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Iriawati I, Vitasasti S, Rahmadian FNA, Barlian A. Isolation and characterization of plant-derived exosome-like nanoparticles from Carica papaya L. fruit and their potential as anti-inflammatory agent. PLoS One 2024; 19:e0304335. [PMID: 38959219 PMCID: PMC11221653 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0304335] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2023] [Accepted: 05/10/2024] [Indexed: 07/05/2024] Open
Abstract
Inflammation is an immune system response that identifies and eliminates foreign material. However, excessive and persistent inflammation could disrupt the healing process. Plant-derived exosome-like nanoparticles (PDENs) are a promising candidate for therapeutic application because they are safe, biodegradable and biocompatible. In this study, papaya PDENs were isolated by a PEG6000-based method and characterized by dynamic light scattering (DLS), transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM), bicinchoninic acid (BCA) assay method, GC-MS analysis, total phenolic content (TPC) analysis, and 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) assay. For the in vitro test, we conducted internalization analysis, toxicity assessment, determination of nitrite concentration, and assessed the expression of inflammatory cytokine genes using qRT-PCR in RAW 264.7 cells. For the in vivo test, inflammation was induced by caudal fin amputation followed by analysis of macrophage and neutrophil migration in zebrafish (Danio rerio) larvae. The result showed that papaya PDENs can be well isolated using the optimized differential centrifugation method with the addition of 30 ppm pectolyase, 15% PEG, and 0.2 M NaCl, which exhibited cup-shaped and spherical morphological structure with an average diameter of 168.8±9.62 nm. The papaya PDENs storage is stable in aquabidest and 25 mM trehalose solution at -20˚C until the fourth week. TPC estimation of all papaya PDENs ages did not show a significant change, while the DPPH test exhibited a significant change in the second week. The major compounds contained in Papaya PDENs is 2,3-dihydro-3,5-dihydroxy-6-methyl-4H-pyran-4-one (DDMP). Papaya PDENs can be internalized and is non-cytotoxic to RAW 264.7 cells. Moreover, LPS-induced RAW 264.7 cells treated with papaya PDENs showed a decrease in NO production and downregulation mRNA expression of pro-inflammatory cytokine genes (IL-1B and IL-6) and an upregulation in mRNA expression of anti-inflammatory cytokine gene (IL-10). In addition, in vivo tests conducted on zebrafish treated with PDENs papaya showed inhibition of macrophage and neutrophil cell migration. These findings suggest that PDENs papaya possesses anti-inflammatory properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Iriawati Iriawati
- School of Life Sciences and Technology, Institut Teknologi Bandung, Bandung, Indonesia
| | - Safira Vitasasti
- School of Life Sciences and Technology, Institut Teknologi Bandung, Bandung, Indonesia
| | | | - Anggraini Barlian
- School of Life Sciences and Technology, Institut Teknologi Bandung, Bandung, Indonesia
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Karabay AZ, Ozkan T, Koc A, Hekmatshoar Y, Gurkan-Alp AS, Sunguroglu A. Nilotinib exhibits less toxicity than imatinib and influences the immune state by modulating iNOS, p-p38 and p-JNK in LPS/IFN gamma-activated macrophages. Toxicol In Vitro 2024; 95:105754. [PMID: 38061604 DOI: 10.1016/j.tiv.2023.105754] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2023] [Revised: 11/03/2023] [Accepted: 11/30/2023] [Indexed: 01/16/2024]
Abstract
In this study, we aimed to analyze the effects of first and second-generation Bcr-Abl tyrosine kinase inhibitors, imatinib and nilotinib on LPS/IFN gamma activated RAW 264.7 macrophages. Our data revealed that imatinib was less effective on nitrite levels and more toxic on macrophages compared to nilotinib. Therefore, we further analysed the effect of nilotinib on various inflammatory markers including iNOS, COX-2, NFkB, IL-6, p-ERK, p-p38 and p-JNK in LPS/IFN gamma activated RAW264.7 macrophages. Spectrophotometric viability test and Griess assay,western blot, RT-PCR and luciferase reporter assays were used to analyze the biological activity of nilotinib. Our findings revealed that nilotinib decreases nitrite levels, iNOS mRNA, iNOS and p-p38 protein expressions significantly whereas induces IL-6 mRNA and p-JNK protein expressions at particular doses. We did not find significant effect of nilotinib on COX-2, p-ERK and nuclear p65 proteins and NFkB transcriptional activity. In addition, the binding mode of nilotinib to iNOS protein was predicted by molecular docking. According to the docking analyses, nilotinib exhibited hydrophobic interactions between MET349, ALA191, VAL346, PHE363, TYR367, MET368, CYS194, TRP366 residues at the binding pocket and the molecule as well as van der Waals interactions at specific residues. In conclusion, our results reveal that, in addition to its anticancer activity, nilotinib can exhibit immune modulatory effects on macrophages through its effects on iNOS, IL-6, p-p38 and p-JNK.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arzu Zeynep Karabay
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ankara University, Ankara, Turkey.
| | - Tulin Ozkan
- Department of Medical Biology, School of Medicine, Ankara University, Ankara, Turkey.
| | - Asli Koc
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ankara University, Ankara, Turkey.
| | - Yalda Hekmatshoar
- Department of Medical Biology, School of Medicine, Altinbas University, Istanbul, Turkey.
| | - A Selen Gurkan-Alp
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ankara University, Ankara, Turkey.
| | - Asuman Sunguroglu
- Department of Medical Biology, School of Medicine, Ankara University, Ankara, Turkey.
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Miao L, Liu C, Cheong MS, Zhong R, Tan Y, Rengasamy KRR, Leung SWS, Cheang WS, Xiao J. Exploration of natural flavones' bioactivity and bioavailability in chronic inflammation induced-type-2 diabetes mellitus. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2023; 63:11640-11667. [PMID: 35821658 DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2022.2095349] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
Diabetes, being the most widespread illness, poses a serious threat to global public health. It seems that inflammation plays a critical role in the pathophysiology of diabetes. This review aims to demonstrate a probable link between type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and chronic inflammation during its development. Additionally, the current review examined the bioactivity of natural flavones and the possible molecular mechanisms by which they influence diabetes and inflammation. While natural flavones possess remarkable anti-diabetic and anti-inflammatory bioactivities, their therapeutic use is limited by the low oral bioavailability. Several factors contribute to the low bioavailability, including poor water solubility, food interaction, and unsatisfied metabolic behaviors, while the diseases (diabetes, inflammation, etc.) causing even less bioavailability. Throughout the years, different strategies have been developed to boost flavones' bioavailability, including structural alteration, biological transformation, and innovative drug delivery system design. This review addresses current advancements in improving the bioavailability of flavonoids in general, and flavones in particular. Clinical trials were also analyzed to provide insight into the potential application of flavonoids in diabetes and inflammatory therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lingchao Miao
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Control in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Macau SAR, China
| | - Conghui Liu
- Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacy, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Meang Sam Cheong
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Control in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Macau SAR, China
| | - Ruting Zhong
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Control in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Macau SAR, China
| | - Yi Tan
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Control in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Macau SAR, China
| | - Kannan R R Rengasamy
- Department of Pharmacology, Saveetha Dental College, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences (SIMATS), Chennai, India
| | - Susan Wai Sum Leung
- Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacy, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Wai San Cheang
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Control in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Macau SAR, China
| | - Jianbo Xiao
- Department of Analytical and Food Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences, Universidade de Vigo, Nutrition and Bromatology Group, Ourense, Spain
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Marasinghe CK, Jung WK, Je JY. Phloroglucinol possesses anti-inflammatory activities by regulating AMPK/Nrf2/HO-1 signaling pathway in LPS-stimulated RAW264.7 murine macrophages. Immunopharmacol Immunotoxicol 2023; 45:571-580. [PMID: 36988555 DOI: 10.1080/08923973.2023.2196602] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2022] [Accepted: 03/24/2023] [Indexed: 03/30/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Inflammation is closely related to the pathogenesis of chronic illnesses. Secondary metabolites of marine seaweeds are recognized as reliable sources of bioactive compounds due to their health benefits besides their nutritional value. The objective of this study was to determine the potential anti-inflammatory effect of phloroglucinol (Phl) in RAW264.7 murine macrophages after lipopolysaccharides (LPS) stimulation. METHODS MTT, nitric oxide (NO), and DCFH-DA assays were conducted to determine cell viability, NO production, and reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation respectively. Pro-inflammatory cytokines and prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) levels were measured using ELISA assay kits. Protein expression levels were determined by western blot analysis. RESULTS Phl treatment showed a promising anti-inflammatory effect by reducing NO production, secretion of pro-inflammatory cytokines (TNF-α, IL-1β, and IL-6), PGE2 production, protein expression levels of inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS), and cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2), and ROS generation in LPS-stimulated RAW264.7 murine macrophages. Phl treatment upregulated heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) expression by inducing nuclear translocation of nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) and activating AMPK. However, Zinc protoporphyrin (ZnPP), an inhibitor of HO-1, partially reversed these effects, including NO production, pro-inflammatory cytokine secretion, iNOS, COX-2 and HO-1 expression, and ROS generation. CONCLUSION Phl has potential anti-inflammatory activities by regulating AMPK/Nrf2/HO-1 pathway in LPS-stimulated RAW264.7 murine macrophages.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Won-Kyo Jung
- Major of Biomedical Engineering, Division of Smart Healthcare, Pukyong National University, Busan, Republic of Korea
- Center for Marine Integrated Bionics Technology, Pukyong National University, Busan, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae-Young Je
- Major of Human Bioconvergence, Division of Smart Healthcare, Pukyong National University, Busan, Republic of Korea
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Gamma irradiation mediated production improvement of some myco-fabricated nanoparticles and exploring their wound healing, anti-inflammatory and acetylcholinesterase inhibitory potentials. Sci Rep 2023; 13:1629. [PMID: 36717680 PMCID: PMC9887004 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-28670-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2022] [Accepted: 01/23/2023] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
In the current scenario, scaling up the microbial production of nanoparticles with diverse biological applications is an emerging prospect for NPs' sustainable industry. Thus, this paper was conducted to develop a suitable applicative process for the myco-fabrication of cobalt-ferrite (CoFeNPs), selenium (SeNPs), and zinc oxide (ZnONPs) nanoparticles. A strain improvement program using gamma irradiation mutagenesis was applied to improve the NPs-producing ability of the fungal strains. The achieved yields of CoFeNPs, SeNPs, and ZnONPs were intensified by a 14.47, 7.85, and 22.25-fold increase from the initial yield following gamma irradiation and isolation of stable mutant strains. The myco-fabricated CoFeNPs, SeNPs, and ZnONPs were then exploited to study their wound healing, and anti-inflammatory. In addition, the acetylcholinesterase inhibition activities of the myco-fabricated NPs were evaluated and analyzed by molecular docking. The obtained results confirmed the promising wound healing, anti-inflammatory, and acetylcholinesterase inhibition potentials of the three types of NPs. Additionally, data from analyzing the interaction of NPs with acetylcholinesterase enzyme by molecular docking were in conformation with the experimental data.
