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Li X, Hu B, Zheng J, Pan Z, Cai Y, Zhao M, Jin X, Li ZQ. Probiotics Alleviate Chemotherapy-Associated Intestinal Mucosal Injury via the TLR4-NFκB Signaling Pathway. Drug Des Devel Ther 2023; 17:2183-2192. [PMID: 37521036 PMCID: PMC10386857 DOI: 10.2147/dddt.s403087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2023] [Accepted: 07/17/2023] [Indexed: 08/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Temozolomide (TMZ) induces intestinal mucosa injury that cannot be fully counteracted by supportive treatment. Probiotics regulate gut microbial composition and the host immune system and may alleviate this side effect. We aimed to investigate the potential and mechanism of Lactobacillus rhamnosus GG (LGG) in relieving intestinal mucosal injury induced by TMZ. Methods Glioblastoma mice were divided into four groups: CON (control), LGG (109 CFU/mL, treated for 7 days), TMZ (50 mg/kg·d, treated for 5 days), LGG+TMZ (LGG for 7 days and TMZ subsequently for 5 days). Body weight, food intake, and fecal pH were recorded. Intestinal tissue samples were collected 1 day after the end of TMZ treatment. Degree of damage to intestine, expression of IL1β, IL6, TNFα, and IL10 in jejunum were determined. Levels of tight-junction proteins (ZO1, occludin), TLR4, IKKβ, IκBα, and P65 with their phosphorylation in jejunum were measured. Results Decreases in body weight, food intake, spleen index in the TMZ group were mitigated in the LGG+TMZ group, and the degree of intestinal shortening and damage to jejunum villus were also alleviated. The expression of tight-junction proteins in the LGG+TMZ group was significantly greater than that in the TMZ group. IκBα in intestinal tissue significantly decreased in the TMZ group, phos-IKKβ and phos-P65 increased compared to the CON group, and LGG reversed such changes in IκBα and phos-P65 in the LGG+TMZ group. Intestinal inflammatory cytokines were significantly increased in the TMZ group, but lower in the LGG+TMZ group. Moreover, expression of TLR4 in LGG group was significantly lower than that in the CON group. LGG inhibited the rise of TLR4 after TMZ in the LGG+TMZ group compared to the TMZ group. Conclusion LGG inhibits the activation of the TLR4-NFκB pathway and alleviates intestinal mucosal inflammation induced by TMZ, thereby protect the jejunum villi and mucosal physical barrier.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaochong Li
- Department of Neurosurgery, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, 430071, People’s Republic of China
| | - Bowen Hu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, 430071, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jiachen Zheng
- Emergency Center, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, 430071, People’s Republic of China
- The Second Clinical School, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, 430071, People’s Republic of China
| | - Zhiyong Pan
- Department of Neurosurgery, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, 430071, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yuxiang Cai
- Department of Pathology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, 430071, People’s Republic of China
| | - Mingjuan Zhao
- Department of Neurosurgery, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, 430071, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xiaoqing Jin
- Emergency Center, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, 430071, People’s Republic of China
| | - Zhi-Qiang Li
- Department of Neurosurgery, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, 430071, People’s Republic of China
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Chin SM, Reina G, Chau NDQ, Chabrol T, Wion D, Bouamrani A, Gay E, Nishina Y, Bianco A, Berger F. Functional Graphene for Peritumoral Brain Microenvironment Modulation Therapy in Glioblastoma. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2023; 19:e2208227. [PMID: 36732906 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202208227] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2022] [Revised: 01/09/2023] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
