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Scrobota I, Tig IA, Marcu AO, Potra Cicalau GI, Sachelarie L, Iova G. Evaluation of Immunohistochemical Biomarkers in Diabetic Wistar Rats with Periodontal Disease. J Pers Med 2024; 14:527. [PMID: 38793109 PMCID: PMC11121950 DOI: 10.3390/jpm14050527] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2024] [Revised: 05/11/2024] [Accepted: 05/13/2024] [Indexed: 05/26/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The association of periodontal disease and diabetes is a subject of intense research in terms of etiopathology and treatment options. This research aimed to evaluate the modulation of the local inflammatory status by two natural extracts, curcumin (Cu) and rutin (R), in an experimentally induced diabetes and periodontal disease in Wistar rats. METHODS Fifty Wistar albino rats were randomly assigned to five groups: Control (C), Diabetes-associated Periodontal Disease (DP), Diabetes-associated Periodontal Disease treated with Curcumin (DPCu), Diabetes-associated Periodontal Disease treated with Rutin (DPR), and Diabetes-associated Periodontal Disease treated with both Curcumin and Rutin (DPCuR). Gingival samples were collected from all rats, and immunohistochemical markers CD3, CD20, and CD34 were evaluated to assess the local inflammatory infiltrate. Descriptive statistics were applied (SPSS24 Software, Armonk, NY, USA). RESULTS Rutin, alone or combined with Curcumin, reduced CD3-positive cell levels. Curcumin demonstrated superior efficacy in reducing CD20-positive cells. The combination of Curcumin and Rutin had the most important impact on both markers. Curcumin notably increased immature CD34-positive cell levels. CONCLUSIONS Curcumin and Rutin, either alone or together, hold potential for reducing local inflammation in diabetes-induced periodontal disease in Wistar rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ioana Scrobota
- Department of Dental Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, University of Oradea, 1st Decembrie Street, 410073 Oradea, Romania; (I.S.); (I.A.T.); (G.I.P.C.); (G.I.)
| | - Ioan Andrei Tig
- Department of Dental Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, University of Oradea, 1st Decembrie Street, 410073 Oradea, Romania; (I.S.); (I.A.T.); (G.I.P.C.); (G.I.)
| | - Andrea Olivia Marcu
- Preclinics Department, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, University of Oradea, 410073 Oradea, Romania;
| | - Georgiana Ioana Potra Cicalau
- Department of Dental Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, University of Oradea, 1st Decembrie Street, 410073 Oradea, Romania; (I.S.); (I.A.T.); (G.I.P.C.); (G.I.)
| | - Liliana Sachelarie
- Preclinics Department, Faculty of Medicine, Apollonia University, 700511 Iasi, Romania
| | - Gilda Iova
- Department of Dental Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, University of Oradea, 1st Decembrie Street, 410073 Oradea, Romania; (I.S.); (I.A.T.); (G.I.P.C.); (G.I.)
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2
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Rodríguez-Zhurbenko N, Hernández AM. The role of B-1 cells in cancer progression and anti-tumor immunity. Front Immunol 2024; 15:1363176. [PMID: 38629061 PMCID: PMC11019000 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2024.1363176] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2023] [Accepted: 03/14/2024] [Indexed: 04/19/2024] Open
Abstract
In recent years, in addition to the well-established role of T cells in controlling or promoting tumor growth, a new wave of research has demonstrated the active involvement of B cells in tumor immunity. B-cell subsets with distinct phenotypes and functions play various roles in tumor progression. Plasma cells and activated B cells have been linked to improved clinical outcomes in several types of cancer, whereas regulatory B cells have been associated with disease progression. However, we are only beginning to understand the role of a particular innate subset of B cells, referred to as B-1 cells, in cancer. Here, we summarize the characteristics of B-1 cells and review their ability to infiltrate tumors. We also describe the potential mechanisms through which B-1 cells suppress anti-tumor immune responses and promote tumor progression. Additionally, we highlight recent studies on the protective anti-tumor function of B-1 cells in both mouse models and humans. Understanding the functions of B-1 cells in tumor immunity could pave the way for designing more effective cancer immunotherapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nely Rodríguez-Zhurbenko
- Immunobiology Department, Immunology and Immunotherapy Division, Center of Molecular Immunology, Habana, Cuba
| | - Ana M. Hernández
- Applied Genetics Group, Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Biology, University of Habana, Habana, Cuba
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3
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Tar I, Végh E, Martos R, Soós B, Márton I, Szekanecz Z. Six-Month Follow-Up of Periodontal Condition in Rheumatoid Arthritis and Ankylosing Spondylitis Arthritis Patients Undergoing Anti-Tumour Necrosis Factor-α Therapy. J Clin Med 2024; 13:448. [PMID: 38256582 PMCID: PMC10816203 DOI: 10.3390/jcm13020448] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2023] [Revised: 01/08/2024] [Accepted: 01/12/2024] [Indexed: 01/24/2024] Open
Abstract
In our present study, we aimed to assess the effects of anti-TNF therapy on periodontal condition in a mixed cohort of patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and ankylosing spondylitis (AS). Moreover, we wished to determine whether the baseline dental condition of these patients would affect response to biological therapy. A cohort of 24 arthritis patients was consecutively recruited before starting anti-TNFα therapy. After the dropout of six patients, we evaluated the dental status of 18 subjects at baseline and after 6 months of biological therapy. Clinical responder (R) and non-responder (NR) status was determined after 6 months of anti-TNF treatment. Plaque index (PI), gingival index (GI), bleeding on probing (BOP), probing pocket depth (PPD), PPDmax, clinical attachment loss (CAL), and CALmax were determined. During the 6-month treatment period, six patients (3 RA and 3 AS) terminated the study prematurely as they did not respond to treatment (NR). Therefore, 18 patients were included in the full analysis. There were no major differences in PI, BOP, PPD, PPD max, CAL, and CALmax, among R and NR patients. TNF inhibition resulted in increased GI (0.65 ± 0.34 vs. 0.88 ± 0.30; p < 0.05), as well as decreased PPDmax (4 ± 1.94 vs. 2.72 ± 1.36; p < 0.05) and CALmax (5.22 ± 2.56 vs. 2.72 ± 1.36; p < 0.05) after 6 months. Eight patients had incomplete canal fillings or dead pulps and/or apical periodontitis; six in the R and two in the NR group. In our present study, anti-TNF therapy seemed to worsen the extent of gingival inflammation (GI); however our results also do not support the reduction of mean CPD and CAL as reported by others.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ildikó Tar
- Department of Oral Medicine, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Debrecen, 4032 Debrecen, Hungary;
| | - Edit Végh
- Department of Rheumatology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, 4032 Debrecen, Hungary; (E.V.); (B.S.)
| | - Renáta Martos
- Department of Restorative Dentistry and Endodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Debrecen, 4032 Debrecen, Hungary; (R.M.); (I.M.)
| | - Boglárka Soós
- Department of Rheumatology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, 4032 Debrecen, Hungary; (E.V.); (B.S.)
| | - Ildikó Márton
- Department of Restorative Dentistry and Endodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Debrecen, 4032 Debrecen, Hungary; (R.M.); (I.M.)
| | - Zoltán Szekanecz
- Department of Rheumatology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, 4032 Debrecen, Hungary; (E.V.); (B.S.)
