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Nagar N, Naidu G, Panda SK, Gulati K, Singh RP, Poluri KM. Elucidating the role of chemokines in inflammaging associated atherosclerotic cardiovascular diseases. Mech Ageing Dev 2024; 220:111944. [PMID: 38782074 DOI: 10.1016/j.mad.2024.111944] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2024] [Revised: 05/08/2024] [Accepted: 05/14/2024] [Indexed: 05/25/2024]
Abstract
Age-related inflammation or inflammaging is a critical deciding factor of physiological homeostasis during aging. Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) are exquisitely associated with aging and inflammation and are one of the leading causes of high mortality in the elderly population. Inflammaging comprises dysregulation of crosstalk between the vascular and cardiac tissues that deteriorates the vasculature network leading to development of atherosclerosis and atherosclerotic-associated CVDs in elderly populations. Leukocyte differentiation, migration and recruitment holds a crucial position in both inflammaging and atherosclerotic CVDs through relaying the activity of an intricate network of inflammation-associated protein-protein interactions. Among these interactions, small immunoproteins such as chemokines play a major role in the progression of inflammaging and atherosclerosis. Chemokines are actively involved in lymphocyte migration and severe inflammatory response at the site of injury. They relay their functions via chemokine-G protein-coupled receptors-glycosaminoglycan signaling axis and is a principal part for the detection of age-related atherosclerosis and related CVDs. This review focuses on highlighting the detailed intricacies of the effects of chemokine-receptor interaction and chemokine oligomerization on lymphocyte recruitment and its evident role in clinical manifestations of atherosclerosis and related CVDs. Further, the role of chemokine mediated signaling for formulating next-generation therapeutics against atherosclerosis has also been discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nupur Nagar
- Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Roorkee, Roorkee, Uttarakhand 247667, India
| | - Goutami Naidu
- Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Roorkee, Roorkee, Uttarakhand 247667, India
| | - Santosh Kumar Panda
- Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Roorkee, Roorkee, Uttarakhand 247667, India
| | - Khushboo Gulati
- Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Roorkee, Roorkee, Uttarakhand 247667, India
| | - Ravindra Pal Singh
- Department of Industrial Biotechnology, Gujarat Biotechnology University, Gujarat International Finance Tec-City, Gandhinagar, Gujarat 382355, India
| | - Krishna Mohan Poluri
- Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Roorkee, Roorkee, Uttarakhand 247667, India; Centre for Nanotechnology, Indian Institute of Technology Roorkee, Roorkee, Uttarakhand 247667, India.
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Germano DB, Silveira ALPA, Kim YJ, do Amaral JB, Shio MT, da Silva Nali LH, Dos Santos Ferreira CE, Miyahira A, Fonseca FAH, Bachi ALL, Pallos D, França CN. Expression of monocyte chemokine receptors in diabetes after non-surgical periodontal treatment: A pilot study. Cytokine 2024; 178:156579. [PMID: 38471419 DOI: 10.1016/j.cyto.2024.156579] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2023] [Revised: 01/29/2024] [Accepted: 03/06/2024] [Indexed: 03/14/2024]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of non-surgical periodontal treatment in the expression of chemokine receptors, in individuals with Periodontitis, associated or not with Diabetes. Pilot study, which included patients (n = 45) with Periodontitis, associated (n = 25) or not (n = 20) with Diabetes, submitted to the non-surgical periodontal treatment for one month. The expression of chemokine receptors CCR2, CCR5, and CX3CR1 at the mRNA level was evaluated in the peripheral mononuclear cells, as well as the expression of these receptors at the protein level was verified in monocyte subtypes (classical, intermediate, and non-classical monocytes). There was higher expression of CCR2 and CCR5 receptors at the initial visit in the group with Diabetes, with no differences for CX3CR1 (p = 0.002; p = 0.018, and p = 0.896, respectively), without differences after treatment. There was higher expression of