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Kodzo LD, Danso NAA, Budu JT, Akriti KB, Hussain A, Zhang R. Experience of psychosocial rehabilitation; perspectives of depressed adolescents. Eur Child Adolesc Psychiatry 2024:10.1007/s00787-024-02473-z. [PMID: 38809300 DOI: 10.1007/s00787-024-02473-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2023] [Accepted: 05/18/2024] [Indexed: 05/30/2024]
Abstract
Given the multifaceted character of depression and its related symptoms, an adolescent living with it is at increased risk for a wide range of adverse events. This research aimed to understand and characterize the psychosocial rehabilitation experiences of depressed teenage participants in the Greater Accra Region of Ghana. A cross-sectional semi-structured interview design influenced by an interpretive phenomenological analysis (IPA) technique was adopted. We employed a nonprobability, purposeful sampling approach to recruit twenty-one adolescents (6 males, 15 females) diagnosed with depression from the community after one month of discharge from admission and undergoing psychosocial rehabilitation. Using separate interviews, we gathered and analyzed data using interpretive phenomenological analysis to produce themes and sub-themes. These were presented with the participants' direct quotations. We discovered that the perspectives of adolescents' psychosocial rehabilitation experience include hopelessness and suicide ideation, coping difficulties, undesirable attitudes from support networks, challenges related to school, and isolation. Participants suggested appropriate therapeutic environments, encouraging support systems, and the media's role in preventing and treating depression among young people as rehabilitation approaches that could assist adolescents to remain lucid for longer intervals. These results shed light on the tragic realities faced by depressed adolescents. There is an urgent need to put well-defined structures in place to aid their rehabilitation and develop coping strategies for a better life.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lalit Dzifa Kodzo
- School of Nursing and Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
- Nursing and Midwifery Training College, Central Region, Twifo Praso, Ghana
- School of International Education, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
- Organization of African Academic Doctors (OAAD), Off Kamiti Road, Nairobi, Kenya
| | | | | | | | - Abid Hussain
- School of Nursing and Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Ruixing Zhang
- School of Nursing and Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China.
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Badarch J, Batbaatar S, Paulik E. Risk factors of smoking among Mongolian adolescents. Singapore Med J 2024:00077293-990000000-00110. [PMID: 38779928 DOI: 10.4103/singaporemedj.smj-2021-044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2021] [Accepted: 10/06/2022] [Indexed: 05/25/2024]
Affiliation(s)
- Javzan Badarch
- Department of Dental Technology and Oral Hygiene, School of Dentistry, Mongolian National University of Medical Sciences, Ulaanbaatar, Mongolia
| | - Suvd Batbaatar
- Department of Environmental Health, National Center for Public Health, Ministry of Health, Ulaanbaatar, Mongolia
| | - Edit Paulik
- Department of Public Health, Albert Szent-Györgyi Medical School, University of Szeged, Szeged, Hungary
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Yu L, Zhao X, Long Q, Li S, Zhang H, Teng Z, Chen J, Zhang Y, You X, Guo Z, Zeng Y. Association between a changeable lifestyle, sedentary behavior, and suicide risk: A systematic review and meta-analysis. J Affect Disord 2024; 350:974-982. [PMID: 38266927 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2024.01.193] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2023] [Revised: 01/17/2024] [Accepted: 01/19/2024] [Indexed: 01/26/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Suicide and self-injury have become increasingly serious public health crises. Yet current evidence about the association between sedentary behavior (SB) and suicide is inconclusive. We explore the relationship between SB and suicide behavior to provide intervention measures to change the risk factors of the latter. METHODS We searched PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Library, and Web of Science from database inception to September 10, 2023. Adjusted odds ratios (ORs) with 95 % confidence intervals (CIs) were used as effect measures. Subgroup analysis was conducted based on gender, regions and countries, age, and study type. RESULTS A total of 13 studies were included. According to the meta-analysis of suicide type, compared with individuals without sedentary behavior, individuals with sedentary behavior have a higher risk of suicide attempt (OR = 1.23, 95%CI: 1.15-1.37, p < 0.001), suicide ideation (OR = 1.47, 95%CI:1.28-1.68, p < 0.001) and suicide plan (OR = 1.30, 95%CI:1.16-1.44, p < 0.001). We conducted multiple subgroup analyses for different suicidal behaviors. The analysis found that SB can increase the risk of suicide attempt in different subgroups of different genders, different research centers, Africa, and adolescents; SB can increase the risk of suicide ideation in the subgroups of different genders and ages, different research centers, Asia and Africa; SB can increase the risk of suicide plan in the subgroups of different genders, multi-center study, Africa, and adolescents. LIMITATIONS Future research should focus on objective SB measurement and explore its dose-response relation and time limit. CONCLUSION A sedentary lifestyle is associated with suicide behavior risk, with varying effects across age groups and regions, as evidenced in both single-center and multi-center studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ling Yu
- Department of Psychiatry, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunnan Province, China
| | - Xinling Zhao
- Department of Psychiatry, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunnan Province, China
| | - Qing Long
- Department of Psychiatry, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunnan Province, China
| | - Shujun Li
- Department of Student Affairs Office, Suizhou Vocational & Technical College, Suizhou City, Hubei Province, China
| | - Huaxia Zhang
- Department of Psychiatry, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Zhaowei Teng
- Department of Psychiatry, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunnan Province, China
| | - Jian Chen
- Department of Gastroenterology, Nanchong Central Hospital, Nanchong, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Yunqiao Zhang
- Department of Psychiatry, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunnan Province, China
| | - Xu You
- Department of Psychiatry, Honghe Second People's Hospital, Honghe, Yunnan Province, China
| | - Zeyi Guo
- Department of Psychiatry, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunnan Province, China.
| | - Yong Zeng
- Department of Psychiatry, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunnan Province, China.