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Eupafolin regulates non-small-cell lung cancer cell proliferation, migration, and invasion by suppressing MMP9 and RhoA via FAK/PI3K/AKT signaling pathway. J Biosci 2023. [DOI: 10.1007/s12038-022-00323-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
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Design, Synthesis, and Biological Evaluation of 3-Substituted-Indolin-2-One Derivatives as Potent Anti-Inflammatory Agents. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24032066. [PMID: 36768389 PMCID: PMC9916847 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24032066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2022] [Revised: 01/15/2023] [Accepted: 01/18/2023] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
This study aimed to synthesize and evaluate the anti-inflammatory activity of 3-substituted-indolin-2-one derivatives. Cell viability of 3-substituted-indolin-2-one derivatives was measured with the EZ-Cytox reagent; interleukin (IL)-6, tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α, and inducible NOS mRNA levels were measured using Taqman qRT-PCR; pro-inflammatory cytokine IL-6 and TNF-α levels were determined using ELISA kits; the phosphorylation of Akt, JNK, ERK, p38, p65, and IκB protein levels were measured by immunoblotting. Among the nineteen 3-substituted-indolin-2-one derivatives synthesized, 3-(3-hydroxyphenyl)-indolin-2-one showed the highest anti-inflammatory activity, inhibiting the nitric oxide production related to inflammation, suppressing the production of TNF-α and IL-6 in a concentration-dependent manner and mRNA expression. Moreover, 3-(3-hydroxyphenyl)-indolin-2-one significantly inhibited lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced signal pathways such as the Akt, MAPK, and NF-κB signaling pathways. Our findings revealed that a 3-substituted-indolin-2-one derivative, 3-(3-hydroxyphenyl)-indolin-2-one, possesses excellent anti-inflammatory activity and can be considered for future research.
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Hao DC, Lyu HY, Wang F, Xiao PG, Xiao PG. Evaluating Potentials of Species Rich Taxonomic Groups in Cosmetics and Dermatology: Clustering and Dispersion of Skin Efficacy of Asteraceae and Ranunculales Plants on the Species Phylogenetic Tree. Curr Pharm Biotechnol 2023; 24:279-298. [PMID: 35331107 DOI: 10.2174/1389201023666220324123926] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2021] [Revised: 01/14/2022] [Accepted: 01/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The medicinal properties of plants can be predicted by virtue of phylogenetic methods, which nevertheless have not been utilized to explore the regularity of skin-related bioactivities of ethnomedicinal plants. We aim to investigate the distribution of skin efficacy of Asteraceae and Ranunculales plants on the species-level Tree of Life. METHODS The clinical efficacy data of 551 ethnomedicinal species belonging to Ranunculales, as well as 579 ethnomedicinal species of Asteraceae, were systematically collected and collated; these therapeutic data fell into 15 categories, including skin disease/cosmeceutical. The large phylogenetic tree of all China angiosperm species was used to detect the phylogenetic signals of ethnomedicinal plants by calculating the D statistic, phylogenetic diversity (PD), net relatedness index (NRI), and nearest taxon index (NTI). Of all Chinese ethnomedicinal plants of Ranunculales and Asteraceae, 339 (61.5% of all ethnomedicinal species) and 382 (66.0% of all) are used for skin problems. In Ranunculales, a clustered structure was suggested by the NRI value for skin uses. In Asteraceae, the skin utility was not clustered; Artemisia, Aster, Cremanthodium, Ligularia, and Saussurea are the most used Asteraceae genera for skin issues. RESULTS The clustering structure was identified in Artemisia, and the skin efficacy in other genera was of overdispersion (NRI < 0). NTI values and D statistics largely agree with NRI. When compared with PD values of different therapeutic categories, the PD value of the skin category was relatively high in Cremanthodium, Ranunculales, Asteraceae, and Artemisia, suggesting the enormous efficacy space in the new taxa of these taxonomic groups. CONCLUSION By resolving the distribution of therapeutic effects of Ranunculales/Asteraceae taxa, the importance of phylogenetic methods in mining botanical resources with skin utilities is validated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Da-Cheng Hao
- Biotechnology Institute, School of Environment and Chemical Engineering, Dalian Jiaotong University, Dalian, 116028, China.,Institute of Molecular Plant Science, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, EH9 3BF, UK
| | - Huai-Yu Lyu
- Biotechnology Institute, School of Environment and Chemical Engineering, Dalian Jiaotong University, Dalian, 116028, China
| | - Fan Wang
- Biotechnology Institute, School of Environment and Chemical Engineering, Dalian Jiaotong University, Dalian, 116028, China
| | - Pei-Gen Xiao
- Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Pei-Gen Xiao
- Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing 100193, China
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Inhibition of monoamine oxidase B reduces atherosclerosis and fatty liver in mice. Clin Sci (Lond) 2023; 137:17-30. [PMID: 36416117 PMCID: PMC9810528 DOI: 10.1042/cs20220477] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2022] [Revised: 11/05/2022] [Accepted: 11/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Oxidative stress is vital for pathophysiology of atherosclerosis and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). Monoamine oxidase (MAO) is an important source of oxidative stress in the vascular system and liver. However, the effect of MAO inhibition on atherosclerosis and NAFLD has not been explored. In the present study, MAO A and B expressions were increased in atherosclerotic plaques in human and apolipoprotein E (ApoE)-deficient mice. Inhibition of MAO B (by deprenyl), but not MAO A (by clorgyline), reduced the atheroma area in the thoracic aorta and aortic sinus in ApoE-deficient mice fed the cholesterol-enriched diet for 15 weeks. MAO B inhibition attenuated oxidative stress, expression of adhesion molecules, production of inflammatory cytokines, and macrophage infiltration in atherosclerotic plaques and decreased plasma triglyceride and low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol concentrations. MAO B inhibition had no therapeutic effect on restenosis in the femoral artery wire-induced injury model in C57BL/6 mice. In the NAFLD mouse model, MAO B inhibition reduced lipid droplet deposition in the liver and hepatic total cholesterol and triglyceride levels in C57BL/6 mice fed high-fat diets for 10 weeks. Key enzymes for triglyceride and cholesterol biosynthesis (fatty acid synthase and 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-CoA reductase, HMGCR) and inflammatory markers were inhibited, and cholesterol clearance was up-regulated (increased LDL receptor expression and reduced proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 9, PCSK9, expression) by MAO B inhibition in the liver. These results were also demonstrated in the HepG2 liver cell model. Our data suggest that MAO B inhibition is a potential and novel treatment for atherosclerosis and NAFLD.
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Marasinghe CK, Jung WK, Je JY. Anti-inflammatory action of ark shell (Scapharca subcrenata) protein hydrolysate in LPS-stimulated RAW264.7 murine macrophages. J Food Biochem 2022; 46:e14493. [PMID: 36309949 DOI: 10.1111/jfbc.14493] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2022] [Revised: 10/17/2022] [Accepted: 10/19/2022] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
Potential anti-inflammatory effects of ark shell (Scapharca subcrenata) protein hydrolysates were investigated. Ark shell protein hydrolysates were prepared using Alcalase® and pepsin and were designated ASAH and ASPH, respectively. The nitric oxide (NO) inhibitory activity of ASAH and ASPH was determined in lipopolysaccharides (LPS)-stimulated RAW264.7 murine macrophages, and the results showed that ASAH inhibited better NO inhibitory activity than ASPH. ASAH suppressed inflammatory mediator, a prostaglandin E2, secretion of pro-inflammatory cytokines (TNF-α, IL-1β, and IL-6), and production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) dose dependently. It inhibited the protein expression of inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) and cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) and simulated heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) protein expression. However, the pharmacological approach revealed that pretreatment with zinc protoporphyrin ІX (ZnPP), an inhibitor of HO-1, reversed the anti-inflammatory effect of ASAH. Moreover, ASAH upregulated phosphorylation of mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPKs) including ERK1/2, JNK1/2, and p38 MAPK. To find out the role of MAPKs phosphorylation, MAPKs inhibitors were used, and the results showed that ASAH-mediated HO-1 protein expression and Nrf2 nuclear translocation were abolished. Taken all together, this study revealed that ASAH has a potential anti-inflammatory activity through regulation of the MAPK-dependent HO-1/Nrf2 pathway. PRACTICAL APPLICATIONS: Food-derived marine bioactive peptides, due to their pivotal role in biological activities, are gaining much attention recently. However, the anti-inflammatory activities of ark shell protein hydrolysates still remain to be investigated. This study investigated that ASAH shows potential anti-inflammatory activities through regulation of the MAPK-dependent HO-1/Nrf2 pathway in RAW264.7 murine macrophages. These findings indicated that ASAH may be used as a dietary supplement, functional food, and medicinal drug for the management of inflammation and inflammation-associated diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Won-Kyo Jung
- Major of Biomedical Engineering, Division of Smart Healthcare, Pukyong National University, Busan, Republic of Korea.,Center for Marine Integrated Bionics Technology, Pukyong National University, Busan, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae-Young Je
- Major of Human Bioconvergence, Division of Smart Healthcare, Pukyong National University, Busan, Republic of Korea
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Wistin Exerts an Anti-Inflammatory Effect via Nuclear Factor-κB and p38 Signaling Pathways in Lipopolysaccharide-Stimulated RAW264.7 Cells. Molecules 2022; 27:molecules27175719. [PMID: 36080491 PMCID: PMC9457767 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27175719] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2022] [Revised: 09/02/2022] [Accepted: 09/02/2022] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
Abstract
Inflammation is an immune response to cellular damage caused by various stimuli (internal or external) and is essential to human health. However, excessive inflammatory responses may be detrimental to the host. Considering that the existing drugs for the treatment of inflammatory diseases have various side effects, such as allergic reactions, stomach ulcers, and cardiovascular problems, there is a need for research on new anti-inflammatory agents with low toxicity and fewer side effects. As 4′,6-dimethoxyisoflavone-7-O-β-d-glucopyranoside (wistin) is a phytochemical that belongs to an isoflavonoid family, we investigated whether wistin could potentially serve as a novel anti-inflammatory agent. In this study, we found that wistin significantly reduced the production of nitric oxide and intracellular reactive oxygen species in lipopolysaccharide-stimulated RAW 264.7 cells. Moreover, wistin reduced the mRNA levels of pro-inflammatory enzymes (inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) and cyclooxygenase (COX-2)) and cytokines (interleukin (IL)-1β and IL-6) and significantly reduced the protein expression of pro-inflammatory enzymes (iNOS and COX-2). Furthermore, wistin reduced the activation of the nuclear factor-κB and p38 signaling pathways. Together, these results suggest that wistin is a prospective candidate for the development of anti-inflammatory drugs.
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Romo-Rico J, Krishna SM, Bazaka K, Golledge J, Jacob MV. Potential of plant secondary metabolite-based polymers to enhance wound healing. Acta Biomater 2022; 147:34-49. [PMID: 35649506 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2022.05.043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2021] [Revised: 05/23/2022] [Accepted: 05/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/01/2022]
Abstract
There is a global epidemic of non-healing wounds. Chronic inflammation, overexpression of pro-inflammatory cytokines, oxidative stress and bacterial infection are implicated in delayed wound healing. Natural extracts are a rich source of bioactive molecules called plant secondary metabolites (PSMs) that include terpenes and phenols. These molecules may facilitate wound healing through their antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and antibacterial activity. After briefly outlining the process of wound healing and how it is compromised in chronic wounds, this review focuses on investigating how PSMs-based polymers may improve wound healing. Best methods for incorporating PSMs into wound dressings are reviewed and critically compared. The exiting body of literature strongly suggests that PSMs-based polymers incorporated into wound dressings could have clinical value in aiding wound healing. STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE: Chronic wounds develop by the persistence of inflammation, oxidative stress and infection. Chronic wounds affect the worldwide population, by reducing quality of life of patients with significant cost to healthcare systems. To help chronic wounds to heal and overcome this burden, materials with anti-inflammatory, antioxidant and antibacterial properties are required. Plant secondary metabolites (PSMs) are volatile materials that have all these properties. PSMs-based polymers can be fabricated by polymerization techniques. The present review provides an overview of the state-of-the-art of the wound healing mechanisms of PSMs. Current developments in the field of PSMs-based polymers are reviewed and their potential use as wound dressings is also covered.
