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Rojas A, Shen J, Cardozo F, Bernal C, Caballero O, Ping S, Key A, Haider A, de Guillén Y, Langjahr P, Acosta ME, Aria L, Mendoza L, Páez M, Von-Horoch M, Luraschi P, Cabral S, Sánchez MC, Torres A, Pinsky BA, Piantadosi A, Waggoner JJ. Characterization of Dengue Virus 4 Cases in Paraguay, 2019-2020. Viruses 2024; 16:181. [PMID: 38399957 PMCID: PMC10892180 DOI: 10.3390/v16020181] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2023] [Revised: 01/16/2024] [Accepted: 01/21/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024] Open
Abstract
In 2019-2020, dengue virus (DENV) type 4 emerged to cause the largest DENV outbreak in Paraguay's history. This study sought to characterize dengue relative to other acute illness cases and use phylogenetic analysis to understand the outbreak's origin. Individuals with an acute illness (≤7 days) were enrolled and tested for DENV nonstructural protein 1 (NS1) and viral RNA by real-time RT-PCR. Near-complete genome sequences were obtained from 62 DENV-4 positive samples. From January 2019 to March 2020, 799 participants were enrolled: 253 dengue (14 severe dengue, 5.5%) and 546 other acute illness cases. DENV-4 was detected in 238 dengue cases (94.1%). NS1 detection by rapid test was 52.5% sensitive (53/101) and 96.5% specific (387/401) for dengue compared to rRT-PCR. DENV-4 sequences were grouped into two clades within genotype II. No clustering was observed based on dengue severity, location, or date. Sequences obtained here were most closely related to 2018 DENV-4 sequences from Paraguay, followed by a 2013 sequence from southern Brazil. DENV-4 can result in large outbreaks, including severe cases, and is poorly detected with available rapid diagnostics. Outbreak strains seem to have been circulating in Paraguay and Brazil prior to 2018, highlighting the importance of sustained DENV genomic surveillance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alejandra Rojas
- Instituto de Investigaciones en Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Nacional de Asunción, San Lorenzo 111241, Paraguay; (F.C.); (C.B.); (O.C.); (Y.d.G.); (M.E.A.); (L.A.); (L.M.); (M.P.)
| | - John Shen
- Rollins School of Public Health, Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA;
| | - Fátima Cardozo
- Instituto de Investigaciones en Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Nacional de Asunción, San Lorenzo 111241, Paraguay; (F.C.); (C.B.); (O.C.); (Y.d.G.); (M.E.A.); (L.A.); (L.M.); (M.P.)
- Departamento de Laboratorio de Análisis Clínicos, Hospital Central—Instituto de Previsión Social, Asunción 001531, Paraguay; (M.C.S.); (A.T.)
| | - Cynthia Bernal
- Instituto de Investigaciones en Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Nacional de Asunción, San Lorenzo 111241, Paraguay; (F.C.); (C.B.); (O.C.); (Y.d.G.); (M.E.A.); (L.A.); (L.M.); (M.P.)
| | - Oliver Caballero
- Instituto de Investigaciones en Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Nacional de Asunción, San Lorenzo 111241, Paraguay; (F.C.); (C.B.); (O.C.); (Y.d.G.); (M.E.A.); (L.A.); (L.M.); (M.P.)
| | - Sara Ping
- Department of Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases, Emory University, 1760 Haygood Drive NE, Room E-169, Bay E-1, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA; (S.P.); (A.H.); (A.P.)
| | - Autum Key
- Department of Pathology, Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA;
| | - Ali Haider
- Department of Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases, Emory University, 1760 Haygood Drive NE, Room E-169, Bay E-1, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA; (S.P.); (A.H.); (A.P.)
| | - Yvalena de Guillén
- Instituto de Investigaciones en Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Nacional de Asunción, San Lorenzo 111241, Paraguay; (F.C.); (C.B.); (O.C.); (Y.d.G.); (M.E.A.); (L.A.); (L.M.); (M.P.)
| | - Patricia Langjahr
- Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad Nacional de Asunción, Campus Universitario, San Lorenzo 111421, Paraguay;
| | - Maria Eugenia Acosta
- Instituto de Investigaciones en Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Nacional de Asunción, San Lorenzo 111241, Paraguay; (F.C.); (C.B.); (O.C.); (Y.d.G.); (M.E.A.); (L.A.); (L.M.); (M.P.)
| | - Laura Aria
- Instituto de Investigaciones en Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Nacional de Asunción, San Lorenzo 111241, Paraguay; (F.C.); (C.B.); (O.C.); (Y.d.G.); (M.E.A.); (L.A.); (L.M.); (M.P.)
| | - Laura Mendoza
- Instituto de Investigaciones en Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Nacional de Asunción, San Lorenzo 111241, Paraguay; (F.C.); (C.B.); (O.C.); (Y.d.G.); (M.E.A.); (L.A.); (L.M.); (M.P.)
| | - Malvina Páez
- Instituto de Investigaciones en Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Nacional de Asunción, San Lorenzo 111241, Paraguay; (F.C.); (C.B.); (O.C.); (Y.d.G.); (M.E.A.); (L.A.); (L.M.); (M.P.)
| | - Marta Von-Horoch
- Departamento de Epidemiología, Hospital Central—Instituto de Previsión Social, Asunción 001531, Paraguay; (M.V.-H.); (P.L.); (S.C.)
| | - Patricia Luraschi
- Departamento de Epidemiología, Hospital Central—Instituto de Previsión Social, Asunción 001531, Paraguay; (M.V.-H.); (P.L.); (S.C.)
| | - Sandra Cabral
- Departamento de Epidemiología, Hospital Central—Instituto de Previsión Social, Asunción 001531, Paraguay; (M.V.-H.); (P.L.); (S.C.)
| | - María Cecilia Sánchez
- Departamento de Laboratorio de Análisis Clínicos, Hospital Central—Instituto de Previsión Social, Asunción 001531, Paraguay; (M.C.S.); (A.T.)
| | - Aurelia Torres
- Departamento de Laboratorio de Análisis Clínicos, Hospital Central—Instituto de Previsión Social, Asunción 001531, Paraguay; (M.C.S.); (A.T.)
| | - Benjamin A. Pinsky
- Department of Pathology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA;
- Department of Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases and Geographic Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Anne Piantadosi
- Department of Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases, Emory University, 1760 Haygood Drive NE, Room E-169, Bay E-1, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA; (S.P.); (A.H.); (A.P.)
- Department of Pathology, Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA;
| | - Jesse J. Waggoner
- Rollins School of Public Health, Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA;
- Department of Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases, Emory University, 1760 Haygood Drive NE, Room E-169, Bay E-1, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA; (S.P.); (A.H.); (A.P.)
