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Zhang P, Wu Z, Zhou T, Yang D, Mu Q, Zhang W, Yu L, Zhang S, Hu Y, Mu J, Jia W. Autoantibody repertoire profiling in tissue and blood identifies colorectal cancer-specific biomarkers. Cancer Sci 2024; 115:83-93. [PMID: 37985391 PMCID: PMC10823280 DOI: 10.1111/cas.16011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2023] [Revised: 10/19/2023] [Accepted: 10/25/2023] [Indexed: 11/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Autoantibodies (AAbs) in the blood of colorectal cancer (CRC) patients have been evaluated for tumor detection. However, it remains uncertain whether these AAbs are specific to tumor-associated antigens. In this study, we explored the IgG and IgM autoantibody repertoires in both the in situ tissue microenvironment and peripheral blood as potential tumor-specific biomarkers. We applied high-density protein arrays to profile AAbs in the tumor-infiltrating lymphocyte supernatants and corresponding serum from four patients with CRC, as well as in the serum of three noncancer controls. Our findings revealed that there were more reactive IgM AAbs than IgG in both the cell supernatant and corresponding serum, with a difference of approximately 3-5 times. Immunoglobulin G was predominant in the serum, while IgM was more abundant in the cell supernatant. We identified a range of AAbs present in both the supernatant and the corresponding serum, numbering between 432 and 780, with an average of 53.3% shared. Only 4.7% (n = 23) and 0.2% (n = 2) of reactive antigens for IgG and IgM AAbs, respectively, were specific to CRC. Ultimately, we compiled a list of 19 IgG AAb targets as potential tumor-specific AAb candidates. Autoantibodies against one of the top candidates, p15INK4b-related sequence/regulation of nuclear pre-mRNA domain-containing protein 1A (RPRD1A), were significantly elevated in 53 CRC patients compared to 119 controls (p < 0.0001). The project revealed that tissue-derived IgG AAbs, rather than IgM, are the primary source of tumor-specific AAbs in peripheral blood. It also identified potential tumor-specific AAbs that could be applied for noninvasive screening of CRC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pei‐Fen Zhang
- Affiliated Tumor Hospital of Xinjiang Medical UniversityÜrümqiChina
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for CancerSun Yat‐sen University Cancer CenterGuangzhouChina
| | - Ziyi Wu
- Department of Radiation OncologyFujian Medical University Cancer Hospital, Fujian Cancer HospitalFuzhouChina
| | - Ting Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for CancerSun Yat‐sen University Cancer CenterGuangzhouChina
| | - Da‐Wei Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for CancerSun Yat‐sen University Cancer CenterGuangzhouChina
- School of Public HealthSun Yat‐sen UniversityGuangzhouChina
| | - Quan‐Kai Mu
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for CancerSun Yat‐sen University Cancer CenterGuangzhouChina
| | - Wen‐Bin Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for CancerSun Yat‐sen University Cancer CenterGuangzhouChina
| | - Long Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for CancerSun Yat‐sen University Cancer CenterGuangzhouChina
| | - Shao‐Dan Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for CancerSun Yat‐sen University Cancer CenterGuangzhouChina
| | - Ye‐Zhu Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for CancerSun Yat‐sen University Cancer CenterGuangzhouChina
| | - Jianbing Mu
- Laboratory of Malaria and Vector Research, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious DiseasesNational Institutes of HealthRockvilleMarylandUSA
| | - Wei‐Hua Jia
- Affiliated Tumor Hospital of Xinjiang Medical UniversityÜrümqiChina
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for CancerSun Yat‐sen University Cancer CenterGuangzhouChina
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Niloofa R, De Zoysa MI, Seneviratne LS. Autoantibodies in the diagnosis, prognosis, and prediction of colorectal cancer. J Cancer Res Ther 2021; 17:819-833. [PMID: 34528528 DOI: 10.4103/jcrt.jcrt_64_19] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the second-most commonly diagnosed cancer worldwide. Early diagnosis improves prognosis and long-term outcomes. Several studies have found tumor-associated autoantibodies in CRC patients. We aimed to provide an overview on CRC-associated autoantibodies and their reported diagnostic, prognostic, and predictive performance when used singly or in combination. We systematically reviewed studies on CRC-related autoantibodies published till March 2018 and critically analyzed the role of these autoantibodies in CRC. In general, autoantibodies were of low sensitivity when tested individually and the diagnostic characteristics improved when tested in combination. Autoantibodies against CCD83, carcinoembryonic antigen, MAPKAPK3, RPH 3AL, SEC61b, and SPAG9 showed high sensitivity and specificity when tested alone. When tested in combination, autoantibodies against three antigens (PIM1, MAPKAPK3, and ACVR2B) showed high sensitivity and specificity. So far, most CRC-associated autoantibodies have been evaluated in single or in a small number of studies. In contrast, anti-p53 antibodies have been studied in a larger number of CRC studies, but, so far, none of them have high diagnostic characteristics. CRC-associated autoantibodies are detectable from the early stages of malignancy, pointing to their possible use in the early detection of CRC. Some studies suggest that CRC-associated autoantibodies may be a guide to prognosis in CRC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roshan Niloofa
- Department of Zoology and Environmental Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Colombo, Colombo, Sri Lanka
| | - M Ishan De Zoysa
- Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, University of Colombo, Colombo, Sri Lanka
| | - L Suranjith Seneviratne
- Department of Zoology and Environmental Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Colombo, Colombo, Sri Lanka