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Lee KM, Park T, Kim MS, Park JS, Chi WJ, Kim SY. Anti-inflammatory Activities of 7,8-Dihydroxy-4-Methylcoumarin Acetylation Products via NF-κB and MAPK Pathways in LPS-Stimulated RAW 264.7 Cells. Nat Prod Commun 2022. [DOI: 10.1177/1934578x221086893] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Coumarins are phenolic compounds that are characterized by fused benzene and α-pyrone rings. Among coumarin-based compounds, 7,8-dihydroxy-4-methylcoumarin (DHMC) has anti-inflammatory activities, but whether the level of this activity varies according to the degree of acetylation remains unknown. Therefore, we acetylated DHMC to yield monoacetylated 8-acetoxy-4-methylcoumarin (8AMC) and 7,8-diacetoxy-4-methylcoumarin (DAMC). We then compared the anti-inflammatory activities of DHMC with its acetylated derivatives and discovered a novel anti-inflammatory agent. We evaluated whether DHMC, 8AMC, and DAMC could inhibit lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced stimulation in RAW 264.7 cells. We found that DHMC, 8AMC, and DAMC induced a dose-dependent downregulation of nitric oxide (NO), prostaglandin E2 (PGE2), pro-inflammatory cytokine, inducible NO synthase (iNOS), and cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) expression at the mRNA and protein levels. Western blotting showed that DHMC, 8AMC, and DAMC inhibited phosphorylated mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAK), extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK), c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK), p38, and nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-κB) expression in a concentration-dependent manner. Furthermore, 8AMC was the most effective inhibitor with powerful anti-inflammatory activity. These results indicate that acetylation can improve the anti-inflammatory activity of natural precursors. We also discovered the new anti-inflammatory compounds 8AMC and DAMC.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Min-Seon Kim
- Natural Product Informatics Research Center, KIST Gangneung Institute of Natural Products, Korea Institute of Science and Technology (KIST), Gangwon-do, Korea
| | - Jin-Soo Park
- Natural Product Informatics Research Center, KIST Gangneung Institute of Natural Products, Korea Institute of Science and Technology (KIST), Gangwon-do, Korea
| | - Won-Jae Chi
- Microorganism Resources Division Biological Resources Research Department, National Institute of Biological Resource, Incheon, South Korea
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Gan XX, Zhong LK, Shen F, Feng JH, Li YY, Li SJ, Cai WS, Xu B. Network Pharmacology to Explore the Molecular Mechanisms of Prunella vulgaris for Treating Hashimoto's Thyroiditis. Front Pharmacol 2021; 12:700896. [PMID: 34690752 PMCID: PMC8527019 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2021.700896] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2021] [Accepted: 08/25/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose:Prunella vulgaris (PV), a traditional Chinese medicine, has been used to treat patients with thyroid disease for centuries in China. The purpose of the present study was to investigate its bioactive ingredients and mechanisms against Hashimoto’s thyroiditis (HT) using network pharmacology and molecular docking technology to provide some basis for experimental research. Methods: Ingredients of the PV formula were retrieved from the Traditional Chinese Medicine Systems Pharmacology (TCMSP) database. Additionally, HT-related genes were retrieved from the UniProt and GeneCards databases. Cytoscape constructed networks for visualization. A protein–protein interaction (PPI) network analysis was constructed, and a PPI network was built using the Search Tool for the Retrieval of Interacting Genes (STRING) database. These key targets of PV were enriched and analyzed by molecular docking verification, Gene Ontology (GO), and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) enrichment. Results: The compound–target network included 11 compounds and 66 target genes. Key targets contained Jun proto-oncogene (JUN), hsp90aa1.1 (AKI), mitogen-activated protein kinase 1 (MAPK1), and tumor protein p53 (TP53). The main pathways included the AGE-RAGE signaling pathway, the TNF signaling pathway, the PI3K–Akt signaling pathway, and the mitogen-activated protein kinase signaling pathway. The molecular docking results revealed that the main compound identified in the Prunella vulgaris was luteolin, followed by kaempferol, which had a strong affinity for HT. Conclusion: Molecular docking studies indicated that luteolin and kaempferol were bioactive compounds of PV and might play an essential role in treating HT by regulating multiple signaling pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Xiong Gan
- Department of Thyroid Surgery, Guangzhou First People's Hospital, School of Medicine, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, China
| | - Lin-Kun Zhong
- Department of General Surgery, Zhongshan City People's Hospital Affiliated to Sun Yat-sen University, Zhongshan, China
| | - Fei Shen
- Department of Thyroid Surgery, Guangzhou First People's Hospital, School of Medicine, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jian-Hua Feng
- Department of Thyroid Surgery, Guangzhou First People's Hospital, School of Medicine, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, China
| | - Ya-Yi Li
- Department of Thyroid Surgery, Guangzhou First People's Hospital, School of Medicine, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, China
| | - Si-Jing Li
- Department of Thyroid Surgery, Guangzhou First People's Hospital, School of Medicine, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, China
| | - Wen-Song Cai
- Department of Thyroid Surgery, Guangzhou First People's Hospital, School of Medicine, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, China
| | - Bo Xu
- Department of Thyroid Surgery, Guangzhou First People's Hospital, School of Medicine, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, China
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Yin L, Shi C, Zhang Z, Wang W, Li M. Formosanin C attenuates lipopolysaccharide-induced inflammation through nuclear factor-κB inhibition in macrophages. THE KOREAN JOURNAL OF PHYSIOLOGY & PHARMACOLOGY : OFFICIAL JOURNAL OF THE KOREAN PHYSIOLOGICAL SOCIETY AND THE KOREAN SOCIETY OF PHARMACOLOGY 2021; 25:395-401. [PMID: 34448457 PMCID: PMC8405437 DOI: 10.4196/kjpp.2021.25.5.395] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2021] [Revised: 04/19/2021] [Accepted: 05/06/2021] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Extended inflammation and cytokine production pathogenically contribute to a number of inflammatory disorders. Formosanin C (FC) is the major diosgenin saponin found in herb Paris formosana Hayata (Liliaceae), which has been shown to exert anti-cancer and immunomodulatory functions. In this study, we aimed to investigate anti-inflammatory activity of FC and the underlying molecular mechanism. RAW264.7 macrophages were stimulated with lipopolysaccharide (LPS) or pre-treated with FC prior to being stimulated with LPS. Thereafter, the macrophages were subjected to analysis of the expression levels of pro-inflammatory mediators, including nitric oxide (NO), prostaglandin E2 (PGE), tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), interleukin-1β (IL-1β), and IL-6, as well as two relevant enzymes, inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS), and cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2). The analysis revealed that FC administration blunted LPS-induced production of NO and PGE in a dose-dependent manner, while the expression of iNOS and COX-2 at both mRNA and protein levels was inhibited in LPS-stimulated macrophages pre-treated with FC. Moreover, LPS stimulation upregulated mRNA expression and medium release of TNF-α, IL-1β, and IL-6, whereas this effect was blocked upon FC pre-administration. Mechanistic studies showed that inhibitory effects of FC on LPS-induced inflammation were associated with a downregulation of IκB kinase, IκB, and p65/NF-κB pathway. Taken together, these data suggest that FC possesses an inflammation-suppressing activity, thus being a potential agent for the treatment of inflammation-associated disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Limin Yin
- Department of Pharmacy Intravenous Admixture Services, First People's Hospital of Wenling, Wenling 317500, P.R. China
| | - Chaohong Shi
- Department of Rehabilitation Center, First People's Hospital of Wenling, Wenling 317500, P.R. China
| | - Zhongchen Zhang
- Department of Gastroenterology, First People's Hospital of Wenling, Wenling 317500, P.R. China
| | - Wensheng Wang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, First People's Hospital of Wenling, Wenling 317500, P.R. China
| | - Ming Li
- Department of Pharmacy Intravenous Admixture Services, First People's Hospital of Wenling, Wenling 317500, P.R. China
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16
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Neuroprotective and anti-neuroinflammatory effects of ethanolic extract from leaves and stems of Aster glehni. J Funct Foods 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jff.2021.104400] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
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17
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Ishikawa S, Sawamoto A, Okuyama S, Nakajima M. T-Cell Activation-Inhibitory Assay to Screen Caloric Restriction Mimetics Drugs for Drug Repositioning. Biol Pharm Bull 2021; 44:550-556. [PMID: 33790105 DOI: 10.1248/bpb.b20-00889] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
We previously reported a screening method for caloric restriction mimetics (CRM), a group of plant-derived compounds capable of inducing good health and longevity. In the present study, we explored the possibility of using this method to screen CRM drugs for drug repositioning. The method, T-cell activation-inhibitory assay, is based on inductive logic. Most of CRM such as resveratrol have been reported to suppress T-cell activation and have anti-inflammatory functions. Here, we assessed the activity of 12 antiallergic drugs through T-cell activation-inhibitory assay and selected four that showed the lowest IC50 values-ibudilast (IC50 0.97 µM), azelastine (IC50 7.2 µM), epinastine (IC50 16 µM), and amlexanox (IC50 33 µM)-for further investigation. Because azelastine showed high cytotoxicity, we selected only the remaining three drugs to study their biological functions. We found that all the three drugs suppressed the expression of interleukin (IL)-6, an inflammatory cytokine, in lipopolysaccharide-treated macrophage cells, with ibudilast being the strongest suppressor. Ibudilast also suppressed the secretion of another inflammatory cytokine, tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α, and the expression of an inflammatory enzyme, cyclooxygenase-2, in the cells. These results suggest that T-cell activation-inhibitory assay can be used to screen potential CRM drugs having anti-inflammatory functions for the purpose of drug repositioning.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shouma Ishikawa
- Department of Pharmaceutical Pharmacology, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Matsuyama University
| | - Atsushi Sawamoto
- Department of Pharmaceutical Pharmacology, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Matsuyama University
| | - Satoshi Okuyama
- Department of Pharmaceutical Pharmacology, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Matsuyama University
| | - Mitsunari Nakajima
- Department of Pharmaceutical Pharmacology, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Matsuyama University
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18
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Kim HR, Kim S, Lee SW, Sin HS, Kim SY. Protective Effects of Fermented Paprika ( Capsicum annuum L.) on Sodium Iodate-Induced Retinal Damage. Nutrients 2020; 13:nu13010025. [PMID: 33374795 PMCID: PMC7824181 DOI: 10.3390/nu13010025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2020] [Revised: 12/15/2020] [Accepted: 12/21/2020] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Diseases of the outer retina, including age-related macular degeneration (AMD), are major cause of permanent visual damage. The pathogenesis of AMD involves oxidative stress and damage of the retinal pigment epithelium. Capsicum annuum L. (paprika) fruits have been known as a source of vitamins, carotenoids, phenolic compounds, and metabolites with a well-known antioxidant activity, which have positive effects on human health and protection against AMD and cataracts. In this study, we investigated whether paprika (fermented (FP), yellow, and orange colored) fermented with Lactobacillus (L.) plantarum could increase the protective effect of retinal degeneration using in vitro and in vivo models. FP significantly increased cell survival and reduced levels of lactate dehydrogenase as well as intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) increase in SI (sodium iodate, NaIO3)-treated human retinal pigment epithelial (ARPE-19) cells. We developed a model of retinal damage in C57BL/6 mice using SI (30 mg/kg) via intraperitoneal injection. Seven days after SI administration, deformation and a decrease in thickness were observed in the outer nuclear layer, but improved by FP treatment. FP administration protected the SI-mediated reduction of superoxide dismutase and glutathione levels in the serum and ocular tissues of mice. The overproduction of cleaved poly(ADP-Ribose) Polymerase (PARP)1, caspase-3 and -8 proteins were significantly protected by FP in SI-treated cells and ocular tissues. In addition, we evaluated the potentiating effects of FP on antioxidants and their underlying mechanisms in RAW 264.7 cells. Lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced nitrite increase was markedly blocked by FP treatment in RAW 264.7 cells. Furthermore, FP reduced LPS-induced inducible nitric oxide synthase and cyclooxygenase-2 activation. The FP also enhanced the inhibitory effects on mitogen activated kinase signaling protein activation in ARPE-19 and RAW 264.7 cells and ocular tissues. There was no significant difference in total phenol and flavonoid content in paprika by fermentation, but the vitamin C content was increased in orange colored paprika, and protective effect against oxidative stress-mediated retinal damage was enhanced after fermentation. These results suggest that FP may be a potential candidate to protect against retinal degenerative diseases through the regulation of oxidative stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ha-Rim Kim
- Jeonju AgroBio-Materials Institute, Wonjangdong-gil 111-27, Deokjin-gu, Jeonju-si, Jeollabuk-do 54810, Korea; (H.-R.K.); (S.K.)
