1
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Liu C, Hatzianestis IH, Pfirrmann T, Reza SH, Minina EA, Moazzami A, Stael S, Gutierrez-Beltran E, Pitsili E, Dörmann P, D'Andrea S, Gevaert K, Romero-Campero F, Ding P, Nowack MK, Van Breusegem F, Jones JDG, Bozhkov PV, Moschou PN. Seed longevity is controlled by metacaspases. Nat Commun 2024; 15:6748. [PMID: 39117606 PMCID: PMC11310522 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-50848-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2023] [Accepted: 07/23/2024] [Indexed: 08/10/2024] Open
Abstract
To survive extreme desiccation, seeds enter a period of quiescence that can last millennia. Seed quiescence involves the accumulation of protective storage proteins and lipids through unknown adjustments in protein homeostasis (proteostasis). Here, we show that mutation of all six type-II metacaspase (MCA-II) proteases in Arabidopsis thaliana disturbs proteostasis in seeds. MCA-II mutant seeds fail to restrict the AAA ATPase CELL DIVISION CYCLE 48 (CDC48) at the endoplasmic reticulum to discard misfolded proteins, compromising seed storability. Endoplasmic reticulum (ER) localization of CDC48 relies on the MCA-IIs-dependent cleavage of PUX10 (ubiquitination regulatory X domain-containing 10), the adaptor protein responsible for titrating CDC48 to lipid droplets. PUX10 cleavage enables the shuttling of CDC48 between lipid droplets and the ER, providing an important regulatory mechanism sustaining spatiotemporal proteolysis, lipid droplet dynamics, and protein homeostasis. In turn, the removal of the PUX10 adaptor in MCA-II mutant seeds partially restores proteostasis, CDC48 localization, and lipid droplet dynamics prolonging seed lifespan. Taken together, we uncover a proteolytic module conferring seed longevity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chen Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Plant Resources, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-Sen University, 510275, Guangzhou, China
- Department of Biology, University of Crete, 71500, Heraklion, Greece
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, Foundation for Research and Technology-Hellas, 71500, Heraklion, Greece
- Department of Plant Biology, Uppsala BioCenter, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences and Linnean Center for Plant Biology, 75007, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Ioannis H Hatzianestis
- Department of Biology, University of Crete, 71500, Heraklion, Greece
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, Foundation for Research and Technology-Hellas, 71500, Heraklion, Greece
| | - Thorsten Pfirrmann
- Department of Medicine, Health and Medical University, 14471, Potsdam, Germany
| | - Salim H Reza
- Plant Ecology and Evolution, Department of Ecology and Genetics, Evolutionary Biology Centre and the Linnean Centre for Plant Biology in Uppsala, Uppsala University, 75236, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Elena A Minina
- Department of Molecular Sciences, Uppsala BioCenter, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences and Linnean Center for Plant Biology, 75007, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Ali Moazzami
- Department of Molecular Sciences, Uppsala BioCenter, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences and Linnean Center for Plant Biology, 75007, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Simon Stael
- Department of Molecular Sciences, Uppsala BioCenter, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences and Linnean Center for Plant Biology, 75007, Uppsala, Sweden
- VIB-Ugent Center for Plant Systems Biology, Technologiepark 71, 9052, Ghent, Belgium
- Department of Plant Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Ghent University, Technologiepark 71, 9052, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Emilio Gutierrez-Beltran
- Instituto de Bioquımica Vegetal y Fotosıntesis, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Cientıficas (CSIC)-Universidad de Sevilla, 41092, Sevilla, Spain
- Departamento de Bioquımica Vegetal y Biologıa Molecular, Facultad de Biologıa, Universidad de Sevilla, 41012, Sevilla, Spain
| | - Eugenia Pitsili
- VIB-Ugent Center for Plant Systems Biology, Technologiepark 71, 9052, Ghent, Belgium
- Department of Plant Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Ghent University, Technologiepark 71, 9052, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Peter Dörmann
- University of Bonn, Institute of Molecular Physiology and Biotechnology of Plants (IMBIO), Karlrobert Kreiten Straße 13, 53115, Bonn, Germany
| | - Sabine D'Andrea
- Université Paris-Saclay, INRAE, AgroParisTech, Institut Jean-Pierre Bourgin (IJPB), 78000, Versailles, France
| | - Kris Gevaert
- VIB Center for Medical Biotechnology, Technologiepark-Zwijnaarde 75, B9052, Ghent, Belgium
- Department of Biomolecular Medicine, Ghent University, Technologiepark-Zwijnaarde 75, B9052, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Francisco Romero-Campero
- Instituto de Bioquımica Vegetal y Fotosıntesis, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Cientıficas (CSIC)-Universidad de Sevilla, 41092, Sevilla, Spain
| | - Pingtao Ding
- Institute of Biology Leiden, Leiden University, 2333 BE, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Moritz K Nowack
- VIB-Ugent Center for Plant Systems Biology, Technologiepark 71, 9052, Ghent, Belgium
- Department of Plant Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Ghent University, Technologiepark 71, 9052, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Frank Van Breusegem
- VIB-Ugent Center for Plant Systems Biology, Technologiepark 71, 9052, Ghent, Belgium
- Department of Plant Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Ghent University, Technologiepark 71, 9052, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Jonathan D G Jones
- The Sainsbury Laboratory, University of East Anglia, Colney Lane, NR47UH, Norwich, UK
| | - Peter V Bozhkov
- Department of Molecular Sciences, Uppsala BioCenter, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences and Linnean Center for Plant Biology, 75007, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Panagiotis N Moschou
- Department of Biology, University of Crete, 71500, Heraklion, Greece.