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Chen X, Sun J, Wang X, Yuan Y, Cai L, Xie Y, Fan Z, Liu K, Jiao X. A Meta-Analysis of Proteomic Blood Markers of Colorectal Cancer. Curr Med Chem 2021; 28:1176-1196. [PMID: 32338203 DOI: 10.2174/0929867327666200427094054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2019] [Revised: 02/23/2020] [Accepted: 03/24/2020] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Early diagnosis will significantly improve the survival rate of colorectal cancer (CRC); however, the existing methods for CRC screening were either invasive or inefficient. There is an emergency need for novel markers in CRC's early diagnosis. Serum proteomics has gained great potential in discovering novel markers, providing markers that reflect the early stage of cancer and prognosis prediction of CRC. In this paper, the results of proteomics of CRC studies were summarized through a meta-analysis in order to obtain the diagnostic efficiency of novel markers. METHODS A systematic search on bibliographic databases was performed to collect the studies that explore blood-based markers for CRC applying proteomics. The detection and validation methods, as well as the specificity and sensitivity of the biomarkers in these studies, were evaluated. Newcastle- Ottawa Scale (NOS) case-control studies version was used for quality assessment of included studies. RESULTS Thirty-four studies were selected from 751 studies, in which markers detected by proteomics were summarized. In total, fifty-nine proteins were classified according to their biological function. The sensitivity, specificity, or AUC varied among these markers. Among them, Mammalian STE20-like protein kinase 1/ Serine threonine kinase 4 (MST1/STK4), S100 calcium-binding protein A9 (S100A9), and Tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinases 1 (TIMP1) were suitable for effect sizes merging, and their diagnostic efficiencies were recalculated after merging. MST1/STK4 obtained a sensitivity of 68% and a specificity of 78%. S100A9 achieved a sensitivity of 72%, a specificity of 83%, and an AUC of 0.88. TIMP1 obtained a sensitivity of 42%, a specificity of 88%, and an AUC of 0.71. CONCLUSION MST1/STK4, S100A9, and TIMP1 showed excellent performance for CRC detection. Several other markers also presented optimized diagnostic efficacy for CRC early detection, but further verification is still needed before they are suitable for clinical use. The discovering of more efficient markers will benefit CRC treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiang Chen
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, Guangdong 515041, China
| | - Jiayu Sun
- Department of Cell Biology and Genetics, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, Guangdong 515041, China
| | - Xue Wang
- Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, Guangdong 515041, China
| | - Yumeng Yuan
- Department of Cell Biology and Genetics, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, Guangdong 515041, China
| | - Leshan Cai
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, Guangdong 515041, China
| | - Yanxuan Xie
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, Guangdong 515041, China
| | - Zhiqiang Fan
- Department of Cell Biology and Genetics, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, Guangdong 515041, China
| | - Kaixi Liu
- Shantou Central Hospital, Shantou, Guangdong 515041, China
| | - Xiaoyang Jiao
- Department of Cell Biology and Genetics, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, Guangdong 515041, China
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Gan X, Wang T, Chen ZY, Zhang KH. Blood-derived molecular signatures as biomarker panels for the early detection of colorectal cancer. Mol Biol Rep 2020; 47:8159-8168. [DOI: 10.1007/s11033-020-05838-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2020] [Accepted: 09/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
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Revelation of Proteomic Indicators for Colorectal Cancer in Initial Stages of Development. Molecules 2020; 25:molecules25030619. [PMID: 32023884 PMCID: PMC7036866 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25030619] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2019] [Revised: 01/24/2020] [Accepted: 01/28/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: Colorectal cancer (CRC) at a current clinical level is still hardly diagnosed, especially with regard to nascent tumors, which are typically asymptotic. Searching for reliable biomarkers of early diagnosis is an extremely essential task. Identification of specific post-translational modifications (PTM) may also significantly improve net benefits and tailor the process of CRC recognition. We examined depleted plasma samples obtained from 41 healthy volunteers and 28 patients with CRC at different stages to conduct comparative proteome-scaled analysis. The main goal of the study was to establish a constellation of protein markers in combination with their PTMs and semi-quantitative ratios that may support and realize the distinction of CRC until the disease has a poor clinical manifestation. Results: Proteomic analysis revealed 119 and 166 proteins for patients in stages I–II and III–IV, correspondingly. Plenty of proteins (44 proteins) reflected conditions of the immune response, lipid metabolism, and response to stress, but only a small portion of them were significant (p < 0.01) for distinguishing stages I–II of CRC. Among them, some cytokines (Clusterin (CLU), C4b-binding protein (C4BP), and CD59 glycoprotein (CD59), etc.) were the most prominent and the lectin pathway was specifically enhanced in patients with CRC. Significant alterations in Inter-alpha-trypsin inhibitor heavy chains (ITIH1, ITIH2, ITIH3, and ITIH4) levels were also observed due to their implication in tumor growth and the malignancy process. Other markers (Alpha-1-acid glycoprotein 2 (ORM2), Alpha-1B-glycoprotein (A1BG), Haptoglobin (HP), and Leucine-rich alpha-2-glycoprotein (LRG1), etc.) were found to create an ambiguous core involved in cancer development but also to exactly promote tumor progression in the early stages. Additionally, we identified post-translational modifications, which according to the literature are associated with the development of colorectal cancer, including kininogen 1 protein (T327-p), alpha-2-HS-glycoprotein (S138-p) and newly identified PTMs, i.e., vitamin D-binding protein (K75-ac and K370-ac) and plasma protease C1 inhibitor (Y294-p), which may also contribute and negatively impact on CRC progression. Conclusions: The contribution of cytokines and proteins of the extracellular matrix is the most significant factor in CRC development in the early stages. This can be concluded since tumor growth is tightly associated with chronic aseptic inflammation and concatenated malignancy related to loss of extracellular matrix stability. Due attention should be paid to Apolipoprotein E (APOE), Apolipoprotein C1 (APOC1), and Apolipoprotein B-100 (APOB) because of their impact on the malfunction of DNA repair and their capability to regulate mTOR and PI3K pathways. The contribution of the observed PTMs is still equivocal, but a significant decrease in the likelihood between modified and native proteins was not detected confidently.
