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Xiong C, Li B, Song R, Ma Z, Huber SA, Liu W. IFITM3 mediates inflammation induced myocardial injury through JAK2/STAT3 signaling pathway. Mol Immunol 2024; 167:1-15. [PMID: 38306778 DOI: 10.1016/j.molimm.2024.01.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2022] [Revised: 12/11/2023] [Accepted: 01/23/2024] [Indexed: 02/04/2024]
Abstract
Myocarditis is an inflammation of the heart muscle often associated with viral infections and can lead to dilated cardiomyopathy. Interferon-induced transmembrane protein 3 (IFITM3) is a small endosomal membrane protein with anti-viral activity against multiple viruses and is also implicated in non-infectious diseases such as cancer and Alzheimer's Disease. Since the IFITM3 proteins are expressed both in T cells and in cardiomyocytes, it is reasonable to hypothesize that these molecules could affect myocarditis either through their effect on the autoimmune response or through direct modulation of cardiomyocyte damage. The aim of this study was to investigate the role of IFITM3 in experimental autoimmune myocarditis (EAM)-mediated myocardial injury. Immunization of rats with cardiac myosin results in substantial cardiac inflammation and is associated with increased expression of IFITM3 after 21 days. In vivo IFITM3 shRNA knockdown using the lentivirus transfection method reduced cardiac injury while restoring IFITM3 expression reversed the protective effect of IFITM3 RNA interference. To determine the direct impact of IFITM3, the rat ventricular cell line, H9c2, was treated with palmitic acid which causes apoptosis in these cells. Suppressing IFITM3 expression protects H9c2 cells while overexpressing IFITM3 enhances cell injury. JAK inhibitors reduced IFITM3-mediated myocardial cell injury. In conclusion, IFITM3 may mediate myocardial injury in EAM rats and palmitic acid-induced damage to H9c2 cells through the JAK2/STAT3 pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chunming Xiong
- Department of Cardiology, the fourth affiliated hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150001 China
| | - Bohan Li
- Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150001 China
| | - Renxing Song
- Department of Cardiology, the fourth affiliated hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150001 China
| | - Zizhe Ma
- Department of Cardiology, the fourth affiliated hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150001 China
| | - Sally A Huber
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Vermont, Colchester, VT 05446 United States
| | - Wei Liu
- Department of Cardiology, the fourth affiliated hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150001 China; Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150001 China; Department of Geriatric Cardiovascular Division, Guangdong Provincial Geriatrics Institute, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou 510080 China.
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2
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Rademeyer KM, R Nass S, Jones AM, Ohene-Nyako M, Hauser KF, McRae M. Fentanyl dysregulates neuroinflammation and disrupts blood-brain barrier integrity in HIV-1 Tat transgenic mice. J Neurovirol 2024; 30:1-21. [PMID: 38280928 PMCID: PMC11232468 DOI: 10.1007/s13365-023-01186-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2023] [Revised: 10/29/2023] [Accepted: 11/16/2023] [Indexed: 01/29/2024]
Abstract
Opioid overdose deaths have dramatically increased by 781% from 1999 to 2021. In the setting of HIV, opioid drug abuse exacerbates neurotoxic effects of HIV in the brain, as opioids enhance viral replication, promote neuronal dysfunction and injury, and dysregulate an already compromised inflammatory response. Despite the rise in fentanyl abuse and the close association between opioid abuse and HIV infection, the interactive comorbidity between fentanyl abuse and HIV has yet to be examined in vivo. The HIV-1 Tat-transgenic mouse model was used to understand the interactive effects between fentanyl and HIV. Tat is an essential protein produced during HIV that drives the transcription of new virions and exerts neurotoxic effects within the brain. The Tat-transgenic mouse model uses a glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP)-driven tetracycline promoter which limits Tat production to the brain and this model is well used for examining mechanisms related to neuroHIV. After 7 days of fentanyl exposure, brains were harvested. Tight junction proteins, the vascular cell adhesion molecule, and platelet-derived growth factor receptor-β were measured to examine the integrity of the blood brain barrier. The immune response was assessed using a mouse-specific multiplex chemokine assay. For the first time in vivo, we demonstrate that fentanyl by itself can severely disrupt the blood-brain barrier and dysregulate the immune response. In addition, we reveal associations between inflammatory markers and tight junction proteins at the blood-brain barrier.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kara M Rademeyer
- Department of Pharmacotherapy and Outcomes Science, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, 23298, U.S.A
| | - Sara R Nass
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Medicine, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, U.S.A
| | - Austin M Jones
- Department of Pharmacotherapy and Outcomes Science, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, 23298, U.S.A
| | - Michael Ohene-Nyako
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Medicine, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, U.S.A
| | - Kurt F Hauser
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Medicine, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, U.S.A
| | - MaryPeace McRae
- Department of Neuroscience, School of Medicine, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, 22908, U.S.A..