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4
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Sarasati A, Jonarta AL. Potential targets of phytochemical immunomodulatory therapy in periodontitis immunopathogenesis: A narrative review. Saudi Dent J 2023; 35:920-928. [PMID: 38107043 PMCID: PMC10724349 DOI: 10.1016/j.sdentj.2023.08.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2023] [Revised: 08/11/2023] [Accepted: 08/13/2023] [Indexed: 12/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Periodontitis is one of the most prevalent diseases occurring worldwide, and is caused by an imbalance of host immunological defenses and microbiome profile which occurs in the oral cavity. This imbalance leads to irregularity and uncontrolled activities of immune cells, resulting in over-reactivity of periodontopathogens and tissue destruction. To alleviate periodontitis, exact targeting of specific events involving particular cells could be a potential application of immunomodulatory agents. Phytochemical drug development targeting specific immunopathogenesis events could be a promising complementary, alternative approach to periodontal therapy. Objectives This review aimed to explore various events involving a variety of cells in the immunopathogenesis of periodontitis in order to determine potential specific immunomodulation targets for future development of effective phytochemical drugs. Results Immunopathogenesis of periodontitis contributes significantly to the disease onset and resolution. Various events occur during the disease development, which involve a variety of immune cells and mediators. Among these, neutrophils, cytokines and lymphocytes, especially Th17 cells, were reported to be the most relevant components in the disease pathogenesis. These components affect the initial responses to periodontopathogens, inhibit oxidative stress formation, control intercellular communication to enhance inflammation, and promote effector cells' migration to induce alveolar bone resorption. Several phytochemical drugs were developed to cure periodontitis, however, the development of phytochemical immunomodulatory drugs to target specific events has not been realized. Conclusion This review concluded that development of phytochemical immunomodulatory drugs to target particular events generated by neutrophils, pro-inflammatory cytokines and lymphocytes has tremendous potential to regulate and modulate the immunopathogenesis of periodontitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andari Sarasati
- Doctoral Study Program, Faculty of Dentistry, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta 55281, Indonesia
| | - Alma Linggar Jonarta
- Oral Biology Department, Faculty of Dentistry, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta 55281, Indonesia
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Jiang T, Xia T, Qiao F, Wang N, Jiang Y, Xin H. Role and Regulation of Transcription Factors in Osteoclastogenesis. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:16175. [PMID: 38003376 PMCID: PMC10671247 DOI: 10.3390/ijms242216175] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2023] [Revised: 11/01/2023] [Accepted: 11/08/2023] [Indexed: 11/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Bones serve mechanical and defensive functions, as well as regulating the balance of calcium ions and housing bone marrow.. The qualities of bones do not remain constant. Instead, they fluctuate throughout life, with functions increasing in some situations while deteriorating in others. The synchronization of osteoblast-mediated bone formation and osteoclast-mediated bone resorption is critical for maintaining bone mass and microstructure integrity in a steady state. This equilibrium, however, can be disrupted by a variety of bone pathologies. Excessive osteoclast differentiation can result in osteoporosis, Paget's disease, osteolytic bone metastases, and rheumatoid arthritis, all of which can adversely affect people's health. Osteoclast differentiation is regulated by transcription factors NFATc1, MITF, C/EBPα, PU.1, NF-κB, and c-Fos. The transcriptional activity of osteoclasts is largely influenced by developmental and environmental signals with the involvement of co-factors, RNAs, epigenetics, systemic factors, and the microenvironment. In this paper, we review these themes in regard to transcriptional regulation in osteoclastogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tao Jiang
- School of Pharmacy, Naval Medical University, Shanghai 200433, China; (T.J.); (T.X.); (F.Q.)
- School of Pharmacy, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou 350122, China
| | - Tianshuang Xia
- School of Pharmacy, Naval Medical University, Shanghai 200433, China; (T.J.); (T.X.); (F.Q.)
| | - Fangliang Qiao
- School of Pharmacy, Naval Medical University, Shanghai 200433, China; (T.J.); (T.X.); (F.Q.)
| | - Nani Wang
- Department of Medicine, Zhejiang Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Hangzhou 310007, China;
| | - Yiping Jiang
- School of Pharmacy, Naval Medical University, Shanghai 200433, China; (T.J.); (T.X.); (F.Q.)
| | - Hailiang Xin
- School of Pharmacy, Naval Medical University, Shanghai 200433, China; (T.J.); (T.X.); (F.Q.)
