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Pimentel VD, Acha BT, Gomes GF, Macedo de Sousa Cardoso JL, Sena da Costa CL, Carvalho Batista NJ, Rufino Arcanjo DD, Alves WDS, de Assis Oliveira F. Anti-inflammatory effect of Anadenanthera colubrina var. cebil (Griseb.) Altschul in experimental elastase-induced pulmonary emphysema in rats. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2024; 332:118216. [PMID: 38642622 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2024.118216] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2024] [Revised: 04/04/2024] [Accepted: 04/16/2024] [Indexed: 04/22/2024]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Medicinal plants have shown promise in the search for new treatments of pulmonary emphysema. Anadenanthera colubrina, a species native to the Caatinga biome in northeastern Brazil, is widely recognized and traditionally employed in the treatment of pulmonary diseases. Many studies corroborate popular knowledge about the medicinal applications of A. colubrina, which has demonstrated a remarkable variety of pharmacological properties, however, its anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties are highlighted. AIM OF THE STUDY The objective of this study was to investigate the anti-inflammatory potential of the crude hydroethanolic extract of A. colubrina var. cebil (Griseb.) Altschul on pulmonary emphysema in rats as well as to determine its potential genotoxic and cytotoxic effects using the micronucleus assay. MATERIALS AND METHODS The stem bark of the plant was collected in Pimenteiras-PI and sample was extracted by maceration using 70% ethanol. A portion of the extract underwent phytochemical analyses using TLC and HPLC. In this study, 8-week-old, male Wistar rats weighing approximately ±200 g was utilized following approval by local ethics committee for animal experimentation (No. 718/2022). Pulmonary emphysema was induced through orotracheal instillation of elastase, and treatment with A. colubrina extract or dexamethasone (positive control) concomitantly during induction. Twenty-eight days after the initiation of the protocol, plasma was used for cytokine measurement. Bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) was used for leukocyte count. After euthanasia, lung samples were processed for histological analysis and quantification of oxidative stress markers. The micronucleus test was performed by evaluating the number of polychromatic erythrocytes (PCE) with micronuclei (MNPCE) to verify potential genotoxic effects of A. colubrina. A differential count of PCE and normochromatic erythrocytes (NCE) was performed to verify the potential cytotoxicity of the extract. Parametric data were subjected to normality analysis and subsequently to analysis of variance and Tukey or Dunnett post-test, non-parametric data were treated using the Kruskal-Wallis test with Dunn's post-test for unpaired samples. P value < 0.05 were considered significant. RESULTS The A. colubrina extract did not show a significant increase in the number of MNPCE (p > 0.05), demonstrating low genotoxicity. No changes were observed in the PCE/NCE ratio of treated animals, compared with the vehicle, suggesting low cytotoxic potential of the extract. A significant reduction (p < 0.05) in neutrophilic inflammation was observed in the lungs of rats treated with the extract, evidenced by presence of these cells in both the tissue and BAL. The extract also demonstrated pulmonary antioxidant activity, with a significant decrease (p < 0.05) in myeloperoxidase, malondialdehyde, and nitrite levels. TNFα, IL-1β, and IL-6 levels, as well as alveolar damage, were significantly reduced in animals treated with A. colubrina extract. Phytochemical analyses identified the presence of phenolic compounds and hydrolysable tannins in the A. colubrina extract. CONCLUSIONS The findings of this study highlights the safety of the hydroethanolic extract of Anadenanthera colubrina, and demonstrates its potential as a therapeutic approach in the treatment of emphysema. The observed properties of this medicinal plant provide an optimistic outlook in the development of therapies for the treatment of pulmonary emphysema.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vinicius Duarte Pimentel
- Laboratory of Inflammation Pharmacology (LAFIN), Medicinal Plants Research Center, Federal University of Piauí, Teresina, Piauí, Brazil.
| | - Boris Timah Acha
- Laboratory of Functional and Molecular Studies in Physiopharmacology (LAFMOL), Department of Biophysics and Physiology, Federal University of Piauí, Teresina, Piauí, Brazil
| | - Gabriel Felicio Gomes
- Laboratory of Inflammation Pharmacology (LAFIN), Medicinal Plants Research Center, Federal University of Piauí, Teresina, Piauí, Brazil
| | - João Luiz Macedo de Sousa Cardoso
- Laboratory of Inflammation Pharmacology (LAFIN), Medicinal Plants Research Center, Federal University of Piauí, Teresina, Piauí, Brazil
| | - Charllyton Luis Sena da Costa
- Laboratory of Inflammation Pharmacology (LAFIN), Medicinal Plants Research Center, Federal University of Piauí, Teresina, Piauí, Brazil
| | - Nelson Jorge Carvalho Batista
- Laboratory of Inflammation Pharmacology (LAFIN), Medicinal Plants Research Center, Federal University of Piauí, Teresina, Piauí, Brazil
| | - Daniel Dias Rufino Arcanjo
- Laboratory of Functional and Molecular Studies in Physiopharmacology (LAFMOL), Department of Biophysics and Physiology, Federal University of Piauí, Teresina, Piauí, Brazil
| | - Wellington Dos Santos Alves
- Laboratory of Natural Products and Bioprospection (LabPNBio), State University of Piauí, Teresina, Piauí, Brazil
| | - Francisco de Assis Oliveira
- Laboratory of Inflammation Pharmacology (LAFIN), Medicinal Plants Research Center, Federal University of Piauí, Teresina, Piauí, Brazil
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Chakraborty A, Kim A, AlAbdullatif S, Campbell JD, Alekseyev YO, Kaplan U, Dambal V, Ligresti G, Trojanowska M. Endothelial Erg Regulates Expression of Pulmonary Lymphatic Junctional and Inflammation Genes in Mouse Lungs Impacting Lymphatic Transport. RESEARCH SQUARE 2024:rs.3.rs-3808970. [PMID: 38343832 PMCID: PMC10854286 DOI: 10.21203/rs.3.rs-3808970/v1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/22/2024]
Abstract
