 5 than those of COL. The hepatic mRNA abundance of cytosolic phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase was higher in FOR than in COL. Our results indicate that first milk feeding after birth influenced whole-body energy expenditure but not FOX and COX in neonatal calves, and the absorption of colostral leptin and adiponectin might affect insulin sensitivity on d 1 of life.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- W Liermann
- Institute of Nutritional Physiology "Oskar Kellner," Leibniz Institute for Farm Animal Biology (FBN), 18196 Dummerstorf, Germany
| | - C T Schäff
- Institute of Nutritional Physiology "Oskar Kellner," Leibniz Institute for Farm Animal Biology (FBN), 18196 Dummerstorf, Germany
| | - J Gruse
- Institute of Nutritional Physiology "Oskar Kellner," Leibniz Institute for Farm Animal Biology (FBN), 18196 Dummerstorf, Germany
| | - M Derno
- Institute of Nutritional Physiology "Oskar Kellner," Leibniz Institute for Farm Animal Biology (FBN), 18196 Dummerstorf, Germany
| | - J M Weitzel
- Institute of Reproductive Biology, Leibniz Institute for Farm Animal Biology, 18196 Dummerstorf, Germany
| | - E Kanitz
- Institute of Behavioural Physiology, Leibniz Institute for Farm Animal Biology, 18196 Dummerstorf, Germany
| | - W Otten
- Institute of Behavioural Physiology, Leibniz Institute for Farm Animal Biology, 18196 Dummerstorf, Germany
| | - A Hoeflich
- Institute of Genome Biology Physiology, Leibniz Institute for Farm Animal Biology, 18196 Dummerstorf, Germany
| | - T Stefaniak
- Department of Immunology, Pathophysiology and Veterinary Preventive Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Wroclaw University of Environmental and Life Science, 50-375 Wroclaw, Poland
| | - H Sauerwein
- Institute of Animal Science, Physiology and Hygiene Unit, University of Bonn, 53115 Germany
| | - R M Bruckmaier
- Veterinary Physiology, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Bern, 3001 Switzerland
| | - J J Gross
- Veterinary Physiology, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Bern, 3001 Switzerland
| | - H M Hammon
- Institute of Nutritional Physiology "Oskar Kellner," Leibniz Institute for Farm Animal Biology (FBN), 18196 Dummerstorf, Germany.
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Liu W, Zhou Y, Qin Y, Li Y, Yu L, Li R, Chen Y, Xu Y. Sex-Dependent Effects of PM 2.5 Maternal Exposure and Quercetin Intervention on Offspring's Short Chain Fatty Acids. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2019; 16:E4371. [PMID: 31717430 PMCID: PMC6887967 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph16224371] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2019] [Revised: 10/28/2019] [Accepted: 11/05/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Short chain fatty acids (SCFAs) are produced by the colonic microbiota through fermentation. Influences of maternal PM2.5 exposure on SCFAs of the offspring have not been well understood. Additionally, studies of dietary intervention have not been carried out yet. Here we performed a study that dams were received PM2.5 and quercetin intervention during gestation and lactation. SCFAs in colon of dams and their offspring (on postnatal day 21 and 35) were analyzed using gas chromatography. For male offspring, when compared with the control group levels of acetic acid, butyric acid, and valeric acid were lower in the PM2.5 group (p < 0.05), however, levels of isobutyric acid and isovaleric acid were higher in the PM2.5 group (p < 0.05). For female offspring, as compared with the control group, propanoic acid was lower in the PM2.5 group, however isovaleric acid was higher in the PM2.5 group (p < 0.05). 100 mg/kg and 200 mg/kg quercetin intervention could inhibit SCFAs production of male offspring, especially in isobutyric acid and isovaleric acid (p < 0.05). 100 mg/kg quercetin intervention could upgrade the level of propanoic acid of female offspring (p < 0.05). Taken together, these results suggest that PM2.5 tracheal exposure during gestation and lactation could influence SCFAs of offspring. Quercetin administration might have the potential to offset the effects of mater PM2.5 exposure on SCFAs in the offspring to some extent. The above effects were showed in a sex-dependent manner.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wei Liu
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing 100083, China; (W.L.); (Y.Z.); (Y.Q.); (Y.L.); (L.Y.); (R.L.); (Y.C.)