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Deng X, Chen K, Chen X, Zhang L, Lin M, Li X, Gao Q. Parental involvement affects parent-adolescents brain-to-brain synchrony when experiencing different emotions together: An EEG-based hyperscanning study. Behav Brain Res 2024; 458:114734. [PMID: 37926335 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbr.2023.114734] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2023] [Revised: 10/27/2023] [Accepted: 10/28/2023] [Indexed: 11/07/2023]
Abstract
Parental involvement (PI) is a broad and multifaceted construct, which refers to the parental demonstration of interest in their child, caring, and warmth (Davis et al., 2021). Parental involvement affects parent-adolescent's relationship and communication. However, there was little research to examine the underlying neural mechanism. The present study aimed to explore how parental involvement is associated with the brain-to-brain synchronous activation between parent-adolescent dyads when sharing emotional experience together by using the electroencephalograph (EEG) hyperscanning. EEG was recorded simultaneously in a sample of 26 parent-adolescent dyads (Mparents'age=43.312, SD=5.468; Madolescents' age=12.077, SD=1.412) when completing the picture processing task. Phase locking values (PLVs) in beta band and gamma band were used to compare the differences in the parent-adolescent dyads' induced brain-to-brain synchrony between the high parental involvement group (HPI) and the low parental involvement group (LPI). Results showed that greater beta brain-to-brain synchrony was observed in the HPIs than in the LPIs when experiencing positive emotions together in the central region. However, there was no significant difference between the HPIs and the LPIs in the negative and neutral condition. Moreover, greater gamma brain-to-brain synchrony was observed when viewing negative emotional stimuli together than viewing positive emotional stimuli together in the LPIs in the central region. However, there was no significant difference between different emotional conditions in the HPIs. Findings of the present study provide neuroscientific evidence that parental involvement may strengthen parent-adolescent's emotional interaction and communication.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinmei Deng
- School of Psychology, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China; Center for Mental Health, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Kexin Chen
- School of Psychology, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Xiaoming Chen
- School of Psychology, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Lin Zhang
- School of Psychology, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China; Fushun No.1 Middle School, Zigong, China
| | - Mingping Lin
- School of Psychology, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China; Lihu Subdistrict No. 1 Primary School, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiaoqing Li
- School of Psychology, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China; Center for Mental Health, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China.
| | - Qiufeng Gao
- Department of Society, School of Government, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China.
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Smith L, López Sánchez GF, Pizzol D, Yon DK, Oh H, Kostev K, Gawronska J, Rahmati M, Butler L, Barnett Y, Ball G, Shin JI, Koyanagi A. Global time trends of perceived loneliness among adolescents from 28 countries in Africa, Asia, and the Americas. J Affect Disord 2024; 346:192-199. [PMID: 37952907 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2023.11.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2023] [Revised: 10/11/2023] [Accepted: 11/09/2023] [Indexed: 11/14/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Perceived loneliness in adolescence is associated with a plethora of adverse outcomes. However, data on its temporal trends are scarce. Therefore, we aimed to examine the temporal trend of perceived loneliness among school-going adolescents aged 12-15 years from 28 countries in Africa, Asia, and the Americas, where temporal trends of loneliness are largely unknown. METHODS Cross-sectional data from the Global School-based Student Health Survey 2003-2017 were analyzed. Perceived loneliness referred to feeling lonely most of the time or always in the past 12 months. Crude linear trends of perceived loneliness by country were assessed by linear regression models. RESULTS Data on 180,087 adolescents aged 12-15 years were analyzed [Mean (SD) age 13.7 (1.0) years; 51.4 % females]. The overall prevalence of perceived loneliness was 10.7 %. Among the 28 countries included in the study, significant increasing and decreasing trends were observed in six counties each, with stable trends found in 16 countries. The most drastic increase and decrease were observed in Egypt between 2006 (7.9 %) and 2011 (14.3 %), and in Samoa between 2011 (23.3 %) and 2017 (8.0 %), respectively. Stable trends with high prevalence across time were also common. CONCLUSION Our data suggest that perceived loneliness among adolescents is a global phenomenon, which has seen little improvement if any in recent years. It would be prudent to implement nationwide policies to combat loneliness globally.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lee Smith
- Centre for Health Performance and Wellbeing, Anglia Ruskin University, Cambridge, UK
| | - Guillermo F López Sánchez
- Division of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, Department of Public Health Sciences, School of Medicine, University of Murcia, Murcia, Spain.
| | - Damiano Pizzol
- Italian Agency for Development Cooperation - Khartoum, Sudan
| | - Dong Keon Yon
- Department of Pediatrics, Kyung Hee University Medical Center, Kyung Hee University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea; Center for Digital Health, Medical Science Research Institute, Kyung Hee University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Hans Oh
- Suzanne Dworak Peck School of Social Work, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | | | - Julia Gawronska
- Centre for Health Performance and Wellbeing, Anglia Ruskin University, Cambridge, UK
| | - Masoud Rahmati
- Department of Physical Education and Sport Sciences, Faculty of Literature and Human Sciences, Lorestan University, Khoramabad, Iran; Department of Physical Education and Sport Sciences, Faculty of Literature and Humanities, Vali-E-Asr University of Rafsanjan, Rafsanjan, Iran
| | - Laurie Butler
- Centre for Health Performance and Wellbeing, Anglia Ruskin University, Cambridge, UK
| | - Yvonne Barnett
- Centre for Health Performance and Wellbeing, Anglia Ruskin University, Cambridge, UK
| | - Graham Ball
- Medical Technology Research Centre, Anglia Ruskin University, Chelmsford, UK
| | - Jae Il Shin
- Department of Pediatrics, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea; Severance Underwood Meta-research Center, Institute of Convergence Science, Yonsei University, Seoul, South Korea.