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, Foundation for Research and Technology-Hellas, 71500, Heraklion, Greece.
- Department of Molecular Sciences, Uppsala BioCenter, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences and Linnean Center for Plant Biology, 75007, Uppsala, Sweden.
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2
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Li Z, Velásquez‐Zapata V, Elmore JM, Li X, Xie W, Deb S, Tian X, Banerjee S, Jørgensen HJL, Pedersen C, Wise RP, Thordal‐Christensen H. Powdery mildew effectors AVR A1 and BEC1016 target the ER J-domain protein HvERdj3B required for immunity in barley. MOLECULAR PLANT PATHOLOGY 2024; 25:e13463. [PMID: 38695677 PMCID: PMC11064805 DOI: 10.1111/mpp.13463] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2023] [Revised: 03/06/2024] [Accepted: 04/11/2024] [Indexed: 05/05/2024]
Abstract
The barley powdery mildew fungus, Blumeria hordei (Bh), secretes hundreds of candidate secreted effector proteins (CSEPs) to facilitate pathogen infection and colonization. One of these, CSEP0008, is directly recognized by the barley nucleotide-binding leucine-rich-repeat (NLR) receptor MLA1 and therefore is designated AVRA1. Here, we show that AVRA1 and the sequence-unrelated Bh effector BEC1016 (CSEP0491) suppress immunity in barley. We used yeast two-hybrid next-generation interaction screens (Y2H-NGIS), followed by binary Y2H and in planta protein-protein interactions studies, and identified a common barley target of AVRA1 and BEC1016, the endoplasmic reticulum (ER)-localized J-domain protein HvERdj3B. Silencing of this ER quality control (ERQC) protein increased Bh penetration. HvERdj3B is ER luminal, and we showed using split GFP that AVRA1 and BEC1016 translocate into the ER signal peptide-independently. Overexpression of the two effectors impeded trafficking of a vacuolar marker through the ER; silencing of HvERdj3B also exhibited this same cellular phenotype, coinciding with the effectors targeting this ERQC component. Together, these results suggest that the barley innate immunity, preventing Bh entry into epidermal cells, requires ERQC. Here, the J-domain protein HvERdj3B appears to be essential and can be regulated by AVRA1 and BEC1016. Plant disease resistance often occurs upon direct or indirect recognition of pathogen effectors by host NLR receptors. Previous work has shown that AVRA1 is directly recognized in the cytosol by the immune receptor MLA1. We speculate that the AVRA1 J-domain target being inside the ER, where it is inapproachable by NLRs, has forced the plant to evolve this challenging direct recognition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zizhang Li
- Department of Plant and Environmental SciencesUniversity of CopenhagenFrederiksberg CDenmark
- Present address:
Institute for Bioscience and Biotechnology Research & Department of Plant Sciences and Landscape ArchitectureUniversity of MarylandRockvilleMarylandUSA
| | - Valeria Velásquez‐Zapata
- Program in Bioinformatics & Computational BiologyIowa State UniversityAmesIowaUSA
- Department of Plant Pathology, Entomology and MicrobiologyIowa State UniversityAmesIowaUSA
- Present address:
GreenLight Biosciences, IncResearch Triangle ParkNorth CarolinaUSA
| | - J. Mitch Elmore
- Department of Plant Pathology, Entomology and MicrobiologyIowa State UniversityAmesIowaUSA
- USDA‐Agricultural Research Service, Corn Insects and Crop Genetics Research UnitAmesIowaUSA
- Present address:
USDA‐Agricultural Research Service, Cereal Disease LaboratorySt. PaulMinnesotaUSA
| | - Xuan Li
- Department of Plant and Environmental SciencesUniversity of CopenhagenFrederiksberg CDenmark
| | - Wenjun Xie
- Department of Plant and Environmental SciencesUniversity of CopenhagenFrederiksberg CDenmark
| | - Sohini Deb
- Department of Plant and Environmental SciencesUniversity of CopenhagenFrederiksberg CDenmark
| | - Xiao Tian
- Department of Plant and Environmental SciencesUniversity of CopenhagenFrederiksberg CDenmark
| | - Sagnik Banerjee
- Program in Bioinformatics & Computational BiologyIowa State UniversityAmesIowaUSA
- Department of StatisticsIowa State UniversityAmesIowaUSA
- Present address:
Bristol Myers SquibbSan DiegoCaliforniaUSA
| | - Hans J. L. Jørgensen
- Department of Plant and Environmental SciencesUniversity of CopenhagenFrederiksberg CDenmark
| | - Carsten Pedersen
- Department of Plant and Environmental SciencesUniversity of CopenhagenFrederiksberg CDenmark
| | - Roger P. Wise
- Program in Bioinformatics & Computational BiologyIowa State UniversityAmesIowaUSA
- Department of Plant Pathology, Entomology and MicrobiologyIowa State UniversityAmesIowaUSA
- USDA‐Agricultural Research Service, Corn Insects and Crop Genetics Research UnitAmesIowaUSA
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3
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Clúa J, Montpetit J, Jimenez-Sandoval P, Naumann C, Santiago J, Poirier Y. A CYBDOM protein impacts iron homeostasis and primary root growth under phosphate deficiency in Arabidopsis. Nat Commun 2024; 15:423. [PMID: 38212368 PMCID: PMC10784552 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-43911-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2022] [Accepted: 11/23/2023] [Indexed: 01/13/2024] Open
Abstract
