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Sarkar M, Perez-Liva M, Renault G, Tavitian B, Gateau J. Motion Rejection and Spectral Unmixing for Accurate Estimation of In Vivo Oxygen Saturation Using Multispectral Optoacoustic Tomography. IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON ULTRASONICS, FERROELECTRICS, AND FREQUENCY CONTROL 2023; 70:1671-1681. [PMID: 37603493 DOI: 10.1109/tuffc.2023.3306592] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/23/2023]
Abstract
Multispectral optoacoustic tomography (MSOT) uniquely enables spatial mapping in high resolution of oxygen saturation (SO2), with potential applications in studying pathological complications and therapy efficacy. MSOT offers seamless integration with ultrasonography, by using a common ultrasound (US) detector array. However, MSOT relies on multiple successive acquisitions of optoacoustic (OA) images at different optical wavelengths and the low frame rate of OA imaging makes the MSOT acquisition sensitive to body/respiratory motion. Moreover, the estimation of SO2 is highly sensitive to noise, and artifacts related to the respiratory motion of the animal were identified as the primary source of noise in MSOT. In this work, we propose a two-step image processing method for SO2 estimation in deep tissues. First, to mitigate motion artifacts, we propose a method of selection of OA images acquired only during the respiratory pause of the animal, using ultrafast ultrasound (US) images acquired immediately after each OA acquisition (US image acquisition duration of 1.4 ms and a total delay of 7 ms). We show that gating is more effective using US images than OA images at different optical wavelengths. Second, we propose a novel method that can estimate directly the SO2 value of a pixel and at the same time evaluate the amount of noise present in that pixel. Hence, the method can efficiently eliminate the pixels dominated by noise from the final SO2 map. Our postprocessing method is shown to outperform conventional methods for SO2 estimation, and the method was validated by in vivo oxygen challenge experiments.
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Abstract
As a sign of chronic kidney disease (CKD) progression, renal fibrosis is an irreversible and alarming pathological change. The accurate diagnosis of renal fibrosis depends on the widely used renal biopsy, but this diagnostic modality is invasive and can easily lead to sampling error. With the development of imaging techniques, an increasing number of noninvasive imaging techniques, such as multipara meter magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and ultrasound elastography, have gained attention in assessing kidney fibrosis. Depending on their ability to detect changes in tissue stiffness and diffusion of water molecules, ultrasound elastography and some MRI techniques can indirectly assess the degree of fibrosis. The worsening of renal tissue oxygenation and perfusion measured by blood oxygenation level-dependent MRI and arterial spin labeling MRI separately is also an indirect reflection of renal fibrosis. Objective and quantitative indices of fibrosis may be available in the future by using novel techniques, such as photoacoustic imaging and fluorescence microscopy. However, these imaging techniques are susceptible to interference or may not be convenient. Due to the lack of sufficient specificity and sensitivity, these imaging techniques are neither widely accepted nor proposed by clinicians. These obstructions must be overcome by conducting technology research and more prospective studies. In this review, we emphasize the recent advancement of these noninvasive imaging techniques and provide clinicians a continuously updated perspective on the assessment of kidney fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Buchun Jiang
- Department of Nephrology, The Children’s Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health, National Children’s Regional Medical Center, Hangzhou, China
| | - Fei Liu
- Department of Nephrology, The Children’s Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health, National Children’s Regional Medical Center, Hangzhou, China
| | - Haidong Fu
- Department of Nephrology, The Children’s Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health, National Children’s Regional Medical Center, Hangzhou, China,CONTACT Haidong Fu
| | - Jianhua Mao
- Department of Nephrology, The Children’s Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health, National Children’s Regional Medical Center, Hangzhou, China,Jianhua Mao The Children’s Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health, National Children’s Regional Medical Center, 3333 Bingsheng Rd, Hangzhou, Zhejiang310052, China
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3
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Sweeney A, Arora A, Edwards S, Mallidi S. Ultrasound-guided Photoacoustic image Annotation Toolkit in MATLAB (PHANTOM) for preclinical applications. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2023:2023.11.07.565885. [PMID: 37986998 PMCID: PMC10659350 DOI: 10.1101/2023.11.07.565885] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2023]
Abstract
Depth-dependent fluence-compensation in photoacoustic (PA) imaging is paramount for accurate quantification of chromophores from deep tissues. Here we present a user-friendly toolkit named PHANTOM (PHotoacoustic ANnotation TOolkit for MATLAB) that includes a graphical interface and assists in the segmentation of ultrasound-guided PA images. We modelled the light source configuration with Monte Carlo eXtreme and utilized 3D segmented tissues from ultrasound to generate fluence maps to depth compensate PA images. The methodology was used to analyze PA images of phantoms with varying blood oxygenation and results were validated with oxygen electrode measurements. Two preclinical models, a subcutaneous tumor and a calcified placenta, were imaged and fluence-compensated using the PHANTOM toolkit and the results were verified with immunohistochemistry. The PHANTOM toolkit provides scripts and auxiliary functions to enable biomedical researchers not specialized in optical imaging to apply fluence correction to PA images, enhancing accessibility of quantitative PAI for researchers in various fields.