| | - Ai Koyanagi
- Research and Development Unit, Parc Sanitari Sant Joan de Déu, Dr. Antoni Pujadas, Sant Boi de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain
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Vega-Díaz M, González-García H, de Labra C. Influence of parental involvement and parenting styles in children's active lifestyle: a systematic review. PeerJ 2023; 11:e16668. [PMID: 38144179 PMCID: PMC10749091 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.16668] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2023] [Accepted: 11/22/2023] [Indexed: 12/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Parents influence their children's lifestyles through modeling and support, which modifies how children approach physical activity. As such, this systematic review aims to know the influence of parental involvement in children's active lifestyles and the influence of parenting styles on children's practice and motivation towards physical activity. Methodology PubMed, Google Scholar, Scopus, ResearchGate, and Web of Science databases were searched from 15 July 2022 to 30 August 2022. The publication date of the included manuscripts was between November 2012 and January 2021. The methodological quality of the studies was analyzed using the Scale for Evaluating Scientific Articles in Social and Human Science. Furthermore, it was utilized the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses 2020. Results The sample of the 10 included studies (in which different self-report measures were administered) was 1,957 children and their parents. In one study, parental involvement across limits decreased sedentary behaviours. In another, parent-child co-participation in physical activity improved participation in it. In one study, democratic parents predicted moderate-vigorous physical activity. In another, authoritarian styles were associated with sports practice. In another, permissive styles were associated with the worst physical activity practice. In one study, permissive parents were not significantly related to physical activity. In another, negligent parents were negatively associated with sports practice. In two studies, parenting styles were not associated with physical activity. In a study, the autonomy support of permissive parents and the structure of democratic parents is related to autonomous motivations. The coercive control of authoritarian parents and the lack of structure of negligent parents are related to non-self-determined motivations or amotivation. Conclusions Parental involvement contributes to children's participation in physical activity. There is no unanimity in the results obtained in parenting styles and the practice of physical activity. Democratic and permissive styles are associated with self-determined motivations, as opposed to negligent and authoritarian ones. The results obtained have been extracted from studies where different self-report measures are administered, so it would be advisable to continue researching this subject.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marta Vega-Díaz
- Faculty of Nursing and Podiatry, University of A Coruña (UDC), A Coruña, Galicia, Spain
| | - Higinio González-García
- Education, Universidad Internacional de La Rioja (UNIR), TECNODEF Research Group, La Rioja, Spain
| | - Carmen de Labra
- 3NEUROcom, Center for Advanced Scientific Research (CICA), Biomedical Research Institute of A Coruña (INIBIC), Faculty of Nursing and Podiatry, University of A Coruña, A Coruña, Spain
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Ebalu TI, Kearns JC, Ouermi L, Bountogo M, Sié A, Bärnighausen T, Harling G. Prevalence and correlates of adolescent self-injurious thoughts and behaviors: A population-based study in Burkina Faso. Int J Soc Psychiatry 2023; 69:1626-1635. [PMID: 37329143 PMCID: PMC10657509 DOI: 10.1177/00207640231175778] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Self-injurious thoughts and behaviors (SITBs) are a growing concern among youth in sub-Saharan Africa, but their prevalence and correlates in this region are poorly understood. We therefore examined self-reported SITBs in a population-representative sample of youth in rural Burkina Faso. We used interviews from 1,538 adolescents aged 12 to 20 years living in 10 villages and 1 town in northwestern Burkina Faso. Adolescents were asked about their experiences with suicidal and nonsuicidal SITBs, adverse environmental factors, psychiatric symptoms, and interpersonal-social experiences. SITBs included lifetime prevalence of life is not worth living, passive suicide ideation, active suicide ideation, and nonsuicidal self-injury (NSSI). After describing SITB prevalence, we ran logistic and negative binomial regression models to predict SITBs. Weighted lifetime SITB prevalence estimates were: 15.6% (95% confidence interval [CI]: 13.7-18.0) for NSSI; 15.1% (95% CI: [13.2, 17.0]) for life is not worth living; 5.0% (95% CI [3.9, 6.0]) for passive suicide ideation; and 2.3% (95% CI [1.6, 3.0]) for active suicide ideation. Prevalence of life is not worth living increased with age. All four SITBs were significantly positively associated with mental health symptoms (depression symptoms, probable posttraumatic stress disorder) and interpersonal-social experiences (peer and social connectedness, physical assault, sexual assault and unwanted sexual experiences). Females were significantly more likely to report that their life was not worth living compared to males (aOR = 0.68; 95% CI [0.48, 0.96]). There is a high prevalence of SITBs among youth in rural Burkina Faso, most notably NSSI and life is not worth living, with interpersonal-social factors being the strongest predictors. Our results highlight the need for longitudinal SITB assessment to understand how risk for SITBs operates in resource-constrained settings, and to design interventions to mitigate risk. Given low school enrollment in rural Burkina Faso, it will be important to consider youth suicide prevention and mental health initiatives that are not school-based.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tracie I Ebalu
- Department of Psychology, University of Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | | | | | | | - Ali Sié
- Centre de Recherche en Santé de Nouna, Burkina Faso
| | - Till Bärnighausen
- Institute of Global Health, University Hospital, Heidelberg University, Germany
- Africa Health Research Institute, KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa
- Department of Global Health and Population, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Guy Harling
- Africa Health Research Institute, KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa
- Institute for Global Health, University College London, UK
- MRC/Wits Rural Public Health and Health Transitions Research Unit (Agincourt), University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa
- School of Nursing and Public Health, College of Health Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, South Africa
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Odusoga OB, Sholeye OO. Sedentary Behaviour Among Male Adolescents in Sagamu, Southwest Nigeria. COMMUNITY HEALTH EQUITY RESEARCH & POLICY 2023; 43:249-256. [PMID: 34034588 DOI: 10.1177/0272684x211016728] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Sedentary behaviour (SB) is a leading risk factor for development of non-communicable diseases (NCDs) and associated morbidity worldwide. Several studies have reported a high prevalence of sedentary behaviour among adolescents in developing countries with a male preponderance. The Nigerian male adolescent is similarly faced with lifestyle challenges as his counterparts in other countries. AIM This study determined the pattern, knowledge and factors associated with sedentary behaviour among male adolescents in Sagamu, Nigeria. METHOD A cross-sectional study was carried out among 330 in-school male adolescents in Sagamu, selected via multi-stage sampling technique. Data were collected using a semi-structured, self-administered questionnaire and analyzed using IBM SPSS version 20. Relevant descriptive and inferential statistics were calculated, with p < .05. Participation was fully voluntary and strict confidentiality was ensured. RESULT The mean age of respondents was 15.9 ± 1.4 years; 86.9% of respondents were aged 15-19years. About 94.8% of sedentary respondents had poor knowledge. Over 90% of respondents were sedentary. Screen-based behaviour (79%) contributed more to respondents' pattern of SB while using a tablet or a smart phone (23.6%) singularly contributed the largest to sedentariness. SB was associated with motorized transport (p = .038), smoking (p ≤ .001) and central obesity status (p = .040) but not with socio-demographic characteristics and alcohol intake. CONCLUSION Knowledge of SB was poor among respondents. The prevalence of sedentary behaviour was high and associated with central obesity, smoking and motorized transport. School-based interventions including health education, should be initiated to reduce the risk of developing NCDs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oluwatosin B Odusoga
- Community Medicine and Primary Care, Faculty of Clinical Sciences, Olabisi Onabanjo University, Sagamu Campus, Ago Iwoye, Nigeria
| | - Oluwafolahan O Sholeye
- Community Medicine and Primary Care, Faculty of Clinical Sciences, Olabisi Onabanjo University, Sagamu Campus, Ago Iwoye, Nigeria
