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Evans LW, Durbin-Johnson B, Sutton KJ, Yam P, Bouzid YY, Cervantes E, Bonnel E, Stephenson CB, Bennett BJ. Specific circulating miRNAs are associated with plasma lipids in a healthy American cohort. Physiol Genomics 2024; 56:492-505. [PMID: 38557280 DOI: 10.1152/physiolgenomics.00087.2023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2023] [Revised: 02/20/2024] [Accepted: 03/27/2024] [Indexed: 04/04/2024] Open
Abstract
Low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-c) is both a therapeutic target and a risk factor for cardiovascular disease (CVD). MicroRNA (miRNA) has been shown to regulate cholesterol homeostasis, and miRNA in blood circulation has been linked to hypercholesterolemia. However, few studies to date have associated miRNA with phenotypes like LDL-c in a healthy population. To this end, we analyzed circulating miRNA in relation to LDL-c in a healthy cohort of 353 participants using two separate bioinformatic approaches. The first approach found that miR-15b-5p and miR-16-5p were upregulated in individuals with at-risk levels of LDL-c. The second approach identified two miRNA clusters, one that positively and a second that negatively correlated with LDL-c. Included in the cluster that positively correlated with LDL-c were miR-15b-5p and miR-16-5p, as well as other miRNA from the miR-15/107, miR-30, and let-7 families. Cross-species analyses suggested that several miRNAs that associated with LDL-c are conserved between mice and humans. Finally, we examined the influence of diet on circulating miRNA. Our results robustly linked circulating miRNA with LDL-c, suggesting that miRNA could be used as biomarkers for hypercholesterolemia or targets for developing cholesterol-lowering drugs.NEW & NOTEWORTHY This study explored the association between circulating microRNA (miRNA) and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-c) in a healthy population of 353 participants. Two miRNAs, miR-15b-5p and miR-16-5p, were upregulated in individuals with at-risk LDL-c levels. Several miRNA clusters were positively and negatively correlated with LDL-c and are known to target mRNA involved in lipid metabolism. The study also investigated the influence of diet on circulating miRNA, suggesting potential biomarkers for hypercholesterolemia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Levi W Evans
- USDA-ARS-Western Human Nutrition Research Center, Davis, California, United States
| | - Blythe Durbin-Johnson
- Division of Biostatistics, University of California, Davis, California, United States
| | - Kristen J Sutton
- Department of Nutrition, University of California, Davis, California, United States
| | - Phoebe Yam
- Department of Nutrition, University of California, Davis, California, United States
| | - Yasmine Y Bouzid
- Department of Nutrition, University of California, Davis, California, United States
| | - Eduardo Cervantes
- Department of Nutrition, University of California, Davis, California, United States
| | - Ellen Bonnel
- Department of Nutrition, University of California, Davis, California, United States
| | - Charles B Stephenson
- USDA-ARS-Western Human Nutrition Research Center, Davis, California, United States
- Department of Nutrition, University of California, Davis, California, United States
| | - Brian J Bennett
- USDA-ARS-Western Human Nutrition Research Center, Davis, California, United States
- Department of Nutrition, University of California, Davis, California, United States
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2
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Euler G, Parahuleva M. Monocytic microRNAs-Novel targets in atherosclerosis therapy. Br J Pharmacol 2024. [PMID: 38575391 DOI: 10.1111/bph.16367] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2023] [Revised: 02/02/2024] [Accepted: 02/16/2024] [Indexed: 04/06/2024] Open
Abstract
Atherosclerosis is a chronic proinflammatory disease of the vascular wall resulting in narrowing of arteries due to plaque formation, thereby causing reduced blood supply that is the leading cause for diverse end-organ damage with high mortality rates. Monocytes/macrophages, activated by elevated circulating lipoproteins, are significantly involved in the formation and development of atherosclerotic plaques. The imbalance between proinflammatory and anti-inflammatory macrophages, arising from dysregulated macrophage polarization, appears to be a driving force in this process. Proatherosclerotic processes acting on monocytes/macrophages include accumulation of cholesterol in macrophages leading to foam cell formation, as well as dysfunctional efferocytosis, all of which contribute to the formation of unstable plaques. In recent years, microRNAs (miRs) were identified as factors that could modulate monocyte/macrophage function and may therefore interfere with the atherosclerotic process. In this review, we present effects of monocyte/macrophage-derived miRs on atherosclerotic processes in order to reveal new treatment options using miRmimics or antagomiRs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gerhild Euler
- Institute of Physiology, Justus Liebig University, Giessen, Germany
| | - Mariana Parahuleva
- Internal Medicine/Cardiology and Angiology, University Hospital of Giessen and Marburg, Marburg, Germany
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3
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Rivera J, Sharma B, Torres MM, Kumar S. Factors affecting the GABAergic synapse function in Alzheimer's disease: Focus on microRNAs. Ageing Res Rev 2023; 92:102123. [PMID: 37967653 DOI: 10.1016/j.arr.2023.102123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2023] [Revised: 11/07/2023] [Accepted: 11/09/2023] [Indexed: 11/17/2023]
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a progressive neurological disease characterized by the loss of cognitive function, confusion, and memory deficit. Accumulation of abnormal proteins, amyloid beta (Aß), and phosphorylated Tau (p-tau) forms plaques and tangles that deteriorate synapse function, resulting in neurodegeneration and cognitive decline in AD. The human brain is composed of different types of neurons and/or synapses that are functionally defective in AD. The GABAergic synapse, the most abundant inhibitory neuron in the human brain was found to be dysfunctional in AD and contributes to disrupting neurological function. This study explored the types of GABA receptors associated with neurological dysfunction and various biological and environmental factors that cause GABAergic neuron dysfunction in AD, such as Aβ, p-tau, aging, sex, astrocytes, microglia, APOE, mental disorder, diet, physical activity, and sleep. Furthermore, we explored the role of microRNAs (miRNAs) in the regulation of GABAergic synapse function in neurological disorders and AD states. We also discuss the molecular mechanisms underlying GABAergic synapse dysfunction with a focus on miR-27b, miR-30a, miR-190a/b, miR-33, miR-51, miR-129-5p, miR-376-3p, miR-376c, miR-30b and miR-502-3p. The purpose of our article is to highlight the recent research on miRNAs affecting the regulation of GABAergic synapse function and factors that contribute to the progression of AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jazmin Rivera
- Center of Emphasis in Neuroscience, Department of Molecular and Translational Medicine, Paul L. Foster School of Medicine, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, El Paso, TX, USA
| | - Bhupender Sharma
- Center of Emphasis in Neuroscience, Department of Molecular and Translational Medicine, Paul L. Foster School of Medicine, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, El Paso, TX, USA
| | - Melissa M Torres
- Center of Emphasis in Neuroscience, Department of Molecular and Translational Medicine, Paul L. Foster School of Medicine, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, El Paso, TX, USA
| | - Subodh Kumar
- Center of Emphasis in Neuroscience, Department of Molecular and Translational Medicine, Paul L. Foster School of Medicine, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, El Paso, TX, USA; L. Frederick Francis Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, El Paso, TX, USA.
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4
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Sum H, Brewer AC. Epigenetic modifications as therapeutic targets in atherosclerosis: a focus on DNA methylation and non-coding RNAs. Front Cardiovasc Med 2023; 10:1183181. [PMID: 37304954 PMCID: PMC10248074 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2023.1183181] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2023] [Accepted: 05/02/2023] [Indexed: 06/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Significant progress in the diagnosis and treatment of cardiovascular disease (CVD) has been made in the past decade, yet it remains a leading cause of morbidity and mortality globally, claiming an estimated 17.9 million deaths per year. Although encompassing any condition that affects the circulatory system, including thrombotic blockage, stenosis, aneurysms, blood clots and arteriosclerosis (general hardening of the arteries), the most prevalent underlying hallmark of CVD is atherosclerosis; the plaque-associated arterial thickening. Further, distinct CVD conditions have overlapping dysregulated molecular and cellular characteristics which underlie their development and progression, suggesting some common aetiology. The identification of heritable genetic mutations associated with the development of atherosclerotic vascular disease (AVD), in particular resulting from Genome Wide Association Studies (GWAS) studies has significantly improved the ability to identify individuals at risk. However, it is increasingly recognised that environmentally-acquired, epigenetic changes are key factors associated with atherosclerosis development. Increasing evidence suggests that these epigenetic changes, most notably DNA methylation and the misexpression of non-coding, microRNAs (miRNAs) are potentially both predictive and causal in AVD development. This, together with their reversible nature, makes them both useful biomarkers for disease and attractive therapeutic targets potentially to reverse AVD progression. We consider here the association of aberrant DNA methylation and dysregulated miRNA expression with the aetiology and progression of atherosclerosis, and the potential development of novel cell-based strategies to target these epigenetic changes therapeutically.
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5
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Teixeira AR, Ferreira VV, Pereira-da-Silva T, Ferreira RC. The role of miRNAs in the diagnosis of stable atherosclerosis of different arterial territories: A critical review. Front Cardiovasc Med 2022; 9:1040971. [PMID: 36505351 PMCID: PMC9733725 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2022.1040971] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2022] [Accepted: 10/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Atherosclerotic disease is a major cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide. Atherosclerosis may be present in different arterial territories and as a single- or multi-territorial disease. The different phenotypes of atherosclerosis are attributable only in part to acquired cardiovascular risk factors and genetic Mendelian inheritance. miRNAs, which regulate the gene expression at the post-transcriptional level, may also contribute to such heterogeneity. Numerous miRNAs participate in the pathophysiology of atherosclerosis by modulating endothelial function, smooth vascular cell function, vascular inflammation, and cholesterol homeostasis in the vessel, among other biological processes. Moreover, miRNAs are present in peripheral blood with high stability and have the potential to be used as non-invasive biomarkers for the diagnosis of atherosclerosis. However, the circulating miRNA profile may vary according to the involved arterial territory, considering that atherosclerosis expression, including the associated molecular phenotype, varies according to the affected arterial territory. In this review, we discuss the specific circulating miRNA profiles associated with atherosclerosis of different arterial territories, the common circulating miRNA profile of stable atherosclerosis irrespective of the involved arterial territory, and the circulating miRNA signature of multi-territorial atherosclerosis. miRNAs may consist of a simple non-invasive method for discriminating atherosclerosis of different arterial sites. The limitations of miRNA profiling for such clinical application are also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Rita Teixeira
- Department of Cardiology, Hospital de Santa Marta, Centro Hospitalar Universitário de Lisboa Central, Lisbon, Portugal
- *Correspondence: Ana Rita Teixeira
| | - Vera Vaz Ferreira
- Department of Cardiology, Hospital de Santa Marta, Centro Hospitalar Universitário de Lisboa Central, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Tiago Pereira-da-Silva
- Department of Cardiology, Hospital de Santa Marta, Centro Hospitalar Universitário de Lisboa Central, Lisbon, Portugal
- NOVA Medical School | Faculdade de Ciências Médicas, Universidade NOVA de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Rui Cruz Ferreira
- Department of Cardiology, Hospital de Santa Marta, Centro Hospitalar Universitário de Lisboa Central, Lisbon, Portugal
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The Role of MicroRNAs in Hyperlipidemia: From Pathogenesis to Therapeutical Application. Mediators Inflamm 2022; 2022:3101900. [PMID: 35757107 PMCID: PMC9232323 DOI: 10.1155/2022/3101900] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2022] [Accepted: 06/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Hyperlipidemia is a common metabolic disorder with high morbidity and mortality, which brings heavy burden on social. Understanding its pathogenesis and finding its potential therapeutic targets are the focus of current research in this field. In recent years, an increasing number of studies have proved that miRNAs play vital roles in regulating lipid metabolism and were considered as promising therapeutic targets for hyperlipidemia and related diseases. It is demonstrated that miR-191, miR-222, miR-224, miR-27a, miR-378a-3p, miR-140-5p, miR-483, and miR-520d-5p were closely associated with the pathogenesis of hyperlipidemia. In this review, we provide brief overviews about advances in miRNAs in hyperlipidemia and its potential clinical application value.
