1
|
Maslakova AA, Didych DA, Golyshev SA, Katrukha IA, Viushkov VS, Zamalutdinov AV, Potashnikova DM, Rubtsov MA, Smirnova OV, Orlovsky IV. Towards unveiling the nature of short SERPINA1 transcripts: Avoiding the main ORF control to translate alpha1-antitrypsin C-terminal peptides. Int J Biol Macromol 2022; 203:703-717. [PMID: 35090941 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2022.01.131] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2021] [Accepted: 01/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Alternative ORFs in-frame with the known genes are challenging to reveal. Yet they may contribute significantly to proteome diversity. Here we focused on the individual expression of the SERPINA1 gene exon 5 leading to direct translation of alpha1-antitrypsin (AAT) C-terminal peptides. The discovery of alternative ways for their production may expand the current understanding of the serpin gene's functioning. We detected short transcripts expressed primarily in hepatocytes. We identified four variants of hepatocyte-specific SERPINA1 short transcripts and individually probed their potential to be translated in living cells. The long mRNA gave the full-length AAT-eGFP fusion, while in case of short transcripts we deduced four active SERPINA1 in-frame alternative ORFs encoding 10, 21, 153 and 169 amino acids AAT C-terminal oligo- and polypeptides. Unlike secretory AAT-eGFP fusion exhibiting classical AAT behavior, truncated AAT-fusions differ by intracellular retention and nuclear enrichment. Immunofluorescence on the endogenous AAT C-terminal epitope showed its accumulation in the cell nucleoli, indicating that short transcripts may be translated in vivo. FANTOM5 CAGE data on SERPINA1 suggest that short transcripts originate from the post-transcriptional cleavage of the spliced mRNA, initiated mainly from the hepatocyte-specific promoter. CONCLUSION: Short SERPINA1 transcripts may represent a source for the direct synthesis of AAT C-terminal peptides with properties uncommon to AAT.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- A A Maslakova
- Faculty of Biology, M.V. Lomonosov Moscow State University, Leninskie Gory, Moscow 119991, Russia.
| | - D A Didych
- Shemyakin-Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Miklukho-Maklaya, Moscow 117997, Russia
| | - S A Golyshev
- A.N. Belozersky Research Institute of Physical and Chemical Biology, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Leninskie Gory, Moscow 119992, Russia
| | - I A Katrukha
- Faculty of Biology, M.V. Lomonosov Moscow State University, Leninskie Gory, Moscow 119991, Russia; HyTest Ltd., Joukahaisenkatu, Turku 20520, Finland
| | - V S Viushkov
- Faculty of Biology, M.V. Lomonosov Moscow State University, Leninskie Gory, Moscow 119991, Russia
| | - A V Zamalutdinov
- Faculty of Biology, M.V. Lomonosov Moscow State University, Leninskie Gory, Moscow 119991, Russia
| | - D M Potashnikova
- Faculty of Biology, M.V. Lomonosov Moscow State University, Leninskie Gory, Moscow 119991, Russia
| | - M A Rubtsov
- Faculty of Biology, M.V. Lomonosov Moscow State University, Leninskie Gory, Moscow 119991, Russia; I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), Trubetskaya, Moscow 119991, Russia
| | - O V Smirnova
- Faculty of Biology, M.V. Lomonosov Moscow State University, Leninskie Gory, Moscow 119991, Russia
| | - I V Orlovsky
- A.N. Belozersky Research Institute of Physical and Chemical Biology, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Leninskie Gory, Moscow 119992, Russia
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Bigalke A, Sponholz C, Schnabel C, Bauer M, Kiehntopf M. Multiplex quantification of C-terminal alpha-1-antitrypsin peptides provides a novel approach for characterizing systemic inflammation. Sci Rep 2022; 12:3844. [PMID: 35264629 PMCID: PMC8907207 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-07752-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2021] [Accepted: 02/22/2022] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