| | - Yalin Zhou
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing 100083, China; (W.L.); (Y.Z.); (Y.Q.); (Y.L.); (L.Y.); (R.L.); (Y.C.)
| | - Yong Qin
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing 100083, China; (W.L.); (Y.Z.); (Y.Q.); (Y.L.); (L.Y.); (R.L.); (Y.C.)
| | - Yong Li
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing 100083, China; (W.L.); (Y.Z.); (Y.Q.); (Y.L.); (L.Y.); (R.L.); (Y.C.)
| | - Lanlan Yu
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing 100083, China; (W.L.); (Y.Z.); (Y.Q.); (Y.L.); (L.Y.); (R.L.); (Y.C.)
| | - Ruijun Li
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing 100083, China; (W.L.); (Y.Z.); (Y.Q.); (Y.L.); (L.Y.); (R.L.); (Y.C.)
| | - Yuhan Chen
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing 100083, China; (W.L.); (Y.Z.); (Y.Q.); (Y.L.); (L.Y.); (R.L.); (Y.C.)
| | - Yajun Xu
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing 100083, China; (W.L.); (Y.Z.); (Y.Q.); (Y.L.); (L.Y.); (R.L.); (Y.C.)
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Toxicological Research and Risk Assessment for Food Safety, Peking University, Beijing 100083, China
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
|
17
|
Ju IG, Choi JG, Kim N, Kwak C, Lee JK, Oh MS. Peucedani Japonici Radix ameliorates lipopolysaccharide-induced neuroinflammation by regulating microglial responses. Neurosci Lett 2018; 686:161-167. [PMID: 30213621 DOI: 10.1016/j.neulet.2018.09.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2018] [Revised: 09/01/2018] [Accepted: 09/05/2018] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Neuroinflammation is an inflammatory process within the central nervous system that is mediated by microglial activation, which releases pro-inflammatory mediators leading to neurodegeneration. In this study, we investigated the effects of Peucedani Japonici Radix (PJR), a medicinal herb traditionally used in East Asia to treat neuroinflammation both in vitro and in vivo. First, we examined the effects of PJR on pro-inflammatory mediators in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimulated BV-2 microglial cells. The results showed that PJR suppressed the LPS-induced increase of several inflammatory factors, such as nitric oxide, inducible nitric oxide synthase, cyclooxygenase-2, prostaglandin E2, interleukin-1β, and tumor necrosis factor-α. We also revealed that PJR inhibited the nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB) pathway, which is the upstream modulator of inflammatory processes. Furthermore, to confirm the regulatory effects of PJR on microglia in vivo, we measured the number of ionized calcium-binding adapter molecule 1-positive cells in mouse brains and found that PJR treatment reduced microglial activation. Taken together, these results suggest that PJR inhibits microglia-mediated neuroinflammation through the modulation of NF-κB signaling and has the therapeutic potential to prevent inflammation-related neurodegenerative diseases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- In Gyoung Ju
- Department of Life and Nanopharmaceutical Sciences, Graduate school, Kyung Hee University, 26 Kyungheedae-ro, Dongdaemun-gu, Seoul 02447, Republic of Korea
| | - Jin Gyu Choi
- Department of Life and Nanopharmaceutical Sciences, Graduate school, Kyung Hee University, 26 Kyungheedae-ro, Dongdaemun-gu, Seoul 02447, Republic of Korea
| | - Namkwon Kim
- Department of Life and Nanopharmaceutical Sciences, Graduate school, Kyung Hee University, 26 Kyungheedae-ro, Dongdaemun-gu, Seoul 02447, Republic of Korea
| | - Chaewon Kwak
- Department of Life and Nanopharmaceutical Sciences, Graduate school, Kyung Hee University, 26 Kyungheedae-ro, Dongdaemun-gu, Seoul 02447, Republic of Korea
| | - Jong Kil Lee
- Department of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Kyung Hee University, 26 Kyungheedae-ro, Dozgdaemun-gu, Seoul 02447, Republic of Korea
| | - Myung Sook Oh
- Department of Life and Nanopharmaceutical Sciences, Graduate school, Kyung Hee University, 26 Kyungheedae-ro, Dongdaemun-gu, Seoul 02447, Republic of Korea; Department of Oriental Pharmaceutical Science, College of Pharmacy and Kyung Hee East-West Pharmaceutical Research Institute, Kyung Hee University, 26 Kyungheedae-ro, Dongdaemun-gu, Seoul 02447, Republic of Korea.