Arabidopsis primary root growth response to phosphate (Pi) deficiency is mainly controlled by changes in apoplastic iron (Fe). Upon Pi deficiency, apoplastic Fe deposition in the root apical meristem activates pathways leading to the arrest of meristem maintenance and inhibition of cell elongation. Here, we report that a member of the uncharacterized cytochrome b561 and DOMON domain (CYBDOM) protein family, named CRR, promotes iron reduction in an ascorbate-dependent manner and controls apoplastic iron deposition. Under low Pi, the crr mutant shows an enhanced reduction of primary root growth associated with increased apoplastic Fe in the root meristem and a reduction in meristematic cell division. Conversely, CRR overexpression abolishes apoplastic Fe deposition rendering primary root growth insensitive to low Pi. The crr single mutant and crr hyp1 double mutant, harboring a null allele in another member of the CYDOM family, shows increased tolerance to high-Fe stress upon germination and seedling growth. Conversely, CRR overexpression is associated with increased uptake and translocation of Fe to the shoot and results in plants highly sensitive to Fe excess. Our results identify a ferric reductase implicated in Fe homeostasis and developmental responses to abiotic stress, and reveal a biological role for CYBDOM proteins in plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joaquín Clúa
- Department of Plant Molecular Biology, Biophore Building, University of Lausanne, 1015, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Jonatan Montpetit
- Department of Plant Molecular Biology, Biophore Building, University of Lausanne, 1015, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Pedro Jimenez-Sandoval
- Department of Plant Molecular Biology, Biophore Building, University of Lausanne, 1015, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Christin Naumann
- Department of Molecular Signal Processing, Leibniz Institute of Plant Biochemistry, Weinberg 3, 06120, Halle, Germany
| | - Julia Santiago
- Department of Plant Molecular Biology, Biophore Building, University of Lausanne, 1015, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Yves Poirier
- Department of Plant Molecular Biology, Biophore Building, University of Lausanne, 1015, Lausanne, Switzerland.
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4
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Weber JN, Minner-Meinen R, Behnecke M, Biedendieck R, Hänsch VG, Hercher TW, Hertweck C, van den Hout L, Knüppel L, Sivov S, Schulze J, Mendel RR, Hänsch R, Kaufholdt D. Moonlighting Arabidopsis molybdate transporter 2 family and GSH-complex formation facilitate molybdenum homeostasis. Commun Biol 2023; 6:801. [PMID: 37532778 PMCID: PMC10397214 DOI: 10.1038/s42003-023-05161-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2023] [Accepted: 07/21/2023] [Indexed: 08/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Molybdenum (Mo) as essential micronutrient for plants, acts as active component of molybdenum cofactor (Moco). Core metabolic processes like nitrate assimilation or abscisic-acid biosynthesis rely on Moco-dependent enzymes. Although a family of molybdate transport proteins (MOT1) is known to date in Arabidopsis, molybdate homeostasis remained unclear. Here we report a second family of molybdate transporters (MOT2) playing key roles in molybdate distribution and usage. KO phenotype-analyses, cellular and organ-specific localization, and connection to Moco-biosynthesis enzymes via protein-protein interaction suggest involvement in cellular import of molybdate in leaves and reproductive organs. Furthermore, we detected a glutathione-molybdate complex, which reveals how vacuolar storage is maintained. A putative Golgi S-adenosyl-methionine transport function was reported recently for the MOT2-family. Here, we propose a moonlighting function, since clear evidence of molybdate transport was found in a yeast-system. Our characterization of the MOT2-family and the detection of a glutathione-molybdate complex unveil the plant-wide way of molybdate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jan-Niklas Weber
- Institute of Plant Biology, Technische Universität Braunschweig, Humboldtstrasse 1, D-38106, Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Rieke Minner-Meinen
- Institute of Plant Biology, Technische Universität Braunschweig, Humboldtstrasse 1, D-38106, Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Maria Behnecke
- Institute of Plant Biology, Technische Universität Braunschweig, Humboldtstrasse 1, D-38106, Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Rebekka Biedendieck
- Institute of Microbiology and Braunschweig Integrated Centre of Systems Biology, Technische Universität Braunschweig, Rebenring 56, D-38106, Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Veit G Hänsch
- Department of Biomolecular Chemistry, Leibniz Institute for Natural Research and Infection Biology (HKI), Beutenbergstrasse 11a, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Friedrich Schiller University Jena, D-07743, Jena, Germany
| | - Thomas W Hercher
- Institute of Plant Biology, Technische Universität Braunschweig, Humboldtstrasse 1, D-38106, Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Christian Hertweck
- Department of Biomolecular Chemistry, Leibniz Institute for Natural Research and Infection Biology (HKI), Beutenbergstrasse 11a, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Friedrich Schiller University Jena, D-07743, Jena, Germany
| | - Lena van den Hout
- Institute of Plant Biology, Technische Universität Braunschweig, Humboldtstrasse 1, D-38106, Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Lars Knüppel
- Institute of Plant Biology, Technische Universität Braunschweig, Humboldtstrasse 1, D-38106, Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Simon Sivov
- Institute of Plant Biology, Technische Universität Braunschweig, Humboldtstrasse 1, D-38106, Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Jutta Schulze
- Institute of Plant Biology, Technische Universität Braunschweig, Humboldtstrasse 1, D-38106, Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Ralf-R Mendel
- Institute of Plant Biology, Technische Universität Braunschweig, Humboldtstrasse 1, D-38106, Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Robert Hänsch
- Institute of Plant Biology, Technische Universität Braunschweig, Humboldtstrasse 1, D-38106, Braunschweig, Germany.