C-terminal peptides (CAAPs) of the highly abundant serine protease alpha-1-antitrypsin (A1AT) have been identified at various lengths in several human materials and have been proposed to serve as putative biomarkers for a variety of diseases. CAAPs are enzymatically formed and these enzymatic activities are often associated with excessive immune responses (e.g. sepsis, allergies). However, most of those CAAPs have been either detected using in vitro incubation experiments or in human materials which are not easily accessible. To gain a comprehensive understanding about the occurrence and function of CAAPs in health and disease, a LC-MS/MS method for the simultaneous detection of nine CAAPs was developed and validated for human plasma (EDTA and lithium-heparin) and serum. Using this newly developed method, we were able to detect and quantify five CAAPs in healthy individuals thereby providing an initial proof for the presence of C36, C37, C40 and C44 in human blood. Concentrations of four CAAPs in a clinical test cohort of patients suffering from sepsis were significantly higher compared to healthy controls. These results reveal that in addition to C42 other fragments of A1AT seem to play a crucial role during systemic infections. The proposed workflow is simple, rapid and robust; thus this method could be used as diagnostic tool in routine clinical chemistry as well as for research applications for elucidating the diagnostic potential of CAAPs in numerous diseases. To this end, we also provide an overview about the current state of knowledge for CAAPs identified in vitro and in vivo.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Arite Bigalke
- grid.275559.90000 0000 8517 6224Department of Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine, Jena University Hospital, Jena, Germany
| | - Christoph Sponholz
- grid.275559.90000 0000 8517 6224Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care Therapy, Jena University Hospital, Jena, Germany
| | - Claudia Schnabel
- grid.275559.90000 0000 8517 6224Department of Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine, Jena University Hospital, Jena, Germany
| | - Michael Bauer
- grid.275559.90000 0000 8517 6224Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care Therapy, Jena University Hospital, Jena, Germany
| | - Michael Kiehntopf
- grid.275559.90000 0000 8517 6224Department of Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine, Jena University Hospital, Jena, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Cruz-Pineda WD, Garibay-Cerdenares OL, Rodríguez-Ruíz HA, Matia-García I, Marino-Ortega LA, Espinoza-Rojo M, Reyes-Castillo Z, Castro-Alarcón N, Castañeda-Saucedo E, Illades-Aguiar B, Parra-Rojas I. Changes in the Expression of Insulin Pathway, Neutrophil Elastase and Alpha 1 Antitrypsin Genes from Leukocytes of Young Individuals with Insulin Resistance. Diabetes Metab Syndr Obes 2022; 15:1865-1876. [PMID: 35757193 PMCID: PMC9215908 DOI: 10.2147/dmso.s362881] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2022] [Accepted: 05/19/2022] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Chronic hyperinsulinemia is a hallmark of insulin resistance that affects a diversity of cells, including leukocytes modifying the expression of some genes involved in insulin signaling. PURPOSE The aim of this study was to evaluate how hyperinsulinemia affects the expression of genes involved in the proximal insulin signaling pathway in leukocytes from 45 young individuals grouped: normal weight with not insulin resistance (NIR), with insulin resistance (IR) and with obesity (OB-IR). METHODS qPCR was performed to analyze the expression of insulin receptor (INSR), insulin receptor substrate 1 and 2 (IRS-1 and IRS-2), neutrophil elastase (NE), alpha 1 antitrypsin (A1AT), glucose transporters 1, 3 and 4 (GLUT-1, GLUT-3 and GLUT-4) by the 2-ΔCt method, and the correlation between the genes was determined by Spearman's test. RESULTS The mRNA expression analysis of all genes between NIR and IR individuals revealed no differences. However, when comparing NIR and IR individuals with OB-IR, an increase in NE and A1AT expression and a clear trend towards a decrease in IRS-2 expression was observed, whereas the comparison of IR and OB-IR showed a decrease in GLUT-3 expression. Overall, the correlation analysis showed that in the IR group there was a positive correlation only between NE with IRS-1 (r = 0.72, p = 0.003), while in the OB-IR group, there was a positive correlation between the NE and A1AT with INSR (r = 0.62, p = 0.01 and r = 0.74, p = 0.002, respectively) and with IRS-2 (r = 0.74, p = 0.002 and r = 0.76, p = 0.001, respectively). CONCLUSION These results suggest that hyperinsulinemia and obesity are associated with changes in the expression of genes in leukocytes involved in the insulin pathway that are related to NE and A1AT.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Walter David Cruz-Pineda
- Laboratorio de Investigación en Obesidad y Diabetes, Facultad de Ciencias Químico-Biológicas, Universidad Autónoma de Guerrero, Chilpancingo, Guerrero, México