- School of Pharmacy, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou 350122, China
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Danielsen AK, Damgaard C, Massarenti L, Østrup P, Riis Hansen P, Holmstrup P, Nielsen CH. B-cell cytokine responses to Porphyromonas gingivalis in patients with periodontitis and healthy controls. J Periodontol 2023; 94:997-1007. [PMID: 36715211 DOI: 10.1002/jper.22-0438] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2022] [Revised: 12/24/2022] [Accepted: 01/17/2023] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cytokine-producing B cells play a well-established role in modifying immune responses in chronic inflammatory diseases. We characterized B-cell cytokine responses against periodontitis-associated bacteria in patients with periodontitis. METHODS Blood and saliva samples were collected from patients with periodontitis grade B (N = 31) or grade C (N = 25), and 25 healthy controls (HCs). Mononuclear cells were stimulated with Porphyromonas gingivalis, Fusobacterium nucleatum, Staphylococcus epidermidis, or Cutibacterium acnes, and B-cell production of tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α, interleukin (IL)-6, interferon (IFN)-γ, IL-10 and transforming growth factor (TGF)-β by B cells was assessed by flow cytometry. RESULTS HCs had higher baseline frequencies of B cells producing IFN-γ or TNF-α than grade B patients, but only B cells from grade B patients showed significant differentiation into IFN-γ-, TNF-α-, TGF-β-, or IL-10-producing cells after challenge with P. gingivalis and into IFN-γ-, TGF-β-, or IL-10-producing cells after challenge F. nucleatum. Notably, the baseline frequency of IL-10-producing B cells from grade C patients correlated inversely with clinical attachment loss (AL). The major proportion of the IFN-γ- and TGF-β-producing B cells were CD27+ memory cells, while the IL-10-producing B cells were mainly CD27- CD5- . CONCLUSIONS B cells from grade B patients, particularly those harboring P. gingivalis, showed proinflammatory B-cell responses to P. gingivalis. Moreover, the baseline frequency of IL-10-producing B cells in the grade C group correlated inversely with AL, suggesting a diminished immunoregulatory capacity of IL-10-producing B cells in these patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anne Katrine Danielsen
- Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, Section for Oral, Biology and Immunopathology, Department of Odontology, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Institute for Inflammation Research, Center for Rheumatology and Spine Diseases, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen University Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Christian Damgaard
- Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, Section for Oral, Biology and Immunopathology, Department of Odontology, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Institute for Inflammation Research, Center for Rheumatology and Spine Diseases, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen University Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Laura Massarenti
- Institute for Inflammation Research, Center for Rheumatology and Spine Diseases, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen University Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Peter Østrup
- Institute for Inflammation Research, Center for Rheumatology and Spine Diseases, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen University Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, Costerton Biofilm Center, Department of Immunology and Microbiology, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Peter Riis Hansen
- Department of Cardiology, Herlev and Gentofte Hospital, University of Copenhagen, Hellerup, Denmark
| | - Palle Holmstrup
- Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, Section for Oral, Biology and Immunopathology, Department of Odontology, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Claus H Nielsen
- Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, Section for Oral, Biology and Immunopathology, Department of Odontology, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Institute for Inflammation Research, Center for Rheumatology and Spine Diseases, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen University Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark
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Abstract
Barrier tissues are the primary site of infection for pathogens likely to cause future pandemics. Tissue-resident lymphocytes can rapidly detect pathogens upon infection of barrier tissues and are critical in preventing viral spread. However, most vaccines fail to induce tissue-resident lymphocytes and are instead reliant on circulating antibodies to mediate protective immunity. Circulating antibody titers wane over time following vaccination leaving individuals susceptible to breakthrough infections by variant viral strains that evade antibody neutralization. Memory B cells were recently found to establish tissue residence following infection of barrier tissues. Here, we summarize emerging evidence for the importance of tissue-resident memory B cells in the establishment of protective immunity against viral and bacterial challenge. We also discuss the role of tissue-resident memory B cells in regulating the progression of non-infectious diseases. Finally, we examine new approaches to develop vaccines capable of eliciting barrier immunity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Changfeng Chen
- Division of Allergy and Immunology, Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, United States
| | - Brian J Laidlaw
- Division of Allergy and Immunology, Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, United States.
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Lobognon VD, Alard JE. Could AMPs and B-cells be the missing link in understanding periodontitis? Front Immunol 2022; 13:887147. [PMID: 36211356 PMCID: PMC9532695 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.887147] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2022] [Accepted: 08/01/2022] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Periodontal diseases are common inflammatory conditions characterized by bone loss in response to simultaneous bacterial aggression and host defenses. The etiology of such diseases is still not completely understood, however. It has been shown that specific pathogens involved in the build-up of dysbiotic biofilms participate actively in the establishment of periodontitis. This multifactorial pathology also depends on environmental factors and host characteristics, especially defenses. The immune response to the pathogens seems to be critical in preventing the disease from starting but also contributes to tissue damage. It is known that small molecules known as antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) are key actors in the innate immune response. They not only target microbes, but also act as immuno-modulators. They can help to recruit or activate cells such as neutrophils, monocytes, dendritic cells, or lymphocytes. AMPs have already been described in the periodontium, and their expression seems to be connected to disease activity. Alpha and beta defensins and LL37 are the AMPs most frequently linked to periodontitis. Additionally, leukocyte infiltrates, especially B-cells, have also been linked to the severity of periodontitis. Indeed, the particular subpopulations of B-cells in these infiltrates have been linked to inflammation and bone resorption. A link between B-cells and AMP could be relevant to understanding B-cells' action. Some AMP receptors, such as chemokines receptors, toll-like receptors, or purinergic receptors, have been shown to be expressed by B-cells. Consequently, the action of AMPs on B-cell subpopulations could participate to B-cell recruitment, their differentiation, and their implication in both periodontal defense and destruction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vanessa Dominique Lobognon
- B lymphocytes, Autoimmunity and Immunotherapies (LBAI), Mixed Research Unit (UMR)1227 INSERM, University of Brest, Brest, France
| | - Jean-Eric Alard
- B lymphocytes, Autoimmunity and Immunotherapies (LBAI), Mixed Research Unit (UMR)1227 INSERM, University of Brest, Brest, France,Service d’Odontologie, University Hospital (CHU) de Brest, Brest, France,*Correspondence: Jean-Eric Alard,
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Quach SS, Zhu A, Lee RSB, Seymour GJ. Immunomodulation—What to Modulate and Why? Potential Immune Targets. FRONTIERS IN DENTAL MEDICINE 2022. [DOI: 10.3389/fdmed.2022.883342] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Despite over 50 years of research into the immunology of periodontal disease, the precise mechanisms and the role of many cell types remains an enigma. Progress has been limited by the inability to determine disease activity clinically. Understanding the immunopathogenesis of periodontal disease however is fundamental if immunomodulation is to be used as a therapeutic strategy. It is important for the clinician to understand what could be modulated and why. In this context, potential targets include different immune cell populations and their subsets, as well as various cytokines. The aim of this review is to examine the role of the principal immune cell populations and their cytokines in the pathogenesis of periodontal disease and their potential as possible therapeutic targets.
