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Ahmed N, Jabeen S, Rashid F, Lal N, Ali M, Sattar A, Ali A, Ali A, Arshad M, Fu Y, Zhang F, Malik SI. Valuation of knowledge, attitude, practices of tuberculosis among the health care workers from Islamabad Pakistan. Acta Trop 2024; 257:107317. [PMID: 38981566 DOI: 10.1016/j.actatropica.2024.107317] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2024] [Revised: 06/18/2024] [Accepted: 07/04/2024] [Indexed: 07/11/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Tuberculosis (TB) as a foremost infectious disease adds massive burden to morbidity and mortality rate, despite of well-structured TB control programs around the globe. Inappropriate health care management system and poor implementation on standard in relevance to TB, remain some reasons causative to TB prevalence and its rising antimicrobial resistance. Health Care Workers (HCWs) laboring as a part of TB control system, are the vital warriors in achieving the goals of TB End Strategy by 2035. Their performance is influenced by their knowledge, attitude, and practices (KAP) toward this infectious disease. This study aimed to signify the role of KAP score of health care Workers in the better control and prevention of TB in the Islamabad Capital Territory (ICT), Pakistan. METHODS A cross-sectional study on Knowledge, Attitude and Practice study of Tuberculosis (TB) among health care Workers, was done in ICT, which is the capital of Pakistan. The KAP of TB was collected for the 306 Health Care Workers from all the Islamabad TB referring health facilities which refer the TB patients for testing to the National Reference Laboratory, Islamabad Pakistan. Eligible health care workers were requested to respond on KAP questionnaire after informed consent. KAP questionnaire comprised of knowledge, attitude, and practices section including demographic information. All the data was analyzed using IBM SPSS statistics 21. One Way Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) was applied to calculate KAP mean score against different variables. On the significant data sets of ANOVA output, Tukey's Multiple Comparison Test was applied for pairwise comparison. Pearson correlation coefficient was utilized to explore the association between two qualitative variables. The non-parametric tests were applied to evaluate difference of KAP score in relation to demographic covariates individually. RESULTS From June to July 2023, we conducted TB KAP study among Health Care Workers of ICT, Pakistan. The average age was 33 years (range 26-30 years). Majority of the recruited subjects were not being trained for dealing with TB infection. The results demonstrated that Health Care Workers working were lacking their knowledge about mode of TB transmission, best diagnostic technique, and contraction of TB infections. The mean knowledge, attitude and practices mean scores were 15.05 (SD = 3.96), 83.68 (SD = 15.74) and 6.31 (SD = 2.21), respectively. Mean knowledge score of Health Care Workers were significantly related to their educational level and occupation while no significant association was declared with working experience as TB staff. Pearson coefficient of attitude score with knowledge of Health Care Workers was of weak level (0.28). Practice mean score was correlated to knowledge mean score at a moderate level (r = 0.40). On the other hand, practice score was r = 0.29 with attitude mean score had shown weak level correlation. A number of demographic factors were strongly linked to each of the mean score of knowledge, attitude, and practices. CONCLUSION These findings highlighted the significant involvement of education, profession, and professional trainings in the better knowledge, attitude, and practices of the TB related health care Workers. For a better management system of infectious diseases like TB, a well-trained and professionally competent staff of Health Care Workers is important so as to achieve the goal of TB-End strategy by 2035 from Pakistan, which is the 5th highest burden country for TB.