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Zhang X, Sang X, Chen Y, Yu H, Sun Y, Liang X, Zheng X, Wang X, Yang H, Bi J, Zhang L, Wang P. VCAM-1 + hUC-MSCs Exert Considerable Neuroprotection Against Cerebral Infarction in Rats by Suppression of NLRP3-Induced Pyroptosis. Neurochem Res 2023; 48:3084-3098. [PMID: 37336824 DOI: 10.1007/s11064-023-03968-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2023] [Revised: 06/07/2023] [Accepted: 06/08/2023] [Indexed: 06/21/2023]
Abstract
Mesenchymal stem/stromal cells (MSCs) are spindle-like heterogeneous cell populations with advantageous bidirectional immunomodulatory and hematopoietic support effects. Vascular cellular adhesion molecule-1 (VCAM-1)+ MSCs have been reported to exhibit immunoregulatory and proangiogenic capacities. Here, we studied the effects of VCAM-1+ human umbilical cord (hUC)-MSCs on neuroprotection against cerebral infarction. Sprague-Dawley rats were subjected to middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO), and VCAM-1- and VCAM-1+ hUC-MSCs were intravenously injected into the rat 4 h post-MCAO surgery. Thereafter, modified neurological severity scores (mNSS) were determined, and the Morris water maze test, 2,3,5-triphenyltetrazolium chloride (TTC), hematoxylin and eosin (H&E), Nissl, TUNEL staining, and qRT-PCR were conducted. Following induction of oxygen-glucose deprivation/reoxygenation (OGD/R), SH-SY5Y cells were co-cultured with VCAM-1- and VCAM-1+ hUC-MSCs. CCK-8, flow cytometry, ELISA, and western blot analyses were performed in vitro. Compared with VCAM-1- hUC-MSCs, administration of VCAM-1+ hUC-MSCs revealed improved therapeutic efficacy against cerebral infarction in rats, as confirmed by lower mNSS scores and infarct volumes, as well as improved learning and memory capacities. In addition, VCAM-1+ hUC-MSCs exhibited improved efficacy against neurological defects in rats with cerebral infarction, accompanied by inhibition of the NLRP3-mediated inflammatory response. VCAM-1+ hUC-MSC co-culture improved the viability and diminished NLRP3-mediated inflammatory response in OGD/R-treated SH-SY5Y cells. Moreover, NLRP3 overexpression in SH-SY5Y cells prevented the beneficial effects of VCAM-1+ hUC-MSC co-culture. Overall, our findings demonstrated the relevance of VCAM-1+ hUC-MSC-based cytotherapy for preclinical neuroprotection against cerebral infarction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao Zhang
- Department of Neurology, The Second Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, 250033, China
| | - Xiaoyu Sang
- Department of Neurology, The Second Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, 250033, China
| | - Yanting Chen
- Department of Neurology, The Second Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, 250033, China
| | - Hao Yu
- School of Medicine, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, China
| | - Yuan Sun
- The Second Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, 250033, China
| | - Xilong Liang
- Department of Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Yale University, 38 Crown Street, APT 203, New Haven, CT, 06510, USA
| | - Xiaolei Zheng
- Department of Neurology, The Second Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, 250033, China
| | - Xiao Wang
- Department of Neurology, The Second Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, 250033, China
| | - Hui Yang
- Department of Neurology, The Second Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, 250033, China
| | - Jianzhong Bi
- Department of Neurology, The Second Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, 250033, China
| | - Leisheng Zhang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Qianfoshan Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, 250014, China.
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Diagnostics and Precision Medicine for Surgical Oncology in Gansu Province and NHC Key Laboratory of Diagnosis and Therapy of Gastrointestinal Tumor, Gansu Provincial Hospital, Lanzhou, 730000, China.
- Key Laboratory of Radiation Technology and Biophysics, Hefei Institute of Physical Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei, 230031, China.
| | - Ping Wang
- Department of Neurology, The Second Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, 250033, China.
