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Ahn JH, Park S, Hwang YM, Choi YS, Yi JW. Morphologic and genomic changes of thyroid cancer cell lines exposed to conditions of simulated microgravity. NPJ Microgravity 2024; 10:8. [PMID: 38225447 PMCID: PMC10789769 DOI: 10.1038/s41526-024-00346-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2023] [Accepted: 01/02/2024] [Indexed: 01/17/2024] Open
Abstract
Microgravity in space impacts human health. In particular, thyroid cancer, which has a high incidence rate, has been the subject of numerous studies with respect to microgravity. However, most studies have focused on Western follicular thyroid cancer cell lines, while data regarding the effects of microgravity on Asian cell lines are lacking. Therefore, we aimed to investigate the effect of simulated ground-based microgravity on two Korean thyroid cancer cell lines, namely SNU-790 and SNU-80. We found that both cell lines formed multicellular spheroids under simulated microgravity. Gene expression analysis revealed that in SNU-790 cells, histone-related genes were upregulated and microRNA-related genes were downregulated. Meanwhile, in SNU-80 cells, genes related to the cellular response to hypoxia were downregulated. These findings contribute to a better understanding of the effects of microgravity on thyroid cancer cells. Further validation studies and clinical significance analyses are needed to fully understand the implications of these findings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jong-Hyuk Ahn
- Department of Surgery, lnha University College of Medicine, Incheon, Korea
- Department of Surgery, Chungbuk National University Hospital, Cheongju, Korea
| | - Sungyeon Park
- College of Medicine, The Inha University of Korea, Incheon, Republic of Korea
| | - Young Mi Hwang
- Research Institute for Medical Sciences, Inha University Research and Business Foundation, Incheon, Korea
| | - Yun Suk Choi
- Department of Surgery, lnha University College of Medicine, Incheon, Korea
- Department of Surgery, lnha University Hospital, Incheon, Korea
| | - Jin Wook Yi
- Department of Surgery, lnha University College of Medicine, Incheon, Korea.
- Department of Surgery, lnha University Hospital, Incheon, Korea.
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Rashid G, Khan NA, Elsori D, Rehman A, Tanzeelah, Ahmad H, Maryam H, Rais A, Usmani MS, Babker AM, Kamal MA, Hafez W. Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs and biomarkers: A new paradigm in colorectal cancer. Front Med (Lausanne) 2023; 10:1130710. [PMID: 36950511 PMCID: PMC10025514 DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2023.1130710] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2023] [Accepted: 02/08/2023] [Indexed: 03/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Colorectal cancer is a sporadic, hereditary, or familial based disease in its origin, caused due to diverse set of mutations in large intestinal epithelial cells. Colorectal cancer (CRC) is a common and deadly disease that accounts for the 4th worldwide highly variable malignancy. For the early detection of CRC, the most common predictive biomarker found endogenously are KRAS and ctDNA/cfDNA along with SEPT9 methylated DNA. Early detection and screening for CRC are necessary and multiple methods can be employed to screen and perform early diagnosis of CRC. Colonoscopy, an invasive method is most prevalent for diagnosing CRC or confirming the positive result as compared to other screening methods whereas several non-invasive techniques such as molecular analysis of breath, urine, blood, and stool can also be performed for early detection. Interestingly, widely used medicines known as non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) to reduce pain and inflammation have reported chemopreventive impact on gastrointestinal malignancies, especially CRC in several epidemiological and preclinical types of research. NSAID acts by inhibiting two cyclooxygenase enzymes, thereby preventing the synthesis of prostaglandins (PGs) and causing NSAID-induced apoptosis and growth inhibition in CRC cells. This review paper majorly focuses on the diversity of natural and synthetic biomarkers and various techniques for the early detection of CRC. An approach toward current advancement in CRC detection techniques and the role of NSAIDs in CRC chemoprevention has been explored systematically. Several prominent governing mechanisms of the anti-cancer effects of NSAIDs and their synergistic effect with statins for an effective chemopreventive measure have also been discussed in this review paper.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gowhar Rashid
- Department of Amity Medical School, Amity University, Gurugram, India
- *Correspondence: Gowhar Rashid,
| | - Nihad Ashraf Khan
- Department of Biosciences, Jamia Millia Islamia, Central University, New Delhi, India
| | - Deena Elsori
- Faculty of Resillience, Deans Office Rabdan Academy, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
| | - Andleeb Rehman
- Department of Biotechnology, Shri Mata Vaishno Devi University, Katra, India
| | - Tanzeelah
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Kashmir, Srinagar, India
| | - Haleema Ahmad
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Life Sciences, AMU, Aligarh, India
| | - Humaira Maryam
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Life Sciences, AMU, Aligarh, India
| | - Amaan Rais
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Life Sciences, AMU, Aligarh, India
| | - Mohd Salik Usmani
- The Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, JNMCH, AMU, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Asaad Ma Babker
- Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, Gulf Medical University, Ajman, United Arab Emirates
| | - Mohammad Azhar Kamal
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, Alkharj, Saudi Arabia
| | - Wael Hafez
- Department of Internal Medicine, NMC Royal Hospital, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
- The Medical Research Division, Department of Internal Medicine, The National Research Center, Ad Doqi, Egypt
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Wu F, Wang JY, Dorman B, Zeineddin A, Kozar RA. c-Jun-mediated miR-19b expression induces endothelial barrier dysfunction in an in vitro model of hemorrhagic shock. Mol Med 2022; 28:123. [PMID: 36224531 PMCID: PMC9558999 DOI: 10.1186/s10020-022-00550-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2021] [Accepted: 10/03/2022] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Our previous data demonstrated that miR-19b expression was increased in human lung microvascular endothelial cells in-vitro-, in-vivo and in patients with hemorrhagic shock, leading to a decrease in syndecan-1 mRNA and protein and resulting in loss of endothelial barrier function. However, the mechanism underlying increased miR-19b expression remains unclear. The objective of the current study was to determine if c-Jun mediates the early responsive microRNA, miR-19b, to cause endothelial barrier dysfunction. METHOD Human lung microvascular endothelial cells (HLMEC) or HEK293T cells were transfected with c-Jun overexpressing vector, c-Jun siRNA, miR-19b promoter vector, miR-19b mutated promoter vector, miR-19b oligo inhibitor, then subjected to hypoxia/reoxygenation as in-vitro model of hemorrhagic shock. Levels of protein, miRNA, and luciferase activity were measured. Transwell permeability of endothelial monolayers were also determined. Plasma levels of c-Jun were measured in injured patients with hemorrhagic shock. RESULT Hypoxia/reoxygenation induced primary (pri-)miR-19b, mature miR-19b, and c-Jun expression over time in a comparable timeframe. c-Jun silencing by transfection with its specific siRNA reduced both pri-miR-19b and mature miR-19b levels. Conversely, c-Jun overexpression enhanced H/R-induced pri-miR-19b. Studies using a luciferase reporter assay revealed that in cells transfected with vectors containing the wild-type miR-19b promoter and luciferase reporter, c-Jun overexpression or hypoxia/ reoxygenation significantly increased luciferase activity. c-Jun knockdown reduced the luciferase activity in these cells, suggesting that the miR-19b promoter is directly activated by c-Jun. Further, chromatin immunoprecipitation assay confirmed that c-Jun directly bound to the promoter DNA of miR-19b and hypoxia/reoxygenation significantly increased this interaction. Additionally, c-Jun silencing prevented cell surface syndecan-1 loss and endothelial barrier dysfunction in HLMECs after hypoxia/reoxygenation. Lastly, c-Jun was significantly elevated in patients with hemorrhagic shock compared to healthy controls. CONCLUSION Transcription factor c-Jun is inducible by hypoxia/reoxygenation, binds to and activates the miR-19b promoter. Using an in-vitro model of hemorrhagic shock, our findings identified a novel cellular mechanism whereby hypoxia/ reoxygenation increases miR-19b transcription by inducing c-Jun and leads to syndecan-1 decrease and endothelial cell barrier dysfunction. This finding supports that miR-19b could be a potential therapeutic target for hemorrhage shock.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feng Wu
- Shock Trauma Center, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Jian-Ying Wang
- Department of Surgery, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Brooke Dorman
- Shock Trauma Center, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Ahmad Zeineddin
- Shock Trauma Center, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Rosemary Ann Kozar
- Shock Trauma Center, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA.
