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Yadav D, Ostrea EM, Cheng CT, Kisseih E, Maddipati KR, Thomas RL. Effect of docosahexaenoic acid and olive oil supplementation on pup weight in alcohol-exposed pregnant rats. Front Pediatr 2024; 12:1334285. [PMID: 38638591 PMCID: PMC11024321 DOI: 10.3389/fped.2024.1334285] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2023] [Accepted: 03/20/2024] [Indexed: 04/20/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Low birth weight has been observed in offspring of alcoholic mothers due likely to unresolved inflammation and oxidative injury. Dietary lipids play a role in inflammation and its resolution. The primary objective was to investigate the effect of DHA and olive oil on the birth weight of pups born to alcohol-exposed dams. Methods Pregnant rats were randomized to the control or three treatment (alcohol) groups. From gestational days (GD) 8-19, the control group received daily olive oil and malto/dextrose, whereas groups 2 and 3 received olive oil and low-dose alcohol or high-dose alcohol, respectively. Group 4 received daily DHA and high-dose alcohol. The dam's blood was collected on GD 15 and 20 for cytokine analysis. Dams were sacrificed on GD 20. The mean birth weight of pups was compared by one-way ANOVA with post hoc Duncan's test. Results There was a significant increase in the pups' mean birth weight in the high-dose alcohol/DHA and high-dose alcohol/olive oil. Higher pro-inflammatory cytokines (IL-1β and IL-12p70) were noted in the alcohol-exposed dams. Conclusions DHA and olive oil supplementation in alcohol-exposed pregnant rats significantly increased their pups' birth weight despite having high pro-inflammatory cytokines. The mechanism of this effect remains to be determined.
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Affiliation(s)
- Deepak Yadav
- Department of Pediatrics, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, MI, United States
| | - Enrique M. Ostrea
- Department of Pediatrics, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, MI, United States
| | - Charlie T. Cheng
- Department of Pediatrics, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, MI, United States
| | - Esther Kisseih
- Department of Pediatrics, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, MI, United States
| | - Krishna R. Maddipati
- Bioactive Lipids Research Program, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, MI, United States
| | - Ronald L. Thomas
- Department of Pediatrics, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, MI, United States
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López de Las Hazas MC, Del Saz-Lara A, Cedó L, Crespo MC, Tomé-Carneiro J, Chapado LA, Macià A, Visioli F, Escola-Gil JC, Dávalos A. Hydroxytyrosol Induces Dyslipidemia in an ApoB100 Humanized Mouse Model. Mol Nutr Food Res 2024; 68:e2300508. [PMID: 37933702 DOI: 10.1002/mnfr.202300508] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2023] [Revised: 09/25/2023] [Indexed: 11/08/2023]
Abstract
SCOPE Extra virgin olive oil has numerous cardiopreventive effects, largely due to its high content of (poly)phenols such as hydroxytyrosol (HT). However, some animal studies suggest that its excessive consumption may alter systemic lipoprotein metabolism. Because human lipoprotein metabolism differs from that of rodents, this study examines the effects of HT in a humanized mouse model that approximates human lipoprotein metabolism. METHODS AND RESULTS Mice are treated as follows: control diet or diet enriched with HT. Serum lipids and lipoproteins are determined after 4 and 8 weeks. We also analyzed the regulation of various genes and miRNA by HT, using microarrays and bioinformatic analysis. An increase in body weight is found after supplementation with HT, although food intake was similar in both groups. In addition, HT induced the accumulation of triacylglycerols but not cholesterol in different tissues. Systemic dyslipidemia after HT supplementation and impaired glucose metabolism are observed. Finally, HT modulates the expression of genes related to lipid metabolism, such as Pltp or Lpl. CONCLUSION HT supplementation induces systemic dyslipidemia and impaired glucose metabolism in humanized mice. Although the numerous health-promoting effects of HT far outweigh these potential adverse effects, further carefully conducted studies are needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- María-Carmen López de Las Hazas
- Laboratory of Epigenetics of Lipid Metabolism, Instituto Madrileño de Estudios Avanzados (IMDEA)-Alimentación, CEI UAM+CSIC, Madrid, 28049, Spain
| | - Andrea Del Saz-Lara
- Laboratory of Epigenetics of Lipid Metabolism, Instituto Madrileño de Estudios Avanzados (IMDEA)-Alimentación, CEI UAM+CSIC, Madrid, 28049, Spain
- Laboratory of Functional Foods, Instituto Madrileño de Estudios Avanzados (IMDEA)-Alimentación, CEI UAM+CSIC, Madrid, 28049, Spain
- Health and Social Research Center, Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, Cuenca, 16171, Spain
| | - Lídia Cedó
- Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques (IIB) Sant Pau, Barcelona, 08041, Spain
- Department of Endocrinology and Nutrition, Research Unit, Institut d'Investigació Sanitària Pere Virgili (IISPV), Hospital Universitari de Tarragona Joan XXIII, Tarragona, 43005, Spain
- CIBER de Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas Asociadas (CIBERDEM), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, 28029, Spain
| | - María Carmen Crespo
- Laboratory of Functional Foods, Instituto Madrileño de Estudios Avanzados (IMDEA)-Alimentación, CEI UAM+CSIC, Madrid, 28049, Spain
| | - João Tomé-Carneiro
- Laboratory of Functional Foods, Instituto Madrileño de Estudios Avanzados (IMDEA)-Alimentación, CEI UAM+CSIC, Madrid, 28049, Spain
| | - Luis A Chapado
- Laboratory of Epigenetics of Lipid Metabolism, Instituto Madrileño de Estudios Avanzados (IMDEA)-Alimentación, CEI UAM+CSIC, Madrid, 28049, Spain
| | - Alba Macià
- Department of Food Technology, Engineering and Science, XaRTA-TPV, Agrotecnio Center, Escuela Técnica Superior de Ingeniería Agraria, University of Lleida, Lleida, 25198, Spain
| | - Francesco Visioli
- Laboratory of Functional Foods, Instituto Madrileño de Estudios Avanzados (IMDEA)-Alimentación, CEI UAM+CSIC, Madrid, 28049, Spain
- Department of Molecular Medicine, University of Padova, Viale G. Colombo 3, Padova, 35121, Italy
| | - Joan C Escola-Gil
- Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques (IIB) Sant Pau, Barcelona, 08041, Spain
- CIBER de Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas Asociadas (CIBERDEM), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, 28029, Spain
- Departament de Bioquímica, Biología Molecular i Biomedicina, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Cerdanyola del Vallès, 08193, Spain
| | - Alberto Dávalos
- Laboratory of Epigenetics of Lipid Metabolism, Instituto Madrileño de Estudios Avanzados (IMDEA)-Alimentación, CEI UAM+CSIC, Madrid, 28049, Spain
- Consorcio CIBER de la Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERObn), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), Madrid, 28029, Spain
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Gómez G, Laviano HD, García-Casco JM, Escudero R, Muñoz M, Heras-Molina A, González-Bulnes A, Óvilo C, López-Bote C, Rey AI. Different Effect of Vitamin E or Hydroxytyrosol Supplementation to Sow's Diet on Oxidative Status and Performances of Weaned Piglets. Antioxidants (Basel) 2023; 12:1504. [PMID: 37627499 PMCID: PMC10451658 DOI: 10.3390/antiox12081504] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2023] [Revised: 07/21/2023] [Accepted: 07/24/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Different feeding strategies are being applied to sows in order to obtain homogeneous piglets' weights and improved health status. This study evaluated how the dietary supplementation of vitamin E (VE) (100 mg/kg), hydroxytyrosol (HXT) (1.5 mg/kg) or the combined administration (VE + HXT) given to Iberian sows from day 85 of gestation affected the growth pattern of the piglets and their oxidative status; and quantified what these effects were due to. Dietary VE and HXT improved the oxidative status of sows and piglets. Both VE and HXT modified the growth pattern at birth and performances of the piglets in a different way according to the growing period. Piglets' performances were positively correlated with plasma VE and negatively with plasma malondialdehyde (MDA) of the sow. However, the highest variation in growth patterns was explained by the colostrum composition. Significant linear equations were observed between piglets' performances and colostrum saturated (SAT), n-7 monounsaturated fatty acids (C16:1n-7 and C18:1n-7) and different desaturases indices. This study would confirm that VE supplementation to the sow diet could be more adequate than HXT for the improved development during the first weeks of a piglet's life. The combined administration of both antioxidants would not produce additional positive effects compared to the individual supplementation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gerardo Gómez
- Instituto Regional de Investigación y Desarrollo Agroalimentario y Forestal de Castilla-La Mancha (IRIAF), Ctra. Toledo-Albacete s/n., 13700 Tomelloso, Spain
