1
|
Briercheck EL, Ravishankar S, Ahmed EH, Carías Alvarado CC, Barrios Menéndez JC, Silva O, Solórzano-Ortiz E, Siliézar Tala MM, Stevenson P, Xu Y, Wohns AW, Enriquez-Vera D, Barrionuevo C, Yu SC, Freud AG, Oakes C, Weigel C, Weinstock DM, Klimaszewski HL, Ngankeu A, Mutalima N, Samayoa-Reyes G, Newton R, Rochford R, Valvert F, Natkunam Y, Shustov A, Baiocchi RA, Warren EH. Geographic EBV variants confound disease-specific variant interpretation and predict variable immune therapy responses. Blood Adv 2024; 8:3731-3744. [PMID: 38815238 PMCID: PMC11296253 DOI: 10.1182/bloodadvances.2023012461] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2024] [Revised: 04/11/2024] [Accepted: 05/14/2024] [Indexed: 06/01/2024] Open
Abstract
ABSTRACT Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) is a potent carcinogen linked to hematologic and solid malignancies and causes significant global morbidity and mortality. Therapy using allogeneic EBV-specific lymphocytes shows promise in certain populations, but the impact of EBV genome variation on these strategies remains unexplored. To address this, we sequenced 217 EBV genomes, including hematologic malignancies from Guatemala, Peru, Malawi, and Taiwan, and analyzed them alongside 1307 publicly available EBV genomes from cancer, nonmalignant diseases, and healthy individuals across Africa, Asia, Europe, North America, and South America. These included, to our knowledge, the first natural killer (NK)/T-cell lymphoma (NKTCL) EBV genomes reported outside of East Asia. Our findings indicate that previously proposed EBV genome variants specific to certain cancer types are more closely tied to geographic origin than to cancer histology. This included variants previously reported to be specific to NKTCL but were prevalent in EBV genomes from other cancer types and healthy individuals in East Asia. After controlling for geographic region, we did identify multiple NKTCL-specific variants associated with a 7.8-fold to 21.9-fold increased risk. We also observed frequent variations in EBV genomes that affected peptide sequences previously reported to bind common major histocompatibility complex alleles. Finally, we found several nonsynonymous variants spanning the coding sequences of current vaccine targets BALF4, BKRF2, BLLF1, BXLF2, BZLF1, and BZLF2. These results highlight the need to consider geographic variation in EBV genomes when devising strategies for exploiting adaptive immune responses against EBV-related cancers, ensuring greater global effectiveness and equity in prevention and treatment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Edward L. Briercheck
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA
- Clinical Research Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center, Seattle, WA
| | - Shashidhar Ravishankar
- Clinical Research Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center, Seattle, WA
- Translational Science and Therapeutics Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center, Seattle, WA
| | - Elshafa Hassan Ahmed
- Comprehensive Cancer Center, The James Cancer Hospital and Solove Research Institute, Columbus, OH
| | - César Camilo Carías Alvarado
- Laboratorio de Investigación Biológica en Cáncer, Liga Nacional Contra el Cáncer & Instituto de Cancerología, Guatemala City, Guatemala
| | - Juan Carlos Barrios Menéndez
- Laboratorio de Investigación Biológica en Cáncer, Liga Nacional Contra el Cáncer & Instituto de Cancerología, Guatemala City, Guatemala
| | - Oscar Silva
- Department of Pathology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA
- Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA
| | - Elizabeth Solórzano-Ortiz
- Laboratorio de Investigación Biológica en Cáncer, Liga Nacional Contra el Cáncer & Instituto de Cancerología, Guatemala City, Guatemala
| | - Marcos Mauricio Siliézar Tala
- Laboratorio de Investigación Biológica en Cáncer, Liga Nacional Contra el Cáncer & Instituto de Cancerología, Guatemala City, Guatemala
| | - Philip Stevenson
- Division of Clinical Biostatistics, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center, Seattle, WA
| | - Yuexin Xu
- Clinical Research Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center, Seattle, WA
- Translational Science and Therapeutics Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center, Seattle, WA
| | | | - Daniel Enriquez-Vera
- Department of Pathology, Instituto Nacional de Enfermedades Neoplásicas, Lima, Peru
| | - Carlos Barrionuevo
- Department of Pathology, Instituto Nacional de Enfermedades Neoplásicas, Lima, Peru
| | - Shan-Chi Yu
- Department of Pathology at National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Aharon G. Freud