The ETS transcription factor ERG is a master regulator of endothelial gene specificity and highly enriched in the capillary, vein, and arterial endothelial cells. ERG expression is critical for endothelial barrier function, permeability, and vascular inflammation. A dysfunctional vascular endothelial ERG has been shown to impair lung capillary homeostasis, contributing to pulmonary fibrosis as previously observed in IPF lungs. Our preliminary observations indicate that lymphatic endothelial cells (LEC) in the human IPF lung also lack ERG. To understand the role of ERG in pulmonary LECs, we developed LEC-specific inducible Erg-CKO and Erg-GFP-CKO conditional knockout (CKO) mice under Prox1 promoter. Whole lung microarray analysis, flow cytometry, and qPCR confirmed an inflammatory and pro-lymphvasculogenic predisposition in Erg-CKO lung. FITC-Dextran tracing analysis showed an increased pulmonary interstitial lymphatic fluid transport from the lung to the axial lymph node. Single-cell transcriptomics confirmed that genes associated with cell junction integrity were downregulated in Erg-CKO pre-collector and collector LECs. Integrating Single-cell transcriptomics and CellChatDB helped identify LEC specific communication pathways contributing to pulmonary inflammation, trans-endothelial migration, inflammation, and Endo-MT in Erg-CKO lung. Our findings suggest that downregulation of lymphatic Erg crucially affects LEC function, LEC permeability, pulmonary LEC communication pathways and lymphatic transcriptomics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adri Chakraborty
- Arthritis & Autoimmune Diseases Research Centre, Department of Medicine, Boston University Chobanian & Avedisian School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Alex Kim
- Arthritis & Autoimmune Diseases Research Centre, Department of Medicine, Boston University Chobanian & Avedisian School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Salam AlAbdullatif
- Division of Computational Biomedicine, Department of Medicine, Boston University Chobanian & Avedisian School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Joshua D Campbell
- Division of Computational Biomedicine, Department of Medicine, Boston University Chobanian & Avedisian School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Yuriy O Alekseyev
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Boston University Chobanian & Avedisian School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Ulas Kaplan
- Arthritis & Autoimmune Diseases Research Centre, Department of Medicine, Boston University Chobanian & Avedisian School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Vrinda Dambal
- Arthritis & Autoimmune Diseases Research Centre, Department of Medicine, Boston University Chobanian & Avedisian School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Giovanni Ligresti
- Arthritis & Autoimmune Diseases Research Centre, Department of Medicine, Boston University Chobanian & Avedisian School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Maria Trojanowska
- Arthritis & Autoimmune Diseases Research Centre, Department of Medicine, Boston University Chobanian & Avedisian School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA
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3
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Yi L, Feng Y, Chen D, Jin Y, Zhang S. Association between Galectin-13 Expression and Eosinophilic Airway Inflammation in Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease. COPD 2023; 20:101-108. [PMID: 36656660 DOI: 10.1080/15412555.2022.2162377] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and asthma are chronic inflammatory diseases of the airways. Galectin-13 has recently been forwarded as a biomarker for airway eosinophilic inflammation in asthma. However, the association between galectin-13 and COPD remains unknown. To examine the changes in galectin-13 expression in acute exacerbations of COPD (AECOPD) and the stable phase of COPD and unveil the association between galectin-13 expression and eosinophilic inflammation in COPD, we measured plasma galectin-13 expression in different phases of COPD patients (n = 60, 44 AECOPD patients, and 16 stable COPD patients) and healthy controls (n = 15). Plasma levels of galectin-13 in 60 COPD patients were further analyzed and compared to systemic inflammation, airway eosinophilic inflammation, and lung function. The plasma galectin-13 level was markedly increased in subjects with AECOPD compared to stable COPD patients and healthy controls. Plasma galectin-13 levels in COPD subjects were positively correlated with serum CRP (rs = 0.46, p = 0.0003), peripheral blood eosinophilia count (rs = 0.57, p<0.0001), and FeNO (rs = 0.46, p = 0.0002). In addition, the level of galectin-13 was negatively correlated with FEV1 (rs = -0.43, p = 0.0001), FEV1 pred (%) (rs = -0.544, p<0.0001), as well as FEV1/FVC (rs = -0.46, p<0.0001). Multiple linear regression analysis suggested that plasma galectin-13 levels were affected by FEV1 pred (%), peripheral blood eosinophilia count, and FeNO. We concluded that galectin-13 levels were increased in COPD patients, and elevated galectin-13 expressions related to airway eosinophilic inflammation. Galectin-13 may facilitate the identification of COPD endotypes and may become a potential therapeutic target.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lingling Yi
- Division of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.,Key Laboratory of Respiratory Diseases, National Health Commission of People's Republic of China, Wuhan, China
| | - Yuchen Feng
- Division of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.,Key Laboratory of Respiratory Diseases, National Health Commission of People's Republic of China, Wuhan, China
| | - Dian Chen
- Division of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.,Key Laboratory of Respiratory Diseases, National Health Commission of People's Republic of China, Wuhan, China
| | - Yanling Jin
- Division of Neurology, Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Shuchen Zhang
- Department of Allergy, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
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Yeung ST, Premeaux TA, Du L, Niki T, Pillai SK, Khanna KM, Ndhlovu LC. Galectin-9 protects humanized-ACE2 immunocompetent mice from SARS-CoV-2 infection. Front Immunol 2022; 13:1011185. [PMID: 36325323 PMCID: PMC9621319 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.1011185] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2022] [Accepted: 09/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
