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Bouck EG, Arvanitis M, Osburn WO, Sang Y, Reventun P, Ahmadzia HK, Smith NL, Lowenstein CJ, Wolberg AS. High risk oral contraceptive hormones do not directly enhance endothelial cell procoagulant activity in vitro. PLoS One 2023; 18:e0284333. [PMID: 37075041 PMCID: PMC10115293 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0284333] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2022] [Accepted: 03/28/2023] [Indexed: 04/20/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Oral contraceptive (OC) use increases venous thromboembolism risk 2-5-fold. Procoagulant changes can be detected in plasma from OC users even without thrombosis, but cellular mechanisms that provoke thrombosis have not been identified. Endothelial cell (EC) dysfunction is thought to initiate venous thromboembolism. It is unknown whether OC hormones provoke aberrant procoagulant activity in ECs. OBJECTIVE Characterize the effect of high-risk OC hormones (ethinyl estradiol [EE] and drospirenone) on EC procoagulant activity and the potential interplay with nuclear estrogen receptors ERα and ERβ and inflammatory processes. METHODS Human umbilical vein and dermal microvascular ECs (HUVEC and HDMVEC, respectively) were treated with EE and/or drospirenone. Genes encoding the estrogen receptors ERα and ERβ (ESR1 and ESR2, respectively) were overexpressed in HUVEC and HDMVEC via lentiviral vectors. EC gene expression was assessed by RT-qPCR. The ability of ECs to support thrombin generation and fibrin formation was measured by calibrated automated thrombography and spectrophotometry, respectively. RESULTS Neither EE nor drospirenone, alone or together, changed expression of genes encoding anti- or procoagulant proteins (TFPI, THBD, F3), integrins (ITGAV, ITGB3), or fibrinolytic mediators (SERPINE1, PLAT). EE and/or drospirenone did not increase EC-supported thrombin generation or fibrin formation, either. Our analyses indicated a subset of individuals express ESR1 and ESR2 transcripts in human aortic ECs. However, overexpression of ESR1 and/or ESR2 in HUVEC and HDMVEC did not facilitate the ability of OC-treated ECs to support procoagulant activity, even in the presence of a pro-inflammatory stimulus. CONCLUSIONS The OC hormones EE and drospirenone do not directly enhance thrombin generation potential of primary ECs in vitro.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emma G. Bouck
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine and UNC Blood Research Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, United States of America
| | - Marios Arvanitis
- Department of Medicine, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States of America
| | - William O. Osburn
- Department of Medicine, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States of America
| | - Yaqiu Sang
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine and UNC Blood Research Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, United States of America
| | - Paula Reventun
- Department of Medicine, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States of America
| | - Homa K. Ahmadzia
- Division of Maternal-Fetal Medicine, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, George Washington University, Washington, DC, United States of America
| | - Nicholas L. Smith
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, United States of America
- Kaiser Permanente Washington Health Research Institute, Kaiser Permanente Washington, Seattle, WA, United States of America
- Seattle Epidemiologic Research and Information Center, Department of Veterans Affairs Office of Research and Development, Seattle, WA, United States of America
| | - Charles J. Lowenstein
- Department of Medicine, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States of America
| | - Alisa S. Wolberg
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine and UNC Blood Research Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, United States of America
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Immunothrombosis and the Role of Platelets in Venous Thromboembolic Diseases. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms232113176. [PMID: 36361963 PMCID: PMC9656618 DOI: 10.3390/ijms232113176] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2022] [Revised: 10/25/2022] [Accepted: 10/27/2022] [Indexed: 12/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Venous thromboembolism (VTE) is the third leading cardiovascular cause of death and is conventionally treated with anticoagulants that directly antagonize coagulation. However, recent data have demonstrated that also platelets play a crucial role in VTE pathophysiology. In the current review, we outline how platelets are involved during all stages of experimental venous thrombosis. Platelets mediate initiation of the disease by attaching to the vessel wall upon which they mediate leukocyte recruitment. This process is referred to as immunothrombosis, and within this novel concept inflammatory cells such as leukocytes and platelets directly drive the progression of VTE. In addition to their involvement in immunothrombosis, activated platelets can directly drive venous thrombosis by supporting coagulation and secreting procoagulant factors. Furthermore, fibrinolysis and vessel resolution are (partly) mediated by platelets. Finally, we summarize how conventional antiplatelet therapy can prevent experimental venous thrombosis and impacts (recurrent) VTE in humans.