- Comprehensive Cancer Center, The James Cancer Hospital and Solove Research Institute, Columbus, OH
- Department of Pathology Comprehensive Cancer Center, The James Cancer Hospital and Solove Research Institute, Columbus, OH
| | - Christopher Oakes
- Comprehensive Cancer Center, The James Cancer Hospital and Solove Research Institute, Columbus, OH
- Division of Hematology, Department of Internal Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH
| | - Christoph Weigel
- Comprehensive Cancer Center, The James Cancer Hospital and Solove Research Institute, Columbus, OH
- Division of Hematology, Department of Internal Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH
| | - David M. Weinstock
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA
| | | | - Apollinaire Ngankeu
- Comprehensive Cancer Center, The James Cancer Hospital and Solove Research Institute, Columbus, OH
| | - Nora Mutalima
- Epidemiology and Genetics Unit, Department of Health Sciences, University of York, York, United Kingdom
| | - Gabriela Samayoa-Reyes
- Department of Immunology and Microbiology, University of Colorado, Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO
| | - Robert Newton
- Epidemiology and Genetics Unit, Department of Health Sciences, University of York, York, United Kingdom
| | - Rosemary Rochford
- Department of Immunology and Microbiology, University of Colorado, Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO
| | - Fabiola Valvert
- Laboratorio de Investigación Biológica en Cáncer, Liga Nacional Contra el Cáncer & Instituto de Cancerología, Guatemala City, Guatemala
| | - Yasodha Natkunam
- Department of Pathology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA
- Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA
| | - Andrei Shustov
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA
- Clinical Research Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center, Seattle, WA
| | - Robert A. Baiocchi
- Comprehensive Cancer Center, The James Cancer Hospital and Solove Research Institute, Columbus, OH
- Division of Hematology, Department of Internal Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH
| | - Edus H. Warren
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA
- Clinical Research Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center, Seattle, WA
- Translational Science and Therapeutics Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center, Seattle, WA
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Müller‐Meinhard B, Seifert N, Grund J, Reinke S, Yalcin F, Kaul H, Borchmann S, von Tresckow B, Borchmann P, Plütschow A, Richter J, Engert A, Altenbuchinger M, Bröckelmann PJ, Klapper W. Human leukocyte antigen (HLA) class I expression on Hodgkin-Reed-Sternberg cells is an EBV-independent major determinant of microenvironment composition in classic Hodgkin lymphoma. Hemasphere 2024; 8:e84. [PMID: 38836098 PMCID: PMC11145947 DOI: 10.1002/hem3.84] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2024] [Revised: 03/22/2024] [Accepted: 05/02/2024] [Indexed: 06/06/2024] Open
Abstract
Hodgkin-Reed-Sternberg cells (HRSCs) in classic Hodgkin Lymphoma (HL) frequently lack expression of human leukocyte antigen class I (HLA-I), considered to hamper activation of cytotoxic T cells in the tumor microenvironment (TME). Here, we demonstrate HLA-I expression on HRSCs to be a strong determinant of TME composition whereas expression of HLA-II was associated with only minor differential gene expression in the TME. In HLA-I-positive HL the HRSC content and expression of CCL17/TARC in HRSCs are low, independent of the presence of Epstein-Barr virus in HRSCs. Additionally, HLA-I-positive HL shows a high content of CD8+ cytotoxic T cells. However, an increased expression of the inhibitory immune checkpoint LAG3 on CD8+ T cells in close proximity to HRSCs is observed. Suggesting interference with cytotoxic activity, we observed an absence of clonally expanded T cells in the TME. While HLA-I-positive HL is not associated with an unfavorable clinical course in our cohorts, they share features with the recently described H2 subtype of HL. Given the major differences in TME composition, immune checkpoint inhibitors may differ in their mechanism of action in HLA-I-positive compared to HLA-I-negative HL.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Berit Müller‐Meinhard
- Hematopathology Section and Lymph Node Registry, Department of PathologyUniversity Hospital Schleswig‐HolsteinKielGermany
| | - Nicole Seifert
- Department of Medical BioinformaticsUniversity Medical Center GöttingenGöttingenGermany
| | - Johanna Grund