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Yu Y, Yin YH, Min L, Zhu ST, Li P, Zhang ST. Challenge in the new era: Translational medicine in gastrointestinal endoscopy and early cancer. Chronic Dis Transl Med 2019; 5:234-242. [PMID: 32055782 PMCID: PMC7004942 DOI: 10.1016/j.cdtm.2019.12.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2019] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Translational medicine is a new medical model that has emerged over the past 20 years and is dedicated to bridging the gap between basic and clinical research. At the same time, the diagnosis and treatment of digestive diseases, especially gastrointestinal endoscopy, have been rapidly developed. The emergence of new techniques for gastrointestinal endoscopy has changed the therapeutic spectrum of some diseases and brought huge benefits to patients. Targeted therapy has positively affected the individualized and precise treatment of patients with advanced gastrointestinal cancer. The construction of a standardized biobank provides a strong guarantee for clinicians to conduct translational medical research. Translational medicine has brought good development opportunities, but it also faces challenges. The training of translational medicine researchers and the transformation of educational models require sufficient attention for further development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Yu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, National Clinical Research Center for Digestive Disease, Beijing Digestive Disease Center, Beijing Key Laboratory for Precancerous Lesion of Digestive Disease, Beijing 100050, China
| | - Yan-Hua Yin
- Department of Pathology, Liaocheng People's Hospital, Liaocheng, Shandong 252000, China
| | - Li Min
- Department of Gastroenterology, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, National Clinical Research Center for Digestive Disease, Beijing Digestive Disease Center, Beijing Key Laboratory for Precancerous Lesion of Digestive Disease, Beijing 100050, China
| | - Sheng-Tao Zhu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, National Clinical Research Center for Digestive Disease, Beijing Digestive Disease Center, Beijing Key Laboratory for Precancerous Lesion of Digestive Disease, Beijing 100050, China
| | - Peng Li
- Department of Gastroenterology, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, National Clinical Research Center for Digestive Disease, Beijing Digestive Disease Center, Beijing Key Laboratory for Precancerous Lesion of Digestive Disease, Beijing 100050, China
| | - Shu-Tian Zhang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, National Clinical Research Center for Digestive Disease, Beijing Digestive Disease Center, Beijing Key Laboratory for Precancerous Lesion of Digestive Disease, Beijing 100050, China
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Liu S, Tan Q, Song Y, Shi Y, Han X. Anti‐p53 autoantibody in blood as a diagnostic biomarker for colorectal cancer: A meta‐analysis. Scand J Immunol 2019; 91:e12829. [DOI: 10.1111/sji.12829] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2019] [Revised: 09/15/2019] [Accepted: 09/15/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Shuxia Liu
- Department of Clinical Laboratory National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College Beijing China
- Department of Medical Oncology National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College Beijing Key Laboratory of Clinical Study on Anticancer Molecular Targeted Drugs Beijing China
| | - Qiaoyun Tan
- Department of Medical Oncology National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College Beijing Key Laboratory of Clinical Study on Anticancer Molecular Targeted Drugs Beijing China
| | - Yuanyuan Song
- Department of Medical Oncology National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College Beijing Key Laboratory of Clinical Study on Anticancer Molecular Targeted Drugs Beijing China
| | - Yuankai Shi
- Department of Medical Oncology National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College Beijing Key Laboratory of Clinical Study on Anticancer Molecular Targeted Drugs Beijing China
| | - Xiaohong Han
- Department of Clinical Laboratory National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College Beijing China
- Department of Medical Oncology National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College Beijing Key Laboratory of Clinical Study on Anticancer Molecular Targeted Drugs Beijing China
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8
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Screening of tumor-associated antigens based on Oncomine database and evaluation of diagnostic value of autoantibodies in lung cancer. Clin Immunol 2019; 210:108262. [PMID: 31629809 DOI: 10.1016/j.clim.2019.108262] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2019] [Revised: 09/02/2019] [Accepted: 09/20/2019] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The purpose of this study is to discover novel tumor-associated antigens (TAAs) to improve the diagnosis of lung cancer (LC). MATERIALS AND METHODS Oncomine database was used to discover potential TAAs from LC tissues, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) was used to detect the levels of autoantibodies against TAAs in two independent sets (identification set, n = 368; validation set, n = 1011). RESULTS Analyses of sera from identification set showed that the sensitivity of autoantibodies against five TAAs (HMGB3, ZWINT, GREM1, NUSAP1 and MMP12) reached 57.1%, 42.4%, 38.0%, 36.4% and 20.7%, with area under ROC curve (AUC) of 0.85, 0.75, 0.71, 0.73 and 0.70, respectively. It also validated the diagnostic performances of these autoantibodies with AUC of 0.72, 0.65, 0.61, 0.64 and 0.64, respectively. Autoantibody against HMGB3 exhibited significantly increased frequency in early LC (53.3%) compared to advanced LC (29.3%) (P < .05). The positive rates of autoantibody against HMGB3 and NUSAP1 in serum of LC patients without distant metastasis were significantly higher than that of distant metastatic LC (P < .05). When each of the three protein biomarkers (CEA, CA125 and CYFRA21-1) was combined with anti-HMGB3 autoantibody, the sensitivity of early LC increased to 72.7%, 63.3% and 75.9% from 36.4%, 13.3% and 27.6%, respectively. CONCLUSION Autoantibodies against 5 TAAs (HMGB3, ZWINT, GREM1, NUSAP1 and MMP12) might have favorable diagnostic values in LC detection, and autoantibody against HMGB3 has the potential to serve as a serological biomarker in early-stage LC. The combination of protein biomarkers and anti-HMGB3 might contribute to detection of early-stage LC.