Peritumoral brain invasion is the main target to cure glioblastoma. Chemoradiotherapy and targeted therapies fail to combat peritumoral relapse. Brain inaccessibility and tumor heterogeneity explain this failure, combined with overlooking the peritumor microenvironment. Reduce graphene oxide (rGO) provides a unique opportunity to modulate the local brain microenvironment. Multimodal graphene impacts are reported on glioblastoma cells in vitro but fail when translated in vivo because of low diffusion. This issue is solved by developing a new rGO formulation involving ultramixing during the functionalization with polyethyleneimine (PEI) leading to the formation of highly water-stable rGO-PEI. Wide mice brain diffusion and biocompatibility are demonstrated. Using an invasive GL261 model, an anti-invasive effect is observed. A major unexpected modification of the peritumoral area is also observed with the neutralization of gliosis. In vitro, mechanistic investigations are performed using primary astrocytes and cytokine array. The result suggests that direct contact of rGO-PEIUT neutralizes astrogliosis, decreasing several proinflammatory cytokines that would explain a bystander tumor anti-invasive effect. rGO also significantly downregulates several proinvasive/protumoral cytokines at the tumor cell level. The results open the way to a new microenvironment anti-invasive nanotherapy using a new graphene nanomaterial that is optimized for in vivo brain delivery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shan Min Chin
- Emmanuel Gay, François Berger, INSERM UMR1205, Brain Tech Lab, Grenoble Alpes University, Grenoble, 38000, France
| | - Giacomo Reina
- CNRS, Immunology, Immunopathology and Therapeutic Chemistry, UPR3572, University of Strasbourg, ISIS, Strasbourg, 67000, France
| | - Ngoc Do Quyen Chau
- CNRS, Immunology, Immunopathology and Therapeutic Chemistry, UPR3572, University of Strasbourg, ISIS, Strasbourg, 67000, France
| | - Tanguy Chabrol
- Emmanuel Gay, François Berger, INSERM UMR1205, Brain Tech Lab, Grenoble Alpes University, Grenoble, 38000, France
| | - Didier Wion
- Emmanuel Gay, François Berger, INSERM UMR1205, Brain Tech Lab, Grenoble Alpes University, Grenoble, 38000, France
| | - Ali Bouamrani
- Emmanuel Gay, François Berger, INSERM UMR1205, Brain Tech Lab, Grenoble Alpes University, Grenoble, 38000, France
| | - Emmanuel Gay
- Emmanuel Gay, François Berger, INSERM UMR1205, Brain Tech Lab, Grenoble Alpes University, Grenoble, 38000, France
| | - Yuta Nishina
- Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University, Tsushimanaka, Kita-ku, Okayama, 700-8530, Japan
- Research Core for Interdisciplinary Sciences, Okayama University, Tsushimanaka, Kita-ku, Okayama, 700-8530, Japan
| | - Alberto Bianco
- CNRS, Immunology, Immunopathology and Therapeutic Chemistry, UPR3572, University of Strasbourg, ISIS, Strasbourg, 67000, France
| | - François Berger
- Emmanuel Gay, François Berger, INSERM UMR1205, Brain Tech Lab, Grenoble Alpes University, Grenoble, 38000, France
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Chang HG, Choi YH, Hong J, Choi JW, Yoon AR, Yun CO. GM101 in Combination with Histone Deacetylase Inhibitor Enhances Anti-Tumor Effects in Desmoplastic Microenvironment. Cells 2021; 10:2811. [PMID: 34831034 PMCID: PMC8616263 DOI: 10.3390/cells10112811] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2021] [Revised: 10/15/2021] [Accepted: 10/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Oncolytic adenoviruses (oAds) have been evaluated in numerous clinical trials due to their promising attributes as cancer therapeutics. However, the therapeutic efficacy of oAds was limited due to variable coxsackie and adenovirus receptor (CAR) expression levels and the dense extracellular matrix (ECM) of heterogenic clinical tumors. To overcome these limitations, our present report investigated the therapeutic efficacy of combining GM101, an oAd with excellent tumor ECM degrading properties, and histone deacetylase inhibitor (HDACi). Four different HDACi (suberohydroxamic acid (SBHA), MS-275, trichostatin A (TSA), and valproic acid) candidates in combination with replication-incompetent and GFP-expressing Ad (dAd/GFP) revealed that SBHA and MS-275 exerted more potent enhancement in Ad transduction efficacy than TSA or valproic acid. Further characterization revealed that SBHA and MS-275 effectively upregulated CAR expression in cancer cells, improved the binding of Ad with cancer cell membranes, and led to dynamin 2- and clathrin-mediated endocytosis of Ad. The combination of GM101 with HDACi induced superior cancer cell killing effects compared to any of the monotherapies, without any additional cytotoxicity in normal cell lines. Further, GM101+SBHA and GM101+MS-275 induced more potent antitumor efficacy than any monotherapy in U343 xenograft tumor model. Potent antitumor efficacy was achieved via the combination of GM101 with HDACi, inducing necrotic and apoptotic cancer cell death, inhibiting cancer cell proliferation, degrading ECM in tumor tissue, and thus exerting the highest level of virus dispersion and accumulation. Collectively, these data demonstrate that the combination of GM101 and HDACi can enhance intratumoral dispersion and accumulation of oAd through multifaced mechanisms, making it a promising strategy to address the challenges toward successful clinical development of oAd.
