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Jia P, Che J, Xie X, Han Q, Ma Y, Guo Y, Zheng Y. The role of ZEB1 in mediating the protective effects of metformin on skeletal muscle atrophy. J Pharmacol Sci 2024; 156:57-68. [PMID: 39179335 DOI: 10.1016/j.jphs.2024.07.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2024] [Revised: 07/06/2024] [Accepted: 07/16/2024] [Indexed: 08/26/2024] Open
Abstract
Metformin is an important antidiabetic drug that has the potential to reduce skeletal muscle atrophy and promote the differentiation of muscle cells. However, the exact molecular mechanism underlying these functions remains unclear. Previous studies revealed that the transcription factor zinc finger E-box-binding homeobox 1 (ZEB1), which participates in tumor progression, inhibits muscle atrophy. Therefore, we hypothesized that the protective effect of metformin might be related to ZEB1. We investigated the positive effect of metformin on IL-1β-induced skeletal muscle atrophy by regulating ZEB1 in vitro and in vivo. Compared with the normal cell differentiation group, the metformin-treated group presented increased myotube diameters and reduced expression levels of atrophy-marker proteins. Moreover, muscle cell differentiation was hindered, when we artificially interfered with ZEB1 expression in mouse skeletal myoblast (C2C12) cells via ZEB1-specific small interfering RNA (si-ZEB1). In response to inflammatory stimulation, metformin treatment increased the expression levels of ZEB1 and three differentiation proteins, MHC, MyoD, and myogenin, whereas si-ZEB1 partially counteracted these effects. Moreover, marked atrophy was induced in a mouse model via the administration of lipopolysaccharide (LPS) to the skeletal muscles of the lower limbs. Over a 4-week period of intragastric administration, metformin treatment ameliorated muscle atrophy and increased the expression levels of ZEB1. Metformin treatment partially alleviated muscle atrophy and stimulated differentiation. Overall, our findings may provide a better understanding of the mechanism underlying the effects of metformin treatment on skeletal muscle atrophy and suggest the potential of metformin as a therapeutic drug.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peiyu Jia
- Department of Pain, Huadong Hospital, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Clinical Geriatric Medicine, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200040, China
| | - Ji Che
- Department of Pain, Huadong Hospital, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Clinical Geriatric Medicine, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200040, China
| | - Xiaoting Xie
- School of Kinesiology, Shanghai University of Sport, Shanghai, 200438, China
| | - Qi Han
- Department of Pain, Huadong Hospital, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Clinical Geriatric Medicine, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200040, China
| | - Yantao Ma
- Department of Pain, Huadong Hospital, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Clinical Geriatric Medicine, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200040, China
| | - Yong Guo
- Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai, 200233, China.
| | - Yongjun Zheng
- Department of Pain, Huadong Hospital, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Clinical Geriatric Medicine, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200040, China.
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2
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Makwana SH, Sharma T, Mahapatra MK, Kumari M, Jain A, Shrivastava SK, Mandal CC. Targeting TRIM26: Unveiling an Oncogene and Identification of Plant Metabolites as a Potential Therapeutics for Breast Cancer. J Cell Biochem 2024; 125:e30644. [PMID: 39286999 DOI: 10.1002/jcb.30644] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2024] [Revised: 08/14/2024] [Accepted: 08/20/2024] [Indexed: 09/19/2024]
Abstract
Breast cancer is the major cause of cancer-related mortality and frequent malignancies among women worldwide. The TRIM (Tripartite Motif) protein family is a broad and diverse set of proteins that contain a conserved structural motif known as the tripartite motif, which comprises of three different domains, B-box domain, Coiled-coil domain and RBR (Ring-finger, B-box, and coiled-coil) domain. TRIM proteins are involved in regulating cancer growth and metastasis. However, TRIM proteins are still unexplored in cancer cell regulation. In this study, by using a cancer database expression of all TRIM proteins was determined in breast cancer. Out of 77 TRIM genes, 16 genes were upregulated in breast cancer. Here, the upregulated TRIM26 gene's role is not yet explored in breast cancer. Indeed, TRIM26 is upregulated in 21 cancer types out of 33 cancer types. To investigate the role of TRIM26 in breast cancer, siRNA-mediated gene silencing was carried out in MCF-7 and MDA-MB 231 breast cancer cells. Reduced expression of TRIM 26 decreased cancer cell proliferation, migration and invasion with simultaneous reduction of various proliferative, cell cycle and mesenchymal markers and upregulation of epithelial markers. Further, docking studies found potential novel plant metabolites. Thus, targeting TRIM26 may provide a novel therapeutic approach for breast cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sweta H Makwana
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Life Sciences, Central University of Rajasthan, Ajmer, Rajasthan, India
| | - Tannavi Sharma
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Life Sciences, Central University of Rajasthan, Ajmer, Rajasthan, India
| | - Manas K Mahapatra
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Life Sciences, Central University of Rajasthan, Ajmer, Rajasthan, India
| | - Monika Kumari
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Life Sciences, Central University of Rajasthan, Ajmer, Rajasthan, India
| | - Akshat Jain
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Life Sciences, Central University of Rajasthan, Ajmer, Rajasthan, India
| | - Sandeep K Shrivastava
- Centre for Innovation, Research & Development, Dr. B. Lal Clinical Laboratory Pvt Ltd, Jaipur, Rajasthan, India
| | - Chandi C Mandal
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Life Sciences, Central University of Rajasthan, Ajmer, Rajasthan, India
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3
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Gu L, Pillay RP, Aronson R, Kaur M. Cholesteryl ester transfer protein knock-down in conjunction with a cholesterol-depleting agent decreases tamoxifen resistance in breast cancer cells. IUBMB Life 2024; 76:712-730. [PMID: 38733508 DOI: 10.1002/iub.2823] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2024] [Accepted: 03/25/2024] [Indexed: 05/13/2024]
Abstract
The cholesterogenic phenotype, encompassing de novo biosynthesis and accumulation of cholesterol, aids cancer cell proliferation and survival. Previously, the role of cholesteryl ester (CE) transfer protein (CETP) has been implicated in breast cancer aggressiveness, but the molecular basis of this observation is not clearly understood, which this study aims to elucidate. CETP knock-down resulted in a >50% decrease in cell proliferation in both 'estrogen receptor-positive' (ER+; Michigan Cancer Foundation-7 (MCF7) breast cancer cells) and 'triple-negative' breast cancer (TNBC; MDA-MB-231) cell lines. Intriguingly, the abrogation of CETP together with the combination treatment of tamoxifen (5 μM) and acetyl plumbagin (a cholesterol-depleting agent) (5 μM) resulted in twofold to threefold increase in apoptosis in both cell lines. CETP knockdown also showed decreased intracellular CE levels, lipid raft and lipid droplets in both cell lines. In addition, RT2 Profiler PCR array (Qiagen, Germany)-based gene expression analysis revealed an overall downregulation of genes associated in cholesterol biosynthesis, lipid signalling and drug resistance in MCF7 cells post-CETP knock-down. On the contrary, resistance in MDA-MB-231 cells was reduced through increased expression in cholesterol efflux genes and the expression of targetable surface receptors by endocrine therapy. The pilot xenograft mice study substantiated CETP's role as a cancer survival gene as knock-down of CETP stunted the growth of TNBC tumour by 86%. The principal findings of this study potentiate CETP as a driver in breast cancer growth and aggressiveness and thus targeting CETP could limit drug resistance via the reduction in cholesterol accumulation in breast cancer cells, thereby reducing cancer aggressiveness.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liang Gu
- Department of School of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa
| | - Ruvesh Pascal Pillay
- Department of School of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa
| | - Ruth Aronson
- Department of School of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa
| | - Mandeep Kaur
- Department of School of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa
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4
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Na H, Koo BI, Park JC, Lim J, Kim Y, Chung HJ, Nam YS. Live-Cell Imaging of MicroRNA Expression via Photoinduced Electron Transfer Controlled by Catalytic Hairpin Assembly. Adv Healthc Mater 2024:e2401483. [PMID: 38889395 DOI: 10.1002/adhm.202401483] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2024] [Revised: 06/14/2024] [Indexed: 06/20/2024]
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) serve as emerging biomarkers for a range of diseases, and their quantitative analysis draws increasing attention. Yet, current invasive methods limit continuous tracking within living cells. To overcome this, a nonenzymatic DNA-based nanoprobe is developed for dynamic, noninvasive miRNA tracking via live-cell imaging. This probe features a unique hairpin DNA structure with five guanines that act as internal quenchers, suppressing fluorescence from an attached fluorophore via photoinduced electron transfer. Target miRNA initiates toehold-mediated strand displacement, restoring, and amplifying the fluorescence signal. Additionally, by introducing a single mismatch to the hairpin DNA, the nanoprobe's sensitivity is significantly enhanced, lowering the detection limit to about 60 pM without compromising specificity. To optimize intracellular delivery for prolonged monitoring, the nanoprobe is encapsulated within multilamellar lipid nanovesicles, fluorescently labeled for dual-wavelength ratiometric analysis. The proposed nanoprobe demonstrates a significant advance in live-cell miRNA detection, promising enhanced in situ analysis for a better understanding of miRNAs' pathophysiological function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyebin Na
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, 291 Daehak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Bon Il Koo
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, 291 Daehak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae Chul Park
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, 291 Daehak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Jiwoo Lim
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, 291 Daehak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Yoosik Kim
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, 291 Daehak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyun Jung Chung
- Department of Biological Sciences, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, 291 Daehak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Yoon Sung Nam
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, 291 Daehak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea
- Department of Biological Sciences, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, 291 Daehak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea
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5
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Galal MA, Al-Rimawi M, Hajeer A, Dahman H, Alouch S, Aljada A. Metformin: A Dual-Role Player in Cancer Treatment and Prevention. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:4083. [PMID: 38612893 PMCID: PMC11012626 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25074083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2024] [Revised: 03/30/2024] [Accepted: 04/02/2024] [Indexed: 04/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Cancer continues to pose a significant global health challenge, as evidenced by the increasing incidence rates and high mortality rates, despite the advancements made in chemotherapy. The emergence of chemoresistance further complicates the effectiveness of treatment. However, there is growing interest in the potential of metformin, a commonly prescribed drug for type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), as an adjuvant chemotherapy agent in cancer treatment. Although the precise mechanism of action of metformin in cancer therapy is not fully understood, it has been found to have pleiotropic effects, including the modulation of metabolic pathways, reduction in inflammation, and the regulation of cellular proliferation. This comprehensive review examines the anticancer properties of metformin, drawing insights from various studies conducted in vitro and in vivo, as well as from clinical trials and observational research. This review discusses the mechanisms of action involving both insulin-dependent and independent pathways, shedding light on the potential of metformin as a therapeutic agent for different types of cancer. Despite promising findings, there are challenges that need to be addressed, such as conflicting outcomes in clinical trials, considerations regarding dosing, and the development of resistance. These challenges highlight the importance of further research to fully harness the therapeutic potential of metformin in cancer treatment. The aims of this review are to provide a contemporary understanding of the role of metformin in cancer therapy and identify areas for future exploration in the pursuit of effective anticancer strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariam Ahmed Galal
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, College of Medicine, Alfaisal University, P.O. Box 50927, Riyadh 11533, Saudi Arabia; (M.A.G.); (M.A.-R.); (H.D.); (S.A.)
- Department of Translational Health Sciences, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Bristol BS8 1QU, UK
| | - Mohammed Al-Rimawi
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, College of Medicine, Alfaisal University, P.O. Box 50927, Riyadh 11533, Saudi Arabia; (M.A.G.); (M.A.-R.); (H.D.); (S.A.)
| | | | - Huda Dahman
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, College of Medicine, Alfaisal University, P.O. Box 50927, Riyadh 11533, Saudi Arabia; (M.A.G.); (M.A.-R.); (H.D.); (S.A.)
| | - Samhar Alouch
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, College of Medicine, Alfaisal University, P.O. Box 50927, Riyadh 11533, Saudi Arabia; (M.A.G.); (M.A.-R.); (H.D.); (S.A.)
| | - Ahmad Aljada
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, College of Medicine, Alfaisal University, P.O. Box 50927, Riyadh 11533, Saudi Arabia; (M.A.G.); (M.A.-R.); (H.D.); (S.A.)