- Center of Molecular Ecophysiology (CMEP), College of Resources and Environment, , Southwest University, Tiansheng Road No. 2, 400715, Chongqing, Beibei District, PR China.
| | - David Kaufholdt
- Institute of Plant Biology, Technische Universität Braunschweig, Humboldtstrasse 1, D-38106, Braunschweig, Germany
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5
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Physiological Importance of Molybdate Transporter Family 1 in Feeding the Molybdenum Cofactor Biosynthesis Pathway in Arabidopsis thaliana. Molecules 2022; 27:molecules27103158. [PMID: 35630635 PMCID: PMC9147641 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27103158] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2022] [Revised: 05/09/2022] [Accepted: 05/12/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Molybdate uptake and molybdenum cofactor (Moco) biosynthesis were investigated in detail in the last few decades. The present study critically reviews our present knowledge about eukaryotic molybdate transporters (MOT) and focuses on the model plant Arabidopsis thaliana, complementing it with new experiments, filling missing gaps, and clarifying contradictory results in the literature. Two molybdate transporters, MOT1.1 and MOT1.2, are known in Arabidopsis, but their importance for sufficient molybdate supply to Moco biosynthesis remains unclear. For a better understanding of their physiological functions in molybdate homeostasis, we studied the impact of mot1.1 and mot1.2 knock-out mutants, including a double knock-out on molybdate uptake and Moco-dependent enzyme activity, MOT localisation, and protein–protein interactions. The outcome illustrates different physiological roles for Moco biosynthesis: MOT1.1 is plasma membrane located and its function lies in the efficient absorption of molybdate from soil and its distribution throughout the plant. However, MOT1.1 is not involved in leaf cell imports of molybdate and has no interaction with proteins of the Moco biosynthesis complex. In contrast, the tonoplast-localised transporter MOT1.2 exports molybdate stored in the vacuole and makes it available for re-localisation during senescence. It also supplies the Moco biosynthesis complex with molybdate by direct interaction with molybdenum insertase Cnx1 for controlled and safe sequestering.
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6
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Dittmer S, Kleine T, Schwenkert S. The TPR- and J-domain-containing proteins DJC31 and DJC62 are involved in abiotic stress responses in Arabidopsis thaliana. J Cell Sci 2021; 134:272451. [PMID: 34515300 DOI: 10.1242/jcs.259032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2021] [Accepted: 09/02/2021] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Molecular chaperones play an important role during the response to different stresses. Since plants are sessile organisms, they need to be able to adapt quickly to different conditions. To do so, plants possess a complex chaperone machinery, composed of HSP70, HSP90, J proteins and other factors. In this study we characterized DJC31 (also known as TPR16) and DJC62 (also known as TPR15) of Arabidopsis thaliana, two J proteins that additionally carry clamp-type tetratricopeptide repeat domains. Using cell fractionation and split GFP, we could show that both proteins are attached to the cytosolic side of the endoplasmic reticulum membrane. Moreover, an interaction with cytosolic HSP70.1 and HSP90.2 could be shown using bimolecular fluorescence complementation. Knockout of both DJC31 and DJC62 caused severe defects in growth and development, which affected almost all organs. Furthermore, it could be shown that the double mutant is more sensitive to osmotic stress and treatment with abscisic acid, but surprisingly exhibited enhanced tolerance to drought. Taken together, these findings indicate that DJC31 and DJC62 might act as important regulators of chaperone-dependent signaling pathways involved in plant development and stress responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sophie Dittmer
- Department Biologie I, Botanik , Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität, Großhaderner Strasse. 2-4, 82152 Planegg-Martinsried, Germany
| | - Tatjana Kleine
- Department Biologie I, Botanik , Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität, Großhaderner Strasse. 2-4, 82152 Planegg-Martinsried, Germany
| | - Serena Schwenkert
- Department Biologie I, Botanik , Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität, Großhaderner Strasse. 2-4, 82152 Planegg-Martinsried, Germany
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7
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Minner-Meinen R, Weber JN, Albrecht A, Matis R, Behnecke M, Tietge C, Frank S, Schulze J, Buschmann H, Walla PJ, Mendel RR, Hänsch R, Kaufholdt D. Split-HaloTag imaging assay for sophisticated microscopy of protein-protein interactions in planta. PLANT COMMUNICATIONS 2021; 2:100212. [PMID: 34746759 PMCID: PMC8555439 DOI: 10.1016/j.xplc.2021.100212] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2020] [Revised: 05/21/2021] [Accepted: 06/10/2021] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