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Affiliation(s)
- Allison Sweeney
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Tufts University, Medford, MA, United States
| | - Aayush Arora
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Tufts University, Medford, MA, United States
| | - Skye Edwards
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Tufts University, Medford, MA, United States
| | - Srivalleesha Mallidi
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Tufts University, Medford, MA, United States
- Wellman Center for Photomedicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, United States
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4
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McLarnon SR, Johnson C, Sun J, Wei Q, Csanyi G, O'Herron P, Marshall B, Giddens P, Sullivan JC, Barrett A, O'Connor PM. Extravasation of Blood and Blood Toxicity Drives Tubular Injury from RBC Trapping in Ischemic AKI. FUNCTION 2023; 4:zqad050. [PMID: 37753180 PMCID: PMC10519276 DOI: 10.1093/function/zqad050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2023] [Revised: 08/04/2023] [Accepted: 08/24/2023] [Indexed: 09/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Red blood cell (RBC) trapping is common in ischemic acute kidney injury (AKI) and presents as densely packed RBCs that accumulate within and engorge the kidney medullary circulation. In this study, we tested the hypothesis that "RBC trapping directly promotes tubular injury independent of extending ischemia time." Studies were performed on rats. Red blood cell congestion and tubular injury were compared between renal arterial clamping, venous clamping, and venous clamping of blood-free kidneys. Vessels were occluded for either 15 or 45 min with and without reperfusion. We found that RBC trapping in the medullary capillaries occurred rapidly following reperfusion from renal arterial clamping and that this was associated with extravasation of blood from congested vessels, uptake of blood proteins by the tubules, and marked tubular injury. To determine if this injury was due to blood toxicity or an extension of ischemia time, we compared renal venous and arterial clamping without reperfusion. Venous clamping resulted in RBC trapping and marked tubular injury within 45 min of ischemia. Conversely, despite the same ischemia time, RBC trapping and tubular injury were minimal following arterial clamping without reperfusion. Confirming the role of blood toward tubular injury, injury was markedly reduced in blood-free kidneys with venous clamping. Our data demonstrate that RBC trapping results in the rapid extravasation and uptake of blood components by tubular cells, causing toxic tubular injury. Tubular toxicity from extravasation of blood following RBC trapping appears to be a major component of tubular injury in ischemic AKI, which has not previously been recognized.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah R McLarnon
- Department of Physiology, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, 30912, Augusta, GA, USA
- Department of Cell Biology and Physiology, School of Medicine, University of North Carolina, 27599, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Chloe Johnson
- Department of Physiology, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, 30912, Augusta, GA, USA
| | - Jingping Sun
- Department of Physiology, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, 30912, Augusta, GA, USA
| | - Qingqing Wei
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, 30912, Augusta, GA, USA
| | - Gabor Csanyi
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Augusta University, 30912, Augusta, GA, USA
| | - Phillip O'Herron
- Department of Physiology, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, 30912, Augusta, GA, USA
| | - Brendan Marshall
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, 30912, Augusta, GA, USA
| | - Priya Giddens
- Department of Physiology, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, 30912, Augusta, GA, USA
| | - Jennifer C Sullivan
- Department of Physiology, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, 30912, Augusta, GA, USA
| | - Amanda Barrett
- Department of Pathology, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, 30912, Augusta, GA, USA
| | - Paul M O'Connor
- Department of Physiology, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, 30912, Augusta, GA, USA
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5
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Yang Q, Yang L, Peng C, Zhu X, Wu Z, Huang L, Luo Y. Testicular torsion diagnosis and injury assessment using photoacoustic oxygenation imaging. PHOTOACOUSTICS 2023; 31:100499. [PMID: 37180959 PMCID: PMC10172716 DOI: 10.1016/j.pacs.2023.100499] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2022] [Revised: 04/19/2023] [Accepted: 04/24/2023] [Indexed: 05/16/2023]
Abstract
Testicular torsion (TT) is a medical emergency that requires immediate diagnostic evaluation. Photoacoustic imaging (PAI) has the potential to provide spatially resolved oxygen saturation (sO2), which can serve as a valuable marker in TT diagnosis. We investigated the potential of PAI as an alternative method for TT diagnosis and testicular injury assessment. We measured sO2 levels in different degrees of TT models using PAI at various time points. Based on histopathological results, we found that the averaged sO2 per pixel (sO2®) and reduction of sO2® (rsO2) in twisted testicles had significant correlations with hypoxic conditions. Both sO2® and rsO2 exhibited excellent diagnostic abilities in detecting TT and identifying ischemia/hypoxia injury following TT. Furthermore, PAI-measured sO2 demonstrated favorable diagnostic capabilities in discriminating if the testicle had suffered irreversible injury. In summary, PAI presents a potentially promising novel approach in evaluating TT and warrants further clinical investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qianru Yang
- Department of Ultrasound, West China Hospital/West China School of Medicine, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, People's Republic of China
| | - Lulu Yang
- Department of Ultrasound, West China Hospital/West China School of Medicine, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, People's Republic of China
| | - Chihan Peng
- Department of Ultrasound, West China Hospital/West China School of Medicine, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaoxia Zhu
- Department of Ultrasound, West China Hospital/West China School of Medicine, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhenru Wu
- Institute of Clinical Pathology, Key Laboratory of Transplant Engineering and Immunology, NHC, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, People's Republic of China
| | - Lin Huang
- School of Electronic Science and Engineering, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu 611731, People’s Republic of China
- Corresponding authors.
| | - Yan Luo
- Department of Ultrasound, West China Hospital/West China School of Medicine, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, People's Republic of China
- Corresponding authors.
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Zhao S, Hartanto J, Joseph R, Wu CH, Zhao Y, Chen YS. Hybrid photoacoustic and fast super-resolution ultrasound imaging. Nat Commun 2023; 14:2191. [PMID: 37072402 PMCID: PMC10113238 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-37680-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2022] [Accepted: 03/28/2023] [Indexed: 04/20/2023] Open
Abstract
The combination of photoacoustic (PA) imaging and ultrasound localization microscopy (ULM) with microbubbles has great potential in various fields such as oncology, neuroscience, nephrology, and immunology. Here we developed an interleaved PA/fast ULM imaging technique that enables super-resolution vascular and physiological imaging in less than 2 seconds per frame in vivo. By using sparsity-constrained (SC) optimization, we accelerated the frame rate of ULM up to 37 times with synthetic data and 28 times with in vivo data. This allows for the development of a 3D dual imaging sequence with a commonly used linear array imaging system, without the need for complicated motion correction. Using the dual imaging scheme, we demonstrated two in vivo scenarios challenging to image with either technique alone: the visualization of a dye-labeled mouse lymph node showing nearby microvasculature, and a mouse kidney microangiography with tissue oxygenation. This technique offers a powerful tool for mapping tissue physiological conditions and tracking the contrast agent biodistribution non-invasively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shensheng Zhao
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, USA
- Beckman Institute for Advanced Science and Technology, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, USA
- Holonyak Micro and Nanotechnology Laboratory, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, USA
| | - Jonathan Hartanto
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, USA
| | - Ritin Joseph
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, USA
| | | | - Yang Zhao
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, USA
- Holonyak Micro and Nanotechnology Laboratory, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, USA
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, USA
| | - Yun-Sheng Chen
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, USA.