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Wang ZP, Hua M, Jiu T, Ge RL, Bai Z. Biofunctional roles of estrogen in coronavirus disease 2019: Beyond a steroid hormone. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:1003469. [PMID: 36339571 PMCID: PMC9626865 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.1003469] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2022] [Accepted: 10/06/2022] [Indexed: 09/26/2023] Open
Abstract
The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), epidemic poses a major global public health threat with more than one million daily new infections and hundreds of deaths. To combat this global pandemic, efficient prevention and management strategies are urgently needed. Together with the main characteristics of COVID-19, impaired coagulation with dysfunctions of the immune response in COVID-19 pathophysiology causes high mortality and morbidity. From recent clinical observations, increased expression of specific types of estrogen appears to protect patients from SARS-CoV-2 infection, thereby, reducing mortality. COVID-19 severity is less common in women than in men, particularly in menopausal women. Furthermore, estrogen levels are negatively correlated with COVID-19 severity and mortality. These findings suggest that estrogen plays a protective role in the pathophysiology of COVID-19. In this review, we discuss the potential roles of estrogen in blocking the SARS-CoV-2 from invading alveolar cells and replicating, and summarize the potential mechanisms of anti-inflammation, immune modulation, reactive oxygen species resistance, anti-thrombosis, vascular dilation, and vascular endothelium protection. Finally, the potential therapeutic effects of estrogen against COVID-19 are reviewed. This review provides insights into the role of estrogen and its use as a potential strategy to reduce the mortality associated with COVID-19, and possibly other viral infections and discusses the possible challenges and pertinent questions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhong-Ping Wang
- Clinical Medicine, School of Medicine, Qinghai University, Xining, China
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Diseases, Affiliated Hospital of Qinghai University, Xining, China
| | - Mao Hua
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Diseases, Affiliated Hospital of Qinghai University, Xining, China
| | - Tai Jiu
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Diseases, Affiliated Hospital of Qinghai University, Xining, China
| | - Ri-Li Ge
- Research Center of High-Altitude Medicine, School of Medicine, Qinghai University, Xining, China
- Joint Lab of Qinghai-Utah for High Altitude Medicine, School of Medicine, Qinghai University, Xining, China
| | - Zhenzhong Bai
- Clinical Medicine, School of Medicine, Qinghai University, Xining, China
- Research Center of High-Altitude Medicine, School of Medicine, Qinghai University, Xining, China
- Joint Lab of Qinghai-Utah for High Altitude Medicine, School of Medicine, Qinghai University, Xining, China
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4
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Bernhardt SM, Dasari P, Glynn DJ, Townsend AR, Price TJ, Ingman WV. Comparison of hormone-induced mRNA and protein biomarker expression changes in breast cancer cells. Breast Cancer Res Treat 2021; 187:681-693. [PMID: 34057651 DOI: 10.1007/s10549-021-06254-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2020] [Accepted: 05/04/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Protein biomarkers estrogen receptor (ER), progesterone receptor (PR), and marker of proliferation (Ki67) are routinely assessed by immunohistochemistry to guide treatment decisions for breast cancer. Now, quantification of mRNA encoding these proteins is being adopted in the clinic. However, mRNA and protein biomarkers may be differentially regulated by fluctuations in estrogen and progesterone that occur across the menstrual cycle in premenopausal breast cancer patients. This study aimed to compare how estrogen and progesterone affect mRNA and protein biomarker expression in hormone-responsive breast cancer cells. METHODS Hormone-responsive ZR-75-1 and T-47D human breast cancer cell lines were xenografted into the mammary fat pad of BALB/c nude mice supplemented with estrogen. Progesterone or vehicle was administered prior to dissection of tumors. Protein expression of ER, PR and Ki67 was quantified by immunohistochemistry, and mRNA encoding these proteins, ESR1, PGR and KI67, respectively, was quantified by real-time PCR. mRNA expression was also quantified in breast cancer cell lines treated with estrogen and progesterone in vitro. RESULTS In T-47D-xenografted tumors, estrogen and progesterone treatment reduced PGR and KI67 mRNA expression, and reduced PR and Ki67 protein positivity, compared to estrogen treatment alone. In ZR-75-1 xenografted tumors, no significant differences in protein or mRNA biomarker expression were observed. In vitro, estrogen and progesterone co-treatment significantly reduced ESR1 and PGR mRNA expression in both T-47D and ZR-75-1 cell lines. CONCLUSIONS Estrogen and progesterone similarly affect mRNA and protein biomarker expression in hormone-responsive breast cancer xenografts. Further research is needed to investigate concordance between protein and mRNA biomarkers in premenopausal breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah M Bernhardt