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6
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Sarkar S, Roy D, Chatterjee B, Ghosh R. Clinical advances in analytical profiling of signature lipids: implications for severe non-communicable and neurodegenerative diseases. Metabolomics 2024; 20:37. [PMID: 38459207 DOI: 10.1007/s11306-024-02100-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2023] [Accepted: 02/06/2024] [Indexed: 03/10/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Lipids play key roles in numerous biological processes, including energy storage, cell membrane structure, signaling, immune responses, and homeostasis, making lipidomics a vital branch of metabolomics that analyzes and characterizes a wide range of lipid classes. Addressing the complex etiology, age-related risk, progression, inflammation, and research overlap in conditions like Alzheimer's Disease, Parkinson's Disease, Cardiovascular Diseases, and Cancer poses significant challenges in the quest for effective therapeutic targets, improved diagnostic markers, and advanced treatments. Mass spectrometry is an indispensable tool in clinical lipidomics, delivering quantitative and structural lipid data, and its integration with technologies like Liquid Chromatography (LC), Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI), and few emerging Matrix-Assisted Laser Desorption Ionization- Imaging Mass Spectrometry (MALDI-IMS) along with its incorporation into Tissue Microarray (TMA) represents current advances. These innovations enhance lipidomics assessment, bolster accuracy, and offer insights into lipid subcellular localization, dynamics, and functional roles in disease contexts. AIM OF THE REVIEW The review article summarizes recent advancements in lipidomic methodologies from 2019 to 2023 for diagnosing major neurodegenerative diseases, Alzheimer's and Parkinson's, serious non-communicable cardiovascular diseases and cancer, emphasizing the role of lipid level variations, and highlighting the potential of lipidomics data integration with genomics and proteomics to improve disease understanding and innovative prognostic, diagnostic and therapeutic strategies. KEY SCIENTIFIC CONCEPTS OF REVIEW Clinical lipidomic studies are a promising approach to track and analyze lipid profiles, revealing their crucial roles in various diseases. This lipid-focused research provides insights into disease mechanisms, biomarker identification, and potential therapeutic targets, advancing our understanding and management of conditions such as Alzheimer's Disease, Parkinson's Disease, Cardiovascular Diseases, and specific cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sutanu Sarkar
- Amity Institute of Biotechnology (AIBNK), Amity University, Rajarhat, Newtown Action Area 2, Kolkata, 700135, West Bengal, India
| | - Deotima Roy
- Amity Institute of Biotechnology (AIBNK), Amity University, Rajarhat, Newtown Action Area 2, Kolkata, 700135, West Bengal, India
| | - Bhaskar Chatterjee
- Amity Institute of Biotechnology (AIBNK), Amity University, Rajarhat, Newtown Action Area 2, Kolkata, 700135, West Bengal, India
| | - Rajgourab Ghosh
- Amity Institute of Biotechnology (AIBNK), Amity University, Rajarhat, Newtown Action Area 2, Kolkata, 700135, West Bengal, India.
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7
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Al-Kofahi T, Altrad B, Amawi H, Aljabali AA, Abul-Haija YM, Obeid MA. Paclitaxel-loaded niosomes in combination with metformin: development, characterization and anticancer potentials. Ther Deliv 2024; 15:109-118. [PMID: 38214106 DOI: 10.4155/tde-2023-0089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2024] Open
Abstract
Aim: This study aims to assess the efficacy of free and niosomes-loaded paclitaxel combined with the anti-diabetic drug metformin. Methods: Paclitaxel was successfully encapsulated in all niosome formulations, using microfluidic mixing, with a maximum encapsulation efficiency of 11.9%. Results: The half maximal inhibitory concentration (IC50) for free paclitaxel in T47D cells was significantly reduced from 0.2 to 0.048 mg/ml when combined with metformin 40 mg. The IC50 of paclitaxel was significantly reduced when loaded in niosomes to less than 0.06 mg/ml alone or with metformin. Conclusion: Paclitaxel combination (free or loaded into niosomes) with metformin significantly improved the anticancer efficacy of paclitaxel, which can serve as a method to reduce the paclitaxel dose and its associated side effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Taqwa Al-Kofahi
- Department of Biological Science, Faculty of Science, Yarmouk University, Irbid, Jordan
| | - Bahaa Altrad
- Department of Biological Science, Faculty of Science, Yarmouk University, Irbid, Jordan
| | - Haneen Amawi
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy and Pharmacy Practice, Faculty of Pharmacy, Yarmouk University, Irbid, Jordan
| | - Alaa A Aljabali
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Yarmouk University, Irbid, Jordan
| | - Yousef M Abul-Haija
- School of Molecular Biosciences, Institute of Molecular, Cell and Systems Biology, University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8QQ, UK
| | - Mohammad A Obeid
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Yarmouk University, Irbid, Jordan
- Strathclyde Institute of Pharmacy and Biomedical Sciences, University of Strathclyde, 161 Cathedral Street, G4 0RE Glasgow, UK
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8
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Coradini D. Impact of De Novo Cholesterol Biosynthesis on the Initiation and Progression of Breast Cancer. Biomolecules 2024; 14:64. [PMID: 38254664 PMCID: PMC10813427 DOI: 10.3390/biom14010064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2023] [Revised: 12/26/2023] [Accepted: 01/01/2024] [Indexed: 01/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Cholesterol (CHOL) is a multifaceted lipid molecule. It is an essential structural component of cell membranes, where it cooperates in regulating the intracellular trafficking and signaling pathways. Additionally, it serves as a precursor for vital biomolecules, including steroid hormones, isoprenoids, vitamin D, and bile acids. Although CHOL is normally uptaken from the bloodstream, cells can synthesize it de novo in response to an increased requirement due to physiological tissue remodeling or abnormal proliferation, such as in cancer. Cumulating evidence indicated that increased CHOL biosynthesis is a common feature of breast cancer and is associated with the neoplastic transformation of normal mammary epithelial cells. After an overview of the multiple biological activities of CHOL and its derivatives, this review will address the impact of de novo CHOL production on the promotion of breast cancer with a focus on mammary stem cells. The review will also discuss the effect of de novo CHOL production on in situ and invasive carcinoma and its impact on the response to adjuvant treatment. Finally, the review will discuss the present and future therapeutic strategies to normalize CHOL biosynthesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Danila Coradini
- Laboratory of Medical Statistics and Biometry, "Giulio A. Maccacaro", Department of Clinical Sciences and Community Health, University of Milan, Campus Cascina Rosa, 20133 Milan, Italy
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9
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Yadav P, Makwana S, Bansal S, Soni S, Mahapatra MK, Bandyopadhayaya S, Tailor R, Shrivastava SK, Sharma LK, Mandal CC. Metformin prevents osteoblast-like potential and calcification in lung cancer A549 cells. J Biochem Mol Toxicol 2023; 37:e23454. [PMID: 37409753 DOI: 10.1002/jbt.23454] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2023] [Revised: 06/21/2023] [Accepted: 06/27/2023] [Indexed: 07/07/2023]
Abstract
In spite of recent advances made in understanding its progression, cancer is still a leading cause of death across the nations. Molecular pathophysiology of these cancer cells largely differs depending on cancer types and even within the same tumor. Pathological mineralization/calcification is seen in various tissues including breast, prostate, and lung cancer. Osteoblast-like cells derived after trans-differentiation of mesenchymal cells usually drive calcium deposition in various tissues. This study aims to explore the presence of osteoblast-like potential in lung cancer cells and its prevention. ALP assay, ALP staining, nodule formation, RT-PCR, RT-qPCR, and western blot analysis experiments were carried out in lung cancer A549 cells to achieve said objective. Expressions of various osteoblast markers (e.g., ALP, OPN, RUNX2, and Osterix) along with osteoinducer genes (BMP-2 and BMP-4) were observed in A549 cells. Moreover, ALP activity and ability leading to nodule formation revealed the presence of osteoblast-like potential in lung cancer cells. Here, BMP-2 treatment increased expressions of osteoblast transcription factors such as RUNX2 and Osterix, enhanced ALP activity, and augmented calcification in this cell line. It was also observed that antidiabetic metformin inhibited BMP-2 mediated increase in osteoblast-like potential and calcification in these cancer cells. The current study noted that metformin blocked BMP-2 mediated increase in epithelial to mesenchymal transition (EMT) in A549 cells. The above findings for the first time unravel that A549 cells possess osteoblast-like potential which drives lung cancer calcification. Metformin might prevent BMP-2 induced osteoblast-like phenotype of the lung cancer cells with concomitant inhibition of EMT to inhibit lung cancer tissue calcification.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pooja Yadav
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Life Sciences, Central University of Rajasthan, Ajmer, Rajasthan, India
| | - Sweta Makwana
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Life Sciences, Central University of Rajasthan, Ajmer, Rajasthan, India
| | - Shivani Bansal
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Life Sciences, Central University of Rajasthan, Ajmer, Rajasthan, India
| | - Sneha Soni
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Life Sciences, Central University of Rajasthan, Ajmer, Rajasthan, India
| | - Manas K Mahapatra
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Life Sciences, Central University of Rajasthan, Ajmer, Rajasthan, India
| | - Shreetama Bandyopadhayaya
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Life Sciences, Central University of Rajasthan, Ajmer, Rajasthan, India
| | - Rashmi Tailor
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Life Sciences, Central University of Rajasthan, Ajmer, Rajasthan, India
| | - Sandeep K Shrivastava
- Centre for Innovation, Research & Development, Dr. B. Lal Clinical Laboratory Pvt Ltd., Jaipur, Rajasthan, India
| | - Lokendra K Sharma
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Biotechnology, Sanjay Gandhi Post Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Chandi C Mandal
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Life Sciences, Central University of Rajasthan, Ajmer, Rajasthan, India
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10
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Yadav P, Bandyopadhayaya S, Soni S, Saini S, Sharma LK, Shrivastava SK, Mandal CC. Simvastatin prevents BMP-2 driven cell migration and invasion by suppressing oncogenic DNMT1 expression in breast cancer cells. Gene 2023; 882:147636. [PMID: 37442305 DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2023.147636] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2023] [Revised: 07/08/2023] [Accepted: 07/10/2023] [Indexed: 07/15/2023]
Abstract
Both epigenetic and genetic changes in the cancer genome act simultaneously to promote tumor development and metastasis. Aberrant DNA methylation, a prime epigenetic event, is often observed in various cancer types. The elevated DNA methyltransferase 1 (DNMT1) enzyme creates DNA hypermethylation at CpG islands to drive oncogenic potential. This study emphasized to decipher the molecular mechanism of endogenous regulation of DNMT1 expression for finding upstream signaling molecules. Cancer database analyses found an upregulated DNMT1 expression in most cancer types including breast cancer. Overexpression of DNMT1 showed an increased cell migration, invasion, and stemness potential whereas 5-azacytidine (DNMT1 inhibitor) and siRNA mediated knockdown of DNMT1 exhibited inhibition of such cancer activities in breast cancer MDA-MB-231 and MCF-7 cells. Infact, cancer database analyses further found a positive correlation of DNMT1 transcript with both cholesterol pathway regulatory genes and BMP signaling molecules. Experimental observations documented that the cholesterol-lowering drug, simvastatin decreased DNMT1 transcript as well as protein, whereas BMP-2 treatment increased DNMT1 expression in breast cancer cells. In addition, expression of various key cholesterol regulatory genes was found to be upregulated in response to BMP-2 treatment. Moreover, simvastatin inhibited BMP-2 induced DNMT1 expression in breast cancer cells. Thus, this study for the first time reveals that both BMP-2 signaling and cholesterol pathways could regulate endogenous DNMT1 expression in cancer cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pooja Yadav
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Life Sciences, Central University of Rajasthan, Ajmer 305817, Rajasthan, India
| | - Shreetama Bandyopadhayaya
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Life Sciences, Central University of Rajasthan, Ajmer 305817, Rajasthan, India
| | - Sneha Soni
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Life Sciences, Central University of Rajasthan, Ajmer 305817, Rajasthan, India
| | - Sunil Saini
- Department of Biophysics, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Lokendra K Sharma
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Biotechnology, Sanjay Gandhi Post Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, Lucknow, U.P., India
| | - Sandeep K Shrivastava
- Centre for Innovation, Research & Development, Dr. B. Lal Clinical Laboratory Pvt Ltd. Jaipur, Rajasthan, India
| | - Chandi C Mandal
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Life Sciences, Central University of Rajasthan, Ajmer 305817, Rajasthan, India.