| | - Olga Lilia Garibay-Cerdenares
- CONACyT-Universidad Autónoma de Guerrero, Chilpancingo, Guerrero, México
- Laboratorio de Biomedicina Molecular, Facultad de Ciencias Químico-Biológicas, Universidad Autónoma de Guerrero, Chilpancingo, Guerrero, México
- Olga Lilia Garibay-Cerdenares, CONACyT-Universidad Autónoma de Guerrero, Avenida Lázaro Cárdenas S/N, Ciudad Universitaria, Chilpancingo, Guerrero, CP 39090, México, Tel/Fax +52 7474710901, Email
| | - Hugo Alberto Rodríguez-Ruíz
- Laboratorio de Investigación en Obesidad y Diabetes, Facultad de Ciencias Químico-Biológicas, Universidad Autónoma de Guerrero, Chilpancingo, Guerrero, México
- Laboratorio de Biomedicina Molecular, Facultad de Ciencias Químico-Biológicas, Universidad Autónoma de Guerrero, Chilpancingo, Guerrero, México
| | - Inés Matia-García
- Laboratorio de Investigación en Obesidad y Diabetes, Facultad de Ciencias Químico-Biológicas, Universidad Autónoma de Guerrero, Chilpancingo, Guerrero, México
| | - Linda Anahí Marino-Ortega
- Laboratorio de Investigación en Obesidad y Diabetes, Facultad de Ciencias Químico-Biológicas, Universidad Autónoma de Guerrero, Chilpancingo, Guerrero, México
| | - Mónica Espinoza-Rojo
- Laboratorio de Biología Molecular y Genómica, Facultad de Ciencias Químico-Biológicas, Universidad Autónoma de Guerrero, Chilpancingo, Guerrero, México
| | - Zyanya Reyes-Castillo
- Instituto de Investigaciones en Comportamiento Alimentario y Nutrición, Centro Universitario del Sur, Universidad de Guadalajara, Ciudad Guzmán, Jalisco, México
| | - Natividad Castro-Alarcón
- Laboratorio de Investigación en Microbiología, Facultad de Ciencias Químico-Biológicas, Universidad Autónoma de Guerrero, Chilpancingo, Guerrero, México
| | - Eduardo Castañeda-Saucedo
- Laboratorio de Investigación en Biología Celular del Cáncer, Facultad de Ciencias Químico-Biológicas, Universidad Autónoma de Guerrero, Chilpancingo, Guerrero, México
| | - Berenice Illades-Aguiar
- Laboratorio de Biomedicina Molecular, Facultad de Ciencias Químico-Biológicas, Universidad Autónoma de Guerrero, Chilpancingo, Guerrero, México
| | - Isela Parra-Rojas
- Laboratorio de Investigación en Obesidad y Diabetes, Facultad de Ciencias Químico-Biológicas, Universidad Autónoma de Guerrero, Chilpancingo, Guerrero, México
- Correspondence: Isela Parra-Rojas, Laboratorio de Investigación en Obesidad y Diabetes, Facultad de Ciencias Químico Biológicas, Universidad Autónoma de Guerrero, Avenida Lázaro Cárdenas S/N, Ciudad Universitaria, Chilpancingo, Guerrero, CP 39090, México, Tel/Fax +52 7474719310, Email
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
A Novel Mouse Monoclonal Antibody C42 against C-Terminal Peptide of Alpha-1-Antitrypsin. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22042141. [PMID: 33670003 PMCID: PMC7926790 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22042141] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2021] [Revised: 02/17/2021] [Accepted: 02/18/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The C-terminal-fragments of alpha1-antitrypsin (AAT) have been identified and their diverse biological roles have been reported in vitro and in vivo. These findings prompted us to develop a monoclonal antibody that specifically recognizes C-36 peptide (corresponding to residues 359–394) resulting from the protease-associated cleavage of AAT. The C-36-targeting mouse monoclonal Immunoglobulin M (IgM) antibody (containing κ light chains, clone C42) was generated and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA)-tested by Davids Biotechnologie GmbH, Germany. Here, we addressed the effectiveness of the novel C42 antibody in different immunoassay formats, such as dot- and Western blotting, confocal laser microscopy, and flow cytometry. According to the dot-blot results, our novel C42 antibody detects the C-36 peptide at a range of 0.1–0.05 µg and shows no cross-reactivity with native, polymerized, or oxidized forms of full-length AAT, the AAT-elastase complex mixture, as well as with shorter C-terminal fragments of AAT. However, the C42 antibody does not detect denatured peptide in SDS-PAGE/Western blotting assays. On the other hand, our C42 antibody, unconjugated as well as conjugated to DyLight488 fluorophore, when applied for immunofluorescence microscopy and flow cytometry assays, specifically detected the C-36 peptide in human blood cells. Altogether, we demonstrate that our novel C42 antibody successfully recognizes the C-36 peptide of AAT in a number of immunoassays and has potential to become an important tool in AAT-related studies.
