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Duplication, Loss, and Evolutionary Features of Specific UDP-Glucuronosyltransferase Genes in Carnivora (Mammalia, Laurasiatheria). Animals (Basel) 2022; 12:ani12212954. [DOI: 10.3390/ani12212954] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2022] [Revised: 10/17/2022] [Accepted: 10/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
UDP-glucuronosyltransferases (UGTs) are one of the most important enzymes for xenobiotic metabolism or detoxification. Through duplication and loss of genes, mammals evolved the species-specific variety of UGT isoforms. Among mammals, Carnivora is one of the orders that includes various carnivorous species, yet there is huge variation of food habitat. Recently, lower activity of UGT1A and 2B were shown in Felidae and pinnipeds, suggesting evolutional loss of these isoforms. However, comprehensive analysis for genetic or evolutional features are still missing. This study was conducted to reveal evolutional history of UGTs in Carnivoran species. We found specific gene expansion of UGT1As in Canidae, brown bear and black bear. We also found similar genetic duplication in UGT2Bs in Canidae, and some Mustelidae and Ursidae. In addition, we discovered contraction or complete loss of UGT1A7–12 in phocids, some otariids, felids, and some Mustelids. These studies indicate that even closely related species have completely different evolution of UGTs and further imply the difficulty of extrapolation of the pharmacokinetics and toxicokinetic result of experimental animals into wildlife carnivorans.
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Katagi T, Fujisawa T. Acute toxicity and metabolism of pesticides in birds. JOURNAL OF PESTICIDE SCIENCE 2021; 46:305-321. [PMID: 34908891 PMCID: PMC8640698 DOI: 10.1584/jpestics.d21-028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2021] [Accepted: 08/04/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
The median lethal dose of pesticide in acute oral toxicity, used as a conservative index in avian risk assessment, varies by the species with differences of less than one order of magnitude, depending on body size, feeding habit, and metabolic enzyme activity. The profiles of pesticide metabolism in birds with characteristic conjugations are basically common to those in mammals, but less information is available on their relevant enzymes. The higher toxicity of some pesticides in birds than in mammals is due to the lower activity of avian metabolic enzymes. The bioaccumulation in birds is limited for very hydrophobic pesticides resistant to metabolic degradation. Several in silico approaches using the descriptors of a pesticide molecule have recently been employed to estimate the profiles of acute oral toxicity and bioaccumulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Toshiyuki Katagi
- Bioscience Research Laboratory, Sumitomo Chemical Co., Ltd., 3–1–98 Kasugadenaka, Konohana-ku, Osaka 554–8558, Japan
| | - Takuo Fujisawa
- Environmental Health Science Laboratory, Sumitomo Chemical Co., Ltd., 4–2–1 Takatsukasa, Takarazuka, Hyogo 665–8555, Japan
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Hao S, Han K, Meng L, Huang X, Cao W, Shi C, Zhang M, Wang Y, Liu Q, Zhang Y, Sun H, Seim I, Xu X, Liu X, Fan G. African Arowana Genome Provides Insights on Ancient Teleost Evolution. iScience 2020; 23:101662. [PMID: 33134892 PMCID: PMC7586111 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2020.101662] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2020] [Revised: 08/27/2020] [Accepted: 10/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Osteoglossiformes is a basal clade of teleost, evolving since the Jurassic period. The genomes of Osteoglossiformes species would shed light on the evolution and adaptation of teleost. Here, we established a chromosome-level genome of African arowana. Together with the genomes of pirarucu and Asian arowana, we found that they diverged at ∼106.1 million years ago (MYA) and ∼59.2 MYA, respectively, which are coincident with continental separation. Interestingly, we identified a dynamic genome evolution characterized by a fast evolutionary rate and a high pseudogenization rate in African arowana and pirarucu. Additionally, more transposable elements were found in Asian arowana which confer more gene duplications. Moreover, we found the contraction of olfactory receptor and the expansion of UGT in African arowana might be related to its transformation from carnivore to be omnivore. Taken together, we provided valuable genomic resource of Osteoglossidae and revealed the correlation of biogeography and teleost evolution. An evolutionary model of Osteoglossidae along the continental drift is provided A faster evolving rate of African arowana than Asian arowana is revealed The gene duplications of Asian arowana are related to more class I TE insertions A mechanism of African arowana’s feeding habits transition is proposed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shijie Hao
- BGI Education Center, University of Chinese Academic of Sciences, Shenzhen 518083, China.,BGI-Qingqao, BGI-Shenzhen, Qingdao, 266555, China
| | - Kai Han
- BGI-Qingqao, BGI-Shenzhen, Qingdao, 266555, China
| | - Lingfeng Meng
- BGI Education Center, University of Chinese Academic of Sciences, Shenzhen 518083, China.,BGI-Qingqao, BGI-Shenzhen, Qingdao, 266555, China
| | | | - Wei Cao