- Beckman Institute for Advanced Science and Technology, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, USA.
- Holonyak Micro and Nanotechnology Laboratory, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, USA.
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, USA.
- Department of Biomedical and Translational Sciences, Carle Illinois College of Medicine, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, USA.
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Schleef M, Gonnot F, Pillot B, Leon C, Chanon S, Vieille-Marchiset A, Rabeyrin M, Bidaux G, Guebre-Egziabher F, Juillard L, Baetz D, Lemoine S. Mild Therapeutic Hypothermia Protects from Acute and Chronic Renal Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury in Mice by Mitigated Mitochondrial Dysfunction and Modulation of Local and Systemic Inflammation. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23169229. [PMID: 36012493 PMCID: PMC9409407 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23169229] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2022] [Revised: 08/08/2022] [Accepted: 08/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Renal ischemia-reperfusion (IR) injury can lead to acute kidney injury, increasing the risk of developing chronic kidney disease. We hypothesized that mild therapeutic hypothermia (mTH), 34 °C, applied during ischemia could protect the function and structure of kidneys against IR injuries in mice. In vivo bilateral renal IR led to an increase in plasma urea and acute tubular necrosis at 24 h prevented by mTH. One month after unilateral IR, kidney atrophy and fibrosis were reduced by mTH. Evaluation of mitochondrial function showed that mTH protected against IR-mediated mitochondrial dysfunction at 24 h, by preserving CRC and OX-PHOS. mTH completely abrogated the IR increase of plasmatic IL-6 and IL-10 at 24 h. Acute tissue inflammation was decreased by mTH (IL-6 and IL1-β) in as little as 2 h. Concomitantly, mTH increased TNF-α expression at 24 h. One month after IR, mTH increased TNF-α mRNA expression, and it decreased TGF-β mRNA expression. We showed that mTH alleviates renal dysfunction and damage through a preservation of mitochondrial function and a modulated systemic and local inflammatory response at the acute phase (2–24 h). The protective effect of mTH is maintained in the long term (1 month), as it diminished renal atrophy and fibrosis, and mitigated chronic renal inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maxime Schleef
- CarMeN Laboratory, Univ Lyon, INSERM, INRA, INSA Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, 69500 Bron, France
- Hospices Civils de Lyon, Médecine Intensive Réanimation, Hôpital Edouard Herriot, 69003 Lyon, France
| | - Fabrice Gonnot
- CarMeN Laboratory, Univ Lyon, INSERM, INRA, INSA Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, 69500 Bron, France
| | - Bruno Pillot
- CarMeN Laboratory, Univ Lyon, INSERM, INRA, INSA Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, 69500 Bron, France
| | - Christelle Leon
- CarMeN Laboratory, Univ Lyon, INSERM, INRA, INSA Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, 69500 Bron, France
| | - Stéphanie Chanon
- CarMeN Laboratory, Univ Lyon, INSERM, INRA, INSA Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, 69500 Bron, France
| | - Aurélie Vieille-Marchiset
- CarMeN Laboratory, Univ Lyon, INSERM, INRA, INSA Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, 69500 Bron, France
| | - Maud Rabeyrin
- Hospices Civils de Lyon, Anatomopathologie, Groupement Hospitalier Est, 69500 Bron, France
| | - Gabriel Bidaux
- CarMeN Laboratory, Univ Lyon, INSERM, INRA, INSA Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, 69500 Bron, France
| | - Fitsum Guebre-Egziabher
- CarMeN Laboratory, Univ Lyon, INSERM, INRA, INSA Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, 69500 Bron, France
- Hospices Civils de Lyon, Néphrologie-HTA-Dialyse, Hôpital Edouard Herriot, 69003 Lyon, France
| | - Laurent Juillard
- CarMeN Laboratory, Univ Lyon, INSERM, INRA, INSA Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, 69500 Bron, France
- Hospices Civils de Lyon, Néphrologie-HTA-Dialyse, Hôpital Edouard Herriot, 69003 Lyon, France
| | - Delphine Baetz
- CarMeN Laboratory, Univ Lyon, INSERM, INRA, INSA Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, 69500 Bron, France
- Correspondence: (D.B.); (S.L.)
| | - Sandrine Lemoine
- CarMeN Laboratory, Univ Lyon, INSERM, INRA, INSA Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, 69500 Bron, France
- Hospices Civils de Lyon, Explorations Fonctionnelles Rénales, Hôpital Edouard Herriot, 69003 Lyon, France
- Correspondence: (D.B.); (S.L.)
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8
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Subasinghe SAAS, Pautler RG, Samee MAH, Yustein JT, Allen MJ. Dual-Mode Tumor Imaging Using Probes That Are Responsive to Hypoxia-Induced Pathological Conditions. BIOSENSORS 2022; 12:bios12070478. [PMID: 35884281 PMCID: PMC9313010 DOI: 10.3390/bios12070478] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2022] [Revised: 06/22/2022] [Accepted: 06/26/2022] [Indexed: 05/02/2023]
Abstract
Hypoxia in solid tumors is associated with poor prognosis, increased aggressiveness, and strong resistance to therapeutics, making accurate monitoring of hypoxia important. Several imaging modalities have been used to study hypoxia, but each modality has inherent limitations. The use of a second modality can compensate for the limitations and validate the results of any single imaging modality. In this review, we describe dual-mode imaging systems for the detection of hypoxia that have been reported since the start of the 21st century. First, we provide a brief overview of the hallmarks of hypoxia used for imaging and the imaging modalities used to detect hypoxia, including optical imaging, ultrasound imaging, photoacoustic imaging, single-photon emission tomography, X-ray computed tomography, positron emission tomography, Cerenkov radiation energy transfer imaging, magnetic resonance imaging, electron paramagnetic resonance imaging, magnetic particle imaging, and surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy, and mass spectrometric imaging. These overviews are followed by examples of hypoxia-relevant imaging using a mixture of probes for complementary single-mode imaging techniques. Then, we describe dual-mode molecular switches that are responsive in multiple imaging modalities to at least one hypoxia-induced pathological change. Finally, we offer future perspectives toward dual-mode imaging of hypoxia and hypoxia-induced pathophysiological changes in tumor microenvironments.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Robia G. Pautler
- Department of Integrative Physiology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA; (R.G.P.); (M.A.H.S.)