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7
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Decoding microRNA drivers in Atherosclerosis. Biosci Rep 2022; 42:231479. [PMID: 35758143 PMCID: PMC9289798 DOI: 10.1042/bsr20212355] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2022] [Revised: 05/17/2022] [Accepted: 06/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
An estimated 97% of the human genome consists of non-protein-coding sequences. As our understanding of genome regulation improves, this has led to the characterization of a diverse array of non-coding RNAs (ncRNA). Among these, micro-RNAs (miRNAs) belong to the short ncRNA class (22–25 nucleotides in length), with approximately 2500 miRNA genes encoded within the human genome. From a therapeutic perspective, there is interest in exploiting miRNA as biomarkers of disease progression and response to treatments, as well as miRNA mimics/repressors as novel medicines. miRNA have emerged as an important class of RNA master regulators with important roles identified in the pathogenesis of atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease. Atherosclerosis is characterized by a chronic inflammatory build-up, driven largely by low-density lipoprotein cholesterol accumulation within the artery wall and vascular injury, including endothelial dysfunction, leukocyte recruitment and vascular remodelling. Conventional therapy focuses on lifestyle interventions, blood pressure-lowering medications, high-intensity statin therapy and antiplatelet agents. However, a significant proportion of patients remain at increased risk of cardiovascular disease. This continued cardiovascular risk is referred to as residual risk. Hence, a new drug class targeting atherosclerosis could synergise with existing therapies to optimise outcomes. Here, we review our current understanding of the role of ncRNA, with a focus on miRNA, in the development and progression of atherosclerosis, highlighting novel biological mechanisms and therapeutic avenues.
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Suzuki K, Yamada H, Fujii R, Munetsuna E, Yamazaki M, Ando Y, Ohashi K, Ishikawa H, Mizuno G, Tsuboi Y, Hashimoto S, Hamajima N. Circulating microRNA-27a and -133a are negatively associated with incident hypertension: A five-year longitudinal population-based study. Biomarkers 2022; 27:496-502. [DOI: 10.1080/1354750x.2022.2070281] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Koji Suzuki
- Department of Preventive Medical Sciences, Fujita Health University School of Medical Sciences, Toyoake, Japan
| | - Hiroya Yamada
- Department of Hygiene, Fujita Health University School of Medicine, Toyoake, Japan
| | - Ryosuke Fujii
- Department of Preventive Medical Sciences, Fujita Health University School of Medical Sciences, Toyoake, Japan
| | - Eiji Munetsuna
- Department of Biochemistry, Fujita Health University School of Medicine, Toyoake, Japan
| | - Mirai Yamazaki
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Kagawa Prefectural University of Health Sciences, Takamatsu, Japan
| | - Yoshitaka Ando
- Department of Informative Clinical Medicine, Fujita Health University School of Medical Sciences, Toyoake, Japan
| | - Koji Ohashi
- Department of Informative Clinical Medicine, Fujita Health University School of Medical Sciences, Toyoake, Japan
| | - Hiroaki Ishikawa
- Department of Informative Clinical Medicine, Fujita Health University School of Medical Sciences, Toyoake, Japan
| | - Genki Mizuno
- Department of Medical Technology, Tokyo University of Technology School of Health Sciences, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yohiski Tsuboi
- Department of Preventive Medical Sciences, Fujita Health University School of Medical Sciences, Toyoake, Japan
| | - Shuji Hashimoto
- Department of Hygiene, Fujita Health University School of Medicine, Toyoake, Japan
| | - Nobuyuki Hamajima
- Department of Healthcare Administration, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
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9
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Santovito D, Weber C. Non-canonical features of microRNAs: paradigms emerging from cardiovascular disease. Nat Rev Cardiol 2022; 19:620-638. [PMID: 35304600 DOI: 10.1038/s41569-022-00680-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 02/14/2022] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Research showing that microRNAs (miRNAs) are versatile regulators of gene expression has instigated tremendous interest in cardiovascular research. The overwhelming majority of studies are predicated on the dogmatic notion that miRNAs regulate the expression of specific target mRNAs by inhibiting mRNA translation or promoting mRNA decay in the RNA-induced silencing complex (RISC). These efforts mostly identified and dissected contributions of multiple regulatory networks of miRNA-target mRNAs to cardiovascular pathogenesis. However, evidence from studies in the past decade indicates that miRNAs also operate beyond this canonical paradigm, featuring non-conventional regulatory functions and cellular localizations that have a pathophysiological role in cardiovascular disease. In this Review, we highlight the functional relevance of atypical miRNA biogenesis and localization as well as RISC heterogeneity. Moreover, we delineate remarkable non-canonical examples of miRNA functionality, including direct interactions with proteins beyond the Argonaute family and their role in transcriptional regulation in the nucleus and in mitochondria. We scrutinize the relevance of non-conventional biogenesis and non-canonical functions of miRNAs in cardiovascular homeostasis and pathology, and contextualize how uncovering these non-conventional properties can expand the scope of translational research in the cardiovascular field and beyond.
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Affiliation(s)
- Donato Santovito
- Institute for Cardiovascular Prevention (IPEK), Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität (LMU), Munich, Germany. .,German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), partner site Munich Heart Alliance, Munich, Germany. .,Institute for Genetic and Biomedical Research (IRGB), Unit of Milan, National Research Council, Milan, Italy.
| | - Christian Weber
- Institute for Cardiovascular Prevention (IPEK), Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität (LMU), Munich, Germany. .,German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), partner site Munich Heart Alliance, Munich, Germany. .,Department of Biochemistry, Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht (CARIM), Maastricht University, Maastricht, Netherlands. .,Munich Cluster for Systems Neurology (SyNergy), Munich, Germany.
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10
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Lv X, Zhang XY, Zhang Q, Nie YJ, Luo GH, Fan X, Yang S, Zhao QH, Li JQ. lncRNA NEAT1 aggravates sepsis-induced lung injury by regulating the miR-27a/PTEN axis. J Transl Med 2021; 101:1371-1381. [PMID: 34239033 DOI: 10.1038/s41374-021-00620-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2020] [Revised: 05/19/2021] [Accepted: 05/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Sepsis is an acute inflammatory reaction and a cause of acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS). In the present study, we explored the roles and underlying mechanism of the lncRNA Nuclear enriched abundant transcript 1 (NEAT1) in ARDS. The expression levels of genes, proteins and pro-inflammatory cytokines in patients with ARDS, LPS-stimulated cells and septic mouse models were quantified using qPCR, western blotting and ELISA assays, respectively. The molecular targeting relationship was validated by conducting a dual-luciferase reporter assay. Cell proliferation was assessed using the Cell Counting Kit-8 (CCK-8) assay. The cell cycle phase was determined by flow cytometry assay. The expression levels of NEAT1 and pro-inflammatory cytokines were higher in patients with ARDS and septic models than in controls. Knockdown of NEAT1 significantly increased cell proliferation and cycle progression and prolonged mouse survival in vitro and in vivo. Mechanistically, miR-27a was identified as a downstream target of NEAT1 and directly inhibited PTEN expression. Further rescue experiments revealed that inhibition of miR-27a impeded the promoting effects of NEAT1 silence on cell proliferation and cycle progression, whereas inhibition of PTEN markedly weakened the inhibitory effects of NEAT1 overexpression on cell proliferation and cycle progression. Altogether, our study revealed that NEAT1 plays a promoting role in the progression of ARDS via the NEAT1/miR-27a/PTEN regulatory network, providing new insight into the pathologic mechanism behind ARDS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xia Lv
- Emergency Intensive Care Unit, Guizhou Provincial People's Hospital, Guiyang, P. R. China
| | - Xiang-Yan Zhang
- NHC Key Laboratory of Pulmonary Immune-related Diseases, Guizhou Provincial People's Hospital GZU, Guiyang, P. R. China
| | - Qian Zhang
- Department of Emergency, Guizhou Provincial People's Hospital, Guiyang, P. R. China
| | - Ying-Jie Nie
- NHC Key Laboratory of Pulmonary Immune-related Diseases, Guizhou Provincial People's Hospital GZU, Guiyang, P. R. China
| | - Guang-Heng Luo
- Department of Urinary Surgery, Guizhou Provincial People's Hospital, Guiyang, P. R. China
| | - Xia Fan
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Guizhou Provincial People's Hospital, Guiyang, P. R. China
| | - Song Yang
- Department of Endoscope, Guizhou Provincial People's Hospital, Guiyang, P. R. China
| | - Qing-Hua Zhao
- Department of Nursing, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, P. R. China.
| | - Jian-Quan Li
- NHC Key Laboratory of Pulmonary Immune-related Diseases, Guizhou Provincial People's Hospital GZU, Guiyang, P. R. China.
- Intensive Care Unit, Guizhou Provincial People's Hospital, Guiyang, P. R. China.
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11
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Liu S, Gao J, Wang S. HOXA9 inhibitors promote microcirculation of coronary arteries in rats via downregulating E-selectin/VCAM-1. Exp Ther Med 2021; 22:871. [PMID: 34194549 PMCID: PMC8237395 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2021.10303] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2020] [Accepted: 04/28/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Atherosclerosis (AS) is a chronic pathophysiological process that causes high mortality and morbidity. It has previously been reported that homeobox A9 (HOXA9) may participate in regulation of the cardiovascular system and the pathology of AS by upregulating E-selectin and vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 (VCAM-1). Thus, inhibiting HOXA9 could promote microcirculation of coronary arteries and could act as a potential therapy for AS treatment. Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into four groups, as follows: i) AS; ii) AS + HOXA9 inhibitor; iii) AS + small interfering RNA-HOXA9 and iv) normal control. ELISA was used to measure the levels of TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-12, C-C motif chemokine ligand 25 (CCL25), low-density lipoprotein (LDL), high-density lipoprotein (HDL) and very-low-density lipoprotein (VLDL). Flow cytometry was employed to detect the content of M1 macrophages. Hematoxylin & eosin (H&E) staining was performed to observe the morphology of the coronary arteries. Oil red O staining was conducted for the evaluation of lipid accumulation. Immunohistochemistry was used to visualize the protein expression levels of HOXA9 in the coronary arteries. Western blotting was utilized to determine the protein expression levels of HOXA9, platelet factor-4 (PF4), E-selectin and VCAM-1. HOXA9 inhibitors were found to downregulate the levels of TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-12, CCL25, LDL and VLDL, and upregulate HDL levels in the blood of AS rats. The content of M1 macrophages was also decreased following injection of HOXA9 inhibitors in the AS group. H&E and oil red O staining analysis indicated that HOXA9 inhibitors attenuated vascular symptoms and lipid formation in AS rats. Furthermore, western blotting suggested that inhibition of HOXA9 reduced the expression levels of PF4, E-selectin and VCAM-1, while overexpression of PF4 resulted in the opposite effects. The present study revealed that inhibiting HOXA9 alleviated the symptoms of AS via downregulation of the PF4 and E-selectin/VCAM-1 pathway to promote microcirculation in the coronary arteries of AS rats. These findings indicated that HOXA9 inhibitors may have the potential to succeed in the treatment of AS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shilei Liu
- Internal Medicine-Cardiovascular Department, Shengli Oilfield Central Hospital, Dongying, Shandong 257000, P.R. China
| | - Jing Gao
- Internal Medicine-Cardiovascular Department, Shengli Oilfield Central Hospital, Dongying, Shandong 257000, P.R. China
| | - Sai Wang
- Internal Medicine-Cardiovascular Department, Shengli Oilfield Central Hospital, Dongying, Shandong 257000, P.R. China
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12
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Ye Z, Hu J, Xu H, Sun B, Jin Y, Zhang Y, Zhang J. Serum Exosomal microRNA-27-3p Aggravates Cerebral Injury and Inflammation in Patients with Acute Cerebral Infarction by Targeting PPARγ. Inflammation 2021; 44:1035-1048. [PMID: 33394189 DOI: 10.1007/s10753-020-01399-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2020] [Revised: 12/02/2020] [Accepted: 12/08/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Acute cerebral infarction (ACI) possesses high mortality. Exosomes present in serum have potential application value in ACI diagnosis. This study investigated the mechanism of serum exosomes in ACI. Serum exosomes isolated from ACI patients and normal people were identified and then injected into the established middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) rat model to evaluate cerebral injury and inflammation. Exosomal microRNA (miR)-27-3p expression was detected and interfered to analyze rat cerebral inflammation. The binding relationship between miR-27-3p and PPARγ was predicted and verified. The lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-treated microglia model was established and intervened with miR-27-3p to detect PPARγ, Iba-1, and inflammation-related factor expressions. After overexpressing PPARγ, rat cerebral inflammation was evaluated. The clinical significance of serum exosomal miR-27-3p in ACI was evaluated. Serum exosomes from ACI patients caused exacerbated MCAO rat cerebral injury and poor behavior recovery, as well as promoted cerebral inflammation. Serum exosomal miR-27-3p deepened rat brain inflammation. miR-27-3p targeted PPARγ to promote microglia activation and inflammation-related factor expressions in MCAO rats, and overexpressing PPARγ attenuated MCAO rat cerebral inflammation. Serum exosomal miR-27-3p promised to be a biomarker for ACI. We proved that serum exosomes from ACI patients aggravated ACI patient cerebral inflammation via the miR-27-3p/PPARγ axis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhinan Ye
- Department of Neurology, Municipal Hospital Affiliated to Medical School of Taizhou University, Taizhou, 318000, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Jingchun Hu
- Department of Anesthesiology, Lishui Municipal Central Hospital, Lishui Hospital of Zhejiang University, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 323000, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Hao Xu
- Department of Neurology, Municipal Hospital Affiliated to Medical School of Taizhou University, Taizhou, 318000, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Bin Sun
- Department of Neurology, Municipal Hospital Affiliated to Medical School of Taizhou University, Taizhou, 318000, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Yong Jin
- Department of Neurosurgery, Municipal Hospital Affiliated to Medical School of Taizhou University, Taizhou, 318000, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Yaping Zhang
- Department of Neurology, Municipal Hospital Affiliated to Medical School of Taizhou University, Taizhou, 318000, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Jianli Zhang
- Department of Neurology, Lishui Municipal Central Hospital, Lishui Hospital of Zhejiang University, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, No.289 Kuocang Road, Liandu District of Lishui City, Wenzhou, 323000, Zhejiang Province, China.