| | - Hernan D. Laviano
- Departamento Producción Animal, Facultad de Veterinaria, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Avda. Puerta de Hierro s/n., 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Juan M. García-Casco
- Departamento de Mejora Genética Animal, Instituto Nacional de Investigación y Tecnología Agraria y Alimentaria, INIA, CSIC, Ctra Coruña km 7.5, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Rosa Escudero
- Departamento Producción Animal, Facultad de Veterinaria, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Avda. Puerta de Hierro s/n., 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - María Muñoz
- Departamento de Mejora Genética Animal, Instituto Nacional de Investigación y Tecnología Agraria y Alimentaria, INIA, CSIC, Ctra Coruña km 7.5, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Ana Heras-Molina
- Departamento Producción Animal, Facultad de Veterinaria, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Avda. Puerta de Hierro s/n., 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Antonio González-Bulnes
- Departamento de Producción y Sanidad Animal, Facultad de Veterinaria, Universidad Cardenal Herrera-CEU, CEU Universities, C/Tirant lo Blanc, 7, Alfara del Patriarca, 46115 Valencia, Spain
| | - Cristina Óvilo
- Departamento de Mejora Genética Animal, Instituto Nacional de Investigación y Tecnología Agraria y Alimentaria, INIA, CSIC, Ctra Coruña km 7.5, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Clemente López-Bote
- Departamento Producción Animal, Facultad de Veterinaria, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Avda. Puerta de Hierro s/n., 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Ana I. Rey
- Departamento Producción Animal, Facultad de Veterinaria, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Avda. Puerta de Hierro s/n., 28040 Madrid, Spain
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Liamin M, Lara MP, Michelet O, Rouault M, Quintela JC, Le Bloch J. Olive juice dry extract containing hydroxytyrosol, as a nontoxic and safe substance: Results from pre-clinical studies and review of toxicological studies. Toxicol Rep 2023; 10:245-260. [PMID: 36852231 PMCID: PMC9958074 DOI: 10.1016/j.toxrep.2023.02.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2022] [Revised: 01/31/2023] [Accepted: 02/11/2023] [Indexed: 02/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Products derived from olives, such as the raw fruit and oils, are widely consumed due to their taste, and purported nutritional/health benefits. Phenolic compounds, especially hydroxytyrosol (HT), have been proposed as one of the key substances involved in these effects. An olive juice extract, standardized to contain 20% HT ("OE20HT"), was produced to investigate its health benefits. The aim of this study was to demonstrate the genotoxic safety of this ingredient based on in vitro Ames assay and in vitro micronucleus assay. Results indicated that OE20HT was not mutagenic at concentrations of up to 5000 µg/plate, with or without metabolic activation, and was neither aneugenic nor clastogenic after 3-hour exposure at concentrations of up to 60 µg/mL with or without metabolic activation, or after 24-hour exposure at concentrations of up to 40 µg/mL. To further substantiate the safety of OE20HT following ingestion without conducting additional animal studies, a comprehensive literature review was conducted. No safety concerns were identified based on acute or sub-chronic studies in animals, including reproductive and developmental studies. These results were supported by clinical studies demonstrating the absence of adverse effects after oral supplementation with olive extracts or HT. Based on in vitro data and the literature review, the OE20HT extract is therefore considered as safe for human consumption at doses up to 2.5 mg/kg body weight/day.
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Key Words
- 2AA, 2-aminoanthracene
- 9AA, 9-aminoacridine
- CBI, Centre for the Promotion of Imports from developing countries
- CP, cyclophosphamide monohydrate
- EFSA, European Food Safety Authority
- Food product
- Genotoxicity
- HT, hydroxytyrosol
- Hydroxytyrosol
- MF, mutation factor
- MMC, mitomycin C
- MMS, methyl-methanesulfonate
- Mutagenicity
- NDP, 4-nitro-1,2-phenylene-diamine
- NOAEL, no observed adverse effect level
- OE20HT, olive juice dry extract titrated 20% hydroxytyrosol
- OECD, Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development
- Olive fruit extract
- PD, population doubling
- RICC, relative increase in cell count
- RPD, relative population doubling
- SAZ, sodium azide
- Safety
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Affiliation(s)
- Marie Liamin
- Nutraveris, A Food Chain ID Company, 6 rue de la gare, 22000 Saint-Brieuc, France,Corresponding author.
| | - Maria Pilar Lara
- NATAC Biotech S.L., C/ Electrónica 7, 28923 Alcorcón, Madrid, Spain
| | - Olivier Michelet
- Nutraveris, A Food Chain ID Company, 6 rue de la gare, 22000 Saint-Brieuc, France
| | - Marie Rouault
- Nutraveris, A Food Chain ID Company, 6 rue de la gare, 22000 Saint-Brieuc, France
| | | | - Jérôme Le Bloch
- Nutraveris, A Food Chain ID Company, 6 rue de la gare, 22000 Saint-Brieuc, France
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Deckmann I, Santos-Terra J, Martel F, Vieira Carletti J. Common pregnancy complications and polyphenols intake: an overview. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2023; 64:5924-5957. [PMID: 36597650 DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2022.2160960] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
During pregnancy, the body undergoes a great amount of changes in order to support a healthy developing fetus. In this context, maternal dietary supplementation is widely encouraged to provide adequate nutrition for the newborn. In the past few years, studies have emerged highlighting the benefits of polyphenols intake during pregnancy. Indeed, despite differences among reports, such as experimental model, polyphenol employed, dosage and regimen of administration, there is no doubt that the ingestion of these molecules has a protective effect in relation to three pregnancy-associated diseases or conditions: preeclampsia, gestational diabetes and fetal growth restriction. In this review, we describe the effects of different polyphenols and polyphenol-rich extracts or juices on the main outcomes of these common pregnancy-associated complications, obtained in human, animal and in vitro studies. Therefore, this work provides a critical analysis of the literature, and a summary of evidences, from which future research using polyphenols can be designed and evaluated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Iohanna Deckmann
- Department of Biochemistry, Institute of Basic Health Sciences, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Júlio Santos-Terra
- Department of Biochemistry, Institute of Basic Health Sciences, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Fátima Martel
- Unit of Biochemistry, Department of Biomedicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
- Institute for Research and Innovation in Health (i3S), University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Jaqueline Vieira Carletti
- Neuropharmacology Laboratory, Drug Research and Development Center, Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, Brazil
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Plant-derived polyphenols in sow nutrition: An update. ANIMAL NUTRITION (ZHONGGUO XU MU SHOU YI XUE HUI) 2022; 12:96-107. [PMID: 36632620 PMCID: PMC9823128 DOI: 10.1016/j.aninu.2022.08.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2022] [Revised: 08/10/2022] [Accepted: 08/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
Oxidative stress is a potentially critical factor that affects productive performance in gestating and lactating sows. Polyphenols are a large class of plant secondary metabolites that possess robust antioxidant capacity. All polyphenols are structurally characterized by aromatic rings with multiple hydrogen hydroxyl groups; those make polyphenols perfect hydrogen atoms and electron donors to neutralize free radicals and other reactive oxygen species. In the past decade, increasing attention has been paid to polyphenols as functional feed additives for sows. Polyphenols have been found to alleviate inflammation and oxidative stress in sows, boost their reproductivity, and promote offspring growth and development. In this review, we provided a systematical summary of the latest research advances in plant-derived polyphenols in sow nutrition, and mainly focused on the effects of polyphenols on the (1) antioxidant and immune functions of sows, (2) placental functions and the growth and development of fetal piglets, (3) mammary gland functions and the growth and development of suckling piglets, and (4) the long-term growth and development of progeny pigs. The output of this review provides an important foundation, from more than 8,000 identified plant phenols, to screen potential polyphenols (or polyphenol-enriched plants) as functional feed additives suitable for gestating and lactating sows.