CCR2 and CCR5 proteins in the group with Diabetes at the initial visit for classical, intermediate, and nonclassical monocytes, with no differences for CX3CR1 (CCR2: p = 0.004; p = 0.026; p = 0.024; CCR5: 0.045; p = 0.045; p = 0.013; CX3CR1: p = 0.424; p = 0.944; p = 0.392, respectively), without differences after the end of treatment. Concerning each group separately, there were reductions in the expression of CCR2 as well as CCR5 in classical, intermediate, and nonclassical monocytes, and reduction of CX3CR1 in classical monocytes after treatment in the group with Diabetes (p = 0.003; p = 0.006; p = 0.039; p = 0.007; p = 0.006; p = 0.004; p = 0.019, respectively), without differences in the group without Diabetes. The expression of the chemokine receptors CCR2 and CCR5, in patients with Periodontitis associated with Diabetes, is favorably modified after the end of the non-surgical periodontal treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Yeon Jung Kim
- Odontology Post Graduation, Santo Amaro University, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Jônatas Bussador do Amaral
- Federal University of Sao Paulo, ENT Research Laboratory, Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery Department, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Marina Tiemi Shio
- Health Sciences Post Graduation, Santo Amaro University, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Débora Pallos
- Odontology Post Graduation, Santo Amaro University, Sao Paulo, Brazil.
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3
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Liao J, Yang X, Yang J, Xiao J, Liu X, Zhuo Y, Yang J, Gu H. Fractalkine modulates pulmonary angiogenesis and tube formation by modulating CX3CR1 and growth factors in PVECs. Open Life Sci 2023; 18:20220670. [PMID: 38239497 PMCID: PMC10795007 DOI: 10.1515/biol-2022-0670] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2023] [Revised: 05/29/2023] [Accepted: 07/06/2023] [Indexed: 01/22/2024] Open
Abstract
This study aimed to investigate effects of pulmonary fractalkine (FKN/CX3CL1) on angiogenesis and tube formation. Tube forming capability of pulmonary vascular endothelial cells (PVECs) was evaluated. CCK-8 assay was used to evaluate proliferation of PVECs. RT-PCR assay was used to determine angiogenesis specific biomarkers. Western blot was applied to identify CX3CR1, Akt, phosphorylated Akt (p-Akt), Erk1/2, phosphorylated Erk1/2 (p-Erk1/2), vascular endothelial growth factor A (VEGFA), and inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) expression. VEGF-A and platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF) levels were examined using ELISA. FKN was safe and triggered tube formation in PVECs. FKN significantly enhanced VEGF-A, PDGF, and iNOS gene transcription compared to the Control group (p < 0.05). CX3CR1 interfering (LV5-CX3CR1 shRNA) remarkably reduced CX3CR1 expression compared to those in LV5 blank group (p < 0.05). Ratios of p-Akt/Akt and p-Erk/Erk were significantly decreased in CX3CR1 shRNA-treated PVECs administered Akt inhibitor (or Erk inhibitor) and 10 ng/mL FKN compared to CX3CR1 shRNA-treated PVECs administered 10 ng/mL FKN (p < 0.05). FKN increased VEGF-A and iNOS expression through activating Akt/Erk pathway. FKN promoted VEGF-A/iNOS expression and triggered p-Akt/Akt and p-Erk/Erk pathway through modulating CX3CR1. FKN-treated macrophages enhanced activation of Akt/Erk pathway. FKN-treated macrophages enhanced PDGF and VEGF-1 expression in PVECs. FKN modulated pulmonary angiogenesis and tube formation through modulating CX3CR1 and growth factors and activating p-Akt/Akt and p-Erk/Erk signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Liao
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, No. 28, Guiyi Street, Yunyan District, Guiyang550002, P. R. China
| | - Xianwu Yang
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, No. 28, Guiyi Street, Yunyan District, Guiyang550002, P. R. China
| | - Jiejie Yang
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, P. R. China
| | - Jingjing Xiao
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, P. R. China
| | - Xuyang Liu
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, P. R. China
| | - Yingquan Zhuo
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, No. 28, Guiyi Street, Yunyan District, Guiyang550002, P. R. China
| | - Jiafei Yang
