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Vincent AM, Sordillo LM, Smedley RC, Gandy JC, Brown JL, Langlois DK. Peripheral markers of oxidative stress in Labrador retrievers with copper-associated hepatitis. J Small Anim Pract 2021; 62:866-873. [PMID: 34029383 DOI: 10.1111/jsap.13361] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2020] [Revised: 03/14/2021] [Accepted: 04/29/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To evaluate biomarkers of oxidative stress in dogs with copper-associated hepatitis (CAH) as compared with healthy controls, and to evaluate if these markers correlate with hepatic copper concentrations and hepatic histopathologic features. MATERIALS AND METHODS Prospective study. Plasma reactive metabolite concentrations, plasma antioxidant potential, and plasma and urine isoprostane concentrations were determined in Labrador retrievers with copper-associated hepatitis (n=9) as well as in breed- and sex-matched (n=9) and age- and sex-matched (n=9) healthy control populations. Possible correlations between markers of oxidative stress and hepatic histopathological features also were investigated. RESULTS Reactive metabolites (median, range) were over twofold greater in dogs with copper-associated hepatitis (87.2 RFU/μL, 60.9 to 185.6 RFU/μL) as compared to breed- and sex-matched (38.2 RFU/μL, 22.4 to 116.8 RFU/μL) and age- and sex-matched controls (32.0 RFU/μL, 18.5 to 127.4 RFU/μL). Antioxidant potential was decreased in copper-associated hepatitis dogs (6.5 TE/μL, 5.1 to 7.7 TE/μL) as compared to breed- and sex-matched controls (8.2 TE/μL, 5.3 to 11.8 TE/μL). Both reactive metabolite concentrations and the reactive metabolite to antioxidant potential ratio were positively correlated with hepatic copper concentrations. Plasma and urine isoprostanes were variable and not significantly different between populations. CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE Labrador retrievers with copper-associated hepatitis have altered oxidant status. Plasma reactive metabolite concentrations and the reactive metabolite to antioxidant potential ratio could be useful biomarkers. However, neither plasma nor urine isoprostanes were useful biomarkers for copper-associated hepatitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- A M Vincent
- From the Departments of Small Animal Clinical Sciences (Vincent, Langlois) and Large Animal Clinical Sciences (Sordillo, Gandy, Brown), and the Veterinary Diagnostic Laboratory (Smedley), College of Veterinary Medicine, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, USA
| | - L M Sordillo
- From the Departments of Small Animal Clinical Sciences (Vincent, Langlois) and Large Animal Clinical Sciences (Sordillo, Gandy, Brown), and the Veterinary Diagnostic Laboratory (Smedley), College of Veterinary Medicine, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, USA
| | - R C Smedley
- From the Departments of Small Animal Clinical Sciences (Vincent, Langlois) and Large Animal Clinical Sciences (Sordillo, Gandy, Brown), and the Veterinary Diagnostic Laboratory (Smedley), College of Veterinary Medicine, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, USA
| | - J C Gandy
- From the Departments of Small Animal Clinical Sciences (Vincent, Langlois) and Large Animal Clinical Sciences (Sordillo, Gandy, Brown), and the Veterinary Diagnostic Laboratory (Smedley), College of Veterinary Medicine, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, USA
| | - J L Brown
- From the Departments of Small Animal Clinical Sciences (Vincent, Langlois) and Large Animal Clinical Sciences (Sordillo, Gandy, Brown), and the Veterinary Diagnostic Laboratory (Smedley), College of Veterinary Medicine, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, USA
| | - D K Langlois
- From the Departments of Small Animal Clinical Sciences (Vincent, Langlois) and Large Animal Clinical Sciences (Sordillo, Gandy, Brown), and the Veterinary Diagnostic Laboratory (Smedley), College of Veterinary Medicine, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, USA