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Parra Barrera EL, Reales-González J, Salas D, Reyes Santamaría E, Bello S, Rico A, Pardo L, Parra E, Rodriguez K, Alarcon Z, Guerra Vega AP, Porras MA, Gomez-Rangel SY, Duarte C, Moreno J. Fatal acute undifferentiated febrile illness among clinically suspected leptospirosis cases in Colombia, 2016-2019. PLoS Negl Trop Dis 2023; 17:e0011683. [PMID: 37844106 PMCID: PMC10602388 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pntd.0011683] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2023] [Revised: 10/26/2023] [Accepted: 09/26/2023] [Indexed: 10/18/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Acute undifferentiated febrile illness is a common challenge for clinicians, especially in tropical and subtropical countries. Incorrect or delayed diagnosis of febrile patients may result in medical complications or preventable deaths. Common causes of acute undifferentiated febrile illness in Colombia include leptospirosis, rickettsioses, dengue fever, malaria, chikungunya, and Zika virus infection. In this study, we described the acute undifferentiated febrile illness in postmortem patients reported as suspected cases of leptospirosis through the national leptospirosis surveillance in Colombia, 2016-2019. METHODOLOGY/PRINCIPAL FINDINGS We retrospectively analyze human fresh and formalin-fixed tissue samples from fatal suspected leptospirosis cases reported by the Public Health Laboratories in Colombia. Leptospirosis confirmation was made by immunohistochemistry, real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR) in the tissue samples. In some cases, the serum sample was used for confirmation by Microagglutination test (MAT). Simultaneously, tissue samples were tested by PCR for the most common viral (dengue, Zika, and chikungunya), bacterial (Brucella spp., and Rickettsia spp.), and parasitic (malaria). Fresh tissue samples from 92 fatal suspected leptospirosis cases were reported to the National Reference Laboratory from 22/32 departments in Colombia. We confirmed leptospirosis in 27% (25/92) of cases. Other pathogens identified by real-time PCR were Brucella spp. (10.9%), Rickettsia spp. (14.1%), and dengue (2.2%). Dengue (6.9%), hepatitis (3.5%), and Yellow Fever cases (2.2%) were detected by the pathology. All patients were negative for chikungunya and Plasmodium spp. Most cases were classified as undifferentiated febrile illnesses (45.7%; 42/92). CONCLUSIONS/SIGNIFICANCE This study underscores the importance of early and accurate recognition of leptospirosis to prevent mortalities. Moreover, it draws attention to the existence of other febrile syndromes in Colombia, including rickettsiosis and brucellosis, that currently lack sufficient human surveillance and regular reporting. Expanding laboratory surveillance to include viruses such as Hantavirus, Mayaro virus, Oropouche virus, and West Nile virus is crucial.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eliana L Parra Barrera
- Grupo de Microbiología, Subdirección Laboratorio Nacional de Referencia. Dirección de Redes en Salud Pública, Instituto Nacional de Salud, Bogotá, Colombia
- Grupo de Virología, Subdirección Laboratorio Nacional de Referencia. Dirección de Redes en Salud Pública, Instituto Nacional de Salud, Bogotá, Colombia
| | - Jhonatan Reales-González
- Grupo de Microbiología, Subdirección de Investigación en Salud Pública. Instituto Nacional de Salud, Bogotá, Colombia
| | - Daniela Salas
- Grupo de Enfermedades Transmitidas por Vectores y Zoonosis, Instituto Nacional de Salud, Bogotá, Colombia
| | - Elizabeth Reyes Santamaría
- Departamento de Medicina interna y Departamento de Medicina crítica y cuidados intensivos. Hospital Universitario Fundación Santa Fe de Bogotá, Colombia
| | - Solmara Bello
- Grupo de Microbiología, Subdirección Laboratorio Nacional de Referencia. Dirección de Redes en Salud Pública, Instituto Nacional de Salud, Bogotá, Colombia
| | - Angélica Rico
- Grupo de Virología, Subdirección Laboratorio Nacional de Referencia. Dirección de Redes en Salud Pública, Instituto Nacional de Salud, Bogotá, Colombia
- Grupo de Enfermedades Transmisibles Prevenibles por Vacunación en Salud, Dirección de Vigilancia y Análisis del Riesgo en Salud Pública, Instituto Nacional de Salud, Bogotá, Colombia
| | - Lissethe Pardo
- Grupo de Virología, Subdirección Laboratorio Nacional de Referencia. Dirección de Redes en Salud Pública, Instituto Nacional de Salud, Bogotá, Colombia
| | - Edgar Parra
- Grupo de Patología, Subdirección Laboratorio Nacional de Referencia. Dirección de Redes en Salud Pública, Instituto Nacional de Salud, Bogotá, Colombia
| | - Karina Rodriguez
- Grupo de Microbiología, Subdirección Laboratorio Nacional de Referencia. Dirección de Redes en Salud Pública, Instituto Nacional de Salud, Bogotá, Colombia
| | - Zonía Alarcon
- Grupo de Microbiología, Subdirección de Investigación en Salud Pública. Instituto Nacional de Salud, Bogotá, Colombia
| | - Angela Patricia Guerra Vega
- Grupo de Parasitología, Subdirección Laboratorio Nacional de Referencia. Dirección de Redes en Salud Pública, Instituto Nacional de Salud, Bogotá, Colombia
| | - Mayra A Porras
- Grupo de Virología, Subdirección Laboratorio Nacional de Referencia. Dirección de Redes en Salud Pública, Instituto Nacional de Salud, Bogotá, Colombia
| | - Sergio Yebrail Gomez-Rangel
- Grupo de Virología, Subdirección Laboratorio Nacional de Referencia. Dirección de Redes en Salud Pública, Instituto Nacional de Salud, Bogotá, Colombia
| | - Carolina Duarte
- Grupo de Microbiología, Subdirección Laboratorio Nacional de Referencia. Dirección de Redes en Salud Pública, Instituto Nacional de Salud, Bogotá, Colombia
| | - Jaime Moreno
- Grupo de Microbiología, Subdirección de Investigación en Salud Pública. Instituto Nacional de Salud, Bogotá, Colombia
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Rivera JA, Rengifo AC, Rosales-Munar A, Díaz-Herrera TH, Ciro JU, Parra E, Alvarez-Díaz DA, Laiton-Donato K, Caldas ML. Genotyping of dengue virus from infected tissue samples embedded in paraffin. Virol J 2023; 20:100. [PMID: 37231481 DOI: 10.1186/s12985-023-02072-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2023] [Accepted: 05/14/2023] [Indexed: 05/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Dengue has become one of the vector-borne diseases that affect humans worldwide. In Latin American countries, Colombia is historically one of the most affected by epidemics of this flavivirus. The underreporting of signs and symptoms of probable cases of dengue, the lack of characterization of the serotypes of the infection, and the few detailed studies of postmortem necropsies of patients are among other conditions that have delayed progress in the knowledge of the pathogenesis of the disease. This study presents the results of fragment sequencing assays on paraffin-embedded tissue samples from fatal DENV cases during the 2010 epidemic in Colombia. We found that the predominant serotype was DENV-2, with the Asian/American genotype of lineages 1 and 2. This work is one of the few reports of the circulating genotypes of dengue during the 2010 epidemic in Colombia, one of the most lethal dates in the country's history.