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11
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Zipinotti Dos Santos D, de Souza JC, Pimenta TM, da Silva Martins B, Junior RSR, Butzene SMS, Tessarolo NG, Cilas PML, Silva IV, Rangel LBA. The impact of lipid metabolism on breast cancer: a review about its role in tumorigenesis and immune escape. Cell Commun Signal 2023; 21:161. [PMID: 37370164 PMCID: PMC10304265 DOI: 10.1186/s12964-023-01178-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2023] [Accepted: 05/26/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Breast cancer (BC) is the second most frequent type of cancer in the world and most common among women, configuring a major challenge to global health. BC is a complex and heterogeneous disease that can be subdivided into distinct tumor types based on the expression of molecular markers predicting patient outcomes and response to therapy. A growing number of studies have tried to expand the known markers by investigating the association of altered lipid metabolism with BC immune escape, progression, and metastasis. In this review, we describe the metabolic peculiarities of each BC subtype, understanding how this influences its aggressiveness and identifying whether these intrinsic vulnerabilities of each subtype can play a role in therapeutic management and may affect immune system cells in the tumor microenvironment. CONCLUSION The evidence suggests so far that when changes occur in lipid pathways, it can affect the availability of structural lipids for membrane synthesis, lipid synthesis, and degradation that contribute to energy homeostasis and cell signaling functions. These findings will guide the next steps on the path to understanding the mechanisms underlying how lipids alterations are related to disparities in chemotherapeutic response and immune escape in BC. Video Abstract.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diandra Zipinotti Dos Santos
- Biotechnology Program/RENORBIO, Health Sciences Center, Federal University of Espírito Santo, Vitoria (Espírito Santo), Brazil.
| | - Josiany Carlos de Souza
- Biotechnology Program/RENORBIO, Health Sciences Center, Federal University of Espírito Santo, Vitoria (Espírito Santo), Brazil
| | - Tatiana Massariol Pimenta
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Federal University of Espirito Santo, Marechal Campos Avenue, MaruípeEspírito Santo, Vitória, 1468, Brazil
| | - Bárbara da Silva Martins
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Federal University of Espirito Santo, Marechal Campos Avenue, MaruípeEspírito Santo, Vitória, 1468, Brazil
| | - Roberto Silva Ribeiro Junior
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Federal University of Espirito Santo, Marechal Campos Avenue, MaruípeEspírito Santo, Vitória, 1468, Brazil
| | - Solenny Maria Silva Butzene
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Federal University of Espirito Santo, Marechal Campos Avenue, MaruípeEspírito Santo, Vitória, 1468, Brazil
| | - Nayara Gusmão Tessarolo
- Viral Vector Laboratory, Center for Translational Investigation in Oncology, Cancer Institute of São Paulo/LIM24, University of São Paulo School of Medicine, São Paulo, (São Paulo), Brazil
| | | | - Ian Victor Silva
- Department of Morphology, Health Sciences Center, Federal University of Espirito Santo, Vitoria, Espirito Santo, Brazil
| | - Leticia B A Rangel
- Biotechnology Program/RENORBIO, Health Sciences Center, Federal University of Espírito Santo, Vitoria (Espírito Santo), Brazil.
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Federal University of Espirito Santo, Marechal Campos Avenue, MaruípeEspírito Santo, Vitória, 1468, Brazil.
- Biochemistry Program, Health Sciences Center, Federal University of Espirito Santo, Vitoria, Brazil.
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12
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Soni S, Yadav P, Mandal CC. Metformin ameliorates BMP2 induced adipocyte-like property in breast cancer cells. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2023; 672:201-208. [PMID: 37406485 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2023.06.044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2023] [Accepted: 06/14/2023] [Indexed: 07/07/2023]
Abstract
Neighboring adipocytes of tumor cells/cancer associated adipocytes supply many factors and fatty acids as fuel to cancer cells for inducing cancer progression and development. Epithelial breast cancer cells also differentiate into several cell types to meet various demands. This study reports that breast cancer cells exhibit inherent adipocyte-like property which is further enhanced in presence of BMP2. Antidiabetic metformin inhibits BMP2 induced adipocyte-like potential in breast cancer cells. Interestingly, breast cancer cells not only show lipid accumulation but also have ability to release lipid content. Thus, this study centers around the presence of the adipocyte cell-like property in breast cancer cells, the significance of BMP2 and metformin that may be explored in designing therapeutics against breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sneha Soni
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Life Sciences, Central University of Rajasthan, 305817, India
| | - Pooja Yadav
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Life Sciences, Central University of Rajasthan, 305817, India
| | - Chandi C Mandal
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Life Sciences, Central University of Rajasthan, 305817, India.
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13
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Bandyopadhayaya S, Yadav P, Sharma A, Dey SK, Nag A, Maheshwari R, Ford BM, Mandal CC. Oncogenic role of an uncharacterized cold-induced zinc finger protein 726 in breast cancer. J Cell Biochem 2023. [PMID: 37192271 DOI: 10.1002/jcb.30417] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2022] [Revised: 03/29/2023] [Accepted: 04/18/2023] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
The unobtrusive cold environmental temperature can be linked to the development of cancer. This study, for the first time, envisaged cold stress-mediated induction of a zinc finger protein 726 (ZNF726) in breast cancer. However, the role of ZNF726 in tumorigenesis has not been defined. This study investigated the putative role of ZNF726 in breast cancer tumorigenic potency. Gene expression analysis using multifactorial cancer databases predicted overexpression of ZNF726 in various cancers, including breast cancer. Experimental observations found that malignant breast tissues and highly aggressive MDA-MB-231 cells showed an elevated ZNF726 expression as compared to benign and luminal A type (MCF-7), respectively. Furthermore, ZNF726 silencing decreased breast cancer cell proliferation, epithelial-mesenchymal transition, and invasion accompanied by the inhibition of colony-forming ability. Concordantly, ZNF726 overexpression significantly demonstrated opposite outcomes than ZNF726 knockdown. Taken together, our findings propose cold-inducible ZNF726 as a functional oncogene demonstrating its prominent role in facilitating breast tumorigenesis. An inverse correlation between environmental temperature and total serum cholesterol was observed in the previous study. Furthermore, experimental outcomes illustrate that cold stress elevated cholesterol content hinting at the involvement of the cholesterol regulatory pathway in cold-induced ZNF726 gene regulation. This observation was bolstered by a positive correlation between the expression of cholesterol-regulatory genes and ZNF726. Exogenous cholesterol treatment elevated ZNF726 transcript levels while knockdown of ZNF726 decreased the cholesterol content via downregulating various cholesterol regulatory gene expressions (e.g., SREBF1/2, HMGCoR, LDLR). Moreover, an underlying mechanism supporting cold-driven tumorigenesis is proposed through interdependent regulation of cholesterol regulatory pathway and cold-inducible ZNF726 expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shreetama Bandyopadhayaya
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Life Sciences, Central University of Rajasthan, Ajmer, Rajasthan, India
| | - Pooja Yadav
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Life Sciences, Central University of Rajasthan, Ajmer, Rajasthan, India
| | - Ankit Sharma
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Life Sciences, Central University of Rajasthan, Ajmer, Rajasthan, India
| | - Sanjay Kumar Dey
- Dr. B. R. Ambedkar Centre for Biomedical Research (ACBR), University of Delhi, Delhi, India
| | - Alo Nag
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Delhi South Campus, New Delhi, India
| | - Rekha Maheshwari
- Department of General Surgery, JLN Medical College, Ajmer, Rajasthan, India
| | - Bridget M Ford
- Department of Biology, University of the Incarnate Word, San Antonio, Texas, USA
| | - Chandi C Mandal
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Life Sciences, Central University of Rajasthan, Ajmer, Rajasthan, India
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14
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Wanjari PJ, Rath A, Sathe RY, Bharatam PV. Identification of CYP3A4 inhibitors as potential anti-cancer agents using pharmacoinformatics approach. J Mol Model 2023; 29:156. [PMID: 37097473 DOI: 10.1007/s00894-023-05538-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2022] [Accepted: 03/30/2023] [Indexed: 04/26/2023]
Abstract
Biguanide derivatives exhibit a wide variety of therapeutic applications, including anti-cancer effects. Metformin is an effective anti-cancer agent against breast cancer, lung cancer, and prostate cancer. In the crystal structure (PDB ID: 5G5J), it was found that metformin is found in the active site of CYP3A4, and the associated anti-cancer effect was explored. Taking clues from this work, pharmacoinformatics research has been carried out on a series of known and virtual biguanide, guanylthiourea (GTU), and nitreone derivatives. This exercise led to the identification of more than 100 species that exhibit greater binding affinity toward CYP3A4 in comparison to that of metformin. Selected six molecules were subjected to molecular dynamics simulations, and the results are presented in this work.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pravin J Wanjari
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Sector 67, S.A.S. Nagar-160062, Punjab, India
| | - Asutosh Rath
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Sector 67, S.A.S. Nagar-160062, Punjab, India
| | - Rohit Y Sathe
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Sector 67, S.A.S. Nagar-160062, Punjab, India
| | - Prasad V Bharatam
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Sector 67, S.A.S. Nagar-160062, Punjab, India.