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Rasalingam G, Rajalingam A, Chandradasa M, Nath M. Assessment of mental health problems among adolescents in Sri Lanka: Findings from the cross-sectional Global School-based Health Survey. Health Sci Rep 2022; 5:e886. [PMID: 36262808 PMCID: PMC9576112 DOI: 10.1002/hsr2.886] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2022] [Revised: 09/18/2022] [Accepted: 09/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Background and Aims Mental health condition among adolescents is a leading cause of health-related disability in Sri Lanka. The study aims to estimate the prevalence and evaluate the associated risk factors in three major mental health domains-loneliness, anxiety and suicidal ideation-among Sri Lankan adolescents. Methods We conducted a secondary analysis of cross-sectional data of 3262 adolescents from the Global School-based Health Survey (GSHS) conducted by the WHO in 2016. We modeled the binary outcome variables using multivariable logistic regression models with exposures representing demography, food habits, personal hygiene, behavior, substance abuse, parental and social engagement of the respondents. Results We estimated the prevalence of loneliness, anxiety and suicidal ideation as 30.8% (95% CI: 29.3, 32.5), 20.2% (95% CI: 18.8, 21.6) and 3.7% (95% CI: 3.1, 4.4), respectively, and the overall prevalence as 40.3% (95% CI: 38.6, 42.0). Mental health problems were more prevalent among females than males. Engagement with parents and close friends, adequate nutritional intake and physically active lifestyles reduced the risk of common mental health problems. Exposure variables like food insecurity, truancy, second-hand smoking, physical fight, and being bullied increased adolescents' risk of reported psychological problems. Conclusions We conclude that the prevalence of mental health problems in the Sri Lankan adolescent population was higher than the global average. Results suggest that future policy decisions to mitigate mental health problems among Sri Lankan adolescents should incorporate an integrated approach involving the individual, family and community to promote positive home and school environments combined with an active and healthy lifestyle.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Mintu Nath
- Institute of Applied Health SciencesUniversity of AberdeenAberdeenUK
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Wang C, Li S, Su YS. Impact of academic stress by parent-proxy on parents' learning-support-services: a moderated-mediation model of health anxiety by parents' educational level. LIBRARY HI TECH 2022. [DOI: 10.1108/lht-07-2022-0329] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
PurposeThis study focused on parents' health anxiety by proxy about their children when they started learning online during the COVID-19 pandemic, to explore the impact of academic stress by parent-proxy on parents' learning support services with the mediating role of health anxiety by parent-proxy and the moderating role of parental educational level.Design/methodology/approachIn total, 8,940 primary school students' parents participated in the study. Bootstrapping was performed to test the constructed model.Findings(1) Academic stress by parent-proxy positively predicted health anxiety by parent-proxy. (2) Health anxiety by parent-proxy significantly positively predicted learning support services. (3) Academic stress by parent-proxy also significantly positively predicted learning support services. (4) Academic stress by parent-proxy positively predicted parents' learning support services through the mediating effect of health anxiety by parent-proxy. (5) Parental educational level moderated the relationship between academic stress by parent-proxy, health anxiety by parent-proxy, and learning support services. Academics and parents will benefit from the conclusions of this study in both theory and practice.Originality/valueDuring the COVID-19 pandemic, offline learning has been replaced with online learning, which has brought with it many physical and mental health problems, including additional academic stress. Most studies on learning support services have focused on offline learning. However, this study explored the relationships between academic stress by parent-proxy, health anxiety by parent-proxy, learning support services, and parental educational level in the context of online learning. Results show that it is necessary to pay attention to academic stress and health to provide children with appropriate learning support services.
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Atorkey P, Asante KO. Clustering of multiple health risk factors among a sample of adolescents in Liberia: a latent class analysis. J Public Health (Oxf) 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s10389-020-01465-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022] Open
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Oppong Asante K, Onyeaka HK, Kugbey N, Quarshie ENB. Self-reported injuries and correlates among school-going adolescents in three countries in Western sub-Saharan Africa. BMC Public Health 2022; 22:899. [PMID: 35513863 PMCID: PMC9074264 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-022-13315-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2021] [Accepted: 04/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Unintentional injuries among adolescents constitute a significant public health problem globally. Injured adolescents may face negative outcomes ranging from poor academic performance to short- and long-term physical and psychosocial health struggles, and even death. The aim of this study was to estimate the prevalence and describe the correlates and most frequent causes of injuries among school-going adolescents in three West African countries – Benin, Ghana, and Liberia. Methods We analysed self-reported data provided by 8,912 school-going adolescents who participated in the Global School-based Student Health Survey in Ghana (2012), Benin (2016), and Liberia (2017). Students responded to questions on sociodemographic factors, family involvement factors, mental health factors, school environment factors and injury behaviours. Results The overall 12-month prevalence estimate of serious injuries in adolescents was 40.9% (Benin = 27.3%; Ghana = 46.1%; Liberia = 49.2%). The most frequently reported injury type was a broken bone or dislocated joint (33% in Benin), cuts or stab wounds (31.7% in Ghana), and non-specified injuries (35.2% in Liberia). Prevalence of serious injuries was higher among males and increased with age. In the multivariable logistic regression analysis, interpersonal aggression outside the family context (bullying victimisation, engaging in physical fights, and having been physically attacked) emerged as key correlates of increased odds of serious injuries. Conclusion The relatively higher prevalence estimates of serious injury reported in this study underscore the need for the included countries to develop interventions aimed at reducing and preventing physical injuries among adolescents. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12889-022-13315-5.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kwaku Oppong Asante
- Department of Psychology, School of Social Sciences, University of Ghana, University of Ghana, P. O. Box LG 84, Legon, Accra, Ghana. .,Department of Psychology, University of the Free State, Bloemfontein, South Africa.
| | - Henry K Onyeaka
- Department of Psychiatry, Massachusetts General Hospital/Mclean, Boston, USA
| | - Nuworza Kugbey
- University of Environment and Sustainable Development, Somanya, Eastern Region, Ghana
| | - Emmanuel Nii-Boye Quarshie
- Department of Psychology, School of Social Sciences, University of Ghana, University of Ghana, P. O. Box LG 84, Legon, Accra, Ghana.,School of Psychology, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK
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Nyawornota VK, Tay DA, Adu E, Ocansey RT. A scoping review of 2018–2020 research on NCDs and physical activity in Ghana: Groundwork for a monitoring system and action plan. FASEB Bioadv 2021. [DOI: 10.1096/fba.2020-00123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
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14
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Dziwornu E, Dey NEY, Owusu Ansah K, Arthur-Holmes F, Duah HO, Amoah PA, Agbadi P. Association between remembering difficulty and anxiety and depression among children in Ghana. JOURNAL OF AFFECTIVE DISORDERS REPORTS 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jadr.2021.100212] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
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15
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Prevalence and correlates of multiple suicide attempts among adolescents aged 12-15 years from 61 countries in Africa, Asia, and the Americas. J Psychiatr Res 2021; 144:45-53. [PMID: 34598008 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpsychires.2021.09.047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2021] [Revised: 09/11/2021] [Accepted: 09/22/2021] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Suicide is the fourth leading cause of death worldwide in young people aged 15-19 years. However, little is known about the correlates of multiple suicide attempts in adolescents, especially from a global perspective. Therefore, the aim of the present study was to investigate the association of putative physical, behavioral, and social correlates with multiple suicide attempts among adolescents aged 12-15 years from 61 countries. Data from the Global school-based Student Health Survey (2009-2017) were analyzed. Multiple suicide attempts was classified as having attempted suicide at least twice in the past 12 months. Multivariable logistic regression analyses were conducted to assess the potential correlates. Data on 162,994 adolescents [mean (SD) age 13.8 (0.9) years; 50.8% boys] were analyzed. The overall prevalence of multiple suicide attempts was 4.4% [range 1.2% (Laos) to 13.8% (Ghana)]. Among those who had attempted suicide at least once in the past 12 months, in the overall sample, food insecurity, smoking, alcohol consumption, cannabis use, amphetamine use, sedentary behavior, sexual intercourse, sleep problems, loneliness, no close friends, and bullying victimization were all independently associated with higher odds for multiple suicide attempts although some regional differences were observed. Our study results indicate potential target factors that could be addressed amongst those who had attempted suicide in the past to reduce future suicide attempts and possibly completed suicides. Furthermore, it is possible that region-specific interventions are necessary.