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Affiliation(s)
- Han-Gyu Chang
- Department of Bioengineering, College of Engineering, Hanyang University, 222 Wangsimni-ro, Seongdong-gu, Seoul 04763, Korea; (H.-G.C.); (J.-W.C.)
| | - Yong-Hyeon Choi
- GeneMedicine CO., Ltd., 222 Wangsimni-ro, Seongdong-gu, Seoul 04763, Korea; (Y.-H.C.); (J.H.)
| | - JinWoo Hong
- GeneMedicine CO., Ltd., 222 Wangsimni-ro, Seongdong-gu, Seoul 04763, Korea; (Y.-H.C.); (J.H.)
| | - Joung-Woo Choi
- Department of Bioengineering, College of Engineering, Hanyang University, 222 Wangsimni-ro, Seongdong-gu, Seoul 04763, Korea; (H.-G.C.); (J.-W.C.)
| | - A-Rum Yoon
- Department of Bioengineering, College of Engineering, Hanyang University, 222 Wangsimni-ro, Seongdong-gu, Seoul 04763, Korea; (H.-G.C.); (J.-W.C.)
- Institute of Nano Science and Technology (INST), Hanyang University, 222 Wangsimni-ro, Seongdong-gu, Seoul 04763, Korea
| | - Chae-Ok Yun
- Department of Bioengineering, College of Engineering, Hanyang University, 222 Wangsimni-ro, Seongdong-gu, Seoul 04763, Korea; (H.-G.C.); (J.-W.C.)
- GeneMedicine CO., Ltd., 222 Wangsimni-ro, Seongdong-gu, Seoul 04763, Korea; (Y.-H.C.); (J.H.)
- Institute of Nano Science and Technology (INST), Hanyang University, 222 Wangsimni-ro, Seongdong-gu, Seoul 04763, Korea
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Krafft MP, Riess JG. Therapeutic oxygen delivery by perfluorocarbon-based colloids. Adv Colloid Interface Sci 2021; 294:102407. [PMID: 34120037 DOI: 10.1016/j.cis.2021.102407] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2021] [Revised: 03/18/2021] [Accepted: 03/25/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
After the protocol-related indecisive clinical trial of Oxygent, a perfluorooctylbromide/phospholipid nanoemulsion, in cardiac surgery, that often unduly assigned the observed untoward effects to the product, the development of perfluorocarbon (PFC)-based O2 nanoemulsions ("blood substitutes") has come to a low. Yet, significant further demonstrations of PFC O2-delivery efficacy have continuously been reported, such as relief of hypoxia after myocardial infarction or stroke; protection of vital organs during surgery; potentiation of O2-dependent cancer therapies, including radio-, photodynamic-, chemo- and immunotherapies; regeneration of damaged nerve, bone or cartilage; preservation of organ grafts destined for transplantation; and control of gas supply in tissue engineering and biotechnological productions. PFC colloids capable of augmenting O2 delivery include primarily injectable PFC nanoemulsions, microbubbles and phase-shift nanoemulsions. Careful selection of PFC and other colloid components is critical. The basics of O2 delivery by PFC nanoemulsions will be briefly reminded. Improved knowledge of O2 delivery mechanisms has been acquired. Advanced, size-adjustable O2-delivering nanoemulsions have been designed that have extended room-temperature shelf-stability. Alternate O2 delivery options are being investigated that rely on injectable PFC-stabilized microbubbles or phase-shift PFC nanoemulsions. The latter combine prolonged circulation in the vasculature, capacity for penetrating tumor tissues, and acute responsiveness to ultrasound and other external stimuli. Progress in microbubble and phase-shift emulsion engineering, control of phase-shift activation (vaporization), understanding and control of bubble/ultrasound/tissue interactions is discussed. Control of the phase-shift event and of microbubble size require utmost attention. Further PFC-based colloidal systems, including polymeric micelles, PFC-loaded organic or inorganic nanoparticles and scaffolds, have been devised that also carry substantial amounts of O2. Local, on-demand O2 delivery can be triggered by external stimuli, including focused ultrasound irradiation or tumor microenvironment. PFC colloid functionalization and targeting can help adjust their properties for specific indications, augment their efficacy, improve safety profiles, and expand the range of their indications. Many new medical and biotechnological applications involving fluorinated colloids are being assessed, including in the clinic. Further