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Affiliation(s)
- Niaz Ahmed
- Department of Microbiology, Wu Lien Teh Institute, Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150081, PR China
| | - Sadia Jabeen
- Department of Microbiology, Wu Lien Teh Institute, Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150081, PR China
| | - Faiqa Rashid
- Department Of Bioinformatics and Biosciences, Capital University of Science & Technology, Islamabad Expressway, Kahuta Road, Zone-V, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Nand Lal
- Department of Physiology, School of Biomedical Sciences, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, PR China
| | - Maqsood Ali
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Harbin Medical University, 157 Baojian road Nangang District, Harbin 150086, PR China
| | - Abdul Sattar
- Federal General Hospital, Park road Chak Shahzad, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Ansar Ali
- National TB Reference Laboratory, National TB Control Program, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Abid Ali
- Department of Medical Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Harbin Medical University, No.157 Baojian Road, Nangang District, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150081, PR China
| | - Muhammad Arshad
- Genomics Research Center (Key Laboratory of Gut Microbiota and Pharmacogenomics of Heilongjiang Province), College of Pharmacy, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Yingmei Fu
- Department of Microbiology, Wu Lien Teh Institute, Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150081, PR China
| | - Fengmin Zhang
- Department of Microbiology, Wu Lien Teh Institute, Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150081, PR China; Heilongjiang Key Laboratory of Immunity and Infection, Harbin 150081, China.
| | - Shaukat Iqbal Malik
- Department Of Bioinformatics and Biosciences, Capital University of Science & Technology, Islamabad Expressway, Kahuta Road, Zone-V, Islamabad, Pakistan
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Zarei F, Dehghani A, Rezaei F, Kazemi A, Masoumi G. Knowledge, attitude, and practice of Iranian health care workers about infodemic management: a cross-sectional descriptive study. BMC Health Serv Res 2024; 24:992. [PMID: 39192273 DOI: 10.1186/s12913-024-11441-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2024] [Accepted: 08/14/2024] [Indexed: 08/29/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Misinformation (infodemics) can hinder effective healthcare delivery. This study assessed Iranian healthcare workers' (HCWs) knowledge, attitude, and practice (KAP) regarding infodemic management (IM). METHOD A cross-sectional survey using a self-reported questionnaire (KAPIM) distributed via convenience sampling to 1890 HCWs across all Iranian Medical Sciences Universities. RESULTS The results showed that healthcare workers demonstrated overall KAP scores with a mean of 3.38 out of 5. Knowledge scores were 63.01%, attitude scores were 74.23%, and practice scores were lower at 55.76%. There were positive correlations between age and work experience with both knowledge and attitude scores. CONCLUSION These findings suggest a gap between HCWs' knowledge/attitude and practice regarding IM. Targeted interventions emphasizing practical skills are needed. Considering demographics and regional variations is crucial when developing training programs for enhanced infodemic preparedness across the Iranian healthcare system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fatemeh Zarei
- Faculty of Medical Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University (TMU), Tehran, Iran.
- Jalal AleAhmad Nasr Faculty of Medical Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University (TMU), P.O.Box: 14115-111, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Arezoo Dehghani
- Health in Disasters and Emergencies Research Center, Institute for Futures Studies in Health, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
- Safety Promotion and Injury Prevention Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Farshid Rezaei
- Health Education and Health Promotion Bureau, Ministry of Health and Medical Education, Tehran, Iran
| | - Afrouzeh Kazemi
- Health Education and Health Promotion Bureau, Ministry of Health and Medical Education, Tehran, Iran
| | - Gholamreza Masoumi
- Emergency Medicine Management Research Center, Health Management Research Institute, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
- Emergency Management Research Center, Health Management Research Institute, Faculty of Management and Information, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Shahid Yasmi St., Valiasr St, P.O.Box::1996713883, Tehran, Iran.