| | - Md. Abul Hassan Samee
- Department of Integrative Physiology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA; (R.G.P.); (M.A.H.S.)
| | - Jason T. Yustein
- Integrative Molecular and Biomedical Sciences and the Department of Pediatrics in the Texas Children’s Cancer and Hematology Centers and The Faris D. Virani Ewing Sarcoma Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA;
| | - Matthew J. Allen
- Department of Chemistry, Wayne State University, 5101 Cass Avenue, Detroit, MI 48202, USA;
- Correspondence:
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9
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McLarnon SC, Johnson C, Giddens P, O'Connor PM. Hidden in Plain Sight: Does Medullary Red Blood Cell Congestion Provide the Explanation for Ischemic Acute Kidney Injury? Semin Nephrol 2022; 42:151280. [PMID: 36460572 DOI: 10.1016/j.semnephrol.2022.10.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Acute kidney injury (AKI) represents a sudden reduction in renal function and is a major clinical problem with a high mortality rate. Despite decades of research, there are currently no direct therapies for AKI. The failure of therapeutic approaches identified in rodents to translate to human beings has led to questions regarding the appropriateness of these models. Our recent data indicate that there are two distinct processes driving tubular injury in the commonly used rat model of warm bilateral renal ischemia reperfusion injury, which often is used to mimic ischemic AKI. One results from the period of warm ischemia, manifesting as sublethal injury and coagulative necrosis of the proximal tubules in the renal cortex. This is the predominate type of injury observed 24 hours after reperfusion and the most well studied. The other results from red blood cell congestion of the outer medullary vasculature. This type of injury manifests as cell sloughing, along with the later formation of heme casts that fill distal nephron segments. Cell sloughing from congestion is most prominent in the early hours after reperfusion and often is masked by regeneration of the tubular epithelium by 24 hours postischemia. In this review, we argue that injury from outer medullary red blood cell congestion reflects the pathology observed in human kidneys and likely is representative of injury in most cases of ischemic AKI after shock. Greater focus on this congestive injury is likely to lead to improved translation in AKI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah C McLarnon
- Department of Cell Biology and Physiology, School of Medicine, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC
| | - Chloe Johnson
- Department of Physiology, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, Georgia
| | - Priya Giddens
- Department of Physiology, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, Georgia
| | - Paul M O'Connor
- Department of Physiology, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, Georgia.
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10
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Thorpe RK, Walls WD, Corrigan R, Schaefer A, Wang K, Huygen P, Casavant TL, Smith RJH. AudioGene: refining the natural history of KCNQ4, GSDME, WFS1, and COCH-associated hearing loss. Hum Genet 2022; 141:877-887. [PMID: 35038006 PMCID: PMC9092196 DOI: 10.1007/s00439-021-02424-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2021] [Accepted: 12/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Autosomal dominant non-syndromic hearing loss (ADNSHL) displays gene-specific progression of hearing loss, which is amenable to sequential audioprofiling. We sought to refine the natural history of ADNSHL by examining audiometric data in 5-year increments. 2175 audiograms were included from four genetic causes of ADNSHL-KCNQ4 (DFNA2), GSDME (DFNA5), WFS1 (DFNA6/14/38), and COCH (DFNA9). Annual threshold deterioration (ATD) was calculated for each gene: for the speech-frequency pure tone average, the ATD, respectively, was 0.72 dB/year, 0.94 dB/year, 0.53 dB/year, and 1.41 dB/year, with the largest drops occurring from ages 45-50 (0.89 dB/year; KCNQ4), 5-10 (1.42 dB/year; GSDME), 40-45 (0.83 dB/year; WFS1), and 50-55 (2.09 dB/year; COCH). 5-year interval analysis of audiograms reveals the gene specific natural history of KCNQ4, GSDME, WFS1 and COCH-related progressive hearing loss. Identifying ages at which hearing loss is most rapid informs clinical care and patient expectations. Natural history data are also essential to define outcomes of clinical trials that test novel therapies designed to correct or ameliorate these genetic forms of hearing loss.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryan K Thorpe
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa, USA
| | - W Daniel Walls
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa, USA
| | - Rae Corrigan
- Roy J. Carver Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa, USA
| | - Amanda Schaefer
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa, USA
| | - Kai Wang
- Department of Biostatistics, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa, USA
| | - Patrick Huygen
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Radboud University Nijmegen Medical Centre, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Thomas L Casavant
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa, USA
- Center for Bioinformatics and Computational Biology, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa, USA
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa, USA
| | - Richard J H Smith
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa, USA.
- Interdisciplinary Graduate Program in Genetics, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa, USA.
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa, USA.
- Molecular Otolaryngology and Renal Research Laboratories and Iowa Institute of Human Genetics, Iowa City, Iowa, USA.
