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López-Acosta O, Ruiz-Ramírez A, Barrios-Maya MÁ, Alarcon-Aguilar J, Alarcon-Enos J, Céspedes Acuña CL, El-Hafidi M. Lipotoxicity, glucotoxicity and some strategies to protect vascular smooth muscle cell against proliferative phenotype in metabolic syndrome. Food Chem Toxicol 2023; 172:113546. [PMID: 36513245 DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2022.113546] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2022] [Revised: 11/16/2022] [Accepted: 11/29/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Metabolic syndrome (MetS) is a risk factor for the development of cardiovascular disease (CVD) and atherosclerosis through a mechanism that involves vascular smooth muscle cell (VSMC) proliferation, lipotoxicity and glucotoxicity. Several molecules found to be increased in MetS, including free fatty acids, fatty acid binding protein 4, leptin, resistin, oxidized lipoprotein particles, and advanced glycation end products, influence VSMC proliferation. Most of these molecules act through their receptors on VSMCs by activating several signaling pathways associated with ROS generation in various cellular compartments. ROS from NADPH-oxidase and mitochondria have been found to promote VSMC proliferation and cell cycle progression. In addition, most of the natural or synthetic substances described in this review, including pharmaceuticals with hypoglycemic and hypolipidemic properties, attenuate VSMC proliferation by their simultaneous modulation of cell signaling and their scavenging property due to the presence of a phenolic ring in their structure. This review discusses recent data in the literature on the role that several MetS-related molecules and ROS play in the change from contractile to proliferative phenotype of VSMCs. Hence the importance of proposing an appropriate strategy to prevent uncontrolled VSMC proliferation using antioxidants, hypoglycemic and hypolipidemic agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ocarol López-Acosta
- Depto de Biomedicina Cardiovascular, Instituto Nacional de Cardiología Ignacio Chávez, Juan Badiano No 1, Colonia Sección XVI, Tlalpan, 14080, México D.F., Mexico
| | - Angélica Ruiz-Ramírez
- Depto de Biomedicina Cardiovascular, Instituto Nacional de Cardiología Ignacio Chávez, Juan Badiano No 1, Colonia Sección XVI, Tlalpan, 14080, México D.F., Mexico
| | - Miguel-Ángel Barrios-Maya
- Depto de Biomedicina Cardiovascular, Instituto Nacional de Cardiología Ignacio Chávez, Juan Badiano No 1, Colonia Sección XVI, Tlalpan, 14080, México D.F., Mexico
| | - Javier Alarcon-Aguilar
- Laboratorio de Farmacología, Depto. de Ciencias Biológicas y de la Salud, Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana Unidad Iztapalapa, Iztapalapa, Mexico
| | - Julio Alarcon-Enos
- Departamento de Ciencias Básicas, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad del Bio Bio, Av. Andres Bello 720, Chillan, Chile
| | - Carlos L Céspedes Acuña
- Departamento de Ciencias Básicas, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad del Bio Bio, Av. Andres Bello 720, Chillan, Chile.
| | - Mohammed El-Hafidi
- Depto de Biomedicina Cardiovascular, Instituto Nacional de Cardiología Ignacio Chávez, Juan Badiano No 1, Colonia Sección XVI, Tlalpan, 14080, México D.F., Mexico.
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Patil NP, Gómez-Hernández A, Zhang F, Cancel L, Feng X, Yan L, Xia K, Takematsu E, Yang EY, Le V, Fisher ME, Gonzalez-Rodriguez A, Garcia-Monzon C, Tunnell J, Tarbell J, Linhardt RJ, Baker AB. Rhamnan sulfate reduces atherosclerotic plaque formation and vascular inflammation. Biomaterials 2022; 291:121865. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2022.121865] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2021] [Revised: 09/09/2022] [Accepted: 10/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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NLRP3 inflammasome as a treatment target in atherosclerosis: A focus on statin therapy. Int Immunopharmacol 2019; 73:146-155. [PMID: 31100709 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2019.05.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2019] [Revised: 04/15/2019] [Accepted: 05/06/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Activation of NOD-like receptor (NLR) family and pyrin domain containing 3 (NLRP3) inflammasome contributes to inflammation and may lead to atherosclerosis. The NLRP3 inflammasome as a molecular platform regulates the activation of ATP signaling, K+ efflux, cathepsin-B activity, lysosomal function and pro-inflammatory cytokines (i.e. IL-1β and IL-18). Statins has been widely prescribed for the treatment of hyperlipidemia and cardiovascular diseases. In addition to lipid-lowering effect, statins have immunomodulatory, anti-inflammatory, antioxidant and antiapoptotic functions. An increasing number of studies indicated NLRP3 inflammasome and their downstream mediators as important targets for statin drugs in inflammatory diseases. In this review, we discussed different aspect of the NLRP3 inflammasome signaling pathways and focused on the effect of statin drugs on NLRP3 inflammasomes in association to atherosclerosis in order to elucidate possible targets for future research and clinical settings.