uses of PFC-based colloidal nanotherapeutics will be briefly mentioned that concern contrast diagnostic imaging, including molecular imaging and immune cell tracking; controlled delivery of therapeutic energy, as for noninvasive surgical ablation and sonothrombolysis; and delivery of drugs and genes, including across the blood-brain barrier. Even when the fluorinated colloids investigated are designed for other purposes than O2 supply, they will inevitably also carry and deliver a certain amount of O2, and may thus be considered for O2 delivery or co-delivery applications. Conversely, O2-carrying PFC nanoemulsions possess by nature a unique aptitude for 19F MR imaging, and hence, cell tracking, while PFC-stabilized microbubbles are ideal resonators for ultrasound contrast imaging and can undergo precise manipulation and on-demand destruction by ultrasound waves, thereby opening multiple theranostic opportunities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marie Pierre Krafft
- University of Strasbourg, Institut Charles Sadron (CNRS), 23 rue du Loess, 67034 Strasbourg, France.
| | - Jean G Riess
- Harangoutte Institute, 68160 Ste Croix-aux-Mines, France
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Syed UT, Dias AM, Crespo J, Brazinha C, de Sousa HC. Studies on the formation and stability of perfluorodecalin nanoemulsions by ultrasound emulsification using novel surfactant systems. Colloids Surf A Physicochem Eng Asp 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfa.2021.126315] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
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6
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Li XC, Wu BS, Jiang Y, Li J, Wang ZF, Ma C, Li YR, Yao J, Jin XQ, Li ZQ. Temozolomide-Induced Changes in Gut Microbial Composition in a Mouse Model of Brain Glioma. DRUG DESIGN DEVELOPMENT AND THERAPY 2021; 15:1641-1652. [PMID: 33907383 PMCID: PMC8071088 DOI: 10.2147/dddt.s298261] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2020] [Accepted: 04/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Background Gut microbiota is associated with the progression of brain tumors. However, the alterations in gut microbiota observed during glioma growth and temozolomide (TMZ) therapy remain poorly understood. Methods C57BL/6 male mice were implanted with GL261 glioma cells. TMZ/sodium carboxymethyl cellulose (SCC) was administered through gavage for five consecutive days (from 8 to 12 days after implantation). Fecal samples were collected before (T0) and on days 7 (T1), 14 (T2), and 28 (T3) after implantation. The gut microbiota was analyzed using 16S ribosomal DNA sequencing followed by absolute and relative quantitation analyses. Results Nineteen genera were altered during glioma progression with the most dramatic changes in Firmicutes and Bacteroidetes phyla. During glioma growth, Lactobacillus abundance decreased in the early stage (T1) and then gradually increased (T2, T3); Intestinimonas abundance exhibited a persistent increase; Anaerotruncus showed a transient increase (T2) and then a subsequent decrease (T3). Similar longitudinal changes in Intestinimonas and Anaerotruncus abundance were observed in TMZ-treated mice, but the decrease of Anaerotruncus at T3 in the TMZ-treated group was less than that in the vehicle-treated group. No significant change in Lactobacillus was observed after TMZ treatment. Additionally, compared to vehicle control, TMZ treatment led to an enrichment in Akkermansia and Bifidobacterium. Conclusion Glioma development and progression altered the composition of gut microbiota. Induction of Akkermansia and Bifidobacterium as well as the prevention of the reduction in Anaerotruncus may contribute to the anti-tumor effect of TMZ. This study helps to reveal the association between levels of specific microbial species in the gut and the anti-tumor effect of TMZ.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Chong Li
- Department of Neurosurgery, Zhongnan Hospital, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430071, Hubei, People's Republic of China