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Grants
- contract 757 project 2013 Instituto Nacional de Salud (INS), Dirección de Investigación en Salud Pública (DISP), and the Colombian Department of Science, Technology, and Innovation (Minciencias)
- contract 757 project 2013 Instituto Nacional de Salud (INS), Dirección de Investigación en Salud Pública (DISP), and the Colombian Department of Science, Technology, and Innovation (Minciencias)
- contract 757 project 2013 Instituto Nacional de Salud (INS), Dirección de Investigación en Salud Pública (DISP), and the Colombian Department of Science, Technology, and Innovation (Minciencias)
- contract 757 project 2013 Instituto Nacional de Salud (INS), Dirección de Investigación en Salud Pública (DISP), and the Colombian Department of Science, Technology, and Innovation (Minciencias)
- contract 757 project 2013 Instituto Nacional de Salud (INS), Dirección de Investigación en Salud Pública (DISP), and the Colombian Department of Science, Technology, and Innovation (Minciencias)
- contract 757 project 2013 Instituto Nacional de Salud (INS), Dirección de Investigación en Salud Pública (DISP), and the Colombian Department of Science, Technology, and Innovation (Minciencias)
- contract 757 project 2013 Instituto Nacional de Salud (INS), Dirección de Investigación en Salud Pública (DISP), and the Colombian Department of Science, Technology, and Innovation (Minciencias)
- contract 757 project 2013 Instituto Nacional de Salud (INS), Dirección de Investigación en Salud Pública (DISP), and the Colombian Department of Science, Technology, and Innovation (Minciencias)
- contract 757 project 2013 Instituto Nacional de Salud (INS), Dirección de Investigación en Salud Pública (DISP), and the Colombian Department of Science, Technology, and Innovation (Minciencias)
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Affiliation(s)
- Jorge Alonso Rivera
- Dirección de investigación en Salud Pública, Grupo de Morfología Celular, Instituto Nacional de Salud, Avenue 26 No. 51-20 - Zone 6 CAN, Bogotá, Colombia
| | - Aura Caterine Rengifo
- Dirección de investigación en Salud Pública, Grupo de Morfología Celular, Instituto Nacional de Salud, Avenue 26 No. 51-20 - Zone 6 CAN, Bogotá, Colombia.
| | - Alicia Rosales-Munar
- Dirección de investigación en Salud Pública, Grupo de Morfología Celular, Instituto Nacional de Salud, Avenue 26 No. 51-20 - Zone 6 CAN, Bogotá, Colombia
| | - Taylor H Díaz-Herrera
- Dirección de investigación en Salud Pública, Grupo de Morfología Celular, Instituto Nacional de Salud, Avenue 26 No. 51-20 - Zone 6 CAN, Bogotá, Colombia
| | - José Usme Ciro
- CIST-Centro de Investigaciones en Salud Para el Trópico, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Cooperativa de Colombia, Santa Marta, 47003, Colombia
| | - Edgar Parra
- Dirección de Redes en Salud Pública, Grupo de Patología, Instituto Nacional de Salud, Bogotá, Colombia
| | - Diego A Alvarez-Díaz
- Dirección de investigación en Salud Pública, Grupo de Genómica de Microorganismos Emergentes, Instituto Nacional de Salud, Bogotá, Colombia
| | - Katherine Laiton-Donato
- Dirección de investigación en Salud Pública, Grupo de Genómica de Microorganismos Emergentes, Instituto Nacional de Salud, Bogotá, Colombia
| | - María Leonor Caldas
- Dirección de investigación en Salud Pública, Grupo de Morfología Celular, Instituto Nacional de Salud, Avenue 26 No. 51-20 - Zone 6 CAN, Bogotá, Colombia
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Gómez M, Martínez D, Hernández C, Luna N, Patiño LH, Bohórquez Melo R, Suarez LA, Palma-Cuero M, Murcia LM, González Páez L, Estrada Bustos L, Medina MA, Ariza Campo K, Padilla HD, Zamora Flórez A, De las Salas JL, Muñoz M, Ramírez JD. Arbovirus infection in Aedes aegypti from different departments of Colombia. Front Ecol Evol 2022. [DOI: 10.3389/fevo.2022.999169] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The lack of precise and timely knowledge about the molecular epidemiology of arboviruses of public health importance, particularly in the vector, has limited the comprehensive control of arboviruses. In Colombia and the Americas, entomovirological studies are scarce. Therefore, this study aimed to describe the frequency of natural infection and/or co-infection by Dengue (DENV), Zika (ZIKV), and Chikungunya (CHIKV) in Aedes spp. circulating in different departments of Colombia (Amazonas, Boyacá, Magdalena, and Vichada) and identifying vector species by barcoding. Aedes mosquitoes were collected in departments with reported prevalence or incidence of arbovirus cases during 2020–2021, located in different biogeographic zones of the country: Amazonas, Boyacá, Magdalena, and Vichada. The insects were processed individually for RNA extraction, cDNA synthesis, and subsequent detection of DENV (serotypes DENV1-4 by multiplex PCR), CHIKV, and ZIKV (qRT-PCR). The positive mosquitoes for arboviruses were sequenced (Sanger method) using the subunit I of the cytochrome oxidase (COI) gene for species-level identification. In total, 558 Aedes mosquitoes were captured, 28.1% (n = 157) predominantly infected by DENV in all departments. The serotypes with the highest frequency of infection were DENV-1 and DENV-2 with 10.7% (n = 58) and 14.5% (n = 81), respectively. Coinfections between serotypes represented 3.9% (n = 22). CHIKV infection was detected in one individual (0.2%), and ZIKV infections were not detected. All infected samples were identified as A. aegypti (100%). From the COI dataset (593 bp), high levels of haplotype diversity (H = 0.948 ± 0.012) and moderate nucleotide diversity (π = 0.0225 ± 0.003) were identified, suggesting recent population expansions. Constructed phylogenetic analyses showed our COI sequences’ association with lineage I, which was reported widespread and related to a West African conspecific. We conclude that natural infection in A. aegypti by arbovirus might reflect the country’s epidemiological behavior, with a higher incidence of serotypes DENV-1 and DENV-2, which may be associated with high seroprevalence and asymptomatic infections in humans. This study demonstrates the high susceptibility of this species to arbovirus infection and confirms that A. aegypti is the main vector in Colombia. The importance of including entomovirological surveillance strategy within public health systems to understand transmission dynamics and the potential risk to the population is highlighted herein.