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, No. 28, Guiyi Street, Yunyan District, Guiyang550002, P. R. China
| | - Huajian Gu
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, No. 28, Guiyi Street, Yunyan District, Guiyang550002, P. R. China
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Popa-Fotea NM, Ferdoschi CE, Micheu MM. Molecular and cellular mechanisms of inflammation in atherosclerosis. Front Cardiovasc Med 2023; 10:1200341. [PMID: 37600028 PMCID: PMC10434786 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2023.1200341] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2023] [Accepted: 07/14/2023] [Indexed: 08/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Atherosclerosis and its complications are a major cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide in spite of the improved medical and invasive treatment in terms of revascularization. Atherosclerosis is a dynamic, multi-step process in which inflammation is a ubiquitous component participating in the initiation, development, and entanglements of the atherosclerotic plaque. After activation, the immune system, either native or acquired, is part of the atherosclerotic dynamics enhancing the pro-atherogenic function of immune or non-immune cells, such as endothelial cells, smooth muscle cells, or platelets, through mediators such as cytokines or directly by cell-to-cell interaction. Cytokines are molecules secreted by the activated cells mentioned above that mediate the inflammatory component of atherosclerosis whose function is to stimulate the immune cells and the production of further cytokines. This review provides insights of the cell axis activation and specific mechanisms and pathways through which inflammation actuates atherosclerosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicoleta-Monica Popa-Fotea
- Department 4 Cardio-Thoracic Pathology, University of Medicine and Pharmacy “Carol Davila,”Bucharest, Romania
- Cardiology Department, Emergency Clinical Hospital, Bucharest, Romania
| | - Corina-Elena Ferdoschi
- Department 4 Cardio-Thoracic Pathology, University of Medicine and Pharmacy “Carol Davila,”Bucharest, Romania
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Huang H, Ren P, Zhao Y, Weng H, Jia C, Yu F, Nie Y. Low shear stress induces inflammatory response via CX3CR1/NF-κB signal pathway in human umbilical vein endothelial cells. Tissue Cell 2023; 82:102043. [PMID: 36827822 DOI: 10.1016/j.tice.2023.102043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2022] [Revised: 02/15/2023] [Accepted: 02/16/2023] [Indexed: 02/19/2023]
Abstract
Low shear stress (LSS) has been reported to induce atherosclerosis. However, the molecular mechanisms underlying inflammation induced by LSS are still poorly understood. The objective of our study is the comprehensive identification of molecular circuitry involved in low shear stress-induced inflammation in human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) through protein profiling and cell function experiment. In this study, Western blotting analyses revealed a significant increase in the expression of CX3CR1, nucleusP65, intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1), vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 (VCAM-1) and Interleukin-6 (IL-6), while the expression of cytosolic P65 and IκB has significantly decreased in HUVECs treated with low shear stress. CX3CR1 Sh-RNA was use to reveal its effect on LSS-induced inflammation. Further, specific NF-κB P65 inhibitors pyrrolidinedithiocarbamate (PDTC) were used to reveal the downstream NF-κB P65 exclusively involved in LSS-induced inflammation in HUVECs, this effect can be abrogated by CX3CR1 sh-RNA and NF-κB inhibitors. Monocyte adhesion assay and scratch test revealed low shear stress to promotes adhesion of monocytes and migration of cells, this effect can be abrogated by CX3CR1 sh-RNA and NF-κB inhibitors. LSS was involved in the expression of adhesion molecules and chemokines, which are important for the initiation of endothelial inflammation-related atherosclerosis. Therefore, the cell signaling pathways activated by LSS in endothelial cells may represent therapeutic targets of atherosclerosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haozhong Huang
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of the Southwest Medical University, Luzhou 646000, Sichuan, PR China.