- Discipline of Surgery, Adelaide Medical School, The Queen Elizabeth Hospital, University of Adelaide, DX465702, 28 Woodville Rd, Woodville, Adelaide, SA, 5011, Australia.,Robinson Research Institute, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, Australia
| | - Pallave Dasari
- Discipline of Surgery, Adelaide Medical School, The Queen Elizabeth Hospital, University of Adelaide, DX465702, 28 Woodville Rd, Woodville, Adelaide, SA, 5011, Australia.,Robinson Research Institute, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, Australia
| | - Danielle J Glynn
- Discipline of Surgery, Adelaide Medical School, The Queen Elizabeth Hospital, University of Adelaide, DX465702, 28 Woodville Rd, Woodville, Adelaide, SA, 5011, Australia.,Robinson Research Institute, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, Australia
| | - Amanda R Townsend
- Discipline of Surgery, Adelaide Medical School, The Queen Elizabeth Hospital, University of Adelaide, DX465702, 28 Woodville Rd, Woodville, Adelaide, SA, 5011, Australia.,Department of Medical Oncology, The Queen Elizabeth Hospital, Adelaide, SA, Australia
| | - Timothy J Price
- Discipline of Surgery, Adelaide Medical School, The Queen Elizabeth Hospital, University of Adelaide, DX465702, 28 Woodville Rd, Woodville, Adelaide, SA, 5011, Australia.,Department of Medical Oncology, The Queen Elizabeth Hospital, Adelaide, SA, Australia
| | - Wendy V Ingman
- Discipline of Surgery, Adelaide Medical School, The Queen Elizabeth Hospital, University of Adelaide, DX465702, 28 Woodville Rd, Woodville, Adelaide, SA, 5011, Australia. .,Robinson Research Institute, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, Australia.
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Abou-Ismail MY, Citla Sridhar D, Nayak L. Estrogen and thrombosis: A bench to bedside review. Thromb Res 2020; 192:40-51. [PMID: 32450447 DOI: 10.1016/j.thromres.2020.05.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 92] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2020] [Revised: 04/12/2020] [Accepted: 05/07/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Estrogen, in the clinical setting is used primarily for contraception and hormone replacement therapy. It has been well established that estrogen increases the risk of both arterial and venous thrombosis. While estrogen is known to induce a prothrombotic milieu through various effects on the hemostatic pathways, the exact molecular mechanism leading to those effects is not known. The most common clinical presentation of estrogen-related thrombosis is venous thromboembolism (VTE) of the deep veins of the legs or pulmonary vessels, usually within the first few months of use. Estrogen has also been associated with increased risk of "unusual site" thromboses, as well as arterial thrombosis. Women at high-risk of thrombosis need careful evaluation and counseling for contraception, pregnancy, menopausal hormonal therapy and other estrogen-related conditions or treatments in order to lower the risk of thromboses. We review the most recent evidence on management of high-estrogen states in women at high-risk of thrombosis, as well as emerging data on unique populations such as transgender women. More studies are needed to better understand the pathophysiology of hormone-related thrombosis, as well as more comprehensive techniques to stratify risks for thrombosis so as to enable tailoring of recommendations for each individual.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mouhamed Yazan Abou-Ismail
- Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, United States of America; University Hospitals Cleveland Medical Center, Cleveland, OH, United States of America
| | - Divyaswathi Citla Sridhar
- Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, United States of America; Rainbow Babies & Children's Hospital, Cleveland, OH, United States of America
| | - Lalitha Nayak
- Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, United States of America; University Hospitals Cleveland Medical Center, Cleveland, OH, United States of America.