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Designed miR-19a/b sponge induces apoptosis in lung cancer cells through the PI3K-PTEN-Akt pathway regulation. Mol Biol Rep 2022; 49:8485-8493. [PMID: 35767105 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-022-07670-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2021] [Accepted: 06/01/2022] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are one of the main factors in cancer development and can alter the activity of proto-oncogenic or tumor suppressor genes. The miR-17-92 cluster, which comprises miR-17, miR-18a, miR-19a/b, miR-20a, and miR-92a, has been identified as a biomarker in a variety of cancer types. Among them, miR-19a/b exerts an oncogenic effect by suppressing tumor suppressor genes, including PTEN and TP53INP1in numerous types of cancers, including NSCLC. An miRNA sponge is an mRNA with multiple repetitive sequences that prevents miRNAs from interacting with their targets, thereby inhibiting their action. METHODS AND RESULTS In this study, we designed an miR-19a/b sponge plasmid and transfected it into A549 lung cancer cell lines and analyzed its effects on PTEN and TP53INP1 gene expression as the main miR-19a/b target and apoptosis rate in these cell lines. CONCLUSIONS The findings revealed that miR-19a/b sponge significantly increased PTEN and TP53INP1 mRNA expression. The effect of the sponge on TP53INP1 was much greater than that on PTEN. This is because TP53INP1 is directly (sponge effect) and indirectly (AKT pathway is affected by the P53 gene) affected by this sponge. In addition, compared with the control group, the percentage of primary and secondary apoptosis increased significantly (P value < 0.0001).
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Si L, Yang Z, Ding L, Zhang D. Regulatory effects of lncRNAs and miRNAs on the crosstalk between autophagy and EMT in cancer: a new era for cancer treatment. J Cancer Res Clin Oncol 2022; 148:547-564. [PMID: 35083552 DOI: 10.1007/s00432-021-03892-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2021] [Accepted: 12/15/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Autophagy and EMT (epithelial-mesenchymal transition) are the two principal biological processes and ideal therapeutic targets during cancer development. Autophagy, a highly conserved process for degrading dysfunctional cellular components, plays a dual role in tumors depending on the tumor stage and tissue types. The EMT process is the transition differentiation from an epithelial cell to a mesenchymal-like cell and acquiring metastatic potential. There is evidence that the crosstalk between autophagy and EMT is complex in cancer. In recent years, more studies have shown that long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) and microRNAs (miRNAs) are involved in autophagy, EMT, and their crosstalk. Therefore, accurate understanding of the regulatory mechanisms of lncRNAs and miRNAs in autophagy, EMT and their interactions is crucial for the clinical management of cancers. METHODS An extensive literature search was conducted on the Google Scholar and PubMed databases. The keywords used for the search included: autophagy, EMT, crosstalk, lncRNAs, miRNAs, cancers, diagnostic biomarkers, and therapeutic targets. This search provided relevant articles published in peer-reviewed journals until 2021. Data from these various studies were extracted and used in this review. RESULTS The results showed that lncRNAs/miRNAs as tumor inhibitors or tumor inducers could regulate autophagy, EMT, and their interaction by regulating several molecular signaling pathways. The lncRNAs/miRNAs involved in autophagy and EMT processes could have potential uses in cancer diagnosis, prognosis, and therapy. CONCLUSION Such information could help find and develop lncRNAs/miRNAs based new tools for diagnosing, prognosis, and creating anti-cancer therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lihui Si
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, 130000, China
| | - Zecheng Yang
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, 130000, China.
| | - Lu Ding
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, 130000, China
| | - Duoduo Zhang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, 130000, Jilin Province, China
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MicroRNA as a Biomarker for Diagnostic, Prognostic, and Therapeutic Purpose in Urinary Tract Cancer. Processes (Basel) 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/pr9122136] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The incidence of urologic cancers, including kidney, upper tract urothelial, and bladder malignancies, is increasing globally, with a high percentage of cases showing metastasis upon diagnosis and low five-year survival rates. MicroRNA (miRNA), a small non-coding RNA, was found to regulate the expression of oncogenes and tumor suppressor genes in several tumors, including cancers of the urinary system. In the current review, we comprehensively discuss the recently reported up-or down-regulated miRNAs as well as their possible targets and regulated pathways involved in the development, progression, and metastasis of urinary tract cancers. These miRNAs represent potential therapeutic targets and diagnostic/prognostic biomarkers that may help in efficient and early diagnosis in addition to better treatment outcomes.
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Li AL, Chou CY, Chen CL, Wu KL, Lin SC, Chen HC, Wang MC, Chang CC, Hsu BG, Wu MS, Ma N, Huang CC. The MicroRNA Prediction Models as Ancillary Diagnosis Biomarkers for Urothelial Carcinoma in Patients With Chronic Kidney Disease. Front Med (Lausanne) 2021; 8:726214. [PMID: 34660637 PMCID: PMC8517232 DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2021.726214] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2021] [Accepted: 09/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Urothelial carcinoma is a common urological cancer in chronic kidney disease patients. Cystoscopy and urine cytology are the clinical diagnostic tools for UC. However, cystoscopy is an invasive procedure, while urine cytology showed low sensitivity for low-grade urothelial tumors. High accuracy with non-invasive tools for UC is needed for CKD patients. Our study collected a total of 272 urine and 138 plasma samples to detect the miRNA expression levels for establishing UC signatures from CKD patients. Seventeen candidate miRNAs of biofluids were selected and confirmed by qRT-PCR. Our results showed that urinary miR-1274a and miR-30a-5p expression levels were significantly lower but miR-19a-5p expression levels were higher in UC when compared with CKD. In plasma samples, miR-155-5p, miR-19b-1-5p, miR-378, and miR-636 showed significantly lower expression in UC compared to those with CKD. The Kaplan-Meier curve showed that lower expression of miR-19a, miR-19b, miR-636 and miR-378, and higher expression of miR-708-5p were associated with poor prognosis in patients with bladder cancer. In addition, we produced classifiers for predicting UC by multiple logistic regression. The urine signature was developed with four miRNAs, and the AUC was 0.8211. Eight miRNA expression levels from both urine and plasma samples were examined, and the AUC was 0.8595. Two miRNA classifiers and the nomograms could improve the drawbacks of current UC biomarker screenings for patients with CKD.