| | - Peile Ren
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi 830011, Xinjiang, PR China.
| | - Yiwei Zhao
- The School of Medicine, Huanghe S&T College, Zhengzhou 450063, Henan, PR China.
| | - Huimin Weng
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of the Southwest Medical University, Luzhou 646000, Sichuan, PR China.
| | - Chunsen Jia
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of the Southwest Medical University, Luzhou 646000, Sichuan, PR China.
| | - Fengxu Yu
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of the Southwest Medical University, Luzhou 646000, Sichuan, PR China; Luzhou Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Diseases, Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou 646000, Sichuan, PR China; Metabolic Vascular Diseases Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Luzhou 646000, Sichuan, PR China.
| | - Yongmei Nie
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of the Southwest Medical University, Luzhou 646000, Sichuan, PR China; Luzhou Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Diseases, Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou 646000, Sichuan, PR China; Metabolic Vascular Diseases Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Luzhou 646000, Sichuan, PR China.
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6
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Nemska S, Gassmann M, Bang ML, Frossard N, Tavakoli R. Antagonizing the CX3CR1 Receptor Markedly Reduces Development of Cardiac Hypertrophy After Transverse Aortic Constriction in Mice. J Cardiovasc Pharmacol 2021; 78:792-801. [PMID: 34882111 DOI: 10.1097/fjc.0000000000001130] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2020] [Accepted: 08/01/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
ABSTRACT Left-ventricular hypertrophy, characterized by cardiomyocyte hypertrophy, interstitial cell proliferation, and immune cell infiltration, is a high risk factor for heart failure and death. Chemokines interacting with G protein-coupled chemokine receptors probably play a role in left-ventricular hypertrophy development by promoting recruitment of activated leukocytes and modulating left-ventricular remodeling. Using the minimally invasive model of transverse aortic constriction in mice, we demonstrated that a variety of chemokine and chemokine receptor messenger Ribonucleic Acid are overexpressed in the early and late phase of hypertrophy progression. Among the chemokine receptors, Cx3cr1 and Ccr2 were most strongly overexpressed and were significantly upregulated at 3, 7, and 14 days after transverse aortic constriction. Ligands of CX3CR1 (Cx3cl1) and CCR2 (Ccl2, Ccl7, Ccl12) were significantly overexpressed in the left ventricle at the early stages after mechanical pressure overload. Pharmacological inhibition of CX3CR1 signaling using the antagonist AZD8797 led to a significant reduction of hypertrophy, whereas inhibition of CCR2 with the RS504393 antagonist did not show any effect. Furthermore, AZD8797 treatment reduced the expression of the hypertrophic marker genes Nppa and Nppb as well as the profibrotic genes Tgfb1 and Col1a1 at 14 days after transverse aortic constriction. These findings strongly suggest the involvement of the CX3CR1/CX3CL1 pathway in the pathogenesis of left-ventricular hypertrophy.