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11
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Dou JY, Zhang M, Cen H, Chen YQ, Wu YF, Lu F, Zhou J, Liu XS, Gu YY. Salvia miltiorrhiza Bunge (Danshen) and Bioactive Compound Tanshinone IIA Alleviates Cisplatin-Induced Acute Kidney Injury Through Regulating PXR/NF-κB Signaling. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:860383. [PMID: 35401224 PMCID: PMC8987575 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.860383] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2022] [Accepted: 02/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective: The present study aims to provide evidence on the potential protective role of Salvia miltiorrhiza Bunge (Danshen) and its bioactive compound Tanshinone IIA (TanIIA) in AKI and to reveal the specific regulatory function of PXR/NF-κB signaling in AKI-induced renal inflammation. Methods: A network pharmacological analysis was used to study target genes and regulatory networks in the treatment of Salvia miltiorrhiza on AKI. Further experiments with in vivo AKI mouse model and in vitro studies were applied to investigate the renal protective effect of TanIIA in AKI. The mechanisms of TanIIA regulating PXR/NF-κB signaling in renal inflammation were also studied. Results: Network pharmacology had suggested the nuclear receptor family as new therapeutic targets of Salvia miltiorrhiza in AKI treatment. The in vivo studies had demonstrated that TanIIA improved renal function and inflammation by reducing necrosis and promoting the proliferation of tubular epithelial cells. Improved renal arterial perfusion in AKI mice with TanIIA treatment was also recorded by ultrasonography. In vitro studies had shown that TanIIA ameliorated renal inflammation by activating the PXR while inhibiting PXR-mediated NF-κB signaling. The results had suggested a role of PXR activation against AKI-induced renal inflammation. Conclusion: Salvia miltiorrhiza Bunge (Danshen) may protect the kidneys against AKI by regulating nuclear receptors. TanIIA improved cell necrosis proliferation and reduced renal inflammation by upregulating the expression of the PXR and inhibiting NF-κB signaling in a PXR-dependent manner. The PXR may be a potential therapeutic target for AKI treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing-Yun Dou
- Department of Nephrology, Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Min Zhang
- Department of Nephrology, Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Huan Cen
- Department of Ultrasound, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yi-Qin Chen
- Department of Nephrology, Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yi-Fan Wu
- Department of Nephrology, Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Fuhua Lu
- Department of Nephrology, Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jiuyao Zhou
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xu-Sheng Liu
- Department of Nephrology, Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China,*Correspondence: Yue-Yu Gu, ; Xu-Sheng Liu,
| | - Yue-Yu Gu
- Department of Nephrology, Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China,Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China,*Correspondence: Yue-Yu Gu, ; Xu-Sheng Liu,
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12
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Sugiura T, Okumura K, Matsumoto J, Sakaguchi M, Komori T, Ogi T, Inoue D, Koda W, Kobayashi S, Gabata T. Predicting intestinal viability by consecutive photoacoustic monitoring of oxygenation recovery after reperfusion in acute mesenteric ischemia in rats. Sci Rep 2021; 11:19474. [PMID: 34593923 PMCID: PMC8484661 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-98904-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2021] [Accepted: 09/16/2021] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The purpose was to assess whether consecutive monitoring of oxygenation by photoacoustic imaging (PAI) can objectively predict intestinal viability during surgery for acute mesenteric ischemia (AMI). PAI uses laser light to detect relative amounts of oxygenated and deoxygenated hemoglobin in intestinal tissue. In 30 rats, AMI was induced by clamping the mesenteric and marginal vessels of the ileum for 0 min in the control group, 30 min in the mild group, and 180 min in the severe group (10 rats per group). After 60 min of reperfusion, intestinal damage was evaluated pathologically. Oxygenation of the intestine was monitored throughout the procedure in real time by a commercially available PAI system and compared among the groups. All rats showed irreversible (i.e. transmucosal or transmural infarction) damage in the severe group. After reperfusion, the oxygenation in the mild group recovered immediately and was significantly higher than in the severe group at 1, 5, 10, 30, and 60 min (P = .011, 002, < .001, 001, and 001, respectively). Oxygenation showed a significant strong negative correlation with pathological severity (rs = − 0.7783, − 0.7806, − 0.7422, − 0.7728, and − 0.7704, respectively). In conclusion, PAI could objectively predict irreversible ischemic damage immediately after reperfusion, which potentially prevents inadequate surgery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takumi Sugiura
- Department of Radiology, Kanazawa University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, 13-1 Takara-machi, Kanazawa, Ishikawa, 920-8641, Japan
| | - Kenichiro Okumura
- Department of Radiology, Kanazawa University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, 13-1 Takara-machi, Kanazawa, Ishikawa, 920-8641, Japan.
| | - Junichi Matsumoto
- Department of Radiology, Kanazawa University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, 13-1 Takara-machi, Kanazawa, Ishikawa, 920-8641, Japan
| | - Maki Sakaguchi
- Department of Diagnostic Pathology, Kanazawa University, 13-1 Takara-machi, Kanazawa, Ishikawa, 920-8641, Japan
| | - Takahiro Komori
- Department of Radiology, Kanazawa University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, 13-1 Takara-machi, Kanazawa, Ishikawa, 920-8641, Japan
| | - Takahiro Ogi
- Department of Radiology, Kanazawa University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, 13-1 Takara-machi, Kanazawa, Ishikawa, 920-8641, Japan
| | - Dai Inoue
- Department of Radiology, Kanazawa University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, 13-1 Takara-machi, Kanazawa, Ishikawa, 920-8641, Japan
| | - Wataru Koda
- Department of Radiology, Kanazawa University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, 13-1 Takara-machi, Kanazawa, Ishikawa, 920-8641, Japan
| | - Satoshi Kobayashi
- Department of Radiology, Kanazawa University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, 13-1 Takara-machi, Kanazawa, Ishikawa, 920-8641, Japan.,Department of Quantum Medical Technology, Kanazawa University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, 5-11-80 Kodatsuno, Kanazawa, Ishikawa, 920-0942, Japan
| | - Toshifumi Gabata
- Department of Radiology, Kanazawa University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, 13-1 Takara-machi, Kanazawa, Ishikawa, 920-8641, Japan
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Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW Fibrosis is an important biomarker of chronic kidney injury, and a powerful predictor of renal outcome. Currently, the only method for measuring fibrotic burden is histologic analysis, which requires a kidney biopsy in humans, or kidney removal in animal models. These requirements have not only hindered our ability to manage patients effectively, but have also prevented a full understanding of renal fibrosis pathogenesis, and slowed the translation of new antifibrotic agents. The development of noninvasive fibrosis imaging tools could thus transform both clinical care and renal fibrosis research. RECENT FINDINGS Conventional imaging modalities have historically failed to image fibrosis successfully. However, recent exciting technological advances have greatly enhanced their capabilities. New techniques, for example, may allow imaging of the physical consequences of scarring, as surrogate measures of renal fibrosis. Similarly, other groups have developed ways to directly image extracellular matrix, either with the use of contrast-enhanced probes, or using matrix components as endogenous contrast agents. SUMMARY New developments in imaging technology have the potential to transform our ability to visualize renal fibrosis and to monitor its progression. In doing so, these advances could have major implications for kidney disease care, the development of new antiscarring agents, and our understanding of renal fibrosis in general.