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Calle-Tobón A, Pérez-Pérez J, Forero-Pineda N, Chávez OT, Rojas-Montoya W, Rúa-Uribe G, Gómez-Palacio A. Local-scale virome depiction in Medellín, Colombia, supports significant differences between Aedes aegypti and Aedes albopictus. PLoS One 2022; 17:e0263143. [PMID: 35895627 PMCID: PMC9328524 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0263143] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2022] [Accepted: 07/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Aedes spp. comprise the primary group of mosquitoes that transmit arboviruses such as dengue, Zika, and chikungunya viruses to humans, and thus these insects pose a significant burden on public health worldwide. Advancements in next-generation sequencing and metagenomics have expanded our knowledge on the richness of RNA viruses harbored by arthropods such as Ae. aegypti and Ae. albopictus. Increasing evidence suggests that vector competence can be modified by the microbiome (comprising both bacteriome and virome) of mosquitoes present in endemic zones. Using an RNA-seq-based metataxonomic approach, this study determined the virome structure, Wolbachia presence and mitochondrial diversity of field-caught Ae. aegypti and Ae. albopictus mosquitoes in Medellín, Colombia, a municipality with a high incidence of mosquito-transmitted arboviruses. The two species are sympatric, but their core viromes differed considerably in richness, diversity, and abundance; although the community of viral species identified was large and complex, the viromes were dominated by few virus species. BLAST searches of assembled contigs suggested that at least 17 virus species (16 of which are insect-specific viruses [ISVs]) infect the Ae. aegypti population. Dengue virus 3 was detected in one sample and it was the only pathogenic virus detected. In Ae. albopictus, up to 11 ISVs and one plant virus were detected. Therefore, the virome composition appears to be species-specific. The bacterial endosymbiont Wolbachia was identified in all Ae. albopictus samples and in some Ae. aegypti samples collected after 2017. The presence of Wolbachia sp. in Ae. aegypti was not related to significant changes in the richness, diversity, or abundance of this mosquito’s virome, although it was related to an increase in the abundance of Aedes aegypti To virus 2 (Metaviridae). The mitochondrial diversity of these mosquitoes suggested that the Ae. aegypti population underwent a change that started in the second half of 2017, which coincides with the release of Wolbachia-infected mosquitoes in Medellín, indicating that the population of wMel-infected mosquitoes released has introduced new alleles into the wild Ae. aegypti population of Medellín. However, additional studies are required on the dispersal speed and intergenerational stability of wMel in Medellín and nearby areas as well as on the introgression of genetic variants in the native mosquito population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arley Calle-Tobón
- Grupo Entomología Médica–GEM, Universidad de Antioquia, Medellín, Colombia
- * E-mail:
| | | | - Nicolás Forero-Pineda
- Laboratorio de Investigación en Genética Evolutiva–LIGE, Universidad Pedagógica y Tecnológica de Colombia, Tunja, Boyacá, Colombia
| | - Omar Triana Chávez
- Grupo de Biología y Control de Enfermedades Infecciosas–BCEI, Universidad de Antioquia, Medellín, Colombia
| | | | | | - Andrés Gómez-Palacio
- Laboratorio de Investigación en Genética Evolutiva–LIGE, Universidad Pedagógica y Tecnológica de Colombia, Tunja, Boyacá, Colombia
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Laboratory Findings in Patients with Probable Dengue Diagnosis from an Endemic Area in Colombia in 2018. Viruses 2021; 13:v13071401. [PMID: 34372606 PMCID: PMC8310201 DOI: 10.3390/v13071401] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2021] [Revised: 07/15/2021] [Accepted: 07/15/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
As demonstrated with the novel coronavirus pandemic, rapid and accurate diagnosis is key to determine the clinical characteristic of a disease and to improve vaccine development. Once the infected person is identified, hematological findings may be used to predict disease outcome and offer the correct treatment. Rapid and accurate diagnosis and clinical parameters are pivotal to track infections during clinical trials and set protection status. This is also applicable for re-emerging diseases like dengue fever, which causes outbreaks in Asia and Latin America every 4 to 5 years. Some areas in the US are also endemic for the transmission of dengue virus (DENV), the causal agent of dengue fever. However, significant number of DENV infections in rural areas are diagnosed solely by clinical and hematological findings because of the lack of availability of ELISA or PCR-based tests or the infrastructure to implement them in the near future. Rapid diagnostic tests (RDT) are a less sensitive, yet they represent a timely way of detecting DENV infections. The purpose of this study was to determine whether there is an association between hematological findings and the probability for an NS1-based DENV RDT to detect the DENV NS1 antigen. We also aimed to describe the hematological parameters that are associated with the diagnosis through each test.