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Affiliation(s)
- An-Lun Li
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Engineering, National Central University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Che-Yi Chou
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, Asia University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Chien-Lung Chen
- Department of Nephrology, Landseed International Hospital, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Kun-Lin Wu
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Engineering, National Central University, Taoyuan, Taiwan.,Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, Taoyuan Armed Forces General Hospital, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Shih-Chieh Lin
- Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Hung-Chun Chen
- Division of Nephrology, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Ming-Cheng Wang
- Division of Nephrology, Cheng Kung University Hospital, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Chia-Chu Chang
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, Kuang Tien General Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan.,Department of Nutrition, Hungkuang University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Bang-Gee Hsu
- Division of Nephrology, Buddhist Tzu Chi General Hospital, Hualien, Taiwan
| | - Mai-Szu Wu
- Division of Nephrology, Taipei Medical University and Hospitals, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Nianhan Ma
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Engineering, National Central University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Chiu-Ching Huang
- Division of Nephrology and The Kidney Institute, China Medical University and Hospitals, Taichung, Taiwan
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Chipman AM, Wu F, Kozar RA. Fibrinogen inhibits microRNA-19b, a novel mechanism for repair of haemorrhagic shock-induced endothelial cell dysfunction. BLOOD TRANSFUSION = TRASFUSIONE DEL SANGUE 2021; 19:420-427. [PMID: 33539284 PMCID: PMC8486605 DOI: 10.2450/2021.0361-20] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2020] [Accepted: 12/15/2020] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The benefits of plasma as an adjunct to the treatment of haemorrhagic shock are well established; however, the mechanism by which plasma modulates the endotheliopathy of trauma remains unclear. Our recent data demonstrated a novel role of microRNA-19b in post-haemorrhagic shock endothelial dysfunction via targeting of syndecan-1. Additionally, fibrinogen, as a key component of plasma or an isolated haemostatic protein, protects the endothelium by stabilizing syndecan-1. We therefore hypothesized that fibrinogen would inhibit microRNA-19b to mitigate the endotheliopathy of trauma in a murine model of haemorrhagic shock. MATERIALS AND METHODS C57BL/6J mice were subjected to haemorrhagic shock (mean arterial pressure 35±5 mmHg for 90 minutes) followed by resuscitation with lactated Ringer's, fresh frozen plasma, fibrinogen or no resuscitation. MicroRNA-19b and syndecan-1 mRNA were measured in lung tissue by qRT-PCR. Lungs were stained for histopathologic injury, and broncheoalveolar lavage was collected for protein as a permeability indicator. RESULTS Pulmonary microRNA-19b was increased after haemorrhagic shock and lactated Ringers, but reduced to sham levels by plasma and fibrinogen. Conversely, pulmonary syndecan-1 mRNA was downregulated by haemorrhagic shock and lactated Ringers, but returned to sham levels by plasma and fibrinogen. Plasma and fibrinogen-based resuscitation reduced lung injury compared to haemorrhagic shock and lactated Ringers while fibrinogen also reduced broncheoalveolar lavage protein. DISCUSSION We have demonstrated a novel mechanism by which fibrinogen, a key component of plasma and haemostatic agent, inhibits miR-19b, possibly by mitigating the endotheliopathy of trauma. Complete demonstration of the mechanism of fibrinogen inhibition of endotheliopathy via microRNA, however, remains to be elucidated. These findings support the early and empiric use of fibrinogen in post-haemorrhagic shock resuscitation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amanda M. Chipman
- Department of Surgery, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States of America
- Shock Trauma Center, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States of America
| | - Feng Wu
- Shock Trauma Center, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States of America
| | - Rosemary A. Kozar
- Shock Trauma Center, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States of America
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Xie C, Liu S, Wu B, Zhao Y, Chen B, Guo J, Qiu S, Cao YM. miR-19 Promotes Cell Proliferation, Invasion, Migration, and EMT by Inhibiting SPRED2-mediated Autophagy in Osteosarcoma Cells. Cell Transplant 2021; 29:963689720962460. [PMID: 33023313 PMCID: PMC7784565 DOI: 10.1177/0963689720962460] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Osteosarcoma is an aggressive malignancy with rapid development and poor prognosis. microRNA-19 (miR-19) plays an important role in several biological processes. Sprouty-related EVH1 domain protein 2 (SPRED2) is a suppressor of extracellular signal-regulated kinase/mitogen-activated protein kinase (ERK/MAPK) signaling to inhibit tumor development and progression by promoting autophagy. In this study, we investigated the roles of miR-19, SPRED2, and autophagy in osteosarcoma. We detected the expression of miR-19, SPRED2, epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) markers, and autophagy-related proteins via quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction or western blot. To evaluate the function of miR-19 and SPRED2, we used MTT and colony formation assays to detect cell proliferation, Transwell, and wound-healing assays to detect cell invasion and migration. Targetscan and luciferase reporter assays confirmed the relationship between SPRED2 and miR-19. The expression of miR-19 was significantly upregulated in osteosarcoma, while SPRED2 was downregulated. miR-19 inhibitor reduced cell proliferation, invasion, migration, and EMT, while its cell biological effects were partially reversed by addition of autophagy inhibitor 3-methyladenine (3-MA) or SPRED2 siRNA in osteosarcoma. SPRED2, a suppressor of ERK/MAPK pathway that is known to trigger autophagy, was identified as a direct target of miR-19. SPRED2 overexpression increased cell proliferation, invasion, migration, and EMT by promoting autophagy, and the effects could be inhibited by 3-MA. Collectively, these findings reveal an underlying mechanism for development of osteosarcoma. miR-19 was upregulated in osteosarcoma cells, and negatively regulated SPRED2, thus promoting the malignant transformation of osteosarcoma cells via inhibiting SPRED2-induced autophagy. Therefore, miR-19/SPRED2 may be a potential target for the treatment of osteosarcoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chuhai Xie
- Department of Orthopedics, 220741The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Shengyao Liu
- Department of Orthopedics, 220741The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Boyi Wu
- Department of Orthopedics, 220741The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yu Zhao
- Department of Orthopedics, 220741The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Binwei Chen
- Department of Orthopedics, 220741The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jianhong Guo
- Department of Orthopedics, 220741The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - ShouHong Qiu
- Department of Orthopedics, 220741The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yan-Ming Cao
- Department of Orthopedics, 220741The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
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10
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Role of miRNA-19a in Cancer Diagnosis and Poor Prognosis. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22094697. [PMID: 33946718 PMCID: PMC8125123 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22094697] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2021] [Revised: 04/25/2021] [Accepted: 04/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Cancer is a multifactorial disease that affects millions of people every year and is one of the most common causes of death in the world. The high mortality rate is very often linked to late diagnosis; in fact, nowadays there are a lack of efficient and specific markers for the early diagnosis and prognosis of cancer. In recent years, the discovery of new diagnostic markers, including microRNAs (miRNAs), has been an important turning point for cancer research. miRNAs are small, endogenous, non-coding RNAs that regulate gene expression. Compelling evidence has showed that many miRNAs are aberrantly expressed in human carcinomas and can act with either tumor-promoting or tumor-suppressing functions. miR-19a is one of the most investigated miRNAs, whose dysregulated expression is involved in different types of tumors and has been potentially associated with the prognosis of cancer patients. The aim of this review is to investigate the role of miR-19a in cancer, highlighting its involvement in cell proliferation, cell growth, cell death, tissue invasion and migration, as well as in angiogenesis. On these bases, miR-19a could prove to be truly useful as a potential diagnostic, prognostic, and therapeutic marker.