- BGI-Shenzhen, Shenzhen 518083, China
| | - Chengcheng Shi
- BGI Education Center, University of Chinese Academic of Sciences, Shenzhen 518083, China.,BGI-Qingqao, BGI-Shenzhen, Qingdao, 266555, China
| | - Mengqi Zhang
- BGI-Qingqao, BGI-Shenzhen, Qingdao, 266555, China
| | - Yilin Wang
- BGI-Qingqao, BGI-Shenzhen, Qingdao, 266555, China
| | - Qun Liu
- BGI-Qingqao, BGI-Shenzhen, Qingdao, 266555, China
| | - Yaolei Zhang
- BGI-Qingqao, BGI-Shenzhen, Qingdao, 266555, China.,Department of Biotechnology and Biomedicine, Technical University of Denmark, Lyngby, 2800, Denmark
| | - Haixi Sun
- BGI-Shenzhen, Shenzhen 518083, China
| | - Inge Seim
- Integrative Biology Laboratory, College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, 210046, China.,School of Biology and Environmental Science, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane 4102, QLD, Australia
| | - Xun Xu
- BGI-Qingqao, BGI-Shenzhen, Qingdao, 266555, China.,BGI-Shenzhen, Shenzhen 518083, China.,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Genome Read and Write, BGI-Shenzhen, Shenzhen 518120, China
| | - Xin Liu
- BGI-Qingqao, BGI-Shenzhen, Qingdao, 266555, China.,BGI-Shenzhen, Shenzhen 518083, China.,State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Genomics, BGI-Shenzhen, Shenzhen 518083, China
| | - Guangyi Fan
- BGI-Qingqao, BGI-Shenzhen, Qingdao, 266555, China.,BGI-Shenzhen, Shenzhen 518083, China.,State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Genomics, BGI-Shenzhen, Shenzhen 518083, China
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Kawai YK, Shinya S, Ikenaka Y, Saengtienchai A, Kondo M, Darwish WS, Nakayama SMM, Mizukawa H, Ishizuka M. Characterization of function and genetic feature of UDP-glucuronosyltransferase in avian species. Comp Biochem Physiol C Toxicol Pharmacol 2019; 217:5-14. [PMID: 30476594 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpc.2018.11.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2018] [Accepted: 11/02/2018] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
Birds are exposed to many xenobiotics during their lifetime. For accurate prediction of xenobiotic-induced toxic effects on avian species, it is necessary to understand metabolic capacities in a comprehensive range of bird species. However, there is a lack of information about avian xenobiotic metabolizing enzymes (XMEs), particularly in wild birds. Uridine diphosphate glucuronosyltransferase (UGT) is an XME that plays an important role in phase II metabolism in the livers of mammals and birds. This study was performed to determine the characteristics of UGT1E isoform in avian species, those are related to mammals UGT 1A. To understand the characteristics of avian UGT1E isoforms, in vitro metabolic activity and genetic characteristics were investigated. Furthermore, mRNA expression levels of all chicken UGT1E isoforms were measured. On in vitro enzymatic analysis, the white-tailed eagle, great horned owl, and Humboldt penguin showed lower UGT-dependent activity than domestic birds. In synteny analysis, carnivorous birds were shown to have fewer UGT1E isoforms than herbivorous and omnivorous birds, which may explain why they have lower in vitro UGT activity. These observations suggested that raptors and seabirds, in which UGT activity is low, may be at high risk if exposed to elevated levels of xenobiotics in the environment. Phylogenetic analysis suggested that avian UGT1Es have evolved independently from mammalian UGT1As. We identified the important UGT isoforms, such as UGT1E13, and suspected their substrate specificities in avian xenobiotic metabolism by phylogenetic and quantitative real-time PCR analysis. This is the first report regarding the genetic characteristics and interspecies differences of UGT1Es in avian species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yusuke K Kawai
- Obihiro University of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine, Inada-cho, Obihiro, Hokkaido 080-8555, Japan
| | - So Shinya
- Laboratory of Toxicology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Hokkaido University, N18, W9, Kita-ku, Sapporo 060-0818, Japan
| | - Yoshinori Ikenaka
- Laboratory of Toxicology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Hokkaido University, N18, W9, Kita-ku, Sapporo 060-0818, Japan; Water Research Group, Unit for Environmental Sciences and Management, North-West University, Private Bag X6001, Potchefstroom 2520, South Africa
| | - Aksorn Saengtienchai
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Kasetsart University, 50 Ngam Wong Wan Rd, Lat Yao, Chatuchak, Bangkok 10900, Thailand
| | - Mitsuki Kondo
- Laboratory of Toxicology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Hokkaido University, N18, W9, Kita-ku, Sapporo 060-0818, Japan
| | - Wageh Sobhy Darwish
- Food Control Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig 44519, Egypt
| | - Shota M M Nakayama
- Laboratory of Toxicology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Hokkaido University, N18, W9, Kita-ku, Sapporo 060-0818, Japan
| | - Hazuki Mizukawa
- Laboratory of Toxicology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Hokkaido University, N18, W9, Kita-ku, Sapporo 060-0818, Japan
| | - Mayumi Ishizuka
- Laboratory of Toxicology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Hokkaido University, N18, W9, Kita-ku, Sapporo 060-0818, Japan.
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