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Artemchuk O, Evlampidou I. Knowledge, attitudes and practices survey towards pneumococcal infection and vaccination among primary health care physicians, Ukraine, 2021. PLoS One 2024; 19:e0304346. [PMID: 38843200 PMCID: PMC11156333 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0304346] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2021] [Accepted: 03/27/2024] [Indexed: 06/09/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The Ukrainian Ministerial Order (UMO) recommends pneumococcal vaccine (PCV) in risk groups but not free-of-charge resulting in coverage <5% (crude estimation). In 2022, the vaccination calendar will include PCV for children <5years. Doctors' pneumococcal knowledge, attitudes and practices (КAP) are paramount to successful roll-out but unexplored. We surveyed doctors aiming to assess their KAP to address gaps and misconceptions and support PCV implementation. METHODS In March 2021, we selected and surveyed primary care doctors using simple random sampling and structured self-administered online questionnaire. We measured attitudes (importance, effectiveness, safety) and practices using 5-point Likert-type questions. We defined pneumococcal disease (PD) knowledge as low/moderate (<80%) and high (≥80%), PCV and overall knowledge as low (≤50%) and moderate/high (51-100%) and PCV attitudes and practices as negative/neutral (1.0-3.4) and positive (3.5-5.0). We calculated prevalence ratios (PRs) and 95% confidence intervals (95%CI) using Poisson regression. RESULTS The response rate was 46% (286/628). Females represented 85% (243/285); the median age was 47 (interquartile range: 33-59, N = 281) years. Twenty-six percent (72/277) had high PD knowledge associated with age (>47 years: PR = 0.52, 95%CI: 0.30-0.90) and child-related UMO awareness (PR = 1.78, 95%CI: 1.04-3.08); 65% (182/278) had moderate/high PCV knowledge associated with positive attitudes towards PCV effectiveness (PR = 2.08, 95%CI: 1.20-3.59). Overall knowledge was moderate/high in 69% (188/271); 83% (220/265) had positive PCV attitudes; 52% (135/258) had positive practices associated with female sex (PR = 2.11, 95%CI: 1.09-4.09), positive attitudes (PR = 3.40, 95%CI: 1.23-9.39) and perception of vaccine supply as medium/big barrier (PR = 1.66, 95%CI: 1.02-2.72). CONCLUSION We observed moderate pneumococcal knowledge, especially in older doctors, positive PCV attitudes and neutral practices. Females and doctors with positive attitudes recommended PCV more. For successful PCV implementation, we recommend proper planning and prior educational activities targeting patients and primary care doctors, especially older males, to improve knowledge, introduce PCV and address concerns while ensuring uninterrupted vaccine supply.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oksana Artemchuk
- Public Health Centre of Ministry of Health of Ukraine, Kyiv, Ukraine
- Mediterranean and Black Sea Field Epidemiology Training Programme (MediPIET), Madrid, Spain
| | - Iro Evlampidou
- Mediterranean and Black Sea Field Epidemiology Training Programme (MediPIET), Madrid, Spain
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Pradipta IS, Khairunnisa K, Bahar MA, Kausar MN, Fitriana E, Ruslami R, Aarnoutse RE, Halimah E. Characteristics, knowledge, attitude, and practice of pharmacy personnel in supporting tuberculosis treatment: A multicenter cross-sectional study in a high-burden tuberculosis country. J Am Pharm Assoc (2003) 2024; 64:102077. [PMID: 38537778 DOI: 10.1016/j.japh.2024.102077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2023] [Revised: 01/15/2024] [Accepted: 03/21/2024] [Indexed: 06/09/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Positive roles of community pharmacy in tuberculosis (TB) care have been widely reported. However, the actual practice of supporting TB treatment is not optimal yet. OBJECTIVES We analyzed the current practice of community pharmacy personnel and its factors in supporting the successful treatment of TB patients in Indonesia, aiming to develop strategies for effective and sustainable TB practice models for the community pharmacy. METHODS We performed a cross-sectional survey in 3 areas representing Indonesia's eastern, central, and western parts. Development and validation of the questionnaire were conducted to assess 4 domains, that is, characteristics, knowledge, attitudes, and practice of community pharmacy personnel in supporting the successful treatment of TB patients. Data were collected with purposive convenience sampling using online and offline questionnaires. Descriptive analyses were used to summarize factors in each domain, while binary logistic regression was used to analyze the associated factors of the practice. RESULTS Thirty-five questionnaire items indicated a valid instrument, and the study successfully included 844 participants who comprised pharmacists (n = 473, 56%) and pharmacy assistants (n = 371, 44%). Although most of the knowledge items were correctly answered by more than 60% of the participants, items related to TB signs, risk groups, drug regimens, and medicine uses were still less than 60%. This was in line with exposure to updated TB training in only 51% of the participants (n = 426). Most of the participants had a positive attitude toward their professional role (n = 736, 87%), capability (n = 646, 77%), and consequences (n = 655, 78%) in supporting TB treatment. However, this was not aligned with the actual practice of supporting TB treatment, intensively performed by only 1.3% of participants (n = 11). We identified several factors associated with the practice, that is, a pharmacy assistant background (P < 0.05), short working time (P < 0.05), experience in TB training (P < 0.001), and a positive attitude (P < 0.001). CONCLUSION This study highlighted a limited number of community pharmacy personnel intensively practicing as TB treatment supporters in Indonesia. An interventional package considering the identified factors is needed to develop effective and sustainable practices in the real world.