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MESH Headings
- Animals
- Aorta/physiopathology
- Aorta/surgery
- Atrial Natriuretic Factor/genetics
- Atrial Natriuretic Factor/metabolism
- CX3C Chemokine Receptor 1/antagonists & inhibitors
- CX3C Chemokine Receptor 1/genetics
- CX3C Chemokine Receptor 1/metabolism
- Chemokine CX3CL1/genetics
- Chemokine CX3CL1/metabolism
- Collagen Type I, alpha 1 Chain/genetics
- Collagen Type I, alpha 1 Chain/metabolism
- Constriction
- Disease Models, Animal
- Fibrosis
- Hypertrophy, Left Ventricular/etiology
- Hypertrophy, Left Ventricular/metabolism
- Hypertrophy, Left Ventricular/physiopathology
- Hypertrophy, Left Ventricular/prevention & control
- Male
- Mice, Inbred C57BL
- Myocytes, Cardiac/drug effects
- Myocytes, Cardiac/metabolism
- Myocytes, Cardiac/pathology
- Natriuretic Peptide, Brain/genetics
- Natriuretic Peptide, Brain/metabolism
- Pyrimidines/pharmacology
- Signal Transduction
- Thiazoles/pharmacology
- Time Factors
- Transforming Growth Factor beta1/genetics
- Transforming Growth Factor beta1/metabolism
- Ventricular Function, Left/drug effects
- Ventricular Remodeling/drug effects
- Mice
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Affiliation(s)
- Simona Nemska
- Institute of Veterinary Physiology and Zurich Center for Integrative Human Physiology (ZIHP), University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
- Laboratoire d'Innovation Thérapeutique UMR 7200, LabEx Medalis, CNRS, Faculté de Pharmacie, Université de Strasbourg, Illkirch, France
| | - Max Gassmann
- Institute of Veterinary Physiology and Zurich Center for Integrative Human Physiology (ZIHP), University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Marie-Louise Bang
- IRCCS Humanitas Research Hospital, Rozzano, Milan, Italy; and
- Institute of Genetic and Biomedical Research (IRGB) - National Research Council (CNR), Milan Unit, Milan, Italy
| | - Nelly Frossard
- Laboratoire d'Innovation Thérapeutique UMR 7200, LabEx Medalis, CNRS, Faculté de Pharmacie, Université de Strasbourg, Illkirch, France
| | - Reza Tavakoli
- Institute of Veterinary Physiology and Zurich Center for Integrative Human Physiology (ZIHP), University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
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Aryankalayil MJ, Martello S, Bylicky MA, Chopra S, May JM, Shankardass A, MacMillan L, Sun L, Sanjak J, Vanpouille-Box C, Eke I, Coleman CN. Analysis of lncRNA-miRNA-mRNA expression pattern in heart tissue after total body radiation in a mouse model. J Transl Med 2021; 19:336. [PMID: 34364390 PMCID: PMC8349067 DOI: 10.1186/s12967-021-02998-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2020] [Accepted: 07/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Radiation therapy is integral to effective thoracic cancer treatments, but its application is limited by sensitivity of critical organs such as the heart. The impacts of acute radiation-induced damage and its chronic effects on normal heart cells are highly relevant in radiotherapy with increasing lifespans of patients. Biomarkers for normal tissue damage after radiation exposure, whether accidental or therapeutic, are being studied as indicators of both acute and delayed effects. Recent research has highlighted the potential importance of RNAs, including messenger RNAs (mRNAs), microRNAs (miRNAs), and long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) as biomarkers to assess radiation damage. Understanding changes in mRNA and non-coding RNA expression will elucidate biological pathway changes after radiation. Methods To identify significant expression changes in mRNAs, lncRNAs, and miRNAs, we performed whole transcriptome microarray analysis of mouse heart tissue at 48 h after whole-body irradiation with 1, 2, 4, 8, and 12 Gray (Gy). We also validated changes in specific lncRNAs through RT-qPCR. Ingenuity Pathway Analysis (IPA) was used to identify pathways associated with gene expression changes. Results We observed sustained increases in lncRNAs and mRNAs, across all doses of radiation. Alas2, Aplnr, and Cxc3r1 were the most significantly downregulated mRNAs across all doses. Among the significantly upregulated mRNAs were cell-cycle arrest biomarkers Gdf15, Cdkn1a, and Ckap2. Additionally, IPA identified significant changes in gene expression relevant to senescence, apoptosis, hemoglobin synthesis, inflammation, and metabolism. LncRNAs Abhd11os, Pvt1, Trp53cor1, and Dino showed increased expression with increasing doses of radiation. We did not observe any miRNAs with sustained up- or downregulation across all doses, but miR-149-3p, miR-6538, miR-8101, miR-7118-5p, miR-211-3p, and miR-3960 were significantly upregulated after 12 Gy. Conclusions Radiation-induced RNA expression changes may be predictive of normal tissue toxicities and may indicate targetable pathways for radiation countermeasure development and improved radiotherapy treatment plans. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12967-021-02998-w.