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López-Yerena A, Grases-Pintó B, Zhan-Dai S, Pérez-Cano FJ, Lamuela-Raventos RM, Rodríguez-Lagunas MJ, Vallverdú-Queralt A. Nutrition during pregnancy and lactation: New evidence for the vertical transmission of extra virgin olive oil phenolic compounds in rats. Food Chem 2022; 391:133211. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2022.133211] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2022] [Revised: 04/20/2022] [Accepted: 05/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
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Heras-Molina A, Escudero R, Pesántez-Pacheco JL, García-Contreras C, Vázquez-Gómez M, Astiz S, Óvilo C, González-Bulnes A, Isabel B. Maternal Supplementation with Polyphenols and Omega-3 Fatty Acids during Pregnancy: Prenatal Effects on Fetal Fatty Acid Composition in the Iberian Pig. Animals (Basel) 2022; 12:ani12162140. [PMID: 36009731 PMCID: PMC9405247 DOI: 10.3390/ani12162140] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2022] [Revised: 08/17/2022] [Accepted: 08/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary The present study aimed to determine the effects of maternal dietary supplementation combining hydroxytyrosol and n3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (n3-PUFA) from day 35 to day 100 of gestation on the fatty acid (FA) composition of the offspring tissues of the Iberian pig. No effects were found in the plasma FA composition of the dams but higher levels of n3-PUFA were found in the plasma and different tissues (muscle, liver, and brain) of the supplemented fetuses. These findings may have important implications for piglets’ health and may offer guidance for achieving human dietary n3-PUFA recommendations. Abstract Intrauterine Growth Restriction (IUGR) is a major problem in pig production and different strategies, mainly maternal supplementation with different agents, are currently being studied. The combination of hydroxytyrosol and n3-PUFA seems to be a promising treatment to counteract IUGR, since the combination may help improve n3-PUFA composition and lower the inflammatory status of IUGR piglets. The aim of the present study is to determine the effects of a maternal supplementation, from day 35 to day 100 of pregnancy, with linseed oil and hydroxytyrosol on the fetal FA composition. The results showed higher n3 levels, including eicosapentaenoic and docosahexaenoic FA in the offspring from treated gilts, which showed lower n6-PUFA/n3-PUFA (n6/n3) ratios. Saturated and monounsaturated fatty acids were also affected by treatment, especially in the muscle and brain. Thus, a maternal supplementation with linseed oil and hydroxytyrosol affected the fetal FA tissue composition, which could have implications in pig production due to the improvement of the piglets’ health status.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Heras-Molina
- CSIC-INIA, Ctra. De La Coruña Km. 7.5, 28040 Madrid, Spain
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Ciudad Universitaria s/n, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Rosa Escudero
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Ciudad Universitaria s/n, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - José L. Pesántez-Pacheco
- CSIC-INIA, Ctra. De La Coruña Km. 7.5, 28040 Madrid, Spain
- School of Veterinary Medicine and Zootechnics, Faculty of Agricultural Sciences, University of Cuenca, Avda. Doce de Octubre, Cuenca 010220, Ecuador
| | | | - Marta Vázquez-Gómez
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Ciudad Universitaria s/n, 28040 Madrid, Spain
- Nutrition and Obesities: Systemic Approaches Research Unit (NutriOmics), INSERM, Sorbonne Université, 75006 Paris, France
| | - Susana Astiz
- CSIC-INIA, Ctra. De La Coruña Km. 7.5, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Cristina Óvilo
- CSIC-INIA, Ctra. De La Coruña Km. 7.5, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Antonio González-Bulnes
- CSIC-INIA, Ctra. De La Coruña Km. 7.5, 28040 Madrid, Spain
- Departamento de Producción y Sanidad Animal, Facultad de Veterinaria, Universidad Cardenal Herrera-CEU, CEU Universities, C/Tirant lo Blanc, 7. Alfara del Patriarca, 46115 Valencia, Spain
- Correspondence: (A.G.-B.); (B.I.)
| | - Beatriz Isabel
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Ciudad Universitaria s/n, 28040 Madrid, Spain
- Correspondence: (A.G.-B.); (B.I.)
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Valenzuela I, Kinoshita M, van der Merwe J, Maršál K, Deprest J. Prenatal interventions for fetal growth restriction in animal models: A systematic review. Placenta 2022; 126:90-113. [PMID: 35796064 DOI: 10.1016/j.placenta.2022.06.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2021] [Revised: 05/20/2022] [Accepted: 06/17/2022] [Indexed: 12/09/2022]
Abstract
Fetal growth restriction (FGR) in human pregnancy is associated with perinatal mortality, short- and long-term morbidities. No prenatal therapy is currently established despite decades of research. We aimed to review interventions in animal models for prenatal FGR treatment, and to seek the next steps for an effective clinical therapy. We registered our protocol and searched MEDLINE, Embase, and The Cochrane Library with no language restrictions, in accordance with the PRISMA guideline. We included all studies that reported the effects of any prenatal intervention in animal models of induced FGR. From 3257 screened studies, 202 describing 237 interventions were included for the final synthesis. Mice and rats were the most used animals (79%) followed by sheep (16%). Antioxidants (23%), followed by vasodilators (18%), nutrients (14%), and immunomodulators (12%) were the most tested therapy. Two-thirds of studies only reported delivery or immediate neonatal outcomes. Adverse effects were rarely reported (11%). Most studies (73%), independent of the intervention, showed a benefit in fetal survival or birthweight. The risk of bias was high, mostly due to the lack of randomization, allocation concealment, and blinding. Future research should aim to describe both short- and long-term outcomes across various organ systems in well-characterized models. Further efforts must be made to reduce selection, performance, and detection bias.
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Polyphenols and IUGR Pregnancies: Effects of the Antioxidant Hydroxytyrosol on the Hippocampus Proteome in a Porcine Model. Antioxidants (Basel) 2022; 11:antiox11061135. [PMID: 35740029 PMCID: PMC9219860 DOI: 10.3390/antiox11061135] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2022] [Revised: 06/04/2022] [Accepted: 06/07/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Supplementation of a mother’s diet with antioxidants such as hydroxytyrosol (HTX) has been proposed to ameliorate the adverse phenotypes of foetuses affected by intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR). Our previous studies showed, in a porcine model of IUGR, an effect of maternal HTX supplementation on the neurotransmitter profile of several brain areas and the morphology of the hippocampus in 100 days old foetuses. The present study analyzed the impact of maternal HTX supplementation on the hippocampus proteome at this foetal age by TMT10plex labelling. Eleven differentially abundant proteins were identified by comparing both conditions, and eight of them downregulated and three upregulated in the HTX-treated group. The downregulated proteins were mainly involved in protein synthesis and RNA metabolism and may explain the differences in neuron differentiation in the HTX-treated group. The upregulated proteins were related to cell detoxification and could represent a potential mechanism to explain the neuroprotective effect of HTX.
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Polyphenols and IUGR Pregnancies: Intrauterine Growth Restriction and Hydroxytyrosol Affect the Development and Neurotransmitter Profile of the Hippocampus in a Pig Model. Antioxidants (Basel) 2021; 10:antiox10101505. [PMID: 34679640 PMCID: PMC8532848 DOI: 10.3390/antiox10101505] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2021] [Revised: 09/13/2021] [Accepted: 09/15/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR) refers to poor growth of a fetus during pregnancy due to deficient maternal nutrition or oxygen supply. Supplementation of a mother’s diet with antioxidants, such as hydroxytyrosol (HTX), has been proposed to ameliorate the adverse phenotypes of IUGR. In the present study, sows were treated daily with or without 1.5 mg of HTX per kilogram of feed from day 35 of pregnancy (at 30% of the total gestational period), and fetuses were sampled at day 100 of gestation. Fetuses were classified as normal body weight (NBW) or low body weight (LBW) as a consequence of IUGR, constituting four groups: NBW-Control, NBW-HTX, LBW-Control, and LBW-HTX. The brain was removed, and the hippocampus, amygdala, and prefrontal cortex were rapidly dissected. Neuronal markers were studied by immunohistochemistry, and a decrease in the number of mature neurons in the hippocampal Cornu Ammonis subfield 1 (CA1) and the Dentate Gyrus (DG) regions was observed in LBW fetuses together with a higher number of immature neurons and other alterations in neuronal morphology. Furthermore, IUGR conditions altered the neurotransmitter (NT) profile, since an increase in the serotonin (5-HT) pathway was observed in LBW fetuses. Supplementation with HTX was able to reverse the morphological and neurochemical changes, leading both characteristics to values similar to those of NBW fetuses.
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Heras-Molina A, Pesántez-Pacheco JL, Garcia-Contreras C, Vázquez-Gómez M, López A, Benítez R, Núñez Y, Astiz S, Óvilo C, Isabel B, González-Bulnes A. Maternal Supplementation with Polyphenols and Omega-3 Fatty Acids during Pregnancy: Prenatal Effects on Growth and Metabolism. Animals (Basel) 2021; 11:ani11061699. [PMID: 34200304 PMCID: PMC8227179 DOI: 10.3390/ani11061699] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2021] [Revised: 06/01/2021] [Accepted: 06/05/2021] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary The present study aimed to determine benefits and risks of a dietary supplementation combining hydroxytyrosol and n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) on prenatal development and metabolic traits in swine, a model of intrauterine growth restricted (IUGR) pregnancies. No effects were found regarding sows’ weight and adiposity. Treated sows had larger litters, with smaller fetuses. However, these animals had better development of some major organs. Fetuses from the treated group had better glycemic and lipidic indexes, but no effects on anti/prooxidant profiles were found. Abstract Maternal supplementation with antioxidants and n-3 PUFAs may be a promising strategy to reduce the risk of intrauterine growth restriction and preterm delivery, which may diminish the appearance of low-birth-neonates. A previous studies showed beneficial outcomes of the combination of hydroxytyrosol and linoleic acid, but there is no data of its prenatal effects. The present study aimed to determine the possible prenatal implications of such maternal supplementation at prenatal stages in swine, a model of IUGR pregnancies. Results showed effects on litter size, with treated sows having larger litters and, therefore, smaller fetuses. However, the brain/head weight ratio showed a positive effect of the treatment in development, as well as in some other major organs like lungs, spleen, or kidneys. On the other hand, treated piglets showed better glycemic and lipidemic profiles, which could explain postnatal effects. However, further research on the implications of the treatment on litter size and prenatal and postnatal development must be done before practical recommendation can be given.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Heras-Molina
- SGIT-INIA, Ctra. De La Coruña Km. 7.5, 28040 Madrid, Spain; (A.H.-M.); (J.L.P.-P.); (C.G.-C.); (A.L.); (R.B.); (Y.N.); (S.A.); (C.Ó.)
| | - José Luis Pesántez-Pacheco
- SGIT-INIA, Ctra. De La Coruña Km. 7.5, 28040 Madrid, Spain; (A.H.-M.); (J.L.P.-P.); (C.G.-C.); (A.L.); (R.B.); (Y.N.); (S.A.); (C.Ó.)