SARS-CoV-2 remains a global health crisis even with effective vaccines and the availability of FDA approved therapies. Efforts to understand the complex disease pathology and develop effective strategies to limit mortality and morbidity are needed. Recent studies reveal circulating Galectin-9 (gal-9), a soluble beta-galactoside binding lectin with immunoregulatory properties, are elevated in SARS-CoV-2 infected individuals with moderate to severe disease. Moreover, in silico studies demonstrate gal-9 can potentially competitively bind the ACE2 receptor on susceptible host cells. Here, we determined whether early introduction of exogenous gal-9 following SARS-CoV-2 infection in humanized ACE2 transgenic mice (K18-hACE2) may reduce disease severity. Mice were infected and treated with a single dose of a human recombinant form of gal-9 (rh-gal-9) and monitored for morbidity. Subgroups of mice were humanely euthanized at 2- and 5- days post infection (dpi) for viral levels by plaque assay, immune changes measures by flow cytometry, and soluble mediators by protein analysis from lung tissue and bronchoalveolar Lavage fluid (BALF). Mice treated with rh-gal-9 during acute infection had improved survival compared to PBS treated controls. At 5 dpi, rh-gal-9 treated mice had enhanced viral clearance in the BALF, but not in the lung parenchyma. Increased T and dendritic cells and decreased neutrophil frequencies in the lung at 5 dpi were observed, whereas BALF had elevated levels of type-I interferons and proinflammatory cytokines. These results suggest a role for rh-gal-9 in limiting acute COVID-19. Further studies are required to determine the optimal design of gal-9 treatment to effectively ameliorate COVID-19 disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephen T. Yeung
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, United States
| | - Thomas A. Premeaux
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, United States
| | - Li Du
- Vitalant Research Institute, San Francisco, CA, United States
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, United States
| | - Toshiro Niki
- Departments of Immunology and Immunopathology, Kagawa University, Kagawa, Japan
| | - Satish K. Pillai
- Vitalant Research Institute, San Francisco, CA, United States
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, United States
| | - Kamal M. Khanna
- Department of Microbiology, New York University, New York, NY, United States
- *Correspondence: Lishomwa C. Ndhlovu, ; Kamal M. Khanna,
| | - Lishomwa C. Ndhlovu
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, United States
- *Correspondence: Lishomwa C. Ndhlovu, ; Kamal M. Khanna,
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Arora P, Athari SS, Nainwal LM. Piperine attenuates production of inflammatory biomarkers, oxidative stress and neutrophils in lungs of cigarette smoke-exposed experimental mice. FOOD BIOSCI 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fbio.2022.101909] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
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6
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Brajer-Luftmann B, Kaczmarek M, Nowicka A, Stelmach-Mardas M, Wyrzykiewicz M, Yasar S, Piorunek T, Sikora J, Batura-Gabryel H. Regulatory T cells, damage-associated molecular patterns, and myeloid-derived suppressor cells in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid interlinked with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease severity: An observational study. Medicine (Baltimore) 2022; 101:e29208. [PMID: 35687771 PMCID: PMC9276103 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000029208] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2022] [Accepted: 05/17/2022] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
The role of regulatory T cells (Tregs), damage-associated molecular patterns (DAMPs), and myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs) in the mechanism of innate and adaptive immune responses in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is not well understood.Evaluating the presence of Tregs in the bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) and peripheral blood in patients with COPD, and assessment of the relationship between Tregs, MDSCs, and DAMPs as factors activating innate and adaptive immune responses. Description of the association between immune and clinical parameters in COPD.Thirty-one patients with COPD were enrolled. Clinical parameters (forced expiratory volume in one second [FEV1], forced vital capacity, total lung capacity [TLC], diffusion capacity of carbon monoxide, and B-BMI, O-obstruction, D-dyspnea, E-exercise [BODE]) were assessed. Tregs and MDSCs were investigated in the BALF and blood using monoclonal antibodies directly conjugated with fluorochromes in flow cytometry. The levels of defensin (DEF2), galectin-1 (Gal-1), galectin-3 (Gal-3), galectin-9 (Gal-9), heat shock protein-27 (HSP27), and surfactant protein A were assessed via sandwich enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay.The percentage of Tregs was significantly higher in the blood than in the BALF, in contrast to the mean fluorescence intensity of forkhead box P3 (FoxP3). Significant associations were observed between Tregs and HSP27 (r = 0.39), Gal-1 (r = 0.55), Gal-9 (r = -0.46), and MDSCs (r = -0.50), and between FoxP3 and Gal-1 (r = -0.42), Gal-3 (r = -0.39), and MDSCs (r = -0.43). Tregs and clinical parameters, including FEV1%pred (r = 0.39), residual volume (RV)%pred (r = -0.56), TLC%pred (r = -0.55), RV/TLC (r = -0.50), arterial oxygen saturation (r = -0.38), and arterial oxygen pressure (r = -0.39) were significantly correlated. FoxP3 was significantly interlinked with RV/TLC (r = -0.52), arterial oxygen pressure (r = 0.42), and BODE index (r = -0.57).The interaction between innate and adaptive immune responses in patients with COPD was confirmed. The expression of Tregs in BALF may have prognostic value in patients with COPD. The conversion of immune responses to clinical parameters appears to be associated with disease severity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Beata Brajer-Luftmann
- Department of Pulmonology, Allergology and Pulmonary Oncology, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Szamarzewskiego 84 Street, Poznan, Poland
| | - Mariusz Kaczmarek
- Department of Cancer Immunology, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Garbary 15 Street, Poznan, Poland
- Gene Therapy Laboratory, Department of Cancer Diagnostics and Immunology, Greater Poland Cancer Centre, Garbary 15 Street, Poznan, Poland
| | - Agata Nowicka