| | - Sol Kim
- Jeonju AgroBio-Materials Institute, Wonjangdong-gil 111-27, Deokjin-gu, Jeonju-si, Jeollabuk-do 54810, Korea; (H.-R.K.); (S.K.)
| | - Sang-Wang Lee
- Chebigen Co., Ltd., Jeonju 54853, Korea; (S.-W.L.); (H.-S.S.)
| | - Hong-Sig Sin
- Chebigen Co., Ltd., Jeonju 54853, Korea; (S.-W.L.); (H.-S.S.)
| | - Seon-Young Kim
- Jeonju AgroBio-Materials Institute, Wonjangdong-gil 111-27, Deokjin-gu, Jeonju-si, Jeollabuk-do 54810, Korea; (H.-R.K.); (S.K.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +82-63-711-1053
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19
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Meng J, Zhang W, Wang C, Xiong S, Wang Q, Li H, Liu G, Hao Z. The dipeptidyl peptidase (DPP)-4 inhibitor trelagliptin inhibits IL-1β-induced endothelial inflammation and monocytes attachment. Int Immunopharmacol 2020; 89:106996. [DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2020.106996] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2020] [Revised: 09/08/2020] [Accepted: 09/08/2020] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
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20
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Chen X, Yao Z, Peng X, Wu L, Wu H, Ou Y, Lai J. Eupafolin alleviates cerebral ischemia/reperfusion injury in rats via blocking the TLR4/NF‑κB signaling pathway. Mol Med Rep 2020; 22:5135-5144. [PMID: 33173992 PMCID: PMC7646971 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2020.11637] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2020] [Accepted: 09/11/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Eupatorium perfoliatum L. (E. perfoliatium) has been used traditionally for treating fever, malaria and inflammation‑associated diseases. Eupafolin, the extract of E. perfoliatium, was also reported to suppress inflammation. The present study aimed to investigate the protective effects of eupafolin on cerebral ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury in rats and its possible underlying mechanisms. Cerebral I/R injury was induced in rats by middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) for 1.5 h, followed by reperfusion. The rats were randomly assigned into six groups: Control, model, 10 mg/kg eupafolin, 20 mg/kg eupafolin, 50 mg/kg eupafolin and 20 mg/kg nimodipine. Eupafolin and nimodipine were intragastrically administrated to the rats 1 week before MCAO induction. Following reperfusion for 24 h, the neurological deficit was scored, and brain samples were harvested for evaluating encephaledema, infarct volume, oxidative stress, apoptosis, inflammation and the expression of TLR4/NF‑κB signaling. The results revealed that eupafolin decreased the neurological score, relieved encephaledema and decreased infarct volume. Eupafolin also attenuated oxidative stress, neuronal apoptosis and inflammation, with decreases in lactate dehydrogenase, malondialdehyde, TUNEL‑positive cells, Bax and caspase‑3, along with TNF‑α, IL‑1β and IL‑6, but increases in superoxide dismutase and Bcl‑2 levels. Furthermore, eupafolin may decrease the expression of TLR4 downstream proteins and proteins involved in the NF‑κB pathway. Treatment with TLR4 agonist‑LPS significantly blunted the protective effect of eupafolin on encephaledema and cerebral infarct. Meanwhile, 20 mg/kg eupafolin showed nearly equivalent effects to the positive‑control drug nimodipine. In conclusion, eupafolin protected against cerebral I/R injury in rats and the underlying mechanism may be associated with the suppression of apoptosis and inflammation via inhibiting the TLR4/ NF‑κB signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xingwang Chen
- Department of Intensive Care Unit, Shenzhen Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518104, P.R. China
| | - Zhijun Yao
- Department of Intensive Care Unit, Shenzhen Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518104, P.R. China
| | - Xian Peng
- Department of Intensive Care Unit, Shenzhen Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518104, P.R. China
| | - Long Wu
- Department of Intensive Care Unit, Shenzhen Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518104, P.R. China
| | - Huachu Wu
- Department of Intensive Care Unit, Shenzhen Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518104, P.R. China
| | - Yuantong Ou
- Department of Intensive Care Unit, Shenzhen Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518104, P.R. China
| | - Jianbo Lai
- Department of Intensive Care Unit, Shenzhen Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518104, P.R. China
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21
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Della Corte L, Noventa M, Ciebiera M, Magliarditi M, Sleiman Z, Karaman E, Catena U, Salvaggio C, Falzone G, Garzon S. Phytotherapy in endometriosis: an up-to-date review. JOURNAL OF COMPLEMENTARY & INTEGRATIVE MEDICINE 2020; 17:jcim-2019-0084. [PMID: 31532753 DOI: 10.1515/jcim-2019-0084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2019] [Accepted: 07/28/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Endometriosis is a benign gynecological disease which symptoms can provide a severe impact on patient's quality of life with subsequent impact on psychological well-being. Different therapeutic strategies are available to treat this disease, such as surgery, hormonal therapies, and nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs. Nevertheless, the efficacy of conventional medical treatments is limited or intermittent in most of the patients due to the associated side effects. Therefore, a woman with endometriosis often search for additional and alternative options, and phytotherapy might be a promising alternative and complementary strategy. Different medicinal plants, multicomponent herbal preparations, and phytochemicals were investigated for pharmacological proprieties in endometriosis therapy. In most of the cases, the effect on endometriosis was related to phenolic compounds, such as flavonoids and phenolic acids reporting anti-inflammatory, proapoptotic, antioxidant, and immunomodulatory functions. Moreover, some phytochemicals have been related to a strong phytoestrogenic effect modulating the estrogen activity. Although promising, available evidence is based on in vitro and animal models of endometriosis with a limited number of well-performed clinical studies. There are almost none randomized control trials in this area. Therefore, properly constructed clinical trials are mandatory to achieve more conclusive results about the promising role of phytotherapy in the management of endometriosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luigi Della Corte
- Department of Neuroscience, Reproductive Sciences and Dentistry, School of Medicine, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - Marco Noventa
- Department of Women and Children's Health, Clinic of Gynecology and Obstetrics, University of Padua, Padua, Italy
| | - Michal Ciebiera
- Second Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Center of Postgraduate Medical Education, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Maria Magliarditi
- Department of Obstetrics & Gynaecology, Policlinico Universitario Gazzi, University of Messina, Messina, Italy
| | - Zaki Sleiman
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Lebanese American University, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Erbil Karaman
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Yuzuncu Yil University Medical Faculty, Van, Turkey
| | - Ursula Catena
- Division of Gynecologic Oncology, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Calogero Salvaggio
- Azienda Sanitaria Provinciale 2 Caltanissetta, "Sant'Elia" Hospital, Caltanissetta, Italy
| | - Giovanni Falzone
- Obstetrics and Gynaecology Unit, "Umberto I" Hospital, Enna, Italy
| | - Simone Garzon
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, "Filippo Del Ponte" Hospital, University of Insubria, Varese, Italy
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22
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Tazawa K, Kawashima N, Kuramoto M, Noda S, Fujii M, Nara K, Hashimoto K, Okiji T. Transient Receptor Potential Ankyrin 1 Is Up-Regulated in Response to Lipopolysaccharide via P38/Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase in Dental Pulp Cells and Promotes Mineralization. THE AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PATHOLOGY 2020; 190:2417-2426. [PMID: 32919979 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajpath.2020.08.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2020] [Revised: 08/04/2020] [Accepted: 08/24/2020] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Increased expression of the transient receptor potential ankyrin 1 (TRPA1) channel has been detected in carious tooth pulp, suggesting involvement of TRPA1 in defense or repair of this tissue after exogenous noxious stimuli. This study aimed to elucidate the induction mechanism in response to lipopolysaccharide (LPS) stimulation and the function of TRPA1 in dental pulp cells. Stimulation of human dental pulp cells with LPS up-regulated TRPA1 expression, as demonstrated by quantitative RT-PCR and Western blotting. LPS stimulation also promoted nitric oxide (NO) synthesis and p38/mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) phosphorylation. NOR5, an NO donor, up-regulated TRPA1 expression, whereas 1400W, an inhibitor of inducible nitric oxide synthase, and SB202190, a p38/MAPK inhibitor, down-regulated LPS-induced TRPA1 expression. Moreover, JT010, a TRPA1 agonist, increased the intracellular calcium concentration and extracellular signal-regulated kinase 1/2 phosphorylation, and up-regulated alkaline phosphatase mRNA in human dental pulp cells. Icilin-a TRPA1 agonist-up-regulated secreted phosphoprotein 1 mRNA expression and promoted mineralized nodule formation in mouse dental papilla cells. In vivo expression of TRPA1 was detected in odontoblasts along the tertiary dentin of carious teeth. In conclusion, this study demonstrated that LPS stimulation induced TRPA1 via the NO-p38 MAPK signaling pathway and TRPA1 agonists promoted differentiation or mineralization of dental pulp cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kento Tazawa
- Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan.
| | - Nobuyuki Kawashima
- Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan.