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6
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Li D, Zhang X, Zhang H, Li X. Synergic effect of GPIBA and von Willebrand factor in pathogenesis of deep vein thrombosis. Vascular 2020; 28:309-313. [PMID: 31902309 DOI: 10.1177/1708538119896446] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES In cardiovascular disease, deep vein thrombosis is one of the vital symptoms causing pulmonary thromboembolism. However, the pathogenesis of deep vein thrombosis is still not clear. One of the critical factors leading to deep vein thrombosis is the platelet aggregation that is mediated by a set of key genes including platelet membrane protein coded by platelet glycoprotein Ib alpha chain (GPIBA). METHODS Deep vein thrombosis model was established according to the previous protocol, and venous blood and thrombi were collected for further analysis. RESULTS The dynamic changes of GPIBA and coagulation factor, von Willebrand factor, were observed in deep vein thrombosis models. Meanwhile, critical proteins participating in adhesion and binding of platelets such as epithelial membrane protein 2 (EMP2), vascular cell adhesion protein 1 (VCAM1), immunoreceptor tyrosine-based activation motif 1 (ITAM1), integrin subunit alpha M (ITGAM), or fibronectin were also differentially expressed in deep vein thrombosis models. CONCLUSIONS Application of heparin could reverse these dynamic changes in deep vein thrombosis models. Thus, we explained the potential synergic role of GPIBA and von Willebrand factor in regulating the occurrence of deep vein thrombosis and provide therapeutic target against cardiovascular disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Da Li
- Department of Vascular Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Soochow University, Suzhou, China.,Department of Vascular Surgery, The First People's Hospital of Lianyungang, Lianyungang, China
| | - Xiaosong Zhang
- Department of Vascular Surgery, The First People's Hospital of Lianyungang, Lianyungang, China
| | - Honggang Zhang
- Department of Vascular Surgery, The First People's Hospital of Lianyungang, Lianyungang, China
| | - Xiaoqiang Li
- Department of Vascular Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Soochow University, Suzhou, China.,Department of Vascular Surgery, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, The Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, China
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7
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Cha KH, Kim KA, Kang SW, Alam ST, Jin JB, Yoo G, Jung SH, Pan CH, Kang K. Small black bean (Rhynchosia volubilis) extract ameliorates gut microbial and metabolic perturbation in ovariectomized mice. J Funct Foods 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jff.2019.103415] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022] Open
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8
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Dupuis M, Severin S, Noirrit-Esclassan E, Arnal JF, Payrastre B, Valéra MC. Effects of Estrogens on Platelets and Megakaryocytes. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:ijms20123111. [PMID: 31242705 PMCID: PMC6627332 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20123111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2019] [Revised: 06/14/2019] [Accepted: 06/19/2019] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
In women, oral menopausal hormonal therapy (MHT) is associated with adverse effects including an increased incidence of thromboembolic events, classically attributed to an increase in several liver-derived coagulation factors due to hepatic first pass. While platelets are central players in thrombus constitution, their implication in women treated with estrogens remains incompletely characterized. Platelets and their medullar progenitors, megakaryocytes, express estrogen receptors (ER) that may explain, at least in part, a sensitivity to hormonal changes. The purpose of this review is to summarize our current knowledge of estrogen actions on platelets and megakaryocytes in mice following in vivo administration and in women using MHT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marion Dupuis
- Inserm, U1048 and Université Toulouse III, I2MC, Toulouse 31432, France.
| | - Sonia Severin
- Inserm, U1048 and Université Toulouse III, I2MC, Toulouse 31432, France.
| | | | | | - Bernard Payrastre
- Inserm, U1048 and Université Toulouse III, I2MC, Toulouse 31432, France.