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Halperin ST, ’t Hart BA, Luchicchi A, Schenk GJ. The Forgotten Brother: The Innate-like B1 Cell in Multiple Sclerosis. Biomedicines 2022; 10:606. [PMID: 35327408 PMCID: PMC8945227 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines10030606] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2022] [Revised: 02/21/2022] [Accepted: 03/01/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a neurodegenerative disease of the central nervous system (CNS), traditionally considered a chronic autoimmune attack against the insulating myelin sheaths around axons. However, the exact etiology has not been identified and is likely multi-factorial. Recently, evidence has been accumulating that implies that autoimmune processes underlying MS may, in fact, be triggered by pathological processes initiated within the CNS. This review focuses on a relatively unexplored immune cell-the "innate-like" B1 lymphocyte. The B1 cell is a primary-natural-antibody- and anti-inflammatory-cytokine-producing cell present in the healthy brain. It has been recently shown that its frequency and function may differ between MS patients and healthy controls, but its exact involvement in the MS pathogenic process remains obscure. In this review, we propose that this enigmatic cell may play a more prominent role in MS pathology than ever imagined. We aim to shed light on the human B1 cell in health and disease, and how dysregulation in its delicate homeostatic role could impact MS. Furthermore, novel therapeutic avenues to restore B1 cells' beneficial functions will be proposed.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Antonio Luchicchi
- Department of Anatomy and Neurosciences, Amsterdam Neuroscience, MS Center Amsterdam, Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit, 1081 HZ Amsterdam, The Netherlands; (S.T.H.); (B.A.’t.H.)
| | - Geert J. Schenk
- Department of Anatomy and Neurosciences, Amsterdam Neuroscience, MS Center Amsterdam, Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit, 1081 HZ Amsterdam, The Netherlands; (S.T.H.); (B.A.’t.H.)
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11
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Irwandi RA, Kuswandani SO, Harden S, Marletta D, D'Aiuto F. Circulating inflammatory cell profiling and periodontitis: A systematic review and meta-analysis. J Leukoc Biol 2022; 111:1069-1096. [PMID: 35199874 DOI: 10.1002/jlb.5ru1021-524r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2021] [Revised: 01/14/2022] [Accepted: 01/31/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Inflammation is a key driver of common noncommunicable diseases. Among common triggers of inflammation, chronic gingival inflammation (periodontitis) triggers a consistent humoral host inflammatory response, but little is known on its impact on circulating inflammatory cell profiles. We aimed to systematically appraise all the evidence linking periodontitis and its treatment to circulating inflammatory cell profiles. From 6 databases, 157 studies were eligible for qualitative synthesis and 29 studies for meta-analysis. Our meta-analysis showed that participants with periodontitis exhibited a significant mean increase in circulating CD4+ , CD4+ CD45RO+ , IFNγ-expressing CD4+ and CD8+ T cells, CD19+ CD27+ and CD5+ B cells, CD14+ CD16+ monocytes, and CD16+ neutrophils but decrease in CD8+ T and CD14++ CD16- monocytes. Our qualitative synthesis revealed that peripheral blood neutrophils of patients with periodontitis consistently showed elevated production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) when compared with those of healthy controls. Some evidence suggested that the treatment of periodontitis reversed the exaggerated ROS production, but limited and inconclusive data were found on several circulating inflammatory cell profiling. We conclude that periodontitis and its treatment are associated with minor but consistent alterations in circulating inflammatory cell profiles. These changes could represent key mechanisms explaining the association of periodontitis with other comorbidities such as cardiovascular disease, diabetes, and rheumatoid arthritis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rizky A Irwandi
- Periodontology Unit, Eastman Dental Institute, University College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Sandra O Kuswandani
- Periodontology Unit, Eastman Dental Institute, University College London, London, United Kingdom.,Department of Periodontology, Faculty of Dentistry, Universitas Indonesia, Jakarta, Indonesia
| | - Simon Harden
- Department of Statistical Science, University College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Debora Marletta
- Cruciform Hub, University College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Francesco D'Aiuto
- Periodontology Unit, Eastman Dental Institute, University College London, London, United Kingdom
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12
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Elebyary O, Barbour A, Fine N, Tenenbaum HC, Glogauer M. The Crossroads of Periodontitis and Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma: Immune Implications and Tumor Promoting Capacities. FRONTIERS IN ORAL HEALTH 2022; 1:584705. [PMID: 35047982 PMCID: PMC8757853 DOI: 10.3389/froh.2020.584705] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2020] [Accepted: 09/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Periodontitis (PD) is increasingly considered to interact with and promote a number of inflammatory diseases, including cancer. In the case of oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) the local inflammatory response associated with PD is capable of triggering altered cellular events that can promote cancer cell invasion and proliferation of existing primary oral carcinomas as well as supporting the seeding of metastatic tumor cells into the gingival tissue giving rise to secondary tumors. Both the immune and stromal components of the periodontium exhibit phenotypic alterations and functional differences during PD that result in a microenvironment that favors cancer progression. The inflammatory milieu in PD is ideal for cancer cell seeding, migration, proliferation and immune escape. Understanding the interactions governing this attenuated anti-tumor immune response is vital to unveil unexplored preventive or therapeutic possibilities. Here we review the many commonalities between the oral-inflammatory microenvironment in PD and oral-inflammatory responses that are associated with OSCC progression, and how these conditions can act to promote and sustain the hallmarks of cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Omnia Elebyary
- Faculty of Dentistry, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | | | - Noah Fine
- Faculty of Dentistry, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Howard C Tenenbaum
- Faculty of Dentistry, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada.,Department of Dentistry, Centre for Advanced Dental Research and Care, Mount Sinai Hospital, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Michael Glogauer
- Faculty of Dentistry, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada.,Department of Dentistry, Centre for Advanced Dental Research and Care, Mount Sinai Hospital, Toronto, ON, Canada.,Department of Dental Oncology, Maxillofacial and Ocular Prosthetics, Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, Toronto, ON, Canada
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13