- Hematopathology Section and Lymph Node Registry, Department of PathologyUniversity Hospital Schleswig‐HolsteinKielGermany
| | - Sarah Reinke
- Hematopathology Section and Lymph Node Registry, Department of PathologyUniversity Hospital Schleswig‐HolsteinKielGermany
| | - Fatih Yalcin
- Hematopathology Section and Lymph Node Registry, Department of PathologyUniversity Hospital Schleswig‐HolsteinKielGermany
| | - Helen Kaul
- Department I of Internal Medicine, Center for Integrated Oncology Aachen Bonn Cologne Düsseldorf (CIO ABCD) and German Hodgkin Study Group (GHSG), Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital of CologneUniversity of CologneCologneGermany
- German Hodgkin Study Group (GHSG)CologneGermany
| | - Sven Borchmann
- Department I of Internal Medicine, Center for Integrated Oncology Aachen Bonn Cologne Düsseldorf (CIO ABCD) and German Hodgkin Study Group (GHSG), Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital of CologneUniversity of CologneCologneGermany
- German Hodgkin Study Group (GHSG)CologneGermany
| | - Bastian von Tresckow
- Department I of Internal Medicine, Center for Integrated Oncology Aachen Bonn Cologne Düsseldorf (CIO ABCD) and German Hodgkin Study Group (GHSG), Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital of CologneUniversity of CologneCologneGermany
- German Hodgkin Study Group (GHSG)CologneGermany
- Department of Hematology and Stem Cell Transplantation, West German Cancer Center and German Cancer Consortium (DKTK partner site Essen), University Hospital EssenUniversity of Duisburg‐EssenEssenGermany
| | - Peter Borchmann
- Department I of Internal Medicine, Center for Integrated Oncology Aachen Bonn Cologne Düsseldorf (CIO ABCD) and German Hodgkin Study Group (GHSG), Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital of CologneUniversity of CologneCologneGermany
- German Hodgkin Study Group (GHSG)CologneGermany
| | - Annette Plütschow
- Department I of Internal Medicine, Center for Integrated Oncology Aachen Bonn Cologne Düsseldorf (CIO ABCD) and German Hodgkin Study Group (GHSG), Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital of CologneUniversity of CologneCologneGermany
- German Hodgkin Study Group (GHSG)CologneGermany
| | - Julia Richter
- Hematopathology Section and Lymph Node Registry, Department of PathologyUniversity Hospital Schleswig‐HolsteinKielGermany
| | - Andreas Engert
- Department I of Internal Medicine, Center for Integrated Oncology Aachen Bonn Cologne Düsseldorf (CIO ABCD) and German Hodgkin Study Group (GHSG), Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital of CologneUniversity of CologneCologneGermany
- German Hodgkin Study Group (GHSG)CologneGermany
| | | | - Paul J. Bröckelmann
- Department I of Internal Medicine, Center for Integrated Oncology Aachen Bonn Cologne Düsseldorf (CIO ABCD) and German Hodgkin Study Group (GHSG), Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital of CologneUniversity of CologneCologneGermany
- German Hodgkin Study Group (GHSG)CologneGermany
- Mildred Scheel School of Oncology Aachen Bonn Cologne Düsseldorf (MSSO ABCD)CologneGermany
- Max‐Planck Institute for Biology of AgeingCologneGermany
| | - Wolfram Klapper
- Hematopathology Section and Lymph Node Registry, Department of PathologyUniversity Hospital Schleswig‐HolsteinKielGermany
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Choi SS, Choi H, Baek IC, Park SA, Park JS, Kim TG, Jeun SS, Ahn S. HLA polymorphisms and risk of glioblastoma in Koreans. PLoS One 2021; 16:e0260618. [PMID: 34882724 PMCID: PMC8659341 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0260618] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2021] [Accepted: 11/13/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose Immune responses for cancer cells can be altered according to genetic variation of human leukocyte antigen (HLA). Association of HLA polymorphism with risk of various cancer types is well known. However, the association between HLA and glioblastoma (GBM) remains uncertain. We sought to evaluate the association of HLA polymorphism with risk of GBM development in Koreans. Materials and methods A case-control study was performed to identify the odds ratios (OR) of HLA class I and II genes for GBM. The control group consisted of 142 healthy Korean volunteers, and the GBM group was 80 patients with newly diagnosed GBM at our institution. HLA class I (-A, -B, and–C) and class II (-DR, -DQ, and–DP) genotyping was performed by high-resolution polymerase chain reaction (PCR)-sequence-based typing (PCR-SBT) methods. Results There were significantly decreased frequencies of HLA-A*26:02 (OR 0.22 CI 0.05–0.98), HLA-C*08:01 (OR 0.29 CI 0.10–0.87), and HLA-DRB1*08:03 (OR 0.32 CI 0.11–0.98), while there was significantly increased frequency of HLA-C*04:01 (OR 2.29 CI 1.05–4.97). In analysis of haplotypes, the frequency of DRB1*14:05-DQB1*05:03 was significantly decreased (OR 0.22 CI 0.05–0.98). Conclusion This study suggests that genetic variations of HLA may affect GBM development in Koreans. Further investigations with larger sample sizes are needed to delineate any potential role of the HLA polymorphisms in the pathogenesis of GBM development.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sang-Soo Choi