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Pengpid S, Peltzer K. Prevalence and associated factors of loneliness among a national sample of in-school adolescents in Morocco. JOURNAL OF PSYCHOLOGY IN AFRICA 2021. [DOI: 10.1080/14330237.2021.1928918] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Supa Pengpid
- ASEAN Institute for Health Development, Mahidol University, Salaya, Phutthamonthon, Nakhon Pathom, Thailand
- Department of Research Administration and Development, University of Limpopo, Turfloop, South Africa
| | - Karl Peltzer
- Department of Psychology, University of the Free State, Bloemfontein, South Africa
- Department of Psychology, College of Medical and Health Science, Asia University, Taichung, Taiwan
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Atorkey P, Owiredua C. Clustering of multiple health risk behaviours and association with socio-demographic characteristics and psychological distress among adolescents in Ghana: A latent class analysis. SSM Popul Health 2021; 13:100707. [PMID: 33365380 PMCID: PMC7749432 DOI: 10.1016/j.ssmph.2020.100707] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2020] [Revised: 11/09/2020] [Accepted: 12/01/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
This study examined the prevalence of multiple health risk behaviours, the clustering patterns of health risk behaviours, the association between socio-demographic characteristics, psychological distress and clusters and the relationship between number of health risk behaviours and psychological distress among adolescents in Ghana. Participants were senior high school (SHS) students aged 11-19 years who participated in the 2012 Global School-based Students Health Survey (n = 1763). Five health risk behaviours (smoking tobacco, inadequate fruit intake, inadequate vegetable intake, alcohol intake and physical inactivity) were measured. Participants were classified to be at risk if they indicated they smoked tobacco, did not eat fruit ≥ 2 times a day and vegetables ≥ 5 a day, drank alcohol during the past 30 days and did not engage in physical activity for ≥ 60 min per day during the past 7 days. Latent class analysis and latent regression were used to identify the clusters and factors associated with the clusters respectively. Multiple logistic regression was used to determine the relationship between number of health risk behaviours and psychological distress. The prevalence of multiple health risk behaviours (2 or more) was 94.8%. Two clusters emerged: Cluster 1 ("Poor nutrition, inactive, low substance use cluster"; 91%); Cluster 2 ("High Risk Cluster"; 9%). Using cluster 1 as a reference group, adolescents in the 11-15 years category had lower odds of belonging to cluster 2 (OR = 0.21 CI 0.05-0.91, ρ = 0.036) while those experiencing symptoms of depression had higher odds of belonging to cluster 2 (OR = 2.45 CI 1.45-4.14, ρ = 0.001). No significant relationship was found between number of health risk behaviour and psychological distress. Health risk behaviours cluster among adolescents with age and depression associated with the identified clusters. Early interventions that target these clusters are needed at the individual, school and community level to mitigate the burden of non-communicable diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Prince Atorkey
- School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Newcastle, University Drive, Callaghan, New South Wales, 2308, Australia
- Hunter New England Population Health, Hunter New England Local Health District, Locked Mail Bag 10, Wallsend, New South Wales, 2287, Australia
- Hunter Medical Research Institute, Newcastle, New South Wales, Australia
- Priority Research Centre for Health Behaviour, University of Newcastle, Australia
| | - Christiana Owiredua
- Ӧrebro University, School of Law, Psychology and Social Work, Sweden
- Centre for Health and Medical Psychology, Ӧrebro University, Sweden
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18
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Tian S, Zhang TY, Miao YM, Pan CW. Psychological distress and parental involvement among adolescents in 67 low-income and middle-income countries: A population-based study. J Affect Disord 2021; 282:1101-1109. [PMID: 33601684 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2021.01.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2020] [Revised: 12/16/2020] [Accepted: 01/04/2021] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Adolescents with mental illnesses account for a significant proportion of young people globally. Mental illness is a major public health problem because of its harmful effects on adolescents' development. There is a need to better understand the prevalence and protective factors regarding adolescents' psychological distress to inform policies for effective prevention. METHODS We used data from the Global School-based Student Health Surveys between 2009 and 2017. The data were collected through anonymous self-report questionnaires. This report is based on four questions assessing psychological distress and three questions assessing parental involvement. We calculated the pooled overall and regional estimates by random-effects meta-analysis. Logistic regression models were used to analyse the association between psychological distress and parental involvement. The association between adolescents' psychological distress and a country's purchasing power parity (PPP) was examined by linear regression analysis. RESULTS We included 167,484 young adolescents (boys, 47.3%; girls, 52.7%) in low-income and middle-income countries. The overall prevalence rates of psychological distress (loneliness, insomnia due to anxiety, suicidal ideation, and no close friends) were 10.7%, 9.1%, 13.6%, and 6.4%, respectively. A high level of parental involvement was associated with good mental health. The relationships of PPP with loneliness and insomnia due to anxiety were positive, but the relationships of PPP with the other two aspects were negative. LIMITATIONS The cross-sectional data do not infer causality between psychological distress and parental involvement. CONCLUSIONS This study indicated that high levels of parental involvement were significantly associated with a decreased likelihood of psychological distress. In addition, PPP was also related to psychological distress. Specifically, PPP was significantly associated with a decreased likelihood of not having close friends.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shun Tian
- School of Public Health, Medical College of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Tian-Yang Zhang
- School of Public Health, Medical College of Soochow University, Suzhou, China; Research Center for Psychology and Behavioral Sciences, Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Yi-Ming Miao
- Department of Mathematics, Statistics, and Computer Science, Macalester College, St. Paul, MN, USA
| | - Chen-Wei Pan
- School of Public Health, Medical College of Soochow University, Suzhou, China.