Collapse
|
5
|
Lechowicz U, Rudzinski S, Jezela-Stanek A, Janciauskiene S, Chorostowska-Wynimko J. Post-Translational Modifications of Circulating Alpha-1-Antitrypsin Protein. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:E9187. [PMID: 33276468 PMCID: PMC7731214 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21239187] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2020] [Revised: 11/29/2020] [Accepted: 11/30/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Alpha-1-antitrypsin (AAT), an acute-phase protein encoded by the SERPINA1 gene, is a member of the serine protease inhibitor (SERPIN) superfamily. Its primary function is to protect tissues from enzymes released during inflammation, such as neutrophil elastase and proteinase 3. In addition to its antiprotease activity, AAT interacts with numerous other substances and has various functions, mainly arising from the conformational flexibility of normal variants of AAT. Therefore, AAT has diverse biological functions and plays a role in various pathophysiological processes. This review discusses major molecular forms of AAT, including complex, cleaved, glycosylated, oxidized, and S-nitrosylated forms, in terms of their origin and function.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Urszula Lechowicz
- Department of Genetics and Clinical Immunology, National Institute of Tuberculosis and Lung Diseases, 01-138 Warsaw, Poland; (U.L.); (S.R.); (A.J.-S.); (S.J.)
| | - Stefan Rudzinski
- Department of Genetics and Clinical Immunology, National Institute of Tuberculosis and Lung Diseases, 01-138 Warsaw, Poland; (U.L.); (S.R.); (A.J.-S.); (S.J.)
| | - Aleksandra Jezela-Stanek
- Department of Genetics and Clinical Immunology, National Institute of Tuberculosis and Lung Diseases, 01-138 Warsaw, Poland; (U.L.); (S.R.); (A.J.-S.); (S.J.)
| | - Sabina Janciauskiene
- Department of Genetics and Clinical Immunology, National Institute of Tuberculosis and Lung Diseases, 01-138 Warsaw, Poland; (U.L.); (S.R.); (A.J.-S.); (S.J.)
- Member of the German Center for Lung Research DZL, Department of Respiratory Medicine, Biomedical Research in Endstage and Obstructive Lung Disease Hannover BREATH, 30625 Hannover, Germany
| | - Joanna Chorostowska-Wynimko
- Department of Genetics and Clinical Immunology, National Institute of Tuberculosis and Lung Diseases, 01-138 Warsaw, Poland; (U.L.); (S.R.); (A.J.-S.); (S.J.)