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Integrated Single-Cell and RNA Sequencing Analysis Identifies Key Immune Cell and Dendritic Cells Associated Genes Participated in Myocarditis. J Immunol Res 2022; 2022:8655343. [PMID: 36226312 PMCID: PMC9550476 DOI: 10.1155/2022/8655343] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2022] [Accepted: 09/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Myocarditis is a complex disease characterized by myocardial inflammatory cell infiltration. The purpose of our study was to investigate the gene and single-cell signature to explore the involvement of immune cells in myocarditis. Gene expressions merged from GSE35182 and GSE35182 datasets were subjected to differential expression gene (DEG) analysis and PPI network construction. The correlation analysis of DEGs with immune cell infiltration was performed. Single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) was downloaded from GSE174458. A total of 58 DEGs were identified, including 51 DEGs upregulated and 7 DEGs downregulated in the myocarditis group compared with the control group. GO and KEGG enrichment analyses revealed that myocarditis triggered DEGs mainly involved in immune-related processes and pathways. PPI network analysis identified 20 central hub genes. Occurrence of myocarditis induced significant enrichment of conventional dendritic cell 2 (cDC2), plasmacytoid DC, and plasma cell in myocardial tissue. Mmp12, Gpnmb, and Atp6v0d2 expressions were positively correlated with cDC abundance, of which only Mmp1 and Gpnmb were shared with hub gene list. A total of 20972 cells in scRNA-seq yielded 26 cell clusters and annotated 9 cell types, including fibroblasts, neutrophils, stromal cells, monocytes, basophils, B cells, natural killer T cells, innate lymphoid cells, and T cells, and only proportion of natural killer T cells and monocytes were higher in the myocarditis than in control. Monocytes annotated 3 subclusters including DC, macrophage, and monocytes. Hub genes of Ctss, Mpeg1, Cybb, H2-Ab1, Ly86, CD74, and Lgals3 were highly expressed in monocytes cluster. Among DC-correlated DEGs, Mmp12 was mainly expressed in monocyte cluster, and Gpnmb was mainly expressed in fibroblast cluster, whereas Atp6v0d2 expression has a weaker signal and weaker cell preference. In conclusion, DC infiltration and its associated pivotal genes may be responsible for progression of myocarditis. Our study expands and provides novel information on the immune cell engagement of myocarditis.
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Abstract
Purpose of Review Myocarditis is a disease caused by inflammation of the heart that can progress to dilated cardiomyopathy, heart failure, and eventually death in many patients. Several etiologies are implicated in the development of myocarditis including autoimmune, drug-induced, infectious, and others. All causes lead to inflammation which causes damage to the myocardium followed by remodeling and fibrosis. This review aims to summarize recent findings in biomarkers for myocarditis and highlight the most promising candidates. Recent Findings Current methods of diagnosing myocarditis, including imaging and endomyocardial biopsy, are invasive, expensive, and often not done early enough to affect progression. Research is being done to find biomarkers of myocarditis that are cost-effective, accurate, and prognostically informative. These biomarkers would allow for earlier screening for myocarditis, as well as earlier treatment, and a better understanding of the disease course for specific patients. Summary Early diagnosis of myocarditis with biomarkers may allow for prompt treatment to improve outcomes in patients.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Pieter Martens
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Heart, Vascular and Thoracic Institute, Cleveland Clinic, 9500 Euclid Avenue, Desk J3-4, Cleveland, OH, 44195, USA
| | - W H Wilson Tang
- Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA. .,Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Heart, Vascular and Thoracic Institute, Cleveland Clinic, 9500 Euclid Avenue, Desk J3-4, Cleveland, OH, 44195, USA.