- Faculty of Agricultural Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine and Zootechnics, University of Cuenca, Avda. Doce de Octubre, Cuenca 010220, Ecuador
| | - Consolación Garcia-Contreras
- SGIT-INIA, Ctra. De La Coruña Km. 7.5, 28040 Madrid, Spain; (A.H.-M.); (J.L.P.-P.); (C.G.-C.); (A.L.); (R.B.); (Y.N.); (S.A.); (C.Ó.)
| | - Marta Vázquez-Gómez
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, UCM, Ciudad Universitaria s/n, 28040 Madrid, Spain; (M.V.-G.); (B.I.)
- Facultat de Veterinària, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Edifici V, Trav. dels Turons, 08193 Bellaterra, Spain
| | - Adrián López
- SGIT-INIA, Ctra. De La Coruña Km. 7.5, 28040 Madrid, Spain; (A.H.-M.); (J.L.P.-P.); (C.G.-C.); (A.L.); (R.B.); (Y.N.); (S.A.); (C.Ó.)
| | - Rita Benítez
- SGIT-INIA, Ctra. De La Coruña Km. 7.5, 28040 Madrid, Spain; (A.H.-M.); (J.L.P.-P.); (C.G.-C.); (A.L.); (R.B.); (Y.N.); (S.A.); (C.Ó.)
| | - Yolanda Núñez
- SGIT-INIA, Ctra. De La Coruña Km. 7.5, 28040 Madrid, Spain; (A.H.-M.); (J.L.P.-P.); (C.G.-C.); (A.L.); (R.B.); (Y.N.); (S.A.); (C.Ó.)
| | - Susana Astiz
- SGIT-INIA, Ctra. De La Coruña Km. 7.5, 28040 Madrid, Spain; (A.H.-M.); (J.L.P.-P.); (C.G.-C.); (A.L.); (R.B.); (Y.N.); (S.A.); (C.Ó.)
| | - Cristina Óvilo
- SGIT-INIA, Ctra. De La Coruña Km. 7.5, 28040 Madrid, Spain; (A.H.-M.); (J.L.P.-P.); (C.G.-C.); (A.L.); (R.B.); (Y.N.); (S.A.); (C.Ó.)
| | - Beatriz Isabel
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, UCM, Ciudad Universitaria s/n, 28040 Madrid, Spain; (M.V.-G.); (B.I.)
| | - Antonio González-Bulnes
- SGIT-INIA, Ctra. De La Coruña Km. 7.5, 28040 Madrid, Spain; (A.H.-M.); (J.L.P.-P.); (C.G.-C.); (A.L.); (R.B.); (Y.N.); (S.A.); (C.Ó.)
- Departamento de Producción y Sanidad Animal, Facultad de Veterinaria, Universidad Cardenal Herrera-CEU, CEU Universities, C/Tirant lo Blanc, 7, Alfara del Patriarca, 46115 Valencia, Spain
- Correspondence:
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Polyphenols and IUGR Pregnancies: Effects of the Antioxidant Hydroxytyrosol on Brain Neurochemistry and Development in a Porcine Model. Antioxidants (Basel) 2021; 10:antiox10060884. [PMID: 34073097 PMCID: PMC8227239 DOI: 10.3390/antiox10060884] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2021] [Revised: 05/19/2021] [Accepted: 05/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Supplementation of a mother’s diet with antioxidants, such as hydroxytyrosol (HTX), has been proposed to ameliorate the adverse phenotypes of fetuses at risk of intrauterine growth restriction. In the present study, sows were treated daily with or without 1.5 mg of HTX per kilogram of feed from day 35 of pregnancy (at 30% of total gestational period), and individuals were sampled at three different ages: 100-day-old fetuses and 1-month- and 6-month-old piglets. After euthanasia, the brain was removed and the hippocampus, amygdala, and prefrontal cortex were dissected. The profile of the catecholaminergic and serotoninergic neurotransmitters (NTs) was characterized and an immunohistochemical study of the hippocampus was performed. The results indicated that maternal supplementation with HTX during pregnancy affected the NT profile in a brain-area-dependant mode and it modified the process of neuron differentiation in the hippocampal CA1 and GD areas, indicating that cell differentiation occurred more rapidly in the HTX group. These effects were specific to the fetal period, concomitantly with HTX maternal supplementation, since no major differences remained between the control and treated groups in 1-month- and 6-month-old pigs.
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Tomé-Carneiro J, Crespo MC, López de Las Hazas MC, Visioli F, Dávalos A. Olive oil consumption and its repercussions on lipid metabolism. Nutr Rev 2021; 78:952-968. [PMID: 32299100 DOI: 10.1093/nutrit/nuaa014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Consumption of highly processed foods, such as those high in trans fats and free sugars, coupled with sedentarism and chronic stress increases the risk of obesity and cardiometabolic disorders, while adherence to a Mediterranean diet is inversely associated with the prevalence of such diseases. Olive oil is the main source of fat in the Mediterranean diet. Data accumulated thus far show consumption of extra virgin, (poly)phenol-rich olive oil to be associated with specific health benefits. Of note, recommendations for consumption based on health claims refer to the phenolic content of extra virgin olive oil as beneficial. However, even though foods rich in monounsaturated fatty acids, such as olive oil, are healthier than foods rich in saturated and trans fats, their inordinate use can lead to adverse effects on health. The aim of this review was to summarize the data on olive oil consumption worldwide and to critically examine the literature on the potential adverse effects of olive oil and its main components, particularly any effects on lipid metabolism. As demonstrated by substantial evidence, extra virgin olive oil is healthful and should be preferentially used within the context of a balanced diet, but excessive consumption may lead to adverse consequences.
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Affiliation(s)
- João Tomé-Carneiro
- Laboratory of Functional Foods, Madrid Institute for Advanced Studies (IMDEA)-Food, Campus of International Excellence UAM + CSIC, Madrid, Spain
| | - María Carmen Crespo
- Laboratory of Functional Foods, Madrid Institute for Advanced Studies (IMDEA)-Food, Campus of International Excellence UAM + CSIC, Madrid, Spain
| | - María Carmen López de Las Hazas
- Laboratory of Epigenetics of Lipid Metabolism, Madrid Institute for Advanced Studies (IMDEA)-Food, Campus of International Excellence UAM + CSIC, Madrid, Spain
| | - Francesco Visioli
- Laboratory of Functional Foods, Madrid Institute for Advanced Studies (IMDEA)-Food, Campus of International Excellence UAM + CSIC, Madrid, Spain.,Department of Molecular Medicine, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - Alberto Dávalos
- Laboratory of Epigenetics of Lipid Metabolism, Madrid Institute for Advanced Studies (IMDEA)-Food, Campus of International Excellence UAM + CSIC, Madrid, Spain
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Ayuso M, Buyssens L, Stroe M, Valenzuela A, Allegaert K, Smits A, Annaert P, Mulder A, Carpentier S, Van Ginneken C, Van Cruchten S. The Neonatal and Juvenile Pig in Pediatric Drug Discovery and Development. Pharmaceutics 2020; 13:44. [PMID: 33396805 PMCID: PMC7823749 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics13010044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2020] [Revised: 12/22/2020] [Accepted: 12/22/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Pharmacotherapy in pediatric patients is challenging in view of the maturation of organ systems and processes that affect pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics. Especially for the youngest age groups and for pediatric-only indications, neonatal and juvenile animal models can be useful to assess drug safety and to better understand the mechanisms of diseases or conditions. In this respect, the use of neonatal and juvenile pigs in the field of pediatric drug discovery and development is promising, although still limited at this point. This review summarizes the comparative postnatal development of pigs and humans and discusses the advantages of the juvenile pig in view of developmental pharmacology, pediatric diseases, drug discovery and drug safety testing. Furthermore, limitations and unexplored aspects of this large animal model are covered. At this point in time, the potential of the neonatal and juvenile pig as nonclinical safety models for pediatric drug development is underexplored.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miriam Ayuso
- Comparative Perinatal Development, Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Antwerp, 2610 Wilrijk, Belgium; (L.B.); (M.S.); (A.V.); (C.V.G.)
| | - Laura Buyssens
- Comparative Perinatal Development, Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Antwerp, 2610 Wilrijk, Belgium; (L.B.); (M.S.); (A.V.); (C.V.G.)
| | - Marina Stroe
- Comparative Perinatal Development, Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Antwerp, 2610 Wilrijk, Belgium; (L.B.); (M.S.); (A.V.); (C.V.G.)
| | - Allan Valenzuela
- Comparative Perinatal Development, Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Antwerp, 2610 Wilrijk, Belgium; (L.B.); (M.S.); (A.V.); (C.V.G.)
| | - Karel Allegaert
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Pharmacological Sciences, KU Leuven, 3000 Leuven, Belgium; (K.A.); (P.A.)