| | - Bang-Sheng Wu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Zhongnan Hospital, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430071, Hubei, People's Republic of China.,Second Clinical School, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430071, Hubei, People's Republic of China
| | - Yi Jiang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Zhongnan Hospital, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430071, Hubei, People's Republic of China.,Second Clinical School, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430071, Hubei, People's Republic of China
| | - Jie Li
- Department of Physiology, Wuhan University School of Basic Medical Sciences, Wuhan, 430071, People's Republic of China
| | - Ze-Fen Wang
- Department of Physiology, Wuhan University School of Basic Medical Sciences, Wuhan, 430071, People's Republic of China
| | - Chao Ma
- Department of Neurosurgery, Zhongnan Hospital, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430071, Hubei, People's Republic of China
| | - Yi-Rong Li
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Zhongnan Hospital, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430071, Hubei, People's Republic of China
| | - Jie Yao
- Department of Biological Repositories, Zhongnan Hospital, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430071, Hubei, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiao-Qing Jin
- Emergency Department, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430071, Hubei, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhi-Qiang Li
- Department of Neurosurgery, Zhongnan Hospital, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430071, Hubei, People's Republic of China
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Villamañan L, Martínez-Escardó L, Arús C, Yuste VJ, Candiota AP. Successful Partnerships: Exploring the Potential of Immunogenic Signals Triggered by TMZ, CX-4945, and Combined Treatment in GL261 Glioblastoma Cells. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22073453. [PMID: 33810611 PMCID: PMC8036897 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22073453] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2021] [Revised: 03/17/2021] [Accepted: 03/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The relevance of the cancer immune cycle in therapy response implies that successful treatment may trigger the exposure or the release of immunogenic signals. Previous results with the preclinical GL261 glioblastoma (GB) showed that combination treatment of temozolomide (TMZ) + CX-4945 (protein kinase CK2 inhibitor) outperformed single treatments, provided an immune-friendly schedule was followed. Our purpose was to study possible immunogenic signals released in vitro by GB cells. METHODS GL261 GB cells were treated with TMZ and CX-4945 at different concentrations (25 µM-4 mM) and time frames (12-72 h). Cell viability was measured with Trypan Blue and propidium iodide. Calreticulin exposure was assessed with immunofluorescence, and ATP release was measured with bioluminescence. RESULTS TMZ showed cytostatic rather than cytotoxic effects, while CX-4945 showed remarkable cytotoxic effects already at low concentrations. Calreticulin exposure after 24 h was detected with TMZ treatment, as well as TMZ/CX-4945 low concentration combined treatment. ATP release was significantly higher with CX-4945, especially at high concentrations, as well as with TMZ/CX-4945. CONCLUSIONS combined treatment may produce the simultaneous release of two potent immunogenic signals, which can explain the outperformance over single treatments in vivo. A word of caution may be raised since in vitro conditions are not able to mimic pharmacokinetics observed in vivo fully.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucía Villamañan
- Unitat de Bioquímica de Biociències, Departament de Bioquímica i Biologia Molecular, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08193 Cerdanyola del Vallès, Spain; (L.V.); (C.A.)
| | - Laura Martínez-Escardó
- Cell Death, Senescence and Survival Group, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology and Institute of Neurosciences, Faculty of Medicine, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08193 Cerdanyola del Vallès, Spain; (L.M.-E.); (V.J.Y.)