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de Lima AO, Afonso J, Edson J, Marcellin E, Palfreyman R, Porto-Neto LR, Reverter A, Fortes MRS. Network Analyses Predict Small RNAs That Might Modulate Gene Expression in the Testis and Epididymis of Bos indicus Bulls. Front Genet 2021; 12:610116. [PMID: 33995471 PMCID: PMC8120238 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2021.610116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2020] [Accepted: 03/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Spermatogenesis relies on complex molecular mechanisms, essential for the genesis and differentiation of the male gamete. Germ cell differentiation starts at the testicular parenchyma and finishes in the epididymis, which has three main regions: head, body, and tail. RNA-sequencing data of the testicular parenchyma (TP), head epididymis (HE), and tail epididymis (TE) from four bulls (three biopsies per bull: 12 samples) were subjected to differential expression analyses, functional enrichment analyses, and co-expression analyses. The aim was to investigate the co-expression and infer possible regulatory roles for transcripts involved in the spermatogenesis of Bos indicus bulls. Across the three pairwise comparisons, 3,826 differentially expressed (DE) transcripts were identified, of which 384 are small RNAs. Functional enrichment analysis pointed to gene ontology (GO) terms related to ion channel activity, detoxification of copper, neuroactive receptors, and spermatogenesis. Using the regulatory impact factor (RIF) algorithm, we detected 70 DE small RNAs likely to regulate the DE transcripts considering all pairwise comparisons among tissues. The pattern of small RNA co-expression suggested that these elements are involved in spermatogenesis regulation. The 3,826 DE transcripts (mRNAs and small RNAs) were further subjected to co-expression analyses using the partial correlation and information theory (PCIT) algorithm for network prediction. Significant correlations underpinned the co-expression network, which had 2,216 transcripts connected by 158,807 predicted interactions. The larger network cluster was enriched for male gamete generation and had 15 miRNAs with significant RIF. The miRNA bta-mir-2886 showed the highest number of connections (601) and was predicted to down-regulate ELOVL3, FEZF2, and HOXA13 (negative co-expression correlations and confirmed with TargetScan). In short, we suggest that bta-mir-2886 and other small RNAs might modulate gene expression in the testis and epididymis, in Bos indicus cattle.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andressa O de Lima
- Department of Production and Animal Health, School of Veterinary Medicine, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Araçatuba, Brazil
| | - Juliana Afonso
- Department of Animal Science, University of São Paulo/ESALQ, Piracicaba, Brazil
| | - Janette Edson
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Biosciences, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, QLD, Australia
| | - Esteban Marcellin
- Australian Institute for Bioengineering and Nanotechnology (AIBN), The University of Queensland, St Lucia, QLD, Australia
| | - Robin Palfreyman
- Australian Institute for Bioengineering and Nanotechnology (AIBN), The University of Queensland, St Lucia, QLD, Australia
| | - Laercio R Porto-Neto
- CSIRO Agriculture and Food, Queensland Bioscience Precinct, St. Lucia, QLD, Australia
| | - Antonio Reverter
- CSIRO Agriculture and Food, Queensland Bioscience Precinct, St. Lucia, QLD, Australia
| | - Marina R S Fortes
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Biosciences, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, QLD, Australia
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Nakaichi M, Iseri T, Horikirizono H, Komine M, Itoh H, Sunahara H, Nemoto Y, Itamoto K, Tani K. Copper-associated hepatitis in a young Dalmatian dog in Japan. J Vet Med Sci 2021; 83:911-915. [PMID: 33840721 PMCID: PMC8267186 DOI: 10.1292/jvms.21-0061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/05/2022] Open
Abstract
A male 25-month-old Dalmatian dog attended our veterinary hospital because of anorexia and high circulating liver enzyme activities. Abdominal computed
tomography showed a slightly small liver with rounded edges, and laparoscopic examination showed that the liver was yellowish. Histopathological examination
revealed multifocal necrosis of hepatocytes and severe chronic hepatitis. Rhodanine staining showed severe copper accumulation in hepatocytes and a quantitative
analysis of the copper content of the liver showed substantial accumulation (10.3 mg/g dry mass), suggesting a diagnosis of copper-associated hepatitis.
Previously reported canine mutation in the COMMD1, the gene responsible for the copper-associated hepatitis in the Bedlington terrier, was not
identified. To our knowledge, this is the first report of copper-associated hepatitis in a Dalmatian in Japan.