An ever-increasing number of intracellular multi-protein networks have been identified in plant cells. Split-GFP-based protein-protein interaction assays combine the advantages of in vivo interaction studies in a native environment with additional visualization of protein complex localization. Because of their simple protocols, they have become some of the most frequently used methods. However, standard fluorescent proteins present several drawbacks for sophisticated microscopy. With the HaloTag system, these drawbacks can be overcome, as this reporter forms covalent irreversible bonds with synthetic photostable fluorescent ligands. Dyes can be used in adjustable concentrations and are suitable for advanced microscopy methods. Therefore, we have established the Split-HaloTag imaging assay in plants, which is based on the reconstitution of a functional HaloTag protein upon protein-protein interaction and the subsequent covalent binding of an added fluorescent ligand. Its suitability and robustness were demonstrated using a well-characterized interaction as an example of protein-protein interaction at cellular structures: the anchoring of the molybdenum cofactor biosynthesis complex to filamentous actin. In addition, a specific interaction was visualized in a more distinctive manner with subdiffractional polarization microscopy, Airyscan, and structured illumination microscopy to provide examples of sophisticated imaging. Split-GFP and Split-HaloTag can complement one another, as Split-HaloTag represents an alternative option and an addition to the large toolbox of in vivo methods. Therefore, this promising new Split-HaloTag imaging assay provides a unique and sensitive approach for more detailed characterization of protein-protein interactions using specific microscopy techniques, such as 3D imaging, single-molecule tracking, and super-resolution microscopy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rieke Minner-Meinen
- Institut für Pflanzenbiologie, Technische Universität Braunschweig, Humboldtstrasse 1, 38106 Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Jan-Niklas Weber
- Institut für Pflanzenbiologie, Technische Universität Braunschweig, Humboldtstrasse 1, 38106 Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Andreas Albrecht
- Institut für Physikalische und Theoretische Chemie, Technische Universität Braunschweig, Hagenring 30.023c, 38106 Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Rainer Matis
- Institut für Physikalische und Theoretische Chemie, Technische Universität Braunschweig, Hagenring 30.023c, 38106 Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Maria Behnecke
- Institut für Pflanzenbiologie, Technische Universität Braunschweig, Humboldtstrasse 1, 38106 Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Cindy Tietge
- Institut für Pflanzenbiologie, Technische Universität Braunschweig, Humboldtstrasse 1, 38106 Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Stefan Frank
- Institut für Pflanzenbiologie, Technische Universität Braunschweig, Humboldtstrasse 1, 38106 Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Jutta Schulze
- Institut für Pflanzenbiologie, Technische Universität Braunschweig, Humboldtstrasse 1, 38106 Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Henrik Buschmann
- Botany Department, Universität Osnabrück, Barbara Strasse 11, 49076 Osnabrück, Germany
| | - Peter Jomo Walla
- Institut für Physikalische und Theoretische Chemie, Technische Universität Braunschweig, Hagenring 30.023c, 38106 Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Ralf-R. Mendel
- Institut für Pflanzenbiologie, Technische Universität Braunschweig, Humboldtstrasse 1, 38106 Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Robert Hänsch
- Institut für Pflanzenbiologie, Technische Universität Braunschweig, Humboldtstrasse 1, 38106 Braunschweig, Germany
- Center of Molecular Ecophysiology (CMEP), College of Resources and Environment, Southwest University, Tiansheng Road No. 2, Beibei District, 400715 Chongqing, P.R. China
- Corresponding author
| | - David Kaufholdt
- Institut für Pflanzenbiologie, Technische Universität Braunschweig, Humboldtstrasse 1, 38106 Braunschweig, Germany
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8
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Wang J, Dhroso A, Liu X, Baum TJ, Hussey RS, Davis EL, Wang X, Korkin D, Mitchum MG. Phytonematode peptide effectors exploit a host post-translational trafficking mechanism to the ER using a novel translocation signal. THE NEW PHYTOLOGIST 2021; 229:563-574. [PMID: 32569394 DOI: 10.1111/nph.16765] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2020] [Accepted: 06/02/2020] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
Cyst nematodes induce a multicellular feeding site within roots called a syncytium. It remains unknown how root cells are primed for incorporation into the developing syncytium. Furthermore, it is unclear how CLAVATA3/EMBRYO SURROUNDING REGION (CLE) peptide effectors secreted into the cytoplasm of the initial feeding cell could have an effect on plant cells so distant from where the nematode is feeding as the syncytium expands. Here we describe a novel translocation signal within nematode CLE effectors that is recognized by plant cell secretory machinery to redirect these peptides from the cytoplasm to the apoplast of plant cells. We show that the translocation signal is functionally conserved across CLE effectors identified in nematode species spanning three genera and multiple plant species, operative across plant cell types, and can traffic other unrelated small peptides from the cytoplasm to the apoplast of host cells via a previously unknown post-translational mechanism of endoplasmic reticulum (ER) translocation. Our results uncover a mechanism of effector trafficking that is unprecedented in any plant pathogen to date, andthey illustrate how phytonematodes can deliver effector proteins into host cells and then hijack plant cellular processes for their export back out of the cell to function as external signaling molecules to distant cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianying Wang
- Division of Plant Sciences and Bond Life Sciences Center, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, 65211, USA
| | - Andi Dhroso
- Department of Computer Science and Bioinformatics and Computational Biology Program, Worcester Polytechnic Institute, Worcester, MA, 01609, USA
| | - Xunliang Liu
- Department of Plant Pathology and Institute of Plant Breeding, Genetics, and Genomics, Center for Applied Genetic Technologies, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, 30602, USA
| | - Thomas J Baum
- Department of Plant Pathology and Microbiology, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, 50011, USA
| | - Richard S Hussey
- Department of Plant Pathology, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, 30602, USA