- Department of Development and Regeneration, KU Leuven, 3000 Leuven, Belgium;
- Department of Hospital Pharmacy, Erasmus MC Rotterdam, 3000 CA Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Anne Smits
- Department of Development and Regeneration, KU Leuven, 3000 Leuven, Belgium;
- Neonatal Intensive Care Unit, University Hospitals UZ Leuven, 3000 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Pieter Annaert
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Pharmacological Sciences, KU Leuven, 3000 Leuven, Belgium; (K.A.); (P.A.)
| | - Antonius Mulder
- Department of Neonatology, University Hospital Antwerp, 2650 Edegem, Belgium;
- Laboratory of Experimental Medicine and Pediatrics, University of Antwerp, 2610 Wilrijk, Belgium
| | | | - Chris Van Ginneken
- Comparative Perinatal Development, Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Antwerp, 2610 Wilrijk, Belgium; (L.B.); (M.S.); (A.V.); (C.V.G.)
| | - Steven Van Cruchten
- Comparative Perinatal Development, Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Antwerp, 2610 Wilrijk, Belgium; (L.B.); (M.S.); (A.V.); (C.V.G.)
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The Role of Offspring Genotype-By-Sex Interactions, Independently of Environmental Cues, on the Phenotype Traits of an Obese Swine Model. BIOLOGY 2020; 9:biology9120445. [PMID: 33291637 PMCID: PMC7761963 DOI: 10.3390/biology9120445] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2020] [Revised: 11/30/2020] [Accepted: 12/01/2020] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Simple Summary The present study, comparing the postnatal development of purebred Iberian and crossbreds Iberian × Large White littermates born from purebred Iberian sows, allows us to discern phenotype traits driven by the genotype from features imposed by pre- and postnatal environment. The results obtained in this study support the well-known relevance of genotype but also evidence a paramount role of the interaction sex-by-genotype, with differential effects depending on the offspring genotype and sex. Abstract The present study aimed to assess the importance of offspring genotype on postnatal development, independently of confounding factors related to prenatal environment and postnatal lifestyle, using a translational model of obesity and metabolic syndrome (the Iberian pig). Hence, we compared two genotypes (purebred Iberian and crossbreds Iberian × Large White), produced in one single maternal environment (pure Iberian mothers) through artificial insemination of Iberian sows with Iberian and Large White heterospermic semen and maintained in the same conditions during postnatal development. The results indicate that, under same pre- and postnatal environments, the interaction genotype-by-sex has a determinant role on offspring phenotype (i.e., growth and development, metabolic and antioxidant status and fatty acid composition of different tissues). These results may set the basis for future preclinical and clinical research on the differences in the metabolic phenotype among genotypes.
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Effects of excessive tea consumption on pregnancy weight gain and neonatal birth weight. Obstet Gynecol Sci 2020; 64:34-41. [PMID: 33249804 PMCID: PMC7834757 DOI: 10.5468/ogs.20157] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2020] [Accepted: 10/19/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Tea lovers are increasing worldwide. We hope that this report is the first to discuss the possible impacts of high black tea consumption on gestational weight gain (GWG) and birth parameters. METHODS Throughout one year, a total of 7,063 pregnant ladies coming for first antenatal visit were screened in a major tertiary center. Of them, 1,138 were involved and divided according to their preference into 3 groups: excessive tea (ET), usual tea (UT), and mixed beverages group. The study included women who gave birth to healthy neonates. RESULTS The rate of ET consumption was 4.13% with a total of 41 cases. The UT group (controls) comprised 94 women. ET was significantly associated (P<0.05) with maternal age, parity, occupation, smoking, and poor GWG starting from 30 weeks' gestation until delivery, low birth weight, and small for gestational age (SGA). Poor GWG had a higher relative risk (with 95% confidence interval) in the ET group than in the UT group in crude (1.84 [0.85-2.43]) and risk adjusted models (1.25 [0.28-2.26]). Further, similar results were obtained for SGA in the crude and 3 adjusted models, where the first model was adjusted for bio-obstetrical variables, the second for social parameters, and the third for all factors included in the previous models (1.53 [0.62-2.81], 1.52 [0.71-2.50], and 1.46 [0.78-2.39]), respectively. CONCLUSION Consumption of large amounts of daily black tea during pregnancy (≥1,500 mL) is a significant cause of poor GWG and SGA.
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The Effects of Maternal Metformin Treatment on Late Prenatal and Early Postnatal Development of the Offspring Are Modulated by Sex. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2020; 13:ph13110363. [PMID: 33158193 PMCID: PMC7694275 DOI: 10.3390/ph13110363] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2020] [Revised: 10/31/2020] [Accepted: 11/03/2020] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Metformin is currently used to improve pregnancy outcome in women affected by polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) or diabetes. However, metformin may also be useful in pregnancies at risk of intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR) since it improves placental efficiency and the fetuses' developmental competence. There is no data on the duration of the effect of this treatment from the prenatal up to the postnatal stages. Therefore, the present trial aimed at determining the impact of metformin treatment on the offspring neonatal traits and early postnatal development (i.e., during lactation) using an in vivo swine model. The results support that maternal metformin treatment during pregnancy induces protective changes in body shape and composition of the progeny (i.e., larger head size and body length at birth and higher total viscera weight at weaning). However, there were also major effects of the offspring sex (smaller corpulence in females and lower relative weight of main viscerae in males), which should be considered for further preclinical studies and when even the current clinical application in women affected by PCOS or diabetes is implemented.
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Heras-Molina A, Pesantez-Pacheco JL, Astiz S, Garcia-Contreras C, Vazquez-Gomez M, Encinas T, Óvilo C, Isabel B, Gonzalez-Bulnes A. Maternal Supplementation with Polyphenols and Omega-3 Fatty Acids during Pregnancy: Effects on Growth, Metabolism, and Body Composition of the Offspring. Animals (Basel) 2020; 10:ani10111946. [PMID: 33105758 PMCID: PMC7690598 DOI: 10.3390/ani10111946] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2020] [Revised: 08/21/2020] [Accepted: 10/19/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary The present study aimed to determine benefits and risks of a dietary supplementation combining hydroxytyrosol and n3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) on developmental patterns and metabolic traits of offspring in swine, a model of intrauterine growth restricted (IUGR) pregnancies. There were no deleterious effects on the reproductive traits of the sows and the postnatal features of the piglets. Piglets from the supplemented sows, in spite of a lower mean weight and corpulence at birth, showed higher average daily weight gain and fractional growth rate afterwards. Consequently, they reached higher weight and corpulence with increased muscle development and better lipidemic and fatty acids profiles than control offspring at juvenile stages. Abstract Maternal supplementation with antioxidants and n3 PUFAs may be a promising strategy to reduce the risk of intrauterine growth restriction and preterm delivery, which may diminish the appearance of low-birth-weight neonates. The present study aimed to determine benefits and risks of a dietary supplementation combining hydroxytyrosol, a polyphenol from olive leaves and fruits, and n3 PUFAs, from linseed oil, on developmental patterns and metabolic traits of offspring in swine, a model of IUGR pregnancies. The results obtained indicate that maternal supplementation with hydroxytyrosol and n-3 fatty acids during pregnancy has no deleterious effects on the reproductive traits of the sows (prolificacy, homogeneity of the litter, and percentage of stillborns and low-birth-weight, LBW, piglets) and the postnatal features of the piglets (growth patterns, adiposity, and metabolic traits). Conversely, in spite of a lower mean weight and corpulence at birth, piglets from the supplemented sows showed higher average daily weight gain and fractional growth rate. Thus, at juvenile stages afterwards, the offspring from the treated group reached higher weight and corpulence, with increased muscle development and better lipidemic and fatty acid profiles, in spite of similar adiposity, than offspring in the control group. However, much caution and more research are still needed before practical recommendation and use in human pregnancies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Heras-Molina
- SGIT-INIA, Ctra. De La Coruña Km. 7.5, 28040 Madrid, Spain; (A.H.-M.); (J.L.P.-P.); (S.A.); (C.G.-C.); (C.Ó.)
| | - José Luis Pesantez-Pacheco
- SGIT-INIA, Ctra. De La Coruña Km. 7.5, 28040 Madrid, Spain; (A.H.-M.); (J.L.P.-P.); (S.A.); (C.G.-C.); (C.Ó.)