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Update on B Cell Response in Periodontitis. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2022; 1373:175-193. [DOI: 10.1007/978-3-030-96881-6_9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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Settem RP, Honma K, Chinthamani S, Kawai T, Sharma A. B-Cell RANKL Contributes to Pathogen-Induced Alveolar Bone Loss in an Experimental Periodontitis Mouse Model. Front Physiol 2021; 12:722859. [PMID: 34594237 PMCID: PMC8476884 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2021.722859] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2021] [Accepted: 08/09/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Periodontitis is a bacterially-induced inflammatory disease that leads to tooth loss. It results from the damaging effects of a dysregulated immune response, mediated largely by neutrophils, macrophages, T cells and B cells, on the tooth-supporting tissues including the alveolar bone. Specifically, infiltrating B cells at inflamed gingival sites with an ability to secrete RANKL and inflammatory cytokines are thought to play roles in alveolar bone resorption. However, the direct contribution of B cells in alveolar bone resorption has not been fully appreciated. In this study we sought to define the contribution of RANKL expressing B cells in periodontitis by employing a mouse model of pathogen-induced periodontitis that used conditional knockout mice with B cell-targeted RANKL deletion. Briefly, alveolar bone loss was assessed in the wild-type, B-cell deficient (Jh), or B-cell-RANKL deleted (RANKLΔB) mice orally infected with the periodontal pathogen Tannerella forsythia. The RANKLΔB mice were obtained by crossing Cd19-Cre knock-in mice with mice homozygous for conditional RANKL-flox allele (RANKLflox/flox). The alveolar bone resorption was determined by morphometric analysis and osteoclastic activity of the jaw bone. In addition, the bone resorptive potential of the activated effector B cells was assessed ex vivo. The data showed that the RANKL producing B cells increased significantly in the T. forsythia-infected wild-type mice compared to the sham-infected mice. Moreover, T. forsythia-infection induced higher alveolar bone loss in the wild-type and RANKLflox/flox mice compared to infection either in the B cell deficient (Jh) or the B-cell specific RANKL deletion (RANKLΔB) mice. These data established that the oral-pathogen activated B cells contribute significantly to alveolar bone resorption via RANKL production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rajendra P. Settem
- Department of Oral Biology, University at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY, United States
| | - Kiyonobu Honma
- Department of Oral Biology, University at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY, United States
| | | | - Toshihisa Kawai
- Department of Periodontology, College of Dental Medicine, Nova Southeastern University (NSU), Fort Lauderdale, FL, United States
| | - Ashu Sharma
- Department of Oral Biology, University at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY, United States
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15
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Hathaway-Schrader JD, Novince CM. Maintaining homeostatic control of periodontal bone tissue. Periodontol 2000 2021; 86:157-187. [PMID: 33690918 DOI: 10.1111/prd.12368] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Alveolar bone is a unique osseous tissue due to the proximity of dental plaque biofilms. Periodontal health and homeostasis are mediated by a balanced host immune response to these polymicrobial biofilms. Dysbiotic shifts within dental plaque biofilms can drive a proinflammatory immune response state in the periodontal epithelial and gingival connective tissues, which leads to paracrine signaling to subjacent bone cells. Sustained chronic periodontal inflammation disrupts "coupled" osteoclast-osteoblast actions, which ultimately result in alveolar bone destruction. This chapter will provide an overview of alveolar bone physiology and will highlight why the oral microbiota is a critical regulator of alveolar bone remodeling. The ecology of dental plaque biofilms will be discussed in the context that periodontitis is a polymicrobial disruption of host homeostasis. The pathogenesis of periodontal bone loss will be explained from both a historical and current perspective, providing the opportunity to revisit the role of fibrosis in alveolar bone destruction. Periodontal immune cell interactions with bone cells will be reviewed based on our current understanding of osteoimmunological mechanisms influencing alveolar bone remodeling. Lastly, probiotic and prebiotic interventions in the oral microbiota will be evaluated as potential noninvasive therapies to support alveolar bone homeostasis and prevent periodontal bone loss.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jessica D Hathaway-Schrader
- Department of Oral Health Sciences, College of Dental Medicine, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina, USA
| | - Chad M Novince
- Department of Oral Health Sciences, College of Dental Medicine, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina, USA
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16
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Abstract
Objectives: CD43 can be useful in routine flow cytometry. We conducted a systematic review aiming to describe when CD43 is used by flow cytometry in malignant hematology and to determine its value in these settings. Methods: Systematic review of MEDLINE (search 'CD43' AND 'flow cytometry,' starting in 2010). Results: Twenty-one of 103 entries retrieved were included in this systematic review. CD43 is used in three settings: 1) in the classification of mature B cell lymphoproliferative disorders, 2) as part of a strategy to quantify residual disease in chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) and 3) to help classify CD10-positive B cell populations. In this section, the published data is summarized, the clinical usefulness in each of these settings is evaluated and illustrative cases are shown. Conclusion: CD43 has a growing role in the diagnosis and management of B cell malignancies; it has become essential for the classification of B cell lymphoproliferative disorders and may be of help in the differential diagnosis of CD10-positive lymphomas by FC. It is also required for optimal quantification of CLL residual disease, which will soon be used to guide therapeutic decisions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marc Sorigue
- Hematology Laboratory, ICO-Hospital Germans Trias I Pujol, Functional Cytomics- IJC, Universitat Autònoma De Barcelona , Badalona, Spain
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17
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Hypothesis: Rheumatoid arthritis and periodontitis: A new possible link via prolactin hormone. Med Hypotheses 2020; 146:110350. [PMID: 33189451 DOI: 10.1016/j.mehy.2020.110350] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2020] [Revised: 10/09/2020] [Accepted: 10/16/2020] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
Rheumatoid arthritis and periodontitis are two common chronic inflammatory diseases affecting human population worldwide. The association between the two conditions have been the focus of many researches, trying to explore the possible mechanisms underlying this association. Prolactin hormone, besides its known lactogenic effects acts as a cytokine secreted from various tissues other than the pituitary gland with multiple pleotropic actions in immunity and inflammation. Several data showed that prolactin levels are increased significantly in the synovial and periodontal tissues, and this increase is correlated with disease activity and tissue destruction. Our hypothesis suggests that local prolactin can represent a link between the two conditions. In this work, we suggest a possible mechanistic interactions, hypothesized to form a common path linking between rheumatoid arthritis, periodontitis and prolactin. This is because of the need to develop new treatment strategies for the most effective long term control of inflammation in both conditions.