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Affiliation(s)
- Munekazu Nakaichi
- Department of Veterinary Radiology, Joint Faculty of Veterinary Science, Yamaguchi University, Yamaguchi, Yamaguchi 753-8515, Japan
| | - Toshie Iseri
- Department of Veterinary Radiology, Joint Faculty of Veterinary Science, Yamaguchi University, Yamaguchi, Yamaguchi 753-8515, Japan
| | - Hiro Horikirizono
- Department of Veterinary Radiology, Joint Faculty of Veterinary Science, Yamaguchi University, Yamaguchi, Yamaguchi 753-8515, Japan
| | - Misa Komine
- IDEXX Laboratories K.K., Koganei, Tokyo 184-8515, Japan
| | - Harumichi Itoh
- Department of Veterinary Small Animal Clinical Science, Joint Faculty of Veterinary Science, Yamaguchi University, Yamaguchi, Yamaguchi 753-8515, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Sunahara
- Department of Veterinary Surgery, Joint Faculty of Veterinary Science, Yamaguchi University, Yamaguchi, Yamaguchi 753-8515, Japan
| | - Yuki Nemoto
- Department of Veterinary Surgery, Joint Faculty of Veterinary Science, Yamaguchi University, Yamaguchi, Yamaguchi 753-8515, Japan
| | - Kazuhito Itamoto
- Department of Veterinary Small Animal Clinical Science, Joint Faculty of Veterinary Science, Yamaguchi University, Yamaguchi, Yamaguchi 753-8515, Japan
| | - Kenji Tani
- Department of Veterinary Surgery, Joint Faculty of Veterinary Science, Yamaguchi University, Yamaguchi, Yamaguchi 753-8515, Japan
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Muchenditsi A, Talbot CC, Gottlieb A, Yang H, Kang B, Boronina T, Cole R, Wang L, Dev S, Hamilton JP, Lutsenko S. Systemic deletion of Atp7b modifies the hepatocytes' response to copper overload in the mouse models of Wilson disease. Sci Rep 2021; 11:5659. [PMID: 33707579 PMCID: PMC7952580 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-84894-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2020] [Accepted: 02/09/2021] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Wilson disease (WD) is caused by inactivation of the copper transporter Atp7b and copper overload in tissues. Mice with Atp7b deleted either globally (systemic inactivation) or only in hepatocyte recapitulate various aspects of human disease. However, their phenotypes vary, and neither the common response to copper overload nor factors contributing to variability are well defined. Using metabolic, histologic, and proteome analyses in three Atp7b-deficient mouse strains, we show that global inactivation of Atp7b enhances and specifically modifies the hepatocyte response to Cu overload. The loss of Atp7b only in hepatocytes dysregulates lipid and nucleic acid metabolisms and increases the abundance of respiratory chain components and redox balancing enzymes. In global knockouts, independently of their background, the metabolism of lipid, nucleic acid, and amino acids is inhibited, respiratory chain components are down-regulated, inflammatory response and regulation of chromosomal replication are enhanced. Decrease in glucokinase and lathosterol oxidase and elevation of mucin-13 and S100A10 are observed in all Atp7b mutant strains and reflect the extent of liver injury. The magnitude of proteomic changes in Atp7b-/- animals inversely correlates with the metallothioneins levels rather than liver Cu content. These findings facilitate identification of WD-specific metabolic and proteomic changes for diagnostic and treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abigael Muchenditsi
- Department of Physiology, Johns Hopkins Medical Institutes, 725 N Wolfe street, Baltimore, MD, 21205, USA
| | - C Conover Talbot
- Core Analysis Unit, Johns Hopkins Medical Institutes, Baltimore, MD, 21205, USA
| | - Aline Gottlieb
- Department of Physiology, Johns Hopkins Medical Institutes, 725 N Wolfe street, Baltimore, MD, 21205, USA
| | - Haojun Yang
- Department of Physiology, Johns Hopkins Medical Institutes, 725 N Wolfe street, Baltimore, MD, 21205, USA
| | - Byunghak Kang
- Department of Molecular and Comparative Pathobiology, Johns Hopkins Medical Institutes, Baltimore, MD, 21205, USA
- Novartis Institutes for Biomedical Research, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Tatiana Boronina
- Mass Spectrometry and Proteomics Facility, Johns Hopkins Medical Institutes, Baltimore, MD, 21205, USA
| | - Robert Cole
- Mass Spectrometry and Proteomics Facility, Johns Hopkins Medical Institutes, Baltimore, MD, 21205, USA
| | - Li Wang
- Department of Physiology, Johns Hopkins Medical Institutes, 725 N Wolfe street, Baltimore, MD, 21205, USA
| | - Som Dev
- Department of Physiology, Johns Hopkins Medical Institutes, 725 N Wolfe street, Baltimore, MD, 21205, USA
| | - James P Hamilton
- Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins Medical Institutes, Baltimore, MD, 21205, USA
| | - Svetlana Lutsenko
- Department of Physiology, Johns Hopkins Medical Institutes, 725 N Wolfe street, Baltimore, MD, 21205, USA.