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Wang H, Li X, Zhou D, Huang J. Autoantibodies as biomarkers for colorectal cancer: A systematic review, meta-analysis, and bioinformatics analysis. Int J Biol Markers 2019; 34:334-347. [PMID: 31588830 DOI: 10.1177/1724600819880906] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Colorectal cancer is a very common cancer worldwide. Serum tumor-associated autoantibodies (TAAbs), especially the anti-p53 autoantibody, may be promising biomarkers to detect early-stage colorectal cancer. This study aimed to identify all known autoantibodies and their value in colorectal cancer diagnosis, as well as exploring the underlying connections and mechanisms through a bioinformatics analysis. Databases were used to select available articles of TAAbs in colorectal cancer. In a meta-analysis of the anti-p53 autoantibody, the diagnostic odds ratio and area under the curve (AUC) of the summary receiver-operating characteristic (SROC) curve were calculated using Stata 12.0 and Meta-Disc 1.4. We identified 73 articles including 199 single autoantibodies and 42 multiple autoantibodies. The maximum value of Youden's index was 0.76, combining c-MYC, p53, cyclin B1, p62, Koc, IMP1, and survivin. The diagnostic odds ratio for anti-p53 autoantibody at all stages was 10.86 (95% CI 8.40, 14.06) with low heterogeneity (I2 = 40.3%) and the AUC of the SROC curve was 0.82. For the anti-p53 autoantibody in early-stage colorectal cancer, the diagnostic odds ratio was 4.82 (95% CI 2.95, 7.87) with heterogeneity (I2 = 7.9%) and the AUC of the SROC curve was 0.72. Eighty-seven autoantibodies were selected for bioinformatics analyses. We found that the most enriched functional terms and protein-protein interactions may relate to the mechanism of autoantibody generation. In summary, our study summarized the diagnostic value of TAAbs in colorectal cancer, either as single molecules or in combination. Bioinformatics analyses may be a new approach to explore the mechanism of autoantibody generation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hejing Wang
- Department of Experimental Centre, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, P.R. China
| | - Xiaojin Li
- Department of Experimental Centre, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, P.R. China
| | - Donghu Zhou
- Department of Experimental Centre, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, P.R. China
| | - Jian Huang
- Department of Experimental Centre, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, P.R. China
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Burbelo PD, Chaturvedi A, Notkins AL, Gunti S. Luciferase-Based Detection of Antibodies for the Diagnosis of HPV-Associated Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma. Diagnostics (Basel) 2019; 9:diagnostics9030089. [PMID: 31390810 PMCID: PMC6787723 DOI: 10.3390/diagnostics9030089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2019] [Revised: 07/29/2019] [Accepted: 07/31/2019] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Point-of-care tests are needed for the screening of head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) and other malignancies. Luciferase immunoprecipitation systems (LIPS), employing light-emitting proteins, were used to examine serum antibodies against several cancer-associated targets in blood donor controls and subjects with colon cancer (CC) and HNSCC. The assessment of antibodies against the wild type p53 tumor antigen showed that approximately 25% of the CC and 20% of the HNSCC patients were seropositive. In addition, humoral responses against two p53 mutants, p53-R175H and p53-R273H, generally tracked the antibody responses seen against wild type p53. Analysis of antibodies against highly specific biomarkers of HPV-16-associated malignancy, E2, E6, and E7 oncoproteins, revealed no seropositivity in blood donors and CC patients. However, 45% (9/20) of the HNSCC patients showed E6 seropositivity, which overlapped all the detectable E2 (40%; 8/20) and E7 seropositive subjects (35%; 7/20). Using neodymium magnets, ultrarapid LIPSTICKS testing of HPV-16 E6 antibodies in <60 s per HNSCC sample demonstrated almost the same diagnostic performance (40% sensitivity and 100% specificity) as LIPS testing in 2.5 h. While additional improvements and standardization are needed, these results highlight the possibility of using these approaches for the diagnosis of HPV-16-associated HNSCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peter D Burbelo
- Dental Clinical Research Core, National Institutes of Dental and Craniofacial Research, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA.