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13
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Su X, Nie M, Zhang G, Wang B. MicroRNA in cardio-metabolic disorders. Clin Chim Acta 2021; 518:134-141. [PMID: 33823149 DOI: 10.1016/j.cca.2021.03.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2020] [Revised: 03/15/2021] [Accepted: 03/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Hyperlipidemia is correlated with several health problems that contain the combination of hypertension, obesity, and diabetes mellitus, which are grouped as metabolic syndrome. Though the lipid-lowering agents, such as statins, which aims to reduce serum low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) has been considered as one of the most effective therapeutics in treating hyperlipidemia and coronary artery diseases, the persistent high risk of atherosclerosis after intensive lipid-lowering therapy could not be simply explained by hyperlipidemia. Therefore, it is necessary to identify novel factors to manage treatment and to predict risk of cardio-metabolic events. Endeavor over the past several decades has demonstrated the important functions of microRNAs in modulating macrophage activation, lipid metabolism, and hyperlipidemia. In the present review, we summarized the recent findings which highlighted the contributions of microRNAs in regulating serum lipid metabolism. Furthermore, we also provided the potential mechanisms whereby microRNAs controlled lipid metabolism and the risk of cardio-metabolic disorders, which could help us to identify microRNAs as a promising therapeutic target for hyperlipidemia and its related cardiovascular diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Su
- Department of Cardiology, The Xiamen Cardiovascular Hospital of Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, China
| | - Meiling Nie
- Department of Cardiology, The Xiamen Cardiovascular Hospital of Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, China
| | - Guoming Zhang
- Department of Cardiology, The Xiamen Cardiovascular Hospital of Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, China.
| | - Bin Wang
- Department of Cardiology, The Xiamen Cardiovascular Hospital of Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, China.
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14
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Telkoparan-Akillilar P, Cevik D. Identification of miR-17, miR-21, miR-27a, miR-106b and miR-222 as endoplasmic reticulum stress-related potential biomarkers in circulation of patients with atherosclerosis. Mol Biol Rep 2021; 48:3503-3513. [PMID: 33860430 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-021-06352-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2021] [Accepted: 04/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Atherosclerosis and related cardiovascular diseases are among the most common causes of death worldwide. Unfolded protein response, also known as Endoplasmic reticulum stress, has a critical role in many diseases including atherosclerosis. Small non-coding microRNAs (miRNA), which generally suppress gene expression, regulate UPR signalling and they may also be involved in the progression of atherosclerosis. We aim to investigate the expression levels of miR-17, miR-21, miR-27a, miR-106b, miR-222 and CHOP gene in circulation of atherosclerosis patients compared to healthy controls to establish a link between ER stress and atherosclerosis. miRNA containing whole RNA was isolated from blood samples of 25 patients with atherosclerosis and 26 healthy controls. Expression levels of miRNAs and CHOP were measured via Real Time PCR method. miR-17 and miR-106b were significantly increased while miR-21, miR-27a, and miR-222 were significantly decreased in patients compared to controls. CHOP gene was also dramatically and significantly induced in patient samples. miR-17, miR-21, miR-27a, miR-106b, miR-222 and CHOP were significantly differentially expressed in patients with atherosclerosis. Each miRNA and CHOP might regulate atherosclerotic plaque progression and they can be used as a biomarker in the diagnosis and follow-up of atherosclerosis-related cardiovascular diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Dilek Cevik
- Department of Medical Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Yuksek Ihtisas University, Ankara, Turkey
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15
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Pereira-da-Silva T, Napoleão P, Costa MC, Gabriel AF, Selas M, Silva F, Enguita FJ, Ferreira RC, Carmo MM. Cigarette Smoking, miR-27b Downregulation, and Peripheral Artery Disease: Insights into the Mechanisms of Smoking Toxicity. J Clin Med 2021; 10:jcm10040890. [PMID: 33671744 PMCID: PMC7926909 DOI: 10.3390/jcm10040890] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2021] [Revised: 02/14/2021] [Accepted: 02/17/2021] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Cigarette smoking is a risk factor for the development of peripheral artery disease (PAD), although the proatherosclerotic mediators of cigarette smoking are not entirely known. We explored whether circulating microRNAs (miRNAs) are dysregulated in cigarette smokers and associated with the presence of PAD. Ninety-four participants were recruited, including 58 individuals without and 36 with PAD, 51 never smokers, 28 prior smokers, and 15 active smokers. The relative expression of six circulating miRNAs with distinct biological roles (miR-21, miR-27b, miR-29a, miR-126, miR-146, and miR-218) was assessed. Cigarette smoking was associated with the presence of PAD in multivariate analysis. Active smokers, but not prior smokers, presented miR-27b downregulation and higher leukocyte, neutrophil, and lymphocyte counts; miR-27b expression levels were independently associated with active smoking. Considering the metabolic and/or inflammatory abnormalities induced by cigarette smoking, miR-27b was independently associated with the presence of PAD and downregulated in patients with more extensive PAD. In conclusion, the atheroprotective miR-27b was downregulated in active smokers, but not in prior smokers, and miR-27b expression was independently associated with the presence of PAD. These unreported data suggest that the proatherogenic properties of cigarette smoking are mediated by a downregulation of miR-27b, which may be attenuated by smoking cessation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tiago Pereira-da-Silva
- Department of Cardiology, Hospital de Santa Marta, Centro Hospitalar Universitário de Lisboa Central, 1169-024 Lisbon, Portugal; (M.S.); (F.S.); (R.C.F.)
- NOVA Doctoral School, NOVA Medical School|Faculdade de Ciências Médicas, Universidade NOVA de Lisboa, 1169-056 Lisbon, Portugal
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +351-919908505
| | - Patrícia Napoleão
- Instituto de Medicina Molecular João Lobo Antunes, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Lisboa, 1649-028 Lisbon, Portugal; (P.N.); (M.C.C.); (A.F.G.); (F.J.E.)
| | - Marina C. Costa
- Instituto de Medicina Molecular João Lobo Antunes, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Lisboa, 1649-028 Lisbon, Portugal; (P.N.); (M.C.C.); (A.F.G.); (F.J.E.)
- Cardiomics Unit, Centro Cardiovascular da Universidade de Lisboa, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Lisboa, 1649-028 Lisbon, Portugal
| | - André F. Gabriel
- Instituto de Medicina Molecular João Lobo Antunes, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Lisboa, 1649-028 Lisbon, Portugal; (P.N.); (M.C.C.); (A.F.G.); (F.J.E.)
- Cardiomics Unit, Centro Cardiovascular da Universidade de Lisboa, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Lisboa, 1649-028 Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Mafalda Selas
- Department of Cardiology, Hospital de Santa Marta, Centro Hospitalar Universitário de Lisboa Central, 1169-024 Lisbon, Portugal; (M.S.); (F.S.); (R.C.F.)
| | - Filipa Silva
- Department of Cardiology, Hospital de Santa Marta, Centro Hospitalar Universitário de Lisboa Central, 1169-024 Lisbon, Portugal; (M.S.); (F.S.); (R.C.F.)
| | - Francisco J. Enguita
- Instituto de Medicina Molecular João Lobo Antunes, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Lisboa, 1649-028 Lisbon, Portugal; (P.N.); (M.C.C.); (A.F.G.); (F.J.E.)
- Cardiomics Unit, Centro Cardiovascular da Universidade de Lisboa, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Lisboa, 1649-028 Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Rui Cruz Ferreira
- Department of Cardiology, Hospital de Santa Marta, Centro Hospitalar Universitário de Lisboa Central, 1169-024 Lisbon, Portugal; (M.S.); (F.S.); (R.C.F.)
| | - Miguel Mota Carmo
- Chronic Diseases Research Center (CEDOC), NOVA Medical School, Faculdade de Ciências Médicas, Universidade NOVA de Lisboa, 1150-082 Lisbon, Portugal;
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16
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Pereira-da-Silva T, Napoleão P, Costa MC, Gabriel AF, Selas M, Silva F, Enguita FJ, Ferreira RC, Carmo MM. Circulating miRNAs Are Associated with the Systemic Extent of Atherosclerosis: Novel Observations for miR-27b and miR-146. Diagnostics (Basel) 2021; 11:diagnostics11020318. [PMID: 33669374 PMCID: PMC7920287 DOI: 10.3390/diagnostics11020318] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2021] [Revised: 02/01/2021] [Accepted: 02/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The mechanisms that regulate the systemic extent of atherosclerosis are not fully understood. We investigated whether the expression of circulating miRNAs is associated with the extent of stable atherosclerosis to a single territory or multiple territories (polyvascular) and with the severity of atherosclerosis in each territory. Ninety-four participants were prospectively recruited and divided into five age- and sex-matched groups: presenting no atherosclerosis, isolated coronary atherosclerosis, coronary and lower extremity atherosclerosis, coronary and carotid atherosclerosis, and atherosclerosis of the coronary, lower extremity, and carotid territories. The expression of six circulating miRNAs with distinct biological roles was assessed. The expression of miR-27b and miR-146 differed across groups (p < 0.05), showing a decrease in the presence of atherosclerosis, particularly in the three territories. miR-27b and miR-146 expression decreased in association with a higher severity of coronary, lower extremity, and carotid atherosclerosis. Polyvascular atherosclerosis involving the three territories was independently associated with a decreased miR-27b and miR-146 expression. Both miRNAs presented an area under the curve of ≥0.75 for predicting polyvascular atherosclerosis involving the three territories. To conclude, miR-27b and miR-146 were associated with the presence of severe polyvascular atherosclerosis and with the atherosclerosis severity in each territory. Both are potential biomarkers of severe systemic atherosclerosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tiago Pereira-da-Silva
- Department of Cardiology, Hospital de Santa Marta, Centro Hospitalar Universitário de Lisboa Central, 1169-024 Lisbon, Portugal; (M.S.); (F.S.); (R.C.F.)
- NOVA Medical School, Faculdade de Ciências Médicas, Universidade NOVA de Lisboa, 1169-056 Lisbon, Portugal
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +351-919-908-505
| | - Patrícia Napoleão
- Instituto de Medicina Molecular João Lobo Antunes, Universidade de Lisboa, 1649-028 Lisbon, Portugal; (P.N.); (M.C.C.); (A.F.G.); (F.J.E.)
| | - Marina C. Costa
- Instituto de Medicina Molecular João Lobo Antunes, Universidade de Lisboa, 1649-028 Lisbon, Portugal; (P.N.); (M.C.C.); (A.F.G.); (F.J.E.)
- Cardiomics Unit, Centro Cardiovascular da Universidade de Lisboa, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Lisboa, 1649-028 Lisbon, Portugal
| | - André F. Gabriel
- Instituto de Medicina Molecular João Lobo Antunes, Universidade de Lisboa, 1649-028 Lisbon, Portugal; (P.N.); (M.C.C.); (A.F.G.); (F.J.E.)
- Cardiomics Unit, Centro Cardiovascular da Universidade de Lisboa, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Lisboa, 1649-028 Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Mafalda Selas
- Department of Cardiology, Hospital de Santa Marta, Centro Hospitalar Universitário de Lisboa Central, 1169-024 Lisbon, Portugal; (M.S.); (F.S.); (R.C.F.)
| | - Filipa Silva
- Department of Cardiology, Hospital de Santa Marta, Centro Hospitalar Universitário de Lisboa Central, 1169-024 Lisbon, Portugal; (M.S.); (F.S.); (R.C.F.)
| | - Francisco J. Enguita
- Instituto de Medicina Molecular João Lobo Antunes, Universidade de Lisboa, 1649-028 Lisbon, Portugal; (P.N.); (M.C.C.); (A.F.G.); (F.J.E.)