| | - Masashi Kuramoto
- Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Sonoko Noda
- Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Mayuko Fujii
- Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Keisuke Nara
- Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kentaro Hashimoto
- Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Takashi Okiji
- Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan
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23
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Wang QQ, Gao H, Yuan R, Han S, Li XX, Tang M, Dong B, Li JX, Zhao LC, Feng J, Yang S. Procyanidin A2, a polyphenolic compound, exerts anti-inflammatory and anti-oxidative activity in lipopolysaccharide-stimulated RAW264.7 cells. PLoS One 2020; 15:e0237017. [PMID: 32756588 PMCID: PMC7406031 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0237017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2020] [Accepted: 07/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Procyandin A2 (PCA2) is a polyphenolic compound which is isolated from grape seeds. It has been reported that PCA2 exhibits antioxidative and anti-inflammatory effects, but its molecular mechanism is still poorly understood. This study tests the hypothesis that PCA2 suppresses lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced inflammation and oxidative stress through targeting the nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB), mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK), and NF-E2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) pathways in RAW264.7 cells. PCA2 (20, 40, 80 μM) exhibited no significant cytotoxicity in RAW264.7 cells and showed an inhibitory effect on an LPS-induced nitrite level. Pro-inflammatory cytokines like tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), interleukin-6 (IL-6), prostaglandin E2 (PGE2), nitric oxide (NO), and reactive oxygen species (ROS) were suppressed by PCA2 with a concentration range of 0–80 μM. The mRNA levels of TNF-α and IL-6 were inhibited by PCA2 (80 μM). The hallmark-protein expression of the NF-κB (p-IKKα/β, p-IκBα, and p-p65) and MAPK (p-p38, p-JNK, and p-ERK) pathways were decreased by PCA2 in LPS-stimulated RAW264.7 cells. In addition, immunofluorescence results indicated that PCA2 (80 μM) promoted the translocation of NF-κB/p65 from the cytoplasm into the nucleus. PCA2 upregulated the expressions of Nrf2 and HO-1 and downregulated the expression of Keap-1. Simultaneously, PCA2 (80 μM) reversed LPS-induced Nrf2 translocation from the nucleus into the cytoplasm. Collectively, PCA2 protect cells against the damage from inflammation and oxidative injury, which suggest a potential therapeutic strategy for inflammatory and oxidative stress through targeting NF-κB, MAPK, and Nrf2 pathways in RAW264.7 cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qin-Qin Wang
- College of Pharmacy, Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanning, China
- Guangxi Engineering Technology Research Center of Advantage Chinese Patent Drug and Ethnic Drug Development, Nanning, China
| | - Hongwei Gao
- College of Pharmacy, Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanning, China
- Guangxi Engineering Technology Research Center of Advantage Chinese Patent Drug and Ethnic Drug Development, Nanning, China
| | - Renyikun Yuan
- College of Pharmacy, Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanning, China
| | - Shan Han
- College of Pharmacy, Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanning, China
- Guangxi Engineering Technology Research Center of Advantage Chinese Patent Drug and Ethnic Drug Development, Nanning, China
| | - Xin-Xing Li
- College of Pharmacy, Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanning, China
- Guangxi Engineering Technology Research Center of Advantage Chinese Patent Drug and Ethnic Drug Development, Nanning, China
| | - Meiwen Tang
- College of Pharmacy, Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanning, China
| | - Baiqing Dong
- College of Public Health and Management, Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanning, China
| | - Jun-Xiu Li
- College of Pharmacy, Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanning, China
- Guangxi Engineering Technology Research Center of Advantage Chinese Patent Drug and Ethnic Drug Development, Nanning, China
| | - Li-Chun Zhao
- College of Pharmacy, Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanning, China
- Guangxi Engineering Technology Research Center of Advantage Chinese Patent Drug and Ethnic Drug Development, Nanning, China
- * E-mail: (LCZ); (JF)
| | - Jianfang Feng
- College of Pharmacy, Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanning, China
- Guangxi Engineering Technology Research Center of Advantage Chinese Patent Drug and Ethnic Drug Development, Nanning, China
- * E-mail: (LCZ); (JF)
| | - Shilin Yang
- College of Pharmacy, Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanning, China
- Guangxi Engineering Technology Research Center of Advantage Chinese Patent Drug and Ethnic Drug Development, Nanning, China
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24
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Tao Q, Du J, Li X, Zeng J, Tan B, Xu J, Lin W, Chen XL. Network pharmacology and molecular docking analysis on molecular targets and mechanisms of Huashi Baidu formula in the treatment of COVID-19. Drug Dev Ind Pharm 2020; 46:1345-1353. [PMID: 32643448 PMCID: PMC7441778 DOI: 10.1080/03639045.2020.1788070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 124] [Impact Index Per Article: 31.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Purpose Huashi Baidu formula (HSBDF) was developed to treat the patients with severe COVID-19
in China. The purpose of this study was to explore its active compounds and demonstrate
its mechanisms against severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2)
through network pharmacology and molecular docking. Methods All the components of HSBDF were retrieved from the pharmacology database of TCM
system. The genes corresponding to the targets were retrieved using UniProt and
GeneCards database. The herb–compound–target network was constructed by Cytoscape. The
target protein–protein interaction network was built using STRING database. The core
targets of HSBDF were analyzed by Gene Ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and
Genomes (KEGG). The main active compounds of HSBDF were docked with SARS-CoV-2 and
angiotensin converting enzyme II (ACE2). Results Compound–target network mainly contained 178 compounds and 272 corresponding targets.
Key targets contained MAPK3, MAPK8, TP53, CASP3, IL6, TNF, MAPK1, CCL2, PTGS2, etc.
There were 522 GO items in GO enrichment analysis (p < .05) and 168 signaling pathways (p < .05) in KEGG, mainly including TNF signaling pathway, PI3K–Akt
signaling pathway, NOD-like receptor signaling pathway, MAPK signaling pathway, and
HIF-1 signaling pathway. The results of molecular docking showed that baicalein and
quercetin were the top two compounds of HSBDF, which had high affinity with ACE2. Conclusion Baicalein and quercetin in HSBDF may regulate multiple signaling pathways through ACE2,
which might play a therapeutic role on COVID-19.
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Affiliation(s)
- Quyuan Tao
- School of Basic Medical Science, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jiaxin Du
- School of Basic Medical Science, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiantao Li
- School of Basic Medical Science, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jingyan Zeng
- The First Clinical School, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Bo Tan
- School of Basic Medical Science, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jianhua Xu
- Medical Laboratory Center, Shunde Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Foshan, China
| | - Wenjia Lin
- School of Basic Medical Science, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xin-Lin Chen
- School of Basic Medical Science, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
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Conditioned media from blue light-emitting diode-exposed fibroblasts have an anti-inflammatory effect in vitro. Lasers Med Sci 2020; 36:99-109. [PMID: 32363436 DOI: 10.1007/s10103-020-03018-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2019] [Accepted: 04/06/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
We have previously reported the protective effects of blue light-emitting diode (BLED)-stimulated cell metabolites on cell injury. To further examine the effect of conditioned media (CM) derived from BLED (5 J/cm2)-exposed human normal fibroblasts (CMBL5) for clinical application, we have used the choline chloride and phenol red-free media and then concentrated CMBL5 using a centrifugal filter unit. The collected CMBL5-lower part (CMBL5-LO) has evaluated the inflammatory protein expression profile in LPS-stimulated RAW264.7 cells. Comprehensive metabolomic profiling of CMBL5-LO was carried out using hybrid tandem mass spectrometry. Treatment with CMBL5-LO showed the cytoprotective effect on apoptotic cell death, but rather increased apoptotic cells after treatment with CMBL5-upper part (CMBL5-UP). In addition, CMBL5-LO inhibited several chemo-attractants, including interleukin (IL)-6, macrophage inflammatory protein (MIP)-2, chemokine (C-C motif) ligand 5 (CCL5), granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (GCSF), and monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1) expression. Pro-inflammatory nitric oxide was decreased after CMBL5-LO treatment, but not by CMBL5-UP treatment. Interestingly, treatment with CMBL5-LO stimulated expression of heme oxygenase-1, indicating its anti-inflammatory property. Most endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress proteins except for transcription factor C/EBP homologous protein (CHOP) were highly expressed after irradiation with BLED in cells. Further studies are needed to examine the precise mechanism by CMBL5-LO in cells.
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Activation of the Nrf2/HO-1 Pathway by Amomum villosum Extract Suppresses LPS-Induced Oxidative Stress In Vitro and Ex Vivo. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2020; 2020:2837853. [PMID: 32454852 PMCID: PMC7218974 DOI: 10.1155/2020/2837853] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2019] [Revised: 03/30/2020] [Accepted: 04/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Despite its deleterious effects on living cells, oxidative stress plays essential roles in normal physiological processes and provides signaling molecules for cell growth, differentiation, and inflammation. Macrophages are equipped with antioxidant mechanisms to cope with intracellular ROS produced during immune response, and Nrf2 (NF-E2-related factor 2)/HO-1 (heme oxygenase-1) pathway is an attractive target due to its protective effect against ROS-induced cell damage in inflamed macrophages. We investigated the effects of ethanol extract of A. villosum (AVEE) on lipopolysaccharide- (LPS-) stimulated inflammatory responses generated via the Nrf2/HO-1 signaling pathway in murine peritoneal macrophages and RAW 264.7 cells. AVEE was found to suppress the NF-κB signaling pathway, thus, to reduce proinflammatory cytokine, nitric oxide, and prostaglandin levels in peritoneal macrophages and Raw 264.7 cells treated with LPS, and to enhance HO-1 expression by activating Nrf2 signaling. Furthermore, these anti-inflammatory effects of AVEE were diminished when cells were pretreated with SnPP (a HO-1 inhibitor). HPLC analysis revealed AVEE contained quercetin, a possible activator of the Nrf2/HO-1 pathway. These results show A. villosum ethanol extract exerts anti-inflammatory effects by activating the Nrf2/HO-1 pathway in LPS-stimulated macrophages.
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Gao Y, Zhang Y, Fan Y. Eupafolin ameliorates lipopolysaccharide-induced cardiomyocyte autophagy via PI3K/AKT/mTOR signaling pathway. IRANIAN JOURNAL OF BASIC MEDICAL SCIENCES 2020; 22:1340-1346. [PMID: 32128100 PMCID: PMC7038429 DOI: 10.22038/ijbms.2019.37748.8977] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
Objective(s): Eupafolin, a major active component of Eupatorium perfoliatum L., has anti-inflammatory and anti-oxidant properties. Lipopolysaccharide (LPS) is responsible for myocardial depression. A line of evidences revealed that LPS induces autophagy in cardiomyocytes injury. This study aims to evaluate the effects of eupafolin on LPS-induced cardiomyocyte autophagy. Materials and Methods: The effect of LPS on cell viability was examined by CCK-8. Autophagic protein 2 light chain 3 (LC3II), which was regulated by LPS and eupafolin, was examined using immunofluorescent staining. The expression levels of Beclin-1 and p62 were detected by western blotting. The effects of eupafolin on phosphatidylinositol-3-kinase/ protein kinase B/ mammalian target of rapamycin (PI3K/AKT/mTOR) signaling pathway were also evaluated by western blotting and immunofluorescent staining. Results: Eupafolin pretreatment reduced the expression of LC3II and Beclin-1, whereas p62 was significant increased. In addition, eupafolin promoted expression of PI3K/AKT/mTOR signaling pathway and mTOR inhibitor rapamycin reversed the inhibitory effects on LPS-induced cardiomyocyte autophagy. Conclusion: Eupafolin exerts anti-autophagy activity via activation of PI3K/AKT/mTOR signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Gao
- Function Testing Lab, Shaanxi Provincial People's Hospital, Xi'an, Shaanxi P.R. China
| | - Yi Zhang
- ICU Department, Shaanxi Provincial People's Hospital. Xi'an, Shaanxi P.R. China
| | - Yangyang Fan
- Obstetrical Department, Shaanxi Provincial People's Hospital. Xi'an, Shaanxi P.R. China
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Kwon KS, Lim H, Kwon YS, Kim MJ, Yoo JH, Yoo NH, Kim HP. Inhibitory Mechanisms of Water Extract of Oplopanax elatus on Lipopolysaccharide-Induced Inflammatory Responses in RAW 264.7 Murine Macrophage Cells. Chin J Integr Med 2020; 26:670-676. [PMID: 31970677 DOI: 10.1007/s11655-020-3188-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/23/2018] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To study the anti-inflammatory action and cellular mechanism of Oplopanax elatus. METHODS A hot water extract of OE (WOE) was prepared and a major constituent, syringin, was successfully isolated. Its content in WOE was found to be 214.0 µg/g dried plant (w/w). Their anti-inflammatory activities were examined using RAW 264.7 macrophages and a mouse model of croton oil-induced ear edema. RESULTS In lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-treated RAW 264.7 cells, a mouse macrophage cell line, WOE was found to significantly and strongly inhibit cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2)-induced prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) production [half maximal inhibitory concentration (IC50)=135.2 µg/mL] and inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS)-induced NO production (IC50=242.9 µg/mL). In the same condition, WOE was revealed to inhibit NO production by down-regulating iNOS expression, mainly by interrupting mitogen activated protein kinases (MAPKs)/activator protein-1 (AP-1) pathway. The activation of all three major MAPKs, p38 MAPK, extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK), and c-Jun N-terminal kinase, was inhibited by WOE (50-300 µg/mL). On the other hand, WOE reduced PGE2 production by inhibiting COX-2 enzyme activity, but did not affect COX-2 expression levels. In addition, WOE inhibited the production of proinflammatory cytokines such as interleukin-6 and tumor necrosis factor-α. In croton oil-induced ear edema in mice, oral administration of WOE (50-300 mg/kg) dose-dependently inhibited edematic inflammation. CONCLUSION Water extract of OE exhibited multiple anti-inflammatory action mechanisms and may have potential for treating inflammatory disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ki Sun Kwon
- College of Pharmacy, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, 24341, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyun Lim
- College of Pharmacy, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, 24341, Republic of Korea
| | - Yong Soo Kwon
- College of Pharmacy, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, 24341, Republic of Korea
| | - Myong Jo Kim
- Department of Bio-Resource Sciences, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, 24341, Republic of Korea
| | - Ji Hye Yoo
- Bioherb Research Institute, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, 24341, Republic of Korea
| | - Nam Ho Yoo
- Department of Bio-Resource Sciences, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, 24341, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyun Pyo Kim
- College of Pharmacy, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, 24341, Republic of Korea.