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15
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Kuldeep S, Soni S, Srivastava A, Mishra A, Sharma LK, Mandal CC. Dysregulated cholesterol regulatory genes as a diagnostic biomarker for cancer. J Gene Med 2023; 25:e3475. [PMID: 36670344 DOI: 10.1002/jgm.3475] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2022] [Revised: 12/04/2022] [Accepted: 01/12/2023] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND A dysregulation of cholesterol homeostasis is often seen in various cancer cell types, and elevated cholesterol content and that of its metabolites appears to be crucial for cancer progression and metastasis. Cholesterol is a precursor of various steroid hormones and a key plasma membrane component especially in lipid-rafts, also modulating many intracellular signaling pathways. METHODS To provide an insight of dysregulated cholesterol regulatory genes, their transcript levels were analyzed in different cancers and their influence was correlated with the overall survival of cancer patients using cancer database analysis. RESULTS This analysis found a set of genes (e.g., ACAT1, RXRA, SOAT1 and SQLE) that were not only often dysregulated, but also had been associated with poorer overall survival in most cancer types. Quantitative reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction analysis revealed elevated SQLE and SOAT1 transcript levels and downregulated expression of RXRA and ACAT1 genes in triple negative breast cancer tissues compared to adjacent control tissues, indicating that this dysregulated expression of the gene signature is a diagnostic marker for breast cancer. CONCLUSION For the first time, the present study identified a gene signature associated with the dysregulation of cholesterol homeostasis in cancer cells that may not only be used as a diagnostic marker, but also comprise a promising drug target for the advancement of cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seema Kuldeep
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Life Sciences, Central University of Rajasthan, Ajmer, Rajasthan, India
| | - Sneha Soni
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Life Sciences, Central University of Rajasthan, Ajmer, Rajasthan, India
| | - Anubhav Srivastava
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Biotechnology, Sanjay Gandhi Post Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences-, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Anjali Mishra
- Department of Endocrine and Breast Surgery, Sanjay Gandhi Post Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences-, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Lokendra Kumar Sharma
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Biotechnology, Sanjay Gandhi Post Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences-, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Chandi C Mandal
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Life Sciences, Central University of Rajasthan, Ajmer, Rajasthan, India
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16
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A novel polyphyllin I-based liposome delivery system sensitizes hepatic carcinoma to doxorubicin via cholesterol modulation. J Drug Deliv Sci Technol 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jddst.2022.103925] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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17
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Gu J, Zhu N, Li HF, Zhao TJ, Zhang CJ, Liao DF, Qin L. Cholesterol homeostasis and cancer: a new perspective on the low-density lipoprotein receptor. Cell Oncol 2022; 45:709-728. [PMID: 35864437 DOI: 10.1007/s13402-022-00694-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/14/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Disturbance of cholesterol homeostasis is considered as one of the manifestations of cancer. Cholesterol plays an essential role in the pleiotropic functions of cancer cells, including mediating membrane trafficking, intracellular signal transduction, and production of hormones and steroids. As a single transmembrane receptor, the low-density lipoprotein receptor (LDLR) can participate in intracellular cholesterol uptake and regulate cholesterol homeostasis. It has recently been found that LDLR is aberrantly expressed in a broad range of cancers, including colon cancer, prostate cancer, lung cancer, breast cancer and liver cancer. LDLR has also been found to be involved in various signaling pathways, such as the MAPK, NF-κB and PI3K/Akt signaling pathways, which affect cancer cells and their surrounding microenvironment. Moreover, LDLR may serve as an independent prognostic factor for lung cancer, breast cancer and pancreatic cancer, and is closely related to the survival of cancer patients. However, the role of LDLR in some cancers, such as prostate cancer, remains controversial. This may be due to the lack of normal feedback regulation of LDLR expression in cancer cells and the severe imbalance between LDLR-mediated cholesterol uptake and de novo biosynthesis of cholesterol. CONCLUSIONS The imbalance of cholesterol homeostasis caused by abnormal LDLR expression provides new therapeutic opportunities for cancer. LDLR interferes with the occurrence and development of cancer by modulating cholesterol homeostasis and may become a novel target for the development of anti-cancer drugs. Herein, we systematically review the contribution of LDLR to cancer progression, especially its dysregulation and underlying mechanism in various malignancies. Besides, potential targeting and immunotherapeutic options are proposed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia Gu
- Laboratory of Stem Cell Regulation With Chinese Medicine and Its Application, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, 410208, China
| | - Neng Zhu
- Department of Urology, The First Hospital of Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, 410007, China
| | - Hong-Fang Li
- Laboratory of Stem Cell Regulation With Chinese Medicine and Its Application, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, 410208, China
| | - Tan-Jun Zhao
- Laboratory of Stem Cell Regulation With Chinese Medicine and Its Application, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, 410208, China
| | - Chan-Juan Zhang
- Laboratory of Stem Cell Regulation With Chinese Medicine and Its Application, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, 410208, China
| | - Duan-Fang Liao
- Laboratory of Stem Cell Regulation With Chinese Medicine and Its Application, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, 410208, China
| | - Li Qin
- Laboratory of Stem Cell Regulation With Chinese Medicine and Its Application, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, 410208, China.
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18
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Coradini D. De novo cholesterol biosynthesis: an additional therapeutic target for the treatment of postmenopausal breast cancer with excessive adipose tissue. EXPLORATION OF TARGETED ANTI-TUMOR THERAPY 2022; 3:841-852. [PMID: 36654818 PMCID: PMC9834634 DOI: 10.37349/etat.2022.00116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2022] [Accepted: 11/08/2022] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
The onset and development of breast cancer in postmenopausal women are associated with closely related individual-dependent factors, including weight gain and high levels of circulating androgens. Adipose tissue is the most peripheral site of aromatase enzyme synthesis; therefore, the excessive accumulation of visceral fat results in increased androgens aromatization and estradiol production that provides the microenvironment favorable to tumorigenesis in mammary epithelial cells expressing estrogen receptors (ERs). Moreover, to meet the increased requirement of cholesterol for cell membrane assembly and the production of steroid hormones to sustain their proliferation, ER-positive cells activate de novo cholesterol biosynthesis and subsequent steroidogenesis. Several approaches have been followed to neutralize the de novo cholesterol synthesis, including specific enzyme inhibitors, statins, and, more recently, metformin. Cumulating evidence indicated that inhibiting cholesterol biosynthesis by statins and metformin may be a promising therapeutic strategy to block breast cancer progression. Unlike antiestrogens and aromatase inhibitors (AIs) which compete for binding to ER and inhibit androgens aromatization, respectively, statins block the production of mevalonic acid by inhibiting the activity of 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-coenzyme A (HMG-CoA) reductase, and metformin hampers the activation of the sterol regulatory element-binding protein 2 (SREBP2) transcription factor, thus inhibiting the synthesis of several enzymes involved in cholesterol biosynthesis. Noteworthy, statins and metformin not only improve the prognosis of overweight patients with ER-positive cancer but also improve the prognosis of patients with triple-negative breast cancer, the aggressive tumor subtype that lacks, at present, specific therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Danila Coradini
- Department of Clinical Sciences and Community Health, Campus Cascina Rosa, University of Milan, 20133 Milan, Italy,Correspondence: Danila Coradini, Department of Clinical Sciences and Community Health, Campus Cascina Rosa, University of Milan, Via Vanzetti 5, 20133 Milan, Italy.
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19
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Nm23-H1 activator phenylbutenoid dimer exerts cytotoxic effects on metastatic breast cancer cells by inducing mitochondrial dysfunction only under glucose starvation. Sci Rep 2021; 11:23549. [PMID: 34876614 PMCID: PMC8651694 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-02729-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2021] [Accepted: 11/01/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS) has become an attractive target in anti-cancer studies in recent years. In this study, we found that a small molecule phenylbutenoid dimer NMac1 (Nm23-H1 activator 1), (±)-trans-3-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)-4-[(E)-3,4-dimethoxystyryl]cyclohex-1-ene, a previously identified anti-metastatic agent, has novel anti-proliferative effect only under glucose starvation in metastatic breast cancer cells. NMac1 causes significant activation of AMPK by decreasing ATP synthesis, lowers mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP, ΔΨm), and inhibits oxygen consumption rate (OCR) under glucose starvation. These effects of NMac1 are provoked by a consequence of OXPHOS complex I inhibition. Through the structure–activity relationship (SAR) study of NMac1 derivatives, NMac24 was identified as the most effective compound in anti-proliferation. NMac1 and NMac24 effectively suppress cancer cell proliferation in 3D-spheroid in vivo-like models only under glucose starvation. These results suggest that NMac1 and NMac24 have the potential as anti-cancer agents having cytotoxic effects selectively in glucose restricted cells.
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20
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Abdulla N, Vincent CT, Kaur M. Mechanistic Insights Delineating the Role of Cholesterol in Epithelial Mesenchymal Transition and Drug Resistance in Cancer. Front Cell Dev Biol 2021; 9:728325. [PMID: 34869315 PMCID: PMC8640133 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2021.728325] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2021] [Accepted: 10/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Despite the significant advancements made in targeted anti-cancer therapy, drug resistance constitutes a multifaceted phenomenon leading to therapy failure and ultimately mortality. Emerging experimental evidence highlight a role of cholesterol metabolism in facilitating drug resistance in cancer. This review aims to describe the role of cholesterol in facilitating multi-drug resistance in cancer. We focus on specific signaling pathways that contribute to drug resistance and the link between these pathways and cholesterol. Additionally, we briefly discuss the molecular mechanisms related to the epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT), and the documented link between EMT, metastasis and drug resistance. We illustrate this by specifically focusing on hypoxia and the role it plays in influencing cellular cholesterol content following EMT induction. Finally, we provide a proposed model delineating the crucial role of cholesterol in EMT and discuss whether targeting cholesterol could serve as a novel means of combatting drug resistance in cancer progression and metastasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naaziyah Abdulla
- School of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa
| | - C Theresa Vincent
- Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, Uppsala, Sweden.,Department of Microbiology, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY, United States
| | - Mandeep Kaur
- School of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa
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21
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Kumar N, Mandal CC. Cholesterol-Lowering Drugs on Akt Signaling for Prevention of Tumorigenesis. Front Genet 2021; 12:724149. [PMID: 34603386 PMCID: PMC8483559 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2021.724149] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2021] [Accepted: 08/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Cholesterol has been reported to be accumulated in cancer cells. The metabolic dysregulation of the cholesterol is associated with tumor development and progression. The cholesterol-lowering drugs have been found to be involved in the prevention and treatment of various cancers. Akt, a serine/threonine kinase, can modulate the role of several downstream proteins involved in cell proliferation, migration, invasion, metabolism, and apoptosis. Since its involvement in several signaling pathways, its dysregulation is commonly reported in several cancers. Thus, targeting Akt could be an effective approach for cancer prevention and therapy. Cholesterol-lowering drugs have been found to affect the expression of Akt, and its activation in the cancer cells and thus have shown anticancer activity in different type of cancers. These drugs act on various signaling pathways such as PTEN/Akt, PI3k/Akt, Akt/NF-κB, Akt/FOXO1, Akt/mTOR, etc., which will be discussed in this article. This review article will discuss the significance of cholesterol in cancer cells, cholesterol-lowering drugs, the role of Akt in cancer cells, and the effects of cholesterol-lowering drugs on Akt in the prevention of therapy resistance and metastasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Navneet Kumar
- Department of Biochemistry, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Bhopal, India
| | - Chandi C Mandal
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Life Sciences, Central University of Rajasthan, Ajmer, India
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22