- School of Veterinary Medicine and Zootechnics, Faculty of Agricultural Sciences, University of Cuenca, Avda. Doce de Octubre, Cuenca 010220, Ecuador
| | - Susana Astiz
- SGIT-INIA, Ctra. De La Coruña Km. 7.5, 28040 Madrid, Spain; (A.H.-M.); (J.L.P.-P.); (S.A.); (C.G.-C.); (C.Ó.)
| | | | - Marta Vazquez-Gomez
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, UCM, Ciudad Universitaria s/n, 28040 Madrid, Spain; (M.V.-G.); (T.E.); (B.I.)
- Facultat de Veterinària, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Edifici V, Trav. dels Turons, 08193 Bellaterra, Spain
| | - Teresa Encinas
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, UCM, Ciudad Universitaria s/n, 28040 Madrid, Spain; (M.V.-G.); (T.E.); (B.I.)
| | - Cristina Óvilo
- SGIT-INIA, Ctra. De La Coruña Km. 7.5, 28040 Madrid, Spain; (A.H.-M.); (J.L.P.-P.); (S.A.); (C.G.-C.); (C.Ó.)
| | - Beatriz Isabel
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, UCM, Ciudad Universitaria s/n, 28040 Madrid, Spain; (M.V.-G.); (T.E.); (B.I.)
| | - Antonio Gonzalez-Bulnes
- SGIT-INIA, Ctra. De La Coruña Km. 7.5, 28040 Madrid, Spain; (A.H.-M.); (J.L.P.-P.); (S.A.); (C.G.-C.); (C.Ó.)
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, UCM, Ciudad Universitaria s/n, 28040 Madrid, Spain; (M.V.-G.); (T.E.); (B.I.)
- Correspondence:
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Effect of punicalagin and human chorionic gonadotropin on body weight and reproductive traits in maiden rabbit does. Vet Anim Sci 2020; 10:100140. [PMID: 32995661 PMCID: PMC7501459 DOI: 10.1016/j.vas.2020.100140] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2019] [Revised: 08/09/2020] [Accepted: 08/16/2020] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Punicalagin as a potential antioxidant against free radicals in combination with human chorionic gonadotropin as an auxiliary factor in increasing progesterone levels from accessory corpus luteum enhance reproductive and pregnancy health in young does. Free radicals produced from reproductive processes may disturb oocyte and embryo growth. Injection of punicalagin (PL) alone or in combination with human chorionic gonadotropin (HCG) had significant impacts on maternal body weight (MBW), conception rate (CR), gestation length (GL), kindling rate (KR), total litter size (TLS), live litter size (LLS), kit weight (KW) and progesterone (P4) concentrations during 1st/2nd gestation periods.
Little is known about the effect of punicalagin extracted from pomegranate or in combination with human chorionic gonadotropin on enhancing the productive and reproductive performance in rabbits that gestate for the first time. The impact of punicalagin alone or in combination with human chorionic gonadotropin on maiden doe body weight, progesterone concentrations, conception rate, gestation rate, litter size, and kit weight was investigated in this study. A completely randomized and balanced experimental design was used to allocate 21 naturally mated maiden does at 6 months of age into the following three treatment groups of 7 does each: Control - intramuscular injection with sterilized water only; Treatment 1 - pre-mating intramuscular injection with punicalagin (100 µg/doe) twice a week and once 3 days post-mating; and Treatment 2 - pre-mating intramuscular injection with punicalagin twice a week and human chorionic gonadotropin (25 IU/doe) once 3 days post-mating. Progesterone was assayed from blood samples taken from the ear marginal vein at mating, post-mating, gestation, and post-kindling phases when all does were weighed. Results indicated significantly positive impacts of punicalagin alone or in combination with human chorionic gonadotropin on all doe reproductive traits, birth, and weaning weights of kits. The study clearly demonstrated an improvement in doe fertility, reproductive performance, and kit survival to weaning. In conclusion, PL and PL+HCG improved maternal body weights and their offspring as well as pregnancy outcomes of young rabbits particularly in the 2nd pregnancy, hence findings of this study could be recommended for improving reproductive health and fertility in maiden rabbit does.
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Arishe OO, Ebeigbe AB, Webb RC. Use of a Combination of Insulin Sensitizers and Antioxidant Supplements in the Management of Pregnancy Hypertensive Disorders. Am J Hypertens 2020; 33:602-603. [PMID: 32337574 DOI: 10.1093/ajh/hpaa063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2020] [Accepted: 04/13/2020] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Olufunke O Arishe
- Department of Physiology, Medical College of Georgia at Augusta University, Augusta, Georgia, USA
- Department of Physiology, College of Medical Sciences, University of Benin, Benin City, Nigeria
| | - Anthony B Ebeigbe
- Department of Physiology, College of Medical Sciences, University of Benin, Benin City, Nigeria
| | - R Clinton Webb
- Department of Cell Biology and Anatomy, Cardiovascular Translational Research Center, School of Medicine Columbia, University of South Carolina, Columbia, South Carolina, USA
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Parraguez VH, Sales F, Peralta OA, Narbona E, Lira R, De los Reyes M, González-Bulnes A. Supplementation of Underfed Twin-Bearing Ewes with Herbal Vitamins C and E: Impacts on Birth Weight, Postnatal Growth, and Pre-Weaning Survival of the Lambs. Animals (Basel) 2020; 10:ani10040652. [PMID: 32283780 PMCID: PMC7223360 DOI: 10.3390/ani10040652] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2020] [Revised: 04/06/2020] [Accepted: 04/07/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Twin-bearing pregnancies of sheep reared in harsh environmental conditions result in maternal undernutrition and feto-maternal oxidative stress, leading to intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR). We assessed the efficiency of supplementation with antioxidant herbal vitamins C and E alone or in combination with concentrate throughout gestation on pregnancy outcomes, pre-weaning growth, and survival of twin lambs from grazing ewes at the Magellan Steppe. Four groups (n = 30 each) of twin-bearing ewes received a base natural prairie (P) diet, supplemented with either herbal vitamins C 500 mg and E 350 IU per day (V) or concentrated food (S); groups were: P, P + V, P + S, and P + VS. Vitamins and concentrate were supplemented until parturition. At birth, lambs were weighed, and blood was drawn for total antioxidant capacity (TAC) evaluation. Lamb body weight (BW) and survival rate were evaluated at mid-lactation (60 days) and at weaning (120 days). Vitamin supplementation resulted in increased lamb birth weight and TAC, with a trend towards higher BW at weaning, while nutritional supplementation only had a positive effect on birth weight. Lamb survival was higher in both vitamin supplemented groups. In conclusion, supplementation with herbal vitamins C and E alone or in combination with concentrate food during pregnancy may constitute a good nutritional strategy for sheep reared in harsh environmental conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Víctor H. Parraguez
- Faculty of Veterinary Sciences, University of Chile, Santiago 8820808, Chile; (O.A.P.); (E.N.); (M.D.l.R.)