| | - Adrija Chaturvedi
- Dental Clinical Research Core, National Institutes of Dental and Craniofacial Research, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Abner L Notkins
- Experimental Medicine Section, National Institutes of Dental and Craniofacial Research, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Sreenivasulu Gunti
- Experimental Medicine Section, National Institutes of Dental and Craniofacial Research, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
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Lualdi M, Cavalleri A, Battaglia L, Colombo A, Garrone G, Morelli D, Pignoli E, Sottotetti E, Leo E. Early detection of colorectal adenocarcinoma: a clinical decision support tool based on plasma porphyrin accumulation and risk factors. BMC Cancer 2018; 18:841. [PMID: 30134852 PMCID: PMC6106935 DOI: 10.1186/s12885-018-4754-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2018] [Accepted: 08/16/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND An increase in naturally-occurring porphyrins has been described in the blood of subjects bearing different kinds of tumors, including colorectal, and this is probably related to a systemic alteration of heme metabolism induced by tumor cells. The aim of our study was to develop an artificial neural network (ANN) classifier for early detection of colorectal adenocarcinoma based on plasma porphyrin accumulation and risk factors. METHODS We measured the endogenous fluorescence of blood plasma in 100 colorectal adenocarcinoma patients and 112 controls using a conventional spectrofluorometer. Height, weight, personal and family medical history, use of alcohol, red meat, vegetables and tobacco were all recorded. An ANN model was built up from demographic data and from the integral of the fluorescence emission peak in the range 610-650 nm. We used the Receiver Operating Characteristic (ROC) curve to assess performance in distinguishing colorectal adenocarcinoma patients and controls. A liquid chromatography-high resolution mass spectrometry (LC-HRMS) analytical method was employed to identify the agents responsible for native fluorescence. RESULTS The fluorescence analysis indicated that the integral of the fluorescence emission peak in the range 610-650 nm was significantly higher in colorectal adenocarcinoma patients than controls (p < 0.0001) and was weakly correlated with the TNM staging (Spearman's rho = 0.224, p = 0.011). LC-HRMS measurements showed that the agents responsible for the fluorescence emission were mainly protoporphyrin-IX (PpIX) and coproporphyrin-I (CpI). The overall accuracy of our ANN model was 88% (87% sensitivity and 90% specificity) with an area under the ROC curve of 0.83. CONCLUSIONS These results confirm that tumor cells accumulate a diagnostic level of endogenous porphyrin compounds and suggest that plasma porphyrin concentrations, indirectly measured through fluorescence analysis, may be useful, together with risk factors, as a clinical decision support tool for the early detection of colorectal adenocarcinoma. Our future efforts will be aimed at examining how plasma porphyrin accumulation correlates with survival and response to therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manuela Lualdi
- Medical Physics Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Via Venezian 1, 20133, Milan, Italy.
| | - Adalberto Cavalleri
- Epidemiology and Prevention Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Milan, Italy
| | - Luigi Battaglia
- Colorectal Cancer Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Milan, Italy
| | - Ambrogio Colombo
- Health Administration, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Milan, Italy
| | - Giulia Garrone
- Epidemiology and Prevention Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Milan, Italy
| | - Daniele Morelli
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Milan, Italy
| | - Emanuele Pignoli
- Medical Physics Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Via Venezian 1, 20133, Milan, Italy
| | - Elisa Sottotetti
- Department of Medical Oncology, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Milan, Italy
| | - Ermanno Leo
- Colorectal Cancer Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Milan, Italy
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12
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Lee PY, Chin SF, Low TY, Jamal R. Probing the colorectal cancer proteome for biomarkers: Current status and perspectives. J Proteomics 2018; 187:93-105. [PMID: 29953962 DOI: 10.1016/j.jprot.2018.06.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2018] [Revised: 06/13/2018] [Accepted: 06/23/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is one of the most prevalent malignancies worldwide. Biomarkers that can facilitate better clinical management of CRC are in high demand to improve patient outcome and to reduce mortality. In this regard, proteomic analysis holds a promising prospect in the hunt of novel biomarkers for CRC and in understanding the mechanisms underlying tumorigenesis. This review aims to provide an overview of the current progress of proteomic research, focusing on discovery and validation of diagnostic biomarkers for CRC. We will summarize the contributions of proteomic strategies to recent discoveries of protein biomarkers for CRC and also briefly discuss the potential and challenges of different proteomic approaches in biomarker discovery and translational applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pey Yee Lee
- UKM Medical Molecular Biology Institute (UMBI), Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, 56000 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
| | - Siok-Fong Chin
- UKM Medical Molecular Biology Institute (UMBI), Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, 56000 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Teck Yew Low
- UKM Medical Molecular Biology Institute (UMBI), Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, 56000 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Rahman Jamal
- UKM Medical Molecular Biology Institute (UMBI), Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, 56000 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
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13