- Cardiomics Unit, Centro Cardiovascular da Universidade de Lisboa, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Lisboa, 1649-028 Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Rui Cruz Ferreira
- Department of Cardiology, Hospital de Santa Marta, Centro Hospitalar Universitário de Lisboa Central, 1169-024 Lisbon, Portugal; (M.S.); (F.S.); (R.C.F.)
| | - Miguel Mota Carmo
- Chronic Diseases Research Center (CEDOC), NOVA Medical School, Faculdade de Ciências Médicas, Universidade NOVA de Lisboa, 1150-082 Lisbon, Portugal;
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17
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Citrin KM, Fernández-Hernando C, Suárez Y. MicroRNA regulation of cholesterol metabolism. Ann N Y Acad Sci 2021; 1495:55-77. [PMID: 33521946 DOI: 10.1111/nyas.14566] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2020] [Revised: 12/27/2020] [Accepted: 01/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
MicroRNAs are small noncoding RNAs that regulate gene expression at the posttranscriptional level. Since many microRNAs have multiple mRNA targets, they are uniquely positioned to regulate the expression of several molecules and pathways simultaneously. For example, the multiple stages of cholesterol metabolism are heavily influenced by microRNA activity. Understanding the scope of microRNAs that control this pathway is highly relevant to diseases of perturbed cholesterol metabolism, most notably cardiovascular disease (CVD). Atherosclerosis is a common cause of CVD that involves inflammation and the accumulation of cholesterol-laden cells in the arterial wall. However, several different cell types participate in atherosclerosis, and perturbations in cholesterol homeostasis may have unique effects on the specialized functions of these various cell types. Therefore, our review discusses the current knowledge of microRNA-mediated control of cholesterol homeostasis, followed by speculation as to how these microRNA-mRNA target interactions might have distinctive effects on different cell types that participate in atherosclerosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kathryn M Citrin
- Department of Comparative Medicine and Department of Pathology, Integrative Cell Signaling and Neurobiology of Metabolism Program, and the Vascular Biology and Therapeutics Program, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut.,Department of Cellular and Molecular Physiology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut
| | - Carlos Fernández-Hernando
- Department of Comparative Medicine and Department of Pathology, Integrative Cell Signaling and Neurobiology of Metabolism Program, and the Vascular Biology and Therapeutics Program, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut
| | - Yajaira Suárez
- Department of Comparative Medicine and Department of Pathology, Integrative Cell Signaling and Neurobiology of Metabolism Program, and the Vascular Biology and Therapeutics Program, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut
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18
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Dong J, He M, Li J, Pessentheiner A, Wang C, Zhang J, Sun Y, Wang WT, Zhang Y, Liu J, Wang SC, Huang PH, Gordts PL, Yuan ZY, Tsimikas S, Shyy JY. microRNA-483 ameliorates hypercholesterolemia by inhibiting PCSK9 production. JCI Insight 2020; 5:143812. [PMID: 33119548 PMCID: PMC7714402 DOI: 10.1172/jci.insight.143812] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2020] [Accepted: 10/21/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 9 (PCSK9) affects cholesterol homeostasis by targeting hepatic LDL receptor (LDLR) for lysosomal degradation. Clinically, PCSK9 inhibitors effectively reduce LDL-cholesterol (LDL-C) levels and the incidence of cardiovascular events. Because microRNAs (miRs) are integral regulators of cholesterol homeostasis, we investigated the involvement of miR-483 in regulating LDL-C metabolism. Using in silico analysis, we predicted that miR-483-5p targets the 3′-UTR of PCSK9 mRNA. In HepG2 cells, miR-483-5p targeted the PCSK9 3′-UTR, leading to decreased PCSK9 protein and mRNA expression, increased LDLR expression, and enhanced LDL-C uptake. In hyperlipidemic mice and humans, serum levels of total cholesterol and LDL-C were inversely correlated with miR-483-5p levels. In mice, hepatic miR-483 overexpression increased LDLR levels by targeting Pcsk9, with a significant reduction in plasma total cholesterol and LDL-C levels. Mechanistically, the cholesterol-lowering effect of miR-483-5p was significant in mice receiving AAV8 PCSK9-3′-UTR but not Ldlr-knockout mice or mice receiving AAV8 PCSK9-3′-UTR (ΔBS) with the miR-483-5p targeting site deleted. Thus, exogenously administered miR-483 or similarly optimized compounds have potential to ameliorate hypercholesterolemia. MicroRNA-483 targeting 3’ untranslated region of PCSK9 mRNA inhibits hepatic PCSK9 expression, resulting in increased LDLR expression and LDL uptake, which ameliorates hypercholesterolemia and atherosclerosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianjie Dong
- Department of Cardiology, First Affiliated Hospital, and.,Cardiovascular Research Center, School of Basic Medical Sciences, First Affiliated Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China.,Division of Cardiology and
| | | | - Jie Li
- Cardiovascular Research Center, School of Basic Medical Sciences, First Affiliated Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Ariane Pessentheiner
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California, USA
| | - Chen Wang
- Cardiovascular Research Center, School of Basic Medical Sciences, First Affiliated Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Jin Zhang
- Cardiovascular Research Center, School of Basic Medical Sciences, First Affiliated Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | | | | | | | - Junhui Liu
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, First Affiliated Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Shen-Chih Wang
- Department of Anesthesiology.,Cardiovascular Research Center
| | - Po-Hsun Huang
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, and.,Institute of Clinical Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Philip Lsm Gordts
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California, USA
| | - Zu-Yi Yuan
- Department of Cardiology, First Affiliated Hospital, and
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19
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Rafiei A, Ferns GA, Ahmadi R, Khaledifar A, Rahimzadeh-Fallah T, Mohmmad-Rezaei M, Emami S, Bagheri N. Expression levels of miR-27a, miR-329, ABCA1, and ABCG1 genes in peripheral blood mononuclear cells and their correlation with serum levels of oxidative stress and hs-CRP in the patients with coronary artery disease. IUBMB Life 2020; 73:223-237. [PMID: 33263223 DOI: 10.1002/iub.2421] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2020] [Revised: 10/27/2020] [Accepted: 11/19/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Atherosclerosis is a chronic inflammatory disease with high mortality worldwide. The reverse cholesterol transport pathway in macrophage plays an important role in the pathogenesis of coronary artery disease (CAD) and is strongly controlled by regulatory factors. The microRNAs can promote or prevent the formation of atherosclerotic lesions by post-transcriptional regulation of vital genes in this pathway. Therefore, this study was conducted to investigate the relationship between the expression levels of miR-27a, miR-329, ABCA1, and ABCG1 genes and serum levels of hs-CRP, ox-LDL, and indices of oxidative stress in the patients with established CAD and controls. A total of 84 subjects (42 patients with CAD and 42 controls) were included in this study. Expression levels of miR-27a-3p, miR-329-3p, ABCA1, and ABCG1 genes in the peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) and serum concentration of hs-CRP and ox-LDL were measured by real time-PCR and ELISA, respectively. Also, oxidative stress parameters in the serum were evaluated by ferric-reducing antioxidant power (FRAP) and malondialdehyde (MDA) assays. ABCA1 and ABCG1 gene expression in PBMC and serum concentration of FRAP were significantly lower in the CAD group compared to the control group. Expression levels of miR-27a and miR-329 and serum levels of hs-CRP, ox-LDL, and MDA were significantly higher in the CAD group compared to the control group. Serum levels of hs-CRP, ox-LDL, and expression level of miR-27a have inversely related to ABCA1 and ABCG1 gene expression in all the subjects. An increase in the expression levels of miR-27a and miR-329 may lead to the progression of atherosclerosis plaque by downregulating the expression of ABCA1 and ABCG1 genes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ali Rafiei
- Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Basic Health Sciences Institute, Shahrekord University of Medical Sciences, Shahrekord, Iran
| | - Gordon A Ferns
- Division of Medical Education, Brighton & Sussex Medical School, Brighton, UK
| | - Reza Ahmadi
- Clinical Biochemistry Research Center, Basic Health Sciences Institute, Shahrekord University of Medical Sciences, Shahrekord, Iran
| | - Arsalan Khaledifar
- Department of Cardiology, School of Medicine, Shahrekord University of Medical Sciences, Shahrekord, Iran
| | - Tina Rahimzadeh-Fallah
- Medical Biotechnology Research Center, School of Paramedicine, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, Iran
| | - Mina Mohmmad-Rezaei
- Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Basic Health Sciences Institute, Shahrekord University of Medical Sciences, Shahrekord, Iran
| | - Shohreh Emami
- Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Basic Health Sciences Institute, Shahrekord University of Medical Sciences, Shahrekord, Iran
| | - Nader Bagheri
- Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Basic Health Sciences Institute, Shahrekord University of Medical Sciences, Shahrekord, Iran
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20
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Lee LK, Medzikovic L, Eghbali M, Eltzschig HK, Yuan X. The Role of MicroRNAs in Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome and Sepsis, From Targets to Therapies: A Narrative Review. Anesth Analg 2020; 131:1471-1484. [PMID: 33079870 PMCID: PMC8532045 DOI: 10.1213/ane.0000000000005146] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) is a significant cause of morbidity and mortality in the intensive care unit (ICU) and is characterized by lung epithelial and endothelial cell injury, with increased permeability of the alveolar-capillary membrane, leading to pulmonary edema, severe hypoxia, and difficulty with ventilation. The most common cause of ARDS is sepsis, and currently, treatment of ARDS and sepsis has consisted mostly of supportive care because targeted therapies have largely been unsuccessful. The molecular mechanisms behind ARDS remain elusive. Recently, a number of microRNAs (miRNAs) identified through high-throughput screening studies in ARDS patients and preclinical animal models have suggested a role for miRNA in the pathophysiology of ARDS. miRNAs are small noncoding RNAs ranging from 18 to 24 nucleotides that regulate gene expression via inhibition of the target mRNA translation or by targeting complementary mRNA for early degradation. Unsurprisingly, some miRNAs that are differentially expressed in ARDS overlap with those important in sepsis. In addition, circulatory miRNA may be useful as biomarkers or as targets for pharmacologic therapy. This can be revolutionary in a syndrome that has neither a measurable indicator of the disease nor a targeted therapy. While there are currently no miRNA-based therapies targeted for ARDS, therapies targeting miRNA have reached phase II clinical trials for the treatment of a wide range of diseases. Further studies may yield a unique miRNA profile pattern that serves as a biomarker or as targets for miRNA-based pharmacologic therapy. In this review, we discuss miRNAs that have been found to play a role in ARDS and sepsis, the potential mechanism of how particular miRNAs may contribute to the pathophysiology of ARDS, and strategies for pharmacologically targeting miRNA as therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lisa K. Lee
- Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine at University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California
| | - Lejla Medzikovic
- Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine at University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California
| | - Mansoureh Eghbali
- Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine at University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California
| | - Holger K. Eltzschig
- Department of Anesthesiology, The University of Texas Health Science Center, McGovern Medical School, Houston, Texas
| | - Xiaoyi Yuan
- Department of Anesthesiology, The University of Texas Health Science Center, McGovern Medical School, Houston, Texas
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21
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Babaee M, Chamani E, Ahmadi R, Bahreini E, Balouchnejadmojarad T, Nahrkhalaji AS, Fallah S. The expression levels of miRNAs- 27a and 23a in the peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) and their correlation with FOXO1 and some inflammatory and anti-inflammatory cytokines in the patients with coronary artery disease (CAD). Life Sci 2020; 256:117898. [DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2020.117898] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2019] [Revised: 05/24/2020] [Accepted: 05/31/2020] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
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22
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Mussbacher M, Krammer TL, Heber S, Schrottmaier WC, Zeibig S, Holthoff HP, Pereyra D, Starlinger P, Hackl M, Assinger A. Impact of Anticoagulation and Sample Processing on the Quantification of Human Blood-Derived microRNA Signatures. Cells 2020; 9:cells9081915. [PMID: 32824700 PMCID: PMC7464075 DOI: 10.3390/cells9081915] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2020] [Revised: 08/08/2020] [Accepted: 08/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Blood-derived microRNA signatures have emerged as powerful biomarkers for predicting and diagnosing cardiovascular disease, cancer, and metabolic disorders. Platelets and platelet-derived microvesicles are a major source of microRNAs. We have previously shown that the inappropriate anticoagulation and storage of blood samples causes substantial platelet activation that is associated with the release of platelet-stored molecules into the plasma. However, it is currently unclear if circulating microRNA levels are affected by artificial platelet activation due to suboptimal plasma preparation. To address this issue, we used a standardized RT-qPCR test for 12 microRNAs (thrombomiR®, TAmiRNA GmbH, Vienna, Austria) that have been associated with cardiovascular and thrombotic diseases and were detected in platelets and/other hematopoietic cells. Blood was prevented from coagulating with citrate–theophylline–adenosine–dipyridamole (CTAD), sodium citrate, or ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA) and stored for different time periods either at room temperature or at 4 °C prior to plasma preparation and the subsequent quantification of microRNAs. We found that five microRNAs (miR-191-5p, miR-320a, miR-21-5p, miR-23a-3p, and miR-451a) were significantly increased in the EDTA plasma. Moreover, we observed a time-dependent increase in plasma microRNAs that was most pronounced in the EDTA blood stored at room temperature for 24 h. Furthermore, significant correlations between microRNA levels and plasma concentrations of platelet-stored molecules pointed towards in vitro platelet activation. Therefore, we strongly recommend to (i) use CTAD as an anticoagulant, (ii) process blood samples as quickly as possible, and (iii) store blood samples at 4 °C whenever immediate plasma preparation is not feasible to generate reliable data on blood-derived microRNA signatures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marion Mussbacher
- Department of Vascular Biology and Thrombosis Research, Center of Physiology and Pharmacology, Medical University, Schwarzspanierstrasse 17, 1090 Vienna, Austria; (M.M.); (W.C.S.); (D.P.)
| | - Teresa L. Krammer
- TAmiRNA GmbH, Leberstrasse 20, 1110 Vienna, Austria; (T.L.K.); (M.H.)
| | - Stefan Heber
- Department of Physiology, Center of Physiology and Pharmacology, Medical University, Schwarzspanierstrasse 17, 1090 Vienna, Austria;
| | - Waltraud C. Schrottmaier
- Department of Vascular Biology and Thrombosis Research, Center of Physiology and Pharmacology, Medical University, Schwarzspanierstrasse 17, 1090 Vienna, Austria; (M.M.); (W.C.S.); (D.P.)
| | - Stephan Zeibig
- AdvanceCor GmbH, Fraunhoferstraße 9A, 82152 Planegg, Germany; (S.Z.); (H.-P.H.)
| | - Hans-Peter Holthoff
- AdvanceCor GmbH, Fraunhoferstraße 9A, 82152 Planegg, Germany; (S.Z.); (H.-P.H.)
| | - David Pereyra
- Department of Vascular Biology and Thrombosis Research, Center of Physiology and Pharmacology, Medical University, Schwarzspanierstrasse 17, 1090 Vienna, Austria; (M.M.); (W.C.S.); (D.P.)