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Zhang F, Guo S, Zhong W, Huang K, Liu Y. Integrative Analysis of Metallothioneins Identifies MT1H as Candidate Prognostic Biomarker in Hepatocellular Carcinoma. Front Mol Biosci 2021; 8:672416. [PMID: 34676244 PMCID: PMC8523949 DOI: 10.3389/fmolb.2021.672416] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2021] [Accepted: 08/16/2021] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: Metallothioneins (MTs) play crucial roles in the modulation of zinc/copper homeostasis, regulation of neoplastic growth and proliferation, and protection against apoptosis. The present study attempted to visualize the prognostic landscape of MT functional isoforms and identify potential prognostic biomarkers in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Methods: The transcriptional expression, comprehensive prognostic performances, and gene-gene interaction network of MT isoforms in HCC were evaluated via Oncomine, GEPIA, Kaplan-Meier plotter, and GeneMANIA databases. Characterized by good prognostic value in three external cohorts, MT1H was specifically selected as a potential prognostic biomarker in HCC with various clinicopathological features. Functional and pathway enrichment analyses of MT1H status were performed using cBioPortal, the Database for Annotation, Visualization, and Integrated Discovery (DAVID), and ssGSVA method. Results: MT1E/1F/1G/1H/1M/1X/2A was greatly downregulated in HCC. Prognostic analyses elucidated the essential correlations between MT1A/1B/1H/1X/2A/4 attenuation and poor overall survival, between MT1B/1H/4 downregulation and worse relapse-free survival, and between MT1A/1B/1E/1H/1M/2A/4 downregulation and diminished progression-free survival in HCC. Taken together, these results indicated the powerful prognostic value of MT1H among MTs in HCC. In-depth analyses suggested that MT1H may be more applicable to alcohol-derived HCC and involved in the downregulation of the inflammatory pathway, Jak-STAT pathway, TNF pathway, and Wnt signaling pathway. Conclusion: MT-specific isoforms displayed aberrant expression and varying prognostic value in HCC. MT1H repression in HCC was multi-dimensionally detrimental to patient outcomes. Therefore, MT1H was possibly associated with carcinogenesis and exploited as a novel prognostic biomarker and candidate therapeutic target for HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feng Zhang
- Department of General Surgery, Guangdong Provincial People’s Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, China
- Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, China
| | - Shuijiao Guo
- Department of Operating Room, Guangdong Provincial People’s Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Wenhui Zhong
- Department of General Surgery, Guangdong Provincial People’s Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, China
- Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, China
| | - Kaijun Huang
- Department of General Surgery, Guangdong Provincial People’s Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, China
- *Correspondence: Yubin Liu, ; Kaijun Huang,
| | - Yubin Liu
- Department of General Surgery, Guangdong Provincial People’s Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, China
- *Correspondence: Yubin Liu, ; Kaijun Huang,
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Gou Z, Fan Q, Li L, Wang Y, Lin X, Cui X, Ye J, Ding F, Cheng Z, Abouelezz K, Jiang S. High dietary copper induces oxidative stress and leads to decreased egg quality and reproductive performance of Chinese Yellow broiler breeder hens. Poult Sci 2020; 100:100779. [PMID: 33518335 PMCID: PMC7936131 DOI: 10.1016/j.psj.2020.10.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2020] [Revised: 09/05/2020] [Accepted: 10/19/2020] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The objective of this study was to investigate the effects of dietary copper (Cu) on production, egg quality, and hatchability of Chinese Yellow broiler breeder hens and growth performance of their offspring. A total of 576 30-week-old hens were randomly allotted into 6 groups, each with 6 replicates (8 cages for each replicate with 2 birds per cage). The basal diet contained 3.50 mg/kg Cu, and the other 5 treatment diets contained 8.5, 13.5, 23.5 43.5, and 83.5 mg/kg Cu, respectively, additionally supplemented with Cu on the basal diet. The trial lasted for 15 wk. Qualified egg rate of birds fed 23.5 or 83.5 mg/kg Cu was significantly decreased (P < 0.05) compared with those given 3.5, 8.5, or 13.5 mg/kg Cu. Plasma malondialdehyde