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Licini C, Avellini C, Picchiassi E, Mensà E, Fantone S, Ramini D, Tersigni C, Tossetta G, Castellucci C, Tarquini F, Coata G, Giardina I, Ciavattini A, Scambia G, Di Renzo GC, Di Simone N, Gesuita R, Giannubilo SR, Olivieri F, Marzioni D. Pre-eclampsia predictive ability of maternal miR-125b: a clinical and experimental study. Transl Res 2021; 228:13-27. [PMID: 32726711 DOI: 10.1016/j.trsl.2020.07.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2020] [Revised: 07/20/2020] [Accepted: 07/23/2020] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Pre-eclampsia (PE) is a systemic maternal syndrome affecting 2-8% of pregnancies worldwide and involving poor placental perfusion and impaired blood supply to the foetus. It manifests after the 20th week of pregnancy as new-onset hypertension and substantial proteinuria and is responsible for severe maternal and newborn morbidity and mortality. Identifying biomarkers that predict PE onset prior to its establishment would critically help treatment and attenuate outcome severity. MicroRNAs are ubiquitous gene expression modulators found in blood and tissues. Trophoblast cell surface antigen (Trop)-2 promotes cell growth and is involved in several cancers. We assessed the PE predictive ability of maternal miR-125b in the first trimester of pregnancy by measuring its plasma levels in women with normal pregnancies and with pregnancies complicated by PE on the 12th week of gestation. To gain insight into PE pathogenesis we investigated whether Trop-2 is targeted by miR-125b in placental tissue. Data analysis demonstrated a significant association between plasma miR-125b levels and PE, which together with maternal body mass index before pregnancy provided a predictive model with an area under the curve of 0.85 (95% confidence interval, 0.70-1.00). We also found that Trop-2 is a target of miR-125b in placental cells; its localization in the basal part of the syncytiotrophoblast plasma membrane suggests a role for it in the early onset of PE. Altogether, maternal miR-125b proved a promising early biomarker of PE, suggesting that it may be involved in placental development through its action on Trop-2 well before the clinical manifestations of PE.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caterina Licini
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, Università Politecnica delle Marche, 60126 Ancona, Italy
| | - Chiara Avellini
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, Università Politecnica delle Marche, 60126 Ancona, Italy
| | - Elena Picchiassi
- Department of Biomedical and Surgical Science, Clinic of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, University of Perugia, 06132 Perugia, Italy
| | - Emanuela Mensà
- Department of Clinical and Molecular Sciences, Università Politecnica delle Marche, 60126 Ancona, Italy
| | - Sonia Fantone
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, Università Politecnica delle Marche, 60126 Ancona, Italy
| | - Deborah Ramini
- Department of Clinical and Molecular Sciences, Università Politecnica delle Marche, 60126 Ancona, Italy
| | - Chiara Tersigni
- Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, U.O.C. di Ostetricia e Patologia Ostetrica, Dipartimento di Scienze della Salute della Donna, del Bambino e di Sanità Pubblica, 00168 Roma, Italy
| | - Giovanni Tossetta
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, Università Politecnica delle Marche, 60126 Ancona, Italy
| | - Clara Castellucci
- Department of Clinical and Molecular Sciences, Università Politecnica delle Marche, 60126 Ancona, Italy
| | - Federica Tarquini
- Department of Biomedical and Surgical Science, Clinic of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, University of Perugia, 06132 Perugia, Italy
| | - Giuliana Coata
- Department of Biomedical and Surgical Science, Clinic of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, University of Perugia, 06132 Perugia, Italy
| | - Irene Giardina
- Centre of Perinatal and Reproductive Medicine, University of Perugia, Italy
| | - Andrea Ciavattini
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Università Politecnica delle Marche, Salesi Hospital, 60123 Ancona, Italy
| | - Giovanni Scambia
- Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, U.O.C. di Ostetricia e Patologia Ostetrica, Dipartimento di Scienze della Salute della Donna, del Bambino e di Sanità Pubblica, 00168 Roma, Italy; Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Istituto di Clinica Ostetrica e Ginecologica, 00168 Roma, Italy
| | - Gian Carlo Di Renzo
- Centre of Perinatal and Reproductive Medicine, University of Perugia, Italy; Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology I.M. Sechenov First State University, Moscow, Russia
| | - Nicoletta Di Simone
- Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, U.O.C. di Ostetricia e Patologia Ostetrica, Dipartimento di Scienze della Salute della Donna, del Bambino e di Sanità Pubblica, 00168 Roma, Italy; Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Istituto di Clinica Ostetrica e Ginecologica, 00168 Roma, Italy
| | - Rosaria Gesuita
- Centre of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Università Politecnica delle Marche, 60126 Ancona, Italy
| | - Stefano R Giannubilo
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Università Politecnica delle Marche, Salesi Hospital, 60123 Ancona, Italy
| | - Fabiola Olivieri
- Department of Clinical and Molecular Sciences, Università Politecnica delle Marche, 60126 Ancona, Italy; Center of Clinical Pathology and Innovative Therapy, IRCCS INRCA National Institute, 60100 Ancona, Italy
| | - Daniela Marzioni
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, Università Politecnica delle Marche, 60126 Ancona, Italy.
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12
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Zeng RJ, Zheng CW, Chen WX, Xu LY, Li EM. Rho GTPases in cancer radiotherapy and metastasis. Cancer Metastasis Rev 2020; 39:1245-1262. [PMID: 32772212 DOI: 10.1007/s10555-020-09923-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2020] [Accepted: 07/28/2020] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Despite treatment advances, radioresistance and metastasis markedly impair the benefits of radiotherapy to patients with malignancies. Functioning as molecular switches, Rho guanosine triphosphatases (GTPases) have well-recognized roles in regulating various downstream signaling pathways in a wide range of cancers. In recent years, accumulating evidence indicates the involvement of Rho GTPases in cancer radiotherapeutic efficacy and metastasis, as well as radiation-induced metastasis. The functions of Rho GTPases in radiotherapeutic efficacy are divergent and context-dependent; thereby, a comprehensive integration of their roles and correlated mechanisms is urgently needed. This review integrates current evidence supporting the roles of Rho GTPases in mediating radiotherapeutic efficacy and the underlying mechanisms. In addition, their correlations with metastasis and radiation-induced metastasis are discussed. Under the prudent application of Rho GTPase inhibitors based on critical evaluations of biological contexts, targeting Rho GTPases can be a promising strategy in overcoming radioresistance and simultaneously reducing the metastatic potential of tumor cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rui-Jie Zeng
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, 515041, China
- The Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology for High Cancer Incidence Coastal Chaoshan Area, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, 515041, China
| | - Chun-Wen Zheng
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, 515041, China
- The Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology for High Cancer Incidence Coastal Chaoshan Area, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, 515041, China
| | - Wan-Xian Chen
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, 515041, China
- The Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology for High Cancer Incidence Coastal Chaoshan Area, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, 515041, China
| | - Li-Yan Xu
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, 515041, China.
- Institute of Oncologic Pathology, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, 515041, China.
| | - En-Min Li
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, 515041, China.
- The Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology for High Cancer Incidence Coastal Chaoshan Area, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, 515041, China.
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13
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Wu F, Wang JY, Chao W, Sims C, Kozar RA. miR-19b targets pulmonary endothelial syndecan-1 following hemorrhagic shock. Sci Rep 2020; 10:15811. [PMID: 32978505 PMCID: PMC7519668 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-73021-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2020] [Accepted: 08/19/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Hemorrhagic shock results in systemic injury to the endothelium contributing to post-shock morbidity and mortality. The mechanism involves syndecan-1, the backbone of the endothelial glycocalyx. We have shown in a rodent model that lung syndecan-1 mRNA is reduced following hemorrhage, whereas the molecular mechanism underlying the mRNA reduction is not clear. In this study, we present evidence that miR-19b targets syndecan-1 mRNA to downregulate its expression. Our results demonstrate that miR-19b was increased in hemorrhagic shock patients and in-vitro specifically bound to syndecan-1 mRNA and caused its degradation. Further, hypoxia/reoxygenation (H/R), our in vitro hemorrhage model, increased miR-19b expression in human lung microvascular endothelial cells, leading to a decrease in syndecan-1 mRNA and protein. H/R insult and miR-19b mimic overexpression comparably exaggerated permeability and enhanced endothelial barrier breakdown. The detrimental role of miR-19b in inducing endothelial dysfunction was confirmed in vivo. Lungs from mice undergoing hemorrhagic shock exhibited a significant increase in miR-19b and a concomitant decrease in syndecan-1 mRNA. Pretreatment with miR-19b oligo inhibitor significantly decreased lung injury, inflammation, and permeability and improved hemodynamics. These findings suggest that inhibition of miR-19b may be a putative therapeutic avenue for mitigating post shock pulmonary endothelial dysfunction in hemorrhage shock.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feng Wu
- Shock Trauma Center, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Jian-Ying Wang
- Cell Biology Group, Department of Surgery, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA.,Baltimore Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Baltimore, MD, USA.,Department of Pathology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Wei Chao
- Department of Anesthesiology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Carrie Sims
- Division of Trauma, Critical Care and Burn, Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Rosemary Ann Kozar
- Shock Trauma Center, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA.