- Department of Pulmonology, Allergology and Pulmonary Oncology, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Szamarzewskiego 84 Street, Poznan, Poland
| | - Marta Stelmach-Mardas
- Department of Treatment of Obesity, Metabolic Disorders and Clinical Dietetics, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Szamarzewskiego 84 Street, Poznan, Poland
| | - Magdalena Wyrzykiewicz
- Department of Clinical Immunology, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Rokietnicka 5D Street, Poznan, Poland
| | - Senan Yasar
- The Christ Hospital Heart and Vascular Center, The Carl and Edyth Lindner Center for Research and Education, Cincinnati, OH
| | - Tomasz Piorunek
- Department of Pulmonology, Allergology and Pulmonary Oncology, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Szamarzewskiego 84 Street, Poznan, Poland
| | - Jan Sikora
- Department of Clinical Immunology, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Rokietnicka 5D Street, Poznan, Poland
| | - Halina Batura-Gabryel
- Department of Pulmonology, Allergology and Pulmonary Oncology, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Szamarzewskiego 84 Street, Poznan, Poland
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Iqbal AJ, Krautter F, Blacksell IA, Wright RD, Austin-Williams SN, Voisin MB, Hussain MT, Law HL, Niki T, Hirashima M, Bombardieri M, Pitzalis C, Tiwari A, Nash GB, Norling LV, Cooper D. Galectin-9 mediates neutrophil capture and adhesion in a CD44 and β2 integrin-dependent manner. FASEB J 2021; 36:e22065. [PMID: 34847625 DOI: 10.1096/fj.202100832r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2021] [Revised: 10/29/2021] [Accepted: 11/10/2021] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
Neutrophil trafficking is a key component of the inflammatory response. Here, we have investigated the role of the immunomodulatory lectin Galectin-9 (Gal-9) on neutrophil recruitment. Our data indicate that Gal-9 is upregulated in the inflamed vasculature of RA synovial biopsies and report the release of Gal-9 into the extracellular environment following endothelial cell activation. siRNA knockdown of endothelial Gal-9 resulted in reduced neutrophil adhesion and neutrophil recruitment was significantly reduced in Gal-9 knockout mice in a model of zymosan-induced peritonitis. We also provide evidence for Gal-9 binding sites on human neutrophils; Gal-9 binding induced neutrophil activation (increased expression of β2 integrins and reduced expression of CD62L). Intra-vital microscopy confirmed a pro-recruitment role for Gal-9, with increased numbers of transmigrated neutrophils following Gal-9 administration. We studied the role of both soluble and immobilized Gal-9 on human neutrophil recruitment. Soluble Gal-9 significantly strengthened the interaction between neutrophils and the endothelium and inhibited neutrophil crawling on ICAM-1. When immobilized, Gal-9 functioned as an adhesion molecule and captured neutrophils from the flow. Neutrophils adherent to Gal-9 exhibited a spread/activated phenotype that was inhibited by CD18 and CD44 neutralizing antibodies, suggesting a role for these molecules in the pro-adhesive effects of Gal-9. Our data indicate that Gal-9 is expressed and released by the activated endothelium and functions both in soluble form and when immobilized as a neutrophil adhesion molecule. This study paves the way for further investigation of the role of Gal-9 in leukocyte recruitment in different inflammatory settings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Asif J Iqbal
- Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences (ICVS), College of Medical and Dental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
| | - Franziska Krautter
- Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences (ICVS), College of Medical and Dental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
| | - Isobel A Blacksell
- The William Harvey Research Institute, Barts and The London School of Medicine, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK
| | - Rachael D Wright
- The William Harvey Research Institute, Barts and The London School of Medicine, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK
| | - Shani N Austin-Williams
- The William Harvey Research Institute, Barts and The London School of Medicine, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK
| | - Mathieu-Benoit Voisin
- The William Harvey Research Institute, Barts and The London School of Medicine, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK
| | - Mohammed T Hussain
- Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences (ICVS), College of Medical and Dental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
| | - Hannah L Law
- The William Harvey Research Institute, Barts and The London School of Medicine, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK
| | - Toshiro Niki
- Research Division, GalPharma Company, Ltd., Kagawa, Japan
| | - Mitsuomi Hirashima
- Department of Immunology and Immunopathology, Faculty of Medicine, Kagawa University, Kagawa, Japan
| | - Michele Bombardieri
- The William Harvey Research Institute, Barts and The London School of Medicine, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK
| | - Costantino Pitzalis
- The William Harvey Research Institute, Barts and The London School of Medicine, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK
| | - Alok Tiwari
- Department of Vascular Surgery, University Hospitals Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
| | - Gerard B Nash
- Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences (ICVS), College of Medical and Dental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
| | - Lucy V Norling
- The William Harvey Research Institute, Barts and The London School of Medicine, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK
| | - Dianne Cooper
- The William Harvey Research Institute, Barts and The London School of Medicine, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK
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8