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14
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Merdasa A, Bunke J, Naumovska M, Albinsson J, Erlöv T, Cinthio M, Reistad N, Sheikh R, Malmsjö M. Photoacoustic imaging of the spatial distribution of oxygen saturation in an ischemia-reperfusion model in humans. BIOMEDICAL OPTICS EXPRESS 2021; 12:2484-2495. [PMID: 33996242 PMCID: PMC8086473 DOI: 10.1364/boe.418397] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2020] [Revised: 02/11/2021] [Accepted: 02/15/2021] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
Photoacoustic imaging (PAI) is a novel hybrid imaging technique that combines the advantages of optical and ultrasound imaging to produce hyperspectral images of the tissue. The feasibility of measuring oxygen saturation (sO2) with PAI has been demonstrated pre-clinically, but has limited use in humans under conditions of ischemia and reperfusion. As an important step towards making PAI clinically available, we present a study in which PAI was used to estimate the spatial distribution of sO2 in vivo during and after occlusion of the finger of eight healthy volunteers. The results were compared with a commercial oxygen saturation monitor based on diffuse reflectance spectroscopy. We here describe the capability of PAI to provide spatially resolved picture of the evolution of sO2 during ischemia following vascular occlusion of a finger, demonstrating the clinical viability of PAI as a non-invasive diagnostic tool for diseases indicated by impaired microvascularization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aboma Merdasa
- Department of Clinical Sciences Lund, Ophotalmology, Lund University and Skåne University Hospital, Lund, Sweden
- Department of Physics, Lund University, Sweden
| | - Josefine Bunke
- Department of Clinical Sciences Lund, Ophotalmology, Lund University and Skåne University Hospital, Lund, Sweden
| | - Magdalena Naumovska
- Department of Clinical Sciences Lund, Ophotalmology, Lund University and Skåne University Hospital, Lund, Sweden
| | - John Albinsson
- Department of Clinical Sciences Lund, Ophotalmology, Lund University and Skåne University Hospital, Lund, Sweden
| | - Tobias Erlöv
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Lund University, Sweden
| | - Magnus Cinthio
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Lund University, Sweden
| | | | - Rafi Sheikh
- Department of Clinical Sciences Lund, Ophotalmology, Lund University and Skåne University Hospital, Lund, Sweden
| | - Malin Malmsjö
- Department of Clinical Sciences Lund, Ophotalmology, Lund University and Skåne University Hospital, Lund, Sweden
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15
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Srivastava A, Tomar B, Prajapati S, Gaikwad AB, Mulay SR. Advanced non-invasive diagnostic techniques for visualization and estimation of kidney fibrosis. Drug Discov Today 2021; 26:2053-2063. [PMID: 33617976 DOI: 10.1016/j.drudis.2021.02.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2020] [Revised: 12/22/2020] [Accepted: 02/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Kidney fibrosis is marked by excessive extracellular matrix deposition during disease progression. Unfortunately, existing kidney function parameters do not predict the extent of kidney fibrosis. Moreover, the traditional histology methods for the assessment of kidney fibrosis require liquid and imaging biomarkers as well as needle-based biopsies, which are invasive and often associated with kidney injury. The repetitive analyses required to monitor the disease progression are therefore difficult. Hence, there is an unmet medical need for non-invasive and informative diagnostic approaches to monitor kidney fibrosis during the progression of chronic kidney disease. Here, we summarize the modern advances in diagnostic imaging techniques that have shown promise for non-invasive estimation of kidney fibrosis in pre-clinical and clinical studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anjali Srivastava
- Division of Pharmacology, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute, Lucknow, 226031, India
| | - Bhawna Tomar
- Division of Pharmacology, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute, Lucknow, 226031, India
| | - Smita Prajapati
- Division of Pharmacology, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute, Lucknow, 226031, India
| | - Anil Bhanudas Gaikwad
- Department of Pharmacy, Birla Institute of Technology and Science Pilani, Pilani Campus, 333031, India
| | - Shrikant R Mulay
- Division of Pharmacology, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute, Lucknow, 226031, India.
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16
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Meyer S, Fuchs D, Meier M. Ultrasound and Photoacoustic Imaging of the Kidney: Basic Concepts and Protocols. Methods Mol Biol 2021; 2216:109-130. [PMID: 33475997 PMCID: PMC9703212 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-0716-0978-1_7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Noninvasive, robust, and reproducible methods to image kidneys are provided by different imaging modalities. A combination of modalities (multimodality) can give better insight into structure and function and to understand the physiology of the kidney. Magnetic resonance imaging can be complemented by a multimodal imaging approach to obtain additional information or include interventional procedures. In the clinic, renal ultrasound has been essential for the diagnosis and management of kidney disease and for the guidance of invasive procedures for a long time. Adapting ultrasound to preclinical requirements and for translational research, the combination with photoacoustic imaging expands the capabilities to obtain anatomical, functional, and molecular information from animal models. This chapter describes the basic concepts of how to image kidneys using different and most appropriate modalities.This chapter is based upon work from the COST Action PARENCHIMA, a community-driven network funded by the European Cooperation in Science and Technology (COST) program of the European Union, which aims to improve the reproducibility and standardization of renal MRI biomarkers. This introduction chapter is complemented by two separate chapters describing the experimental procedure and data analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sandra Meyer
- FUJIFILM VisualSonics, Inc, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Dieter Fuchs
- FUJIFILM VisualSonics, Inc, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Martin Meier
- Institute for Laboratory Animal Science, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany.