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Zhang Y, Wu J, Hui X, Zhang P, Xue F. Knowledge, attitude, and practice toward tuberculosis prevention and management among household contacts in Suzhou Hospital, Jiangsu province, China. Front Public Health 2024; 12:1249971. [PMID: 38532970 PMCID: PMC10963489 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2024.1249971] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2023] [Accepted: 02/26/2024] [Indexed: 03/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Background China is among the 10 high-burden tuberculosis (TB) countries in the world; thus, investigation and management of household contacts is an essential part of TB prevention strategy. Objective To explore the knowledge, attitude, and practice (KAP) toward TB prevention and management among household contacts of TB patients. Methods This cross-sectional study enrolled household contacts in Suzhou Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine between September 2022 and January 2023; KAP and demographic characteristics were assessed with the self-designed questionnaire and analyzed by multivariate logistic regression. Results A total of 503 participants were included; of them, 280 (55.78%) were female, and 303, (60.36%) aged ≥45 years. The KAP scores were 6.24 ± 2.20 (possible range: 0-12), 18.69 ± 2.80 (possible range: 0-36), and 20.37 ± 5.15 (possible range: 0-36), respectively. Suburban (OR = 0.18, 95% CI: 0.04-0.79, p = 0.023) and rural (OR = 0.12, 95% CI: 0.03-0.57, p = 0.008) were independently associated with knowledge. Positive attitude (OR = 7.03, 95% CI: 2.92-16.96, p < 0.001), education (high school or technical secondary school, OR = 4.91, 95% CI: 1.63-14.73, p = 0.005; college and above, OR = 14.94, 95% CI: 3.51-63.58, p < 0.001), and shorter disease duration (3-6 months, OR = 0.40, 95% CI: 0.18-0.90, p = 0.026) were independently associated with better practice scores. Conclusion Household contacts of TB patients demonstrated insufficient knowledge, unfavorable attitude, and suboptimal practice toward TB prevention and management. Tailored interventions are needed to ensure information accessibility, especially for individuals living in suburban and rural areas.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Jingwen Wu
- Department of Infectious Disease, Suzhou Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Suzhou, China
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Shihora J, Damor NC, Parmar A, Pankaj N, Murugan Y. Knowledge, Attitudes, and Preventive Practices Regarding Tuberculosis Among Healthcare Workers and Patients in India: A Mixed-Method Study. Cureus 2024; 16:e56368. [PMID: 38633958 PMCID: PMC11022008 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.56368] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/18/2024] [Indexed: 04/19/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Tuberculosis (TB) remains a major public health challenge in India. Healthcare workers (HCWs) and TB patients are critical to disease transmission and prevention. This study evaluated and compared knowledge, attitudes, and practices related to TB infection control. MATERIALS AND METHODS This was a mixed-method study that included a cross-sectional survey conducted among 167 HCWs and 346 patients with TB at tertiary hospitals in western Gujarat using a validated questionnaire. Additionally, 20 HCWs and 20 patients were interviewed to gain qualitative insights. Between-group analyses were performed, and multivariate regressions identified predictors of knowledge and compliance, while thematic analysis explored qualitative