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18
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Lee YH, Baharuddin NA, Chan SW, Rahman MT, Bartold PM, Sockalingam S, Vaithilingam RD. Localisation of citrullinated and carbamylated proteins in inflamed gingival tissues from rheumatoid arthritis patients. Clin Oral Investig 2020; 25:1441-1450. [PMID: 32656595 DOI: 10.1007/s00784-020-03452-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2020] [Accepted: 07/07/2020] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES It has been proposed that citrullination and carbamylation occur in the inflamed periodontium and could be the plausible mechanisms for the generation of antigens involved in the development and progression of RA. The purpose of this study was to determine the presence and location of citrullinated and carbamylated proteins in the gingival tissues and compare their abundance in periodontitis (PD) patients with or without RA. MATERIALS AND METHODS Gingival tissue samples of healthy (n = 5), PD with RA (n = 5) and PD without RA (n = 5) were collected. Specimens were formalin fixed, paraffin embedded and sectioned at 4 μm. The tissue sections were analysed for the presence of citrullinated and carbamylated proteins by immunohistochemistry. Semi-quantitative analysis was performed to quantify and compare the protein abundance between groups. RESULTS The number of cells containing citrullinated and carbamylated proteins with higher intensity was markedly increased in gingival tissues from PD with or without RA in comparison with healthy controls. CONCLUSION Inflamed gingival tissue is a potential source of citrullinated and carbamylated proteins other than synovial tissues. The extent to which the local accumulation of these proteins contributes to the pathogenesis of RA needs further elucidation. CLINICAL RELEVANCE If PD is a potential source of post-translationally modified proteins, untreated PD should not be taken lightly in the context of RA. Hence, addressing gingival inflammation should be viewed as an important preventive measure in the general population not only for the progression of periodontal disease but also reducing the risk of developing extra-oral comorbidities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yin Hui Lee
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Malaya, 50603, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Nor Adinar Baharuddin
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Malaya, 50603, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Siew Wui Chan
- Department of Oral & Maxillofacial Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Malaya, 50603, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | | | - P Mark Bartold
- Department of Dentistry, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, Australia
| | - Sargunan Sockalingam
- Department of Rheumatology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, 50603, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Rathna Devi Vaithilingam
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Malaya, 50603, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
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19
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Hetta HF, Mwafey IM, Batiha GES, Alomar SY, Mohamed NA, Ibrahim MA, Elkady A, Meshaal AK, Alrefai H, Khodeer DM, Zahran AM. CD19 + CD24 hi CD38 hi Regulatory B Cells and Memory B Cells in Periodontitis: Association with Pro-Inflammatory and Anti-Inflammatory Cytokines. Vaccines (Basel) 2020; 8:vaccines8020340. [PMID: 32604936 PMCID: PMC7350217 DOI: 10.3390/vaccines8020340] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2020] [Revised: 06/20/2020] [Accepted: 06/23/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Regulatory B cells (Bregs) are unique subpopulations of B cells with immune-regulating or immune-suppressing properties and play a role in peripheral tolerance. Due to the current limitations of human Breg studies among periodontal diseases, in the present study, we tried to analyze the change in circulating Bregs, pro-inflammatory, and anti-inflammatory cytokines in patients with periodontitis. Peripheral blood from 55 patients with stage 2 periodontitis and 20 healthy controls was analyzed using flow cytometry to evaluate the frequency of CD19+CD24+CD38+ Breg cells. ELISA was used to assess the serum levels of the pro-inflammatory cytokines, including interleukins (IL)-1β, IL-6, TNF-α, and anti-inflammatory cytokines including IL-10, IL-35, and TGF-β. Increased proportions of Breg cells were observed in patients with stage 2 periodontitis compared to controls. Serum levels of cytokines were significantly higher in patients with periodontitis compared to controls. A significant positive correlation was observed between the frequencies of Breg cells and IL35 levels, IL10 levels, and TGF-β. In conclusion, our results suggest that the increase in peripheral Breg cells and serum cytokine levels among periodontitis patients seems to be closely associated with disease progression, a possible link between periodontitis, and systemic inflammatory process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Helal F. Hetta
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH 45267-0595, USA
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Assiut University, Assiut 71515, Egypt;
- Correspondence:
| | - Ibrahim M. Mwafey
- Department of Oral Medicine and Periodontology Diagnosis and Oral Radiology, Al-Azhar University, Assiut Branch, Assiut 71524, Egypt;
| | - Gaber El-Saber Batiha
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Faculty of Veterinary Medicines, Damanhour University, Damanhour 22511, Egypt;
| | - Suliman Y. Alomar
- Doping Research Chair, Department of Zoology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh 11495, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Nahed A. Mohamed
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Assiut University, Assiut 71515, Egypt;
| | - Maggie A. Ibrahim
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Assiut University, Assiut 71515, Egypt;
| | - Abeer Elkady
- Department of Clinical and Chemical Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, South Valley University, Qena 83523, Egypt;
| | - Ahmed Kh. Meshaal
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, Faculty of Science, Al-Azhar University, Assiut 71524, Egypt;
| | - Hani Alrefai
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Mansoura University, Mansoura 35516, Egypt;
| | - Dina M. Khodeer
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Suez Canal University, Ismailia 41522, Egypt;
| | - Asmaa M. Zahran
- Department of Clinical Pathology, South Egypt Cancer Institute, Assiut University, Assiut 71524, Egypt;
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20
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Gruber R. Osteoimmunology: Inflammatory osteolysis and regeneration of the alveolar bone. J Clin Periodontol 2019; 46 Suppl 21:52-69. [PMID: 30623453 DOI: 10.1111/jcpe.13056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 81] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2018] [Revised: 11/09/2018] [Accepted: 12/06/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
AIM Osteoimmunology covers the cellular and molecular mechanisms responsible for inflammatory osteolysis that culminates in the degradation of alveolar bone. Osteoimmunology also focuses on the interplay of immune cells with bone cells during bone remodelling and regeneration. The aim of this review was to provide insights into how osteoimmunology affects alveolar bone health and disease. METHOD This review is based on a narrative approach to assemble mouse models that provide insights into the cellular and molecular mechanisms causing inflammatory osteolysis and on the impact of immune cells on alveolar bone regeneration. RESULTS Mouse models have revealed the molecular pathways by which microbial and other factors activate immune cells that initiate an inflammatory response. The inflammation-induced alveolar bone loss occurs with the concomitant suppression of bone formation. Mouse models also showed that immune cells contribute to the resolution of inflammation and bone regeneration, even though studies with a focus on alveolar socket healing are rare. CONCLUSIONS Considering that osteoimmunology is evolutionarily conserved, osteolysis removes the cause of inflammation by provoking tooth loss. The impact of immune cells on bone regeneration is presumably a way to reinitiate the developmental mechanisms of intramembranous and endochondral bone formation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Reinhard Gruber
- Department of Oral Biology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria.,Department of Periodontology, School of Dental Medicine, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
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21
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Kumar G, Roger PM. From Crosstalk between Immune and Bone Cells to Bone Erosion in Infection. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:E5154. [PMID: 31627424 PMCID: PMC6834200 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20205154] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2019] [Revised: 10/05/2019] [Accepted: 10/15/2019] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Bone infection and inflammation leads to the infiltration of immune cells at the site of infection, where they modulate the differentiation and function of osteoclasts and osteoblasts by the secretion of various cytokines and signal mediators. In recent years, there has been a tremendous effort to understand the cells involved in these interactions and the complex pathways of signal transduction and their ultimate effect on bone metabolism. These crosstalk mechanisms between the bone and immune system finally emerged, forming a new field of research called osteoimmunology. Diseases falling into the category of osteoimmunology, such as osteoporosis, periodontitis, and bone infections are considered to have a significant implication in mortality and morbidity of patients, along with affecting their quality of life. There is a much-needed research focus in this new field, as the reported data on the immunomodulation of immune cells and their signaling pathways seems to have promising therapeutic benefits for patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gaurav Kumar
- Unité 576, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, 06200 Nice, France.