concentration showed quadratic effect (P = 0.002) which that decreased first then increased with dietary Cu increased. Highest values of Cu content and hepatic activity of Cu-ATPase occurred in hens fed 83.5 mg/kg dietary Cu with linear (P = 0.001) and quadratic (P = 0.001) effects. Shell strength and proportion on 18th day of live embryos of hens fed 13.5 mg/kg Cu were the greatest compared with other groups respectively (P < 0.05); rate of qualified eggs for hatch and hatchability of fertilized eggs of hens fed 83.5 mg/kg Cu were the least (P < 0.05). In conclusion, both inadequate (3.5 mg/kg diet) and excess (83.5 mg/kg) of dietary Cu can induce oxidative stress in hens and lead to decreased egg quality. Hatchability and growth performance of offspring were decreased when breeder hens were fed excess Cu in spite of greater hatching weight. The appropriate dietary Cu level for Chinese Yellow broiler breeder hens during the egg-laying period is 15.7 to 21.2 mg/kg (1.81-2.44 mg Cu fed per day) when based on Cu level and Cu-ATPase activity in the liver. This dietary Cu requirement is approximately doubled (∼40 mg/kg, ∼4.60 mg Cu per bird per day) for maximal response of eggshell thickness.
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Wang J, Liu D, Liu Y, Wang F, Huang S, Luo X, Liu D, Chen D, Wei J, Ning J. Highly Hydrophilic Polymer Composite Modified Electrode for Trace Copper Detection Based on Synergetic Electrostatic Attractions and Chelating Interactions. ELECTROANAL 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/elan.202000025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Jianhui Wang
- School of Chemistry and Food Engineering Changsha University of Science & Technology Changsha 410110 China
| | - Donglin Liu
- School of Chemistry and Food Engineering Changsha University of Science & Technology Changsha 410110 China
| | - Yongle Liu
- School of Chemistry and Food Engineering Changsha University of Science & Technology Changsha 410110 China
| | - Faxiang Wang
- School of Chemistry and Food Engineering Changsha University of Science & Technology Changsha 410110 China
| | - Shouen Huang
- School of Chemistry and Food Engineering Changsha University of Science & Technology Changsha 410110 China
| | - Xin Luo
- School of Chemistry and Food Engineering Changsha University of Science & Technology Changsha 410110 China
| | - Dongmin Liu
- School of Chemistry and Food Engineering Changsha University of Science & Technology Changsha 410110 China
| | - Donger Chen
- School of Chemistry and Food Engineering Changsha University of Science & Technology Changsha 410110 China
| | - Jiaqian Wei
- School of Chemistry and Food Engineering Changsha University of Science & Technology Changsha 410110 China
| | - Jingheng Ning
- School of Chemistry and Food Engineering Changsha University of Science & Technology Changsha 410110 China
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Shahid M, Idrees M, Butt AM, Raza SM, Amin I, Rasul A, Afzal S. Blood-based gene expression profile of oxidative stress and antioxidant genes for identifying surrogate markers of liver tissue injury in chronic hepatitis C patients. Arch Virol 2020; 165:809-822. [PMID: 32103340 DOI: 10.1007/s00705-020-04564-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2019] [Accepted: 01/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Oxidative stress is the process by which reactive molecules and free radicals are formed in cells. In this study, we report the blood-based gene expression profile of oxidative stress and antioxidant genes for identifying surrogate markers of liver tissue in chronic hepatitis C (CHC) patients by using real-time PCR. A total of 144 untreated patients diagnosed with CHC having genotype 3a and 20 healthy controls were selected for the present study. Liver biopsy staging and grading of CHC patients were performed using the METAVIR score. Total RNA was extracted from liver tissue and blood samples, followed by cDNA synthesis and real-time PCR. The relative expression of genes was calculated using the ΔΔCt method. The expression profile of 84 genes associated with oxidative stress and antioxidants was determined in liver tissue and blood samples. In liver tissue, 46 differentially expressed genes (upregulated, 27; downregulated, 19) were identified in CHC patients compared to normal samples. In blood, 61 genes (upregulated, 51; downregulated; 10) were significantly expressed in CHC patients. A comparison of gene expression in liver and whole blood showed that 20 genes were expressed in a similar manner in the liver and blood. The expression levels of commonly expressed liver and blood-based genes were also correlated with clinical factors in CHC patients. A receiver operating curve (ROC) analysis of oxidative stress genes (ALB, CAT, DHCR24, GPX7, PRDX5, and MBL2) showed that infections in patients with CHC can be distinguished from healthy controls. In conclusion, blood-based gene expression can reflect the behavior of oxidative stress genes in liver tissue, and this blood-based gene expression study in CHC patients explores new blood-based non-invasive biomarkers that represent liver damage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Shahid