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Troncoso MF, Ortiz-Quintero J, Garrido-Moreno V, Sanhueza-Olivares F, Guerrero-Moncayo A, Chiong M, Castro PF, García L, Gabrielli L, Corbalán R, Garrido-Olivares L, Lavandero S. VCAM-1 as a predictor biomarker in cardiovascular disease. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Basis Dis 2021; 1867:166170. [PMID: 34000374 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbadis.2021.166170] [Citation(s) in RCA: 77] [Impact Index Per Article: 25.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2021] [Revised: 05/08/2021] [Accepted: 05/11/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
The vascular cellular adhesion molecule-1 (VCAM-1) is a protein that canonically participates in the adhesion and transmigration of leukocytes to the interstitium during inflammation. VCAM-1 expression, together with soluble VCAM-1 (sVCAM-1) induced by the shedding of VCAM-1 by metalloproteinases, have been proposed as biomarkers in immunological diseases, cancer, autoimmune myocarditis, and as predictors of mortality and morbidity in patients with chronic heart failure (HF), endothelial injury in patients with coronary artery disease, and arrhythmias. This revision aims to discuss the role of sVCAM-1 as a biomarker to predict the occurrence, development, and preservation of cardiovascular disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mayarling Francisca Troncoso
- Advanced Center of Chronic Diseases (ACCDiS), Facultad de Ciencias Químicas y Farmacéuticas y Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Jafet Ortiz-Quintero
- Advanced Center of Chronic Diseases (ACCDiS), Facultad de Ciencias Químicas y Farmacéuticas y Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile; Department of Bioanalysis & Immunology, Faculty of Sciences, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de Honduras, Tegucigalpa, Honduras
| | - Valeria Garrido-Moreno
- Advanced Center of Chronic Diseases (ACCDiS), Facultad de Ciencias Químicas y Farmacéuticas y Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Fernanda Sanhueza-Olivares
- Advanced Center of Chronic Diseases (ACCDiS), Facultad de Ciencias Químicas y Farmacéuticas y Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Alejandra Guerrero-Moncayo
- Advanced Center of Chronic Diseases (ACCDiS), Facultad de Ciencias Químicas y Farmacéuticas y Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Mario Chiong
- Advanced Center of Chronic Diseases (ACCDiS), Facultad de Ciencias Químicas y Farmacéuticas y Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Pablo F Castro
- Division of Cardiovascular Diseases, Facultad de Medicina, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Lorena García
- Advanced Center of Chronic Diseases (ACCDiS), Facultad de Ciencias Químicas y Farmacéuticas y Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Luigi Gabrielli
- Division of Cardiovascular Diseases, Facultad de Medicina, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Ramón Corbalán
- Division of Cardiovascular Diseases, Facultad de Medicina, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Luis Garrido-Olivares
- Division of Surgery, Facultad de Medicina, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile.
| | - Sergio Lavandero
- Advanced Center of Chronic Diseases (ACCDiS), Facultad de Ciencias Químicas y Farmacéuticas y Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile; Department of Internal Medicine, Cardiology Division, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA.
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7
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Chang NC, Yeh CT, Lin YK, Kuo KT, Fong IH, Kounis NG, Hu P, Hung MY. Garcinol Attenuates Lipoprotein(a)-Induced Oxidative Stress and Inflammatory Cytokine Production in Ventricular Cardiomyocyte through α7-Nicotinic Acetylcholine Receptor-Mediated Inhibition of the p38 MAPK and NF-κB Signaling Pathways. Antioxidants (Basel) 2021; 10:antiox10030461. [PMID: 33809417 PMCID: PMC8000018 DOI: 10.3390/antiox10030461] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2021] [Revised: 02/27/2021] [Accepted: 03/10/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Garcinol, a nicotinic acetylcholine receptor (nAChR) antagonist, has recently been established as an anti-inflammation agent. However, the molecular mechanism by which garcinol suppresses inflammation in the context of acute myocardial infarction (AMI) remains unclear. Hypothesis: We hypothesized that the administration of physiological doses of garcinol in mice with isoproterenol-induced AMI decreased the effect of lipoprotein(a) (Lp(a))-induced inflammation both in vivo and in vitro via the α7-nAChRs mediated p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK)/nuclear factor kappa-light-chain-enhancer of activated B cells (NF-kB) signaling pathway. We analyzed altered reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation, the production of superoxide by mitochondria, cytokine expression patterns, and the role of the p38 MAPK/NF-κB signaling pathway after Lp(a)-stimulated human ventricular cardiomyocyte AC16 cells were treated with increasing doses of garcinol. C-reactive protein (CRP), interleukin (IL)-1β, IL-6, or tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α production were detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. The Cell Counting Kit-8 assay was used to evaluate drug cytotoxicity. Western blots and confocal fluorescence microscopy were used to determine altered expression patterns of inflammatory biomarkers. We also examined whether the therapeutic effect of garcinol in AMI was mediated in part by α7-nAChR. Lp(a)-induced inflammatory cardiomyocytes had increased expression of membrane-bound α7-nAChRs in vitro and in vivo. Low-dose garcinol did not affect cardiomyocyte viability but significantly reduced mitochondrial ROS, CRP, IL-1β, IL-6, and TNF-α production in Lp(a)-stimulated cardiomyocytes (p < 0.05). The Lp(a)-induced phosphorylation of p38 MAPKs, CamKII, and NFκB, as well as NFκB-p65 nuclear translocation, was also suppressed (p < 0.05) by garcinol, while the inhibition of p38 MAPK by the inhibitor SB203580 decreased the phosphorylation of extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) and p38 MAPK. Garcinol protected cardiomyocytes by inhibiting apoptosis and inflammation in mice with AMI. Furthermore, garcinol also enhanced the expression of microRNA-205 that suppressed the α7-nAChR-induced p38 MAPK/NF-κB signaling pathway. Garcinol suppresses Lp(a)-induced oxidative stress and inflammatory cytokines by α7-nAChR-mediated inhibition of p38 MAPK/NF-κB signaling in cardiomyocyte AC16 cells and isoproterenol-induced AMI mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nen-Chung Chang
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Taipei Medical University Hospital, Taipei 110, Taiwan
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 110, Taiwan;
- Taipei Heart Institute, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 110, Taiwan
| | - Chi-Tai Yeh
- Department of Medical Research and Education, Taipei Medical University—Shuang Ho Hospital, New Taipei City 23561, Taiwan; (C.-T.Y.); (I.-H.F.)