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Carrillo-Hernandez MY, Ruiz-Saenz J, Jaimes-Villamizar L, Robledo-Restrepo SM, Martinez-Gutierrez M. Phylogenetic and evolutionary analysis of dengue virus serotypes circulating at the Colombian-Venezuelan border during 2015-2016 and 2018-2019. PLoS One 2021; 16:e0252379. [PMID: 34048474 PMCID: PMC8162668 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0252379] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2020] [Accepted: 05/15/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Dengue is an endemic disease in Colombia. Norte de Santander is a region on the border of Colombia and Venezuela and has reported the co-circulation and simultaneous co-infection of different serotypes of the dengue virus (DENV). This study aimed to conduct a phylogenetic analysis on the origin and genetic diversity of DENV strains circulating in this bordering region. Serum samples were collected from patients who were clinically diagnosed with febrile syndrome associated with dengue during two periods. These samples were tested for DENV and serotyping was performed using reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction. Subsequently, positive samples were amplified and the envelope protein gene of DENV was sequenced. Phylogenetic and phylogeographic analyses were performed using the sequences obtained. Basic local alignment search tool analysis confirmed that six and eight sequences belonged to DENV-1 and DENV-2, respectively. The phylogenetic analysis of DENV-1 showed that the sequences belonged to genotype V and clade I; they formed two groups: in the first group, two sequences showed a close phylogenetic relationship with strains from Ecuador and Panama, whereas the other four sequences were grouped with strains from Venezuela and Colombia. In the case of DENV-2, the analysis revealed that the sequences belonged to the Asian–American genotype and clade III. Furthermore, they formed two groups; in the first group, three sequences were grouped with strains from Colombia and Venezuela, whereas the other five were grouped with strains from Venezuela, Colombia and Honduras. This phylogenetic analysis suggests that the geographical proximity between Colombia and Venezuela is favourable for the export and import of different strains among serotypes or clades of the same DENV serotype, which could favour the spread of new outbreaks caused by new strains or genetic variants of this arbovirus. Therefore, this information highlights the importance of monitoring the transmission of DENV at border regions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marlen Yelitza Carrillo-Hernandez
- Grupo de Investigación en Ciencias Animales-GRICA, Universidad Cooperativa de Colombia, Bucaramanga, Colombia
- Programa de Estudio y Control de Enfermedades Tropicales-PECET, Universidad de Antioquia, Medellín, Colombia
| | - Julian Ruiz-Saenz
- Grupo de Investigación en Ciencias Animales-GRICA, Universidad Cooperativa de Colombia, Bucaramanga, Colombia
| | | | - Sara Maria Robledo-Restrepo
- Programa de Estudio y Control de Enfermedades Tropicales-PECET, Universidad de Antioquia, Medellín, Colombia
| | - Marlen Martinez-Gutierrez
- Grupo de Investigación en Ciencias Animales-GRICA, Universidad Cooperativa de Colombia, Bucaramanga, Colombia
- * E-mail:
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8
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Warnes CM, Santacruz-Sanmartín E, Bustos Carrillo F, Vélez ID. Surveillance and Epidemiology of Dengue in Medellín, Colombia from 2009 to 2017. Am J Trop Med Hyg 2021; 104:1719-1728. [PMID: 33755586 PMCID: PMC8103481 DOI: 10.4269/ajtmh.19-0728] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2019] [Accepted: 01/22/2021] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
Abstract
Dengue is the most prevalent arthropod-borne viral disease in humans, primarily transmitted by the Aedes aegypti mosquito. We conducted a descriptive analysis of dengue cases from 2009 to 2017 in Medellín, Colombia, using data available from the Secretariat of Health. We analyzed the burden of outbreak years on the healthcare system, risk of cases exhibiting severe illness, potential disease surveillance problems, gender and age as risk factors, and spatiotemporal patterns of disease occurrence. Our data consisted of 50,083 cases, separated based on whether they were diagnostic test negative, diagnostic test positive (primarily IgM ELISA), clinically confirmed, epidemiologically linked, or probable. We used dengue incidence to analyze epidemiological trends between our study years, related to human movement patterns, between gender and age-groups, and spatiotemporally. We used risk to analyze the severity of dengue cases between the study years. We identified human movement could contributed to dengue spread, and male individuals (incidence rate: 0.86; 95% CI: 0.76-0.96) and individuals younger than 15 years (incidence rate: 1.24; 95% CI: 1.13-1.34) have higher incidence of dengue and located critical parts of the city where dengue incidence was high. Analysis was limited by participant diagnostic information, data concerning circulating strains, and a lack of phylogenetic information. Understanding the characteristics of dengue is a fundamental part of improving the health outcomes of at-risk populations. This analysis will be useful to support studies and initiatives to counteract dengue and provide context to the surveillance data collected by the health authorities in Medellín.
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Affiliation(s)
- Colin M. Warnes
- Programa de Estudio y Control de Enfermedades Tropicales (PECET), Universidad de Antioquia, Medellín, Colombia
| | - Eduardo Santacruz-Sanmartín
- Programa de Estudio y Control de Enfermedades Tropicales (PECET), Universidad de Antioquia, Medellín, Colombia
| | | | - Iván Darío Vélez
- Programa de Estudio y Control de Enfermedades Tropicales (PECET), Universidad de Antioquia, Medellín, Colombia
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9
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Nova N, Deyle ER, Shocket MS, MacDonald AJ, Childs ML, Rypdal M, Sugihara G, Mordecai EA. Susceptible host availability modulates climate effects on dengue dynamics. Ecol Lett 2021; 24:415-425. [PMID: 33300663 PMCID: PMC7880875 DOI: 10.1111/ele.13652] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2020] [Accepted: 11/01/2020] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Experiments and models suggest that climate affects mosquito-borne disease transmission. However, disease transmission involves complex nonlinear interactions between climate and population dynamics, which makes detecting climate drivers at the population level challenging. By analysing incidence data, estimated susceptible population size, and climate data with methods based on nonlinear time series analysis (collectively referred to as empirical dynamic modelling), we identified drivers and their interactive effects on dengue dynamics in San Juan, Puerto Rico. Climatic forcing arose only when susceptible availability was high: temperature and rainfall had net positive and negative effects respectively. By capturing mechanistic, nonlinear and context-dependent effects of population susceptibility, temperature and rainfall on dengue transmission empirically, our model improves forecast skill over recent, state-of-the-art models for dengue incidence. Together, these results provide empirical evidence that the interdependence of host population susceptibility and climate drives dengue dynamics in a nonlinear and complex, yet predictable way.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicole Nova
- Department of Biology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Ethan R. Deyle
- Scripps Institution of Oceanography, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
- Department of Biology, Boston University, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Marta S. Shocket
- Department of Biology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Andrew J. MacDonald
- Department of Biology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
- Earth Research Institute & Bren School of Environmental Science and Management, University of California Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, CA, USA
| | - Marissa L. Childs
- Emmett Interdisciplinary Program in Environment and Resources, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Martin Rypdal
- Department of Mathematics and Statistics, UiT The Arctic University of Norway, Tromsø, Norway
| | - George Sugihara
- Scripps Institution of Oceanography, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
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10
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Seropositivity and history of hospitalisation for dengue in relation to anthropometric indices among Colombian children and adults. Epidemiol Infect 2021; 149:e58. [PMID: 33583455 PMCID: PMC8060849 DOI: 10.1017/s0950268821000388] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
The role of anthropometric status on dengue is uncertain. We investigated the relations between anthropometric characteristics (height, body mass index and waist circumference (WC)) and two dengue outcomes, seropositivity and hospitalisation, in a cross-sectional study of 2038 children (aged 2–15 years) and 408 adults (aged 18–72 years) from Bucaramanga, Colombia. Anthropometric variables were standardised by age and sex in children. Seropositivity was determined through immunoglobulin G antibodies; past hospitalisation for dengue was self-reported. We modelled the prevalence of each outcome by levels of anthropometric exposures using generalised estimating equations with restricted cubic splines. In children, dengue seropositivity was 60.8%; 9.9% of seropositive children reported prior hospitalisation for dengue. WC was positively associated with seropositivity in girls (90th vs. 10th percentile adjusted prevalence ratio (APR) = 1.19; 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.03–1.36). Among adults, dengue seropositivity was 95.1%; 8.1% of seropositive adults reported past hospitalisation. Height was inversely associated with seropositivity (APR = 0.90; 95% CI 0.83–0.99) and with hospitalisation history (APR = 0.19; 95% CI 0.04–0.79). WC was inversely associated with seropositivity (APR = 0.89; 95% CI 0.81–0.98). We conclude that anthropometry correlates with a history of dengue, but could not determine causation. Prospective studies are warranted to enhance causal inference on these questions.