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Dunsmore G, Rosero EP, Shahbaz S, Santer DM, Jovel J, Lacy P, Houston S, Elahi S. Neutrophils promote T-cell activation through the regulated release of CD44-bound Galectin-9 from the cell surface during HIV infection. PLoS Biol 2021; 19:e3001387. [PMID: 34411088 PMCID: PMC8407585 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pbio.3001387] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2021] [Revised: 08/31/2021] [Accepted: 08/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The interaction of neutrophils with T cells has been the subject of debate and controversies. Previous studies have suggested that neutrophils may suppress or activate T cells. Despite these studies, the interaction between neutrophils and T cells has remained a largely unexplored field. Here, based on our RNA sequencing (RNA-seq) analysis, we found that neutrophils have differential transcriptional and functional profiling depending on the CD4 T-cell count of the HIV-infected individual. In particular, we identified that neutrophils in healthy individuals express surface Galectin-9 (Gal-9), which is down-regulated upon activation, and is consistently down-regulated in HIV-infected individuals. However, down-regulation of Gal-9 was associated with CD4 T-cell count of patients. Unstimulated neutrophils express high levels of surface Gal-9 that is bound to CD44, and, upon stimulation, neutrophils depalmitoylate CD44 and induce its movement out of the lipid raft. This process causes the release of Gal-9 from the surface of neutrophils. In addition, we found that neutrophil-derived exogenous Gal-9 binds to cell surface CD44 on T cells, which promotes LCK activation and subsequently enhances T-cell activation. Furthermore, this process was regulated by glycolysis and can be inhibited by interleukin (IL)-10. Together, our data reveal a novel mechanism of Gal-9 shedding from the surface of neutrophils. This could explain elevated plasma Gal-9 levels in HIV-infected individuals as an underlying mechanism of the well-characterized chronic immune activation in HIV infection. This study provides a novel role for the Gal-9 shedding from neutrophils. We anticipate that our results will spark renewed investigation into the role of neutrophils in T-cell activation in other acute and chronic conditions, as well as improved strategies for modulating Gal-9 shedding. This study shows that HIV-infected individuals have different neutrophil profiles depending on their CD4 T cell count. In particular, neutrophils express high levels of surface Gal-9 but this is shed upon stimulation; this exogenous Gal-9 binds to CD44 on T cells, which promotes LCK activation and subsequently enhances T cell activation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Garett Dunsmore
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada
| | - Eliana Perez Rosero
- School of Dentistry, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada
| | - Shima Shahbaz
- School of Dentistry, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada
| | - Deanna M. Santer
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada
- Li Ka Shing Institute of Virology, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada
| | - Juan Jovel
- School of Dentistry, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada
| | - Paige Lacy
- Department of Medicine, Division of Pulmonary Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada
| | - Stan Houston
- Department of Medicine, Division of Infectious Disease, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada
| | - Shokrollah Elahi
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada
- School of Dentistry, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada
- Li Ka Shing Institute of Virology, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada
- Department of Oncology, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada
- * E-mail:
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9
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Szalontai K, Gémes N, Furák J, Varga T, Neuperger P, Balog JÁ, Puskás LG, Szebeni GJ. Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease: Epidemiology, Biomarkers, and Paving the Way to Lung Cancer. J Clin Med 2021; 10:jcm10132889. [PMID: 34209651 PMCID: PMC8268950 DOI: 10.3390/jcm10132889] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2021] [Revised: 06/24/2021] [Accepted: 06/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), the frequently fatal pathology of the respiratory tract, accounts for half a billion cases globally. COPD manifests via chronic inflammatory response to irritants, frequently to tobacco smoke. The progression of COPD from early onset to advanced disease leads to the loss of the alveolar wall, pulmonary hypertension, and fibrosis of the respiratory epithelium. Here, we focus on the epidemiology, progression, and biomarkers of COPD with a particular connection to lung cancer. Dissecting the cellular and molecular players in the progression of the disease, we aim to shed light on the role of smoking, which is responsible for the disease, or at least for the more severe symptoms and worse patient outcomes. We summarize the inflammatory conditions, as well as the role of EMT and fibroblasts in establishing a cancer-prone microenvironment, i.e., the soil for ‘COPD-derived’ lung cancer. We highlight that the major health problem of COPD can be alleviated via smoking cessation, early diagnosis, and abandonment of the usage of biomass fuels on a global basis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Klára Szalontai
- Csongrád County Hospital of Chest Diseases, Alkotmány u. 36., H6772 Deszk, Hungary;
| | - Nikolett Gémes
- Laboratory of Functional Genomics, Biological Research Centre, Temesvári krt. 62., H6726 Szeged, Hungary; (N.G.); (T.V.); (P.N.); (J.Á.B.); (L.G.P.)
- PhD School in Biology, University of Szeged, H6726 Szeged, Hungary
| | - József Furák
- Department of Surgery, University of Szeged, Semmelweis u. 8., H6725 Szeged, Hungary;
| | - Tünde Varga
- Laboratory of Functional Genomics, Biological Research Centre, Temesvári krt. 62., H6726 Szeged, Hungary; (N.G.); (T.V.); (P.N.); (J.Á.B.); (L.G.P.)
| | - Patrícia Neuperger
- Laboratory of Functional Genomics, Biological Research Centre, Temesvári krt. 62., H6726 Szeged, Hungary; (N.G.); (T.V.); (P.N.); (J.Á.B.); (L.G.P.)
- PhD School in Biology, University of Szeged, H6726 Szeged, Hungary
| | - József Á. Balog
- Laboratory of Functional Genomics, Biological Research Centre, Temesvári krt. 62., H6726 Szeged, Hungary; (N.G.); (T.V.); (P.N.); (J.Á.B.); (L.G.P.)
- PhD School in Biology, University of Szeged, H6726 Szeged, Hungary
| | - László G. Puskás
- Laboratory of Functional Genomics, Biological Research Centre, Temesvári krt. 62., H6726 Szeged, Hungary; (N.G.); (T.V.); (P.N.); (J.Á.B.); (L.G.P.)
- Avicor Ltd. Alsó Kikötő sor 11/D, H6726 Szeged, Hungary
| | - Gábor J. Szebeni
- Laboratory of Functional Genomics, Biological Research Centre, Temesvári krt. 62., H6726 Szeged, Hungary; (N.G.); (T.V.); (P.N.); (J.Á.B.); (L.G.P.)