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Li C, Cai W, Liu S, Zhou C, Yin H, Sun D, Zhang S. SERPINA1 gene identified in RNA-Seq showed strong association with milk protein concentration in Chinese Holstein cows. PeerJ 2020; 8:e8460. [PMID: 32140298 PMCID: PMC7045893 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.8460] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2019] [Accepted: 12/26/2019] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
The detection of candidate genes and mutations associated with phenotypic traits is important for livestock animals. A previous RNA-Seq study revealed that SERPINA1 gene was a functional candidate that may affect milk protein concentration in dairy cows. To further confirm the genetic effect of SERPINA1 on milk protein traits, genetic polymorphisms were identified and genotype-phenotype associations were performed in a large Chinese Holstein cattle population. The entire coding region and the 5′-regulatory region (5′-UTR) of SERPINA1 was sequenced using pooled DNA of 17 unrelated sires. Association studies for five milk production traits were performed using a mixed model with a population encompassing 1,027 Chinese Holstein cows. A total of four SNPs were identified in SERPINA1, among which rs210222822 and rs41257068 presented in exons, rs207601878 presented in an intron, and rs208607693 was in the 5′-UTR. Analyses of pairwise D′ measures of linkage disequilibrium (LD) showed strong linkage among these four SNPs (D′ = 0.99–1.00), and a 9 Kb haplotype block involving three main haplotypes with GTGT, CCCC and CCGT was inferred. An association study revealed that all four single SNPs and their haplotypes had significant genetic effects on milk protein percentage, milk protein yield and milk yield (P = 0.0458 − < 0.0001). The phenotypic variance ratio for all 11 significant SNP-trait pairs ranged from 1.01% to 7.54%. The candidate gene of SERPINA1 revealed by our previous RNA-Seq study was confirmed to have pronounced effect on milk protein traits on a genome level. Two SNPs (rs208607693 and rs210222822) presented phenotypic variances of approximately 7% and may be used as key or potential markers to assist selection for new lines of cows with high protein concentration.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Cong Li
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China.,Department of Animal Genetics and Breeding, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Wentao Cai
- Department of Animal Genetics and Breeding, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Shuli Liu
- Department of Animal Genetics and Breeding, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Chenghao Zhou
- Department of Animal Genetics and Breeding, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Hongwei Yin
- Department of Animal Genetics and Breeding, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Dongxiao Sun
- Department of Animal Genetics and Breeding, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Shengli Zhang
- Department of Animal Genetics and Breeding, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Early-Stage Staphylococcus aureus Bloodstream Infection Causes Changes in the Concentrations of Lipoproteins and Acute-Phase Proteins and Is Associated with Low Antibody Titers against Bacterial Virulence Factors. mSystems 2020; 5:5/1/e00632-19. [PMID: 31964768 PMCID: PMC6977072 DOI: 10.1128/msystems.00632-19] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
S. aureus sepsis has a high complication and mortality rate. Given the limited therapeutic possibilities, effective prevention strategies, e.g., a vaccine, or the early identification of high-risk patients would be important but are not available. Our study showed an acute-phase response in patients with S. aureus bloodstream infection and evidence that lipoproteins are downregulated in plasma. Using immunoproteomics, stratification of patients appears to be achievable, since at the early stages of systemic S. aureus infection patients had low preexisting anti-S. aureus antibody levels. This strengthens the notion that a robust immune memory for S. aureus protects against infections with the pathogen. Systemic and quantitative investigations of human plasma proteins (proteomics) and Staphylococcus aureus-specific antibodies (immunoproteomics) provide complementary information and hold promise for the discovery of biomarkers in Staphylococcus aureus bloodstream infection (SABSI). Usually, data-dependent acquisition (DDA) is used for proteome analysis of serum or plasma, but data-independent acquisition (DIA) is more comprehensive and reproducible. In this prospective cohort study, we aimed to identify biomarkers associated with the early stages of SABSI using a serum DIA proteomic and immunoproteomic approach. Sera from 49 SABSI patients and 43 noninfected controls were analyzed. In total, 608 human serum proteins were identified with DIA. A total of 386 proteins could be quantified, of which 9 proteins, mainly belonging to acute-phase proteins, were significantly increased, while 7 high-density lipoproteins were lower in SABSI. In SABSI, total anti-S. aureus serum IgG was reduced compared with controls as shown by immunoproteomic quantification of IgG binding to 143 S. aureus antigens. IgG binding to 48 of these anti-S. aureus proteins was significantly lower in SABSI, while anti-Ecb IgG was the only one increased in SABSI. Serum IgG binding to autoinducing peptide MsrB, FadB, EsxA, Pbp2, FadB, SspB, or SodA was very low in SABSI. This marker panel discriminated early SABSI from controls with 95% sensitivity and 100% specificity according to random forest prediction. This holds promise for patient stratification according to their risk of S. aureus infection, underlines the protective function of the adaptive immune system, and encourages further efforts in the development of a vaccine against S. aureus. IMPORTANCES. aureus sepsis has a high complication and mortality rate. Given the limited therapeutic possibilities, effective prevention strategies, e.g., a vaccine, or the early identification of high-risk patients would be important but are not available. Our study showed an acute-phase response in patients with S. aureus bloodstream infection and evidence that lipoproteins are downregulated in plasma. Using immunoproteomics, stratification of patients appears to be achievable, since at the early stages of systemic S. aureus infection patients had low preexisting anti-S. aureus antibody levels. This strengthens the notion that a robust immune memory for S. aureus protects against infections with the pathogen.