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Zhang L, Zhang S, Jiang M, Lu L, Ding Y, Ma N, Zhao Y, Xuchen S, Zhang N. Novel Timosaponin AIII-Based Multifunctional Liposomal Delivery System for Synergistic Therapy Against Hepatocellular Carcinoma Cancer. Int J Nanomedicine 2021; 16:5531-5550. [PMID: 34429598 PMCID: PMC8379713 DOI: 10.2147/ijn.s313759] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2021] [Accepted: 06/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction As high cholesterol level has been reported to be associated with cancer cell growth and cholesterol is vulnerable to oxidation, the conventional liposomes including cholesterol in the formulation seem to be challenged. Timosaponin AIII (TAIII), as a steroid saponin from Anemarrhena asphodeloides Bunge, possesses a similar structure with cholesterol and exhibits a wide range of antitumor activities, making it possible to develop a TAIII-based liposome where TAIII could potentially stabilize the phospholipid bilayer as a substitution of cholesterol and work as a chemotherapeutic drug as well. Meanwhile, TAIII could enhance the uptake of doxorubicin hydrochloride (DOX) in human hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) cells and exhibit synergistic effect. Thus, we designed a novel thermally sensitive multifunctional liposomal system composed of TAIII and lipids to deliver DOX for enhanced HCC treatment. Methods The synergistic effects of DOX and TAIII were explored on HCC cells and the tumor inhibition rate of TAIII-based liposomes carrying DOX was evaluated on both subcutaneous and orthotopic transplantation tumor models. TAIII-based multifunctional liposomes were characterized. Results Synergistic HCC cytotoxicity was achieved at molar ratios of 1:1, 1:2 and 1:4 of DOX/TAIII. TAIII-based liposomes carrying a low DOX dose of 2 mg/kg exhibited significantly enhanced antitumor activity than 5 mg/kg of DOX without detected cardiotoxicity on both subcutaneous and orthotopic transplantation tumor models. TAIII-based liposomes were characterized with smaller size than cholesterol liposomes but exhibited favorable stability. Mild hyperthermia generated by laser irradiation accelerated the release of DOX and TAIII from liposomes at tumor site, and cell permeability of TAIII enhanced uptake of DOX in HCC cells. Conclusion The innovative application of TAIII working as bilayer stabilizer and chemotherapeutic drug affords a stable multifunctional liposomal delivery system for synergistic therapy against HCC, which may be referred for the development of other types of saponins with similar property.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lijuan Zhang
- School of Pharmacy, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Shengan Zhang
- School of Basic Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Min Jiang
- School of Pharmacy, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Lu Lu
- Experiment Center for Teaching and Learning, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Yue Ding
- Experiment Center for Teaching and Learning, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Ninghui Ma
- School of Pharmacy, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuan Zhao
- Center of Science and Technology, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Sihan Xuchen
- School of Pharmacy, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Nailian Zhang
- School of Pharmacy, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
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23
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Morelli AP, Tortelli TC, Pavan ICB, Silva FR, Granato DC, Peruca GF, Pauletti BA, Domingues RR, Bezerra RMN, De Moura LP, Paes Leme AF, Chammas R, Simabuco FM. Metformin impairs cisplatin resistance effects in A549 lung cancer cells through mTOR signaling and other metabolic pathways. Int J Oncol 2021; 58:28. [PMID: 33846781 PMCID: PMC8041480 DOI: 10.3892/ijo.2021.5208] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2020] [Accepted: 01/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Lung cancer is the leading cause of cancer‑associated death worldwide and exhibits intrinsic and acquired therapeutic resistance to cisplatin (CIS). The present study investigated the role of mTOR signaling and other signaling pathways after metformin (MET) treatment in control and cisplatin‑resistant A549 cells, mapping pathways and possible targets involved in CIS sensitivity. MTT, flow cytometry, clonogenic assay, western blotting, proteomic analysis using the Stable Isotope Labeling by Amino acids in Cell culture (SILAC) approach and reverse transcription‑quantitative PCR were performed. The results revealed that CIS treatment induced mTOR signaling pathway overactivation, and the mTOR status was restored by MET. MET and the mTOR inhibitor rapamycin (RAPA) decreased the viability in control and resistant cells, and decreased the cell size increase induced by CIS. In control cells, MET and RAPA decreased colony formation after 72 h and decreased IC50 values, potentiating the effects of CIS. Proteomics analysis revealed important pathways regulated by MET, including transcription, RNA processing and IL‑12‑mediated signaling. In CIS‑resistant cells, MET regulated the apoptotic process, oxidative stress and G2/M transition. Annexin 4 (ANXA4) and superoxide dismutase 2 (SOD2), involved in apoptosis and oxidative stress, respectively, were chosen to validate the SILAC analysis and may represent potential therapeutic targets for lung cancer treatment. In conclusion, the chemosensitizing and antiproliferative effects of MET were associated with mTOR signaling and with potential novel targets, such as ANXA4 and SOD2, in human lung cancer cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Paula Morelli
- Multidisciplinary Laboratory of Food and Health, School of Applied Sciences, State University of Campinas, Limeira, SP 13484‑350, Brazil
| | - Tharcísio Citrângulo Tortelli
- Centro de Investigação Translacional em Oncologia, Departamento de Radiologia e Oncologia, Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo and Instituto do Câncer do Estado de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP 04021‑001, Brazil
| | - Isadora Carolina Betim Pavan
- Multidisciplinary Laboratory of Food and Health, School of Applied Sciences, State University of Campinas, Limeira, SP 13484‑350, Brazil
| | - Fernando Riback Silva
- Laboratory of Signaling Mechanisms, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, State University of Campinas, Campinas, SP 13083‑871, Brazil
| | - Daniela Campos Granato
- Brazilian Biosciences National Laboratory, Brazilian Center for Research in Energy and Materials, Campinas, SP 13083‑970, Brazil
| | - Guilherme Francisco Peruca
- Exercise Cell Biology Laboratory, School of Applied Sciences, State University of Campinas, Limeira, SP 13484‑350, Brazil
| | - Bianca Alves Pauletti
- Brazilian Biosciences National Laboratory, Brazilian Center for Research in Energy and Materials, Campinas, SP 13083‑970, Brazil
| | - Romênia Ramos Domingues
- Brazilian Biosciences National Laboratory, Brazilian Center for Research in Energy and Materials, Campinas, SP 13083‑970, Brazil
| | - Rosangela Maria Neves Bezerra
- Multidisciplinary Laboratory of Food and Health, School of Applied Sciences, State University of Campinas, Limeira, SP 13484‑350, Brazil
| | - Leandro Pereira De Moura
- Exercise Cell Biology Laboratory, School of Applied Sciences, State University of Campinas, Limeira, SP 13484‑350, Brazil
| | - Adriana Franco Paes Leme
- Brazilian Biosciences National Laboratory, Brazilian Center for Research in Energy and Materials, Campinas, SP 13083‑970, Brazil
| | - Roger Chammas
- Centro de Investigação Translacional em Oncologia, Departamento de Radiologia e Oncologia, Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo and Instituto do Câncer do Estado de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP 04021‑001, Brazil
| | - Fernando Moreira Simabuco
- Multidisciplinary Laboratory of Food and Health, School of Applied Sciences, State University of Campinas, Limeira, SP 13484‑350, Brazil
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Shekhawat RS, Mandal CC. Anti-obesity Medications in Cancer Therapy: A Comprehensive Insight. Curr Cancer Drug Targets 2021; 21:476-494. [PMID: 34225630 DOI: 10.2174/1568009621666210322122829] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2020] [Revised: 11/29/2020] [Accepted: 12/10/2020] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
The interplay between cancer and obesity is multifactorial and complex with the increased risk of cancer development in obese individuals posing a significant threat. Obesity leads to the upregulation or hyperactivation of several oncogenic pathways in cancer cells, which drives them towards a deleterious phenotype. The cross-talk between cancer and obesity is considered a large contributing factor in the development of chemotherapeutic drug resistance and the resistance to radiotherapy. The link between obesity and the development of cancer is so strong that a medication that demonstrates effectiveness against both conditions would serve as an essential step. In this context, anti-obesity medications provide a worthy list of candidates based on their chemo-preventive potential and chemotherapeutic properties. The current study focuses on exploring the potential of anti-obesity medicines as dual anticancer drugs. These medications target several key signaling pathways (e.g., AMPK, PI3K/Akt/mTOR, MAPK, NF-κB, JNK/ERK), which prove to be crucial for both cancer growth and metastases. Some of these drugs also play an important role in attenuating the signaling and cellular events which incite cancer-obesity cross-talk and demonstrate efficient counteraction of neoplastic transformation. Thus, this review highlights a comprehensive view of the potential use of anti-obesity medicines to treat both cancer and obesity for patients exhibiting both comorbities.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Chandi C Mandal
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Life Sciences, Central University of Rajasthan, India
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25
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Vaghari-Tabari M, Ferns GA, Qujeq D, Andevari AN, Sabahi Z, Moein S. Signaling, metabolism, and cancer: An important relationship for therapeutic intervention. J Cell Physiol 2021; 236:5512-5532. [PMID: 33580511 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.30276] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2020] [Revised: 12/28/2020] [Accepted: 12/30/2020] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
In cancerous cells, significant changes occur in the activity of signaling pathways affecting a wide range of cellular activities ranging from growth and proliferation to apoptosis, invasiveness, and metastasis. Extensive changes also happen with respect to the metabolism of a cancerous cell encompassing a wide range of functions that include: nutrient acquisition, biosynthesis of macromolecules, and energy generation. These changes are important and some therapeutic approaches for treating cancers have focused on targeting the metabolism of cancerous cells. Oncogenes and tumor suppressor genes have a significant effect on the metabolism of cells. There appears to be a close interaction between metabolism and the signaling pathways in a cancerous cell, in which the interaction provides the metabolic needs of a cancerous cell for uncontrolled proliferation, resistance to apoptosis, and metastasis. In this review, we have reviewed the latest findings in this regard and briefly review the most recent research findings regarding targeting the metabolism of cancer cells as a therapeutic approach for treatment of cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mostafa Vaghari-Tabari
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry and Laboratory Medicine, School of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.,Immunology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Gordon A Ferns
- Department of Medical Education, Brighton & Sussex Medical School, Falmer, Brighton, Sussex, UK
| | - Durdi Qujeq
- Cellular and Molecular Biology Research Center (CMBRC), Health Research Institute, Babol University of Medical Sciences, Babol, Iran.,Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Babol University of Medical Sciences, Babol, Iran
| | - Ali Nosrati Andevari
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Hormozgan University of Medical Sciences, Bandar Abbas, Iran
| | - Zahra Sabahi
- Medicinal Plants Processing Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Soheila Moein
- Medicinal Plants Processing Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
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26
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Saeed HK, Sutar Y, Patel P, Bhat R, Mallick S, Hatada AE, Koomoa DLT, Lange I, Date AA. Synthesis and Characterization of Lipophilic Salts of Metformin to Improve Its Repurposing for Cancer Therapy. ACS OMEGA 2021; 6:2626-2637. [PMID: 33553880 PMCID: PMC7859945 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.0c04779] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2020] [Accepted: 01/14/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Epidemiological evidence has accentuated the repurposing of metformin hydrochloride for cancer treatment. However, the extreme hydrophilicity and poor permeability of metformin hydrochloride are responsible for its poor anticancer activity in vitro and in vivo. Here, we report the synthesis and characterization of several lipophilic metformin salts containing bulky anionic permeation enhancers such as caprate, laurate, oleate, cholate, and docusate as counterions. Of various counterions tested, only docusate was able to significantly improve the lipophilicity and lipid solubility of metformin. To evaluate the impact of the association of anionic permeation enhancers with metformin, we checked the in vitro anticancer activity of various lipophilic salts of metformin using drug-sensitive (MYCN-2) and drug-resistant (SK-N-Be2c) neuroblastoma cells as model cancer cells. Metformin hydrochloride showed a very low potency (IC50 ≈ >100 mM) against MYCN-2 and SK-N-Be2c cells. Anionic permeation enhancers showed a considerably higher activity (IC50 ≈ 125 μM to 1.6 mM) against MYCN-2 and SK-N-Be2c cells than metformin. The association of metformin with most of the bulky anionic agents negatively impacted the anticancer activity against MYCN-2 and SK-N-Be2c cells. However, metformin docusate showed 700- to 4300-fold improvement in anticancer potency compared to metformin hydrochloride and four- to five-fold higher in vitro anticancer activity compared to sodium docusate, indicating a synergistic association between metformin and docusate. A similar trend was observed when we tested the in vitro activity of metformin docusate, sodium docusate, and metformin hydrochloride against hepatocellular carcinoma (HepG2) and triple-negative breast cancer (MDA-MB-231) cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiwa K. Saeed
- Department
of Pharmaceutical Sciences, The Daniel K. Inouye College of Pharmacy, University of Hawai’i at Hilo, Hilo Hawaii 96720, United States
| | - Yogesh Sutar
- Department
of Pharmaceutical Sciences, The Daniel K. Inouye College of Pharmacy, University of Hawai’i at Hilo, Hilo Hawaii 96720, United States
| | - Pratikkumar Patel
- Department
of Pharmaceutical Sciences, The Daniel K. Inouye College of Pharmacy, University of Hawai’i at Hilo, Hilo Hawaii 96720, United States
| | - Roopal Bhat
- Department
of Pharmaceutical Sciences, The Daniel K. Inouye College of Pharmacy, University of Hawai’i at Hilo, Hilo Hawaii 96720, United States
- Department
of Pharmaceutics, Shree Chanakya Education
Society’s Indira College of Pharmacy, Tathawade, Pune, Maharashtra 411033, India
| | - Sudipta Mallick
- Department
of Pharmaceutical Sciences, The Daniel K. Inouye College of Pharmacy, University of Hawai’i at Hilo, Hilo Hawaii 96720, United States
| | - Alyssa E. Hatada