- Divison of Molecular Virology, National Centre of Excellence in Molecular Biology (CEMB), University of the Punjab, Lahore, Pakistan.
| | - Muhammad Idrees
- Divison of Molecular Virology, National Centre of Excellence in Molecular Biology (CEMB), University of the Punjab, Lahore, Pakistan.,Hazara University, Mansehra, Pakistan
| | - Azeem Mehmood Butt
- Divison of Molecular Virology, National Centre of Excellence in Molecular Biology (CEMB), University of the Punjab, Lahore, Pakistan.,Department of Bioscience, COMSATS University Islamabad, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Syed Mohsin Raza
- Divison of Molecular Virology, National Centre of Excellence in Molecular Biology (CEMB), University of the Punjab, Lahore, Pakistan.,Institute of Biomedical and Allied Health Sciences, University of Health Science, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Iram Amin
- Divison of Molecular Virology, National Centre of Excellence in Molecular Biology (CEMB), University of the Punjab, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Afza Rasul
- Department of Statistic, Lahore College for Women University, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Samia Afzal
- Divison of Molecular Virology, National Centre of Excellence in Molecular Biology (CEMB), University of the Punjab, Lahore, Pakistan
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Harro CC, Smedley RC, Buchweitz JP, Langlois DK. Hepatic copper and other trace mineral concentrations in dogs with hepatocellular carcinoma. J Vet Intern Med 2019; 33:2193-2199. [PMID: 31493348 PMCID: PMC6766484 DOI: 10.1111/jvim.15619] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2018] [Accepted: 08/28/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the most common primary liver tumor in dogs. Abnormalities in hepatic copper, iron, zinc, and selenium concentrations increase risk for HCC development in other species, but trace mineral concentrations have not been evaluated in dogs with HCC. Objectives To investigate hepatic trace mineral concentrations in dogs with HCC. Animals Archived liver specimens from 85 dogs with HCC and 85 control dogs. Methods Retrospective case‐control study. A histopathology database was searched to identify dogs with HCC (test population) and an age‐matched control population. Demographic information was retrieved, and H&E and rhodanine stained slides were reviewed for all cases. Copper, iron, zinc, and selenium concentrations were determined in noncancerous liver tissues (test and control population) and in HCC tissues (test population) using inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry. Results Hepatic copper concentrations (non‐neoplastic hepatic tissue) were greater in test population dogs (median, IQR; 294.9 μg/g, 233.5‐475.9 μg/g) than in control dogs (202.8 μg/g, 135.0‐295.3 μg/g; P < .001). Hepatic zinc concentrations in test (132.1 μg/g,108.6‐163.2 μg/g) and control dogs (151.5 μg/g, 117.1‐184.5 μg/g) also were different (P = .03). Within test population dogs, all trace mineral concentrations were decreased in the HCC tissue as compared to the non‐neoplastic hepatic tissue (all P < .001). Conclusions and Clinical Importance Hepatic copper accumulation and other abnormalities in hepatic trace mineral concentrations could be involved in the pathogenesis of HCC in some dogs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cailin C Harro
- Department of Small Animal Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan
| | - Rebecca C Smedley
- Veterinary Diagnostic Laboratory, College of Veterinary Medicine, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan
| | - John P Buchweitz
- Department of Pathobiology and Diagnostic Investigation, College of Veterinary Medicine, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan
| | - Daniel K Langlois
- Department of Small Animal Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan