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14
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Liu Z, Yang Y, Yang Z, Xia S, Lin D, Xiao B, Xiu Y. Novel circRNA_0071196/miRNA‑19b‑3p/CIT axis is associated with proliferation and migration of bladder cancer. Int J Oncol 2020; 57:767-779. [PMID: 32705161 PMCID: PMC7384843 DOI: 10.3892/ijo.2020.5093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2019] [Accepted: 06/19/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Circular RNAs (circRNAs) are non-coding RNAs that are connected at the 3′ and 5′ ends by an exon or intron. Studies increasingly show that circRNAs play an important role in tumorigenesis by acting as a 'sponge' for microRNAs (miRNAs), which abrogates the latter's effect on their target mRNAs. To identify a possible circRNA/miRNA/mRNA network in bladder cancer (BCa), we analyzed the circRNA and mRNA expression profiles of BCa and adjacent normal bladder tissues. A total of 127 circRNAs and 1,612 mRNAs were differentially expressed in the tumor tissues, and were primarily associated with cancer-related pathways. A competing endogenous RNAs (ceRNA) network was then constructed which predicted a regulatory axis of circRNA_0071196, miRNA-19b-3p and its target gene citron Rho-interacting serine/threonine kinase (CIT). Luciferase reporter assay validated the relationship between circRNA_0071196 and miRNA-19b-3p and of the latter with CIT. Furthermore, CIT was overexpressed in the BCa tissues, and was found to be correlated with metastasis and tumor histological grade. Knockdown of CIT in the human bladder cancer cell line 5367 significantly inhibited the proliferation, migration and colony formation capacity of the cells, and also upregulated the mediators of the p53 and RhoA-ROCK signaling cascades that regulate cell cycle and migration. Taken together, our findings indicate that circRNA-0071196 upregulates CIT levels in BCa by sponging off miRNA-19b-3p, and the circRNA_0071196/miRNA-19b-3p/CIT axis is a potential therapeutic target in BCa.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zan Liu
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150001, P.R. China
| | - Yang Yang
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150001, P.R. China
| | - Zhe Yang
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150001, P.R. China
| | - Shunyao Xia
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150001, P.R. China
| | - Dasen Lin
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150001, P.R. China
| | - Bang Xiao
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150001, P.R. China
| | - Youcheng Xiu
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150001, P.R. China
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15
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Dong H, Sun S, Yan T, Liang C, Zhu J, Miao C, Qin C, Shao P, Wang Z, Li J, Li P. MicroRNA-195 inhibits proliferation and metastasis in renal cell carcinoma via regulating HMGA1. Am J Transl Res 2020; 12:2781-2792. [PMID: 32655809 PMCID: PMC7344069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2019] [Accepted: 04/29/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Growing evidence indicates that aberrant expression of microRNAs (miRNAs) contributes to tumorigenesis in various human malignancies. In this study we revealed that miR-195 acted as a tumor suppressor in renal cell carcinoma (RCC) through inhibition of HMGA1 expression. qRT-PCR was used to detect the miR-195 expression in RCC tissues and cell lines. RCC cell line Caki-1 and Caki-2 cells were used in this study. The luciferase report assay and rescue assay were performed to identify HMGA1 as the target gene of miR-195. Additionally, Kaplan-Meier method and log-rank test was used to explore the relationship between HMGA1 expression and RCC prognosis. We observed that miR-195 expression was significantly downregulated both in RCC tissues and in RCC cell lines. We observed that miR-195 overexpression inhibits the abilities of RCC cell proliferation, cell cycle progression and metastasis in vitro by targeting HMGA1 via epithelial to mesenchymal transition (EMT) pathway. In clinical specimens, HMGA1 was overexpressed in high-grade RCC when compared with its levels in normal tissues and low-grade RCC cancer, its expression levels were inversely correlated with overall survival. Our findings highlight an important role of miR-195 and HMGA1 in the molecular etiology of RCC, indicating that they can serve as potential biomarkers and therapy targets of RCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huiyu Dong
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine and Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical UniversityNanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Shengjie Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine and Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical UniversityNanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Tao Yan
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine and Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical UniversityNanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Chao Liang
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine and Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical UniversityNanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Jundong Zhu
- Department of Urology, The First People’s Hospital of ChangzhouChangzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Chenkui Miao
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine and Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical UniversityNanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Chao Qin
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine and Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical UniversityNanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Pengfei Shao
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine and Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical UniversityNanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Zengjun Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine and Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical UniversityNanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Jie Li
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine and Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical UniversityNanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Pu Li
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine and Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical UniversityNanjing, Jiangsu, China
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16
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Moorthy S, Byfield FJ, Janmey PA, Klein EA. Matrix stiffness regulates endosomal escape of uropathogenic E. coli. Cell Microbiol 2020; 22:e13196. [PMID: 32083802 DOI: 10.1111/cmi.13196] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2019] [Revised: 02/11/2020] [Accepted: 02/14/2020] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Uropathogenic E. coli (UPEC) infection in vivo is characterized by invasion of bladder umbrella epithelial cells followed by endosomal escape and proliferation in the cytoplasm to form intracellular bacterial communities. By contrast, UPEC infection in tissue culture models results in bacteria being trapped within Lamp1-positive endosomes where proliferation is limited. Pharmacological disruption of the actin cytoskeleton has been shown to facilitate UPEC endosomal escape in vitro and extracellular matrix stiffness is a well-characterized physiological regulator of actin dynamics; therefore, we hypothesized that substrate stiffness may play a role in UPEC endosomal escape. Using functionalized polyacrylamide substrates, we found that at physiological stiffness, UPEC escaped the endosome and proliferated rapidly in the cytoplasm of bladder epithelial cells. Dissection of the cytoskeletal signaling pathway demonstrated that inhibition of the Rho GTPase RhoB or its effector PRK1 was sufficient to increase cytoplasmic bacterial growth and that RhoB protein level was significantly reduced at physiological stiffness. Our data suggest that tissue stiffness is a critical regulator of intracellular bacterial growth. Due to the ease of doing genetic and pharmacological manipulations in cell culture, this model system may provide a useful tool for performing mechanistic studies on the intracellular life cycle of uropathogens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sudha Moorthy
- Department of Biology, Rutgers University-Camden, Camden, New Jersey, USA
| | - Fitzroy J Byfield
- Institute for Medicine and Engineering, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Paul A Janmey
- Institute for Medicine and Engineering, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA.,Department of Physiology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Eric A Klein
- Department of Biology, Rutgers University-Camden, Camden, New Jersey, USA.,Center for Computational and Integrative Biology, Rutgers University-Camden, Camden, New Jersey, USA
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17