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Dengue Infections in Colombia: Epidemiological Trends of a Hyperendemic Country. Trop Med Infect Dis 2020; 5:tropicalmed5040156. [PMID: 33022908 PMCID: PMC7709707 DOI: 10.3390/tropicalmed5040156] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2020] [Revised: 09/28/2020] [Accepted: 09/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Dengue is a major public health problem in hyperendemic countries like Colombia, the understanding of the epidemiological trends is important for the development of efficient public health policies. We conducted a systematic review of the epidemiologic data on dengue in Colombia from 1971 to 2020. A total of 375 relevant citations were identified, 36 of which fulfilled the inclusion criteria. The data of dengue and severe dengue cases, infection fatality rate, and serotype distribution were used to understand and identify gaps in the epidemiological knowledge in Colombia. The epidemiology of dengue in this country was characterized by five main outbreaks in 1998, 2002, 2010, 2013, and 2019 with high fatality rates in comparison with the average values reported in the Americas. The case fatality rate of severe dengue exceeded 2% and all four serotypes co-circulate throughout the country with some regional variations. Overall, the behavior of dengue in Colombia is influenced by multiple factors including seasonal temperature variation and socioeconomic conditions. Additionally, the most important barriers in the epidemiological surveillance of dengue may be due to the insufficient notification rate in some regions and the low active search for the circulation of different serotypes.
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12
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Estupiñán Cárdenas MI, Herrera VM, Miranda Montoya MC, Lozano Parra A, Zaraza Moncayo ZM, Flórez García JP, Rodríguez Barraquer I, Villar Centeno LÁ. Heterogeneity of dengue transmission in an endemic area of Colombia. PLoS Negl Trop Dis 2020; 14:e0008122. [PMID: 32925978 PMCID: PMC7571714 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pntd.0008122] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2019] [Revised: 10/19/2020] [Accepted: 02/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Population based serological surveys are the gold-standard to quantify dengue (DENV) transmission. The purpose of this study was to estimate the age-specific seroprevalence and the force of infection of DENV in an endemic area of Colombia. Between July and October 2014, we conducted a household based cross-sectional survey among 1.037 individuals aged 2 to 40 years living in 40 randomly selected locations in urban Piedecuesta, Santander, Colombia. In addition, we also enrolled 246 indviduals living in rural "veredas". Participants were asked to answer a questionnaire that included demographic, socioeconomic and environmental questions and to provide a 5 ml blood sample. Sera were tested using the IgG indirect ELISA (Panbio) kit to determine past DENV infection. The overall DENV seroprevalence was 70% (95% CI = 67%-71%), but was significantly higher in urban (81%, 95% CI = 78%-83%) as compared to rural (21%, 95% CI = 17%-27%) locations. Age was a major predictor of seropositivity, consistent with endemic circulation of the virus. Using catalytic models we estimated that on average, 12% (95%CI = 11%-13%) of susceptible individuals living in the city are infected by DENV each year. Beyond age, the only predictor of seropositivity in urban locations was prior history of dengue diagnosed by a physician (aPR 1.15, 95% CI = 0.98-1.35). Among participants living in rural settings, those that reported traveling outside of their vereda were more likely to be seropositive (aPR 3.60, 95%CI = 1.54-8.42) as well as those who were born outside of Santander department (aPR = 2.77, 95%CI = 1.20-6.37). These results are consistent with long term endemic circulation of DENV in Piedecuesta, with large heterogeneities between urban and rural areas located just a few kilometers apart. Design of DENV control interventions, including vaccination, will need to consider this fine scale spatial heterogeneity.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Víctor Mauricio Herrera
- Grupo de Epidemiología Clínica, Universidad Industrial de Santander, Bucaramanga, Santander, Colombia
| | | | - Anyela Lozano Parra
- Grupo de Epidemiología Clínica, Universidad Industrial de Santander, Bucaramanga, Santander, Colombia
| | | | | | - Isabel Rodríguez Barraquer
- Division of HIV, ID and Global Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California, United States of America
| | - Luis Ángel Villar Centeno
- Grupo de Epidemiología Clínica, Universidad Industrial de Santander, Bucaramanga, Santander, Colombia
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13
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Lim JK, Carabali M, Camacho E, Velez DC, Trujillo A, Egurrola J, Lee KS, Velez ID, Osorio JE. Epidemiology and genetic diversity of circulating dengue viruses in Medellin, Colombia: a fever surveillance study. BMC Infect Dis 2020; 20:466. [PMID: 32615988 PMCID: PMC7331258 DOI: 10.1186/s12879-020-05172-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2019] [Accepted: 06/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Dengue fever is a major public health problem in Colombia. A fever surveillance study was conducted for evaluation of the clinical, epidemiological, and molecular patterns of dengue, prior to Chikungunya and Zika epidemics. Methods In November 2011–February 2014, a passive facility-based surveillance was implemented in Santa Cruz Hospital, Medellin, and enrolled eligible febrile patients between 1 and 65 years-of-age. Acute and convalescent blood samples were collected 10–21 days apart and tested for dengue using IgM/IgG ELISA. RNA was extracted for serotyping using RT-PCR on acute samples and genotyping was performed by sequencing. Results Among 537 febrile patients enrolled during the study period, 29% (n = 155) were identified to be dengue-positive. Only 7% of dengue cases were hospitalized, but dengue-positive patients were 2.6 times more likely to be hospitalized, compared to non-dengue cases, based on a logistic regression. From those tested with RT-PCR (n = 173), 17 were dengue-confirmed based on PCR and/or virus isolation showing mostly DENV-3 (n = 9) and DENV-4 (n = 7) with 1 DENV-1. Genotyping results showed that: DENV-1 isolate belongs to the genotype V or American/African genotype; DENV-3 isolates belong to genotype III; and DENV-4 isolates belong to the II genotype and specifically to the IIb sub-genotype or linage. Conclusions Our surveillance documented considerable dengue burden in Santa Cruz comuna during non-epidemic years, and genetic diversity of circulating DENV isolates, captured prior to Chikungunya epidemic in 2014 and Zika epidemic in 2015. Our study findings underscore the need for continued surveillance and monitoring of dengue and other arboviruses and serve as epidemiological and molecular evidence base for future studies to assess changes in DENV transmission in Medellin, given emerging and re-emerging arboviral diseases in the region.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jacqueline Kyungah Lim
- Dengue Vaccine Initiative, International Vaccine Institute, SNU Research Park, 1 Gwanak-ro, Gwanak-gu, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea.