- Department of Medical Laboratory Science and Biotechnology, Yuanpei University of Medical Technology, Hsinchu City 30015, Taiwan
| | - Yen-Kuang Lin
- Biostatistics Center, Office of Data Science, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 110, Taiwan
- Graduate Institute of Data Science, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 110, Taiwan
- Research Center of Big Data, College of Management, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 110, Taiwan;
| | - Kuang-Tai Kuo
- Division of Thoracic Surgery, Department of Surgery, Shuang Ho Hospital, Taipei Medical University, New Taipei City 23561, Taiwan;
- Division of Thoracic Surgery, Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 110, Taiwan
| | - Iat-Hang Fong
- Department of Medical Research and Education, Taipei Medical University—Shuang Ho Hospital, New Taipei City 23561, Taiwan; (C.-T.Y.); (I.-H.F.)
- Department of Medical Laboratory Science and Biotechnology, Yuanpei University of Medical Technology, Hsinchu City 30015, Taiwan
| | - Nicholas G. Kounis
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Cardiology, University of Patras Medical School, 26221 Patras, Greece;
| | - Patrick Hu
- Department of Cardiology, University of California, Riverside, CA 92521, USA;
- Department of Cardiology, Riverside Medical Clinic, Riverside, CA 92506, USA
| | - Ming-Yow Hung
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 110, Taiwan;
- Taipei Heart Institute, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 110, Taiwan
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Shuang Ho Hospital, Taipei Medical University, New Taipei City 23561, Taiwan
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +886-2-22490088
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Clauss S, Bleyer C, Schüttler D, Tomsits P, Renner S, Klymiuk N, Wakili R, Massberg S, Wolf E, Kääb S. Animal models of arrhythmia: classic electrophysiology to genetically modified large animals. Nat Rev Cardiol 2020; 16:457-475. [PMID: 30894679 DOI: 10.1038/s41569-019-0179-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 121] [Impact Index Per Article: 30.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Arrhythmias are common and contribute substantially to cardiovascular morbidity and mortality. The underlying pathophysiology of arrhythmias is complex and remains incompletely understood, which explains why mostly only symptomatic therapy is available. The evaluation of the complex interplay between various cell types in the heart, including cardiomyocytes from the conduction system and the working myocardium, fibroblasts and cardiac immune cells, remains a major challenge in arrhythmia research because it can be investigated only in vivo. Various animal species have been used, and several disease models have been developed to study arrhythmias. Although every species is useful and might be ideal to study a specific hypothesis, we suggest a practical trio of animal models for future use: mice for genetic investigations, mechanistic evaluations or early studies to identify potential drug targets; rabbits for studies on ion channel function, repolarization or re-entrant arrhythmias; and pigs for preclinical translational studies to validate previous findings. In this Review, we provide a comprehensive overview of different models and currently used species for arrhythmia research, discuss their advantages and disadvantages and provide guidance for researchers who are considering performing in vivo studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sebastian Clauss
- Department of Medicine I, University Hospital Munich, Campus Grosshadern, Ludwig-Maximilians University Munich (LMU), Munich, Germany. .,DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), Partner Site Munich, Munich Heart Alliance (MHA), Munich, Germany.