insights. RESULTS A total of 142/167 (85.0%) HCWs had good knowledge, whereas 208/346 (60.1%) patients had good knowledge. A total of 151/167 (90.4%) HCWs had positive attitudes, whereas 242/346 (69.9%) patients had positive attitudes. A total of 159/167 (95.2%) HCWs practiced good preventive behaviors, whereas 225/346 (65.0%) patients did. HCWs demonstrated significantly higher mean knowledge scores (9.2 vs. 7.1, p<0.001) and higher median attitude scores (ranging from 5 with IQR 4-5 to 5 with IQR 5-5) compared to patients (ranging from 4 with IQR 3-5 to 5 with IQR 4-5) across all attitude statements assessed using the Likert scale (p<0.001). Being an HCW was associated with good knowledge (adjusted odds ratio (AOR) 2.5, 95% CI 1.5-4.1), positive attitudes (AOR 2.2, 95% CI 1.4-3.6), and good practices (AOR 3.1, 95% CI 1.8-5.2). The qualitative themes highlighted the need for accessible education, clear communication, adequate resourcing, and personal responsibility. CONCLUSION This study identified gaps in TB prevention knowledge and practices among patients compared to those among HCWs in India. Tailored educational initiatives, optimized health communication, improved infrastructure, and accessible messaging can help individuals assimilate appropriate infection control behaviors among healthcare system actors and communities toward ending TB.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeel Shihora
- Preventive Medicine, Shri M. P. Shah Medical College, Jamnagar, IND
| | - Naresh C Damor
- Community Medicine, Shri M. P. Shah Medical College, Jamnagar, IND
| | - Alpesh Parmar
- Public Health, Shri M. P. Shah Medical College, Jamnagar, IND
| | - Nikhil Pankaj
- Pulmonary Medicine, Shri M. P. Shah Medical College, Jamnagar, IND
| | - Yogesh Murugan
- Family Medicine, Guru Gobind Singh Government Hospital, Jamnagar, IND
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Mwesiga L, Mwita S, Bintabara D, Basinda N. Knowledge and Practices toward Tuberculosis Case Identification among Accredited Drug Dispensing Outlets Dispensers in Magu District, Northwestern Tanzania. Healthcare (Basel) 2024; 12:168. [PMID: 38255057 PMCID: PMC10815611 DOI: 10.3390/healthcare12020168] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2023] [Revised: 12/14/2023] [Accepted: 01/01/2024] [Indexed: 01/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Accredited Drug Dispensing Outlets dispensers (ADDO dispensers) have a crucial role in detecting and referring TB suspects. However, several studies highlight low knowledge of TB among ADDO dispensers. To facilitate this, the National TB and Leprosy Control Program trained ADDO dispensers on case identification and referral. Hence, this was a community-based cross-sectional study to determine the knowledge and practice of ADDO dispensers in the detection of active tuberculosis suspects in Magu Districts, Mwanza, Tanzania. This was a cross-sectional study that included 133 systematically selected ADDO dispensers. Out of 133 ADDO dispensers, 88 (66.9%) had attended TB training. About 108 (81%) participants had good knowledge of TB. The majority of ADDO dispensers 104 (78.4%) had poor practice toward the identification of TB cases. Attending training (AOR 4.49, CI 1.03-19.47), longer working experience (AOR 4.64, CI 1.99-10.81), and the presence of national TB guidelines (AOR 3.85, CI 1.11-13.34) was significantly associated with good self-reported TB case identification practices. Therefore, the study revealed adequate knowledge but with poor practice. Provisions to train ADDO dispensers in tuberculosis case detection and referral could yield great results.