- Arthritis and Clinical Immunology, Oklahoma Medical Research Foundation, Oklahoma City, OK 73104, USA.
| | - Pierre-Marie Roger
- Unité 576, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, 06200 Nice, France.
- Service d'Infectiologie, Hôpital Archet 1, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Nice, Université de Nice Sophia-Antipolis, 06200 Nice, France.
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22
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Emerging role of innate B1 cells in the pathophysiology of autoimmune and neuroimmune diseases: Association with inflammation, oxidative and nitrosative stress and autoimmune responses. Pharmacol Res 2019; 148:104408. [DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2019.104408] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2019] [Revised: 08/20/2019] [Accepted: 08/21/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
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23
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Figueredo CM, Lira-Junior R, Love RM. T and B Cells in Periodontal Disease: New Functions in A Complex Scenario. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:ijms20163949. [PMID: 31416146 PMCID: PMC6720661 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20163949] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2019] [Revised: 08/09/2019] [Accepted: 08/13/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Periodontal disease is characterised by a dense inflammatory infiltrate in the connective tissue. When the resolution is not achieved, the activation of T and B cells is crucial in controlling chronic inflammation through constitutive cytokine secretion and modulation of osteoclastogenesis. The present narrative review aims to overview the recent findings of the importance of T and B cell subsets, as well as their cytokine expression, in the pathogenesis of the periodontal disease. T regulatory (Treg), CD8+ T, and tissue-resident γδ T cells are important to the maintenance of gingival homeostasis. In inflamed gingiva, however, the secretion of IL-17 and secreted osteoclastogenic factor of activated T cells (SOFAT) by activated T cells is crucial to induce osteoclastogenesis via RANKL activation. Moreover, the capacity of mucosal-associated invariant T cells (MAIT cells) to produce cytokines, such as IFN-γ, TNF-α, and IL-17, might indicate a critical role of such cells in the disease pathogenesis. Regarding B cells, low levels of memory B cells in clinically healthy periodontium seem to be important to avoid bone loss due to the subclinical inflammation that occurs. On the other hand, they can exacerbate alveolar bone loss in a receptor activator of nuclear factor kappa-B ligand (RANKL)-dependent manner and affect the severity of periodontitis. In conclusion, several new functions have been discovered and added to the complex knowledge about T and B cells, such as possible new functions for Tregs, the role of SOFAT, and MAIT cells, as well as B cells activating RANKL. The activation of distinct T and B cell subtypes is decisive in defining whether the inflammatory lesion will stabilise as chronic gingivitis or will progress to a tissue destructive periodontitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- C M Figueredo
- School of Dentistry and Oral Health, Griffith University, Queensland 4222, Australia.
- Menzies Health Institute Queensland, Griffith University, Gold Coast, QLD 4222, Australia.
| | - R Lira-Junior
- Division of Oral Diseases, Department of Dental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, 141 04 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - R M Love
- School of Dentistry and Oral Health, Griffith University, Queensland 4222, Australia
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24
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Alvarez C, Monasterio G, Cavalla F, Córdova LA, Hernández M, Heymann D, Garlet GP, Sorsa T, Pärnänen P, Lee HM, Golub LM, Vernal R, Kantarci A. Osteoimmunology of Oral and Maxillofacial Diseases: Translational Applications Based on Biological Mechanisms. Front Immunol 2019; 10:1664. [PMID: 31379856 PMCID: PMC6657671 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2019.01664] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2018] [Accepted: 07/03/2019] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
The maxillofacial skeleton is highly dynamic and requires a constant equilibrium between the bone resorption and bone formation. The field of osteoimmunology explores the interactions between bone metabolism and the immune response, providing a context to study the complex cellular and molecular networks involved in oro-maxillofacial osteolytic diseases. In this review, we present a framework for understanding the potential mechanisms underlying the immuno-pathobiology in etiologically-diverse diseases that affect the oral and maxillofacial region and share bone destruction as their common clinical outcome. These otherwise different pathologies share similar inflammatory pathways mediated by central cellular players, such as macrophages, T and B cells, that promote the differentiation and activation of osteoclasts, ineffective or insufficient bone apposition by osteoblasts, and the continuous production of osteoclastogenic signals by immune and local stromal cells. We also present the potential translational applications of this knowledge based on the biological mechanisms involved in the inflammation-induced bone destruction. Such applications can be the development of immune-based therapies that promote bone healing/regeneration, the identification of host-derived inflammatory/collagenolytic biomarkers as diagnostics tools, the assessment of links between oral and systemic diseases; and the characterization of genetic polymorphisms in immune or bone-related genes that will help diagnosis of susceptible individuals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carla Alvarez
- Forsyth Institute, Cambridge, MA, United States
- Periodontal Biology Laboratory, Faculty of Dentistry, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Gustavo Monasterio
- Periodontal Biology Laboratory, Faculty of Dentistry, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Franco Cavalla
- Department of Conservative Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Luis A. Córdova
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Faculty of Dentistry, San Jose's Hospital and Clínica Las Condes, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Marcela Hernández
- Periodontal Biology Laboratory, Faculty of Dentistry, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Dominique Heymann
- INSERM, UMR 1232, LabCT, CRCINA, Institut de Cancérologie de l'Ouest, Université de Nantes, Université d'Angers, Saint-Herblain, France
| | - Gustavo P. Garlet
- Department of Biological Sciences, Bauru School of Dentistry, University of São Paulo, Bauru, Brazil
| | - Timo Sorsa
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Diseases, University of Helsinki, Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
- Department of Oral Diseases, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Pirjo Pärnänen
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Diseases, University of Helsinki, Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Hsi-Ming Lee
- Department of Oral Biology and Pathology, School of Dental Medicine, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY, United States
| | - Lorne M. Golub
- Department of Oral Biology and Pathology, School of Dental Medicine, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY, United States
| | - Rolando Vernal
- Periodontal Biology Laboratory, Faculty of Dentistry, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
- Dentistry Unit, Faculty of Health Sciences, Universidad Autónoma de Chile, Santiago, Chile
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25
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Leng Y, Romero R, Xu Y, Galaz J, Slutsky R, Arenas-Hernandez M, Garcia-Flores V, Motomura K, Hassan SS, Reboldi A, Gomez-Lopez N. Are B cells altered in the decidua of women with preterm or term labor? Am J Reprod Immunol 2019; 81:e13102. [PMID: 30768818 DOI: 10.1111/aji.13102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2018] [Revised: 01/26/2019] [Accepted: 02/06/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