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Yang H, Wang S, Kang YJ, Wang C, Xu Y, Zhang Y, Jiang Z. Long non-coding RNA SNHG1 predicts a poor prognosis and promotes colon cancer tumorigenesis. Oncol Rep 2018; 40:261-271. [PMID: 29749530 PMCID: PMC6059747 DOI: 10.3892/or.2018.6412] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2017] [Accepted: 04/23/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Colon cancer is the main cause of cancer mortality worldwide. Its poor prognosis is mainly ascribed to high recurrence rates. Identifying novel prognostic biomarkers and therapeutic key points for management is crucial and important. Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) are a class of RNAs, which have various roles in carcinogenicity and molecular mechanisms. The lncRNA small nucleolar RNA host gene 1 (SNHG1) contributes to the promotion of tumor development, however, the connections between SNHG1 and colon cancer are still unclear. The aim of the present study was to investigate the clinical significance, the biological functions, and the potential mechanism of SNHG1 in colon cancer. In the present study, we referred to the Oncomine database and used RT-qPCR to determine that SNHG1 expression was significantly higher both in colon cancer tissues and cancerous cell lines than in normal samples. Cell functional experiments were performed after knockdown of SNHG1, including Cell Counting Kit-8 assay, colony formation assay, Transwell® assay, and flow cytometric analyses of cell apoptosis, which suggested that SNHG1 stimulated colon cancer cell proliferation, promoted cell invasion and migration, and inhibited apoptosis. Immunohistochemical staining and western blotting experiments revealed that in colon cancer cells with SNHG1 knockdown, β-catenin, c-Myc and cyclin D1 protein levels were decreased, while E-cadherin was increased, which suggested that SNHG1 promoted colon cancer cell proliferation, migration and invasion through the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway. Our results indicated that SNHG1 and its interrelated components may be future therapeutic targets of carcinoma of the colon.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huan Yang
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, P.R. China
| | - Shuang Wang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Chongqing People's Hospital, Chongqing 400016, P.R. China
| | - Yu-Jun Kang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Chongqing People's Hospital, Chongqing 400016, P.R. China
| | - Chuan Wang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Chongqing People's Hospital, Chongqing 400016, P.R. China
| | - Yongzhu Xu
- Chongqing Health Service Center, Chongqing 400000, P.R. China
| | - Yi Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Reproductive Health, Chongqing Population and Family Planning of Chongqing Science and Technology Research Institute, Chongqing 400000, P.R. China
| | - Zheng Jiang
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, P.R. China
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14
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Ushigome M, Nabeya Y, Soda H, Takiguchi N, Kuwajima A, Tagawa M, Matsushita K, Koike J, Funahashi K, Shimada H. Multi-panel assay of serum autoantibodies in colorectal cancer. Int J Clin Oncol 2018; 23:917-923. [DOI: 10.1007/s10147-018-1278-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2017] [Accepted: 04/10/2018] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
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15
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Dai L, Qu Y, Li J, Wang X, Wang K, Wang P, Jiang BH, Zhang J. Serological proteome analysis approach-based identification of ENO1 as a tumor-associated antigen and its autoantibody could enhance the sensitivity of CEA and CYFRA 21-1 in the detection of non-small cell lung cancer. Oncotarget 2018; 8:36664-36673. [PMID: 28456790 PMCID: PMC5482686 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.17067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2016] [Accepted: 03/22/2017] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose Lung cancer (LC) is the leading cause of cancer-related deaths for both male and female worldwide. Early detection of LC could improve five-year survival rate up to 48.8% compared to 3.3% of late/distant stage. Autoantibodies to tumor-associated antigens (TAAs) have been described as being present before clinical symptoms in lung and other cancers. We aimed to identify more TAAs to improve the performance for discovering non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients from healthy individuals. Methods Two independent sets were included in this study. Serological proteome analysis (SERPA) was used to identify TAAs from NSCLC cell line H1299 in a discovery set. In validation study, anti-ENO1 autoantibody was examined by immunoassay in sera from 242 patients with NSCLC and 270 normal individuals. Results A 47 KDa protein was identified to be alpha-enolase (ENO1) by using SERPA. Analysis of sera from 512 participants by ELISA showed significantly higher frequency of anti-ENO1 autoantibodies in NSCLC sera compared with the sera from normal individuals, with AUC (95%CI) of 0.589 (0.539-0.638, P=0.001). There was no significant difference in frequency of anti-ENO1 in different stages, histological or metastasis status of NSCLC. When anti-ENO1 detection was combined with other two tumor protein biomarkers (CEA and CYFRA 21-1), the sensitivity of NSCLC increased to 84%. Conclusions ENO1 can elicit humoral immune response in NSCLC and its autoantibody has association with the tumorigenesis of NSCLC. Furthermore, these intriguing results suggest the possibility of autoantibody against ENO1 serving as a potential diagnostic biomarker in NSCLC and have implications for defining novel histological determinants of NSCLC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liping Dai
- Institute of Medical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450052, China.,Department of Biological Sciences, The University of Texas at El Paso, El Paso, TX, 79968, USA.,Henan Key Laboratory for Tumor Epidemiology, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450052, China
| | - Yanhong Qu
- Henan Key Laboratory for Tumor Epidemiology, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450052, China.,The Third Affiliated Hospital, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450052, China
| | - Jitian Li
- Department of Biological Sciences, The University of Texas at El Paso, El Paso, TX, 79968, USA
| | - Xiao Wang
- Institute of Medical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450052, China