- Faculty of Agricultural Sciences, University of Chile, Santiago 8820808, Chile
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +56-2-29785548
| | - Francisco Sales
- INIA-Kampenaike, Punta Arenas 6212707, Chile; (F.S.); (R.L.)
| | - Oscar A. Peralta
- Faculty of Veterinary Sciences, University of Chile, Santiago 8820808, Chile; (O.A.P.); (E.N.); (M.D.l.R.)
| | - Eileen Narbona
- Faculty of Veterinary Sciences, University of Chile, Santiago 8820808, Chile; (O.A.P.); (E.N.); (M.D.l.R.)
| | - Raúl Lira
- INIA-Kampenaike, Punta Arenas 6212707, Chile; (F.S.); (R.L.)
| | - Mónica De los Reyes
- Faculty of Veterinary Sciences, University of Chile, Santiago 8820808, Chile; (O.A.P.); (E.N.); (M.D.l.R.)
| | - Antonio González-Bulnes
- INIA-Madrid, Ciudad Universitaria s/n. 28040 Madrid, Spain;
- Facultad de Veterinaria, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Ciudad Universitaria s/n. 28040 Madrid, Spain
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23
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Visioli F, Davalos A, López de las Hazas M, Crespo MC, Tomé‐Carneiro J. An overview of the pharmacology of olive oil and its active ingredients. Br J Pharmacol 2020; 177:1316-1330. [PMID: 31270815 PMCID: PMC7056466 DOI: 10.1111/bph.14782] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2019] [Revised: 06/24/2019] [Accepted: 06/26/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
In addition to providing sensory stimuli, usually taste, smell and sight, olive oil contains a range of minor components, mostly phenolic in nature. These components are endowed with pharmacological or pharma‐nutritional properties that are the subject of active research worldwide. Based on our more than 25 years of experience in this field, we critically focus on what we believe are the most pharmacologically prominent actions of the constituents of olive oil. Most of the effects are due to the phenolic compounds in extra virgin olive oil, such as hydroxytyrosol and oleocanthal (which are often mis‐categorized as in vivo antioxidants) and concern the cardiovascular system. Other potentially beneficial activities are still to be investigated in depth. We conclude that—in the context of a proper diet that includes high‐quality products—the use of high‐quality olive oil contributes to achieving and sustaining overall health.Linked ArticlesThis article is part of a themed section on The Pharmacology of Nutraceuticals. To view the other articles in this section visit http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/bph.v177.6/issuetoc
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesco Visioli
- Laboratory of Functional FoodsInstituto Madrileño de Estudios Avanzados (IMDEA)‐Alimentación, CEI UAM+CSICMadridSpain
- Department of Molecular MedicineUniversity of PadovaPadovaItaly
| | - Alberto Davalos
- Laboratory of Epigenetics of Lipid MetabolismInstituto Madrileño de Estudios Avanzados (IMDEA)‐Alimentación, CEI UAM+CSICMadridSpain
| | - María‐Carmen López de las Hazas
- Laboratory of Epigenetics of Lipid MetabolismInstituto Madrileño de Estudios Avanzados (IMDEA)‐Alimentación, CEI UAM+CSICMadridSpain
| | - María Carmen Crespo
- Laboratory of Functional FoodsInstituto Madrileño de Estudios Avanzados (IMDEA)‐Alimentación, CEI UAM+CSICMadridSpain
| | - Joao Tomé‐Carneiro
- Laboratory of Functional FoodsInstituto Madrileño de Estudios Avanzados (IMDEA)‐Alimentación, CEI UAM+CSICMadridSpain
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24
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The impact of prenatal environment on postnatal life and performance: Future perspectives for prevention and treatment. Theriogenology 2020; 150:15-19. [PMID: 31983467 DOI: 10.1016/j.theriogenology.2020.01.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2020] [Accepted: 01/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
The present review aims to offer a non-comprehensive outline of the current state-of-the-art and future perspectives on management and therapeutic tools for intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR) and associated prenatal programming in both human and animal species. Animals are used as models for the study of phenomena related to IUGR, but also for research on prenatal therapies with the main objective of designing and developing preventive and therapeutic strategies. The research is currently paying attention on maternal-focused pharmacological treatments and nutritional strategies but also on fetal-focused treatments. Fetal-focused treatments, administered either directly at the fetus or by using infusion of umbilical cord, amniotic sac or placenta, which avoids the administration of substances at high doses to the mother for allowing their availability at the fetoplacental level. The results obtained in this area of research using large animals (rabbits, pigs and ruminants) have a dual interest, for translational biomedicine and for veterinary medicine and animal production.
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25
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Vazquez-Gomez M, Heras-Molina A, Garcia-Contreras C, Pesantez-Pacheco JL, Torres-Rovira L, Martinez-Fernandez B, Gonzalez J, Encinas T, Astiz S, Ovilo C, Isabel B, Gonzalez-Bulnes A. Polyphenols and IUGR Pregnancies: Effects of Maternal Hydroxytyrosol Supplementation on Postnatal Growth, Metabolism and Body Composition of the Offspring. Antioxidants (Basel) 2019; 8:E535. [PMID: 31717349 PMCID: PMC6912388 DOI: 10.3390/antiox8110535] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2019] [Revised: 10/28/2019] [Accepted: 11/06/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Maternal supplementation with the polyphenol hydroxytyrosol in a swine model of intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR) improves the fetal oxidative status, decreases the appearance of low birth-weight neonates and favors growth during early postnatal stages (lactation). The current study aimed to determine whether hydroxytyrosol supplementation can also improve developmental patterns, metabolic traits, and body composition of the offspring during later postnatal stages (from weaning to adulthood). A total of 21 piglets born from control untreated sows and 20 piglets born from sows treated with hydroxytyrosol during the last two-thirds of pregnancy were selected on the basis of similar body weights at weaning, for avoiding any interfering effects occurred during lactation. The pigs in the treated group had higher average daily weight gain (ADWG) and, therefore, reached higher body weight and corpulence, greater muscle development and higher adiposity than their control counterparts. The following were not found: significant effects on metabolism and body composition except changes in the muscular fatty acid composition of the treated pigs coming from the largest litters; those more affected by IUGR processes. These findings suggest that maternal supplementation with hydroxytyrosol may improve juvenile development of offspring in at-risk pregnancies and pave the way for more specific studies aiming to elucidate effects on adiposity, metabolism, and meat organoleptic characteristics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marta Vazquez-Gomez
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, UCM, Ciudad Universitaria s/n. 28040 Madrid, Spain; (M.V.-G.); (T.E.); (B.I.)
| | - Ana Heras-Molina
- SGIT-INIA, Ctra. de La Coruña Km. 7,5. 29040 Madrid, Spain; (A.H.-M.); (C.G.-C.); (J.L.P.-P.); (L.T.-R.); (S.A.); (C.O.)
| | - Consolacion Garcia-Contreras
- SGIT-INIA, Ctra. de La Coruña Km. 7,5. 29040 Madrid, Spain; (A.H.-M.); (C.G.-C.); (J.L.P.-P.); (L.T.-R.); (S.A.); (C.O.)
| | - Jose Luis Pesantez-Pacheco
- SGIT-INIA, Ctra. de La Coruña Km. 7,5. 29040 Madrid, Spain; (A.H.-M.); (C.G.-C.); (J.L.P.-P.); (L.T.-R.); (S.A.); (C.O.)
- School of Veterinary Medicine and Zootechnics, Faculty of Agricultural Sciences, University of Cuenca, Avda. Doce de Octubre, 010220 Cuenca, Ecuador
| | - Laura Torres-Rovira
- SGIT-INIA, Ctra. de La Coruña Km. 7,5. 29040 Madrid, Spain; (A.H.-M.); (C.G.-C.); (J.L.P.-P.); (L.T.-R.); (S.A.); (C.O.)
| | | | - Jorge Gonzalez
- Micros Veterinaria, Campus de Vegazana, 24007 Leon, Spain; (B.M.-F.); (J.G.)
| | - Teresa Encinas
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, UCM, Ciudad Universitaria s/n. 28040 Madrid, Spain; (M.V.-G.); (T.E.); (B.I.)
| | - Susana Astiz
- SGIT-INIA, Ctra. de La Coruña Km. 7,5. 29040 Madrid, Spain; (A.H.-M.); (C.G.-C.); (J.L.P.-P.); (L.T.-R.); (S.A.); (C.O.)
| | - Cristina Ovilo
- SGIT-INIA, Ctra. de La Coruña Km. 7,5. 29040 Madrid, Spain; (A.H.-M.); (C.G.-C.); (J.L.P.-P.); (L.T.-R.); (S.A.); (C.O.)
| | - Beatriz Isabel
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, UCM, Ciudad Universitaria s/n. 28040 Madrid, Spain; (M.V.-G.); (T.E.); (B.I.)
| | - Antonio Gonzalez-Bulnes
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, UCM, Ciudad Universitaria s/n. 28040 Madrid, Spain; (M.V.-G.); (T.E.); (B.I.)
- SGIT-INIA, Ctra. de La Coruña Km. 7,5. 29040 Madrid, Spain; (A.H.-M.); (C.G.-C.); (J.L.P.-P.); (L.T.-R.); (S.A.); (C.O.)