| | - Mabel Carabali
- Dengue Vaccine Initiative, International Vaccine Institute, SNU Research Park, 1 Gwanak-ro, Gwanak-gu, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea.,Department of Epidemiology, Biostatistics and Occupational Health, McGill University, 845 Sherbrooke St., W, Montreal, Quebec, H3A 0G4, Canada
| | - Erwin Camacho
- Investigaciones Biomedicas, Universidad de Sucre, Cra 28 # 5-267, Barrio Puerta Roja, Sincelejo, Sucre, Colombia
| | - Diana Carolina Velez
- Programa de Estudio y Control de Enfermedades Tropicales (PECET), Universidad de Antioquia, calle 67 No. 53, 108, Medellín, Antioquia, Colombia
| | - Andrea Trujillo
- Programa de Estudio y Control de Enfermedades Tropicales (PECET), Universidad de Antioquia, calle 67 No. 53, 108, Medellín, Antioquia, Colombia
| | - Jorge Egurrola
- Programa de Estudio y Control de Enfermedades Tropicales (PECET), Universidad de Antioquia, calle 67 No. 53, 108, Medellín, Antioquia, Colombia
| | - Kang-Sung Lee
- Dengue Vaccine Initiative, International Vaccine Institute, SNU Research Park, 1 Gwanak-ro, Gwanak-gu, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Ivan Dario Velez
- Programa de Estudio y Control de Enfermedades Tropicales (PECET), Universidad de Antioquia, calle 67 No. 53, 108, Medellín, Antioquia, Colombia
| | - Jorge E Osorio
- Department of Pathobiological Sciences, University of Wisconsin, 500 Lincoln Dr, Madison, WI, 53706, USA
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14
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Blessmann J, Winkelmann Y, Keoviengkhone L, Sopraseuth V, Kann S, Hansen J, El Halas H, Emmerich P, Schmidt-Chanasit J, Schmitz H, Mika A, Deschermeier C. Assessment of diagnostic and analytic performance of the SD Bioline Dengue Duo test for dengue virus (DENV) infections in an endemic area (Savannakhet province, Lao People's Democratic Republic). PLoS One 2020; 15:e0230337. [PMID: 32182271 PMCID: PMC7077838 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0230337] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2020] [Accepted: 02/26/2020] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Rapid tests detecting both dengue virus (DENV) NS1 antigen and anti-DENV IgM and IgG antibodies facilitate diagnosis of dengue fever (DF) in resource-poor settings. Methodology/principal findings 92 acute phase serum samples from patients with a PCR-confirmed DENV infection collected in Lao People’s Democratic Republic (Lao PDR) in 2013 and 2015 were analyzed with the SD Bioline Dengue Duo test. A subset of 74 samples was additionally tested with the Platelia NS1 antigen test, the Panbio DENV μ-capture ELISA and the Panbio DENV IgG ELISA. IgM seroconversion was assayed using follow-up samples of 35 patients collected in the convalescent phase. 57.6%, 22.8% and 44.6% of acute phase serum samples tested positive in the SD Bioline Dengue Duo NS1, IgM, and IgG test, respectively. Diagnostic sensitivity of the SD Bioline Dengue Duo NS1 test strongly correlated with viral load, decreased rapidly over the acute phase of the disease, and was significantly reduced in presence of high anti-DENV IgG antibody titers resulting from secondary DENV infection. While a good concordance (Cohen’s kappa 0.78) was found between the SD Bioline Dengue Duo NS1 test and the Platelia NS1 antigen ELISA, both the SD Bioline Dengue Duo IgM and IgG test displayed a significantly lower sensitivity than the corresponding ELISA tests. Conclusions/significance The SD Bioline Dengue Duo test is a valuable tool for diagnosis of DENV infections especially when analyzing early acute phase samples with high viral load. Nevertheless, in endemic areas, where secondary flavivirus infections are common, diagnostic sensitivity of the NS1 and IgM test components may be compromised.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jörg Blessmann
- Department for Infectious Disease Epidemiology, Bernhard Nocht Institute for Tropical Medicine, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Yvonne Winkelmann
- Department for Infectious Disease Diagnostics, Bernhard Nocht Institute for Tropical Medicine, Hamburg, Germany
| | | | | | - Simone Kann
- Missionsärztliches Institut, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Jessica Hansen
- Department for Infectious Disease Diagnostics, Bernhard Nocht Institute for Tropical Medicine, Hamburg, Germany
| | | | - Petra Emmerich
- Department for Virology, Bernhard Nocht Institute for Tropical Medicine, Hamburg, Germany
- Department of Tropical Medicine and Infectious Diseases, Center of Internal Medicine II, University of Rostock, Rostock, Germany
| | - Jonas Schmidt-Chanasit
- WHO Collaborating Centre for Arbovirus and Haemorrhagic Fever Reference and Research, Bernhard Nocht Institute for Tropical Medicine, Hamburg, Germany
- Faculty of Mathematics, Informatics and Natural Sciences, University of Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Herbert Schmitz
- Department for Virology, Bernhard Nocht Institute for Tropical Medicine, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Angela Mika
- Department for Infectious Disease Diagnostics, Bernhard Nocht Institute for Tropical Medicine, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Christina Deschermeier
- Department for Infectious Disease Diagnostics, Bernhard Nocht Institute for Tropical Medicine, Hamburg, Germany
- * E-mail:
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15
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Maljkovic Berry I, Rutvisuttinunt W, Sippy R, Beltran-Ayala E, Figueroa K, Ryan S, Srikanth A, Stewart-Ibarra AM, Endy T, Jarman RG. The origins of dengue and chikungunya viruses in Ecuador following increased migration from Venezuela and Colombia. BMC Evol Biol 2020; 20:31. [PMID: 32075576 PMCID: PMC7031975 DOI: 10.1186/s12862-020-1596-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2019] [Accepted: 02/11/2020] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND In recent years, Ecuador and other South American countries have experienced an increase in arboviral diseases. A rise in dengue infections was followed by introductions of chikungunya and Zika, two viruses never before seen in many of these areas. Furthermore, the latest socioeconomic and political instability in Venezuela and the mass migration of its population into the neighboring countries has given rise to concerns of infectious disease spillover and escalation of arboviral spread in the region. RESULTS We performed phylogeographic analyses of dengue (DENV) and chikungunya (CHIKV) virus genomes sampled from a surveillance site in Ecuador in 2014-2015, along with genomes from the surrounding countries. Our results revealed at least two introductions of DENV, in 2011 and late 2013, that initially originated from Venezuela and/or Colombia. The introductions were subsequent to increases in the influx of Venezuelan and Colombian citizens into Ecuador, which in 2013 were 343% and 214% higher than in 2009, respectively. However, we show that Venezuela has historically been an important source of DENV dispersal in this region, even before the massive exodus of its population, suggesting already established paths of viral distribution. Like DENV, CHIKV was introduced into Ecuador at multiple time points in 2013-2014, but unlike DENV, these introductions were associated with the Caribbean. Our findings indicated no direct CHIKV connection between Ecuador, Colombia, and Venezuela as of 2015, suggesting that CHIKV was, at this point, not following the paths of DENV spread. CONCLUSION Our results reveal that Ecuador is vulnerable to arbovirus import from many geographic locations, emphasizing the need of continued surveillance and more diversified prevention strategies. Importantly, increase in human movement along established paths of viral dissemination, combined with regional outbreaks and epidemics, may facilitate viral spread and lead to novel virus introductions. Thus, strengthening infectious disease surveillance and control along migration routes and improving access to healthcare for the vulnerable populations is of utmost importance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Irina Maljkovic Berry
- Viral Diseases Branch, Walter Reed Army institute of Research, Silver Spring, MD, USA.