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Pengpid S, Peltzer K. Prevalence and Associated Factors of Loneliness Among National Samples of In-School Adolescents in Four Caribbean Countries. Psychol Rep 2020; 124:2669-2683. [PMID: 33084488 DOI: 10.1177/0033294120968502] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The goal of the study was to estimate the prevalence and correlates of loneliness among adolescent school children in four Caribbean countries. METHODS Nationally representative cross-sectional data were analysed from 9,143 adolescents (15 years=median age) that took part in the "2016 Dominican Republic, 2016 Suriname, 2017 Jamaica and 2017 Trinidad and Tobago "Global School-Based Student Health Survey (GSHS)." RESULTS The prevalence of loneliness was 15.3% in four Caribbean countries, ranging from 12.1% in Dominican Republic to 18.6% in Jamaica. In adjusted logistic regression analysis, female sex, having no close friends, older age, anxiety induced sleep disturbance, frequent bullying victimization (≥3 days/month), having been physically attacked, parental emotional neglect, having sustained multiple serious injuries (past year) and not eating fruit and vegetables were associated with loneliness. In addition, in sex stratified adjusted logistic regression analysis, among boys, daily exposure to passive smoking, and being from Suriname, and among girls, frequent experience of hunger, low peer support, trouble from drinking alcohol and high leisure-time sedentary behaviour (≥8 hrs/day) were associated with loneliness. Moreover, in addition to above results, in unadjusted analysis, involvement in physical fight, parents never check on homework, parental disrespect of privacy, frequent school truancy (≥3 days/month), current tobacco use, having no physical education and drinking frequently soft drinks (≥3/day) were associated with loneliness. CONCLUSION Almost one in six students reported loneliness and several associated factors were identified which can aid intervention strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Supa Pengpid
- ASEAN Institute for Health Development, Mahidol University, Salaya, Phutthamonthon, Nakhon Pathom, Thailand; Department of Research Administration and Development, University of Limpopo, Turfloop, South Africa
| | - Karl Peltzer
- Department for Management of Science and Technology Development, Ton Duc Thang University, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam; Faculty of Pharmacy, Ton Duc Thang University, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
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Pengpid S, Peltzer K. Psychological Distress and Its Associated Factors Among School-Going Adolescents in Tanzania. PSYCHOLOGICAL STUDIES 2020. [DOI: 10.1007/s12646-020-00550-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
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21
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Agathão BT, Lopes CS, Cunha DB, Sichieri R. Gender differences in the impact of sleep duration on common mental disorders in school students. BMC Public Health 2020; 20:148. [PMID: 32005216 PMCID: PMC6995133 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-020-8260-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2019] [Accepted: 01/22/2020] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Common mental disorders (CMD) in children and adolescents can be initial and non-specific manifestations of more serious mental diseases and often persist into adulthood. Therefore, early detection is important, as is the identification of the factors that impact development. Insufficient sleep represents one of the most common and potentially remediable risks to mental health in children and adolescents for whom chronic sleep loss has become normal. This study aims to investigate the influence of sleep duration on CMD in schoolchildren and adolescents. METHODS The data for this longitudinal study were derived from the community trial Parents, Students, Community Health Agents and Teachers for Healthy Eating (PAAPAS) in 2016 (N = 2743), with fifth and sixth graders from 18 public schools of Duque de Caxias, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. CMD were assessed by the General Health Questionnaire (GHQ-12) at baseline and at a 9-month follow-up. Sleep duration was evaluated at baseline and was categorized as short, adequate or long according to age group. The effect of sleep duration on common mental disorders was analysed by sex using linear mixed-effects models. RESULTS At baseline, the frequency of CMD was 33.2% and was higher in boys than in girls and higher among students with short sleep duration. There was an increase in the CMD score over time among girls with short sleep duration (p < 0.01). Among boys, a similar trajectory of the CMD score was observed in the subgroups with short and long sleep duration, but there was a significant reduction in the subgroup with long sleep duration (p = 0.05). CONCLUSION Changes in common mental disorder patterns differ according to sex, and short sleep duration seems to be problematic for students' mental health. The promotion of health strategies that involve the family and school environment, such as later school hours, could help change this scenario.
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Affiliation(s)
- Beatriz Tosé Agathão
- Department of Epidemiology, Institute of Social Medicine, State University of Rio de Janeiro (UERJ), 524 São Francisco Xavier St., Maracanã, Rio de Janeiro, 20550-900, Brazil.
| | - Claudia Souza Lopes
- Department of Epidemiology, Institute of Social Medicine, State University of Rio de Janeiro (UERJ), 524 São Francisco Xavier St., Maracanã, Rio de Janeiro, 20550-900, Brazil
| | - Diana Barbosa Cunha
- Department of Epidemiology, Institute of Social Medicine, State University of Rio de Janeiro (UERJ), 524 São Francisco Xavier St., Maracanã, Rio de Janeiro, 20550-900, Brazil
| | - Rosely Sichieri
- Department of Epidemiology, Institute of Social Medicine, State University of Rio de Janeiro (UERJ), 524 São Francisco Xavier St., Maracanã, Rio de Janeiro, 20550-900, Brazil
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Anum A, Adjorlolo S, Kugbey N. Depressive symptomatology in adolescents in Ghana: Examination of psychometric properties of the Patient Health Questionnaire-9. J Affect Disord 2019; 256:213-218. [PMID: 31181377 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2019.06.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2019] [Revised: 04/12/2019] [Accepted: 06/02/2019] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-9) has been used extensively in research and clinical settings. However, there is limited information regarding the psychometric properties of the PHQ-9 among adolescents, particularly in sub-Saharan Africa. METHODS Data were collected from 553 adolescents (girls = 322, 58.1%) using a cross-sectional survey design to investigate the factorial validity, construct validity and internal consistency of the PHQ-9 in Ghana. RESULTS Confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) and multi-group CFA support a one-factor structure of the PHQ-9 that was invariant across gender. The PHQ-9 correlates significantly with measures of anxiety, depression, mental wellbeing, and suicidal behavior. The internal consistency of the PHQ-9 was 0.71. LIMITATION The study did not include a gold standard measure of depression to assess the diagnostic properties (e.g., sensitivity and specificity) of the PHQ-9. CONCLUSION The results suggest that major depressive disorder, measured by the PHQ-9, is a homogeneous construct across gender and that the PHQ-9 can be used to screen for depressive symptoms in adolescent boys and girls in Ghana.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adote Anum
- Department of Psychology, School of Social Sciences, College of Humanities, University of Ghana, P. O. Box LG 84, Legon, Accra, Ghana
| | - Samuel Adjorlolo
- Department of Mental Health, School of Nursing and Midwifery, College of Health Sciences, University of Ghana, P. O. Box LG 43, Legon, Accra, Ghana; Research and Grant Institute of Ghana, P. O. Box GP 2543, Accra, Ghana.