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red Sobre Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (C.I.B.E.R.N.E.D.), Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08193 Cerdanyola del Vallès, Spain
| | - Carles Arús
- Unitat de Bioquímica de Biociències, Departament de Bioquímica i Biologia Molecular, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08193 Cerdanyola del Vallès, Spain; (L.V.); (C.A.)
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red en Bioingeniería, Biomateriales y Nanomedicina (CIBER-BBN), 08193 Cerdanyola del Vallès, Spain
- Institut de Biotecnologia i de Biomedicina (IBB), Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08193 Cerdanyola del Vallès, Spain
| | - Victor J. Yuste
- Cell Death, Senescence and Survival Group, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology and Institute of Neurosciences, Faculty of Medicine, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08193 Cerdanyola del Vallès, Spain; (L.M.-E.); (V.J.Y.)
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red Sobre Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (C.I.B.E.R.N.E.D.), Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08193 Cerdanyola del Vallès, Spain
| | - Ana P. Candiota
- Unitat de Bioquímica de Biociències, Departament de Bioquímica i Biologia Molecular, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08193 Cerdanyola del Vallès, Spain; (L.V.); (C.A.)
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red en Bioingeniería, Biomateriales y Nanomedicina (CIBER-BBN), 08193 Cerdanyola del Vallès, Spain
- Institut de Biotecnologia i de Biomedicina (IBB), Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08193 Cerdanyola del Vallès, Spain
- Correspondence:
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Spiess BD. Oxygen therapeutic agents to target hypoxia in cancer treatment. Curr Opin Pharmacol 2020; 53:146-151. [PMID: 33086188 DOI: 10.1016/j.coph.2020.09.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2020] [Revised: 09/15/2020] [Accepted: 09/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Solid tumors have abnormal microcirculation that limits oxygen delivery and leads to a hypoxic tumor microenvironment. Tumor hypoxia stabilizes the transcription factor HIF-1α that can trigger immunosuppression through A2A adenosine receptors which prevents immune attack on tumors. In addition, success of chemotherapy and radiation therapy appears to be dependent on oxygen levels. Two main pharmaceutical classes of agents (hemoglobin based and perfluorocarbon man-made carbon oils) have been tested in tumor models as enhanced oxygen therapeutics. This article will review how these agents function as well as examine work to date with both drug classes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bruce D Spiess
- Department of Anesthesiology, College of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, United States.
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The oncogene BCL6 is up-regulated in glioblastoma in response to DNA damage, and drives survival after therapy. PLoS One 2020; 15:e0231470. [PMID: 32320427 PMCID: PMC7176076 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0231470] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2019] [Accepted: 03/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
The prognosis for people with the high-grade brain tumor glioblastoma is very poor, due largely to low cell death in response to genotoxic therapy. The transcription factor BCL6, a protein that normally suppresses the DNA damage response during immune cell maturation, and a known driver of B-cell lymphoma, was shown to mediate the survival of glioblastoma cells. Expression was observed in glioblastoma tumor specimens and cell lines. When BCL6 expression or activity was reduced in these lines, increased apoptosis and a profound loss of proliferation was observed, consistent with gene expression signatures suggestive of anti-apoptotic and pro-survival signaling role for BCL6 in glioblastoma. Further, treatment with the standard therapies for glioblastoma—ionizing radiation and temozolomide—both induced BCL6 expression in vitro, and an in vivo orthotopic animal model of glioblastoma. Importantly, inhibition of BCL6 in combination with genotoxic therapies enhanced the therapeutic effect. Together these data demonstrate that BCL6 is an active transcription factor in glioblastoma, that it drives survival of cells, and that it increased with DNA damage, which increased the survival rate of therapy-treated cells. This makes BCL6 an excellent therapeutic target in glioblastoma—by increasing sensitivity to standard DNA damaging therapy, BCL6 inhibitors have real potential to improve the outcome for people with this disease.