Collapse
|
8
|
Gómez-Mariano G, Matamala N, Martínez S, Justo I, Marcacuzco A, Jimenez C, Monzón S, Cuesta I, Garfia C, Martínez MT, Huch M, Pérez de Castro I, Posada M, Janciauskiene S, Martínez-Delgado B. Liver organoids reproduce alpha-1 antitrypsin deficiency-related liver disease. Hepatol Int 2019; 14:127-137. [PMID: 31832977 PMCID: PMC6994530 DOI: 10.1007/s12072-019-10007-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2019] [Accepted: 11/26/2019] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS Alpha-1 antitrypsin (AAT) is a product of SERPINA1 gene mainly expressed by hepatocytes. Clinically relevant mutations in the SERPINA1 gene, such as Z (Glu342Lys), results in an expression of misfolded AAT protein having high propensity to polymerize, accumulate in hepatocytes and thus to enhance a risk for hepatocyte damage and subsequent liver disease. So far, the relationship between the Z-AAT accumulation and liver cell damage remains not completely understood. We present three-dimensional organoid culture systems, as a novel tool for modeling Z-AAT-related liver diseases. METHODS We have established liver organoids from liver biopsies of patients with homozygous (ZZ) and heterozygous (MZ) deficiency and normal (MM) genotypes of AAT. The features of these organoid models were characterized by analyzing AAT protein secretion and intracellular aggregation in MZ and ZZ genotypes as well as SERPINA1 expression in differentiated cultures. RESULTS Transcriptional analysis of differentiated organoid cultures by RNA-Seq showed hepatocyte-specific gene expression profile. Genes, such as ALB, APOB, CYP3A4 and SERPINA1, were validated and confirmed through quantitative-PCR analysis. The organoids from MZ and ZZ cases showed intracellular aggregation and lower secretion of AAT protein, and lower expression of ALB and APOB, as typically seen in hepatocytes from Z-AAT deficiency patients. Furthermore, organoids responded to external stimulus. Treatment with oncostatin M, a well-known inducer of SERPINA1, increased expression of the full-length transcripts (AAT-1C) as well as the short transcript of AAT (AAT-ST1C4). CONCLUSIONS Liver organoid model recapitulates the key features of Z-AAT deficiency and provides a useful tool for disease modeling.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Gema Gómez-Mariano
- Molecular Genetics Unit, Institute of Rare Diseases Research, Institute of Health Carlos III (ISCIII), Ctra. Majadahonda-Pozuelo Km2,200, 28220 Madrid, Spain
| | - Nerea Matamala
- Molecular Genetics Unit, Institute of Rare Diseases Research, Institute of Health Carlos III (ISCIII), Ctra. Majadahonda-Pozuelo Km2,200, 28220 Madrid, Spain
| | - Selene Martínez
- Molecular Genetics Unit, Institute of Rare Diseases Research, Institute of Health Carlos III (ISCIII), Ctra. Majadahonda-Pozuelo Km2,200, 28220 Madrid, Spain
| | - Iago Justo
- General and Digestive Surgery Department, Hospital Doce de Octubre, Madrid, Spain
| | - Alberto Marcacuzco
- General and Digestive Surgery Department, Hospital Doce de Octubre, Madrid, Spain
| | - Carlos Jimenez
- General and Digestive Surgery Department, Hospital Doce de Octubre, Madrid, Spain
| | - Sara Monzón
- Bioinformatics Unit, Institute of Health Carlos III (ISCIII), Madrid, Spain
| | - Isabel Cuesta
- Bioinformatics Unit, Institute of Health Carlos III (ISCIII), Madrid, Spain
| | - Cristina Garfia
- Digestive Department, Hospital Doce de Octubre, Madrid, Spain
| | | | - Meritxell Huch
- Wellcome Trust–Medical Research Council Stem Cell Institute, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Ignacio Pérez de Castro
- Gene Therapy Unit, Institute of Rare Diseases Research, Institute of Health Carlos III (ISCIII), Madrid, Spain
| | - Manuel Posada
- Institute of Rare Diseases Research, Institute of Health Carlos III (ISCIII), Centre for Biomedical Network Research on Rare Diseases, CIBERER, Madrid, Spain
| | - Sabina Janciauskiene
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, German Centre for Lung Research (DZL), Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Beatriz Martínez-Delgado
- Molecular Genetics Unit, Institute of Rare Diseases Research, Institute of Health Carlos III (ISCIII), Ctra. Majadahonda-Pozuelo Km2,200, 28220 Madrid, Spain
- Institute of Rare Diseases Research, Institute of Health Carlos III (ISCIII), Centre for Biomedical Network Research on Rare Diseases, CIBERER, Madrid, Spain