| | - Nuworza Kugbey
- Department of Family and Community Health, School of Public Health, University of Health and Allied Sciences, Ho, Volta Region, Ghana; Discipline of Psychology, School of Applied Human Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa
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Koyanagi A, Oh H, Carvalho AF, Smith L, Haro JM, Vancampfort D, Stubbs B, DeVylder JE. Bullying Victimization and Suicide Attempt Among Adolescents Aged 12-15 Years From 48 Countries. J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry 2019; 58:907-918.e4. [PMID: 30926574 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaac.2018.10.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 101] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2018] [Revised: 10/26/2018] [Accepted: 12/11/2018] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Adolescent suicide is a global public health problem. Bullying is a risk factor for suicidality in adolescence; however, global data on its association with suicide attempts are lacking, and data from low- and middle-income countries and non-Western settings are scarce. Thus, this study assessed the association between bullying victimization and suicide attempts using data from 48 countries (predominantly low- and middle-income countries) across multiple continents. METHOD Data from the Global School-based Student Health Survey were analyzed. Data on past 12-month suicide attempts and past 30-day bullying victimization were collected. Multivariable logistic regression and meta-analysis with random effects were conducted to assess the associations. RESULTS The final sample consisted of 134,229 adolescents 12 to 15 years of age. The overall prevalences of suicide attempts and bullying victimization were 10.7% and 30.4%, respectively. After adjustment for sex, age, and socioeconomic status, bullying victimization was significantly associated with higher odds for a suicide attempt in 47 of the 48 countries studied, with the pooled odds ratio being 3.06 (95% CI 2.73-3.43). A larger number of days bullied in the past month was dose-dependently associated with higher odds for suicide attempts. The past-year prevalence of suicide attempts ranged from 5.9% for the "no bullying" group up to 32.7% for the "being bullied for 20 to 30 days/month" group (odds ratio 5.51, 95% CI 4.56-6.65). CONCLUSION Bullying victimization could be an important risk factor of suicide attempts among adolescents globally. Thus, there is an urgent need to implement effective and evidence-based interventions to address bullying to prevent suicides and suicide attempts among adolescents worldwide.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ai Koyanagi
- Research and Development Unit, Parc Sanitari Sant Joan de Déu, Universitat de Barcelona, Fundació Sant Joan de Déu, Barcelona, Spain; Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Salud Mental, CIBERSAM, Madrid, Spain; ICREA Pg. Lluis Companys 23, Barcelona, Spain.
| | - Hans Oh
- University of Southern California, Suzanne Dworak-Peck School of Social Work, Los Angeles
| | | | - Lee Smith
- The Cambridge Centre for Sport and Exercise Sciences, Anglia Ruskin University, Cambridge, UK
| | - Josep Maria Haro
- Research and Development Unit, Parc Sanitari Sant Joan de Déu, Universitat de Barcelona, Fundació Sant Joan de Déu, Barcelona, Spain; Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Salud Mental, CIBERSAM, Madrid, Spain; ICREA Pg. Lluis Companys 23, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Davy Vancampfort
- KU Leuven Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, Leuven, Belgium; KU Leuven University Psychiatric Center, Leuven-Kortenberg, Belgium
| | - Brendon Stubbs
- South London and Maudsley NHS Foundation Trust, Denmark Hill, London, UK; Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, London, UK; Faculty of Health, Social Care and Education, Anglia Ruskin University, Chelmsford, UK
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Smith L, Jackson SE, Jacob L, Grabovac I, Yang L, Johnstone J, McDermott D, Gordon D, Lopez Sanchez GF, Stefanac S, Koyanagi A. Leisure-Time Sedentary Behavior, Alcohol Consumption, and Sexual Intercourse Among Adolescents Aged 12-15 Years in 19 Countries From Africa, the Americas, and Asia. J Sex Med 2019; 16:1355-1363. [PMID: 31351852 DOI: 10.1016/j.jsxm.2019.06.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2019] [Revised: 06/06/2019] [Accepted: 06/20/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The association between sedentary behavior and sexual behavior has not been investigated among adolescents. AIM The aim of this study was to: (i) investigate the association between leisure-time sedentary behavior and sexual intercourse, and (ii) test for mediation by alcohol consumption, drug use, physical activity, bullying victimization, parental support/monitoring, loneliness, and depressive symptoms in a large global sample of young adolescents. METHODS Data were analyzed from 34,674 adolescents aged 12-15 years participating in the Global School-based Student Health Survey. Participants reported the number of hours spent in leisure-time sedentary behavior on a typical day (<1, 1-2, 3-4, 5-8, and >8 hours). Data on alcohol consumption, drug use, physical activity, bullying victimization, parental support/monitoring, loneliness, and depressive symptoms were considered as potential mediators. OUTCOME Participants reported whether or not they had sexual intercourse in the past 12 months (yes/no). RESULTS The prevalence of past 12-month sexual intercourse was 11.9%, whereas the prevalence of <1, 1-2, 3-4, 5-8, and >8 hours per day of leisure-time sedentary behavior were 26.7%, 35.6%, 21.4%, 11.5%, and 4.9%, respectively. There was a dose-dependent relationship between sedentary behavior and odds of reporting sexual intercourse: compared with <1 hour/day of sedentary behavior, the odds ratio (95% CI) of sexual intercourse associated with 1-2, 3-4, 5-8, and >8 hours/day of sedentary behavior were 1.12 (0.94-1.33), 1.22 (1.01-1.48), 1.34 (1.08-1.66), and 1.76 (1.37-2.27), respectively. There was no significant interaction by sex. The largest proportion of the association between sedentary behavior and sexual intercourse was explained by alcohol use (% mediated 21.2%), with other factors explaining an additional 11.2%. CLINICAL TRANSLATION Interventions to reduce leisure-time sedentary and/or alcohol consumption may contribute to a reduction in the proportion of adolescents engaging in sexual intercourse at a young age. The strengths and limitations of this study are the large, representative sample of adolescents from 19 countries. However, the cross-sectional design means causality or temporal associations could not be established. CONCLUSIONS In young adolescents, leisure-time sedentary behavior is positively associated with odds of having sexual intercourse in both boys and girls, in a dose-dependent manner. Alcohol consumption seems to be a key mediator of this relationship. Smith L, Jackson SE, Jacob L, et al. Leisure-Time Sedentary Behavior, Alcohol Consumption, and Sexual Intercourse Among Adolescents Aged 12-15 Years in 19 Countries From Africa, the Americas, and Asia. J Sex Med 2019;16:1355-1363.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lee Smith
- The Cambridge Centre for Sport and Exercise Sciences, Anglia Ruskin University, Cambridge, UK.