- Department
of Pharmaceutical Sciences, The Daniel K. Inouye College of Pharmacy, University of Hawai’i at Hilo, Hilo Hawaii 96720, United States
| | - Dana-Lynn T. Koomoa
- Department
of Pharmaceutical Sciences, The Daniel K. Inouye College of Pharmacy, University of Hawai’i at Hilo, Hilo Hawaii 96720, United States
| | - Ingo Lange
- Department
of Pharmaceutical Sciences, The Daniel K. Inouye College of Pharmacy, University of Hawai’i at Hilo, Hilo Hawaii 96720, United States
| | - Abhijit A. Date
- Department
of Pharmaceutical Sciences, The Daniel K. Inouye College of Pharmacy, University of Hawai’i at Hilo, Hilo Hawaii 96720, United States
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27
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Long P, Wang Q, Zhang Y, Zhu X, Yu K, Jiang H, Liu X, Zhou M, Yuan Y, Liu K, Jiang J, Zhang X, He M, Guo H, Chen W, Yuan J, Cheng L, Liang L, Wu T. Profile of copper-associated DNA methylation and its association with incident acute coronary syndrome. Clin Epigenetics 2021; 13:19. [PMID: 33499918 PMCID: PMC7839231 DOI: 10.1186/s13148-021-01004-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2020] [Accepted: 01/04/2021] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Acute coronary syndrome (ACS) is a cardiac emergency with high mortality. Exposure to high copper (Cu) concentration has been linked to ACS. However, whether DNA methylation contributes to the association between Cu and ACS is unclear. Methods We measured methylation level at > 485,000 cytosine-phosphoguanine sites (CpGs) of blood leukocytes using Human Methylation 450 Bead Chip and conducted a genome-wide meta-analysis of plasma Cu in a total of 1243 Chinese individuals. For plasma Cu-related CpGs, we evaluated their associations with the expression of nearby genes as well as major cardiovascular risk factors. Furthermore, we examined their longitudinal associations with incident ACS in the nested case-control study. Results We identified four novel Cu-associated CpGs (cg20995564, cg18608055, cg26470501 and cg05825244) within a 5% false discovery rate (FDR). DNA methylation level of cg18608055, cg26470501, and cg05825244 also showed significant correlations with expressions of SBNO2, BCL3, and EBF4 gene, respectively. Higher DNA methylation level at cg05825244 locus was associated with lower high-density lipoprotein cholesterol level and higher C-reactive protein level. Furthermore, we demonstrated that higher cg05825244 methylation level was associated with increased risk of ACS (odds ratio [OR], 1.23; 95% CI 1.02–1.48; P = 0.03). Conclusions We identified novel DNA methylation alterations associated with plasma Cu in Chinese populations and linked these loci to risk of ACS, providing new insights into the regulation of gene expression by Cu-related DNA methylation and suggesting a role for DNA methylation in the association between copper and ACS. ![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Pinpin Long
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education and State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health (Incubating), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 13 Hangkong Rd., Wuhan, 430030, Hubei, China
| | - Qiuhong Wang
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education and State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health (Incubating), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 13 Hangkong Rd., Wuhan, 430030, Hubei, China
| | - Yizhi Zhang
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education and State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health (Incubating), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 13 Hangkong Rd., Wuhan, 430030, Hubei, China
| | - Xiaoyan Zhu
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education and State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health (Incubating), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 13 Hangkong Rd., Wuhan, 430030, Hubei, China.,Suzhou Center for Disease Prevention and Control, Suzhou, China
| | - Kuai Yu
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education and State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health (Incubating), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 13 Hangkong Rd., Wuhan, 430030, Hubei, China
| | - Haijing Jiang
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education and State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health (Incubating), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 13 Hangkong Rd., Wuhan, 430030, Hubei, China
| | - Xuezhen Liu
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education and State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health (Incubating), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 13 Hangkong Rd., Wuhan, 430030, Hubei, China
| | - Min Zhou
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education and State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health (Incubating), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 13 Hangkong Rd., Wuhan, 430030, Hubei, China
| | - Yu Yuan
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education and State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health (Incubating), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 13 Hangkong Rd., Wuhan, 430030, Hubei, China
| | - Kang Liu
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education and State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health (Incubating), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 13 Hangkong Rd., Wuhan, 430030, Hubei, China
| | - Jing Jiang
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education and State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health (Incubating), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 13 Hangkong Rd., Wuhan, 430030, Hubei, China
| | - Xiaomin Zhang
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education and State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health (Incubating), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 13 Hangkong Rd., Wuhan, 430030, Hubei, China
| | - Meian He
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education and State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health (Incubating), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 13 Hangkong Rd., Wuhan, 430030, Hubei, China
| | - Huan Guo
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education and State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health (Incubating), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 13 Hangkong Rd., Wuhan, 430030, Hubei, China
| | - Weihong Chen
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education and State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health (Incubating), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 13 Hangkong Rd., Wuhan, 430030, Hubei, China
| | - Jing Yuan
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education and State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health (Incubating), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 13 Hangkong Rd., Wuhan, 430030, Hubei, China
| | - Longxian Cheng
- Department of Cardiology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Liming Liang
- Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA.,Department of Biostatistics, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Tangchun Wu
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education and State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health (Incubating), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 13 Hangkong Rd., Wuhan, 430030, Hubei, China.
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28
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Bandyopadhayaya S, Akimov MG, Verma R, Sharma A, Sharma D, Kundu GC, Gretskaya NM, Bezuglov VV, Mandal CC. N-arachidonoyl dopamine inhibits epithelial-mesenchymal transition of breast cancer cells through ERK signaling and decreasing the cellular cholesterol. J Biochem Mol Toxicol 2021; 35:e22693. [PMID: 33393692 DOI: 10.1002/jbt.22693] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2020] [Revised: 11/04/2020] [Accepted: 12/11/2020] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
N-acyl dopamines (NADAs) are bioactive lipids of the endovanilloid family with known cytotoxicity for the cancer cells; however, the available data on the participation of the endovanilloids in epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) and cancer stemness are controversial. This study unveils the inhibitory role of N-arachidonoyl dopamine (AA-DA), a typical representative of the NADA family, in breast cancer cell migration, EMT, and stemness. AA-DA treatment also led to a decrease in cholesterol biosynthesis gene expressions, and addition of exogenous cholesterol reverted these AA-DA-mediated inhibitory effects. Notably, AA-DA treatment inhibited the key regulatory gene of the cholesterol biosynthesis pathway, sterol regulatory element-binding protein 1 (SREBP1), with concurrent repression of the endoplasmic reticulum kinase 1/2 (ERK1/2) pathway. Furthermore, U0126, an ERK inhibitor, inhibited SREBP1 and decreased cellular cholesterol level, unwinding the molecular mechanism behind AA-DA-mediated anticancer activity. Thus, we, for the first time, revealed that AA-DA counteracts breast cancer EMT via inhibition of ERK signaling and cholesterol content.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shreetama Bandyopadhayaya
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Life Sciences, Central University of Rajasthan, Ajmer, Rajasthan, India
| | - Mikhail G Akimov
- Shemyakin-Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, RAS, Moscow, Russia
| | - Ranjeet Verma
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Life Sciences, Central University of Rajasthan, Ajmer, Rajasthan, India
| | - Ankit Sharma
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Life Sciences, Central University of Rajasthan, Ajmer, Rajasthan, India
| | - Divya Sharma
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Life Sciences, Central University of Rajasthan, Ajmer, Rajasthan, India
| | - Gopal C Kundu
- School of Biotechnology, Institute of Eminence, KIIT Deemed to be University, Bhubaneswar, India
| | - Natalia M Gretskaya
- Shemyakin-Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, RAS, Moscow, Russia
| | - Vladimir V Bezuglov
- Shemyakin-Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, RAS, Moscow, Russia
| | - Chandi C Mandal
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Life Sciences, Central University of Rajasthan, Ajmer, Rajasthan, India
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29
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Otsuka K, Yamamoto Y, Ochiya T. Uncovering temperature-dependent extracellular vesicle secretion in breast cancer. J Extracell Vesicles 2020; 10:e12049. [PMID: 33408817 PMCID: PMC7775566 DOI: 10.1002/jev2.12049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2019] [Revised: 10/12/2020] [Accepted: 11/10/2020] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
In all living things, temperature is a key factor to maintain function and survive. Animals and plants need to adapt temperature change with optimizing their behaviour and growth by sensing temperature. Similarly, tumour cells must adapt continuously to fluctuations in external conditions including temperature. To find a better environment, cancer cells promote growth and metastasis, which contributes to tumour malignancy. Pathological studies in breast cancer have implied that temperature is associated with disease progression. However, no clear mechanisms have emerged for how thermal changes affect tumour cells and their gene regulation in tumour development and malignancy. Here we discovered the temperature-dependent extracellular vesicle (EV) secretion in breast cancer. Cancer cell growth and EV secretion increased in a temperature-dependent manner, which indicated that temperatures were associated with poor prognosis in breast cancer patients. We also found that low-density lipoprotein receptor (LDLR), a responsible gene for temperature-dependent EV secretion, was upregulated with the increase in temperature. Consistent with our results, LDLR gene has been characterized and identified as a key factor for malignancy in a wide range of cancers. Our findings shed new light on tumour aggressiveness and therapeutic strategies for breast cancer, especially regarding EV formation and secretion, thus providing a new relationship between cancer and EV biology in the light of temperature.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kurataka Otsuka
- Division of Molecular and Cellular MedicineNational Cancer Center Research Institute5‐1‐1, TsukijiChuo‐kuTokyoJapan
- R&D DivisionKewpie Corporation Sengawa Kewport2‐5‐7, Sengawa‐choChofu‐shiTokyoJapan
- Division of Molecular and Cellular MedicineInstitute of Medical ScienceTokyo Medical University6‐7‐1, NishishinjyukuShinjuku‐kuTokyoJapan
| | - Yusuke Yamamoto
- Division of Molecular and Cellular MedicineNational Cancer Center Research Institute5‐1‐1, TsukijiChuo‐kuTokyoJapan
| | - Takahiro Ochiya
- Division of Molecular and Cellular MedicineNational Cancer Center Research Institute5‐1‐1, TsukijiChuo‐kuTokyoJapan
- Division of Molecular and Cellular MedicineInstitute of Medical ScienceTokyo Medical University6‐7‐1, NishishinjyukuShinjuku‐kuTokyoJapan
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30
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Szlasa W, Zendran I, Zalesińska A, Tarek M, Kulbacka J. Lipid composition of the cancer cell membrane. J Bioenerg Biomembr 2020; 52:321-342. [PMID: 32715369 PMCID: PMC7520422 DOI: 10.1007/s10863-020-09846-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 184] [Impact Index Per Article: 46.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2020] [Accepted: 07/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Cancer cell possesses numerous adaptations to resist the immune system response and chemotherapy. One of the most significant properties of the neoplastic cells is the altered lipid metabolism, and consequently, the abnormal cell membrane composition. Like in the case of phosphatidylcholine, these changes result in the modulation of certain enzymes and accumulation of energetic material, which could be used for a higher proliferation rate. The changes are so prominent, that some lipids, such as phosphatidylserines, could even be considered as the cancer biomarkers. Additionally, some changes of biophysical properties of cell membranes lead to the higher resistance to chemotherapy, and finally to the disturbances in signalling pathways. Namely, the increased levels of certain lipids, like for instance phosphatidylserine, lead to the attenuation of the immune system response. Also, changes in lipid saturation prevent the cells from demanding conditions of the microenvironment. Particularly interesting is the significance of cell membrane cholesterol content in the modulation of metastasis. This review paper discusses the roles of each lipid type in cancer physiology. The review combined theoretical data with clinical studies to show novel therapeutic options concerning the modulation of cell membranes in oncology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wojciech Szlasa
- Faculty of Medicine, Wroclaw Medical University, Wrocław, Poland
| | - Iga Zendran
- Faculty of Medicine, Wroclaw Medical University, Wrocław, Poland
| | | | - Mounir Tarek
- Université de Lorraine, CNRS, LPCT, F-54000, Nancy, France
| | - Julita Kulbacka
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Wroclaw Medical University, Wrocław, Poland.