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Deng Z, Xu X, Garzon-Muvdi T, Xia Y, Kim E, Belcaid Z, Luksik A, Maxwell R, Choi J, Wang H, Yu J, Iordachita I, Lim M, Wong JW, Wang KKH. In Vivo Bioluminescence Tomography Center of Mass-Guided Conformal Irradiation. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2019; 106:612-620. [PMID: 31738948 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2019.11.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2019] [Revised: 10/24/2019] [Accepted: 11/03/2019] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE The cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT)-guided small animal radiation research platform (SARRP) has provided unique opportunities to test radiobiologic hypotheses. However, CBCT is less adept to localize soft tissue targets growing in a low imaging contrast environment. Three-dimensional bioluminescence tomography (BLT) provides strong image contrast and thus offers an attractive solution. We introduced a novel and efficient BLT-guided conformal radiation therapy and demonstrated it in an orthotopic glioblastoma (GBM) model. METHODS AND MATERIALS A multispectral BLT system was integrated with SARRP for radiation therapy (RT) guidance. GBM growth curve was first established by contrast CBCT/magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) to derive equivalent sphere as approximated gross target volume (aGTV). For BLT, mice were subject to multispectral bioluminescence imaging, followed by SARRP CBCT imaging and optical reconstruction. The CBCT image was acquired to generate anatomic mesh for the reconstruction and RT planning. To ensure high accuracy of the BLT-reconstructed center of mass (CoM) for target localization, we optimized the optical absorption coefficients μa by minimizing the distance between the CoMs of BLT reconstruction and contrast CBCT/MRI-delineated GBM volume. The aGTV combined with the uncertainties of BLT CoM localization and target volume determination was used to generate estimated target volume (ETV). For conformal irradiation procedure, the GBM was first localized by the predetermined ETV centered at BLT-reconstructed CoM, followed by SARRP radiation. The irradiation accuracy was qualitatively confirmed by pathologic staining. RESULTS Deviation between CoMs of BLT reconstruction and contrast CBCT/MRI-imaged GBM is approximately 1 mm. Our derived ETV centered at BLT-reconstructed CoM covers >95% of the tumor volume. Using the second-week GBM as an example, the ETV-based BLT-guided irradiation can cover 95.4% ± 4.7% tumor volume at prescribed dose. The pathologic staining demonstrated the BLT-guided irradiated area overlapped well with the GBM location. CONCLUSIONS The BLT-guided RT enables 3-dimensional conformal radiation for important orthotopic tumor models, which provides investigators a new preclinical research capability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zijian Deng
- Department of Radiation Oncology and Molecular Radiation Sciences, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Xiangkun Xu
- Department of Radiation Oncology and Molecular Radiation Sciences, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Tomas Garzon-Muvdi
- Department of Neurosurgery, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland; Department of Neurosurgery, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas
| | - Yuanxuan Xia
- Department of Neurosurgery, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Eileen Kim
- Department of Neurosurgery, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Zineb Belcaid
- Department of Neurosurgery, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Andrew Luksik
- Department of Neurosurgery, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Russell Maxwell
- Department of Neurosurgery, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - John Choi
- Department of Neurosurgery, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Hailun Wang
- Department of Radiation Oncology and Molecular Radiation Sciences, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Jingjing Yu
- School of Physics and Information Technology, Shaanxi Normal University, Shanxi, China
| | - Iulian Iordachita
- Laboratory for Computational Sensing and Robotics, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Michael Lim
- Department of Neurosurgery, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - John W Wong
- Department of Radiation Oncology and Molecular Radiation Sciences, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Ken Kang-Hsin Wang
- Department of Radiation Oncology and Molecular Radiation Sciences, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland.