- Department of Neurosurgery, Seoul St. Mary’s Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Haeyoun Choi
- Department of Microbiology, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, South Korea
| | - In-Cheol Baek
- Catholic Hematopoietic Stem Cell Bank, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Soon A. Park
- Department of Biomedicine and Health Sciences, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Jae-Sung Park
- Department of Neurosurgery, Seoul St. Mary’s Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Tai-Gyu Kim
- Department of Microbiology, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, South Korea
- Department of Biomedicine and Health Sciences, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Sin-Soo Jeun
- Department of Neurosurgery, Seoul St. Mary’s Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Stephen Ahn
- Department of Neurosurgery, Seoul St. Mary’s Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, South Korea
- * E-mail:
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Jiang P, Veenstra RN, Seitz A, Nolte IM, Hepkema BG, Visser L, van den Berg A, Diepstra A. Interaction between ERAP Alleles and HLA Class I Types Support a Role of Antigen Presentation in Hodgkin Lymphoma Development. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:cancers13030414. [PMID: 33499248 PMCID: PMC7865538 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13030414] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2021] [Revised: 01/18/2021] [Accepted: 01/19/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Hodgkin lymphoma (HL) is a common lymphoma in young adults derived from B cells. Emerging evidence suggests that antigen presentation by the malignant B cells is critically involved in HL pathogenesis. In fact, genetic variants of the antigen presenting Human Leukocyte Antigens (HLA) are strongly associated with HL susceptibility. Interestingly, the endoplasmic reticulum aminopeptidase (ERAP)1 and ERAP2 genes, that code for enzymes that process antigens, also appear to be associated. In this study, we show that genetic variants of ERAP genes strongly affect expression levels of ERAP1 and ERAP2. In addition, we find that certain ERAP variants interact with specific HLA class I types in HL patients. This suggests that mechanisms that determine the repertoire of antigens that are presented to the immune system, affect the chance of developing HL. Our findings therefore support a prominent role of antigen presentation in HL susceptibility. Abstract Genetic variants in the HLA region are the strongest risk factors for developing Hodgkin lymphoma (HL), suggesting an important role for antigen presentation. This is supported by another HL-associated genomic region which contains the loci of two enzymes that process endogenous proteins to peptides to be presented by HLA class I, i.e., endoplasmic reticulum aminopeptidase 1 (ERAP1) and ERAP2. We hypothesized that ERAP and HLA class I type interact in HL susceptibility, as shown previously for several autoimmune diseases. We detected ERAP1 and ERAP2 expression in tumor cells and cells in the microenvironment in primary HL tissue samples. Seven ERAP SNPs and ERAP1 haplotypes showed strong associations with RNA and protein levels of ERAP1 and ERAP2 in LCLs and HL cell lines. Analysis of HLA class I types, ERAP SNPs and ERAP haplotypes by direct genotyping or imputation from genome-wide association data in 390 HL patients revealed significant interactions between HLA-A11, rs27038 and the rs27038 associated ERAP haplotype, as well as between HLA-Cw2 and rs26618. In conclusion, our results show that ERAP and HLA class I interact in genetic susceptibility to HL, providing further evidence that antigen presentation is an important process in HL susceptibility and pathogenesis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Peijia Jiang
- Department of Pathology and Medical Biology, University of Groningen, University Medical Centre Groningen, 9700 RB Groningen, The Netherlands; (P.J.); (R.N.V.); (A.S.); (L.V.); (A.v.d.B.)