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17
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Bhagavatula SK, Li L, Tearney GJ. Characterization of interventional photoacoustic imaging (iPAI) capabilities in biological tissues. Med Phys 2020; 48:770-780. [PMID: 33264419 DOI: 10.1002/mp.14630] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2020] [Revised: 10/03/2020] [Accepted: 11/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Interventional photoacoustic imaging (iPAI) could improve ultrasound-guided minimally invasive procedures by enabling high precision needle steering, target detection, and molecular and physiologic tissue assessment. However, iPAI capabilities including visualization field, imaging depth, and spatial resolution are not well understood in biological tissues commonly encountered in clinical practice. Therefore, the potential clinical utility of iPAI remains unclear. We aim to experimentally determine iPAI capabilities in a variety of biological tissues, to assess its potential for clinical translation. METHODS We constructed an iPAI system capable of simultaneous real-time ultrasound (US) and photoacoustic imaging. This system delivers light directly into tissues using optical fiber integrated into a 16-gauge needle and detects photoacoustic signals with an external linear array ultrasound probe. iPAI's geometric visualization field, maximum imaging depth, and spatial resolution were experimentally determined in fat, muscle, kidney, and liver tissues by processing photoacoustic signal intensities of reference targets placed circumferentially around the fiber tip. The maximum detection depths of blood and indocyanine green (ICG), important common endogenous and exogenous contrast agents, respectively, were estimated in each tissue type by comparing their signal intensities with the reference target signal. RESULTS iPAI could be performed in real-time concurrently with US and achieved a nearly spherical visualization field centering around the optical fiber tip in all tissues. Maximum imaging depths from the fiber tip were 54.1 ± 1.3, 50.0 ± 1.5, 32.7 ± 1.1, and 16.9 ± 1.3 mm in fat, muscle, kidney, and liver tissues, respectively. Calculated maximum detection depths for blood were 41.5 ± 3.0, 39.5 ± 2.1, 24.4 ± 4.0, and 8.6 ± 2.0 mm and detection depths for ICG at 0.05 mg/mL concentration were 46.6 ± 2.5, 42.6 ± 1.4, 28.2 ± 3.9, and 12.1 ± 1.5 mm in fat, muscle, kidney, and liver, respectively. Sub-100μ m axial resolution and submillimeter lateral resolution were achieved in all tissues, and resolution did not significantly vary with distance from the fiber tip. CONCLUSIONS Interventional photoacoustic imaging (iPAI) allows real-time visualization of a circumferential volume of tissue around an optical fiber tip, with submillimeter spatial resolution and tissue-dependent imaging depth. Our data strongly support further development of clinical iPAI systems as they could improve needle steering, target detection, and molecular and physiologic tissue assessment during minimally invasive procedures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sharath K Bhagavatula
- Department of Radiology, Harvard Medical School and Brigham and Women's Hospital, 75 Francis Street, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | - Li Li
- Wellman Center for Photomedicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, 55 Fruit Street, Boston, MA, 02114, USA
| | - Guillermo J Tearney
- Wellman Center for Photomedicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, 55 Fruit Street, Boston, MA, 02114, USA
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18
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Niendorf T, Seeliger E, Cantow K, Flemming B, Waiczies S, Pohlmann A. Probing renal blood volume with magnetic resonance imaging. Acta Physiol (Oxf) 2020; 228:e13435. [PMID: 31876349 DOI: 10.1111/apha.13435] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2019] [Revised: 12/18/2019] [Accepted: 12/19/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Damage to the kidney substantially reduces life expectancy. Renal tissue hypoperfusion and hypoxia are key elements in the pathophysiology of acute kidney injury and its progression to chronic kidney disease. In vivo assessment of renal haemodynamics and tissue oxygenation remains a challenge. Blood oxygenation level-dependent (BOLD) magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is sensitive to changes in the effective transversal relaxation time (T2 *) in vivo, and is non-invasive and indicative of renal tissue oxygenation. However, the renal T2 * to tissue pO2 relationship is not governed exclusively by renal blood oxygenation, but is affected by physiological confounders with alterations in renal blood volume fraction (BVf) being of particular relevance. To decipher this interference probing renal BVf is essential for the pursuit of renal MR oximetry. Superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticle (USPIO) preparations can be used as MRI visible blood pool markers for detailing alterations in BVf. This review promotes the opportunities of MRI-based assessment of renal BVf. Following an outline on the specifics of renal oxygenation and perfusion, changes in renal BVf upon interventions and their potential impact on renal T2 * are discussed. We also describe the basic principles of renal BVf assessment using ferumoxytol-enhanced MRI in the equilibrium concentration regimen. We demonstrate that ferumoxytol does not alter control of renal haemodynamics and oxygenation. Preclinical applications of ferumoxytol enhanced renal MRI as well as considerations for its clinical implementation for examining renal BVf changes are provided alongside practical considerations. Finally, we explore the future directions of MRI-based assessment of renal BVf.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thoralf Niendorf
- Berlin Ultrahigh Field Facility (B.U.F.F.) Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association Berlin Germany
| | - Erdmann Seeliger
- Institute of Physiology Charité – Universitätsmedizin Berlin Campus Mitte, and Center for Cardiovascular Research (CCR) Berlin Germany
| | - Kathleen Cantow
- Institute of Physiology Charité – Universitätsmedizin Berlin Campus Mitte, and Center for Cardiovascular Research (CCR) Berlin Germany
| | - Bert Flemming
- Institute of Physiology Charité – Universitätsmedizin Berlin Campus Mitte, and Center for Cardiovascular Research (CCR) Berlin Germany
| | - Sonia Waiczies
- Berlin Ultrahigh Field Facility (B.U.F.F.) Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association Berlin Germany
| | - Andreas Pohlmann
- Berlin Ultrahigh Field Facility (B.U.F.F.) Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association Berlin Germany
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19
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Hochuli R, An L, Beard PC, Cox BT. Estimating blood oxygenation from photoacoustic images: can a simple linear spectroscopic inversion ever work? JOURNAL OF BIOMEDICAL OPTICS 2019; 24:1-13. [PMID: 31849203 PMCID: PMC7005536 DOI: 10.1117/1.jbo.24.12.121914] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2019] [Accepted: 11/21/2019] [Indexed: 05/07/2023]
Abstract