- Department of Physiology, Anatomy and Neuroscience, Faculty of Science and Informatics, University of Szeged, Közép fasor 52, H6726 Szeged, Hungary
- CS-Smartlab Devices Ltd., Ady E. u. 14., H7761 Kozármisleny, Hungary
- Correspondence:
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10
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Tavares LP, Peh HY, Tan WSD, Pahima H, Maffia P, Tiligada E, Levi-Schaffer F. Granulocyte-targeted therapies for airway diseases. Pharmacol Res 2020; 157:104881. [PMID: 32380052 PMCID: PMC7198161 DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2020.104881] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2020] [Accepted: 04/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
The average respiration rate for an adult is 12-20 breaths per minute, which constantly exposes the lungs to allergens and harmful particles. As a result, respiratory diseases, which includes asthma, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and acute lower respiratory tract infections (LTRI), are a major cause of death worldwide. Although asthma, COPD and LTRI are distinctly different diseases with separate mechanisms of disease progression, they do share a common feature - airway inflammation with intense recruitment and activation of granulocytes and mast cells. Neutrophils, eosinophils, basophils, and mast cells are crucial players in host defense against pathogens and maintenance of lung homeostasis. Upon contact with harmful particles, part of the pulmonary defense mechanism is to recruit these cells into the airways. Despite their protective nature, overactivation or accumulation of granulocytes and mast cells in the lungs results in unwanted chronic airway inflammation and damage. As such, understanding the bright and the dark side of these leukocytes in lung physiology paves the way for the development of therapies targeting this important mechanism of disease. Here we discuss the role of granulocytes in respiratory diseases and summarize therapeutic strategies focused on granulocyte recruitment and activation in the lungs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luciana P Tavares
- ImmuPhar - Immunopharmacology Section Committee of International Union of Basic and Clinical Pharmacology (IUPHAR); Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine Division, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Hong Yong Peh
- ImmuPhar - Immunopharmacology Section Committee of International Union of Basic and Clinical Pharmacology (IUPHAR); Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine Division, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA; Department of Pharmacology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University Health System, 16 Medical Drive, 117600, Singapore
| | - Wan Shun Daniel Tan
- ImmuPhar - Immunopharmacology Section Committee of International Union of Basic and Clinical Pharmacology (IUPHAR); Department of Pharmacology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University Health System, 16 Medical Drive, 117600, Singapore
| | - Hadas Pahima
- ImmuPhar - Immunopharmacology Section Committee of International Union of Basic and Clinical Pharmacology (IUPHAR); Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics Unit, School of Pharmacy, Institute for Drug Research, Faculty of Medicine, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Pasquale Maffia
- ImmuPhar - Immunopharmacology Section Committee of International Union of Basic and Clinical Pharmacology (IUPHAR); Institute of Infection, Immunity and Inflammation, College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom; Institute of Cardiovascular and Medical Sciences, College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom; Department of Pharmacy, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - Ekaterini Tiligada
- ImmuPhar - Immunopharmacology Section Committee of International Union of Basic and Clinical Pharmacology (IUPHAR); Department of Pharmacology, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Francesca Levi-Schaffer
- ImmuPhar - Immunopharmacology Section Committee of International Union of Basic and Clinical Pharmacology (IUPHAR); Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics Unit, School of Pharmacy, Institute for Drug Research, Faculty of Medicine, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, Israel.
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11
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van den Berg DF, Te Velde AA. Severe COVID-19: NLRP3 Inflammasome Dysregulated. Front Immunol 2020; 11:1580. [PMID: 32670297 PMCID: PMC7332883 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2020.01580] [Citation(s) in RCA: 160] [Impact Index Per Article: 40.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2020] [Accepted: 06/15/2020] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
SARS-CoV-2 might directly activate NLRP3 inflammasome resulting in an endogenous adjuvant activity necessary to mount a proper adaptive immune response against the virus. Heterogeneous response of COVID-19 patients could be attributed to differences in not being able to properly downregulate NLRP3 inflammasome activation. This relates to the fitness of the immune system of the individual challenged by the virus. Patients with a reduced immune fitness can demonstrate a dysregulated NLRP3 inflammasome activity resulting in severe COVID-19 with tissue damage and a cytokine storm. We sketch the outlines of five possible scenarios for COVID-19 in medical practice and provide potential treatment options targeting dysregulated endogenous adjuvant activity in severe COVID-19 patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daan F van den Berg
- Amsterdam UMC, Academic Medical Center, Tytgat Institute for Liver and Intestinal Research, Amsterdam Gastroenterology, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Anje A Te Velde
- Amsterdam UMC, Academic Medical Center, Tytgat Institute for Liver and Intestinal Research, Amsterdam Gastroenterology, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Amsterdam, Netherlands
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12
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LJ-529, a partial peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma (PPARγ) agonist and adenosine A 3 receptor agonist, ameliorates elastase-induced pulmonary emphysema in mice. Arch Pharm Res 2020; 43:540-552. [PMID: 32430718 DOI: 10.1007/s12272-020-01235-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2019] [Accepted: 05/13/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is the leading cause of human death worldwide. Currently available therapies for COPD mainly relieve symptoms and preserve lung function, suggesting the need to develop novel therapeutic or preventive regimens. Because chronic inflammation is a mechanism of emphysematous lesion formation and because adenosine A3 receptor signaling and peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma (PPARγ) regulate inflammation, we investigated the effect of LJ-529, a selective adenosine A3 receptor agonist and partial PPARγ agonist, on inflammation in vitro and elastase-induced pulmonary emphysema in vivo. LJ-529 markedly ameliorated elastase-induced emphysematous lesion formation in the lungs in vivo, as indicated by the restoration of pulmonary function, suppression of airspace enlargement, and downregulation of elastase-induced matrix metalloproteinase activity and apoptotic cell death in the lungs. LJ-529 induced the expression of PPARγ target genes, the activity of PPARγ and several cytokines involved in inhibiting inflammation and inducing anti-inflammatory M2-like phenotypes. Moreover, LJ-529 did not exhibit significant cytotoxicity in normal cell lines derived from various organs in vitro and induced minimal changes in body weight in vivo, suggesting no overt toxicity of LJ-529 in vitro or in vivo. These results indicate the potential of LJ-529 as a novel therapeutic/preventive agent for emphysema with limited toxicity.