- Department of Surgery, Medical University of Vienna, General Hospital, Spitalgasse 23, 1090 Vienna, Austria;
| | - Patrick Starlinger
- Department of Surgery, Medical University of Vienna, General Hospital, Spitalgasse 23, 1090 Vienna, Austria;
| | - Matthias Hackl
- TAmiRNA GmbH, Leberstrasse 20, 1110 Vienna, Austria; (T.L.K.); (M.H.)
| | - Alice Assinger
- Department of Vascular Biology and Thrombosis Research, Center of Physiology and Pharmacology, Medical University, Schwarzspanierstrasse 17, 1090 Vienna, Austria; (M.M.); (W.C.S.); (D.P.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +43-1-401-603-1405
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Non-coding RNA regulators of diabetic polyneuropathy. Neurosci Lett 2020; 731:135058. [PMID: 32454150 DOI: 10.1016/j.neulet.2020.135058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2020] [Revised: 05/14/2020] [Accepted: 05/15/2020] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Diabetic polyneuropathy is a common and disturbing complication of diabetes mellitus, presenting patients and caregivers with a substantial disease burden. Emerging mechanisms which are underlying diabetes may provide novel pathways to understand diabetic polyneuropathy (DPN). Specifically, non-coding RNA molecules consisting of microRNAs (miRNAs) and long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) are implicated in the biological processes underlying DPN, and may link it to clinical spheres such as other metabolic and neural pathologies. Here, we elaborate on several candidate non-coding RNAs which may be associated with DPN via regulatory roles governing phenomena related to inflammatory, pain-provoking, and metabolic syndrome pathways. Specific examples include miRNAs such as miR-106a, -146a, -9, -29b, -466a, and -98; likewise, lncRNAs MIAT, PVT1, H19, MEG3, and MALAT1 are implicated, often co-affecting the involved pathways. Incorporating newly discovered regulators into what we know about specific clinical applications may highlight novel avenues for diagnosis, prevention, and intervention with DPN.
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MicroRNA 27a Is a Key Modulator of Cholesterol Biosynthesis. Mol Cell Biol 2020; 40:MCB.00470-19. [PMID: 32071155 DOI: 10.1128/mcb.00470-19] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2019] [Accepted: 02/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Hypercholesterolemia is a strong predictor of cardiovascular diseases. The 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl coenzyme A reductase gene (Hmgcr) coding for the rate-limiting enzyme in the cholesterol biosynthesis pathway is a crucial regulator of plasma cholesterol levels. However, the posttranscriptional regulation of Hmgcr remains poorly understood. The main objective of this study was to explore the role of microRNAs (miRNAs) in the regulation of Hmgcr expression. Systematic in silico predictions and experimental analyses reveal that miRNA 27a (miR-27a) specifically interacts with the Hmgcr 3' untranslated region in murine and human hepatocytes. Moreover, our data show that Hmgcr expression is inversely correlated with miR-27a levels in various cultured cell lines and in human and rodent tissues. Actinomycin D chase assays and relevant experiments demonstrate that miR-27a regulates Hmgcr by translational attenuation followed by mRNA degradation. Early growth response 1 (Egr1) regulates miR-27a expression under basal and cholesterol-modulated conditions. miR-27a augmentation via tail vein injection of miR-27a mimic in high-cholesterol-diet-fed Apoe -/- mice shows downregulation of hepatic Hmgcr and plasma cholesterol levels. Pathway and gene expression analyses show that miR-27a also targets several other genes (apart from Hmgcr) in the cholesterol biosynthesis pathway. Taken together, miR-27a emerges as a key regulator of cholesterol biosynthesis and has therapeutic potential for the clinical management of hypercholesterolemia.
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Role of microRNAs in the Development of Cardiovascular Disease in Systemic Autoimmune Disorders. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21062012. [PMID: 32188016 PMCID: PMC7139533 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21062012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2020] [Revised: 03/11/2020] [Accepted: 03/12/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Rheumatoid Arthritis (RA), Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) and antiphospholipid syndrome (APS) are the systemic autoimmune diseases (SADs) most associated with an increased risk of developing cardiovascular (CV) events. Cardiovascular disease (CVD) in SADs results from a complex interaction between traditional CV-risk factors, immune deregulation and disease activity. Oxidative stress, dyslipidemia, endothelial dysfunction, inflammatory/prothrombotic mediators (cytokines/chemokines, adipokines, proteases, adhesion-receptors, NETosis-derived-products, and intracellular-signaling molecules) have been implicated in these vascular pathologies. Genetic and genomic analyses further allowed the identification of signatures explaining the pro-atherothrombotic profiles in RA, SLE and APS. However, gene modulation has left significant gaps in our understanding of CV co-morbidities in SADs. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are emerging as key post-transcriptional regulators of a suite of signaling pathways and pathophysiological effects. Abnormalities in high number of miRNA and their associated functions have been described in several SADs, suggesting their involvement in the development of atherosclerosis and thrombosis in the setting of RA, SLE and APS. This review focusses on recent insights into the potential role of miRNAs both, as clinical biomarkers of atherosclerosis and thrombosis in SADs, and as therapeutic targets in the regulation of the most influential processes that govern those disorders, highlighting the potential diagnostic and therapeutic properties of miRNAs in the management of CVD.
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Shoeibi S. Diagnostic and theranostic microRNAs in the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis. Acta Physiol (Oxf) 2020; 228:e13353. [PMID: 31344321 DOI: 10.1111/apha.13353] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2019] [Revised: 07/22/2019] [Accepted: 07/23/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are a group of small single strand and noncoding RNAs that regulate several physiological and molecular signalling pathways. Alterations of miRNA expression profiles may be involved with pathophysiological processes underlying the development of atherosclerosis and cardiovascular diseases, including changes in the functions of the endothelial cells and vascular smooth muscle cells, such as cell proliferation, migration and inflammation, which are involved in angiogenesis, macrophage function and foam cell formation. Thus, miRNAs can be considered to have a crucial role in the progression, modulation and regulation of every stage of atherosclerosis. Such potential biomarkers will enable us to predict therapeutic response and prognosis of cardiovascular diseases and adopt effective preclinical and clinical treatment strategies. In the present review article, the current data regarding the role of miRNAs in atherosclerosis were summarized and the potential miRNAs as prognostic, diagnostic and theranostic biomarkers in preclinical and clinical studies were further discussed. The highlights of this review are expected to present opportunities for future research of clinical therapeutic approaches in vascular diseases resulting from atherosclerosis with an emphasis on miRNAs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara Shoeibi
- Atherosclerosis Research Center Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences Ahvaz Iran
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Solly EL, Dimasi CG, Bursill CA, Psaltis PJ, Tan JTM. MicroRNAs as Therapeutic Targets and Clinical Biomarkers in Atherosclerosis. J Clin Med 2019; 8:E2199. [PMID: 31847094 PMCID: PMC6947565 DOI: 10.3390/jcm8122199] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2019] [Accepted: 12/11/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease remains the leading cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide. Atherosclerosis develops over several decades and is mediated by a complex interplay of cellular mechanisms that drive a chronic inflammatory milieu and cell-to-cell interactions between endothelial cells, smooth muscle cells and macrophages that promote plaque development and progression. While there has been significant therapeutic advancement, there remains a gap where novel therapeutic approaches can complement current therapies to provide a holistic approach for treating atherosclerosis to orchestrate the regulation of complex signalling networks across multiple cell types and different stages of disease progression. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are emerging as important post-transcriptional regulators of a suite of molecular signalling pathways and pathophysiological cellular effects. Furthermore, circulating miRNAs have emerged as a new class of disease biomarkers to better inform clinical diagnosis and provide new avenues for personalised therapies. This review focusses on recent insights into the potential role of miRNAs both as therapeutic targets in the regulation of the most influential processes that govern atherosclerosis and as clinical biomarkers that may be reflective of disease severity, highlighting the potential theranostic (therapeutic and diagnostic) properties of miRNAs in the management of cardiovascular disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emma L. Solly
- Vascular Research Centre, Heart and Vascular Health Program, Lifelong Health Theme, South Australian Health and Medical Research Institute, Adelaide SA 5000, Australia; (E.L.S.); (C.G.D.); (C.A.B.); (P.J.P.)
- Adelaide Medical School, University of Adelaide, Adelaide SA 5005, Australia
| | - Catherine G. Dimasi
- Vascular Research Centre, Heart and Vascular Health Program, Lifelong Health Theme, South Australian Health and Medical Research Institute, Adelaide SA 5000, Australia; (E.L.S.); (C.G.D.); (C.A.B.); (P.J.P.)
| | - Christina A. Bursill
- Vascular Research Centre, Heart and Vascular Health Program, Lifelong Health Theme, South Australian Health and Medical Research Institute, Adelaide SA 5000, Australia; (E.L.S.); (C.G.D.); (C.A.B.); (P.J.P.)
- Adelaide Medical School, University of Adelaide, Adelaide SA 5005, Australia
| | - Peter J. Psaltis
- Vascular Research Centre, Heart and Vascular Health Program, Lifelong Health Theme, South Australian Health and Medical Research Institute, Adelaide SA 5000, Australia; (E.L.S.); (C.G.D.); (C.A.B.); (P.J.P.)
- Adelaide Medical School, University of Adelaide, Adelaide SA 5005, Australia
| | - Joanne T. M. Tan
- Vascular Research Centre, Heart and Vascular Health Program, Lifelong Health Theme, South Australian Health and Medical Research Institute, Adelaide SA 5000, Australia; (E.L.S.); (C.G.D.); (C.A.B.); (P.J.P.)
- Adelaide Medical School, University of Adelaide, Adelaide SA 5005, Australia
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MicroRNAs as the actors in the atherosclerosis scenario. J Physiol Biochem 2019; 76:1-12. [PMID: 31808077 DOI: 10.1007/s13105-019-00710-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2019] [Accepted: 10/21/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Atherosclerosis is considered as the most common cardiovascular disease and a leading cause of global mortality, which develops through consecutive steps. Various cellular and molecular biomarkers such as microRNAs are identified to be involved in atherosclerosis progression. MicroRNAs are a group of endogenous, short, non-coding RNAs, which are able to bind to specific sequences on target messenger RNAs and thereby modulate gene expression post-transcriptionally. MicroRNAs are key players in wide range of biological processes; thus, their expression level is regulated in pathophysiological conditions. Ample evidences including in vitro and in vivo studies approved a critical role of microRNAs in epigenetic and the sequential processes of atherosclerosis from risk factors to plaque formation, progression, and rupture. Based on these findings, miRNAs seems to be promising candidates for therapeutic approach. This review summarizes the role of miRNAs in atherosclerosis development, epigenetic, and therapy. Moreover, the application of exosomes in miRNA delivery, and/or their prognostic and diagnostic values are also discussed.