| | - Christina Bleyer
- Department of Medicine I, University Hospital Munich, Campus Grosshadern, Ludwig-Maximilians University Munich (LMU), Munich, Germany.,DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), Partner Site Munich, Munich Heart Alliance (MHA), Munich, Germany
| | - Dominik Schüttler
- Department of Medicine I, University Hospital Munich, Campus Grosshadern, Ludwig-Maximilians University Munich (LMU), Munich, Germany.,DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), Partner Site Munich, Munich Heart Alliance (MHA), Munich, Germany
| | - Philipp Tomsits
- Department of Medicine I, University Hospital Munich, Campus Grosshadern, Ludwig-Maximilians University Munich (LMU), Munich, Germany.,DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), Partner Site Munich, Munich Heart Alliance (MHA), Munich, Germany
| | - Simone Renner
- Institute of Molecular Animal Breeding and Biotechnology, Ludwig-Maximilians University Munich (LMU), Munich, Germany.,DZD (German Centre for Diabetes Research), Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Nikolai Klymiuk
- Institute of Molecular Animal Breeding and Biotechnology, Ludwig-Maximilians University Munich (LMU), Munich, Germany
| | - Reza Wakili
- Universitätsklinikum Essen, Westdeutsches Herz- und Gefäßzentrum Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Steffen Massberg
- Department of Medicine I, University Hospital Munich, Campus Grosshadern, Ludwig-Maximilians University Munich (LMU), Munich, Germany.,DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), Partner Site Munich, Munich Heart Alliance (MHA), Munich, Germany
| | - Eckhard Wolf
- DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), Partner Site Munich, Munich Heart Alliance (MHA), Munich, Germany.,Institute of Molecular Animal Breeding and Biotechnology, Ludwig-Maximilians University Munich (LMU), Munich, Germany.,DZD (German Centre for Diabetes Research), Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Stefan Kääb
- Department of Medicine I, University Hospital Munich, Campus Grosshadern, Ludwig-Maximilians University Munich (LMU), Munich, Germany.,DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), Partner Site Munich, Munich Heart Alliance (MHA), Munich, Germany
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9
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Wihastuti TA, Aini FN, Lutfiana NC, Heriansyah T, Zamrudah N. Exploration of Adhesion Molecule Expression in Cardiac Muscle of Early Atherosclerosis Dyslipidemic Sprague Dawley Rats. THE OPEN MEDICINAL CHEMISTRY JOURNAL 2018; 12:124-129. [PMID: 30505360 PMCID: PMC6210500 DOI: 10.2174/1874104501812010124] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2018] [Revised: 09/29/2018] [Accepted: 10/02/2018] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study is aimed to examine the expression of ICAM-1 and VCAM-1 in cardiac tissue of dyslipidemic Sprague Dawley rats. METHODS Eight Sprague Dawley strain rats, with 150-200 gram body weight, were divided into two groups. The control group was fed a standard diet, the positive control group was fed a high-fat diet as our previous study for 8 weeks. The pattern of distribution of ICAM-1 and VCAM-1 in cardiac muscle cell was examined by immunofluorescence and observed with a confocal laser scanning microscope. Lipid profile was also examined at the end of the study. RESULT Independent t-test showed no differences in ICAM-1 and VCAM-1 expression in cardiac muscle of hypercholesterol-diet-fed Sprague Dawley rat compared to control. CONCLUSION The expression of ICAM-1 and VCAM-1 in cardiac muscle did not change after the onset of atherosclerosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Titin A. Wihastuti
- Departement of Biomedicine, Faculty of Medicine, Brawijaya University, Malang, Indonesia
| | - Fitria N. Aini
- Departement of Biomedicine, Faculty of Medicine, Brawijaya University, Malang, Indonesia
| | - Nurul C. Lutfiana
- Departement of Biomedicine, Faculty of Medicine, Brawijaya University, Malang, Indonesia
| | - Teuku Heriansyah
- Departement of Cardiology, Faculty of Medicine, Syiah Kuala University, Aceh, Indonesia
| | - Nafisatuz Zamrudah
- Departement of Biomedicine, Faculty of Medicine, Brawijaya University, Malang, Indonesia
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10
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Liu N, Su H, Zhang Y, Liu Z, Kong J. Cholecalciterol cholesterol emulsion attenuates experimental autoimmune myocarditis in mice via inhibition of the pyroptosis signaling pathway. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2017; 493:422-428. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2017.09.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2017] [Accepted: 09/02/2017] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
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