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Affiliation(s)
- Molykutty J Aryankalayil
- Radiation Oncology Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, 10 Center Drive, Room B3B406, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA.
| | - Shannon Martello
- Radiation Oncology Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, 10 Center Drive, Room B3B406, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA
| | - Michelle A Bylicky
- Radiation Oncology Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, 10 Center Drive, Room B3B406, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA
| | - Sunita Chopra
- Radiation Oncology Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, 10 Center Drive, Room B3B406, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA
| | - Jared M May
- Radiation Oncology Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, 10 Center Drive, Room B3B406, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA
| | - Aman Shankardass
- Radiation Oncology Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, 10 Center Drive, Room B3B406, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA
| | | | - Landy Sun
- Gryphon Scientific, Takoma Park, MD, 20912, USA
| | | | | | - Iris Eke
- Radiation Oncology Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, 10 Center Drive, Room B3B406, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA.,Department of Radiation Oncology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA
| | - C Norman Coleman
- Radiation Oncology Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, 10 Center Drive, Room B3B406, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA.,Radiation Research Program, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Rockville, MD, 20850, USA
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8
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Dounousi E, Duni A, Naka KK, Vartholomatos G, Zoccali C. The Innate Immune System and Cardiovascular Disease in ESKD: Monocytes and Natural Killer Cells. Curr Vasc Pharmacol 2021; 19:63-76. [PMID: 32600233 DOI: 10.2174/1570161118666200628024027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2020] [Revised: 05/22/2020] [Accepted: 05/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Adverse innate immune responses have been implicated in several disease processes, including cardiovascular disease (CVD) and chronic kidney disease (CKD). The monocyte subsets natural killer (NK) cells and natural killer T (NKT) cells are involved in innate immunity. Monocytes subsets are key in atherogenesis and the inflammatory cascade occurring in heart failure. Upregulated activity and counts of proinflammatory CD16+ monocyte subsets are associated with clinical indices of atherosclerosis, heart failure syndromes and CKD. Advanced CKD is a complex state of persistent systemic inflammation characterized by elevated expression of proinflammatory and pro-atherogenic CD14++CD16+ monocytes, which are associated with cardiovascular events and death both in the general population and among patients with CKD. Diminished NK cells and NKT cells counts and aberrant activity are observed in both coronary artery disease and end-stage kidney disease. However, evidence of the roles of NK cells and NKT cells in atherogenesis in advanced CKD is circumstantial and remains to be clarified. This review describes the available evidence regarding the roles of specific immune cell subsets in the pathogenesis of CVD in patients with CKD. Future research is expected to further uncover the links between CKD associated innate immune system dysregulation and accelerated CVD and will ideally be translated into therapeutic targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Evangelia Dounousi
- Department of Nephrology, Medical School, University of Ioannina, Ioannina, Greece
| | - Anila Duni
- Department of Nephrology, Medical School, University of Ioannina, Ioannina, Greece
| | - Katerina K Naka
- 2nd Department of Cardiology, Medical School, University of Ioannina, Ioannina, Greece
| | - Georgios Vartholomatos
- Laboratory of Haematology - Unit of Molecular Biology, University Hospital of Ioannina, Ioannina, Greece
| | - Carmine Zoccali
- Institute of Clinical Physiology-Reggio Cal Unit, National Research Council, Reggio Calabria, Italy
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9
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Ye J, Wang H, Cui L, Chu S, Chen N. The progress of chemokines and chemokine receptors in autism spectrum disorders. Brain Res Bull 2021; 174:268-280. [PMID: 34077795 DOI: 10.1016/j.brainresbull.2021.05.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2021] [Revised: 05/19/2021] [Accepted: 05/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Autism spectrum disorders (ASD) are a group of neurodevelopmental disorders and the main symptoms of ASD are impairments in social communication and abnormal behavioral patterns. Studies have shown that immune dysfunction and neuroinflammation play a key role in ASD patients and experimental models. Chemokines are groups of small proteins that regulate cell migration and mediate inflammation responses via binding to chemokine receptors. Thus, chemokines/chemokine receptors may be involved in neurodevelopmental disorders and associated with ASD. In this review, we summarize the research progress of chemokine aberrations in ASD and also review the recent progress of clinical treatment of ASD and pharmacological research related to chemokines/chemokine receptors. This review highlights the possible connection between chemokines/chemokine receptors and ASD, and provides novel potential targets for drug discovery of ASD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junrui Ye
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Functions of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica and Neuroscience Center, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100050, China
| | - Hongyun Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Functions of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica and Neuroscience Center, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100050, China
| | - Liyuan Cui
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Functions of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica and Neuroscience Center, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100050, China
| | - Shifeng Chu
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Functions of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica and Neuroscience Center, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100050, China.