- CHU de Toulouse, Laboratoire d'Hématologie, Toulouse 31059, France.
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9
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Noirrit E, Buscato M, Dupuis M, Payrastre B, Fontaine C, Arnal JF, Valera MC. Effects of conjugated estrogen and bazedoxifene on hemostasis and thrombosis in mice. Endocr Connect 2019; 8:788-795. [PMID: 31085766 PMCID: PMC6590204 DOI: 10.1530/ec-19-0079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2019] [Accepted: 05/14/2019] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Estrogen-progestin therapy was previously considered as the standard of care for managing bothersome symptoms associated with menopause, but it increases risks of breast cancer and of thromboembolism. The combination of conjugated estrogen (CE) with bazedoxifene (BZA) named tissue-selective estrogen complex (TSEC) was designed to minimize or even abrogate the undesirable effects on breast, while maintaining the beneficial effects such as prevention of osteoporosis and suppression of climacteric symptoms. The risk on thromboembolism associated with TSEC is unknown, although the clinical available data are reassuring. The aim of this study was to define the impact of a chronic administration of CE, BZA or CE + BZA on hemostasis and thrombosis in ovariectomized mice. As expected, CE, but not BZA neither CE + BZA, induced uterine and vagina hypertrophy. As previously demonstrated for 17β-estradiol (E2), we found that CE (i) increased tail-bleeding time, (ii) prevented occlusive thrombus formation in injured carotid artery and (iii) protected against collagen/epinephrine-induced thromboembolism. Thus, whereas BZA antagonized CE action on reproductive tissues, it had no impact on the effect of CE on hemostasis, thromboembolism and arterial thrombosis in mice. CE + BZA shared the anti-thrombotic actions of CE in these mouse models. If a similar process is at work in women, CE combined with BZA could contribute to minimize the risk of thrombosis associated with hormone replacement therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emmanuelle Noirrit
- Inserm U1048 (I2MC), CHU de Toulouse and Université Toulouse III, I2MC, Toulouse, France
- Faculté de Chirurgie Dentaire, Université de Toulouse III, Toulouse, France
| | - Mélissa Buscato
- Inserm U1048 (I2MC), CHU de Toulouse and Université Toulouse III, I2MC, Toulouse, France
| | - Marion Dupuis
- Inserm U1048 (I2MC), CHU de Toulouse and Université Toulouse III, I2MC, Toulouse, France
| | - Bernard Payrastre
- Inserm U1048 (I2MC), CHU de Toulouse and Université Toulouse III, I2MC, Toulouse, France
- CHU de Toulouse, Laboratoire d’Hématologie, Toulouse, France
| | - Coralie Fontaine
- Inserm U1048 (I2MC), CHU de Toulouse and Université Toulouse III, I2MC, Toulouse, France
| | - Jean-François Arnal
- Inserm U1048 (I2MC), CHU de Toulouse and Université Toulouse III, I2MC, Toulouse, France
| | - Marie-Cécile Valera
- Inserm U1048 (I2MC), CHU de Toulouse and Université Toulouse III, I2MC, Toulouse, France
- Faculté de Chirurgie Dentaire, Université de Toulouse III, Toulouse, France
- Correspondence should be addressed to M-C Valera:
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10
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Zhang M, Deng X, Guan X, Geng L, Fu M, Zhang B, Chen R, Hu H, Hu K, Zhang D, Li M, Liu Y, Gong S, Hu Q. Herpes Simplex Virus Type 2 Infection-Induced Expression of CXCR3 Ligands Promotes CD4 + T Cell Migration and Is Regulated by the Viral Immediate-Early Protein ICP4. Front Immunol 2018; 9:2932. [PMID: 30619292 PMCID: PMC6305738 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2018.02932] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2018] [Accepted: 11/29/2018] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