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26
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Lee HS. The interaction between gut microbiome and nutrients on development of human disease through epigenetic mechanisms. Genomics Inform 2019; 17:e24. [PMID: 31610620 PMCID: PMC6808642 DOI: 10.5808/gi.2019.17.3.e24] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2019] [Accepted: 09/22/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Early environmental exposure is recognized as a key factor for long-term health based on the Developmental Origins of Health and Disease hypothesis. It considers that early-life nutrition is now being recognized as a major contributor that may permanently program change of organ structure and function toward the development of diseases, in which epigenetic mechanisms are involved. Recent researches indicate early-life environmental factors modulate the microbiome development and the microbiome might be mediate diet-epigenetic interaction. This review aims to define which nutrients involve microbiome development during the critical window of susceptibility to disease, and how microbiome modulation regulates epigenetic changes and influences human health and future prevention strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ho-Sun Lee
- Forensic Toxicology Division, Daegu Institute, National Forensic Service, Chilgok 39872, Korea
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27
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Towards Understanding Non-Infectious Growth-Rate Retardation in Growing Pigs. Proteomes 2019; 7:proteomes7030031. [PMID: 31514421 PMCID: PMC6789591 DOI: 10.3390/proteomes7030031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2019] [Revised: 08/30/2019] [Accepted: 09/10/2019] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
For growth-rate retardation in commercial growing pigs suffering from non-infectious diseases, no biomarker is available for early detection and prevention of the condition or for the diagnosis of affected animals. The point in question is that the underlying pathological pathway of the condition is still unknown and multiple nutritional or management issues could be the cause of the disease. Common health status markers such as acute phase proteins, adenosine deaminase activity or total antioxidant capacity did not show any alteration in the saliva of animals with growth-rate retardation, so other pathways should be affected. The present study investigates saliva samples from animals with the same commercial crossbreed, sex and age, comparing control pigs and pigs with growth-rate retardation. A proteomics approach based on two-dimensional gel electrophoresis including mass spectrometry together with validation experiments was applied for the search of proteins that could help understand disease mechanisms and be used for early disease detection. Two proteins were detected as possible markers of growth-rate retardation, specifically S100A12 and carbonic anhydrase VI. A decrease in innate immune response was confirmed in pigs with growth-rate retardation, however further studies should be necessary to understand the role of the different CA VI proteoforms observed.
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Polyphenols and IUGR Pregnancies: Effects of Maternal Hydroxytyrosol Supplementation on Hepatic Fat Accretion and Energy and Fatty Acids Profile of Fetal Tissues. Nutrients 2019; 11:nu11071534. [PMID: 31284510 PMCID: PMC6682965 DOI: 10.3390/nu11071534] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2019] [Revised: 06/29/2019] [Accepted: 07/01/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Maternal supplementation with hydroxytyrosol, a polyphenol present in olive leaves and fruits, is a highly promising strategy to improve the oxidative and metabolic status of fetuses at risk of intrauterine growth restriction, which may diminish the appearance of low-birth-weight neonates. The present study aimed to determine whether hydroxytyrosol, by preventing lipid peroxidation, may influence the fat accretion and energy homeostasis in the liver, as well as the fatty acid composition in the liver and muscle. The results indicate that hydroxytyrosol treatment significantly decreased the energy content of the fetal liver, without affecting fat accretion, and caused significant changes in the availability of fatty acids. There were significant increases in the amount of total polyunsaturated fatty acids, omega-3 and omega-6, which are highly important for adequate fetal tissue development. However, there were increases in the omega-6/omega-3 ratio and the desaturation index, which make further studies necessary to determine possible effects on the pro/anti-inflammatory status of the fetuses.
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29
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Garcia-Contreras C, Vazquez-Gomez M, Barbero A, Pesantez JL, Zinellu A, Berlinguer F, Gonzalez-Añover P, Gonzalez J, Encinas T, Torres-Rovira L, Nuñez Y, Ballesteros J, Ayuso M, Astiz S, Isabel B, Ovilo C, Gonzalez-Bulnes A. Polyphenols and IUGR Pregnancies: Effects of Maternal Hydroxytyrosol Supplementation on Placental Gene Expression and Fetal Antioxidant Status, DNA-Methylation and Phenotype. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:ijms20051187. [PMID: 30857182 PMCID: PMC6429121 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20051187] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2019] [Revised: 02/27/2019] [Accepted: 03/05/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The use of polyphenols is a promising strategy for preventing or alleviating intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR) because polyphenol supplementation increases plasma antioxidant capacity and improves oxidative stress at the feto-placental unit; which are recognized as main issues in IUGR. However, there is a scarcity of experimental data on both realistic benefits and potential hazards of polyphenol supplementation during gestation. Hence, we aimed to use a swine model of IUGR pregnancy to determine possible effects of maternal supplementation with polyphenols (hydroxytyrosol) on placental expression of genes involved in antioxidant homeostasis, vascularization and fetal growth and thus on antioxidant status, DNA-methylation and phenotypic traits (morphology and homeostasis) of the fetus. Hydroxytyrosol improves placental gene expression and fetal antioxidant status and glucose metabolism in a sex-dependent manner, in which males were favored in spite of developmental failures. Concomitantly, hydroxytyrosol prevented hypomethylation of DNA associated with oxidative stress. Finally, no major deleterious effects of hydroxytyrosol supplementation on constriction of the ductus arteriosus, a possible secondary effect of polyphenols during pregnancy, were found.
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Affiliation(s)
- Consolación Garcia-Contreras
- Instituto Nacional de Investigación y Tecnología Agraria y Alimentaria (INIA), Ctra. de La Coruña Km. 7,5, 28040 Madrid, Spain.
| | - Marta Vazquez-Gomez
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Universidad Complutense de Madrid (UCM), Ciudad Universitaria s/n, 28040 Madrid, Spain.
| | - Alicia Barbero
- Diagnostic Imaging Service, Universidad Alfonso X El Sabio, 28691 Madrid, Spain.
| | - José Luis Pesantez
- Instituto Nacional de Investigación y Tecnología Agraria y Alimentaria (INIA), Ctra. de La Coruña Km. 7,5, 28040 Madrid, Spain.
- School of Veterinary Medicine and Zootechnics, Faculty of Agricultural Sciences, University of Cuenca, Avda. Doce de Octubre, 010220 Cuenca, Ecuador.
| | - Angelo Zinellu
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Sassari, Viale San Pietro 43/B, 07100 Sassari, Italy.
| | - Fiammetta Berlinguer
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, University of Sassari, Via Vienna 2, 07100 Sassari, Italy.
| | - Pedro Gonzalez-Añover
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Universidad Complutense de Madrid (UCM), Ciudad Universitaria s/n, 28040 Madrid, Spain.
| | - Jorge Gonzalez
- Micros Veterinaria, Campus de Vegazana, 24007 Leon, Spain.
| | - Teresa Encinas
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Universidad Complutense de Madrid (UCM), Ciudad Universitaria s/n, 28040 Madrid, Spain.
| | - Laura Torres-Rovira
- Instituto Nacional de Investigación y Tecnología Agraria y Alimentaria (INIA), Ctra. de La Coruña Km. 7,5, 28040 Madrid, Spain.
| | - Yolanda Nuñez
- Instituto Nacional de Investigación y Tecnología Agraria y Alimentaria (INIA), Ctra. de La Coruña Km. 7,5, 28040 Madrid, Spain.
| | - Jaime Ballesteros
- Instituto Nacional de Investigación y Tecnología Agraria y Alimentaria (INIA), Ctra. de La Coruña Km. 7,5, 28040 Madrid, Spain.
| | - Miriam Ayuso
- Laboratory of Applied Veterinary Morphology, Department of Veterinary Sciences, Faculty of Biomedical, Pharmaceutical and Veterinary Sciences, University of Antwerp, 2610 Wilrijk, Belgium.
| | - Susana Astiz
- Instituto Nacional de Investigación y Tecnología Agraria y Alimentaria (INIA), Ctra. de La Coruña Km. 7,5, 28040 Madrid, Spain.
| | - Beatriz Isabel
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Universidad Complutense de Madrid (UCM), Ciudad Universitaria s/n, 28040 Madrid, Spain.
| | - Cristina Ovilo
- Instituto Nacional de Investigación y Tecnología Agraria y Alimentaria (INIA), Ctra. de La Coruña Km. 7,5, 28040 Madrid, Spain.
| | - Antonio Gonzalez-Bulnes
- Instituto Nacional de Investigación y Tecnología Agraria y Alimentaria (INIA), Ctra. de La Coruña Km. 7,5, 28040 Madrid, Spain.
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Universidad Complutense de Madrid (UCM), Ciudad Universitaria s/n, 28040 Madrid, Spain.
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Lewicki S, Skopińska-Różewska E, Lewicka A, Zdanowski R. Long-term supplementation of Rhodiola kirilowii extracts during pregnancy and lactation does not affect mother health status. J Matern Fetal Neonatal Med 2017; 32:838-844. [DOI: 10.1080/14767058.2017.1393069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sławomir Lewicki
- Department of Regenerative Medicine and Cell Biology, Military Institute of Hygiene and Epidemiology, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Ewa Skopińska-Różewska
- Department of Regenerative Medicine and Cell Biology, Military Institute of Hygiene and Epidemiology, Warsaw, Poland
- Pathomorphology Department, Center for Biostructure Research, Warsaw Medical University, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Aneta Lewicka
- Independent Laboratory of Epidemiology, Military Institute of Hygiene and Epidemiology, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Robert Zdanowski
- Department of Regenerative Medicine and Cell Biology, Military Institute of Hygiene and Epidemiology, Warsaw, Poland
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