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31
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Seo Y, Kim J, Park SJ, Park JJ, Cheon JH, Kim WH, Kim TI. Metformin Suppresses Cancer Stem Cells through AMPK Activation and Inhibition of Protein Prenylation of the Mevalonate Pathway in Colorectal Cancer. Cancers (Basel) 2020; 12:cancers12092554. [PMID: 32911743 PMCID: PMC7563617 DOI: 10.3390/cancers12092554] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2020] [Revised: 07/31/2020] [Accepted: 09/04/2020] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Tumor suppressing effect of metformin has been reported, and one of mechanism of this effect is suppression of cancer stem cells (CSCs). However, detailed mechanism of metformin-induced CSC-inhibitory effect has not been known. We demonstrated that the CSC-suppressive effect of metformin was associated with AMPK activation/mTOR inhibition and repression of protein prenylation through suppression of mevalonate pathway in colorectal cancer. Further studies would be needed to investigate cross-reactions with other mechanisms of the antitumor effect of metformin, and clinical impact of metformin should be considered as chemopreventive or adjunctive treatment for colorectal tumor. Abstract Metformin is a well-known AMPK (AMP-activated protein kinase) activator that suppresses cancer stem cells (CSCs) in some cancers. However, the mechanisms of the CSC-suppressing effects of metformin are not yet well understood. In this study, we investigated the CSC-suppressive effect of metformin via the mevalonate (MVA) pathway in colorectal cancer (CRC). Two colorectal cancer cell lines, HT29 and DLD-1 cells, were treated with metformin, mevalonate, or a combination of the two. We measured CSC populations by flow cytometric analysis (CD44+/CD133+) and by tumor spheroid growth. The expression of p-AMPK, mTORC1 (pS6), and key enzymes (HMGCR, FDPS, GGPS1, and SQLE) of the MVA pathway was also analyzed. We investigated the effects of metformin and/or mevalonate in xenograft mice using HT29 cells; immunohistochemical staining for CSC markers and key enzymes of the MVA pathway in tumor xenografts was performed. In both HT29 and DLD-1 cells, the CSC population was significantly decreased following treatment with metformin, AMPK activator (AICAR), HMG-CoA reductase inhibitor (simvastatin), or mTOR inhibitor (rapamycin), and was increased by mevalonate. The CSC-suppressing effect of these drugs was attenuated by mevalonate. The results of tumor spheroid growth matched those of the CSC population experiments. Metformin treatment increased p-AMPK and decreased mTOR (pS6) expression; these effects were reversed by addition of mevalonate. The expression of key MVA pathway enzymes was significantly increased in tumor spheroid culture, and by addition of mevalonate, and decreased upon treatment with metformin, AICAR, or rapamycin. In xenograft experiments, tumor growth and CSC populations were significantly reduced by metformin, and this inhibitory effect of metformin was abrogated by combined treatment with mevalonate. Furthermore, in the MVA pathway, CSC populations were reduced by inhibition of protein prenylation with a farnesyl transferase inhibitor (FTI-277) or a geranylgeranyl transferase inhibitor (GGTI-298), but not by inhibition of cholesterol synthesis with a squalene synthase inhibitor (YM-53601). In conclusion, the CSC-suppressive effect of metformin was associated with AMPK activation and repression of protein prenylation through MVA pathway suppression in colorectal cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoojeong Seo
- Institute of Gastroenterology, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul 03722, Korea; (Y.S.); (J.K.); (S.J.P.); (J.J.P.); (J.H.C.); (W.H.K.)
- Brain Korea 21 PLUS Project for Medical Science, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul 03722, Korea
| | - Janghyun Kim
- Institute of Gastroenterology, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul 03722, Korea; (Y.S.); (J.K.); (S.J.P.); (J.J.P.); (J.H.C.); (W.H.K.)
| | - Soo Jung Park
- Institute of Gastroenterology, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul 03722, Korea; (Y.S.); (J.K.); (S.J.P.); (J.J.P.); (J.H.C.); (W.H.K.)
- Department of Internal Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul 03722, Korea
| | - Jae Jun Park
- Institute of Gastroenterology, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul 03722, Korea; (Y.S.); (J.K.); (S.J.P.); (J.J.P.); (J.H.C.); (W.H.K.)
- Department of Internal Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul 03722, Korea
- Cancer Prevention Center, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul 03722, Korea
| | - Jae Hee Cheon
- Institute of Gastroenterology, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul 03722, Korea; (Y.S.); (J.K.); (S.J.P.); (J.J.P.); (J.H.C.); (W.H.K.)
- Department of Internal Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul 03722, Korea
| | - Won Ho Kim
- Institute of Gastroenterology, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul 03722, Korea; (Y.S.); (J.K.); (S.J.P.); (J.J.P.); (J.H.C.); (W.H.K.)
- Department of Internal Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul 03722, Korea
| | - Tae Il Kim
- Institute of Gastroenterology, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul 03722, Korea; (Y.S.); (J.K.); (S.J.P.); (J.J.P.); (J.H.C.); (W.H.K.)
- Brain Korea 21 PLUS Project for Medical Science, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul 03722, Korea
- Department of Internal Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul 03722, Korea
- Cancer Prevention Center, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul 03722, Korea
- Correspondence:
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32
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Mandal CC. Osteolytic metastasis in breast cancer: effective prevention strategies. Expert Rev Anticancer Ther 2020; 20:797-811. [PMID: 32772585 DOI: 10.1080/14737140.2020.1807950] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Breast cancer is the most common cancer in women throughout the world. Patients who are diagnosed early generally have better prognosis and survivability. Indeed, advanced stage breast cancer often develops osteolytic metastases, leading to bone destruction. Although there are select drugs available to treat bone metastatic disease, these drugs have shown limited success. AREA COVERED This paper emphasizes updated mechanisms of bone remodeling and osteolytic bone metastases of breast cancer. This article also aims to explore the potential of novel natural and synthetic therapeutics in the effective prevention of breast cancer-induced osteolysis and osteolytic metastases of breast cancer. EXPERT OPINION Targeting TGFβ and BMP signaling pathways, along with osteoclast activity, appears to be a promising therapeutic strategy in the prevention of breast cancer-induced osteolytic bone destruction and metastatic growth at bone metastatic niches. Pilot studies in animal models suggest various natural and synthetic compounds and monoclonal antibodies as putative therapeutics in the prevention of breast cancer stimulated osteolytic activity. However, comprehensive pre-clinical studies demonstrating the PK/PD and in-depth understanding of molecular mechanism(s) by which these potential molecules exhibit anti-tumor growth and anti-osteolytic activity are still required to develop effective therapies against breast cancer-induced osteolytic bone disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chandi C Mandal
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Life Sciences, Central University of Rajasthan , Ajmer, India
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Jain S, Bhar K, Bandyopadhayaya S, Singh VK, Mandal CC, Tapryal S, Sharma AK. Development, evaluation and effect of anionic co-ligand on the biological activity of benzothiazole derived copper(II) complexes. J Inorg Biochem 2020; 210:111174. [PMID: 32652261 DOI: 10.1016/j.jinorgbio.2020.111174] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2020] [Revised: 06/28/2020] [Accepted: 06/28/2020] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Research on development of novel metal based anti-cancer agents continues with its popularity among bioinorganic community. Benzothiazole, an important heterocyclic pharmacophore, was chosen as a valuable and useful scaffold for the synthesis of novel copper(II) complexes. Three new copper(II) complexes obtained from the synthesis of newly synthesized benzothiazole based N-(benzo[d]thiazol-2-ylmethyl)-N-methyl-2-(pyridin-2-yl)ethan-1-amine (btzpy) ligand with CuCl2 [Cu(btzpy)Cl2] (1), Cu(NCS)2 [Cu(btzpy)(NCS)2] (2), and Cu(NO3)2 [Cu(btzpy)(NO3)(H2O)]NO3 (3) were isolated and characterized by physical and spectroscopic measurements, including single-crystal X-ray structures. The interaction of complexes 1 and 3 with calf thymus (CT)-DNA was investigated using ethidium bromide fluorescence quenching assay and weak intercalation with KSV values of 9.8 × 102 M-1 and 8.2 × 102 M-1, respectively was observed. All three complexes have shown DNA cleavage of supercoiled plasmid DNA forming single nicked and double nicked forms in the presence of external reducing agents like 3-mercaptopropionic acid (3-MPA) and ascorbic acid. The water-soluble complexes 1 and 3 also show prominent hydrolytic DNA cleavage. From the DPPH (2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl) radical scavenging assay, it was observed that complex 2 also exhibits good antioxidant properties. The cytotoxicity of complexes 1-3 was tested against the lung cancer cell line (A549) and complex 2 with -NCS moiety shows maximum activity in the micromolar range. A rationale for the observed activity is proposed in light of the other properties of these molecules.
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Affiliation(s)
- Surbhi Jain
- Department of Chemistry, School of Chemical Sciences and Pharmacy, Central University of Rajasthan, Bandarsindri, District Ajmer, Rajasthan 305817, India
| | - Kishalay Bhar
- Department of Chemistry, School of Chemical Sciences and Pharmacy, Central University of Rajasthan, Bandarsindri, District Ajmer, Rajasthan 305817, India
| | - Shreetama Bandyopadhayaya
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Life Sciences, Central University of Rajasthan, Bandarsindri, District Ajmer, Rajasthan 305817, India
| | - Vikas K Singh
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Central University of Rajasthan, Bandarsindri, District Ajmer, Rajasthan 305817, India
| | - Chandi C Mandal
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Life Sciences, Central University of Rajasthan, Bandarsindri, District Ajmer, Rajasthan 305817, India
| | - Suman Tapryal
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Central University of Rajasthan, Bandarsindri, District Ajmer, Rajasthan 305817, India
| | - Anuj K Sharma
- Department of Chemistry, School of Chemical Sciences and Pharmacy, Central University of Rajasthan, Bandarsindri, District Ajmer, Rajasthan 305817, India.
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Andersen CJ, Dupree L, Murray K, Ragonesi N, McMullen K, Cintrón-Rivera L, Doerr A. Low-Density Lipoproteins, High-Density Lipoproteins (HDL), and HDL-Associated Proteins Differentially Modulate Chronic Myelogenous Leukemia Cell Viability. Lipids 2020; 55:615-626. [PMID: 32558932 DOI: 10.1002/lipd.12254] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2019] [Revised: 04/17/2020] [Accepted: 05/05/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Cellular lipid metabolism, lipoprotein interactions, and liver X receptor (LXR) activation have been implicated in the pathophysiology and treatment of cancer, although findings vary across cancer models and by lipoprotein profiles. In this study, we investigated the effects of human-derived low-density lipoproteins (LDL), high-density lipoproteins (HDL), and HDL-associated proteins apolipoprotein A1 (apoA1) and serum amyloid A (SAA) on markers of viability, cholesterol flux, and differentiation in K562 cells-a bone marrow-derived, stem-like erythroleukemia cell model of chronic myelogenous leukemia (CML). We further evaluated whether lipoprotein-mediated effects were altered by concomitant LXR activation. We observed that LDL promoted higher K562 cell viability in a dose- and time-dependent manner and increased cellular cholesterol concentrations, while LXR activation by the agonist TO901317 ablated these effects. LXR activation in the presence of HDL, apoA1 and SAA-rich HDL suppressed K562 cell viability, while robustly inducing mRNA expression of ATP-binding cassette transporter A1 (ABCA1). HDL and its associated proteins additionally suppressed mRNA expression of anti-apoptotic B-cell lymphoma-extra large (BCL-xL), and the erythroid lineage marker 5'-aminolevulinate synthase 2 (ALAS2), while SAA-rich HDL induced mRNA expression of the megakaryocytic lineage marker integrin subunit alpha 2b (ITGA2B). Together, these findings suggest that lipoproteins and LXR may impact the viability and characteristics of CML cells.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Lydia Dupree
- Department of Biology, Fairfield University, Fairfield, CT, 06824, USA
| | - Kristina Murray
- Department of Biology, Fairfield University, Fairfield, CT, 06824, USA
| | - Nicholas Ragonesi
- Department of Biology, Fairfield University, Fairfield, CT, 06824, USA
| | - Kaley McMullen
- Department of Biology, Fairfield University, Fairfield, CT, 06824, USA
| | | | - Adam Doerr
- Department of Biology, Fairfield University, Fairfield, CT, 06824, USA
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The Pivotal Role of the Dysregulation of Cholesterol Homeostasis in Cancer: Implications for Therapeutic Targets. Cancers (Basel) 2020; 12:cancers12061410. [PMID: 32486083 DOI: 10.3390/cancers12061410] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2020] [Revised: 05/23/2020] [Accepted: 05/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Cholesterol plays an important role in cellular homeostasis by maintaining the rigidity of cell membranes, providing a medium for signaling transduction, and being converted into other vital macromolecules, such as sterol hormones and bile acids. Epidemiological studies have shown the correlation between cholesterol content and cancer incidence worldwide. Accumulating evidence has shown the emerging roles of the dysregulation of cholesterol metabolism in cancer development. More specifically, recent reports have shown the distinct role of cholesterol in the suppression of immune cells, regulation of cell survival, and modulation of cancer stem cells in cancer. Here, we provide a comprehensive review of the epidemiological analysis, functional roles, and mechanistic action of cholesterol homeostasis in regard to its contribution to cancer development. Based on the existing data, cholesterol homeostasis is identified to be a new key player in cancer pathogenesis. Lastly, we also discuss the therapeutic implications of natural compounds and cholesterol-lowering drugs in cancer prevention and treatment. In conclusion, intervention in cholesterol metabolism may offer a new therapeutic avenue for cancer treatment.