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Shenyang Huanggu National Defense Hospital, Shenyang 110032, China
| | - Rianne N. Veenstra
- Department of Pathology and Medical Biology, University of Groningen, University Medical Centre Groningen, 9700 RB Groningen, The Netherlands; (P.J.); (R.N.V.); (A.S.); (L.V.); (A.v.d.B.)
| | - Annika Seitz
- Department of Pathology and Medical Biology, University of Groningen, University Medical Centre Groningen, 9700 RB Groningen, The Netherlands; (P.J.); (R.N.V.); (A.S.); (L.V.); (A.v.d.B.)
| | - Ilja M. Nolte
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Groningen, University Medical Centre Groningen, 9700 RB Groningen, The Netherlands;
| | - Bouke G. Hepkema
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, University of Groningen, University Medical Centre Groningen, 9700 RB Groningen, The Netherlands;
| | - Lydia Visser
- Department of Pathology and Medical Biology, University of Groningen, University Medical Centre Groningen, 9700 RB Groningen, The Netherlands; (P.J.); (R.N.V.); (A.S.); (L.V.); (A.v.d.B.)
| | - Anke van den Berg
- Department of Pathology and Medical Biology, University of Groningen, University Medical Centre Groningen, 9700 RB Groningen, The Netherlands; (P.J.); (R.N.V.); (A.S.); (L.V.); (A.v.d.B.)
| | - Arjan Diepstra
- Department of Pathology and Medical Biology, University of Groningen, University Medical Centre Groningen, 9700 RB Groningen, The Netherlands; (P.J.); (R.N.V.); (A.S.); (L.V.); (A.v.d.B.)
- Correspondence:
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Assing K, Nielsen C, Jakobsen M, Andersen CB, Skogstrand K, Gaini S, Preiss B, Mortensen SB, Skov MN, Rasmussen LD. Potential anti-EBV effects associated with elevated interleukin-21 levels: a case report. BMC Infect Dis 2020; 20:878. [PMID: 33228556 PMCID: PMC7685648 DOI: 10.1186/s12879-020-05609-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2020] [Accepted: 11/10/2020] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Germinal center derived memory B cells and plasma cells constitute, in health and during EBV reactivation, the largest functional EBV reservoir. Hence, by reducing germinal center derived formation of memory B cells and plasma cells, EBV loads may be reduced. Animal and in-vitro models have shown that IL-21 can support memory B and plasma cell formation and thereby potentially contribute to EBV persistence. However, IL-21 also displays anti-viral effects, as mice models have shown that CD4+ T cell produced IL-21 is critical for the differentiation, function and survival of anti-viral CD8+ T cells able to contain chronic virus infections. CASE PRESENTATION We present immunological work-up (flow-cytometry, ELISA and genetics) related to a patient suffering from a condition resembling B cell chronic active EBV infection, albeit with moderately elevated EBV copy numbers. No mutations in genes associated with EBV disease, common variable immunodeficiency or pertaining to the IL-21 signaling pathway (including hypermorphic IL-21 mutations) were found. Increased (> 5-fold increase 7 days post-vaccination) CD4+ T cell produced (p < 0.01) and extracellular IL-21 levels characterized our patient and coexisted with: CD8+ lymphopenia, B lymphopenia, hypogammaglobulinemia, compromised memory B cell differentiation, absent induction of B-cell lymphoma 6 protein (Bcl-6) dependent peripheral follicular helper T cells (pTFH, p = 0.01), reduced frequencies of peripheral CD4+ Bcl-6+ T cells (p = 0.05), compromised plasmablast differentiation (reduced protein vaccine responses (p < 0.001) as well as reduced Treg frequencies. Supporting IL-21 mediated suppression of pTFH formation, pTFH and CD4+ IL-21+ frequencies were strongly inversely correlated, prior to and after vaccination, in the patient and in controls, Spearman's rho: - 0.86, p < 0.001. CONCLUSIONS To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report of elevated CD4+ IL-21+ T cell frequencies in human EBV disease. IL-21 overproduction may, apart from driving T cell mediated anti-EBV responses, disrupt germinal center derived memory B cell and plasma cell formation, and thereby contribute to EBV disease control.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kristian Assing
- Department of Clinical Immunology, Odense University Hospital, J.B. Winsloevs Vej 4, 5000, Odense, Denmark.