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LOX-1, the Common Therapeutic Target in Hypercholesterolemia: A New Perspective of Antiatherosclerotic Action of Aegeline. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2019; 2019:8285730. [PMID: 31885819 PMCID: PMC6914969 DOI: 10.1155/2019/8285730] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2019] [Revised: 09/25/2019] [Accepted: 10/05/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Background Lectin-like oxidized low-density lipoprotein receptor-1 (LOX-1) is the major receptor for oxidized low-density lipoprotein (Ox-LDL) in the aorta of aged rats. Ox-LDL initiates LOX-1 activation in the endothelium of lipid-accumulating sites of both animal and human subjects of hypercholesterolemia. Targeting LOX-1 may provide a novel diagnostic strategy towards hypercholesterolemia and vascular diseases. Hypothesis This study was planned to address whether aegeline (AG) could bind to LOX-1 with a higher affinity and modulate the uptake of Ox-LDL in hypercholesterolemia. Study Design Thirty-six Wistar rats were divided into six groups. The pathology group rats were fed with high-cholesterol diet (HCD) for 45 days, and the treatment group rats were fed with HCD and aegeline/atorvastatin (AV) for the last 30 days. In vivo and in vitro experiments were carried out to assay the markers of atherosclerosis like Ox-LDL and LOX-1 levels. Histopathological examination was performed. Oil Red O staining was carried out in the IC-21 cell line. Docking studies were performed. Results AG administration effectively brought down the lipid levels induced by HCD. The lowered levels of Ox-LDL and LOX-1 in AG-administered rats deem it to be a potent antihypercholesterolemic agent. Compared to AV, AG had a pronounced effect in downregulating the expression of lipids evidenced by Oil Red O staining. AG binds with LOX-1 at a higher affinity validated by docking. Conclusion This study validates AG to be an effective stratagem in bringing down the lipid stress induced by HCD and can be deemed as an antihypercholesterolemic agent.
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Li J, Li P, Zhao Y, Ma X, He R, Liang K, Zhang E. Retracted Article: MicroRNA-135a alleviates lipid accumulation and inflammation of atherosclerosis through targeting lipoprotein lipase. RSC Adv 2019; 9:28213-28221. [PMID: 35530477 PMCID: PMC9071038 DOI: 10.1039/c9ra05176g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2019] [Accepted: 09/02/2019] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) have recently attracted increasing attention for their involvement in atherosclerosis (AS). The purpose of this study was to further explore the function and underlying mechanism of miR-135a in AS progression. The expression levels of miR-135a and lipoprotein lipase (LPL) mRNA were detected by qRT-PCR, and LPL protein expression was measured by western blotting. The levels of blood lipids and inflammatory cytokines, and LPL activity were assessed using corresponding Assay Kits, and an HPLC assay was used to determine the levels of free cholesterol (FC), total cholesterol (TC) and cholesterol ester (CE). A Dil-oxLDL binding assay was performed to evaluate the ability of cholesterol uptake. The direct interaction between miR-135a and LPL was confirmed by a dual-luciferase reporter assay and RNA immunoprecipitation assay. Our data indicated that miR-135a was downregulated in serum samples of AS patients and mice. Upregulation of miR-135a alleviated lipid metabolic disorders and inflammation in AS mice. Moreover, miR-135a negatively regulated lipid accumulation and inflammation in ox-LDL-treated THP-1 macrophages. Mechanistically, miR-135a directly targeted LPL and repressed LPL expression. LPL mediated the regulatory effect of miR-135a on lipid accumulation and inflammation in ox-LDL-treated THP-1 macrophages. In conclusion, our study indicated that miR-135a upregulation ameliorated lipid accumulation and inflammation at least partly by targeting LPL in THP-1 macrophages, highlighting miR-135a as a potential antiatherogenic agent. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) have recently attracted increasing attention for their involvement in atherosclerosis (AS).![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan Li
- Department of Cardiology
- Huaihe Hospital of Henan University
- Kaifeng
- China
| | - Peng Li
- Department of Cardiology
- Huaihe Hospital of Henan University
- Kaifeng
- China
| | - Yanzhuo Zhao
- Department of Cardiology
- Huaihe Hospital of Henan University
- Kaifeng
- China
| | - Xiang Ma
- Department of Cardiology
- Huaihe Hospital of Henan University
- Kaifeng
- China
| | - Ruili He
- Department of Cardiology
- Huaihe Hospital of Henan University
- Kaifeng
- China
| | - Ketai Liang
- Department of Cardiology
- Huaihe Hospital of Henan University
- Kaifeng
- China
| | - Erwei Zhang
- Department of Cardiology
- Huaihe Hospital of Henan University
- Kaifeng
- China
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Nobiletin reduces LPL-mediated lipid accumulation and pro-inflammatory cytokine secretion through upregulation of miR-590 expression. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2019; 508:97-101. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2018.11.075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2018] [Accepted: 11/13/2018] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
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Abnormally expressed miR-23b in Chinese Mongolian at high cardiovascular risk may contribute to monocyte/macrophage inflammatory reaction in atherosclerosis. Biosci Rep 2018; 38:BSR20180673. [PMID: 30314997 PMCID: PMC6240720 DOI: 10.1042/bsr20180673] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2018] [Revised: 09/14/2018] [Accepted: 10/04/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: The prevalence of coronary heart disease (CHD) appears to be high among Chinese Mongolians. MiR-23b has been proven to play a key role in atherosclerosis. The expression and role of miR-23b in the Mongolians at high cardiovascular risk were explored in the present study. Methods: Forty cases of blood samples from the Mongolians at high cardiovascular risk were enrolled in the present study. The expression of miR-23b was quantified by quantitative real-time PCR. To induce monocytes differentiation into macrophages, HP-1 cells were cultured with phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate. The level of inflammatory markers was determined by the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. The interaction between miR-23b and A20 was explored by the dual luciferase reporter assay. Results: The expression of miR-23b in the Mongolian at high cardiovascular risk was higher than that in healthy Mongolian volunteers. Decrease in ATP-binding cassette transporter A1 caused by miR-23b is responsible for TC accumulation in the Mongolian at high cardiovascular risk. MiR-23b enhanced the oxidized low-density lipoprotein (oxLDL)-induced inflammatory response of THP-1 derived macrophage. MiR-23b regulated nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) pathway through targeting A20. MiR-23b mediated oxLDL-induced inflammatory response of peripheral blood mononuclear cell in the Mongolian at high cardiovascular risk. Conclusion MiR-23b enhanced oxLDL-induced inflammatory response of macrophages in the Mongolian at high cardiovascular risk through the A20/NF-κB signaling pathway, and thus contributing to atherosclerosis.
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Obesity-associated exosomal miRNAs modulate glucose and lipid metabolism in mice. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2018; 115:12158-12163. [PMID: 30429322 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1808855115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 238] [Impact Index Per Article: 39.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Obesity is frequently associated with metabolic disease. Here, we show that obesity changes the miRNA profile of plasma exosomes in mice, including increases in miR-122, miR-192, miR-27a-3p, and miR-27b-3p Importantly, treatment of lean mice with exosomes isolated from obese mice induces glucose intolerance and insulin resistance. Moreover, administration of control exosomes transfected with obesity-associated miRNA mimics strongly induces glucose intolerance in lean mice and results in central obesity and hepatic steatosis. Expression of the candidate target gene Ppara is decreased in white adipose tissue but not in the liver of mimic-treated (MIMIC) mice, and this is accompanied by increased circulating free fatty acids and hypertriglyceridemia. Treatment with a specific siRNA targeting Ppara transfected into exosomes recapitulates the phenotype induced by obesity-associated miRNAs. Importantly, simultaneously reducing free fatty acid plasma levels in MIMIC mice with either the lipolysis inhibitor acipimox or the PPARα agonist fenofibrate partially protects against these metabolic alterations. Overall, our data highlight the central role of obesity-associated exosomal miRNAs in the etiopathogeny of glucose intolerance and dyslipidemia.
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Wei Y, Zhu M, Schober A. Macrophage MicroRNAs as Therapeutic Targets for Atherosclerosis, Metabolic Syndrome, and Cancer. Int J Mol Sci 2018; 19:ijms19061756. [PMID: 29899293 PMCID: PMC6032097 DOI: 10.3390/ijms19061756] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2018] [Revised: 06/05/2018] [Accepted: 06/08/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Macrophages play a crucial role in the innate immune system and contribute to a broad spectrum of pathologies in chronic inflammatory diseases. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) have been demonstrated to play important roles in macrophage functions by regulating macrophage polarization, lipid metabolism and so on. Thus, miRNAs represent promising diagnostic and therapeutic targets in immune disorders. In this review, we will summarize the role of miRNAs in atherosclerosis, metabolic syndrome, and cancer by modulating macrophage phenotypes, which has been supported by in vivo evidence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuanyuan Wei
- Experimental Vascular Medicine, Institute for Cardiovascular Prevention, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, 80336 Munich, Germany.
- German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner Site Munich Heart Alliance, 80802 Munich, Germany.
| | - Mengyu Zhu
- Experimental Vascular Medicine, Institute for Cardiovascular Prevention, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, 80336 Munich, Germany.
| | - Andreas Schober
- Experimental Vascular Medicine, Institute for Cardiovascular Prevention, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, 80336 Munich, Germany.
- German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner Site Munich Heart Alliance, 80802 Munich, Germany.
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He PP, Jiang T, OuYang XP, Liang YQ, Zou JQ, Wang Y, Shen QQ, Liao L, Zheng XL. Lipoprotein lipase: Biosynthesis, regulatory factors, and its role in atherosclerosis and other diseases. Clin Chim Acta 2018; 480:126-137. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cca.2018.02.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2017] [Revised: 02/06/2018] [Accepted: 02/07/2018] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
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Su G, Sun G, Liu H, Shu L, Liang Z. Downregulation of miR-34a promotes endothelial cell growth and suppresses apoptosis in atherosclerosis by regulating Bcl-2. Heart Vessels 2018; 33:1185-1194. [PMID: 29704100 DOI: 10.1007/s00380-018-1169-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2017] [Accepted: 04/20/2018] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Several miRNAs have been demonstrated to be involved in endothelial dysfunction during atherosclerosis (AS). However, the detailed roles and underlying mechanisms of miR-34a in AS-associated endothelial cell apoptosis are far from being addressed. Apolipoprotein E-deficient (ApoE-/-) mice fed with high-fat diet (HFD) were used as in vivo model of AS. Oxidized low-density lipoprotein (ox-LDL)-treated human aortic endothelial cells (HAECs) were applied as in vitro model of AS. The effects of miR-34a on atherosclerotic lesions were evaluated by hematoxylin-eosin (HE) and Oil Red O staining. Pecam-1+ endothelial cells were isolated from the aortic arch with flow cytometry. qRT-PCR and western blot were employed to measure gene and protein expression. The effects of miR-34a on cell viability, cell cycle distribution, and apoptosis were assessed by Cell counting kit (CCK)-8 and flow cytometry analysis. The relationship between miR-34a and Bcl-2 was confirmed by online softwares, luciferase reporter assay, and RNA immunoprecipitation (RIP). miR-34a was upregulated in HFD-induced ApoE-/- mice and ox-LDL-treated HAECs. Anti-miR-34a decreased atherosclerotic lesions and inhibited Pecam-1+ endothelial cells apoptosis in HFD-induced ApoE-/- mice. Moreover, anti-miR-34a significantly promoted cell viability, alleviated cell cycle arrest, and restrained apoptosis in ox-LDL-treated HAECs. Furthermore, Bcl-2 was identified as a target of miR-34a, and miR-34a inhibited Bcl-2 expression via binding to its 3'UTR. Rescue experiments demonstrated that Bcl-2 overexpression dramatically reversed miR-34a-mediated inhibition of cell growth and promotion of apoptosis in ox-LDL-exposed HAECs. Depletion of miR-34a facilitated endothelial cell growth and blocked apoptosis in AS by upregulating Bcl-2, offering a promising avenue for AS therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gang Su
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 453100, China
| | - Guangli Sun
- Department of Ophthalmology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, No. 1 Jianshe East Road, Erqi District, Zhengzhou, 453100, China.
| | - Hai Liu
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 453100, China
| | - Liliang Shu
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 453100, China
| | - Zhenxing Liang
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 453100, China
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Atrial overexpression of microRNA-27b attenuates angiotensin II-induced atrial fibrosis and fibrillation by targeting ALK5. Hum Cell 2018; 31:251-260. [PMID: 29671258 DOI: 10.1007/s13577-018-0208-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2018] [Accepted: 04/10/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Atrial fibrosis influences atrial fibrillation (AF) development by transforming growth factor beta 1 (TGF-β1)/Smad pathway. Although microRNAs are implicated in the pathogenesis of various diseases, information regarding the functional role of microRNAs in atrial dysfunction is limited. In the present study, we found that microRNA-27b (miR-27b) was the dominant member of miR-27 family expressed in left atrium. Moreover, the expression of miR-27b was significantly reduced after angiotensin II (AngII) infusion. Masson's trichrome staining revealed that delivery of miR-27b adeno-associated virus to left atrium led to a decrease in atrial fibrosis induced by AngII. The increased expression of collagen I, collagen III, plasminogen activator inhibitor type 1 and alpha smooth muscle actin was also inhibited after miR-27b upregulation. In isolated perfused hearts, miR-27b restoration markedly attenuated AngII-induced increase in interatrial conduction time, AF incidence and AF duration. Furthermore, our data evidence that miR-27b is a novel miRNA that targets ALK5, a receptor of TGF-β1, through binding to the 3' untranslated region of ALK5 mRNA. Ectopic miR-27b suppressed luciferase activity and expression of ALK5, whereas inhibition of miR-27b increased ALK5 luciferase activity and expression. Additionally, miR-27b inhibited AngII-induced Smad-2/3 phosphorylation without altering Smad-1 activity. Taken together, our study demonstrates that miR-27b ameliorates atrial fibrosis and AF through inactivation of Smad-2/3 pathway by targeting ALK5, suggesting miR-27b may play an anti-fibrotic role in left atrium and function as a novel therapeutic target for the treatment of cardiac dysfunction.