| | - Naihong Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Functions of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica and Neuroscience Center, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100050, China.
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10
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Gencer S, Evans BR, van der Vorst EP, Döring Y, Weber C. Inflammatory Chemokines in Atherosclerosis. Cells 2021; 10:cells10020226. [PMID: 33503867 PMCID: PMC7911854 DOI: 10.3390/cells10020226] [Citation(s) in RCA: 94] [Impact Index Per Article: 31.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2020] [Revised: 01/18/2021] [Accepted: 01/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Atherosclerosis is a long-term, chronic inflammatory disease of the vessel wall leading to the formation of occlusive or rupture-prone lesions in large arteries. Complications of atherosclerosis can become severe and lead to cardiovascular diseases (CVD) with lethal consequences. During the last three decades, chemokines and their receptors earned great attention in the research of atherosclerosis as they play a key role in development and progression of atherosclerotic lesions. They orchestrate activation, recruitment, and infiltration of immune cells and subsequent phenotypic changes, e.g., increased uptake of oxidized low-density lipoprotein (oxLDL) by macrophages, promoting the development of foam cells, a key feature developing plaques. In addition, chemokines and their receptors maintain homing of adaptive immune cells but also drive pro-atherosclerotic leukocyte responses. Recently, specific targeting, e.g., by applying cell specific knock out models have shed new light on their functions in chronic vascular inflammation. This article reviews recent findings on the role of immunomodulatory chemokines in the development of atherosclerosis and their potential for targeting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Selin Gencer
- Institute for Cardiovascular Prevention, Ludwig-Maximilians-University, 80336 Munich, Germany; (S.G.); (E.P.C.v.d.V.); (Y.D.)
| | - Bryce R. Evans
- Department of Angiology, Swiss Cardiovascular Center, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, 3010 Bern, Switzerland; (B.R.E.)
| | - Emiel P.C. van der Vorst
- Institute for Cardiovascular Prevention, Ludwig-Maximilians-University, 80336 Munich, Germany; (S.G.); (E.P.C.v.d.V.); (Y.D.)
- German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner Site Munich Heart Alliance, 80336 Munich, Germany
- Interdisciplinary Center for Clinical Research (IZKF), Institute for Molecular Cardiovascular Research (IMCAR), RWTH Aachen University, 52074 Aachen, Germany
- Department of Pathology, Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht (CARIM), Maastricht University, 6229 ER Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Yvonne Döring
- Institute for Cardiovascular Prevention, Ludwig-Maximilians-University, 80336 Munich, Germany; (S.G.); (E.P.C.v.d.V.); (Y.D.)
- Department of Angiology, Swiss Cardiovascular Center, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, 3010 Bern, Switzerland; (B.R.E.)
- German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner Site Munich Heart Alliance, 80336 Munich, Germany
| | - Christian Weber
- Institute for Cardiovascular Prevention, Ludwig-Maximilians-University, 80336 Munich, Germany; (S.G.); (E.P.C.v.d.V.); (Y.D.)