| | - Sarah E Jackson
- Epidemiology and Public Health, University College London, London, UK
| | - Louis Jacob
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines, Montigny-le-Bretonneux, France
| | - Igor Grabovac
- Department of Social and Preventive Medicine, Center of Public Health, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Lin Yang
- Department of Cancer Epidemiology and Prevention Research, Alberta Health Services, Holy Cross Centre, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - James Johnstone
- The Cambridge Centre for Sport and Exercise Sciences, Anglia Ruskin University, Cambridge, UK
| | - Daragh McDermott
- School of Psychology and Sport Science, Anglia Ruskin University, Cambridge, UK
| | - Dan Gordon
- The Cambridge Centre for Sport and Exercise Sciences, Anglia Ruskin University, Cambridge, UK
| | | | - Sinisa Stefanac
- Institute of Outcomes Research, Center for Medical Statistics, Informatics and Intelligent Systems, Medical University of Vienna, Austria; Ludwig Boltzmann Cluster Arthritis and Rehabilitation, Vienna, Austria
| | - Ai Koyanagi
- Research and Development Unit, Parc Sanitari Sant Joan de Déu, CIBERSAM, Sant Boi de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain; ICREA, Pg. Lluis Companys 23, Barcelona, Spain
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25
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Vancampfort D, Ashdown-Franks G, Smith L, Firth J, Van Damme T, Christiaansen L, Stubbs B, Koyanagi A. Leisure-time sedentary behavior and loneliness among 148,045 adolescents aged 12-15 years from 52 low- and middle-income countries. J Affect Disord 2019; 251:149-155. [PMID: 30925265 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2019.03.076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2019] [Revised: 03/11/2019] [Accepted: 03/21/2019] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Loneliness is widespread in adolescents and associated with a myriad of adverse physical and mental health outcomes. Exploring variables associated with loneliness is important for the development of targeted interventions. The aim of the current study was to explore associations between leisure-time sedentary behavior (LTSB) and loneliness in adolescents from 52 low- and middle-income countries. METHODS Data from the Global School-based Student Health Survey were analyzed. Data on past 12-month self-perceived loneliness and LTSB were collected. Multivariable logistic regression and meta-analysis were conducted to assess the associations. RESULTS Among 148,045 adolescents (mean age 13.7± SD 1.0 years; 48.5% female), the prevalence of loneliness increased from 8.7% among those with 1-2 h/day of LTSB to 17.5% among those spending >8 h/day sedentary. Compared to those who engage in less than 1 h of LTSB per day, the OR (95%CI) of loneliness for 1-2 h/day, 3-4 h/day, 5-8 h/day and >8 h/day were 1.00 (0.91-1.11), 1.29 (1.15-1.45), 1.37 (1.17-1.61), and 1.66 (1.39-1.99), respectively. LIMITATIONS The study is cross-sectional, therefore the directionality of the relationships cannot be deduced. CONCLUSIONS Our data suggest that LTSB is associated with increased odds for feeling lonely in adolescence. Future longitudinal data are required to confirm/refute the findings to inform public health campaigns.
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Affiliation(s)
- Davy Vancampfort
- KU Leuven Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, Leuven, Belgium; KU Leuven, University Psychiatric Center KU Leuven, Leuven-Kortenberg, Belgium.
| | - Garcia Ashdown-Franks
- Physiotherapy Department, South London and Maudsley NHS Foundation Trust, Denmark Hill, London, United Kingdom; Department of Exercise Sciences, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Lee Smith
- Cambridge Centre for Sport and Exercise Sciences, Anglia Ruskin University, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Joseph Firth
- NICM Health Research Institute, Western Sydney University, Westmead, Australia; Division of Psychology and Mental Health, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, United Kingdom; Centre for Youth Mental Health, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Tine Van Damme
- KU Leuven Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, Leuven, Belgium; KU Leuven, University Psychiatric Center KU Leuven, Leuven-Kortenberg, Belgium
| | - Lore Christiaansen
- KU Leuven Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, Leuven, Belgium; KU Leuven Centre of Contextual Psychiatry, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Brendon Stubbs
- Physiotherapy Department, South London and Maudsley NHS Foundation Trust, Denmark Hill, London, United Kingdom; Department of Psychological Medicine, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Ai Koyanagi
- Research and Development Unit, Parc Sanitari Sant Joan de Déu, CIBERSAM, Sant Boi de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain; ICREA, Pg. Lluis Companys 23, Barcelona, Spain
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Kugbey N, Ayanore MA, Amu H, Oppong Asante K, Adam A. International note: Analysis of risk and protective factors for risky sexual behaviours among school-aged adolescents. J Adolesc 2018; 68:66-69. [PMID: 30041055 DOI: 10.1016/j.adolescence.2018.06.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2018] [Revised: 06/11/2018] [Accepted: 06/28/2018] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Abstract
This study examined the prevalence and associated factors of risky sexual behaviours among 1648 school-going adolescents using the 2012 Ghana Global School-based Student Health Survey. Our findings showed 33.5% of the participants had ever had sex 32.5% had multiple sexual partners and only 26.2% reported using condom during their last sexual intercourse. Being male, older age, anxiety, loneliness, suicidal ideation, being bullied, food insecurity (hunger), current alcohol and marijuana use were significant risk factors for being sexually experienced, multiple partners, but not condom use. Parental knowledge of activity was a significant protective factor against adolescents' sexual experience. These findings underscore the need to develop school-based interventions that would help reduce risky sexual behaviours among school-going adolescents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nuworza Kugbey
- Department of Family and Community Health, School of Public Health, University of Health and Allied Sciences, Ho, Volta Region, Ghana; Discipline of Psychology, School of Applied Human Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa.
| | - Martin Amogre Ayanore
- Department of Family and Community Health, School of Public Health, University of Health and Allied Sciences, Ho, Volta Region, Ghana
| | - Hubert Amu
- Department of Population and Behavioural Sciences, School of Public Health, University of Health and Allied Sciences, Ho, Volta Region, Ghana
| | - Kwaku Oppong Asante
- Discipline of Psychology, School of Applied Human Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa; Department of Psychology, University of Ghana, Legon, Ghana
| | - Awolu Adam
- Department of Family and Community Health, School of Public Health, University of Health and Allied Sciences, Ho, Volta Region, Ghana
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