| | - Eric L Davis
- Department of Entomology and Plant Pathology, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, 27695, USA
| | - Xiaohong Wang
- Robert W. Holley Center for Agriculture and Health, US Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service and School of Integrative Plant Science, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, 14853, USA
| | - Dmitry Korkin
- Department of Computer Science and Bioinformatics and Computational Biology Program, Worcester Polytechnic Institute, Worcester, MA, 01609, USA
| | - Melissa G Mitchum
- Division of Plant Sciences and Bond Life Sciences Center, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, 65211, USA
- Department of Plant Pathology and Institute of Plant Breeding, Genetics, and Genomics, Center for Applied Genetic Technologies, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, 30602, USA
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9
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Kassab E, Mehlmer N, Brueck T. GFP Scaffold-Based Engineering for the Production of Unbranched Very Long Chain Fatty Acids in Escherichia coli With Oleic Acid and Cerulenin Supplementation. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2020; 7:408. [PMID: 31921813 PMCID: PMC6914682 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2019.00408] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2019] [Accepted: 11/27/2019] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Currently, very long chain fatty acids (VLCFAs) for oleochemical, pharmaceutical, cosmetic, or food applications are extracted from plant or marine organism resources, which is associated with a negative environmental impact. Therefore, there is an industrial demand to develop sustainable, microbial resources. Due to its ease of genetic modification and well-characterized metabolism, Escherichia coli has established itself as a model organism to study and tailor microbial fatty acid biosynthesis using a concerted genetic engineering approach. In this study, we systematically implemented a plant-derived (Arabidopsis thaliana) enzymatic cascade in Escherichia coli to enable unbranched VLCFA biosynthesis. The four Arabidopsis thaliana membrane-bound VLCFA enzymes were expressed using a synthetic expression cassette. To facilitate enzyme solubilization and interaction of the synthetic VLCFA synthase complex, we applied a self-assembly GFP scaffold. In order to initiate VLCFA biosynthesis, external oleic acid and cerulenin were supplemented to cultures. In this context, we detected the generation of arachidic (20:0), cis-11-eicosenoic (20:1) and cis-13-eicosenoic acid (20:1).
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Affiliation(s)
- Elias Kassab
- Werner Siemens-Chair of Synthetic Biotechnology, Department of Chemistry, Technical University of Munich, Garching, Germany
| | - Norbert Mehlmer
- Werner Siemens-Chair of Synthetic Biotechnology, Department of Chemistry, Technical University of Munich, Garching, Germany
| | - Thomas Brueck
- Werner Siemens-Chair of Synthetic Biotechnology, Department of Chemistry, Technical University of Munich, Garching, Germany
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10
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Mitterreiter MJ, Bosch FA, Brylok T, Schwenkert S. The ER luminal C-terminus of AtSec62 is critical for male fertility and plant growth in Arabidopsis thaliana. THE PLANT JOURNAL : FOR CELL AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2020; 101:5-17. [PMID: 31355985 DOI: 10.1111/tpj.14483] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2019] [Revised: 07/23/2019] [Accepted: 07/24/2019] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
Protein translocation into the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) occurs either co- or post-translationally through the Sec translocation system. The Arabidopsis Sec post-translocon is composed of the protein-conducting Sec61 complex, the chaperone-docking protein AtTPR7, the J-domain-containing proteins AtERdj2A/B and the yet uncharacterized AtSec62. Yeast Sec62p is suggested to mainly function in post-translational translocation, whereas mammalian Sec62 also interacts with ribosomes. In Arabidopsis, loss of AtSec62 leads to impaired growth and drastically reduced male fertility indicating the importance of AtSec62 in protein translocation and subsequent secretion in male gametophyte development. Moreover, AtSec62 seems to be divergent in function as compared with yeast Sec62p, since we were not able to complement the thermosensitive yeast mutant sec62-ts. Interestingly, AtSec62 has an additional third transmembrane domain in contrast to its yeast and mammalian counterparts resulting in an altered topology with the C-terminus facing the ER lumen instead of the cytosol. In addition, the AtSec62 C-terminus has proven to be indispensable for AtSec62 function, since a construct lacking the C-terminal region was not able to rescue the mutant phenotype in Arabidopsis. We thus propose that Sec62 acquired a unique topology and function in protein translocation into the ER in plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Melanie Jasmine Mitterreiter
- Department Biology I, Plant Sciences, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Großhaderner Straße 2-4, 82152, Planegg-Martinsried, Germany
| | - Franziska Annamaria Bosch
- Department Biology I, Plant Sciences, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Großhaderner Straße 2-4, 82152, Planegg-Martinsried, Germany
| | - Thomas Brylok
- Department Biology I, Plant Sciences, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Großhaderner Straße 2-4, 82152, Planegg-Martinsried, Germany
| | - Serena Schwenkert
- Department Biology I, Plant Sciences, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Großhaderner Straße 2-4, 82152, Planegg-Martinsried, Germany
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11
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Abstract