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Lim CH, Adav SS, Sze SK, Choong YK, Saravanan R, Schmidtchen A. Thrombin and Plasmin Alter the Proteome of Neutrophil Extracellular Traps. Front Immunol 2018; 9:1554. [PMID: 30038618 PMCID: PMC6046383 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2018.01554] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2018] [Accepted: 06/22/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) consist of a decondensed DNA scaffold decorated with neutrophil-derived proteins. The proteome of NETs, or "NETome," has been largely elucidated in vitro. However, components such as plasma and extracellular matrix proteins may affect the NETome under physiological conditions. Here, using a reductionistic approach, we explored the effects of two proteases active during injury and wounding, human thrombin and plasmin, on the NETome. Using high-resolution mass spectrometry, we identified a total of 164 proteins, including those previously not described in NETs. The serine proteases, particularly thrombin, were also found to interact with DNA and bound to NETs in vitro. Among the most abundant proteins were those identified previously, including histones, neutrophil elastase, and antimicrobial proteins. We observed reduced histone (H2B, H3, and H4) and neutrophil elastase levels upon the addition of the two proteases. Analyses of NET-derived tryptic peptides identified subtle changes upon protease treatments. Our results provide evidence that exogenous proteases, present during wounding and inflammation, influence the NETome. Taken together, regulation of NETs and their proteins under different physiological conditions may affect their roles in infection, inflammation, and the host response.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chun Hwee Lim
- Interdisciplinary Graduate School, NTU Institute for Health Technologies, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, Singapore.,Lee Kong Chian School of Medicine, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Sunil S Adav
- Lee Kong Chian School of Medicine, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, Singapore.,School of Biological Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Siu Kwan Sze
- School of Biological Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Yeu Khai Choong
- Lee Kong Chian School of Medicine, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Rathi Saravanan
- Lee Kong Chian School of Medicine, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Artur Schmidtchen
- Lee Kong Chian School of Medicine, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, Singapore.,Division of Dermatology and Venereology, Department of Clinical Sciences, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Janciauskiene S, Wrenger S, Immenschuh S, Olejnicka B, Greulich T, Welte T, Chorostowska-Wynimko J. The Multifaceted Effects of Alpha1-Antitrypsin on Neutrophil Functions. Front Pharmacol 2018; 9:341. [PMID: 29719508 PMCID: PMC5914301 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2018.00341] [Citation(s) in RCA: 81] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2017] [Accepted: 03/23/2018] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Neutrophils are the predominant immune cells in human blood possessing heterogeneity, plasticity and functional diversity. The activation and recruitment of neutrophils into inflamed tissue in response to stimuli are tightly regulated processes. Alpha1-Antitrypsin (AAT), an acute phase protein, is one of the potent regulators of neutrophil activation via both -protease inhibitory and non-inhibitory functions. This review summarizes our current understanding of the effects of AAT on neutrophils, illustrating the interplay between AAT and the key effector functions of neutrophils.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sabina Janciauskiene
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Biomedical Research in Endstage and Obstructive Lung Disease Hannover (BREATH), Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
- Department of Genetics and Clinical Immunology, National Institute of Tuberculosis and Lung Diseases, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Sabine Wrenger
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Biomedical Research in Endstage and Obstructive Lung Disease Hannover (BREATH), Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Stephan Immenschuh