| | - Kaijuan Wang
- Henan Key Laboratory for Tumor Epidemiology, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450052, China.,Department of Epidemiology, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450052, China
| | - Peng Wang
- Henan Key Laboratory for Tumor Epidemiology, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450052, China.,Department of Epidemiology, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450052, China
| | - Bing-Hua Jiang
- Center for Molecular Carcinogenesis, Department of Pathology, Anatomy and Cell Biology, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA 19107, USA
| | - Jianying Zhang
- Institute of Medical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450052, China.,Department of Biological Sciences, The University of Texas at El Paso, El Paso, TX, 79968, USA.,Henan Key Laboratory for Tumor Epidemiology, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450052, China
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16
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Luna Coronell JA, Sergelen K, Hofer P, Gyurján I, Brezina S, Hettegger P, Leeb G, Mach K, Gsur A, Weinhäusel A. The Immunome of Colon Cancer: Functional In Silico Analysis of Antigenic Proteins Deduced from IgG Microarray Profiling. GENOMICS PROTEOMICS & BIOINFORMATICS 2018; 16:73-84. [PMID: 29505855 PMCID: PMC6000238 DOI: 10.1016/j.gpb.2017.10.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2017] [Revised: 10/01/2017] [Accepted: 10/19/2017] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
Characterization of the colon cancer immunome and its autoantibody signature from differentially-reactive antigens (DIRAGs) could provide insights into aberrant cellular mechanisms or enriched networks associated with diseases. The purpose of this study was to characterize the antibody profile of plasma samples from 32 colorectal cancer (CRC) patients and 32 controls using proteins isolated from 15,417 human cDNA expression clones on microarrays. 671 unique DIRAGs were identified and 632 were more highly reactive in CRC samples. Bioinformatics analyses reveal that compared to control samples, the immunoproteomic IgG profiling of CRC samples is mainly associated with cell death, survival, and proliferation pathways, especially proteins involved in EIF2 and mTOR signaling. Ribosomal proteins (e.g., RPL7, RPL22, and RPL27A) and CRC-related genes such as APC, AXIN1, E2F4, MSH2, PMS2, and TP53 were highly enriched. In addition, differential pathways were observed between the CRC and control samples. Furthermore, 103 DIRAGs were reported in the SEREX antigen database, demonstrating our ability to identify known and new reactive antigens. We also found an overlap of 7 antigens with 48 “CRC genes.” These data indicate that immunomics profiling on protein microarrays is able to reveal the complexity of immune responses in cancerous diseases and faithfully reflects the underlying pathology.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Khulan Sergelen
- Molecular Diagnostics, AIT - Austrian Institute of Technology, A-1190 Vienna, Austria
| | - Philipp Hofer
- Department of Medicine I, Institute of Cancer Research, Comprehensive Cancer Center, Medical University Vienna, A-1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - István Gyurján
- Molecular Diagnostics, AIT - Austrian Institute of Technology, A-1190 Vienna, Austria
| | - Stefanie Brezina
- Department of Medicine I, Institute of Cancer Research, Comprehensive Cancer Center, Medical University Vienna, A-1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Peter Hettegger
- Molecular Diagnostics, AIT - Austrian Institute of Technology, A-1190 Vienna, Austria
| | - Gernot Leeb
- Hospital Oberpullendorf, A-7350, Oberpullendorf, Austria
| | - Karl Mach
- Hospital Oberpullendorf, A-7350, Oberpullendorf, Austria
| | - Andrea Gsur
- Department of Medicine I, Institute of Cancer Research, Comprehensive Cancer Center, Medical University Vienna, A-1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Andreas Weinhäusel
- Molecular Diagnostics, AIT - Austrian Institute of Technology, A-1190 Vienna, Austria.
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17
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Characterization of Behavioral, Signaling and Cytokine Alterations in a Rat Neurodevelopmental Model for Schizophrenia, and Their Reversal by the 5-HT 6 Receptor Antagonist SB-399885. Mol Neurobiol 2018; 55:7413-7430. [PMID: 29423817 PMCID: PMC6096968 DOI: 10.1007/s12035-018-0940-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2017] [Accepted: 01/28/2018] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Post-weaning social isolation of rats produces neuroanatomical, neurochemical and behavioral alterations resembling some core features of schizophrenia. This study examined the ability of the 5-HT6 receptor antagonist SB-399885 to reverse isolation-induced cognitive deficits, then investigated alterations in hippocampal cell proliferation and hippocampal and frontal cortical expression of selected intracellular signaling molecules and cytokines. Male Lister hooded rats (weaned on post-natal days 21-24 and housed individually or in groups of 3-4) received six i.p. injections of vehicle (1% Tween 80, 1 mL/kg) or SB-399885 (5 or 10 mg/kg) over a 2-week period starting 40 days post-weaning, on the days that locomotor activity, novel object discrimination (NOD), pre-pulse inhibition of acoustic startle and acquisition, retention and extinction of a conditioned freezing response (CFR) were assessed. Tissue was collected 24 h after the final injection for immunohistochemistry, reverse-phase protein microarray and western blotting. Isolation rearing impaired NOD and cue-mediated CFR, decreased cell proliferation within the dentate gyrus, and elevated hippocampal TNFα levels and Cdc42 expression. SB-399885 reversed the NOD deficit and partially normalized CFR and cell proliferation. These effects were accompanied by altered expression of several members of the c-Jun N-terminal Kinase (JNK) and p38 MAPK signaling pathways (including TAK1, MKK4 and STAT3). Although JNK and p38 themselves were unaltered at this time point hippocampal TAK1 expression and phosphorylation correlated with visual recognition memory in the NOD task. Continued use of this neurodevelopmental model could further elucidate the neurobiology of schizophrenia and aid assessment of novel therapies for drug-resistant cognitive symptoms.