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Lee JW, Kim YS, Dong X, Park JS, Shin WB, Kim SJ, Go EA, Park PJ. Anti-inflammatory effect of Rhodiola crenulata extracts through the down-regulation of MyD88 dependent pathway and induction of autophagy. J Funct Foods 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jff.2019.103703] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
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Fan X, Tao J, Cai Z, Fredimoses M, Wu J, Jiang Z, Zhang K, Li S. Eupafolin Suppresses Esophagus Cancer Growth by Targeting T-LAK Cell-Originated Protein Kinase. Front Pharmacol 2019; 10:1248. [PMID: 31708778 PMCID: PMC6822407 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2019.01248] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2019] [Accepted: 09/27/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Eupafolin is the main bioactive component extracted from the traditional Chinese medicine Ay Tsao (Artemisia vulgaris L.), and its anti-tumor activity has had been studied in previous researches. T-LAK cell-originated protein kinase (TOPK) belongs to serine/threonine protein kinase and is highly expressed in several cancer cells and tissues, such as colon cancer, lung cancer, esophagus cancer, and so on. Therefore, it was recognized as an important target for treating tumors. Nowadays, we found that eupafolin suppressed TOPK activities at the first time in vitro and in vivo. The cells study indicated that eupafolin suppressed TOPK activities in JB6 Cl41 and KYSE450 cells. Furthermore, knockdown of TOPK in KYSE450 cells decreased their sensitivities to eupafolin. The animal study showed that the injection of eupafolin in patient-derived xenograft (PDX) mouse effectively suppressed tumor growth. Histone H3 and Ki67 were reduced, and cleaved caspase 3 was increased in tumor tissues after eupafolin treatment. To sum up, eupafolin as an TOPK inhibitor can suppress growth of esophagus cancer in vitro and in vivo. The TOPK downstream signaling molecule histone H3 in tumor tissues was also reduced after eupafolin treatment. In short, eupafolin can suppress growth of esophagus cancer cells as an TOPK inhibitor both in vitro and in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoming Fan
- Henan Joint International Research Laboratory of Veterinary Biologics Research and Application, Anyang Institute of Technology, Anyang, China
| | - Junyan Tao
- Institute of Environmental Safety and Human Health, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Zin Cai
- Henan Joint International Research Laboratory of Veterinary Biologics Research and Application, Anyang Institute of Technology, Anyang, China
| | - Mangaladoss Fredimoses
- Laboratory of Natural Product Extraction, China-US (Henan) Hormel Cancer Institute, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Junzi Wu
- College of Basic Medical, Yunnan University of Chinese Medicine, Kunming, China
| | - Zhihui Jiang
- Henan Joint International Research Laboratory of Veterinary Biologics Research and Application, Anyang Institute of Technology, Anyang, China
| | - Kunpeng Zhang
- Henan Joint International Research Laboratory of Veterinary Biologics Research and Application, Anyang Institute of Technology, Anyang, China
| | - Shude Li
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medicine, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China.,Yunnan Province Key Laboratory for Nutrition and Food Safety in Universities, Kunming, Yunnan, China
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Chiu HF, Wang HM, Shen YC, Venkatakrishnan K, Wang CK. Anti-inflammatory properties of fermented pine (Pinus morrisonicola Hay.) needle on lipopolysaccharide-induced inflammation in RAW 264.7 macrophage cells. J Food Biochem 2019; 43:e12994. [PMID: 31659812 DOI: 10.1111/jfbc.12994] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2019] [Revised: 06/13/2019] [Accepted: 07/10/2019] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
This study was aimed to explore the antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activity of various pine needle products (non-fermented, fermented, and commercial) extracted with different solvents (hexane, ethyl acetate, and water) in lipopolysaccharide (LPS) induced RAW 264.7 cells. The phenolic/flavonoid contents of ethyl acetate extract of fermented pine needle (EAE-FPN) is higher than other pine product extracts (hexane/water). The levels of antioxidant indices (TEAC, DPPH) as well as free radical scavenging activity (H2 O2 ) were significantly improved in EAE-FPN than other pine needle product extracts. The levels of ROS and various inflammatory markers (NO, PGE2, TNF-α, and IL-1β/6) were considerably abolished by EAE-FPN in a dose-dependent manner (50-200 μg/ml). Moreover, the protein expressions of inducible NO synthase (iNOS), cyclooxygenase 2 (COX-2), and nuclear factor Kappa B (NF-κB) p65 subunit were also markedly downregulated by EAE-FPN. Collectively, EAE-FPN with phenolic/flavonoid content showed excellent antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties via modulating NF-κB signaling pathway. PRACTICAL APPLICATIONS: Pine needle drink (Pinus morrisonicola Hay) has been used as a functional beverage for many years due to its various biological properties in Asia especially in Taiwan, China, and Korea. Many researchers hinted various biological activity of fermented pine needle product but none of them explored the in-depth mechanism underpinning its antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties in LPS-induced RAW 264.7 cell model. Hence, the current cell line study was designed to assess the underlying mechanism behind the antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activity of Pine needles extract (both non-fermented and fermented) in LPS-induced RAW 264.7 cells (macrophage). The outcome of this study distinctly showed that EAE-FPN displayed potent antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities by regulating NF-κB signaling pathway. Therefore, pine needle could be developed into functional drink to abolish the progression of inflammatory responses in various disease condition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui-Fang Chiu
- Department of Chinese Medicine, Taichung Hospital Ministry of Health and Welfare, Taichung City, ROC
| | - Hung-Ming Wang
- School of Nutrition, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung City, ROC
| | - You-Cheng Shen
- School of Health Diet and Industry Management, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung City, ROC
| | | | - Chin-Kun Wang
- School of Nutrition, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung City, ROC
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Park EJ, Sang-Ngern M, Chang LC, Pezzuto JM. Physalactone and 4β-Hydroxywithanolide E Isolated from Physalis peruviana Inhibit LPS-Induced Expression of COX-2 and iNOS Accompanied by Abatement of Akt and STAT1. JOURNAL OF NATURAL PRODUCTS 2019; 82:492-499. [PMID: 30649869 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jnatprod.8b00861] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
In previous studies, withanolides isolated from Physalis peruviana were found to exhibit anti-inflammatory potential by suppressing nitrite production induced by lipopolysaccharide (LPS) treatment. Currently, we selected two of the most potent compounds, 4β-hydroxywithanolide E (1) and physalactone (2), to examine the underlying mechanism of action. With LPS-stimulated RAW 264.7 cells in culture, the compounds inhibited the mRNA and protein expression of iNOS and COX-2. To determine which upstream signaling proteins were involved in these effects, phosphorylation levels of three mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPKs) including ERK1/2, JNK1/2, and p38, were examined, but found unaffected. Similarly, the degradation of IκBα was not attenuated by the compounds. However, phosphorylation of Akt at the Ser-473 residue was inhibited, as was the phosphorylation of STAT1. Interestingly, the compounds also reduced the protein level of total STAT1, possibly by ubiquitin-dependent protein degradation. In sum, these results indicate the potential of 1 and 2 to mediate anti-inflammatory effects through the unexpected mechanism of inhibiting the transcription of iNOS and COX-2 via Akt- and STAT1-related signaling pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eun-Jung Park
- Arnold and Marie Schwartz College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences , Long Island University , Brooklyn , New York 11201 , United States
- The Daniel K. Inouye College of Pharmacy , University of Hawaìi at Hilo , Hilo , Hawaii 96720 , United States
| | - Mayuramas Sang-Ngern
- The Daniel K. Inouye College of Pharmacy , University of Hawaìi at Hilo , Hilo , Hawaii 96720 , United States
- School of Cosmetic Science , Mae Fah Luang University , Tasud, Muang, Chiang Rai , Thailand
| | - Leng Chee Chang
- The Daniel K. Inouye College of Pharmacy , University of Hawaìi at Hilo , Hilo , Hawaii 96720 , United States
| | - John M Pezzuto
- Arnold and Marie Schwartz College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences , Long Island University , Brooklyn , New York 11201 , United States
- The Daniel K. Inouye College of Pharmacy , University of Hawaìi at Hilo , Hilo , Hawaii 96720 , United States
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Kim JW, Choi HG, Song JH, Kang KS, Shim SH. Bioactive secondary metabolites from an endophytic fungus Phoma sp. PF2 derived from Artemisia princeps Pamp. J Antibiot (Tokyo) 2018; 72:174-177. [PMID: 30542160 DOI: 10.1038/s41429-018-0131-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2018] [Revised: 11/09/2018] [Accepted: 11/13/2018] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
Two new isochromanone derivatives, (3S,4S)-3,8-dihydroxy-6-methoxy-3,4,5-trimethylisochroman-1-one (1) and methyl (S)-8-hydroxy-6-methoxy-5-methyl-4a-(3-oxobutan-2-yl)benzoate (2), together with six known compounds (3‒8) were isolated from the cultures of an endophytic fungus Phoma sp. PF2 obtained from Artemisia princeps. The chemical structures of the isolated compounds were elucidated by interpretation of spectroscopic data (1D, 2D NMR, HRESIMS, and CD) and calculation of ECD. All the isolated compounds (1‒8) showed moderate inhibitory activities on nitric oxide levels in lipopolysaccharide-induced RAW264.7 machrophage cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jung Wha Kim
- College of Pharmacy and Innovative Drug Center, Duksung Women's University, Seoul, 01369, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyun Gyu Choi
- College of Pharmacy and Innovative Drug Center, Duksung Women's University, Seoul, 01369, Republic of Korea
| | - Ji Hoon Song
- College of Korean Medicine, Gachon University, Seongnam, 13120, Republic of Korea
| | - Ki Sung Kang
- College of Korean Medicine, Gachon University, Seongnam, 13120, Republic of Korea
| | - Sang Hee Shim
- College of Pharmacy and Innovative Drug Center, Duksung Women's University, Seoul, 01369, Republic of Korea.