| | - Christian Nielsen
- Department of Clinical Immunology, Odense University Hospital, J.B. Winsloevs Vej 4, 5000, Odense, Denmark
| | - Marianne Jakobsen
- Department of Clinical Immunology, Odense University Hospital, J.B. Winsloevs Vej 4, 5000, Odense, Denmark
| | | | - Kristin Skogstrand
- Department of Congenital Disorders, Center for Neonatal Screening, Statens Serum Institut, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Shahin Gaini
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Odense University Hospital, Odense, Denmark
| | - Birgitte Preiss
- Department of Pathology, Odense University Hospital, Odense, Denmark
| | - Sussi Bagge Mortensen
- Department of Clinical Immunology, Odense University Hospital, J.B. Winsloevs Vej 4, 5000, Odense, Denmark
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
6
|
Nagpal P, Descalzi-Montoya DB, Lodhi N. The circuitry of the tumor microenvironment in adult and pediatric Hodgkin lymphoma: cellular composition, cytokine profile, EBV, and exosomes. Cancer Rep (Hoboken) 2020; 4:e1311. [PMID: 33103852 PMCID: PMC8451374 DOI: 10.1002/cnr2.1311] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2020] [Revised: 09/15/2020] [Accepted: 10/05/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Classical Hodgkin lymphoma (cHL) is a unique lymphoid malignancy with a tumor microenvironment (TME) consisting of a small number of neoplastic-Hodgkin and Reed-Sternberg (H-RS) cells (<1%), surrounded by a large number of nonneoplastic infiltrating immune cells (>90%). The TME of cHL critically depends on immune cells to support tumor growth as H-RS cells cannot survive and proliferate in isolation. RECENT FINDINGS Programmed cell death protein 1 (PD-1) ligand expressed on H-RS cells inhibits the clearance of tumor by causing T-cell exhaustion. Nivolumab and pembrolizumab, PD-1 inhibitors, have been proven to be effective in treating adult and pediatric patients with R/R cHL. Tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) are a central component of TME and are known to cause poor prognosis in adult HL. However, the prognostic impact of CD68+ TAMs in pediatric HL remains ambiguous. EBV modulates the tumor milieu of HL and plays a strategic role in immune escape by enrichment of the TME with Treg cells and associated immunosuppressive cytokines in adult HL. In contrast, EBV+ pediatric patients have increased infiltration of CD8+ T-cells and show a better therapeutic response suggesting viral-related TME is distinct in childhood HL. The role of CASP3 in apoptosis of H-RS cells and its correlation with response prediction in adult and pediatric HL suggest it may serve as a potential biomarker. In cHL, CD30, EBV, and NF-κB signaling employ exosomes for cell-cell communication that triggers the migration capacity of fibroblasts, stimulate to produce proinflammatory cytokines, and help to create a tumor-supportive microenvironment. CONCLUSION The cHL microenvironment is distinct in adult and pediatric HL. Future studies are required to understand the role of interplay between H-RS cells and EBV-associated microenvironment and their clinical outcome. They may present novel therapeutic targets for the development of antilymphoma therapy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Poonam Nagpal
- College of Natural, Applied, and Health Sciences, Kean University, Union, New Jersey, USA
| | - Dante B Descalzi-Montoya
- Center for Discovery and Innovation, The John Theurer Cancer Center, Hackensack-Meridian Health, Nutley, New Jersey, USA
| | - Niraj Lodhi
- Department of Immunotherapeutics and Biotechnology, Texas Tech University Health Science Center, Abilene, Texas, USA
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Li Q, Cohen JI. Epstein-Barr Virus and the Human Leukocyte Antigen Complex. CURRENT CLINICAL MICROBIOLOGY REPORTS 2019; 6:175-181. [PMID: 33094090 DOI: 10.1007/s40588-019-00120-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Purpose While most adults are infected Epstein-Barr virus (EBV), 3-5% remain uninfected. The human leukocyte antigen (HLA) complex, which controls many pathogens, may influence infection and disease associated with EBV. Recent Findings Numerous EBV proteins and miRNAs down-regulate HLA class I and II expression on the cell surface. HLA class II functions as a receptor for EBV entry into B cells. Specific HLA class II alleles correlate with the susceptibility of B cells to EBV infection in vitro and with EBV seropositivity or seronegativity of humans. HLA class I polymorphisms correlate with development and severity of EBV infectious mononucleosis and with the risk of several virus-associated malignancies including nasopharyngeal carcinoma, Hodgkin lymphoma, and post-transplant lymphoproliferative disease. Significance These findings indicate that while EBV has evolved to use MHC class II as a receptor for virus entry, polymorphisms in MHC class II and class I influence virus infection and disease.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Qingxue Li
- Medical Virology Section, Laboratory of Infectious Diseases, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD
| | - Jeffrey I Cohen
- Medical Virology Section, Laboratory of Infectious Diseases, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
EBV as a potential risk factor for hepatobiliary system cancer: A meta-analysis with 918 cases. Pathol Res Pract 2019; 215:278-285. [DOI: 10.1016/j.prp.2018.10.037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2018] [Revised: 10/23/2018] [Accepted: 10/31/2018] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
|