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11
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Forster JC, Marcu LG, Bezak E. Approaches to combat hypoxia in cancer therapy and the potential for in silico models in their evaluation. Phys Med 2019; 64:145-156. [PMID: 31515013 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmp.2019.07.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2019] [Revised: 06/17/2019] [Accepted: 07/09/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
AIM The negative impact of tumour hypoxia on cancer treatment outcome has been long-known, yet there has been little success combating it. This paper investigates the potential role of in silico modelling to help test emerging hypoxia-targeting treatments in cancer therapy. METHODS A Medline search was undertaken on the current landscape of in silico models that simulate cancer therapy and evaluate their ability to test hypoxia-targeting treatments. Techniques and treatments to combat tumour hypoxia and their current challenges are also presented. RESULTS Hypoxia-targeting treatments include tumour reoxygenation, hypoxic cell radiosensitization with nitroimidazoles, hypoxia-activated prodrugs and molecular targeting. Their main challenges are toxicity and not achieving adequate delivery to hypoxic regions of the tumour. There is promising research toward combining two or more of these techniques. Different types of in silico therapy models have been developed ranging from temporal to spatial and from stochastic to deterministic models. Numerous models have compared the effectiveness of different radiotherapy fractionation schedules for controlling hypoxic tumours. Similarly, models could help identify and optimize new treatments for overcoming hypoxia that utilize novel hypoxia-targeting technology. CONCLUSION Current therapy models should attempt to incorporate more sophisticated modelling of tumour angiogenesis/vasculature and vessel perfusion in order to become more useful for testing hypoxia-targeting treatments, which typically rely upon the tumour vasculature for delivery of additional oxygen, (pro)drugs and nanoparticles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jake C Forster
- SA Medical Imaging, Department of Nuclear Medicine, The Queen Elizabeth Hospital, Woodville South, SA 5011, Australia; Department of Physics, University of Adelaide, North Terrace, Adelaide SA 5005, Australia
| | - Loredana G Marcu
- Faculty of Science, University of Oradea, Oradea 410087, Romania; Cancer Research Institute and School of Health Sciences, University of South Australia, Adelaide SA 5001, Australia.
| | - Eva Bezak
- Department of Physics, University of Adelaide, North Terrace, Adelaide SA 5005, Australia; Cancer Research Institute and School of Health Sciences, University of South Australia, Adelaide SA 5001, Australia
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12
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Li J, Shang W, Li Y, Fu S, Tian J, Lu L. Advanced nanomaterials targeting hypoxia to enhance radiotherapy. Int J Nanomedicine 2018; 13:5925-5936. [PMID: 30319257 PMCID: PMC6171520 DOI: 10.2147/ijn.s173914] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Hypoxia within solid tumors is often responsible for the failure of radiotherapy. The development of hypoxia-targeting nanomaterials - aimed at enhancing the effect of radiotherapy by electrical or heat effects and at modulating hypoxia in the tumor microenvironment - is a promising strategy to address this issue. We provide an overview of recently developed advanced materials that potentiate radiotherapy. First, we summarize novel materials for oxygen delivery or production to modify the tumor microenvironment, thus improving the effects of ionizing radiation. Second, we present new approaches for the design of high-Z element-based multifunctional nanoplatforms to enhance radiotherapy. Third, novel drug delivery systems for hypoxic regions and hypoxia-inducible factor-1-targeted therapies are discussed. Fourth, we establish the effectiveness of X-ray- or near-infrared-responsive nanoparticles for selectively triggering therapeutic effects under hypoxic conditions. Finally, this review emphasizes the importance of research in the field of nanomedicine focused on tumor hypoxia to improve clinical outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia Li
- Zhuhai Precision Medical Center, Zhuhai People's Hospital, Jinan University, Zhuhai, China,
- CAS Key Laboratory of Molecular Imaging, Institute of Automation, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China,
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Molecular Imaging, Beijing, China,
| | - Wenting Shang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Molecular Imaging, Institute of Automation, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China,
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Molecular Imaging, Beijing, China,
| | - Yong Li
- Zhuhai Precision Medical Center, Zhuhai People's Hospital, Jinan University, Zhuhai, China,
| | - Sirui Fu
- Zhuhai Precision Medical Center, Zhuhai People's Hospital, Jinan University, Zhuhai, China,
- CAS Key Laboratory of Molecular Imaging, Institute of Automation, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China,
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Molecular Imaging, Beijing, China,
| | - Jie Tian
- CAS Key Laboratory of Molecular Imaging, Institute of Automation, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China,
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Molecular Imaging, Beijing, China,
| | - Ligong Lu
- Zhuhai Precision Medical Center, Zhuhai People's Hospital, Jinan University, Zhuhai, China,
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