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Sun G, Song H, Wu S. miR‑19a promotes vascular smooth muscle cell proliferation, migration and invasion through regulation of Ras homolog family member B. Int J Mol Med 2019; 44:1991-2002. [PMID: 31573047 PMCID: PMC6844633 DOI: 10.3892/ijmm.2019.4357] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2019] [Accepted: 07/10/2019] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Diabetic patients with high glucose exhibit vascular smooth muscle cell (VSMC) alteration. Thrombotic disease is related to erosion of an unstable plaque, the instability of which leads to ruptures, for example, a thin fibrous cap derived from VSMCs. VSMC proliferation, migration and invasion are related to thrombotic diseases, including atherosclerosis. MicroRNA-19a (miR-19a) has been reported to have pleiotropic functions in cancer cell survival, apoptosis and migration. The present study aimed to investigate the effect of miR-19a on VSMC proliferation, migration and invasion, and its mechanism. Cell Counting Kit-8 and a propidium iodide kit were used to determine the proliferation and cycle of VSMCs. A cell migration assay was performed by scratching and Matrigel was used in a cell invasion assay. miR-19a binding to Ras homolog family member B (RHOB), and their protein and mRNA expressions were determined by performing a dual luciferase assay, western blotting and reverse transcription-quantitative PCR, respectively. It was demonstrated that miR-19a promoted the proliferation, migration and invasion of VSMCs, promoted the expressions of dual specificity phosphatase Cdc25A (CDC25A), cyclinD1, matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-2, MMP-9, α-smooth muscle actin (α-SMA) and smooth muscle 22α (SM22α), and inhibited suppressor of cytokine signaling 3 and RHOB expressions in VSMCs, while miR-19a had no effect on the expression of T-cell intracellular antigen-1. The miR-19a site bound to the RHOB gene position and inhibited RHOB to promote VSMC proliferation, invasion and migration, and increased MMP-2, MMP-9, α-SMA and SM22α expressions. The present study suggested that miR-19a could promote VSMC proliferation, migration and invasion via the cyclinD1/CDC25A and MMP/α-SMA/SM22α signaling pathways. Moreover, miR-19a promoted proliferation, migration and invasion via the MMP/α-SMA/SM22α signaling pathway by inhibiting RHOB, suggesting that miR-19a is a possible regulatory factor of RHOB.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gengxin Sun
- Department of Cardiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Medical University, Center for Clinical Medical Research of Cardiovascular Diseases in Shaanxi Province, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710038, P.R. China
| | - Hui Song
- Electrocardiographic Room, Ankang Central Hospital, Ankang, Shaanxi 725000, P.R. China
| | - Suya Wu
- Department of Cardiology, Xingyuan Hospital, Yulin, Shaanxi 719000, P.R. China
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18
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Liu R, Shen L, Qu N, Zhao X, Wang J, Geng J. MiR-19a Promotes Migration And Invasion By Targeting RHOB In Osteosarcoma. Onco Targets Ther 2019; 12:7801-7808. [PMID: 31576138 PMCID: PMC6765345 DOI: 10.2147/ott.s218047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2019] [Accepted: 09/05/2019] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Osteosarcoma is the most common bone tumor with high metastasis and recurrence rate. MicroRNA-19a (miR-19a) has been reported to act as tumor oncogene in multiple cancers. The objective of the study was to explore the molecular mechanisms of miR-19a in osteosarcoma cell migration and invasion. Materials and methods Real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR) and Western blotting were employed to measure the levels of miR-19a and RhoB in osteosarcoma tissues and cell lines. Transwell assay was employed to analyze the tissues and cell lines’ migratory and invasive abilities. Dual luciferase reporter assay was utilized to analyze the association between miR-19a and RhoB. Results MiR-19a was overexpressed in osteosarcoma tissues and cell lines. MiR-19a promoted osteosarcoma cell migration and invasion in vitro. RhoB was thus confirmed as a direct and functional target of miR-19a, and it could partially reverse the function of miR-19a. Knockdown miR-19a inhibited osteosarcoma cell epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) and suppressed osteosarcoma xenograft growth. Conclusion MiR-19a enhanced cell migration, invasion and EMT through RhoB in osteosarcoma. The newly identified miR-19a/RhoB axis provides novel insight into the progression of osteosarcoma and offers a promising target for osteosarcoma therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruidong Liu
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Jinan City People's Hospital, Jinan 271100, People's Republic of China
| | - Liefeng Shen
- Department of Spinal Surgery, The People's Hospital of Zhangqiu Area, Jinan 250200, People's Republic of China
| | - Niyan Qu
- Department of PICU, Qingdao Women and Children's Hospital, Qingdao 266012, People's Republic of China
| | - Xia Zhao
- Medical Insurance Department, Yantai Affiliated Hospital of Binzhou Medical University, Yantai 264100, People's Republic of China
| | - Jialiang Wang
- Department of Radiology, The People's Hospital of Zhangqiu Area, Jinan 250200, People's Republic of China
| | - Jun Geng
- Medical Laboratory Diagnosis Center, Jinan Central Hospital, Jinan 250013, People's Republic of China
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19
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Deng H, Huang C, Wang Y, Jiang H, Peng S, Zhao X. LINC00511 promotes the malignant phenotype of clear cell renal cell carcinoma by sponging microRNA-625 and thereby increasing cyclin D1 expression. Aging (Albany NY) 2019; 11:5975-5991. [PMID: 31434797 PMCID: PMC6738417 DOI: 10.18632/aging.102156] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2019] [Accepted: 08/03/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
The expression pattern and detailed roles of long noncoding RNA LINC00511 in clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC) remain unknown. We measured LINC00511 expression in ccRCC. We clarified the clinical characteristics associated with LINC00511 in ccRCC. We examined the biological roles of LINC00511 in the progression of ccRCC, and we identified the potential mechanisms involved. LINC00511 was upregulated in ccRCC tissues and cell lines. High LINC00511 expression significantly correlated with TNM classification, lymph node metastasis, and short overall survival among patients with ccRCC. Additionally, LINC00511 knockdown restricted ccRCC cell proliferation, colony formation, and metastasis in vitro; accelerated cell cycle arrest at G0–G1 and apoptosis in vitro; and decreased tumor growth in vivo. Investigation of the mechanism revealed that LINC00511 directly interacted with microRNA-625 (miR-625), and the inhibitory effects of the LINC00511 knockdown on malignant characteristics were neutralized by miR-625 silencing. Furthermore, cyclin D1 (CCND1) was identified as a direct target of miR-625 in ccRCC cells. The tumor-suppressive activity of miR-625 upregulation on ccRCC cells was reversed by CCND1 reintroduction. In conclusion, LINC00511 serves as a competing endogenous RNA that regulates CCND1 expression by sponging miR-625 in ccRCC. Hence, the LINC00511/miR-625/CCND1 pathway might be a promising therapeutic target in ccRCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huanghao Deng
- Department of Urology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410011, P.R. China
| | - Changkun Huang
- Department of Urology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410011, P.R. China
| | - Yinhuai Wang
- Department of Urology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410011, P.R. China
| | - Hongyi Jiang
- Department of Urology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410011, P.R. China
| | - Shuang Peng
- Department of Urology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410011, P.R. China
| | - Xiaokun Zhao
- Department of Urology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410011, P.R. China
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20
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Gutierrez E, Cahatol I, Bailey CAR, Lafargue A, Zhang N, Song Y, Tian H, Zhang Y, Chan R, Gu K, Zhang ACC, Tang J, Liu C, Connis N, Dennis P, Zhang C. Regulation of RhoB Gene Expression during Tumorigenesis and Aging Process and Its Potential Applications in These Processes. Cancers (Basel) 2019; 11:cancers11060818. [PMID: 31200451 PMCID: PMC6627600 DOI: 10.3390/cancers11060818] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2019] [Revised: 06/01/2019] [Accepted: 06/06/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
RhoB, a member of the Ras homolog gene family and GTPase, regulates intracellular signaling pathways by interfacing with epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR), Ras, and phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K)/Akt to modulate responses in cellular structure and function. Notably, the EGFR, Ras, and PI3K/Akt pathways can lead to downregulation of RhoB, while simultaneously being associated with an increased propensity for tumorigenesis. Functionally, RhoB, part of the Rho GTPase family, regulates intracellular signaling pathways by interfacing with EGFR, RAS, and PI3K/Akt/mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR), and MYC pathways to modulate responses in cellular structure and function. Notably, the EGFR, Ras, and PI3K/Akt pathways can lead to downregulation of RhoB, while simultaneously being associated with an increased propensity for tumorigenesis. RHOB expression has a complex regulatory backdrop consisting of multiple histone deacetyltransferase (HDACs 1 and 6) and microRNA (miR-19a, -21, and -223)-mediated mechanisms of modifying expression. The interwoven nature of RhoB’s regulatory impact and cellular roles in regulating intracellular vesicle trafficking, cell motion, and the cell cycle lays the foundation for analyzing the link between loss of RhoB and tumorigenesis within the context of age-related decline in RhoB. RhoB appears to play a tissue-specific role in tumorigenesis, as such, uncovering and appreciating the potential for restoration of RHOB expression as a mechanism for cancer prevention or therapeutics serves as a practical application. An in-depth assessment of RhoB will serve as a springboard for investigating and characterizing this key component of numerous intracellular messaging and regulatory pathways that may hold the connection between aging and tumorigenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eutiquio Gutierrez
- College of Osteopathic Medicine of the Pacific, Western University of Health Sciences, 309 E 2nd Street, Pomona, CA 91766, USA.
- Department of Internal Medicine, Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, 1000 W Carson Street, Torrance, CA 90509, USA.