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Kang MC, Ham YM, Heo SJ, Yoon SA, Cho SH, Kwon SH, Jeong MS, Jeon YJ, Sanjeewa K, Yoon WJ, Kim KN. Anti-inflammation effects of 8-oxo-9-octadecenoic acid isolated from Undaria peterseniana in lipopolysaccharide-stimulated macrophage cells. EXCLI JOURNAL 2018; 17:775-783. [PMID: 30190667 PMCID: PMC6123615 DOI: 10.17179/excli2018-1422] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2018] [Accepted: 07/28/2018] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to investigate the anti-inflammatory activity of 8-oxo-9-octadecenoic acid (OOA) isolated from Undaria peterseniana by examining its ability to inhibit the lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced production of inflammatory mediators in RAW 264.7 macrophage cells. We found that OOA significantly suppressed the LPS-induced production of nitric oxide (NO) and inflammatory cytokines. OOA downregulated the LPS-induced expression of inducible nitric oxide synthase and cyclooxygenase-2 proteins. With respect to proinflammatory signaling pathways, OOA inhibited LPS-induced mitogen-activated protein kinase signaling by inhibiting the phosphorylation of c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK) and extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK). Moreover, OOA inhibited LPS-induced nuclear factor (NF)-κB signaling by reducing the phosphorylation of IκB-α and p50 proteins. These results indicate that OOA significantly reduces proinflammatory signaling, which results in reduced expression of cytokines and proinflammatory mediators. Taken together, these results suggest that OOA has potent anti-inflammatory effects and could be considered an effective anti-inflammatory agent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min-Cheol Kang
- Department of Marine Life Sciences, Jeju National University, Jeju 690-756, Republic of Korea
| | - Young-Min Ham
- Jeju Biodiversity Research Institute (JBRI), Jeju Technopark (JTP), Jeju 699-943, Republic of Korea
| | - Soo-Jin Heo
- Jeju International Marine Science Center for Research & Education, Korea Institute of Ocean Science & Technology (KIOST), Jeju 63349, Republic of Korea
| | - Seon-A Yoon
- Jeju Biodiversity Research Institute (JBRI), Jeju Technopark (JTP), Jeju 699-943, Republic of Korea
| | - Su-Hyeon Cho
- Chuncheon Center, Korea Basic Science Institute (KBSI), Chuncheon 200-701, Republic of Korea
| | - Seung-Hae Kwon
- Chuncheon Center, Korea Basic Science Institute (KBSI), Chuncheon 200-701, Republic of Korea
| | - Myeong Seon Jeong
- Chuncheon Center, Korea Basic Science Institute (KBSI), Chuncheon 200-701, Republic of Korea
| | - You-Jin Jeon
- Department of Marine Life Sciences, Jeju National University, Jeju 690-756, Republic of Korea
| | - Kka Sanjeewa
- Department of Marine Life Sciences, Jeju National University, Jeju 690-756, Republic of Korea
| | - Weon-Jong Yoon
- Jeju Biodiversity Research Institute (JBRI), Jeju Technopark (JTP), Jeju 699-943, Republic of Korea
| | - Kil-Nam Kim
- Chuncheon Center, Korea Basic Science Institute (KBSI), Chuncheon 200-701, Republic of Korea
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Li D, Ren W, Jiang Z, Zhu L. Regulation of the NLRP3 inflammasome and macrophage pyroptosis by the p38 MAPK signaling pathway in a mouse model of acute lung injury. Mol Med Rep 2018; 18:4399-4409. [PMID: 30152849 PMCID: PMC6172370 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2018.9427] [Citation(s) in RCA: 101] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2018] [Accepted: 07/25/2018] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Acute lung injury and acute respiratory distress syndrome (ALI/ARDS) is characterized by uncontrolled progressive lung inflammation. Macrophages serve a key role in the pathogenesis of ALI/ARDS. Macrophage pyroptosis is a process of cell death releasing the proinflammatory cytokines interleukin (IL)‑1β and IL‑18. It was hypothesized that macrophage pyroptosis may partially account for the uncontrolled lung inflammation of ALI/ARDS. In the present study, greater macrophage pyroptosis in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)‑treated macrophages and the ALI/ARDS mouse model was observed. The expression of nucleotide‑binding domain, leucine‑rich‑containing family, pyrin domain‑containing (NLRP)3 and IL‑1β and cleavage of caspase‑1 were significantly elevated following LPS treatment accompanied by greater activation of p38 mitogen‑activated protein kinase (MAPK) signaling in vitro and in vivo. However, blocking p38 MAPK signaling through the inhibitor SB203580 significantly suppressed the acute lung injury and excessive lung inflammation in vivo, consistent with the reduced expression of the NLRP3 inflammasome and IL‑1β and cleavage of caspase‑1. Pretreatment of the rat NR8383 macrophage cell line with SB203580 significantly decreased the population of caspase‑1+PI+ pyroptotic cells and expression of NLRP3/IL‑1β. However, a larger population of Annexin V+PI‑ apoptotic cells was observed following blocking of the p38 MAPK signaling pathway. The results indicated that blockage of p38 MAPK signaling pathway skewed macrophage cell death from proinflammatory pyroptosis towards non‑inflammatory apoptosis. These effects may contribute to attenuated acute lung injury and excessive inflammation in the SB203580‑treated mice. The results may provide a novel therapeutic strategy for the treatment of uncontrolled lung inflammation in patients with ALI/ARDS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dandan Li
- Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, P.R. China
| | - Weiying Ren
- Department of Gerontology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, P.R. China
| | - Zhilong Jiang
- Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, P.R. China
| | - Lei Zhu
- Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, P.R. China
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Carvalho AR, Diniz RM, Suarez MAM, Figueiredo CSSES, Zagmignan A, Grisotto MAG, Fernandes ES, da Silva LCN. Use of Some Asteraceae Plants for the Treatment of Wounds: From Ethnopharmacological Studies to Scientific Evidences. Front Pharmacol 2018; 9:784. [PMID: 30186158 PMCID: PMC6110936 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2018.00784] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2018] [Accepted: 06/27/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Severe wounds result in large lesions and/or loss of function of the affected areas. The treatment of wounds has challenged health professionals due to its complexity, especially in patients with chronic diseases (such as diabetes), and the presence of pathogens such as Staphylococcus aureus and Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Taking this into consideration, the development of new therapies for wound healing requires immediate attention. Ethnopharmacological studies performed in different countries have shown the use of several plants from the Asteraceae family as wound-healing agents. Evidences gained from the traditional medicine have opened new ways for the development of novel and more efficient therapies based on the pharmacological properties of these plants. In this article, we discuss the literature data on the use of Asteraceae plants for the treatment of wounds, based on the ethnopharmacological relevance of each plant. Special attention was given to studies showing the mechanisms of action of Asteraceae-derived compounds and clinical trials. Ageratina pichinchensis (Kunth) R.M. King and H. Rob. and Calendula officinalis L. preparations/compounds were found to show good efficacy when assessed in clinical trials of complicated wounds, including venous leg ulcers and foot ulcers of diabetic patients. The compounds silibinin [from Silybum marianum (L.) Gaertn.] and jaceosidin (from Artemisia princeps Pamp.) were identified as promising compounds for the treatment of wounds. Overall, we suggest that Asteraceae plants represent important sources of compounds that may act as new and efficient healing products.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Roseana M Diniz
- Programa de Pós-Graduação, Universidade Ceuma, São Luís, Brazil
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Chen X, Han R, Hao P, Wang L, Liu M, Jin M, Kong D, Li X. Nepetin inhibits IL-1β induced inflammation via NF-κB and MAPKs signaling pathways in ARPE-19 cells. Biomed Pharmacother 2018; 101:87-93. [PMID: 29477475 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2018.02.054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2017] [Revised: 02/08/2018] [Accepted: 02/13/2018] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUNDS Chronic inflammation in retinal pigment epithelial (RPE) cells is related to the pathogenesis of retinal inflammatory blind causing diseases such as age-related macular degeneration (AMD) and diabetic retinopathy (DR). Nepetin, a natural flavonoid compound, has shown potent anti-inflammatory activities but has not been studied on ocular resident cells yet. Here, we assess the ability of Nepetin to alleviate the inflammatory responses of ARPE-19 cells induced by interleukin (IL)-1β. METHODS The secretion and mRNA expression of inflammatory cytokines IL-6, IL-8 and monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1) induced by IL-1β are measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) respectively. To clarify the underlying action mechanism, we examine the effect of Nepetin on activation of nuclear factor of kappa B (NF-κB) and mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) signaling pathways using Western blot. RESULTS Nepetin can significantly decrease the three inflammatory mediators at both protein and mRNA level in a dose-dependent manner. Western blot results show that Nepetin can decrease the nuclear translocation of p65 through suppressing phosphorylation of inhibitor of nuclear factor kappa B (IκB) and IκB kinase (IKK). Also, Nepetin can decrease the phosphorylation of extracellular signal-regulated kinases (ERK) 1/2, c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK) and p38 MAPK. CONCLUSIONS Taken together, Nepetin abolishes IL-1β-induced IL-6, IL-8 and MCP-1 secretion and mRNA expression by repressing the activation of NF-κB and MAPKs. These results indicate that Nepetin shows potential to be used for prevention and treatment of inflammatory retinal diseases or as a lead compound.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xi Chen
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Tianjin Eye Institute, Tianjin Eye Hospital, Tianjin 300020, China; Clinical College of Ophthalmology, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300020, China; Nankai University Affiliated Eye Hospital, Nankai University, Tianjin 300020, China; Tianjin Key Laboratory on Technologies Enabling Development of Clinical Therapeutics and Diagnostics, School of Pharmacy, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300070, China
| | - Ruifang Han
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Tianjin Eye Institute, Tianjin Eye Hospital, Tianjin 300020, China; Clinical College of Ophthalmology, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300020, China; Nankai University Affiliated Eye Hospital, Nankai University, Tianjin 300020, China
| | - Peng Hao
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Tianjin Eye Institute, Tianjin Eye Hospital, Tianjin 300020, China; Clinical College of Ophthalmology, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300020, China; Nankai University Affiliated Eye Hospital, Nankai University, Tianjin 300020, China
| | - Liming Wang
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Tianjin Eye Institute, Tianjin Eye Hospital, Tianjin 300020, China; Clinical College of Ophthalmology, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300020, China; Nankai University Affiliated Eye Hospital, Nankai University, Tianjin 300020, China
| | - Meixin Liu
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Tianjin Eye Institute, Tianjin Eye Hospital, Tianjin 300020, China; Clinical College of Ophthalmology, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300020, China; Nankai University Affiliated Eye Hospital, Nankai University, Tianjin 300020, China
| | - Meihua Jin
- Tianjin Key Laboratory on Technologies Enabling Development of Clinical Therapeutics and Diagnostics, School of Pharmacy, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300070, China
| | - Dexin Kong
- Tianjin Key Laboratory on Technologies Enabling Development of Clinical Therapeutics and Diagnostics, School of Pharmacy, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300070, China; Research Center of Basic Medical Sciences, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300070, China
| | - Xuan Li
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Tianjin Eye Institute, Tianjin Eye Hospital, Tianjin 300020, China; Clinical College of Ophthalmology, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300020, China; Nankai University Affiliated Eye Hospital, Nankai University, Tianjin 300020, China.
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Dong J, Qu Y, Li J, Cui L, Wang Y, Lin J, Wang H. Cortisol inhibits NF-κB and MAPK pathways in LPS activated bovine endometrial epithelial cells. Int Immunopharmacol 2018; 56:71-77. [PMID: 29367089 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2018.01.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2017] [Revised: 01/11/2018] [Accepted: 01/16/2018] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
The bovine uterus is subject to infection after calving, which may lead to endometritis. Elevated cortisol levels have been observed in postpartum cattle. However, the role of cortisol in the inflammatory response of the uterus has not been reported. The aim of this study was to investigate the anti-inflammatory effects of cortisol on lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced primary bovine endometrial epithelial cells (BEECs). BEECs were treated with various concentrations of cortisol (5, 15 and 30 ng/mL) in the presence of LPS. The mRNA expression of TLR4 and proinflammatory cytokines was measured with qPCR. The activation of NF-κB and MAPK signalling pathways was detected with Western blotting and immunofluorescence. Cortisol induced the down-regulation of the mRNA expression of toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) and proinflammatory cytokines, including interleukin (IL)-1β, IL-6, IL-8, tumour necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) and inducible NO synthase (iNOS). Cortisol inhibited the activity of nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) via blocking the phosphorylation and degradation of IκB. Cortisol suppressed the phosphorylation of mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK), including extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK1/2), p38MAPK and c-Jun N-terminal kinase/stress-activated protein kinase (JNK). These results demonstrated that cortisol may exert its anti-inflammatory actions by regulating NF-κB activation and MAPK phosphorylation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junsheng Dong
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu 225009, China; Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou, Jiangsu 225009, China
| | - Yang Qu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu 225009, China; Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou, Jiangsu 225009, China
| | - Jianji Li
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu 225009, China; Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou, Jiangsu 225009, China
| | - Luying Cui
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu 225009, China; Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou, Jiangsu 225009, China
| | - Yefan Wang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu 225009, China; Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou, Jiangsu 225009, China
| | - Jiaqi Lin
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu 225009, China; Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou, Jiangsu 225009, China
| | - Heng Wang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu 225009, China; Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou, Jiangsu 225009, China.