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Ma WQ, Wang Y, Han XQ, Zhu Y, Liu NF. Associations between LPL gene polymorphisms and coronary artery disease: evidence based on an updated and cumulative meta-analysis. Biosci Rep 2018; 38:BSR20171642. [PMID: 29459423 PMCID: PMC5857905 DOI: 10.1042/bsr20171642] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2017] [Revised: 02/03/2018] [Accepted: 02/19/2018] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Lipoprotein lipase (LPL) is widely linked to lipid and lipoprotein metabolism, but its effects on coronary artery disease (CAD) are not clearly elucidated. The aim of this study was to clarify the association between LPL gene polymorphisms and CAD susceptibility. The pooled odds ratio (OR) and 95% confidence interval (CI) were calculated to estimate the strength of the relationship between LPL gene polymorphisms and CAD risk. Comprehensive electronic databases, including PubMed, EMBASE, Web of Science, and the Cochrane Library, were systematically searched. A total of 45 records containing 80 eligible studies were analyzed. The results indicated an increased risk between the LPL D9N polymorphism and susceptibility to CAD in the dominant genetic model (AA + GA vs. GG: OR = 1.46, 95% CI = 1.14-1.87), whereas the LPL HindIII polymorphism showed a protective effect against CAD under all tested models (GG+GT vs. TT: OR = 0.85, 95% CI = 0.75-0.97; GG vs. TT + TG: OR = 0.62, 95% CI = 0.47-0.83; G vs. T: OR = 0.81, 95% CI = 0.71-0.92). No significant association was identified for the LPL N291S and PvuII polymorphisms. Stratification analysis by ethnicity suggested a significant correlation between the LPL S447X polymorphism and CAD susceptibility in Caucasians under the dominant and allele genetic models. In summary, our meta-analysis indicated that the LPL D9N polymorphism was associated with an increased risk of CAD, whereas the S447X and HindIII polymorphisms showed protective effects. There was no association observed between the N291S and PvuII polymorphisms and CAD risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen-Qi Ma
- Department of Cardiology, Zhongda Hospital, School of Medicine, Southeast University, 87 Ding Jiaqiao, Nanjing, P.R.China, Nanjing, 210009, China
| | - Ying Wang
- Department of Cardiology, Zhongda Hospital, School of Medicine, Southeast University, 87 Ding Jiaqiao, Nanjing, P.R.China, Nanjing, 210009, China
| | - Xi-Qiong Han
- Department of Cardiology, Zhongda Hospital, School of Medicine, Southeast University, 87 Ding Jiaqiao, Nanjing, P.R.China, Nanjing, 210009, China
| | - Yi Zhu
- Department of Cardiology, Zhongda Hospital, School of Medicine, Southeast University, 87 Ding Jiaqiao, Nanjing, P.R.China, Nanjing, 210009, China
| | - Nai-Feng Liu
- Department of Cardiology, Zhongda Hospital, School of Medicine, Southeast University, 87 Ding Jiaqiao, Nanjing, P.R.China, Nanjing, 210009, China
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Feng M, Xu D, Wang L. miR-26a inhibits atherosclerosis progression by targeting TRPC3. Cell Biosci 2018; 8:4. [PMID: 29387339 PMCID: PMC5775568 DOI: 10.1186/s13578-018-0203-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2017] [Accepted: 01/06/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Atherosclerosis, a chronic multi-factorial vascular disease, has become a predominant cause of a variety of cardiovascular disorders. miR-26a was previously reported to be involved in atherosclerosis progression. However, the underlying mechanism of miR-26a in atherosclerosis remains to be further explained. Methods High-fat diet (HFD)-fed apolipoprotein E (apoE)-/- mice and oxidized low-density lipoprotein (ox-LDL)-stimulated human aortic endothelial cells (HAECs) were established as in vivo and in vitro models of atherosclerosis. RT-qPCR and western blot analysis were performed to measure the expression of miR-26a and transient receptor potential canonical 3 (TRPC3), respectively. Binding between miR-26a and TRPC3 was predicted with bioinformatics software and verified using a dual luciferase reporter assay. The effects of miR-26a on the lipid accumulation, atherosclerotic lesion, and inflammatory response in HFD-fed apoE-/- mice were investigated by a colorimetric enzymatic assay system, hematoxylin-eosin and oil-Red-O staining, and ELISA, respectively. Additionally, the effects of miR-26a or combined with TRPC3 on cell viability, apoptosis and the nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-κB) pathway in ox-LDL-stimulated HAECs were evaluated by MTT assay, TUNEL assay, and western blot, respectively. Results miR-26a was downregulated in HFD-fed apoE-/- mice and ox-LDL-stimulated HAECs. miR-26a overexpression inhibited the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis by attenuating hyperlipidemia, atherosclerotic lesion and suppressing inflammatory response in HFD-fed apoE-/- mice. Moreover, miR-26a overexpression suppressed inflammatory response and the NF-κB pathway, promoted cell viability and inhibited apoptosis in ox-LDL-stimulated HAECs. Additionally, TRPC3 was demonstrated to be a direct target of miR-26a. Enforced expression of TRPC3 reversed the effects of miR-26a on cell viability, apoptosis, and the NF-κB pathway in ox-LDL-treated HAECs. Conclusions miR-26a alleviated the development of atherosclerosis by regulating TRPC3, providing a potential target for atherosclerosis treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min Feng
- Department of Intensive Care Unit, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, No. 1 of Jian She East Road, Zhengzhou, 450052 China
| | - Daqian Xu
- Department of Intensive Care Unit, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, No. 1 of Jian She East Road, Zhengzhou, 450052 China
| | - Lirui Wang
- Department of Intensive Care Unit, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, No. 1 of Jian She East Road, Zhengzhou, 450052 China
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Li X, Feng S, Luo Y, Long K, Lin Z, Ma J, Jiang A, Jin L, Tang Q, Li M, Wang X. Expression profiles of microRNAs in oxidized low-density lipoprotein-stimulated RAW 264.7 cells. In Vitro Cell Dev Biol Anim 2018; 54:99-110. [PMID: 29322359 DOI: 10.1007/s11626-017-0225-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2017] [Accepted: 12/22/2017] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Macrophage-derived foam cells were one of the hallmarks of atherosclerosis, and microRNAs played an important role in the formation of foam cells. In order to explore the roles of miRNA in the formation of foam cells, we investigated miRNA expression profiles in foam cells through high-throughput sequencing technology. A total of 84 miRNAs were differentially expressed between RAW 264.7 macrophages and foam cells induced by ox-LDL. Thirty miRNAs were upregulated and 54 miRNAs were downregulated. GO terms and KEGG pathways analysis revealed that the target genes of most of DE miRNAs were mainly enriched in "cell differentiation," "endocytosis," "MAPK signaling pathway," and "FoxO signaling pathway." The target genes of some DE miRNAs were enriched in "Insulin signaling pathway," "Hippo signaling pathway," "TNF signaling pathway," "NF-kappa B signaling pathway," and "cell death." Using bioinformatics analyses and dual-luciferase reporter assays, we found that miR-28a-5p and miR-30c-1-3p directly inhibited LRAD3 and LOX-1 mRNA expression through targeting the 3'UTR of LRAD3 and LOX-1 mRNA, respectively. Our study indicates that miRNAs are extensively involved in the formation of foam cells, and provides a valuable resource for further study the role of miRNAs in atherosclerosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaokai Li
- Institute of Animal Genetics and Breeding, College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, China
| | - Siyuan Feng
- Institute of Animal Genetics and Breeding, College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, China
| | - Yi Luo
- Institute of Animal Genetics and Breeding, College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, China
| | - Keren Long
- Institute of Animal Genetics and Breeding, College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, China
| | - Zhenghao Lin
- Institute of Animal Genetics and Breeding, College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, China
| | - Jideng Ma
- Institute of Animal Genetics and Breeding, College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, China
| | - Anan Jiang
- Institute of Animal Genetics and Breeding, College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, China
| | - Long Jin
- Institute of Animal Genetics and Breeding, College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, China
| | - Qianzi Tang
- Institute of Animal Genetics and Breeding, College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, China
| | - Mingzhou Li
- Institute of Animal Genetics and Breeding, College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, China.
| | - Xun Wang
- Institute of Animal Genetics and Breeding, College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, China.
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Hsu CC, Lai CY, Lin CY, Yeh KY, Her GM. MicroRNA-27b Depletion Enhances Endotrophic and Intravascular Lipid Accumulation and Induces Adipocyte Hyperplasia in Zebrafish. Int J Mol Sci 2017; 19:E93. [PMID: 29286302 PMCID: PMC5796043 DOI: 10.3390/ijms19010093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2017] [Revised: 12/20/2017] [Accepted: 12/20/2017] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
miR-27b has emerged as a regulatory hub in cholesterol and lipid metabolism, and as a potential therapeutic target for treating atherosclerosis and obesity. However, the impact of miR-27b on lipid levels in vivo remains to be determined. Zebrafish lipids are normally stored as triacylglycerols (TGs) and their main storage sites are visceral, intramuscular, and subcutaneous lipid depots, and not blood vessels and liver. In this study, we applied microRNA-sponge (miR-SP) technology and generated zebrafish expressing transgenic miR-27b-SP (C27bSPs), which disrupted endogenous miR-27b activity and induced intravascular lipid accumulation (hyperlipidemia) and the early onset of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH). Oil Red O staining predominantly increased in the blood vessels and livers of larvae and juvenile C27bSPs, indicating that miR-27b depletion functionally promoted lipid accumulation. C27bSPs also showed an increased weight gain with larger fat pads, resulting from adipocyte hyperplasia. Molecular analysis revealed that miR-27b depletion increased the expression of genes that are associated with lipogenesis and the endoplasmic reticulum (ER). Moreover, miR-27b-SP increased peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ (PPAR-γ), CCAAT enhancer binding protein-α (C/EBP-α, and sterol regulatory element binding transcription factor 1c (SREBP-1c) expression and contributed to lipogenesis and adipogenesis. CONCLUSION Our results suggest that miR-27b-SP acts as a lipid enhancer by directly increasing the expression of several lipogenic/adipogenic transcriptional factors, resulting in increased lipogenesis and adipogenesis. In this study, miR-27b expression improved lipid metabolism in C27bSPs, which suggests that miR-27b is an important lipogenic factor in regulating early onset of hyperlipidemia and adipogenesis in zebrafish.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chia-Chun Hsu
- Department of Radiology, Buddhist Tzu Chi General Hospital, Taichung Branch, Taichung 427, Taiwan.
- School of Medicine, Tzu Chi University, Hualien 970, Taiwan.
| | - Chi-Yu Lai
- Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology, National Taiwan Ocean University, Keelung 202, Taiwan.
| | - Chiu-Ya Lin
- Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology, National Taiwan Ocean University, Keelung 202, Taiwan.
| | - Kun-Yun Yeh
- Division of Hemato-Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, Chang-Chung Memorial Hospital, Keelung 204, Taiwan.
| | - Guor Mour Her
- Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology, National Taiwan Ocean University, Keelung 202, Taiwan.