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Jain S, Bhar K, Kumar S, Bandyopadhyaya S, Tapryal S, Mandal CC, Sharma AK. Homo- and heteroleptic trimethoxy terpyridine–Cu(ii) complexes: synthesis, characterization, DNA/BSA binding, DNA cleavage and cytotoxicity studies. Dalton Trans 2020; 49:4100-4113. [DOI: 10.1039/d0dt00209g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
In the current study, four novel mononuclear Cu(ii) complexes with terpyridine (L) and different co-ligands (phen, bipy, and imd) were synthesized and characterized in detail, whereLis 4′-(3,4,5-trimethoxyphenyl)-2,2′:6′,2′′-terpyridine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Surbhi Jain
- Department of Chemistry
- School of Chemical Sciences and Pharmacy
- India
| | - Kishalay Bhar
- Department of Chemistry
- School of Chemical Sciences and Pharmacy
- India
| | - Sandeep Kumar
- Department of Biotechnology
- School of Life Sciences
- India
| | | | - Suman Tapryal
- Department of Biotechnology
- School of Life Sciences
- India
| | - Chandi C. Mandal
- Department of Biochemistry
- School of Life Sciences
- Central University of Rajasthan
- India
| | - Anuj K. Sharma
- Department of Chemistry
- School of Chemical Sciences and Pharmacy
- India
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Lende TH, Austdal M, Varhaugvik AE, Skaland I, Gudlaugsson E, Kvaløy JT, Akslen LA, Søiland H, Janssen EAM, Baak JPA. Influence of pre-operative oral carbohydrate loading vs. standard fasting on tumor proliferation and clinical outcome in breast cancer patients ─ a randomized trial. BMC Cancer 2019; 19:1076. [PMID: 31703648 PMCID: PMC6842165 DOI: 10.1186/s12885-019-6275-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2019] [Accepted: 10/18/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Conflicting results have been reported on the influence of carbohydrates in breast cancer. Objective To determine the influence of pre-operative per-oral carbohydrate load on proliferation in breast tumors. Design Randomized controlled trial. Setting University hospital with primary and secondary care functions in South-West Norway. Patients Sixty-one patients with operable breast cancer from a population-based cohort. Intervention Per-oral carbohydrate load (preOp™) 18 and 2–4 h before surgery (n = 26) or standard pre-operative fasting with free consumption of tap water (n = 35). Measurements The primary outcome was post-operative tumor proliferation measured by the mitotic activity index (MAI). The secondary outcomes were changes in the levels of serum insulin, insulin-c-peptide, glucose, IGF-1, and IGFBP3; patients’ well-being, and clinical outcome over a median follow-up of 88 months (range 33–97 months). Results In the estrogen receptor (ER) positive subgroup (n = 50), high proliferation (MAI ≥ 10) occurred more often in the carbohydrate group (CH) than in the fasting group (p = 0.038). The CH group was more frequently progesterone receptor (PR) negative (p = 0.014). The CH group had a significant increase in insulin (+ 24.31 mIE/L, 95% CI 15.34 mIE/L to 33.27 mIE/L) and insulin c-peptide (+ 1.39 nM, 95% CI 1.03 nM to 1.77 nM), but reduced IGFBP3 levels (− 0.26 nM; 95% CI − 0.46 nM to − 0.051 nM) compared to the fasting group. CH-intervention ER-positive patients had poorer relapse-free survival (73%) than the fasting group (100%; p = 0.012; HR = 9.3, 95% CI, 1.1 to 77.7). In the ER-positive patients, only tumor size (p = 0.021; HR = 6.07, 95% CI 1.31 to 28.03) and the CH/fasting subgrouping (p = 0.040; HR = 9.30, 95% CI 1.11 to 77.82) had independent prognostic value. The adverse clinical outcome of carbohydrate loading occurred only in T2 patients with relapse-free survival of 100% in the fasting group vs. 33% in the CH group (p = 0.015; HR = inf). The CH group reported less pain on days 5 and 6 than the control group (p < 0.001) but otherwise exhibited no factors related to well-being. Limitation Only applicable to T2 tumors in patients with ER-positive breast cancer. Conclusions Pre-operative carbohydrate load increases proliferation and PR-negativity in ER-positive patients and worsens clinical outcome in ER-positive T2 patients. Trial registration CliniTrials.gov; NCT03886389. Retrospectively registered March 22, 2019.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tone Hoel Lende
- Department of Breast & Endocrine Surgery, Stavanger University Hospital, Helse Stavanger HF, P.O. Box 8100, N-4068, Stavanger, Norway. .,Centre for Cancer Biomarkers CCBIO, Department of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Bergen, Jonas Lies vei 87, N-5012, Bergen, Norway.
| | - Marie Austdal
- Department of Research, Stavanger University Hospital, Helse Stavanger HF, P.O. Box 8100, N-4068, Stavanger, Norway.,Department of Pathology, Stavanger University Hospital, Helse Stavanger HF, P.O. Box 8100, N-4068, Stavanger, Norway
| | - Anne Elin Varhaugvik
- Department of Pathology, Stavanger University Hospital, Helse Stavanger HF, P.O. Box 8100, N-4068, Stavanger, Norway.,Department of Pathology, Helse Møre og Romsdal HF, P.O. Box 1600, N-6026, Ålesund, Norway
| | - Ivar Skaland
- Department of Pathology, Stavanger University Hospital, Helse Stavanger HF, P.O. Box 8100, N-4068, Stavanger, Norway
| | - Einar Gudlaugsson
- Department of Pathology, Stavanger University Hospital, Helse Stavanger HF, P.O. Box 8100, N-4068, Stavanger, Norway
| | - Jan Terje Kvaløy
- Department of Research, Stavanger University Hospital, Helse Stavanger HF, P.O. Box 8100, N-4068, Stavanger, Norway.,Department of Mathematics and Physics, University of Stavanger, P.O. Box 8600 Forus, N-4036, Stavanger, Norway
| | - Lars A Akslen
- Centre for Cancer Biomarkers CCBIO, Department of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Bergen, Jonas Lies vei 87, N-5012, Bergen, Norway.,Gades Institute, Laboratory Medicine Pathology, University of Bergen, Jonas Lies vei 87, N-5012, Bergen, Norway
| | - Håvard Søiland
- Department of Breast & Endocrine Surgery, Stavanger University Hospital, Helse Stavanger HF, P.O. Box 8100, N-4068, Stavanger, Norway.,Department of Clinical Science, University of Bergen, Jonas Lies vei 87, N-5012, Bergen, Norway
| | - Emiel A M Janssen
- Department of Pathology, Stavanger University Hospital, Helse Stavanger HF, P.O. Box 8100, N-4068, Stavanger, Norway.,Department of Mathematics and Physics, University of Stavanger, P.O. Box 8600 Forus, N-4036, Stavanger, Norway
| | - Jan P A Baak
- Department of Pathology, Stavanger University Hospital, Helse Stavanger HF, P.O. Box 8100, N-4068, Stavanger, Norway.,, Risavegen 66, N-4056, Tananger, Norway.,, Vierhuysen 6, 1921 SB, Akersloot, Netherlands
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Sharma T, Sharma A, Maheshwari R, Pachori G, Kumari P, Mandal CC. Docosahexaenoic Acid (DHA) Inhibits Bone Morphogenetic Protein-2 (BMP-2) Elevated Osteoblast Potential of Metastatic Breast Cancer (MDA-MB-231) Cells in Mammary Microcalcification. Nutr Cancer 2019; 72:873-883. [DOI: 10.1080/01635581.2019.1651879] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Tanu Sharma
- Department of Biochemistry, Central University of Rajasthan, Ajmer, India
| | - Ankit Sharma
- Department of Biochemistry, Central University of Rajasthan, Ajmer, India
| | - Rekha Maheshwari
- Department of General Surgery, JLN Medical College, Ajmer, India
| | - Geeta Pachori
- Department of Pathology, JLN Medical College, Ajmer, India
| | - Poonam Kumari
- Department of Biochemistry, Central University of Rajasthan, Ajmer, India
| | - Chandi C. Mandal
- Department of Biochemistry, Central University of Rajasthan, Ajmer, India
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Raffaele M, Pittalà V, Zingales V, Barbagallo I, Salerno L, Li Volti G, Romeo G, Carota G, Sorrenti V, Vanella L. Heme Oxygenase-1 Inhibition Sensitizes Human Prostate Cancer Cells towards Glucose Deprivation and Metformin-Mediated Cell Death. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:ijms20102593. [PMID: 31137785 PMCID: PMC6566853 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20102593] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2019] [Revised: 05/16/2019] [Accepted: 05/23/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
High levels of heme oxygenase (HO)-1 have been frequently reported in different human cancers, playing a major role in drug resistance and regulation of cancer cell redox homeostasis. Metformin (MET), a drug widely used for type 2 diabetes, has recently gained interest for treating several cancers. Recent studies indicated that the anti-proliferative effects of metformin in cancer cells are highly dependent on glucose concentration. The present work was directed to determine whether use of a specific inhibitor of HO-1 activity, alone or in combination with metformin, affected metastatic prostate cancer cell viability under different concentrations of glucose. MTT assay and the xCELLigence system were used to evaluate cell viability and cell proliferation in DU145 human prostate cancer cells. Cell apoptosis and reactive oxygen species were analyzed by flow cytometry. The activity of HO-1 was inhibited using a selective imidazole-based inhibitor; genes associated with antioxidant systems and cell death were evaluated by qRT-PCR. Our study demonstrates that metformin suppressed prostate cancer growth in vitro and increased oxidative stress. Disrupting the antioxidant HO-1 activity, especially under low glucose concentration, could be an attractive approach to potentiate metformin antineoplastic effects and could provide a biochemical basis for developing HO-1-targeting drugs against solid tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marco Raffaele
- Department of Drug Science, Biochemistry Section, University of Catania, 95125 Catania, Italy.
| | - Valeria Pittalà
- Department of Drug Science, Pharmaceutical Chemistry Section, University of Catania, 95125 Catania, Italy.
| | - Veronica Zingales
- Department of Drug Science, Biochemistry Section, University of Catania, 95125 Catania, Italy.
| | - Ignazio Barbagallo
- Department of Drug Science, Biochemistry Section, University of Catania, 95125 Catania, Italy.
| | - Loredana Salerno
- Department of Drug Science, Pharmaceutical Chemistry Section, University of Catania, 95125 Catania, Italy.
| | - Giovanni Li Volti
- Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, University of Catania, 95125 Catania, Italy.
| | - Giuseppe Romeo
- Department of Drug Science, Pharmaceutical Chemistry Section, University of Catania, 95125 Catania, Italy.
| | - Giuseppe Carota
- Department of Drug Science, Biochemistry Section, University of Catania, 95125 Catania, Italy.
| | - Valeria Sorrenti
- Department of Drug Science, Biochemistry Section, University of Catania, 95125 Catania, Italy.
| | - Luca Vanella
- Department of Drug Science, Biochemistry Section, University of Catania, 95125 Catania, Italy.
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