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Wang XL, Sun W, Zhou YL, Li L. Rosuvastatin stabilizes atherosclerotic plaques by reducing CD40L overexpression-induced downregulation of P4Hα1 in ApoE -/- mice. Int J Biochem Cell Biol 2018; 105:70-77. [PMID: 30336263 DOI: 10.1016/j.biocel.2018.10.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2018] [Revised: 09/27/2018] [Accepted: 10/06/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Background Cluster of differentiation 40 ligand (CD40L) and rosuvastatin (RSV) affect atherosclerotic plaque stability, but little is known about their roles in extracellular matrix (ECM) production. We investigated the effects of CD40L and RSV on pre-existing advanced plaques. Methods and results Pre-existing advanced plaques were induced in apolipoprotein E-knockout (ApoE-/-) mice by the surgical placement of carotid constrictive silastic collars. Two weeks after surgery, mice were divided into the following treatment groups: control, empty adenovirus, CD40L adenovirus, CD40L adenovirus + RSV, and RSV. Mice received adenovirus via two tail-vein injections (2 × 109 pfu each) and/or RSV via intragastric administration (5 mg/kg; daily for 4 weeks). Mice in the CD40L adenovirus group exhibited increased plaque disruption rates, increased relative plaque macrophage and lipid content, reduced plaque collagen content, and increased local inflammation compared to the other treatment groups, but no significant differences in plaque area were observed among the groups. Notably, in the atherosclerotic plaques of the CD40L adenovirus group, both the mRNA and protein expression of prolyl-4-hydroxylase alpha 1 (P4Hα1) was significantly decreased, leading to a consequent decrease in the protein expression of collagen types I and III. Treatment with RSV decreased the serum levels of CD40L in a lipid-independent fashion and attenuated the effects of CD40L overexpression, particularly with respect to P4Hα1 downregulation. Conclusions CD40L destabilized advanced plaques in the carotid arteries of ApoE-/- mice, in part by decreasing P4Hα1 expression, and consequently collagen expression. These destabilizing effects were attenuated by RSV.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Lin Wang
- Center for Vascular Disease and Translational Medicine, The Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410013, China; Department of Cardiology, The Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410013, China
| | - Wei Sun
- Department of Nursing, Liaocheng Vocational & Technical College, Liaocheng, Shandong, 252000, China
| | - Yuan-Li Zhou
- Department of Health, Jinan Central Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, 250013, China
| | - Li Li
- Department of Cardiology, Jinan Central Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, 105 Jiefang Road, Jinan, Shandong, 250013, China.
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Abdullah M, Berthiaume JM, Willis MS. Tumor necrosis factor receptor-associated factor 6 as a nuclear factor kappa B-modulating therapeutic target in cardiovascular diseases: at the heart of it all. Transl Res 2018; 195:48-61. [PMID: 29175266 PMCID: PMC5898986 DOI: 10.1016/j.trsl.2017.10.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2017] [Revised: 10/17/2017] [Accepted: 10/30/2017] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Inflammatory and immune signaling has been documented as a root cause of many cardiovascular pathologies. In this review, we explore the emerging role of tumor necrosis factor receptor-associated factor 6 (TRAF6)-nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB) signaling axis in atherosclerosis, ischemic heart disease, pathologic cardiac hypertrophy or heart failure, myocarditis, and sepsis-induced cardiomyopathy. We discuss the current understanding of cardiac inflammation in heart disease, present the TRAF6 signaling axis in the heart, then summarize what is known about TRAF6 in pathophysiology of heart disease including proof-of-concept studies that identify the utility of blocking TRAF6 to attenuate cardiac dysfunction, which suggests that TRAF6 is a novel, druggable target in treating cardiovascular disease incurred by inflammatory processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Abdullah
- Department of Biochemistry, QuaidiAzam University, Islamabad, Pakistan; Department of Pathology & Laboratory Medicine, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC
| | - Jessica M Berthiaume
- Department of Physiology & Biophysics, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio
| | - Monte S Willis
- Department of Pathology & Laboratory Medicine, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC; Department of Pharmacology, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC.
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Welsh P, Grassia G, Botha S, Sattar N, Maffia P. Targeting inflammation to reduce cardiovascular disease risk: a realistic clinical prospect? Br J Pharmacol 2017; 174:3898-3913. [PMID: 28409825 PMCID: PMC5660005 DOI: 10.1111/bph.13818] [Citation(s) in RCA: 110] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2017] [Revised: 03/28/2017] [Accepted: 03/30/2017] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Data from basic science experiments is overwhelmingly supportive of the causal role of immune-inflammatory response(s) at the core of atherosclerosis, and therefore, the theoretical potential to manipulate the inflammatory response to prevent cardiovascular events. However, extrapolation to humans requires care and we still lack definitive evidence to show that interfering in immune-inflammatory processes may safely lessen clinical atherosclerosis. In this review, we discuss key therapeutic targets in the treatment of vascular inflammation, placing basic research in a wider clinical perspective, as well as identifying outstanding questions. LINKED ARTICLES This article is part of a themed section on Targeting Inflammation to Reduce Cardiovascular Disease Risk. To view the other articles in this section visit http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/bph.v174.22/issuetoc and http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/bcp.v82.4/issuetoc.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paul Welsh
- Institute of Cardiovascular and Medical Sciences, College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
| | - Gianluca Grassia
- Centre for Immunobiology, Institute of Infection, Immunity and Inflammation, College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
| | - Shani Botha
- Hypertension in Africa Research Team (HART), North-West University, Potchefstroom campus, South Africa
| | - Naveed Sattar
- Institute of Cardiovascular and Medical Sciences, College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
| | - Pasquale Maffia
- Institute of Cardiovascular and Medical Sciences, College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK.,Centre for Immunobiology, Institute of Infection, Immunity and Inflammation, College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK.,Department of Pharmacy, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
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