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Gerbert C, Frieten D, Koch C, Dusel G, Eder K, Stefaniak T, Bajzert J, Jawor P, Tuchscherer A, Hammon H. Effects of ad libitum milk replacer feeding and butyrate supplementation on behavior, immune status, and health of Holstein calves in the postnatal period. J Dairy Sci 2018; 101:7348-7360. [DOI: 10.3168/jds.2018-14542] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2018] [Accepted: 04/09/2018] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
|
19
|
Hwang DS, Gu PS, Kim N, Jang YP, Oh MS. Effects of Rhei Undulati Rhizoma on lipopolysaccharide-induced neuroinflammation in vitro and in vivo. ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY 2018; 33:23-31. [PMID: 28984087 DOI: 10.1002/tox.22463] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2017] [Revised: 08/16/2017] [Accepted: 08/18/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Neuroinflammation plays a critical role in the pathogenesis of degenerative brain diseases such as Alzheimer's disease and Parkinson's disease. Microglia are the major components of the brain immune system that regulate inflammatory processes. Activated microglia release pro-inflammatory factors and cytokines, resulting in neuronal cell death. We focused on inhibiting the activation of microglia from a stimulus as a strategy to search for neuroprotective drugs. Rhei Undulati Rhizoma (RUR) is traditionally used to treat various inflammatory disorders. In this study, we investigated whether RUR modulates inflammatory processes in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimulated BV2 microglia cells and the mouse brain. RUR exerted anti-neuroinflammatory effects by inhibiting the production of nitric oxide and reactive oxygen species induced by LPS via the downregulation of transcription factors such as inducible nitric oxide synthase and cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) without causing cytotoxicity. RUR also regulated mitogen-activated protein kinase pathway by inhibiting phosphorylation of p38 and c-Jun N-terminal kinases and translocation of nuclear factor kappa B. Moreover, RUR attenuated LPS-induced glial activation and COX-2 expression in the substantia nigra and hippocampus of the mouse brain. These results indicate that RUR is a potential candidate to treat neurodegenerative diseases by regulating neuroinflammation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Deok-Sang Hwang
- Department of Oriental Gynecology, College of Oriental Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, 02447, Republic of Korea
| | - Pil Sung Gu
- Department of Life and Nanopharmaceutical Sciences, Graduate school, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, 02447, Republic of Korea
| | - Namkwon Kim
- Department of Life and Nanopharmaceutical Sciences, Graduate school, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, 02447, Republic of Korea
| | - Young Pyo Jang
- Department of Life and Nanopharmaceutical Sciences, Graduate school, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, 02447, Republic of Korea
- Department of Oriental Pharmaceutical Science, College of Pharmacy, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, 02447, Republic of Korea
| | - Myung Sook Oh
- Department of Life and Nanopharmaceutical Sciences, Graduate school, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, 02447, Republic of Korea
- Department of Oriental Pharmaceutical Science, College of Pharmacy, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, 02447, Republic of Korea