| | - Ian Cahatol
- College of Osteopathic Medicine of the Pacific, Western University of Health Sciences, 309 E 2nd Street, Pomona, CA 91766, USA
- Department of Graduate Medical Education, Community Memorial Health System, 147 N Brent Street, Ventura, CA 93003, USA
| | - Cedric A R Bailey
- College of Osteopathic Medicine of the Pacific, Western University of Health Sciences, 309 E 2nd Street, Pomona, CA 91766, USA
- Department of Pathology and Immunology, Washington University School of Medicine, 509 S Euclid Avenue, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - Audrey Lafargue
- Department of Radiation Oncology and Molecular Radiation Sciences, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, 1550 Orleans Street, Baltimore, MD 21231, USA
| | - Naming Zhang
- Department of Oncology, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, 733 N Broadway, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
| | - Ying Song
- Department of Oncology, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, 733 N Broadway, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
| | - Hongwei Tian
- Department of Oncology, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, 733 N Broadway, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
| | - Yizhi Zhang
- Department of Oncology, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, 733 N Broadway, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
| | - Ryan Chan
- Department of Oncology, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, 733 N Broadway, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
| | - Kevin Gu
- Department of Oncology, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, 733 N Broadway, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
| | - Angel C C Zhang
- Division of Translational Radiation Sciences, Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Maryland, School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA
| | - James Tang
- Division of Translational Radiation Sciences, Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Maryland, School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA
| | - Chunshui Liu
- Division of Translational Radiation Sciences, Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Maryland, School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA
| | - Nick Connis
- Department of Oncology, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, 733 N Broadway, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
| | - Phillip Dennis
- Department of Oncology, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, 733 N Broadway, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
| | - Chunyu Zhang
- Department of Oncology, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, 733 N Broadway, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
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21
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MiR-19a as a prognostic indicator for cancer patients: a meta-analysis. Biosci Rep 2019; 39:BSR20182370. [PMID: 31015372 PMCID: PMC6522715 DOI: 10.1042/bsr20182370] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2018] [Revised: 04/10/2019] [Accepted: 04/17/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
MiR-19a was aberrantly expressed in various types of cancers and was observed to be potentially associated with the prognosis of cancer patients. The present analysis aims to elucidate its precise predictive value in various human malignancies. Online electronic searches of PubMed, Web of Science (WOS), Embase in English and VIP, Wanfang, SinoMed, and the China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI) in Chinese up to September 8, 2018 were conducted. As a result, in overall analysis, a significant association was identified between miR-19a levels and OS (HRs = 2.31, CI: 1.11–4.83). The relation of miR-19a expression to OS was further recognized by fixed model within the studies of sample size less than 150 (HRs = 1.68, CI: 1.35–2.08), NOS scores greater than or equal to 8 (HRs = 1.53, CI: 1.13–2.06) or less than 8 (HRs = 1.89, CI: 1.58–2.27), specimen derived from tumor (HRs = 1.73, CI: 1.42–2.12) or blood (HRs = 1.87, CI: 1.46–2.40) and the patients of osteosarcoma (HRs = 7.17, CI: 5.04–10.21). Sensitivity analyses revealed no significant results. The association between miR-19a expression level and DFS was also found to be significant (HRs = 2.03, CI: 1.13–3.66). Correlations between miR-19a levels and clinicopathological features were examined and revealed that lymph node metastasis was significantly associated with miR-19a expression levels (OR = 0.565, CI: 0.346–0.921). Summarily, the over expression of miR-19a was an underlying risk of poor prognosis in many human malignancies, especially in osteosarcoma. Moreover, elevated miR-19a expression was linked to the potential of lymph node metastasis.
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Grange C, Brossa A, Bussolati B. Extracellular Vesicles and Carried miRNAs in the Progression of Renal Cell Carcinoma. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:ijms20081832. [PMID: 31013896 PMCID: PMC6514717 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20081832] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2019] [Revised: 04/10/2019] [Accepted: 04/11/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The formation and maintenance of renal cell carcinomas (RCC) involve many cell types, such as cancer stem and differentiated cells, endothelial cells, fibroblasts and immune cells. These all contribute to the creation of a favorable tumor microenvironment to promote tumor growth and metastasis. Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are considered to be efficient messengers that facilitate the exchange of information within the different tumor cell types. Indeed, tumor EVs display features of their originating cells and force recipient cells towards a pro-tumorigenic phenotype. This review summarizes the recent knowledge related to the biological role of EVs, shed by renal tumor cells and renal cancer stem cells in different aspects of RCC progression, such as angiogenesis, immune escape and tumor growth. Moreover, a specific role for renal cancer stem cell derived EVs is described in the formation of the pre-metastatic niche. We also highlight the tumor EV cargo, especially the oncogenic miRNAs, which are involved in these processes. Finally, the circulating miRNAs appear to be a promising source of biomarkers in RCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cristina Grange
- Department of Medical Sciences, University of Turin, via Nizza 52, 10126 Turin, Italy.
- Molecular Biotechnology Centre, University of Turin, via Nizza 52, 10126 Turin, Italy.
| | - Alessia Brossa
- Molecular Biotechnology Centre, University of Turin, via Nizza 52, 10126 Turin, Italy.
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, University of Turin, via Nizza 52, 10126 Turin, Italy.
| | - Benedetta Bussolati
- Molecular Biotechnology Centre, University of Turin, via Nizza 52, 10126 Turin, Italy.
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, University of Turin, via Nizza 52, 10126 Turin, Italy.
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Jing ZF, Bi JB, Li ZL, Liu XK, Li J, Zhu YY, Zhang XT, Zhang Z, Li ZH, Kong CZ. miR-19 promotes the proliferation of clear cell renal cell carcinoma by targeting the FRK-PTEN axis. Onco Targets Ther 2019; 12:2713-2727. [PMID: 31043790 PMCID: PMC6463782 DOI: 10.2147/ott.s199238] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The non-receptor tyrosine kinase Fyn-related kinase (FRK) has been reported to affect cell proliferation in several cancer types. However, its effect on the proliferation of clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC) remains largely unknown. Purpose The objective of this study was to investigate the expression pattern and function of FRK in ccRCC. We further determined how FRK interacted with other molecules to regulate ccRCC proliferation. Patients and methods The expression of FRK in ccRCC samples and paired normal renal tissues from 30 patients were analyzed by immunoblotting, immunohistochemistry and quantitative PCR. Then the role of FRK in ccRCC proliferation was analyzed by Cell Counting Kit-8, colony formation assay and EdU incorporation assay. In addition, the miRNA targeting FRK was predicted through a bioinformatic approach and validated by quantitative PCR, immunoblotting and luciferase reporter assay. Finally, the underlying mechanism of FRK regulation of ccRCC proliferation was also determined. Results Low expression of FRK was detected in ccRCC samples and predicted poor survival for ccRCC patients. FRK inhibited the proliferation of ccRCC cells via phosphorylating downstream PTEN. miR-19 was identified as a novel suppressor of FRK in renal cancer cells and it promoted the proliferation of ccRCC by inhibiting the FRK-PTEN axis. Conclusion Our results unravel a new regulatory mechanism involved in ccRCC proliferation and may be useful in the identification of therapeutic targets for ccRCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhi-Fei Jing
- Department of Urology, First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110001, People's Republic of China, ; .,Institute of Urology, China Medical University, Shenyang 110001, People's Republic of China, ;
| | - Jian-Bin Bi
- Department of Urology, First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110001, People's Republic of China, ; .,Institute of Urology, China Medical University, Shenyang 110001, People's Republic of China, ;
| | - Ze-Liang Li
- Department of Urology, First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110001, People's Republic of China, ; .,Institute of Urology, China Medical University, Shenyang 110001, People's Republic of China, ;
| | - Xian-Kui Liu
- Department of Urology, First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110001, People's Republic of China, ; .,Institute of Urology, China Medical University, Shenyang 110001, People's Republic of China, ;
| | - Jun Li
- Department of Urology, First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110001, People's Republic of China, ; .,Institute of Urology, China Medical University, Shenyang 110001, People's Republic of China, ;
| | - Yu-Yan Zhu
- Department of Urology, First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110001, People's Republic of China, ; .,Institute of Urology, China Medical University, Shenyang 110001, People's Republic of China, ;
| | - Xiao-Tong Zhang
- Department of Urology, First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110001, People's Republic of China, ; .,Institute of Urology, China Medical University, Shenyang 110001, People's Republic of China, ;
| | - Zhe Zhang