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Yao Y, Xu Y, Wang W, Zhang J, Li Q. Glucagon-like peptide-1 improves β-cell dysfunction by suppressing the miR-27a-induced downregulation of ATP-binding cassette transporter A1. Biomed Pharmacother 2017; 96:497-502. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2017.10.049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2017] [Revised: 09/21/2017] [Accepted: 10/09/2017] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
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Zhang X, Ye Q, Gong D, Lv Y, Cheng H, Huang C, Chen L, Zhao Z, Li L, Wei X, Zhang M, Xia X, Yu X, Zheng X, Wang S, Wang Z, Tang C. Apelin-13 inhibits lipoprotein lipase expression via the APJ/PKCα/miR-361-5p signaling pathway in THP-1 macrophage-derived foam cells. Acta Biochim Biophys Sin (Shanghai) 2017; 49:530-540. [PMID: 28444107 DOI: 10.1093/abbs/gmx038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2016] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Atherosclerotic lesions are characterized by the accumulation of abundant lipids and chronic inflammation. Previous researches have indicated that macrophage-derived lipoprotein lipase (LPL) promotes atherosclerosis progression by accelerating lipid accumulation and pro-inflammatory cytokine secretion. Although apelin-13 has been regarded as an atheroprotective factor, it remains unclear whether it can regulate the expression of LPL. The aim of this study was to explore the effects of apelin-13 on the expression of LPL and the underlying mechanism in THP-1 macrophage-derived foam cells. Apelin-13 significantly decreased cellular levels of total cholesterol, free cholesterol, and cholesterol ester at the concentrations of 10 and 100 nM. ELISA analysis confirmed that treatment with apelin-13 reduced pro-inflammatory cytokine secretion, such as interleukin-6 (IL-6), interleukin-1β (IL-1β) and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α). It was also found that apelin-13 inhibited the expression of LPL as revealed by western blot and real-time PCR analyses. Bioinformatics analyses and dual-luciferase reporter assay indicated that miR-361-5p directly downregulated the expression of LPL by targeting the 3'UTR of LPL. In addition, apelin-13 + miR-361-5p mimic significantly downregulated the expression of LPL in cells. Finally, we demonstrated that apelin-13 downregulated the expression of LPL through activating the activity of PKCα. Taken together, our results showed that apelin-13 downregulated the expression of LPL via activating the APJ/PKCα/miR-361-5p signaling pathway in THP-1 macrophage-derived foam cells, leading to inhibition of lipid accumulation and pro-inflammatory cytokine secretion. Therefore, our studies provide important new insight into the inhibition of lipid accumulation and pro-inflammatory cytokine secretion by apelin-13, and highlight apelin-13 as a promising therapeutic target in atherosclerosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Zhang
- Institute of Cardiovascular Research, Key Laboratory for Atherosclerology of Hunan Province, Medical Research Center, Hunan Province Cooperative Innovation Center for Molecular Target New Drug Study, University of South China, Hengyang 421001, China
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Pharmacy and Life Science University of South China, Hengyang 421001, China
| | - Qiong Ye
- Institute of Cardiovascular Research, Key Laboratory for Atherosclerology of Hunan Province, Medical Research Center, Hunan Province Cooperative Innovation Center for Molecular Target New Drug Study, University of South China, Hengyang 421001, China
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of University of South China, Hengyang 421001, China
| | - Duo Gong
- Institute of Cardiovascular Research, Key Laboratory for Atherosclerology of Hunan Province, Medical Research Center, Hunan Province Cooperative Innovation Center for Molecular Target New Drug Study, University of South China, Hengyang 421001, China
| | - Yuan Lv
- Institute of Cardiovascular Research, Key Laboratory for Atherosclerology of Hunan Province, Medical Research Center, Hunan Province Cooperative Innovation Center for Molecular Target New Drug Study, University of South China, Hengyang 421001, China
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Pharmacy and Life Science University of South China, Hengyang 421001, China
| | - Haipeng Cheng
- Institute of Cardiovascular Research, Key Laboratory for Atherosclerology of Hunan Province, Medical Research Center, Hunan Province Cooperative Innovation Center for Molecular Target New Drug Study, University of South China, Hengyang 421001, China
| | - Chong Huang
- Institute of Cardiovascular Research, Key Laboratory for Atherosclerology of Hunan Province, Medical Research Center, Hunan Province Cooperative Innovation Center for Molecular Target New Drug Study, University of South China, Hengyang 421001, China
| | - Lingyan Chen
- Institute of Cardiovascular Research, Key Laboratory for Atherosclerology of Hunan Province, Medical Research Center, Hunan Province Cooperative Innovation Center for Molecular Target New Drug Study, University of South China, Hengyang 421001, China
| | - Zhenwang Zhao
- Institute of Cardiovascular Research, Key Laboratory for Atherosclerology of Hunan Province, Medical Research Center, Hunan Province Cooperative Innovation Center for Molecular Target New Drug Study, University of South China, Hengyang 421001, China
| | - Liang Li
- Institute of Cardiovascular Research, Key Laboratory for Atherosclerology of Hunan Province, Medical Research Center, Hunan Province Cooperative Innovation Center for Molecular Target New Drug Study, University of South China, Hengyang 421001, China
| | - Xie Wei
- Institute of Cardiovascular Research, Key Laboratory for Atherosclerology of Hunan Province, Medical Research Center, Hunan Province Cooperative Innovation Center for Molecular Target New Drug Study, University of South China, Hengyang 421001, China
| | - Min Zhang
- Institute of Cardiovascular Research, Key Laboratory for Atherosclerology of Hunan Province, Medical Research Center, Hunan Province Cooperative Innovation Center for Molecular Target New Drug Study, University of South China, Hengyang 421001, China
| | - Xiaodan Xia
- Institute of Cardiovascular Research, Key Laboratory for Atherosclerology of Hunan Province, Medical Research Center, Hunan Province Cooperative Innovation Center for Molecular Target New Drug Study, University of South China, Hengyang 421001, China
| | - Xiaohua Yu
- Institute of Cardiovascular Research, Key Laboratory for Atherosclerology of Hunan Province, Medical Research Center, Hunan Province Cooperative Innovation Center for Molecular Target New Drug Study, University of South China, Hengyang 421001, China
| | - Xilong Zheng
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Cumming School of Medicine, Libin Cardiovascular Institute of Alberta, University of Calgary, Health Sciences Center, Calgary, Alberta, CanadaT2N 4N1
| | - Shuzhi Wang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Pharmacy and Life Science University of South China, Hengyang 421001, China
| | - Zongbao Wang
- Institute of Cardiovascular Research, Key Laboratory for Atherosclerology of Hunan Province, Medical Research Center, Hunan Province Cooperative Innovation Center for Molecular Target New Drug Study, University of South China, Hengyang 421001, China
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Pharmacy and Life Science University of South China, Hengyang 421001, China
| | - Chaoke Tang
- Institute of Cardiovascular Research, Key Laboratory for Atherosclerology of Hunan Province, Medical Research Center, Hunan Province Cooperative Innovation Center for Molecular Target New Drug Study, University of South China, Hengyang 421001, China
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Kawahara Y, Yamashita T, Ohta Y, Sato K, Tsunoda K, Takemoto M, Hishikawa N, Eguchi J, Abe K. Marked hypertriglyceridemia induced by interferon-β1a therapy in a clinically isolated syndrome patient. J Neurol Sci 2016; 373:144-146. [PMID: 28131174 DOI: 10.1016/j.jns.2016.12.052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2016] [Revised: 12/17/2016] [Accepted: 12/23/2016] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yuko Kawahara
- Department of Neurology, Rheumatology, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Graduate School of Medicine and Dentistry, Okayama University, 2-5-1 Shikata-cho, Okayama 700-8558, Japan
| | - Toru Yamashita
- Department of Neurology, Rheumatology, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Graduate School of Medicine and Dentistry, Okayama University, 2-5-1 Shikata-cho, Okayama 700-8558, Japan
| | - Yasuyuki Ohta
- Department of Neurology, Rheumatology, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Graduate School of Medicine and Dentistry, Okayama University, 2-5-1 Shikata-cho, Okayama 700-8558, Japan
| | - Kota Sato
- Department of Neurology, Rheumatology, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Graduate School of Medicine and Dentistry, Okayama University, 2-5-1 Shikata-cho, Okayama 700-8558, Japan
| | - Keiichiro Tsunoda
- Department of Neurology, Rheumatology, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Graduate School of Medicine and Dentistry, Okayama University, 2-5-1 Shikata-cho, Okayama 700-8558, Japan
| | - Mami Takemoto
- Department of Neurology, Rheumatology, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Graduate School of Medicine and Dentistry, Okayama University, 2-5-1 Shikata-cho, Okayama 700-8558, Japan
| | - Nozomi Hishikawa
- Department of Neurology, Rheumatology, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Graduate School of Medicine and Dentistry, Okayama University, 2-5-1 Shikata-cho, Okayama 700-8558, Japan
| | - Jun Eguchi
- Departments of Nephrology, Rheumatology, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Graduate School of Medicine and Dentistry, Okayama University, 2-5-1 Shikata-cho, Okayama 700-8558, Japan
| | - Koji Abe
- Department of Neurology, Rheumatology, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Graduate School of Medicine and Dentistry, Okayama University, 2-5-1 Shikata-cho, Okayama 700-8558, Japan.
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Yang Y, Pan Q, Sun B, Yang R, Fang X, Liu X, Yu X, Zhao Z. miR-29b Targets LPL and TDG Genes and Regulates Apoptosis and Triglyceride Production in MECs. DNA Cell Biol 2016; 35:758-765. [DOI: 10.1089/dna.2016.3443] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Yuwei Yang
- College of Animal Science, Jilin University, Changchun, People's Republic of China
| | - Qiqi Pan
- College of Animal Science, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Daqing, China
| | - Boxing Sun
- College of Animal Science, Jilin University, Changchun, People's Republic of China
| | - Runjun Yang
- College of Animal Science, Jilin University, Changchun, People's Republic of China
| | - Xibi Fang
- College of Animal Science, Jilin University, Changchun, People's Republic of China
| | - Xin Liu
- College of Animal Science, Jilin University, Changchun, People's Republic of China
| | - Xianzhong Yu
- Department of Biological Sciences, Clemson University, Clemson, South Carolina
| | - Zhihui Zhao
- College of Animal Science, Jilin University, Changchun, People's Republic of China
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Baldán Á, Fernández-Hernando C. Truths and controversies concerning the role of miRNAs in atherosclerosis and lipid metabolism. Curr Opin Lipidol 2016; 27:623-629. [PMID: 27755115 PMCID: PMC5465636 DOI: 10.1097/mol.0000000000000358] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW Better tools are sorely needed for both the prevention and treatment of cardiovascular diseases, which account for more than one-third of the deaths in Western countries. MicroRNAs typically regulate the expression of several mRNAs involved in the same biological process. Therapeutic manipulation of miRNAs could restore the expression of multiple players within the same physiologic pathway, and ideally offer better curative outcomes than conventional approaches that target only one single player within the pathway. This review summarizes available studies on the prospective value of targeting miRNAs to prevent dyslipidemia and atherogenesis. RECENT FINDINGS Silencing the expression of miRNAs that target key genes involved in lipoprotein metabolism in vivo with antisense oligonucleotides results in the expected de-repression of target mRNAs in liver and atherosclerotic plaques. However, the consequences of long-term antimiRNA treatment on both circulating lipoproteins and athero-protection are yet to be established. SUMMARY A number of studies have demonstrated the efficacy of miRNA mimics and inhibitors as novel therapeutic tools for treating dyslipidemia and cardiovascular diseases. Nevertheless, concerns over unanticipated side-effects related to de-repression of additional targets should not be overlooked for miRNA-based therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ángel Baldán
- aEdward A. Doisy Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Center for Cardiovascular Research, and Liver Center, Saint Louis University, Saint Louis, Missouri bVascular Biology and Therapeutics Program, Integrative Cell Signaling and Neurobiology of Metabolism Program, Section of Comparative Medicine, and Department of Pathology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, USA
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Abstract
Numerous studies have examined the role of microRNAs (miRNAs) in cell homeostasis and cardiovascular disease and have markedly improved our understanding of RNA biology in general and the potential role of miRNAs in atherosclerosis. In atherosclerosis, several miRNAs, such as miR-33a,b, miR-92a, miR-126 and others, have been identified that are relevant mediators of pathological processes, including regulation of cholesterol and lipid biosynthesis, lipoprotein metabolism and cholesterol efflux, but also immune responses, endothelial cell biology and vascular function. Further understanding of the specific roles of miRNAs in the distinct cell types involved in atherosclerosis initiation, progression and resolution may reveal new intervention strategies for the prevention and treatment of atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hector Giral
- Department of Cardiology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin and Berlin Institute of Health (BIH), Berlin, Germany; Deutsches Zentrum für Herz-Kreislaufforschung (DZHK), Germany
| | - Adelheid Kratzer
- Department of Cardiology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin and Berlin Institute of Health (BIH), Berlin, Germany; Deutsches Zentrum für Herz-Kreislaufforschung (DZHK), Germany
| | - Ulf Landmesser
- Department of Cardiology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin and Berlin Institute of Health (BIH), Berlin, Germany; Deutsches Zentrum für Herz-Kreislaufforschung (DZHK), Germany.
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