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Frieten D, Gerbert C, Koch C, Dusel G, Eder K, Kanitz E, Weitzel JM, Hammon HM. Ad libitum milk replacer feeding, but not butyrate supplementation, affects growth performance as well as metabolic and endocrine traits in Holstein calves. J Dairy Sci 2017; 100:6648-6661. [PMID: 28601458 DOI: 10.3168/jds.2017-12722] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2017] [Accepted: 04/11/2017] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
The enhanced growth performance of calves fed a higher plane of nutrition pre-weaning is well documented, and the effect of butyrate on the development of the gastrointestinal tract in calves has been evaluated. The aim of this study was to examine the synergistic effects of ad libitum milk replacer (MR) feeding and butyrate supplementation on growth performance and energy metabolism in calves. Sixty-four (32 male, 32 female) Holstein calves were examined from birth until wk 11 of life. Calves received MR either ad libitum (Adl) or restrictively (Res) with (AdlB+, ResB+) or without (AdlB-, ResB-) 0.24% butyrate supplementation. Colostrum and transition milk were fed in predefined amounts (Res or Adl) for the first 3 d postpartum. Ad libitum and restrictive MR feeding with or without butyrate was performed from d 4 until wk 8 of age. From wk 9 to 10, all calves were gradually weaned and were fed 2 L/d until the end of the trial. Concentrate (CON), hay, and water were freely available. Intakes of MR and CON were measured daily. Calves were weighed at birth and weekly thereafter. Blood was drawn on d 1 before the first colostrum intake; on d 2, 4, and 7; and weekly thereafter until the end of the study to measure plasma concentrations of metabolites and hormones. Liver samples were taken at d 50 and at the end of the study to determine gene expression related to glucose metabolism. Milk, MR, and total nutrient intake were greater, but CON intake was lower in Adl than in Res calves, resulting in a greater body weight, but partially lower gain to feed ratio in Adl than in Res. Plasma concentrations of glucose and insulin were higher during the ad libitum milk-feeding period, whereas plasma β-hydroxybutyrate was lower in Adl than in Res. Plasma concentrations of nonesterified fatty acids, lactate, total bilirubin, and cortisol were lower, but triglyceride and cholesterol concentrations were higher in Adl than in Res at specific time points. Feed intake, growth performance, and metabolic and endocrine changes were insignificantly affected by butyrate, and hepatic gene expression of enzymes related to endogenous glucose production was barely influenced by ad libitum MR feeding and butyrate supplementation. Intensive MR feeding indicated greater stimulation of growth and anabolic metabolism, but butyrate supplementation did not further improve postnatal growth or anabolic processes either in intensive or restrictive MR-fed calves.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- D Frieten
- Department of Life Sciences and Engineering, University of Applied Sciences Bingen, 55411 Bingen am Rhein, Germany
| | - C Gerbert
- Educational and Research Centre for Animal Husbandry, Hofgut Neumuehle, 67728 Münchweiler an der Alsenz, Germany
| | - C Koch
- Educational and Research Centre for Animal Husbandry, Hofgut Neumuehle, 67728 Münchweiler an der Alsenz, Germany
| | - G Dusel
- Department of Life Sciences and Engineering, University of Applied Sciences Bingen, 55411 Bingen am Rhein, Germany
| | - K Eder
- Institute of Animal Nutrition and Nutrition Physiology, Justus-Liebig-University Giessen, 35392 Giessen, Germany
| | - E Kanitz
- Institute of Behavioural Physiology, Leibniz Institute for Farm Animal Biology (FBN), 18196 Dummerstorf, Germany
| | - J M Weitzel
- Institute of Reproductive Biology, Leibniz Institute for Farm Animal Biology (FBN), 18196 Dummerstorf, Germany
| | - H M Hammon
- Institute of Nutritional Physiology "Oskar Kellner", Leibniz Institute for Farm Animal Biology (FBN), 18196 Dummerstorf, Germany.