Linear spectroscopic inversions, in which photoacoustic amplitudes are assumed to be directly proportional to absorption coefficients, are widely used in photoacoustic imaging to estimate blood oxygen saturation because of their simplicity. Unfortunately, they do not account for the spatially varying wavelength-dependence of the light fluence within the tissue, which introduces "spectral coloring," a potentially significant source of error. However, accurately correcting for spectral coloring is challenging, so we investigated whether there are conditions, e.g., sets of wavelengths, where it is possible to ignore the spectral coloring and still obtain accurate oxygenation measurements using linear inversions. Accurate estimates of oxygenation can be obtained when the wavelengths are chosen to (i) minimize spectral coloring, (ii) avoid ill-conditioning, and (iii) maintain a sufficiently high signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) for the estimates to be meaningful. It is not obvious which wavelengths will satisfy these conditions, and they are very likely to vary for different imaging scenarios, making it difficult to find general rules. Through the use of numerical simulations, we isolated the effect of spectral coloring from sources of experimental error. It was shown that using wavelengths between 500 nm and 1000 nm yields inaccurate estimates of oxygenation and that careful selection of wavelengths in the 620- to 920-nm range can yield more accurate oxygenation values. However, this is only achievable with a good prior estimate of the true oxygenation. Even in this idealized case, it was shown that considerable care must be exercised over the choice of wavelengths when using linear spectroscopic inversions to obtain accurate estimates of blood oxygenation. This suggests that for a particular imaging scenario, obtaining accurate and reliable oxygenation estimates using linear spectroscopic inversions requires careful modeling or experimental studies of that scenario, taking account of the instrumentation, tissue anatomy, likely sO2 range, and image formation process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roman Hochuli
- University College London, Department of Medical Physics and Biomedical Engineering, London, United Kingdom
| | - Lu An
- University College London, Department of Medical Physics and Biomedical Engineering, London, United Kingdom
| | - Paul C. Beard
- University College London, Department of Medical Physics and Biomedical Engineering, London, United Kingdom
| | - Benjamin T. Cox
- University College London, Department of Medical Physics and Biomedical Engineering, London, United Kingdom
- Address all correspondence to Benjamin T. Cox, E-mail:
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20
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Xu Z, Wang Y, Sun N, Li Z, Hu S, Liu Q. Parallel Computing for Quantitative Blood Flow Imaging in Photoacoustic Microscopy. SENSORS 2019; 19:s19184000. [PMID: 31527505 PMCID: PMC6767147 DOI: 10.3390/s19184000] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2019] [Revised: 08/30/2019] [Accepted: 09/14/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Photoacoustic microscopy (PAM) is an emerging biomedical imaging technology capable of quantitative measurement of the microvascular blood flow by correlation analysis. However, the computational cost is high, limiting its applications. Here, we report a parallel computation design based on graphics processing unit (GPU) for high-speed quantification of blood flow in PAM. Two strategies were utilized to improve the computational efficiency. First, the correlation method in the algorithm was optimized to avoid redundant computation and a parallel computing structure was designed. Second, the parallel design was realized on GPU and optimized by maximizing the utilization of computing resource in GPU. The detailed timings and speedup for each calculation step were given and the MATLAB and C/C++ code versions based on CPU were presented as a comparison. Full performance test shows that a stable speedup of ~80-fold could be achieved with the same calculation accuracy and the computation time could be reduced from minutes to just several seconds with the imaging size ranging from 1 × 1 mm2 to 2 × 2 mm2. Our design accelerates PAM-based blood flow measurement and paves the way for real-time PAM imaging and processing by significantly improving the computational efficiency.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhiqiang Xu
- School of Information Engineering, Wuhan University of Technology, 122 Luoshi Road, Wuhan 430070, China.
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Virginia, 415 Lane Road, Charlottesville, VA 22908, USA.
| | - Yiming Wang
- School of Information Engineering, Wuhan University of Technology, 122 Luoshi Road, Wuhan 430070, China.
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Virginia, 415 Lane Road, Charlottesville, VA 22908, USA.
| | - Naidi Sun
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Virginia, 415 Lane Road, Charlottesville, VA 22908, USA.
| | - Zhengying Li
- School of Information Engineering, Wuhan University of Technology, 122 Luoshi Road, Wuhan 430070, China.
| | - Song Hu
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Virginia, 415 Lane Road, Charlottesville, VA 22908, USA.
| | - Quan Liu
- School of Information Engineering, Wuhan University of Technology, 122 Luoshi Road, Wuhan 430070, China.
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21
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Bungart B, Cao Y, Yang-Tran T, Gorsky S, Lan L, Roblyer D, Koch MO, Cheng L, Masterson T, Cheng JX. Cylindrical illumination with angular coupling for whole-prostate photoacoustic tomography. BIOMEDICAL OPTICS EXPRESS 2019; 10:1405-1419. [PMID: 30891355 PMCID: PMC6420282 DOI: 10.1364/boe.10.001405] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2019] [Revised: 02/07/2019] [Accepted: 02/07/2019] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Current diagnosis of prostate cancer relies on histological analysis of tissue samples acquired by biopsy, which could benefit from real-time identification of suspicious lesions. Photoacoustic tomography has the potential to provide real-time targets for prostate biopsy guidance with chemical selectivity, but light delivered from the rectal cavity has been unable to penetrate to the anterior prostate. To overcome this barrier, a urethral device with cylindrical illumination is developed for whole-prostate imaging, and its performance as a function of angular light coupling is evaluated with a prostate-mimicking phantom.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brittani Bungart
- Weldon School of Biomedical Engineering, Purdue University, 206 S. Martin Jischke Drive, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA
- Medical Scientist Training Program, Indiana University School of Medicine, 635 Barnhill Drive MS 2031, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Boston University, 8 St. Mary’s Street, Boston, MA 02215, USA
| | - Yingchun Cao
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Boston University, 8 St. Mary’s Street, Boston, MA 02215, USA
| | - Tiffany Yang-Tran
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Boston University, 44 Cummington Mall, Boston, MA 02215, USA
| | - Sean Gorsky
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Boston University, 8 St. Mary’s Street, Boston, MA 02215, USA
| | - Lu Lan
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Boston University, 44 Cummington Mall, Boston, MA 02215, USA
| | - Darren Roblyer
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Boston University, 44 Cummington Mall, Boston, MA 02215, USA
| | - Michael O. Koch
- Department of Urology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - Liang Cheng
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - Timothy Masterson
- Department of Urology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - Ji-Xin Cheng
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Boston University, 8 St. Mary’s Street, Boston, MA 02215, USA
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Boston University, 44 Cummington Mall, Boston, MA 02215, USA
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