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Saeed OA, Kee LT, Sazili AQ, Akit H, Jahromi MF, Alimon AR, Samsudin AA. Effects of corn supplementation on the antioxidant activity, selected minerals, and gene expression of selenoprotein and metallothionein in serum, liver, and kidney of sheep-fed palm kernel cake: urea-treated rice straw diets. 3 Biotech 2019; 9:146. [PMID: 30944793 PMCID: PMC6430260 DOI: 10.1007/s13205-019-1681-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2018] [Accepted: 03/14/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
This study aimed to determine influence of corn inclusion on glutathion peroxidase (GPx) activity, selected minerals concentration, and gene expression in sheep-fed palm kernel cake (PKC) and urea-treated rice straw. Twenty-seven of Dorper sheep were divided into three groups and fed a basal diet of (20% rice straw and 80% concentrate) with addition of ground corn at either 0% (T1), 5% (T2), or 10% (T3), respectively. After 120 days feeding trial, all animals were slaughtered and tissue samples of kidney, liver, and muscles were taken for enzyme and mineral analyses. The results showed that Cu concentration in the liver was lower treatment T3 compared to the control and T2. The serum activity of GPx was higher in T2 than in T3 at day 120 of experiment. Serum malondialdehyde (MDA) concentrations decreased at day 80 in sheep on T3, whereas MDA of liver increased linearly with increasing corn supplementation. The qRT-PCR analyses revealed significant up-regulation of ATP7A and MIa genes in T3, while hepatic Cu/Zn SOD, GPx1, and GPx4 mRNA showed a higher expression in lamb hepatocytes in T3 compared to those on T1. Present study results suggest that feeding PKC as basal diet can increase antioxidant activity, but cause liver dysfunction in sheep. Inclusion corn was found to regulate transcriptional levels of the GPx family and metallothionein genes. These genes may play a role in the antioxidant protection response and reduce incidence of toxicity associated with Cu.
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Affiliation(s)
- Osama Anwer Saeed
- Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 Serdang, Selangor Malaysia
- Department of Animal Resources, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Al Anbar, Anbar, Iraq
| | - Leo Teik Kee
- Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 Serdang, Selangor Malaysia
| | - Awis Qurni Sazili
- Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 Serdang, Selangor Malaysia
| | - Henny Akit
- Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 Serdang, Selangor Malaysia
| | - Mohammad Faseleh Jahromi
- Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 Serdang, Selangor Malaysia
| | - Abdul Razak Alimon
- Faculty of Animal Science, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogjakarta, Indonesia
| | - Anjas Asmara Samsudin
- Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 Serdang, Selangor Malaysia
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Calderón Guzmán D, Juárez Olguín H, Osnaya Brizuela N, Hernández Garcia E, Lindoro Silva M. The Use of Trace and Essential Elements in Common Clinical Disorders: Roles in Assessment of Health and Oxidative Stress Status. Nutr Cancer 2019; 71:13-20. [PMID: 30663392 DOI: 10.1080/01635581.2018.1557214] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
During the early life, the diet of infants is mainly dominated by milk. Milk is a natural food rich in trace elements focus on essential elements. These elements are very necessary for human metabolism and since they cannot be synthesized by the body, the only source available for the humans to obtain them is by ingestion of natural food. This mini-review aims at updating the knowledge on trace elements, outlining their natural food sources, and their possible implications in common clinical disorders in early and adult life. However, it was found that consumption of food with micronutrients and trace elements may release intracellular compounds and offer oxidative protection or exacerbate oxidative damage to metabolically compromised cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- David Calderón Guzmán
- a Laboratorio de Neurociencias, Instituto Nacional de Pediatría (INP), Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Hugo Juárez Olguín
- b Laboratorio de Farmacología, INP and Facultad de Medicina , Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México , Mexico City , Mexico
| | - Norma Osnaya Brizuela
- a Laboratorio de Neurociencias, Instituto Nacional de Pediatría (INP), Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Ernestina Hernández Garcia