- Institute for Transfusion Medicine, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Beata Olejnicka
- Department of Medicine, Trelleborg Hospital, Trelleborg, Sweden
| | - Timm Greulich
- Department of Medicine, Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), University Hospital of Giessen and Marburg, University of Marburg, Marburg, Germany
| | - Tobias Welte
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Biomedical Research in Endstage and Obstructive Lung Disease Hannover (BREATH), Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Joanna Chorostowska-Wynimko
- Department of Genetics and Clinical Immunology, National Institute of Tuberculosis and Lung Diseases, Warsaw, Poland
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Risør MW, Juhl DW, Bjerring M, Mathiesen J, Enghild JJ, Nielsen NC, Otzen DE. Critical Influence of Cosolutes and Surfaces on the Assembly of Serpin-Derived Amyloid Fibrils. Biophys J 2017; 113:580-596. [PMID: 28793213 DOI: 10.1016/j.bpj.2017.06.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2017] [Revised: 06/11/2017] [Accepted: 06/12/2017] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Many proteins and peptides self-associate into highly ordered and structurally similar amyloid cross-β aggregates. This fibrillation is critically dependent on properties of the protein and the surrounding environment that alter kinetic and thermodynamic equilibria. Here, we report on dominating surface and solution effects on the fibrillogenic behavior and amyloid assembly of the C-36 peptide, a circulating bioactive peptide from the α1-antitrypsin serine protease inhibitor. C-36 converts from an unstructured peptide to mature amyloid twisted-ribbon fibrils over a few hours when incubated on polystyrene plates under physiological conditions through a pathway dominated by surface-enhanced nucleation. In contrast, in plates with nonbinding surfaces, slow bulk nucleation takes precedence over surface catalysis and leads to fibrillar polymorphism. Fibrillation is strongly ion-sensitive, underlining the interplay between hydrophilic and hydrophobic forces in molecular self-assembly. The addition of exogenous surfaces in the form of silica glass beads and polyanionic heparin molecules potently seeds the amyloid conversion process. In particular, heparin acts as an interacting template that rapidly forces β-sheet aggregation of C-36 to distinct amyloid species within minutes and leads to a more homogeneous fibril population according to solid-state NMR analysis. Heparin's template effect highlights its role in amyloid seeding and homogeneous self-assembly, which applies both in vitro and in vivo, where glycosaminoglycans are strongly associated with amyloid deposits. Our study illustrates the versatile thermodynamic landscape of amyloid formation and highlights how different experimental conditions direct C-36 into distinct macromolecular structures.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Michael W Risør
- Center for Insoluble Protein Structures (inSPIN), Interdisciplinary Nanoscience Center (iNANO), Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark; Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark.
| | - Dennis W Juhl
- Center for Insoluble Protein Structures (inSPIN), Interdisciplinary Nanoscience Center (iNANO), Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark; Department of Chemistry, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Morten Bjerring
- Center for Insoluble Protein Structures (inSPIN), Interdisciplinary Nanoscience Center (iNANO), Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark; Department of Chemistry, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
| | | | - Jan J Enghild
- Center for Insoluble Protein Structures (inSPIN), Interdisciplinary Nanoscience Center (iNANO), Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark; Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Niels C Nielsen
- Center for Insoluble Protein Structures (inSPIN), Interdisciplinary Nanoscience Center (iNANO), Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark; Department of Chemistry, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Daniel E Otzen
- Center for Insoluble Protein Structures (inSPIN), Interdisciplinary Nanoscience Center (iNANO), Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark; Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark.
| |
Collapse
|