PROBLEM The immunophenotype of B cells at the maternal-fetal interface (decidua) in labor at term and preterm labor is poorly understood. METHOD OF STUDY Decidual tissues were obtained from women with preterm or term labor and from non-labor gestational age-matched controls. Immunophenotyping of decidual B cells was performed using multicolor flow cytometry. RESULTS (a) In the absence of acute or chronic chorioamnionitis, total B cells were more abundant in the decidua parietalis of women who delivered preterm than in those who delivered at term, regardless of the presence of labor; (b) decidual transitional and naïve B cells were the most abundant B-cell subsets; (c) decidual B1 B cells were increased in women with either labor at term or preterm labor and chronic chorioamnionitis compared to those without this placental lesion; (d) decidual transitional B cells were reduced in women with preterm labor compared to those without labor; (e) naïve, class-switched, and non-class-switched B cells in the decidual tissues underwent mild alterations with the process of preterm labor; (f) decidual plasmablasts seemed to increase in women with either labor at term or preterm labor with chronic chorioamnionitis; and (g) decidual B cells expressed high levels of interleukin (IL)-12, IL-6, and/or IL-35. CONCLUSION Total B cells are not increased with the presence of preterm or term labor; yet, specific subsets (B1 and plasmablasts) undergo alterations in women with chronic chorioamnionitis. Therefore, B cells are solely implicated in the pathological process of preterm labor in a subset of women with chronic inflammation of the placenta. These findings provide insight into the immunology of the maternal-fetal interface in preterm and term labor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yaozhu Leng
- Perinatology Research Branch, Division of Obstetrics and Maternal-Fetal Medicine, Division of Intramural Research, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health, U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Bethesda, Maryland, and Detroit, Michigan.,Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, Michigan
| | - Roberto Romero
- Perinatology Research Branch, Division of Obstetrics and Maternal-Fetal Medicine, Division of Intramural Research, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health, U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Bethesda, Maryland, and Detroit, Michigan.,Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan.,Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan.,Center for Molecular Medicine and Genetics, Wayne State University, Detroit, Michigan
| | - Yi Xu
- Perinatology Research Branch, Division of Obstetrics and Maternal-Fetal Medicine, Division of Intramural Research, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health, U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Bethesda, Maryland, and Detroit, Michigan.,Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, Michigan
| | - Jose Galaz
- Perinatology Research Branch, Division of Obstetrics and Maternal-Fetal Medicine, Division of Intramural Research, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health, U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Bethesda, Maryland, and Detroit, Michigan.,Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Rebecca Slutsky
- Perinatology Research Branch, Division of Obstetrics and Maternal-Fetal Medicine, Division of Intramural Research, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health, U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Bethesda, Maryland, and Detroit, Michigan
| | - Marcia Arenas-Hernandez
- Perinatology Research Branch, Division of Obstetrics and Maternal-Fetal Medicine, Division of Intramural Research, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health, U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Bethesda, Maryland, and Detroit, Michigan.,Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, Michigan
| | - Valeria Garcia-Flores
- Perinatology Research Branch, Division of Obstetrics and Maternal-Fetal Medicine, Division of Intramural Research, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health, U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Bethesda, Maryland, and Detroit, Michigan.,Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, Michigan
| | - Kenichiro Motomura
- Perinatology Research Branch, Division of Obstetrics and Maternal-Fetal Medicine, Division of Intramural Research, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health, U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Bethesda, Maryland, and Detroit, Michigan.,Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, Michigan
| | - Sonia S Hassan
- Perinatology Research Branch, Division of Obstetrics and Maternal-Fetal Medicine, Division of Intramural Research, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health, U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Bethesda, Maryland, and Detroit, Michigan.,Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, Michigan.,Department of Physiology, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, Michigan
| | - Andrea Reboldi
- Department of Pathology, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, Massachusetts
| | - Nardhy Gomez-Lopez
- Perinatology Research Branch, Division of Obstetrics and Maternal-Fetal Medicine, Division of Intramural Research, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health, U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Bethesda, Maryland, and Detroit, Michigan.,Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, Michigan.,C.S. Mott Center for Human Growth and Development, Wayne State University, Detroit, Michigan.,Department of Immunology, Microbiology and Biochemistry, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, Michigan
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Han Y, Jin Y, Miao Y, Shi T, Lin X. Improved RANKL production by memory B cells: A way for B cells promote alveolar bone destruction during periodontitis. Int Immunopharmacol 2018; 64:232-237. [DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2018.08.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2018] [Revised: 08/02/2018] [Accepted: 08/23/2018] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
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Han Y, Jin Y, Miao Y, Shi T, Lin X. Switched memory B cells promote alveolar bone damage during periodontitis: An adoptive transfer experiment. Int Immunopharmacol 2018; 62:147-154. [PMID: 30015235 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2018.07.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2018] [Revised: 06/09/2018] [Accepted: 07/02/2018] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Abstract
Periodontitis is a bacteria-induced disease that often leads to alveolar bone damage. We sought to determine the role and mechanism of switched memory B cells in alveolar bone destruction during periodontitis. Sensitized B cells were sorted and cultured, then their expression of receptor activator for nuclear factor-κB ligand (RANKL), interleukin-6 (IL-6), and interleukin-12 (IL-12) was detected. Using these cells, we prepared adoptive transfer models in which we induced periodontitis. We found that switched memory B cells produced more RANKL in terms of both protein and mRNA levels than other subpopulations. Switched memory B cells expressed more IL-6 and IL-12 mRNA than other subpopulations, but differences in respective protein levels were not significant. Moreover, we found that switched memory B cell transfer resulted in increased alveolar bone loss and periodontal osteoclastogenesis. Moreover, switched memory B cell transfer increased the proportion of Th1 and Th17 cells as well as the expression of RANKL, osteoprotegerin (OPG), tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), interferon-γ (IFN-γ), IL-1β, IL-6, IL-17A in gingiva, and cervical lymph nodes (CLNs). The outcomes of the present study indicate that switched memory B cells regulate alveolar bone homeostasis via enhancing cytokine expression and increasing proliferation of Th1 and Th17 cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yakun Han
- Department of Stomatology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China
| | - Ying Jin
- Department of Stomatology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China
| | - Yibin Miao
- Department of Stomatology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China
| | - Tie Shi
- Department of Stomatology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China
| | - Xiaoping Lin
- Department of Stomatology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China.
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