HSV-2 infection-induced CXCR3 ligands are important for the recruitment of virus-specific CD8+ T cells, but their impact on CD4+ T cell trafficking remains to be further determined. Given that recruitment of CD4+ T cells to infection areas may be one of the mechanisms that account for HSV-2 infection-mediated enhancement of HIV-1 sexual transmission, here we investigated the functionality of HSV-2 infection-induced CXCR3 ligands CXCL9, CXCL10, and CXCL11 in vivo and in vitro, and determined the viral components responsive for such induction and the underlying mechanisms. We first found that the expression of CXCR3 ligands CXCL9, CXCL10, and CXCL11 was increased in mice following vaginal challenge with HSV-2, while CXCL9 played a predominant role in the recruitment of CD4+ T cells to the vaginal foci of infected mice. HSV-2 infection also induced the production of CXCL9, CXCL10, and CXCL11 in human cervical epithelial cells. Of note, although HSV-2 induced the expression of all the three CXCR3 ligands, the induced CXCL9 appeared to play a predominant role in promoting CD4+ T cell migration, reflecting that the concentrations of CXCL10 and CXCL11 required for CD4+ T cell migration are higher than that of CXCL9. We further revealed that, ICP4, an immediate-early protein of HSV-2, is crucial in promoting CXCR3 ligand expression through the activation of p38 MAPK pathway. Mechanistically, ICP4 binds to corresponding promoters of CXCR3 ligands via interacting with the TATA binding protein (TBP), resulting in the transcriptional activation of the corresponding promoters. Taken together, our study highlights HSV-2 ICP4 as a vital viral protein in promoting CXCR3 ligand expression and CXCL9 as the key induced chemokine in mediating CD4+ T cell migration. Findings in this study have shed light on HSV-2 induced leukocyte recruitment which may be important for understanding HSV-2 infection-enhanced HIV-1 sexual transmission and the development of intervention strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mudan Zhang
- The Joint Center of Translational Precision Medicine, Guangzhou Institute of Pediatrics, Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center, Wuhan Institute of Virology, Chinese Academy of Science, Wuhan, China
| | - Xu Deng
- State Key Laboratory of Virology, Wuhan Institute of Virology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Xinmeng Guan
- State Key Laboratory of Virology, Wuhan Institute of Virology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Lanlan Geng
- Department of Gastroenterology, Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Ming Fu
- State Key Laboratory of Virology, Wuhan Institute of Virology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Binman Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Virology, Wuhan Institute of Virology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Rui Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Virology, Wuhan Institute of Virology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, China
| | - Huimin Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Virology, Wuhan Institute of Virology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Kai Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Virology, Wuhan Institute of Virology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, China
| | - Di Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Virology, Wuhan Institute of Virology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Mei Li
- State Key Laboratory of Virology, Wuhan Institute of Virology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Yalan Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Virology, Wuhan Institute of Virology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, China
| | - Sitang Gong
- Department of Gastroenterology, Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Qinxue Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Virology, Wuhan Institute of Virology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, China.,Institute for Infection and Immunity, St George's University of London, London, United Kingdom
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11
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Valéra MC, Noirrit-Esclassan E, Dupuis M, Fontaine C, Lenfant F, Briaux A, Cabou C, Garcia C, Lairez O, Foidart JM, Payrastre B, Arnal JF. Effect of estetrol, a selective nuclear estrogen receptor modulator, in mouse models of arterial and venous thrombosis. Mol Cell Endocrinol 2018; 477:132-139. [PMID: 29928930 DOI: 10.1016/j.mce.2018.06.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2018] [Revised: 04/13/2018] [Accepted: 06/16/2018] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