| | - Wiriya Rutvisuttinunt
- Viral Diseases Branch, Walter Reed Army institute of Research, Silver Spring, MD, USA
| | - Rachel Sippy
- Institute for Global Health and Translational Science, SUNY Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, NY, USA
| | - Efrain Beltran-Ayala
- Department of Medicine, Technical University of Machala, Machala, El Oro, Ecuador
| | - Katherine Figueroa
- Viral Diseases Branch, Walter Reed Army institute of Research, Silver Spring, MD, USA
| | - Sadie Ryan
- Quantitative Disease Ecology and Conservation (QDEC) Lab, Department of Geography, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA.,Emerging Pathogens Institute, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Abhinaya Srikanth
- Viral Diseases Branch, Walter Reed Army institute of Research, Silver Spring, MD, USA
| | - Anna M Stewart-Ibarra
- Institute for Global Health and Translational Science, SUNY Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, NY, USA.,Department of Medicine, SUNY Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, NY, USA.,Department of Montevideo, InterAmerican Institute for Global Change Research (IAI), Montevideo, Uruguay
| | - Timothy Endy
- Department of Medicine, SUNY Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, NY, USA.,Department of Microbiology and Immunology, SUNY Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, NY, USA
| | - Richard G Jarman
- Viral Diseases Branch, Walter Reed Army institute of Research, Silver Spring, MD, USA
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16
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Gutiérrez-Barbosa H, Castañeda NY, Castellanos JE. Differential replicative fitness of the four dengue virus serotypes circulating in Colombia in human liver Huh7 cells. Braz J Infect Dis 2019; 24:13-24. [PMID: 31843340 PMCID: PMC9392035 DOI: 10.1016/j.bjid.2019.11.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2019] [Revised: 11/12/2019] [Accepted: 11/24/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Dengue has been a significant public health problem in Colombia since the simultaneous circulation of the four dengue virus serotypes. The replicative fitness of dengue is a biological feature important for virus evolution and contributes to elucidating the behavior of virus populations and viral pathogenesis. However, it has not yet been studied in Colombian isolates. This study aimed to compare the replicative fitness of the four dengue virus serotypes and understand the association between the serotypes, their in vitro infection ability, and their replication in target cells. We used three isolates of each DENV serotype to infect Huh-7 cells at an MOI of 0.5. The percentage of infected cells was evaluated by flow cytometry, cell viability was evaluated by MTT assay, and the pathogenicity index was calculated as a ratio of both parameters. The replicative fitness was measured by the number of viral genome copies produced using quantitative PCR and the production of infectious viral progeny was measured by plaque assay. We showed that Huh-7 cells were susceptible to infection with all the different strain isolates. Nevertheless, the biological characteristics, such as infectious ability and cell viability, were strain-dependent. We also found different degrees of pathogenicity between strains of the four serotypes, representative of the heterogeneity displayed in the circulating population. When we analyzed the replicative fitness using the mean values obtained from RT-qPCR and plaque assay for the different strains, we found serotype-dependent behavior. The highest mean values of replicative fitness were obtained for DENV-1 (log 4.9 PFU/ml) and DENV-4 (log 5.28 PFU/ml), followed by DENV-2 (log 3.9 PFU/ml) and DENV-3 (log 4.31 PFU/ml). The internal heterogeneity of the replicative fitness within each serotype could explain the simultaneous circulation of the four DENV serotypes in Colombia.
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17
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Laiton-Donato K, Alvarez DA, Peláez-Carvajal D, Mercado M, Ajami NJ, Bosch I, Usme-Ciro JA. Molecular characterization of dengue virus reveals regional diversification of serotype 2 in Colombia. Virol J 2019; 16:62. [PMID: 31068191 PMCID: PMC6505283 DOI: 10.1186/s12985-019-1170-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2019] [Accepted: 04/25/2019] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Dengue is hyperendemic in Colombia, where a cyclic behavior of serotype replacement leading to periodic epidemics has been observed for decades. This level of endemicity favors accumulation of dengue virus genetic diversity and could be linked to disease outcome. To assess the genetic diversity of dengue virus type 2 in Colombia, we sequenced the envelope gene of 24 virus isolates from acute cases of dengue or severe dengue fever during the period 2013–2016. The phylogenetic analysis revealed the circulation of the Asian-American genotype of dengue virus type 2 in Colombia during that period, the intra-genotype variability leading to divergence in two recently circulating lineages with differential geographic distribution, as well as the presence of nonsynonymous substitutions accompanying their emergence and diversification.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katherine Laiton-Donato
- Grupo de Virología, Dirección de Redes en Salud Pública, Instituto Nacional de Salud, Avenida Calle 26 N° 51-20 CAN, Bogotá DC, Colombia
| | - Diego A Alvarez
- Grupo de Virología, Dirección de Redes en Salud Pública, Instituto Nacional de Salud, Avenida Calle 26 N° 51-20 CAN, Bogotá DC, Colombia
| | - Dioselina Peláez-Carvajal
- Grupo de Virología, Dirección de Redes en Salud Pública, Instituto Nacional de Salud, Avenida Calle 26 N° 51-20 CAN, Bogotá DC, Colombia
| | - Marcela Mercado
- Dirección de Vigilancia y Análisis del Riesgo en Salud Pública, Instituto Nacional de Salud, Bogotá DC, 111321, Colombia
| | - Nadim J Ajami
- Alkek Center for Metagenomics and Microbiome Research, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Irene Bosch
- Institute for Medical Engineering and Science, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, 02142-1601, USA
| | - José A Usme-Ciro
- Grupo de Virología, Dirección de Redes en Salud Pública, Instituto Nacional de Salud, Avenida Calle 26 N° 51-20 CAN, Bogotá DC, Colombia. .,Current Address: Centro de Investigación en Salud para el Trópico - CIST, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Cooperativa de Colombia, Troncal del Caribe Sector Mamatoco, Santa Marta, Colombia.
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