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39
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Protostemonine effectively attenuates lipopolysaccharide-induced acute lung injury in mice. Acta Pharmacol Sin 2018; 39:85-96. [PMID: 29047459 DOI: 10.1038/aps.2017.131] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2017] [Accepted: 06/02/2017] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Protostemonine (PSN) is the main anti-inflammatory alkaloid extracted from the roots of Stemona sessilifolia (known as "Baibu" in traditional Chinese medicine). Here, we reported the inhibitory effects of PSN on lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced macrophage activation in vitro and LPS-induced acute lung injury in mice. Macrophage cell line RAW264.7 cells and mouse bone marrow-derived macrophages (BMDMs) were treated with PSN (1, 3, 10, 30 and 100 μmol/L) for 0.5 h and then challenged with LPS (0.1 μg/mL) for 24 h. Pretreatment with PSN significantly inhibited LPS-induced phosphorylation of MAPKs and AKT, iNOS expression and NO production in the macrophages. C57BL/6 mice were intratracheally injected with LPS (5 mg/kg) to induce acute lung injury (ALI). The mice were subsequently treated with PSN (10 mg/kg, ip) at 4 and 24 h after LPS challenge. PSN administration significantly attenuated LPS-induced inflammatory cell infiltration, reduced pro-inflammatory cytokine (TNF-α, IL-1β and IL-6) production and eliminated LPS-mediated lung edema. Furthermore, PSN administration significantly inhibited LPS-induced pulmonary MPO activity. Meanwhile, LPS-induced phosphorylation of p38 MAPK, iNOS expression and NO production in the lungs were also suppressed. The results demonstrate that PSN effectively attenuates LPS-induced inflammatory responses in vitro and in vivo; the beneficial effects are associated with the decreased phosphorylation of MAPK and AKT and the reduced expression of pro-inflammatory mediators, such as iNOS, NO and cytokines. These data suggest that PSN may be a potential therapeutic agent in the treatment of ALI.
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Chen CC, Kao CP, Chiu MM, Wang SH. The anti-cancer effects and mechanisms of Scutellaria barbata D. Don on CL1-5 lung cancer cells. Oncotarget 2017; 8:109340-109357. [PMID: 29312612 PMCID: PMC5752525 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.22677] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2017] [Accepted: 10/29/2017] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Lung cancer, with a poor prognosis and resistance to chemotherapy, is the most common malignant tumor and has the highest mortality rate worldwide. Scutellaria barbata D. Don (SB), which is derived from the dried whole plant of Labiatae, is a well-known anti-inflammatory and anti-cancer herb. The aim of this study was to examine the anti-cancer effects and precise regulatory mechanisms of SB in CL1-5 lung cancer cells. In an in vitro assay, we found that the anti-tumor mechanism of SB was due to P38/SIRT1-regulated cell apoptosis through G2/M phase arrest and ER stress-, intrinsic mitochondrial-, and extrinsic FAS/FASL-mediated pathways. Autophagy also plays a key role in SB-induced CL1-5 cell cytotoxicity. In addition, SB exerts additive effects with etoposide or cisplatin in lung cancer cells. In an in vivo assay, we found that SB significantly reduces tumor size with decreased proliferation and angiogenesis, as well as increased apoptosis and autophagy in CL1-5 tumor-bearing mice. These findings provided experimental evidence for the application of SB in the treatment of lung cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chin-Chuan Chen
- Graduate Institute of Natural Products, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan, Chinese Herbal Medicine Research Team, Healthy Aging Research Center, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
- Tissue Bank, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Chun-Pin Kao
- Department of Nursing, Hsin Sheng Junior College of Medical Care and Management, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Mei-Miao Chiu
- Department of Medicine, Mackay Medical College, New Taipei, Taiwan, Republic of China
| | - Shu-Huei Wang
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
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41
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Singh P, Ahn S, Kang JP, Veronika S, Huo Y, Singh H, Chokkaligam M, El-Agamy Farh M, Aceituno VC, Kim YJ, Yang DC. In vitro anti-inflammatory activity of spherical silver nanoparticles and monodisperse hexagonal gold nanoparticles by fruit extract of Prunus serrulata: a green synthetic approach. ARTIFICIAL CELLS NANOMEDICINE AND BIOTECHNOLOGY 2017; 46:2022-2032. [PMID: 29190154 DOI: 10.1080/21691401.2017.1408117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Recently, green metal nanoparticles have received global attention owing to their economical synthesis, biocompatible nature, widespread biomedical and environmental applications. Current study demonstrates a sustainable approach for the green synthesis of silver nanoparticles (P-AgNPs) and gold nanoparticles (P-AuNPs) from P. serrulata fresh fruit extract. The silver and gold nanoparticles were synthesized in a very rapid, efficient and facile manner, within 50 min and 30 s at 80 °C, respectively. The nanoparticles were characterized by using visual observation, UV-Vis, FE-TEM, EDX, elemental mapping, FT-IR, XRD and DLS, which confirmed the formation of monodispersed, crystalline and stable nanoparticles. Further, we explored these nanoparticles for anti-inflammatory activity through inhibition of downstream NF-κB activation in macrophages (RAW264.7). We demonstrated that the nanoparticles reduced expression of inflammatory mediators such as nitric oxide (NO), prostaglandin E2 (PEG2), inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) and cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) was attenuated in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced RAW264.7 cells. Furthermore, nanoparticles significantly suppressed LPS-induced activation of NF-κB signalling pathway via p38 MAPK in RAW 264.7 cells. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report on the efficient green synthesis of P-AgNPs and P-AuNPs using P. serrulata fresh fruit extract and its in vitro anti-inflammatory effects. Collectively, our results suggest that P. serrulata fresh fruit extract is a green resource for the eco-friendly synthesis of P-AgNPs and P-AuNPs, which further can be utilized as a novel therapeutic agent for prevention and cure of inflammation due to their biocompatible nature.
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Affiliation(s)
- Priyanka Singh
- a Department of Oriental Medicine Biotechnology, Ginseng Bank, College of Life Science , Kyung Hee University , Yongin-si , Gyeonggi-do , Republic of Korea.,b Graduate School of Biotechnology, College of Life Science , Kyung Hee University , Yongin-si , Gyeonggi-do , Republic of Korea
| | - Sungeun Ahn
- a Department of Oriental Medicine Biotechnology, Ginseng Bank, College of Life Science , Kyung Hee University , Yongin-si , Gyeonggi-do , Republic of Korea
| | - Jong-Pyo Kang
- a Department of Oriental Medicine Biotechnology, Ginseng Bank, College of Life Science , Kyung Hee University , Yongin-si , Gyeonggi-do , Republic of Korea
| | - Soshnikova Veronika
- a Department of Oriental Medicine Biotechnology, Ginseng Bank, College of Life Science , Kyung Hee University , Yongin-si , Gyeonggi-do , Republic of Korea
| | - Yue Huo
- a Department of Oriental Medicine Biotechnology, Ginseng Bank, College of Life Science , Kyung Hee University , Yongin-si , Gyeonggi-do , Republic of Korea
| | - Hina Singh
- a Department of Oriental Medicine Biotechnology, Ginseng Bank, College of Life Science , Kyung Hee University , Yongin-si , Gyeonggi-do , Republic of Korea
| | - Mohan Chokkaligam
- b Graduate School of Biotechnology, College of Life Science , Kyung Hee University , Yongin-si , Gyeonggi-do , Republic of Korea
| | - Mohamed El-Agamy Farh
- b Graduate School of Biotechnology, College of Life Science , Kyung Hee University , Yongin-si , Gyeonggi-do , Republic of Korea
| | - Verónica Castro Aceituno
- a Department of Oriental Medicine Biotechnology, Ginseng Bank, College of Life Science , Kyung Hee University , Yongin-si , Gyeonggi-do , Republic of Korea
| | - Yeon Ju Kim
- a Department of Oriental Medicine Biotechnology, Ginseng Bank, College of Life Science , Kyung Hee University , Yongin-si , Gyeonggi-do , Republic of Korea
| | - Deok-Chun Yang
- a Department of Oriental Medicine Biotechnology, Ginseng Bank, College of Life Science , Kyung Hee University , Yongin-si , Gyeonggi-do , Republic of Korea.,b Graduate School of Biotechnology, College of Life Science , Kyung Hee University , Yongin-si , Gyeonggi-do , Republic of Korea
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42
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Tuure L, Hämäläinen M, Whittle BJ, Moilanen E. Microsomal Prostaglandin E Synthase-1 Expression in Inflammatory Conditions Is Downregulated by Dexamethasone: Seminal Role of the Regulatory Phosphatase MKP-1. Front Pharmacol 2017; 8:646. [PMID: 28983247 PMCID: PMC5613146 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2017.00646] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2017] [Accepted: 08/31/2017] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Microsomal prostaglandin E synthase-1 (mPGES-1) is an inducible enzyme situated downstream of cyclo-oxygenase-2, promoting the excessive PGE2 production in inflammation. Dexamethasone is known to suppress mPGES-1 but the mechanisms regulating mPGES-1 expression remain poorly known. MKP-1 is a phosphatase controlling the proinflammatory MAP kinase pathways p38 and JNK, thus limiting the inflammatory responses. We have now investigated the role of MKP-1 and MAP kinases p38 and JNK in the regulation of mPGES-1 expression by dexamethasone. Dexamethasone increased MKP-1 and decreased mPGES-1 expression in J774 macrophages and in peritoneal macrophages from wild-type but not from MKP-1 deficient mice. Dexamethasone also reduced p38 and JNK phosphorylation along with enhancement of MKP-1, while inhibition of JNK reduced mPGES-1 expression. These findings were also translated to in vivo conditions as dexamethasone downregulated mPGES-1 expression in paw inflammation in wild-type but not in MKP-1 deficient mice. In conclusion, dexamethasone was found to downregulate mPGES-1 expression through enhanced MKP-1 expression and reduced JNK phosphorylation in inflammatory conditions. The results extend the understanding on the regulation of mPGES-1 expression and highlight the potential of MKP-1 as an anti-inflammatory drug target.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lauri Tuure
- The Immunopharmacology Research Group, Faculty of Medicine and Life Sciences, University of Tampere, Tampere University HospitalTampere, Finland
| | - Mari Hämäläinen
- The Immunopharmacology Research Group, Faculty of Medicine and Life Sciences, University of Tampere, Tampere University HospitalTampere, Finland
| | - Brendan J Whittle
- The Immunopharmacology Research Group, Faculty of Medicine and Life Sciences, University of Tampere, Tampere University HospitalTampere, Finland.,William Harvey Research Institute, Barts and the London School of MedicineLondon, United Kingdom
| | - Eeva Moilanen
- The Immunopharmacology Research Group, Faculty of Medicine and Life Sciences, University of Tampere, Tampere University HospitalTampere, Finland
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Walker J, Ley JP, Schwerzler J, Lieder B, Beltran L, Ziemba PM, Hatt H, Hans J, Widder S, Krammer GE, Somoza V. Nonivamide, a capsaicin analogue, exhibits anti-inflammatory properties in peripheral blood mononuclear cells and U-937 macrophages. Mol Nutr Food Res 2016; 61. [DOI: 10.1002/mnfr.201600474] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2016] [Revised: 08/22/2016] [Accepted: 08/28/2016] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jessica Walker
- Department of Nutritional and Physiological Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Christian Doppler Laboratory for Bioactive Aroma Compounds; University of Vienna; Vienna; Austria
| | | | - Johanna Schwerzler
- Department of Nutritional and Physiological Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Christian Doppler Laboratory for Bioactive Aroma Compounds; University of Vienna; Vienna; Austria
| | - Barbara Lieder
- Department of Nutritional and Physiological Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Christian Doppler Laboratory for Bioactive Aroma Compounds; University of Vienna; Vienna; Austria
| | - Leopoldo Beltran
- Department of Cell Physiology; Ruhr-University Bochum; Bochum Germany
| | - Paul M. Ziemba
- Department of Cell Physiology; Ruhr-University Bochum; Bochum Germany
| | - Hanns Hatt
- Department of Cell Physiology; Ruhr-University Bochum; Bochum Germany
| | | | | | | | - Veronika Somoza
- Department of Nutritional and Physiological Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Christian Doppler Laboratory for Bioactive Aroma Compounds; University of Vienna; Vienna; Austria
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