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18
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Fan CW, Kuo YB, Lin GP, Chen SM, Chang SH, Li BA, Chan EC. Development of a multiplexed tumor-associated autoantibody-based blood test for the detection of colorectal cancer. Clin Chim Acta 2017; 475:157-163. [PMID: 29074220 DOI: 10.1016/j.cca.2017.10.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2017] [Revised: 10/01/2017] [Accepted: 10/22/2017] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Colorectal cancer (CRC) is one of the most common malignancies worldwide, and early diagnosis is vital to improving prognoses. We explored the diagnostic potential of a multiplex autoantibody panel as a biomarker for the detection of CRC by ELISA. METHODS In total, 192 serum samples (92 CRC and 100 matched controls) were tested against a panel of 12 tumor-associated antigens (TAAs): RPH3AL, RPL36, SLP2, p53, survivin, ANAXA4, SEC61B, CCCAP, NYCO16, NMDAR, PLSCR1, and HDAC5. Individual and combined autoantibody signatures were examined. RESULTS Compared to individual autoantibody markers, the combinations of TAAs provided better discrimination between tumorous and normal sera. The overall sensitivity of a selected panel of four antibodies (anti-SLP2, -p53, -SEC61B, and -PLSCR1) was 64.1%, with a specificity of 80% that increased to 83.7% when carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) measurement was added. Furthermore, the sensitivity of the panel of four antibodies for early and advanced stages of CRC was 66.7% and 62%, increasing to 88.3% and 84%, respectively, when CEA was added. CONCLUSIONS We identified a panel of four antibodies as a promising diagnostic biomarker for the detection of CRC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chung-Wei Fan
- Division of Colorectal Surgery, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Keelung and Chang Gung University, College of Medicine, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | | | - Geng-Pin Lin
- Division of Colon and Rectal Surgery, Department of Surgery, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Linkou, Taiwan
| | - Si-Min Chen
- Department of Medical Biotechnology and Laboratory Science, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Shih-Hsien Chang
- Department of Medical Biotechnology and Laboratory Science, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Bo-An Li
- State Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Biology, Innovation Center for Cell Signaling Network, School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, China
| | - Err-Cheng Chan
- Division of Colon and Rectal Surgery, Department of Surgery, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Linkou, Taiwan; Department of Medical Biotechnology and Laboratory Science, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan.
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Ohkawa K, Asakura T, Tsukada Y, Matsuura T. Antibody to human α-fetoprotein inhibits cell growth of human hepatocellular carcinoma cells by resuscitating the PTEN molecule: in vitro experiments. Int J Oncol 2017; 50:2180-2190. [PMID: 28498467 DOI: 10.3892/ijo.2017.3982] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2017] [Accepted: 04/10/2017] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
It has been proposed that α-fetoprotein (AFP) is a new member of the intracellular signaling molecule family of the phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K)/AKT signaling pathway via interaction with the phosphatase and tensin homolog (PTEN). In this study, the effects of anti-human AFP antibody on the functions of PTEN were examined using an AFP-producing human hepatoma cell line. The antibody caused significant inhibition of cell growth, compared to a normal IgG control, with the accumulation of intracellular immune complexes followed by significant reduction of cytosolic functional AFP. Decrease in the amount of AKT phosphorylated on serine (S) 473 indicated that PI3K/AKT signaling was suppressed in the cells. S380-phosphorylated PTEN increased markedly by the second day after antibody treatment, with slight but significant increase in the PTEN protein level. Since phosphorylation at S380 is critical for PTEN stability, the increase in S380-phosphorylated PTEN indicated maintenance of the number of PTEN molecules and the related potential to control PI3K/AKT signaling. p53 protein (P53) significantly, but slightly increased during antibody treatment, because PTEN expression increased the stability and function of P53 via both molecular interactions. P53 phosphorylated at S20 or at S392 dramatically increased, suggesting an increase in the stability, accumulation and activation of P53. Glucose transporter 1 (GLUT1) increased immediately after antibody treatment, pointing to a deficiency of glucose in the cells. Immunofluorescence cytology revealed that antibody-treatment re-distributed GLUT1 molecules throughout the cytoplasm with a reduction of their patchy localization on the cell surface. This suggested that translocation of GLUT1 depends on the PI3K/AKT pathway, in particular on PTEN expression. Antibody therapy targeted at AFP-producing tumor cells showed an inhibitory effect on the PI3K/AKT pathway via the liberation, restoration and functional stabilization of PTEN. PTEN simultaneously induced both P53 activation and intracellular translocation of GLUT1, since these are closely associated with PTEN.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kiyoshi Ohkawa
- Stable Isotope Medical Applications Laboratory, Research Center for Medical Science, Jikei University School of Medicine, Minato-ku, Tokyo 105-8461, Japan
| | - Tadashi Asakura
- Radioisotope Research Facilities, Research Center for Medical Science, Jikei University School of Medicine, Minato-ku, Tokyo 105-8461, Japan
| | - Yutaka Tsukada
- Hachioji Laboratory, SRL Inc., Komiya-cho, Hachioji, Tokyo 192-8535, Japan
| | - Tomokazu Matsuura
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Jikei University School of Medicine, Minato-ku, Tokyo 105-8461, Japan
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