Estetrol (E4) is a natural estrogen synthesized exclusively during pregnancy by the human fetal liver, and the physiological role of this hormone is unknown. Interestingly, E4 was recently evaluated in preclinical and phase II-III clinical studies in combination with a progestin, with the advantage to not increase the circulating level of coagulation factors, at variance to oral estradiol or ethinylestradiol. Here, we evaluated the effect of E4 on hemostasis and thrombosis in mouse. Following chronic E4 treatment, mice exhibited a prolonged tail-bleeding time and were protected from arterial and also venous thrombosis in vivo. In addition, E4 treatment decreased ex vivo thrombus growth on collagen under arterial flow conditions. We recently showed that E4 activates uterine epithelial proliferation through nuclear estrogen receptor (ER) α. To analyze the impact of nuclear ERα actions on hemostasis and thrombosis, we generated hematopoietic chimera with bone marrow cells deficient for nuclear ERα. E4-induced protection against thromboembolism was significantly reduced in the absence of hematopoietic nuclear ERα activation, while the increased tail-bleeding time was not impacted by this deletion. In addition to its "liver friendly" profile described in women, our data shows that E4 has anti-thrombotic properties in various mouse models. Altogether, the natural fetal estrogen E4 could represent an attractive alternative to classic estrogens in oral contraception and treatment of menopause.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marie-Cécile Valéra
- I2MC, Inserm U1048, CHU de Toulouse and Université de ToulouseToulouse, France; Faculté de Chirurgie Dentaire, Université de Toulouse III, Toulouse, France
| | - Emmanuelle Noirrit-Esclassan
- I2MC, Inserm U1048, CHU de Toulouse and Université de ToulouseToulouse, France; Faculté de Chirurgie Dentaire, Université de Toulouse III, Toulouse, France
| | - Marion Dupuis
- I2MC, Inserm U1048, CHU de Toulouse and Université de ToulouseToulouse, France
| | - Coralie Fontaine
- I2MC, Inserm U1048, CHU de Toulouse and Université de ToulouseToulouse, France
| | - Françoise Lenfant
- I2MC, Inserm U1048, CHU de Toulouse and Université de ToulouseToulouse, France
| | - Anne Briaux
- I2MC, Inserm U1048, CHU de Toulouse and Université de ToulouseToulouse, France
| | - Cendrine Cabou
- I2MC, Inserm U1048, CHU de Toulouse and Université de ToulouseToulouse, France
| | - Cedric Garcia
- Laboratoire d'Hématologie, CHU de Toulouse, Toulouse, France
| | - Olivier Lairez
- I2MC, Inserm U1048, CHU de Toulouse and Université de ToulouseToulouse, France
| | - Jean-Michel Foidart
- Laboratory of Tumor and Development Biology GIGA-Cancer, Institute of Pathology, University of Liège, CHU-B23, B-4000, Liège, Belgium
| | - Bernard Payrastre
- I2MC, Inserm U1048, CHU de Toulouse and Université de ToulouseToulouse, France; Laboratoire d'Hématologie, CHU de Toulouse, Toulouse, France
| | - Jean-François Arnal
- I2MC, Inserm U1048, CHU de Toulouse and Université de ToulouseToulouse, France.
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Budnik I, Brill A. Immune Factors in Deep Vein Thrombosis Initiation. Trends Immunol 2018; 39:610-623. [PMID: 29776849 PMCID: PMC6065414 DOI: 10.1016/j.it.2018.04.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 105] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2018] [Revised: 04/21/2018] [Accepted: 04/25/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Deep vein thrombosis (DVT) is a major origin of morbidity and mortality. While DVT has long been considered as blood coagulation disorder, several recent lines of evidence demonstrate that immune cells and inflammatory processes are involved in DVT initiation. Here, we discuss these mechanisms, in particular, the role of immune cells in endothelial activation, and the immune cascades leading to expression of adhesion receptors on endothelial cells. We analyze the specific recruitment and functional roles of different immune cells, such as mast cells and leukocytes, in DVT. Importantly, we also speculate how immune modulation could be used for DVT prevention with a lower risk of bleeding complications than conventional therapeutic approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ivan Budnik
- Department of Pathophysiology, Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, Moscow, Russia
| | - Alexander Brill
- Department of Pathophysiology, Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, Moscow, Russia; Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences, College of Medical and Dental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK.
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