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Boo HJ, Park SJ, Noh M, Min HY, Jeong LS, Lee HY. LJ-2698, an Adenosine A3 Receptor Antagonist, Alleviates Elastase-Induced Pulmonary Emphysema in Mice. Biomol Ther (Seoul) 2020; 28:250-258. [PMID: 32062956 PMCID: PMC7216744 DOI: 10.4062/biomolther.2019.162] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2019] [Revised: 12/15/2019] [Accepted: 12/24/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Emphysema, a major component of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), is a leading cause of human death worldwide. The progressive deterioration of lung function that occurs in the disease is caused by chronic inflammation of the airway and destruction of the lung parenchyma. Despite the main impact of inflammation on the pathogenesis of emphysema, current therapeutic regimens mainly offer symptomatic relief and preservation of lung function with little therapeutic impact. In the present study, we aimed to discover novel therapeutics that suppress the pathogenesis of emphysema. Here, we show that LJ-2698, a novel and highly selective antagonist of the adenosine A3 receptor, a G protein-coupled receptor involved in various inflammatory diseases, significantly reversed the elastase-induced destructive changes in murine lungs. We found that LJ-2698 significantly prevented elastase-induced airspace enlargement, resulting in restoration of pulmonary function without causing any obvious changes in body weight in mice. LJ-2698 was found to inhibit matrix metalloproteinase activity and pulmonary cell apoptosis in the murine lung. LJ-2698 treatment induced increases in anti-inflammatory cytokines in macrophages at doses that displayed no significant cytotoxicity in normal cell lines derived from various organs. Treatment with LJ-2698 significantly increased the number of anti-inflammatory M2 macrophages in the lungs. These results implicate the adenosine A3 receptor in the pathogenesis of emphysema. Our findings also demonstrate the potential of LJ-2698 as a novel therapeutic/preventive agent in suppressing disease development with limited toxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hye-Jin Boo
- College of Pharmacy and Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - So Jung Park
- College of Pharmacy and Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Myungkyung Noh
- College of Pharmacy and Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Hye-Young Min
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Biopharmaceutical Sciences, Graduate School of Convergence Science and Technology, and College of Pharmacy, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Lak Shin Jeong
- College of Pharmacy and Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Ho-Young Lee
- College of Pharmacy and Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea.,Department of Molecular Medicine and Biopharmaceutical Sciences, Graduate School of Convergence Science and Technology, and College of Pharmacy, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
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14
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Robinson BS, Arthur CM, Evavold B, Roback E, Kamili NA, Stowell CS, Vallecillo-Zúniga ML, Van Ry PM, Dias-Baruffi M, Cummings RD, Stowell SR. The Sweet-Side of Leukocytes: Galectins as Master Regulators of Neutrophil Function. Front Immunol 2019; 10:1762. [PMID: 31440233 PMCID: PMC6693361 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2019.01762] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2019] [Accepted: 07/11/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Among responders to microbial invasion, neutrophils represent one of the earliest and perhaps most important factors that contribute to initial host defense. Effective neutrophil immunity requires their rapid mobilization to the site of infection, which requires efficient extravasation, activation, chemotaxis, phagocytosis, and eventual killing of potential microbial pathogens. Following pathogen elimination, neutrophils must be eliminated to prevent additional host injury and subsequent exacerbation of the inflammatory response. Galectins, expressed in nearly every tissue and regulated by unique sensitivity to oxidative and proteolytic inactivation, appear to influence nearly every aspect of neutrophil function. In this review, we will examine the impact of galectins on neutrophils, with a particular focus on the unique biochemical traits that allow galectin family members to spatially and temporally regulate neutrophil function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brian S Robinson
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Center for Transfusion Medicine and Cellular Therapies, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, United States
| | - Connie M Arthur
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Center for Transfusion Medicine and Cellular Therapies, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, United States
| | - Birk Evavold
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Center for Transfusion Medicine and Cellular Therapies, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, United States
| | - Ethan Roback
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Center for Transfusion Medicine and Cellular Therapies, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, United States
| | - Nourine A Kamili
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Center for Transfusion Medicine and Cellular Therapies, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, United States
| | - Caleb S Stowell
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Center for Transfusion Medicine and Cellular Therapies, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, United States
| | | | - Pam M Van Ry
- Department of Biochemistry, Brigham Young University, Provo, UT, United States
| | - Marcelo Dias-Baruffi
- Department of Clinical Analyses, Toxicology and Food Sciences, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Ribeirao Preto, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Richard D Cummings
- Department of Surgery, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Sean R Stowell
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Center for Transfusion Medicine and Cellular Therapies, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, United States