- b Laboratorio de Farmacología, INP and Facultad de Medicina , Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México , Mexico City , Mexico
| | - Miroslava Lindoro Silva
- b Laboratorio de Farmacología, INP and Facultad de Medicina , Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México , Mexico City , Mexico
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Reed E, Lutsenko S, Bandmann O. Animal models of Wilson disease. J Neurochem 2018; 146:356-373. [PMID: 29473169 PMCID: PMC6107386 DOI: 10.1111/jnc.14323] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2017] [Revised: 02/04/2018] [Accepted: 02/12/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Wilson disease (WD) is an autosomal recessive disorder of copper metabolism manifesting with hepatic, neurological and psychiatric symptoms. The limitations of the currently available therapy for WD (particularly in the management of neuropsychiatric disease), together with our limited understanding of key aspects of this illness (e.g. neurological vs. hepatic presentation) justify the ongoing need to study WD in suitable animal models. Four animal models of WD have been established: the Long-Evans Cinnamon rat, the toxic-milk mouse, the Atp7b knockout mouse and the Labrador retriever. The existing models of WD all show good similarity to human hepatic WD and have been helpful in developing an improved understanding of the human disease. As mammals, the mouse, rat and canine models also benefit from high homology to the human genome. However, important differences exist between these mammalian models and human disease, particularly the absence of a convincing neurological phenotype. This review will first provide an overview of our current knowledge of the orthologous genes encoding ATP7B and the closely related ATP7A protein in C. elegans, Drosophila and zebrafish (Danio rerio) and then summarise key characteristics of rodent and larger mammalian models of ATP7B-deficiency.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emily Reed
- Sheffield Institute for Translational Neuroscience (SITraN), University of Sheffield, Baltimore, USA
| | | | - Oliver Bandmann
- Sheffield Institute for Translational Neuroscience (SITraN), University of Sheffield, Baltimore, USA
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Eulenberg VM, Lidbury JA. Hepatic Fibrosis in Dogs. J Vet Intern Med 2017; 32:26-41. [PMID: 29194760 PMCID: PMC5787209 DOI: 10.1111/jvim.14891] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2017] [Revised: 10/17/2017] [Accepted: 10/31/2017] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Hepatic fibrosis is commonly diagnosed in dogs, often as a sequela to chronic hepatitis (CH). The development of fibrosis is a crucial event in the progression of hepatic disease that is of prognostic value. The pathophysiology of hepatic fibrosis in human patients and rodent models has been studied extensively. Although less is known about this process in dogs, evidence suggests that fibrogenic mechanisms are similar between species and that activation of hepatic stellate cells is a key step. Diagnosis and staging of hepatic fibrosis in dogs requires histopathological examination of a liver biopsy specimen. However, performing a liver biopsy is invasive and assessment of fibrotic stage is complicated by the absence of a universally accepted staging scheme in veterinary medicine. Serum biomarkers that can discriminate among different fibrosis stages are used in human patients, but such markers must be more completely evaluated in dogs before clinical use. When successful treatment of its underlying cause is feasible, reversal of hepatic fibrosis has been shown to be possible in rodent models and human patients. Reversal of fibrosis has not been well documented in dogs, but successful treatment of CH is possible. In human medicine, better understanding of the pathomechanisms of hepatic fibrosis is leading to the development of novel treatment strategies. In time, these may be applied to dogs. This article comparatively reviews the pathogenesis of hepatic fibrosis, its diagnosis, and its treatment in dogs.
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Affiliation(s)
- V M Eulenberg
- Gastrointestinal Laboratory, College of Veterinary Medicine & Biomedical Sciences, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX
| | - J A Lidbury
- Gastrointestinal Laboratory, College of Veterinary Medicine & Biomedical Sciences, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX
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