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Liu W, Zhang M, Feng J, Fan A, Zhou Y, Xu Y. The Influence of Quercetin on Maternal Immunity, Oxidative Stress, and Inflammation in Mice with Exposure of Fine Particulate Matter during Gestation. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2017; 14:E592. [PMID: 28574437 PMCID: PMC5486278 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph14060592] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2017] [Revised: 05/24/2017] [Accepted: 05/26/2017] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
The objective is to investigate the influence of PM2.5 exposure on peripheral blood lymphocyte subsets in pregnant mice and the antagonism of quercetin on adverse effects induced by PM2.5 exposure. Pregnant mice were randomly divided into control group, PM2.5 model group and 3 quercetin intervention groups. Dams in all groups except the control group were exposed to PM2.5 suspension by intratracheal instillation on gestational day (GD) 3, 6, 9, 12 and 15. Meanwhile, each dam was given 0.15% carboxymethylcellulose sodium (CMCS) (control group & PM2.5 model group) and different doses of quercetin (quercetin intervention groups) by gavage once a day from GD0 to GD17. The percentage of lymphocyte subsets, Biomarkers of systemic inflammation injuries (IL-2, IL-6, IL-8 & TNF-α) and oxidative stress indicators (CAT, GSH & HO-1) in peripheral blood of the dams were analyzed. The number of T cells increased, accompanied by increased level of IL-2, IL-6, IL-8 and HO-1 due to PM2.5 exposure. Less CD4+ and CD8+ T cells were counted in 100 mg/kg quercetin intervention group, compared with PM2.5 model group. Quercetin may inhibit cytokine production, especially in IL-6 and IL-8 and may upgrade the level of HO-1. Our findings indicate that PM2.5 could significantly influence the distribution of T-lymphocyte subsets, activate inflammatory reaction and elevate oxidative stress level in peripheral blood of pregnant mice. Certain dose of quercetin administration during pregnancy may protect the dams against the adverse effects through various ways.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wei Liu
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China.
| | - Minjia Zhang
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China.
| | - Jinqiu Feng
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China.
| | - Aiqin Fan
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China.
| | - Yalin Zhou
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China.
| | - Yajun Xu
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China.
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Toxicological Research and Risk Assessment for Food Safety, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China.
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Malmuthuge N, Guan LL. Understanding the gut microbiome of dairy calves: Opportunities to improve early-life gut health. J Dairy Sci 2017; 100:5996-6005. [PMID: 28501408 DOI: 10.3168/jds.2016-12239] [Citation(s) in RCA: 76] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2016] [Accepted: 04/04/2017] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Early gut microbiota plays a vital role in the long-term health of the host. However, understanding of these microbiota is very limited in livestock species, especially in dairy calves. Neonatal calves are highly susceptible to enteric infections, one of the major causes of calf death, so approaches to improving gut health and overall calf health are needed. An increasing number of studies are exploring the microbial composition of the gut, the mucosal immune system, and early dietary interventions to improve the health of dairy calves, revealing possibilities for effectively reducing the susceptibility of calves to enteric infections while promoting growth. Still, comprehensive understanding of the effect of dietary interventions on gut microbiota-one of the key aspects of gut health-is lacking. Such knowledge may provide in-depth understanding of the mechanisms behind functional changes in response to dietary interventions. Understanding of host-microbial interactions with dietary interventions and the role of the gut microbiota during pathogenesis at the site of infection in early life is vital for designing effective tools and techniques to improve calf gut health.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nilusha Malmuthuge
- Department of Agricultural, Food and Nutritional Science, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, T6G 2P5 Canada
| | - Le Luo Guan
- Department of Agricultural, Food and Nutritional Science, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, T6G 2P5 Canada.