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Lan YW, Yang JC, Yen CC, Huang TT, Chen YC, Chen HL, Chong KY, Chen CM. Predifferentiated amniotic fluid mesenchymal stem cells enhance lung alveolar epithelium regeneration and reverse elastase-induced pulmonary emphysema. Stem Cell Res Ther 2019; 10:163. [PMID: 31196196 PMCID: PMC6567664 DOI: 10.1186/s13287-019-1282-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2019] [Revised: 04/23/2019] [Accepted: 05/27/2019] [Indexed: 03/08/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Pulmonary emphysema is a major component of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Emphysema progression attributed not only to alveolar structure loss and pulmonary regeneration impairment, but also to excessive inflammatory response, proteolytic and anti-proteolytic activity imbalance, lung epithelial cells apoptosis, and abnormal lung remodeling. To ameliorate lung damage with higher efficiency in lung tissue engineering and cell therapy, pre-differentiating graft cells into more restricted cell types before transplantation could enhance their ability to anatomically and functionally integrate into damaged lung. In this study, we aimed to evaluate the regenerative and repair ability of lung alveolar epithelium in emphysema model by using lung epithelial progenitors which pre-differentiated from amniotic fluid mesenchymal stem cells (AFMSCs). METHODS Pre-differentiation of eGFP-expressing AFMSCs to lung epithelial progenitor-like cells (LEPLCs) was established under a modified small airway growth media (mSAGM) for 7-day induction. Pre-differentiated AFMSCs were intratracheally injected into porcine pancreatic elastase (PPE)-induced emphysema mice at day 14, and then inflammatory-, fibrotic-, and emphysema-related indices and pathological changes were assessed at 6 weeks after PPE administration. RESULTS An optimal LEPLCs pre-differentiation condition has been achieved, which resulted in a yield of approximately 20% lung epithelial progenitors-like cells from AFMSCs in a 7-day period. In PPE-induced emphysema mice, transplantation of LEPLCs significantly improved regeneration of lung tissues through integrating into the lung alveolar structure, relieved airway inflammation, increased expression of growth factors such as vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), and reduced matrix metalloproteinases and lung remodeling factors when compared with mice injected with AFMSCs. Histopathologic examination observed a significant amelioration in DNA damage in alveolar cells, detected by terminal deoxynucleotidyltransferase-mediated dUTP nick end labeling (TUNEL), the mean linear intercept, and the collagen deposition in the LEPLC-transplanted groups. CONCLUSION Transplantation of predifferentiated AFMSCs through intratracheal injection showed better alveolar regeneration and reverse elastase-induced pulmonary emphysema in PPE-induced pulmonary emphysema mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying-Wei Lan
- Department of Life Sciences, College of Life Sciences, National Chung Hsing University, No. 250, Kuo Kuang Rd., Taichung, 402 Taiwan
- Department of Medical Biotechnology and Laboratory Science, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, 333 Taiwan
- Graduate Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Division of Biotechnology, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, 333 Taiwan
| | - Jing-Chan Yang
- Department of Life Sciences, College of Life Sciences, National Chung Hsing University, No. 250, Kuo Kuang Rd., Taichung, 402 Taiwan
| | - Chih-Ching Yen
- Department of Life Sciences, College of Life Sciences, National Chung Hsing University, No. 250, Kuo Kuang Rd., Taichung, 402 Taiwan
- Department of Internal Medicine, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, 404 Taiwan
- College of Health Care, China Medical University, Taichung, 404 Taiwan
| | - Tsung-Teng Huang
- Department of Medical Biotechnology and Laboratory Science, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, 333 Taiwan
| | - Ying-Cheng Chen
- Department of Life Sciences, College of Life Sciences, National Chung Hsing University, No. 250, Kuo Kuang Rd., Taichung, 402 Taiwan
| | - Hsiao-Ling Chen
- Department of Bioresource, Da-Yeh University, Changhwa, 515 Taiwan
| | - Kowit-Yu Chong
- Department of Medical Biotechnology and Laboratory Science, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, 333 Taiwan
- Graduate Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Division of Biotechnology, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, 333 Taiwan
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Linkou, Taoyuan, 333 Taiwan
- Centre for Stem Cell Research, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Tunku Abdul Rahman, 43000 Kajang, Selangor Malaysia
| | - Chuan-Mu Chen
- Department of Life Sciences, College of Life Sciences, National Chung Hsing University, No. 250, Kuo Kuang Rd., Taichung, 402 Taiwan
- The iEGG and Animal Biotechnology Center, and Rong Hsing Research Center for Translational Medicine, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung, 402 Taiwan
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Molecules of Damage-Associated Patterns in Bronchoalveolar Lavage Fluid and Serum in Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2018; 1113:27-35. [PMID: 29429028 DOI: 10.1007/5584_2018_165] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Chronic exposure to detrimental environmental factors may induce immunogenic cell death of structural airway cells in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Damage-associated molecular patterns (DAMPs) is a family of heterogeneous molecules released from injured or dead cells, which activate innate and adaptive immune responses on binding to the pattern recognition receptors on cells. This study seeks to define the content of DAMPs in the bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) and serum of COPD patients, and the possible association of these molecules with clinical disease features. Thirty COPD in advanced disease stages were enrolled into the study. Pulmonary function tests, arterial blood gas content, 6-minute walk test, and BODE index were assessed. The content of DAMPs was estimated using the commercial sandwich-ELISA kits. We found differential alterations in the content of various DAMP molecules. In the main, BALF DAMPs positively associated with age, forced expiratory volume in one second (FEV1), and residual volume (RV); and inversely with PaO2, residual volume/total lung capacity (RV/TLC) ratio, and the disease severity staging. In serum, DAMPS positively associated with the intensity of smoking and inversely with age, PaO2, and TLC. In conclusion, DAMPs are present in both BALF and serum of COPD patients, which points to enhanced both local in the lung environment as well as systemic pro-inflammatory vein in this disease. These molecules appear involved with the lung damage and clinical variables featuring COPD. However, since the involvement of various DAMPs in COPD is variable, the exact role they play is by far unsettled and is open to further exploration.
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