Determining the topology of the membrane proteome is fundamental for understanding its function at the membrane. However, conventional methods involving test tube reactions often lead to unreliable results, which do not accurately reflect membrane topology under physiological conditions, as perturbations occur during lysis. In this Perspective, we introduce a new method using engineered ascorbate peroxidase (APEX) for revealing membrane topological information in live cells without performing complicated sample preparation. We also discuss several examples of clearly resolved membrane topologies of various important mitochondrial proteins (e.g., LETM1, NDUFB10, MCU, SFXN1, and EXD2) and endoplasmic reticulum proteins (e.g., HMOX1) determined by using APEX-based methods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chang-Mo Yoo
- Department of Chemistry , Seoul National University , Seoul 08826 , Korea
| | - Hyun-Woo Rhee
- Department of Chemistry , Seoul National University , Seoul 08826 , Korea
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12
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Zong Y, Li G, Xi X, Sun X, Li S, Cao D, Zhang H, Liu B. A bHLH transcription factor TsMYC2 is associated with the blue grain character in triticale (Triticum × Secale). PLANT CELL REPORTS 2019; 38:1291-1298. [PMID: 31352584 DOI: 10.1007/s00299-019-02449-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2019] [Accepted: 07/17/2019] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
RNA-Seq was employed to compare the transcriptome differences between the triticale lines and to identify the key gene responsible for the blue aleurone trait. The accumulation of anthocyanins in the aleurone of triticale results in the formation of the blue-grained trait, but the identity of the genes associated with anthocyanin biosynthesis in the aleurone has not yet been reported. In this manuscript, RNA-Seq was employed to compare the transcriptome differences between the triticale lines HM13 (blue aleurone) and HM5 (white aleurone), and to identify the key genes responsible for the blue aleurone trait. There were 32,406 differentially expressed genes between HM13 and HM5. Seventy-three unigenes were homologous to the structural genes related to anthocyanin biosynthesis, and the average transcript level of the structural genes was higher in HM13 than in HM5, so that quantitative differences between the two lines in transcription rates could be the cause of the blue aleurone. The MYB and bHLH transcription factors had two homologous unigenes, but contained only one differentially expressed unigene each. The relative transcript level of bHLH Unigene5672_All (TsMYC2) in HM13 was 42.71 times that in HM5, while the relative transcript level of the MYB transcription factor Unigene12228_All in HM13 was 2.20 times that in HM5. qPCR experiments determined the relative transcript level of TsMYC2 in developing grain, with the expression of TsMYC2 in grain being the highest compared with that in root, stem or leaf tissue. TsMYC2 was homologous to the bHLH transcription factor regulating anthocyanin biosynthesis and contained three entire functional domains: bHLH-MYC_N, HLH and ACT-like, which were important for exercising regulation of anthocyanin biosynthesis as a bHLH transcription factor. Transient expression of ZmC1 and TsMYC2 could induce anthocyanin biosynthesis in white wheat coleoptile cells, demonstrating that TsMYC2 was a functional bHLH transcription factor. These results indicated that TsMYC2 was associated with the blue aleurone trait and could prove to be a valuable gene with which to breed new triticale cultivars with the blue aleurone trait.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuan Zong
- Qinghai Province Key Laboratory of Crop Molecular Breeding, Northwest Institute of Plateau Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xining, 810008, Qinghai, China
- State Key Laboratory of Plateau Ecology and Agriculture, Qinghai University, Xining, 800010, Qinghai, China
| | - Guomin Li
- Qinghai Province Key Laboratory of Crop Molecular Breeding, Northwest Institute of Plateau Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xining, 810008, Qinghai, China
| | - Xingyuan Xi
- Qinghai Province Key Laboratory of Crop Molecular Breeding, Northwest Institute of Plateau Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xining, 810008, Qinghai, China
| | - Xuemei Sun
- Qinghai Key Laboratory of Genetics and Physiology of Vegetables, Qinghai University, Xining, 810008, Qinghai, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Shiming Li
- Qinghai Province Key Laboratory of Crop Molecular Breeding, Northwest Institute of Plateau Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xining, 810008, Qinghai, China
- Key Laboratory of Adaptation and Evolution of Plateau Biota, Northwest Institute of Plateau Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xining, 810008, Qinghai, China
| | - Dong Cao
- Qinghai Province Key Laboratory of Crop Molecular Breeding, Northwest Institute of Plateau Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xining, 810008, Qinghai, China
- State Key Laboratory of Plateau Ecology and Agriculture, Qinghai University, Xining, 800010, Qinghai, China
- Key Laboratory of Adaptation and Evolution of Plateau Biota, Northwest Institute of Plateau Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xining, 810008, Qinghai, China
| | - Huaigang Zhang
- Qinghai Province Key Laboratory of Crop Molecular Breeding, Northwest Institute of Plateau Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xining, 810008, Qinghai, China
- State Key Laboratory of Plateau Ecology and Agriculture, Qinghai University, Xining, 800010, Qinghai, China
- Key Laboratory of Adaptation and Evolution of Plateau Biota, Northwest Institute of Plateau Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xining, 810008, Qinghai, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Baolong Liu
- Qinghai Province Key Laboratory of Crop Molecular Breeding, Northwest Institute of Plateau Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xining, 810008, Qinghai, China.