- German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner Site Munich Heart Alliance, 80336 Munich, Germany
- Department of Biochemistry, Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht (CARIM), Maastricht University Medical Centre, 6229 ER Maastricht, The Netherlands
- Munich Cluster for Systems Neurology (SyNergy), 80336 Munich, Germany
- Correspondence:
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Zhou JJ, Wang YM, Lee VWS, Zhang GY, Medbury H, Williams H, Wang Y, Tan TK, Harris DCH, Alexander SI, Durkan AM. DEC205-DC targeted DNA vaccine against CX3CR1 protects against atherogenesis in mice. PLoS One 2018; 13:e0195657. [PMID: 29641559 PMCID: PMC5895033 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0195657] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2017] [Accepted: 03/27/2018] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Studies disrupting the chemokine pathway CX3CL1 (fractalkine)/ CX3CR1 have shown decreased atherosclerosis in animal models but the techniques used to interrupt the pathway have not been easily translatable into human trials. DNA vaccination potentially overcomes the translational difficulties. We evaluated the effect of a DNA vaccine, targeted to CX3CR1, on atherosclerosis in a murine model and examined possible mechanisms of action. DNA vaccination against CX3CR1, enhanced by dendritic cell targeting using DEC-205 single chain variable region fragment (scFv), was performed in 8 week old ApoE-/- mice, fed a normal chow diet. High levels of anti-CX3CR1 antibodies were induced in vaccinated mice. There were no apparent adverse reactions to the vaccine. Arterial vessels of 34 week old mice were examined histologically for atherosclerotic plaque size, macrophage infiltration, smooth muscle cell infiltration and lipid deposition. Vaccinated mice had significantly reduced atherosclerotic plaque in the brachiocephalic artery. There was less macrophage infiltration but no significant change to the macrophage phenotype in the plaques. There was less lipid deposition in the lesions, but there was no effect on smooth muscle cell migration. Targeted DNA vaccination to CX3CR1 was well tolerated, induced a strong immune response and resulted in attenuated atherosclerotic lesions with reduced macrophage infiltration. DNA vaccination against chemokine pathways potentially offers a potential therapeutic option for the treatment of atherosclerosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jimmy Jianheng Zhou
- Centre for Kidney Research, Children’s Hospital at Westmead, Westmead, NSW, Australia
- University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Yuan Min Wang
- Centre for Kidney Research, Children’s Hospital at Westmead, Westmead, NSW, Australia
| | - Vincent W. S. Lee
- University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
- Centre for Transplantation and Renal Research, University of Sydney at Westmead Institute of Medical Research, Westmead, NSW, Australia
| | - Geoff Yu Zhang
- Centre for Kidney Research, Children’s Hospital at Westmead, Westmead, NSW, Australia
| | - Heather Medbury
- Vascular Biology Research Centre, Surgery, University of Sydney, Westmead Hospital, University of Sydney, Westmead, NSW, Australia
| | - Helen Williams
- Vascular Biology Research Centre, Surgery, University of Sydney, Westmead Hospital, University of Sydney, Westmead, NSW, Australia
| | - Ya Wang
- Centre for Transplantation and Renal Research, University of Sydney at Westmead Institute of Medical Research, Westmead, NSW, Australia
| | - Thian Kui Tan
- Centre for Transplantation and Renal Research, University of Sydney at Westmead Institute of Medical Research, Westmead, NSW, Australia
| | - David C. H. Harris
- University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
- Centre for Transplantation and Renal Research, University of Sydney at Westmead Institute of Medical Research, Westmead, NSW, Australia
| | - Stephen I. Alexander
- Centre for Kidney Research, Children’s Hospital at Westmead, Westmead, NSW, Australia
- University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Anne M. Durkan
- Centre for Kidney Research, Children’s Hospital at Westmead, Westmead, NSW, Australia
- University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
- * E-mail:
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