- Department of Urology, First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110001, People's Republic of China, ; .,Institute of Urology, China Medical University, Shenyang 110001, People's Republic of China, ;
| | - Zhen-Hua Li
- Department of Urology, First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110001, People's Republic of China, ; .,Institute of Urology, China Medical University, Shenyang 110001, People's Republic of China, ;
| | - Chui-Ze Kong
- Department of Urology, First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110001, People's Republic of China, ; .,Institute of Urology, China Medical University, Shenyang 110001, People's Republic of China, ;
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Zhang S, Wang Q, Li D, Huang B, Hou X, Wang D. MicroRNA‑509 targets PAX6 to inhibit cell proliferation and invasion in papillary thyroid carcinoma. Mol Med Rep 2018; 19:1403-1409. [PMID: 30569166 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2018.9750] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2018] [Accepted: 09/28/2018] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs/miRs) negatively regulate the expression of numerous genes and therefore contribute to the occurrence and development of papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC). Hence, further investigation into the specific roles of miRNAs in PTC is valuable for developing effective therapeutic methods for patients with this disease. MiRNA‑509 is dysregulated and serves pivotal roles in several types of human cancer; however, the expression and roles of miR‑509 in PTC and its underlying mechanism require further investigation. In the present study, the expression of miR‑509 in PTC tissues and cell lines was detected and the specific functions of miR‑509 in the progression of PTC were investigated. Additionally, the molecular mechanisms underlying the action of miR‑509 in PTC were determined. The present study demonstrated that miR‑509 was significantly downregulated in PTC tissues and cell lines. MiR‑509 upregulation inhibited the PTC cell proliferation and invasion. Mechanistically, paired box 6 (PAX6) was identified as a novel target of miR‑509 in PTC cells. In clinical PTC samples, miR‑509 was significantly overexpressed and inversely correlated with PAX6 expression. PAX6 restoration effectively reversed the inhibitory effects of miR‑509 overexpression on PTC cell proliferation and invasion. These results demonstrated that miR‑509 may act as a tumor suppressor in PTC by directly targeting PAX6. Thus, miR‑509 may be a potential therapeutic target for the treatment of patients with PTC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuilong Zhang
- Department of Thyroid Surgery, Shanxi Provincial People's Hospital, Taiyuan, Shanxi 030012, P.R. China
| | - Qiang Wang
- Department of Thyroid Surgery, Shanxi Provincial People's Hospital, Taiyuan, Shanxi 030012, P.R. China
| | - Dewei Li
- Department of Thyroid Surgery, Shanxi Provincial People's Hospital, Taiyuan, Shanxi 030012, P.R. China
| | - Bo Huang
- Department of Gastrointestinal Pancreas, Hernia and Abdominal Wall Surgery, Shanxi Provincial People's Hospital, Taiyuan, Shanxi 030012, P.R. China
| | - Xia Hou
- Department of Chest Radiotherapy, Tumor Hospital of Shanxi Province, Taiyuan, Shanxi 030012, P.R. China
| | - Dongliang Wang
- Department of Thyroid Surgery, Shanxi Provincial People's Hospital, Taiyuan, Shanxi 030012, P.R. China
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Calabrese G, Dolcimascolo A, Torrisi F, Zappalà A, Gulino R, Parenti R. MiR-19a Overexpression in FTC-133 Cell Line Induces a More De-Differentiated and Aggressive Phenotype. Int J Mol Sci 2018; 19:ijms19123944. [PMID: 30544640 PMCID: PMC6320980 DOI: 10.3390/ijms19123944] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2018] [Revised: 11/29/2018] [Accepted: 12/06/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
In recent years, microRNAs (miRNAs) have received increasing attention for their important role in tumor initiation and progression. MiRNAs are a class of endogenous small non-coding RNAs that negatively regulate the expression of several oncogenes or tumor suppressor genes. MiR-19a, a component of the oncogenic miR-17-92 cluster, has been reported to be highly expressed only in anaplastic thyroid cancer, the most undifferentiated, aggressive and lethal form of thyroid neoplasia. In this work, we evaluated the putative contribution of miR-19a in de-differentiation and aggressiveness of thyroid tumors. To this aim, we induced miR-19a expression in the well-differentiated follicular thyroid cancer cell line and evaluated proliferation, apoptosis and gene expression profile of cancer cells. Our results showed that miR-19a overexpression stimulates cell proliferation and alters the expression profile of genes related to thyroid cell differentiation and aggressiveness. These findings not only suggest that miR-19a has a possible involvement in de-differentiation and malignancy, but also that it could represent an important prognostic indicator and a good therapeutic target for the most aggressive thyroid cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giovanna Calabrese
- Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, Physiology Section, University of Catania, Catania 95123, Italy.
| | - Anna Dolcimascolo
- Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, Physiology Section, University of Catania, Catania 95123, Italy.
| | - Filippo Torrisi
- Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, Physiology Section, University of Catania, Catania 95123, Italy.
| | - Agata Zappalà
- Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, Physiology Section, University of Catania, Catania 95123, Italy.
| | - Rosario Gulino
- Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, Physiology Section, University of Catania, Catania 95123, Italy.
| | - Rosalba Parenti
- Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, Physiology Section, University of Catania, Catania 95123, Italy.
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26
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Liu Y, Jiao D, Tian Z. MicroRNA‑663 inhibits the proliferation and invasion of clear cell renal cell carcinoma cells by directly targeting PAK4. Mol Med Rep 2018; 19:711-718. [PMID: 30431118 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2018.9652] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2018] [Accepted: 10/16/2018] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Accumulating evidence has demonstrated that microRNAs (miRNAs) are key gene regulators and are abnormally expressed in clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC). The dysregulation of miRNAs has been implicated in the initiation and progression of ccRCC. Therefore, identification of ccRCC‑associated miRNAs may facilitate the determination of promising therapeutic targets for anti‑cancer treatment. In the present study, miRNA‑663 (miR‑663) expression was downregulated in ccRCC tissues and cell lines. Functional experiments suggested that restoration of miR‑663 expression inhibited the proliferation and invasion of ccRCC cells. In addition, p21 activated kinase 4 (PAK4) was validated as a direct target of miR‑663 in ccRCC cells. PAK4 was upregulated in ccRCC tissues, and the expression level of PAK4 was inversely correlated with the miR‑663 expression level. PAK4 restoration partially attenuated the suppressive roles of miR‑663 overexpression on the proliferation and invasion of ccRCC cells. The present results provide novel insight into the mechanism underlying the occurrence and development of ccRCC, suggesting that the miR‑663/PAK4 axis may be a novel therapeutic target for treatment of patients with ccRCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yingying Liu
- Department of Nephrology, China‑Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130033, P.R. China
| | - Dan Jiao
- Department of Ultrasound, China‑Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130033, P.R. China
| | - Zhen Tian
- Department of Cardiology, China‑Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130033, P.R. China
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27
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Wang W, Guo Z, Yu H, Fan L. MiR-216b inhibits osteosarcoma cell proliferation, migration, and invasion by targeting Forkhead Box M1. J Cell Biochem 2018; 120:5435-5443. [PMID: 30302807 DOI: 10.1002/jcb.27822] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2018] [Accepted: 09/12/2018] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Osteosarcoma (OS) is considered the most common type of primary malignant bone tumor, which has a high rate of mortality in children and adolescents. However, the current treatment methods for OS are ineffective. Therefore, there is an urgent requirement to identify the critical targets. This study aimed to identify the roles and significance of microRNA-216b (miR-216b) in OS. To explore the cellular and molecular functions of miR-216b and Forkhead Box M1 (FoxM1) in OS, the expression of miR-216b and FoxM1 at the transcriptional level was measured using quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR). Wound healing assay, 3-[4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl]-2,5 diphenyltetrazolium bromide assay (MTT) assay, flow cytometry, and transwell invasion assay were conducted to study the function of miR-216b and FoxM1 in OS cells. Dual luciferase reporter assay was performed to identify the relationships between miR-216b and FoxM1. qRT-PCR results revealed that miR-216b expression was significantly downregulated, and FoxM1 was observed to be significantly upregulated in human OS cell lines (MG-63) and tissues. MTT data showed that upregulation of miR-216b expression led to cell growth inhibition in MG-63 cells. The results of the invasion assay and wound healing assay illustrated that miR-216b upregulation or FoxM1 downregulation could inhibit the invasion and migration in MG-63 cells. In vivo, the tumor volume was significantly decreased by miR-194 mimic treatment compared with the control group. Furthermore, the results of the luciferase assay indicated that FoxM1 is a direct target of miR-216b. These findings may provide novel insights into the molecular mechanism of miR-216b and FoxM1 in the progression of OS, and suggested that miR-216b may serve as a potential tumor inhibitor of OS by targeting FoxM1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Wang
- Department of Nursing, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China
| | - Zijun Guo
- Department of Nursing, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China
| | - Hong Yu
- Department of Nursing, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China
| | - Ling Fan
- Department of Nursing, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China
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