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Abdelmegeid M, Vailati-Riboni M, Alharthi A, Batistel F, Loor J. Supplemental methionine, choline, or taurine alter in vitro gene network expression of polymorphonuclear leukocytes from neonatal Holstein calves. J Dairy Sci 2017; 100:3155-3165. [DOI: 10.3168/jds.2016-12025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2016] [Accepted: 12/10/2016] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
|
24
|
Schäff CT, Gruse J, Maciej J, Mielenz M, Wirthgen E, Hoeflich A, Schmicke M, Pfuhl R, Jawor P, Stefaniak T, Hammon HM. Effects of Feeding Milk Replacer Ad Libitum or in Restricted Amounts for the First Five Weeks of Life on the Growth, Metabolic Adaptation, and Immune Status of Newborn Calves. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0168974. [PMID: 28036351 PMCID: PMC5201283 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0168974] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2016] [Accepted: 12/10/2016] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
The pre-weaning period is critical for calf health and growth, and intensive milk feeding programs may assist postnatal development by improving body growth and organ maturation. The aim of the present work was to study the effects of ad libitum milk replacer (MR) feeding on the growth, metabolic adaptation, health, and immune status of newborn calves. Twenty-eight newborn Holstein and Holstein x Charolais crossbred calves were fed ad libitum (ADLIB) or in restricted amounts (6 liters per day; RES) during the first five weeks of life. The MR intake in the ADLIB treatment was gradually reduced at weeks 6 and 7, and all calves then received 6 liters of MR per day until day 60. Blood samples were collected to measure the plasma concentrations of metabolites, insulin, insulin-like growth factor (IGF)-I and IGF binding proteins (IGFBP), immunoglobulins, and acute phase proteins. The expression of mRNA associated with both the somatotropic axis and gluconeogenic enzymes was measured in the liver on day 60. Intensive feeding improved MR intake and growth in ADLIB without influencing concentrate intake. Carcass weight, perirenal fat, and muscle mass were greater in ADLIB. Plasma concentrations of glucose, triglycerides, insulin, and IGF-I were greater, whereas plasma concentrations of β-hydroxybutyrate, total protein, albumin, urea, IGFBP-2 and -4, and fibrinogen were lower at distinct time points in ADLIB. The hepatic mRNA expression of cytosolic phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase was greater in ADLIB. Most metabolic and endocrine differences occurred during the MR feeding period, but a slightly greater concentrate intake was associated with increased plasma IGF-I and insulin at the end of the study. The immune and health status of the calves were not affected by MR feeding. However, increased plasma fibrinogen in the RES group suggested differences in the acute phase response.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Christine T. Schäff
- Institute of Nutritional Physiology “Oskar Kellner”, Leibniz Institute for Farm Animal Biology (FBN), Dummerstorf, Germany
| | - Jeannine Gruse
- Institute of Nutritional Physiology “Oskar Kellner”, Leibniz Institute for Farm Animal Biology (FBN), Dummerstorf, Germany
| | - Josefine Maciej
- Institute of Nutritional Physiology “Oskar Kellner”, Leibniz Institute for Farm Animal Biology (FBN), Dummerstorf, Germany
| | - Manfred Mielenz
- Institute of Nutritional Physiology “Oskar Kellner”, Leibniz Institute for Farm Animal Biology (FBN), Dummerstorf, Germany
| | - Elisa Wirthgen
- Institute for Genome Biology, Leibniz Institute for Farm Animal Biology (FBN), Dummerstorf, Germany
- Ligandis GbR, Gülzow-Prüzen, Germany
| | - Andreas Hoeflich
- Institute for Genome Biology, Leibniz Institute for Farm Animal Biology (FBN), Dummerstorf, Germany
| | - Marion Schmicke
- Clinic for Cattle, University of Veterinary Medicine, Foundation, Hannover, Germany
| | - Ralf Pfuhl
- Institute for Muscle Biology and Growth, Leibniz Institute for Farm Animal Biology (FBN), Dummerstorf, Germany
| | - Paulina Jawor
- Department of Immunology, Pathophysiology and Veterinary Preventive Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Wroclaw University of Environmental and Life Sciences, Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Tadeusz Stefaniak
- Department of Immunology, Pathophysiology and Veterinary Preventive Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Wroclaw University of Environmental and Life Sciences, Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Harald M. Hammon
- Institute of Nutritional Physiology “Oskar Kellner”, Leibniz Institute for Farm Animal Biology (FBN), Dummerstorf, Germany
| |
Collapse
|