- State Key Laboratory of Plateau Ecology and Agriculture, Qinghai University, Xining, 800010, Qinghai, China.
- Key Laboratory of Adaptation and Evolution of Plateau Biota, Northwest Institute of Plateau Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xining, 810008, Qinghai, China.
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China.
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13
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Pedelacq JD, Cabantous S. Development and Applications of Superfolder and Split Fluorescent Protein Detection Systems in Biology. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:ijms20143479. [PMID: 31311175 PMCID: PMC6678664 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20143479] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2019] [Revised: 07/08/2019] [Accepted: 07/08/2019] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Molecular engineering of the green fluorescent protein (GFP) into a robust and stable variant named Superfolder GFP (sfGFP) has revolutionized the field of biosensor development and the use of fluorescent markers in diverse area of biology. sfGFP-based self-associating bipartite split-FP systems have been widely exploited to monitor soluble expression in vitro, localization, and trafficking of proteins in cellulo. A more recent class of split-FP variants, named « tripartite » split-FP, that rely on the self-assembly of three GFP fragments, is particularly well suited for the detection of protein–protein interactions. In this review, we describe the different steps and evolutions that have led to the diversification of superfolder and split-FP reporter systems, and we report an update of their applications in various areas of biology, from structural biology to cell biology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jean-Denis Pedelacq
- Institut de Pharmacologie et de Biologie Structurale, IPBS, Université de Toulouse, CNRS, UPS, 31077 Toulouse, France.
| | - Stéphanie Cabantous
- Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Toulouse (CRCT), Inserm, Université Paul Sabatier-Toulouse III, CNRS, 31037 Toulouse, France.
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14
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Watanabe M, Sakamoto Y, Matsunaga S. Imaging with Split Fluorescent Proteins Based on the Reconstruction of Separated Asymmetric Protein Fragments. CYTOLOGIA 2018. [DOI: 10.1508/cytologia.83.347] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Minato Watanabe
- Department of Applied Biological Science, Faculty of Science and Technology, Tokyo University of Science
| | - Yuki Sakamoto
- Imaging Frontier Center, Organization for Research Advancement, Tokyo University of Science
| | - Sachihiro Matsunaga
- Department of Applied Biological Science, Faculty of Science and Technology, Tokyo University of Science
- Imaging Frontier Center, Organization for Research Advancement, Tokyo University of Science
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15
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Bally J, Jung H, Mortimer C, Naim F, Philips JG, Hellens R, Bombarely A, Goodin MM, Waterhouse PM. The Rise and Rise of Nicotiana benthamiana: A Plant for All Reasons. ANNUAL REVIEW OF PHYTOPATHOLOGY 2018; 56:405-426. [PMID: 30149789 DOI: 10.1146/annurev-phyto-080417-050141] [Citation(s) in RCA: 141] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
A decade ago, the value of Nicotiana benthamiana as a tool for plant molecular biologists was beginning to be appreciated. Scientists were using it to study plant-microbe and protein-protein interactions, and it was the species of choice with which to activate plasmid-encoded viruses, screen for gene functions with virus-induced gene silencing (VIGS), and transiently express genes by leaf agroinfiltration. However, little information about the species' origin, diversity, genetics, and genomics was available, and biologists were asking the question of whether N. benthamiana is a second fiddle or virtuoso. In this review, we look at the increased knowledge about the species and its applications over the past decade. Although N. benthamiana may still be the sidekick to Arabidopsis, it shines ever more brightly with realized and yet-to-be-exploited potential.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julia Bally
- Centre for Tropical Crops and Biocommodities, Queensland University of Technology, 4001 Brisbane, Queensland, Australia;
| | - Hyungtaek Jung
- Centre for Tropical Crops and Biocommodities, Queensland University of Technology, 4001 Brisbane, Queensland, Australia;
| | - Cara Mortimer
- Centre for Tropical Crops and Biocommodities, Queensland University of Technology, 4001 Brisbane, Queensland, Australia;
| | - Fatima Naim
- Centre for Tropical Crops and Biocommodities, Queensland University of Technology, 4001 Brisbane, Queensland, Australia;
| | - Joshua G Philips
- Centre for Tropical Crops and Biocommodities, Queensland University of Technology, 4001 Brisbane, Queensland, Australia;
| | - Roger Hellens
- Centre for Tropical Crops and Biocommodities, Queensland University of Technology, 4001 Brisbane, Queensland, Australia;
| | - Aureliano Bombarely
- Department of Horticulture, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg, Virginia 24061-0002, USA
| | - Michael M Goodin
- Department of Plant Pathology, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40546, USA;
| | - Peter M Waterhouse
- Centre for Tropical Crops and Biocommodities, Queensland University of Technology, 4001 Brisbane, Queensland, Australia;
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