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Affiliation(s)
- Levina Mwesiga
- Department of Health, Christian Social Services Commission (CSSC), Mwanza P.O. Box 905, Tanzania;
| | - Stanley Mwita
- School of Pharmacy, Catholic University of Health and Allied Sciences, Mwanza P.O. Box 1464, Tanzania;
| | - Deogratius Bintabara
- Department of Community Medicine, University of Dodoma, Dodoma P.O. Box 582, Tanzania;
| | - Namanya Basinda
- Department of Community Medicine, School of Public Health, Catholic University of Health and Allied Sciences, Mwanza P.O. Box 1464, Tanzania
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Shah H, Patel J, Rai S, Sinha A, Saxena D, Panchal S. Bridging the Gap: A Strategic Approach to Upscale Knowledge Among Diverse Healthcare Providers for Effective Tuberculosis Management in Gujarat, India. Cureus 2024; 16:e53255. [PMID: 38435933 PMCID: PMC10904687 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.53255] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/29/2024] [Indexed: 03/05/2024] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Tuberculosis (TB) remains a global health challenge, particularly in low- and middle-income countries. Knowledge gaps among healthcare providers (HCPs) significantly impact TB management, hindering timely care-seeking and effective interventions. OBJECTIVE The primary objective was to assess knowledge gaps among 3086 HCPs engaged in the National Tuberculosis Elimination Program (NTEP) implementation in Gujarat, India. The study provided a platform to develop and implement cadre-specific training modules to address identified knowledge deficiencies and enhance TB management. METHODOLOGY The study was conducted in two phases. Phase one was designed as a cross-sectional assessment to identify the knowledge gaps. Phase two involved the development of cadre-specific training modules based on identified deficiencies in the knowledge, crafted with collaboration from an expert panel. The training impact will be evaluated after completion of the training of all cadres through a comprehensive assessment. RESULTS Out of 3086 assessed HCPs, 26% scored below the passing benchmark, revealing significant knowledge gaps. The variations were observed among and within the same cadres, with the accredited social health activists (ASHAs) and community health workers showing higher proficiency while pharmacists and medical officers showed lower proficiency. The cadre-specific training modules and training cascade were designed to address these gaps and improve TB-related knowledge and skills. CONCLUSION The study underscores the critical need for targeted interventions to address knowledge gaps among HCPs involved in TB control. The customized HCP-specific training programs are recommended to enhance knowledge, improve TB management, and contribute to national TB elimination goals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Harsh Shah
- Department of Public Health Sciences, Indian Institute of Public Health Gandhinagar, Gandhinagar, IND
| | - Jay Patel
- Department of Public Health Sciences, Indian Institute of Public Health Gandhinagar, Gandhinagar, IND
| | - Sandeep Rai
- Department of Public Health Sciences, Indian Institute of Public Health Gandhinagar, Gandhinagar, IND
| | - Anish Sinha
- Department of Public Health Sciences, Indian Institute of Public Health Gandhinagar, Gandhinagar, IND
| | - Deepak Saxena
- Department of Public Health Sciences, Indian Institute of Public Health Gandhinagar, Gandhinagar, IND
| | - Shikha Panchal
- Department of Health and Family Welfare, Government of Gujarat, Gandhinagar, IND
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Soares AS, Nogueira LMV, de Andrade EGR, de Andrade ÉFR, Rodrigues ILA. Educational technology on tuberculosis: construction shared with Primary Health Care nurses. Rev Bras Enferm 2023; 76Suppl 4:e20230025. [PMID: 37971055 PMCID: PMC10642016 DOI: 10.1590/0034-7167-2023-0025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2023] [Accepted: 04/27/2023] [Indexed: 11/19/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE to develop, in a participatory way, an educational technology to assist nurses in the management of tuberculosis cases in Primary Health Care. METHODS methodological research with a qualitative approach. Data were collected between June and October 2022, in 25 Basic Health Units, with 41 nurses interviewed individually. Thematic content analysis was carried out to guide technology elaboration. RESULTS three empirical categories were organized, demonstrating the facilities and difficulties in tuberculosis management, the conceptions about educational technology as a facilitator of the teaching-learning process in Primary Health Care and participatory development of technology. Nurses were in favor of constructing an instructional guide technology, and made suggestions to encourage its creation and use in daily service routine. FINAL CONSIDERATIONS the participatory process made it possible to create technology to assist nurses in the teaching-learning process in Primary Health Care about caring for people with tuberculosis.
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Wong YJ, Ng KY, Lee SWH. How can we improve latent tuberculosis infection management using behaviour change wheel: a systematic review. J Public Health (Oxf) 2023; 45:e447-e466. [PMID: 37147919 PMCID: PMC10470485 DOI: 10.1093/pubmed/fdad051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2022] [Revised: 01/08/2023] [Accepted: 04/05/2023] [Indexed: 05/07/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND To ensure the effective delivery of latent tuberculosis infection (LTBI) care, it is vital to overcome potential challenges in LTBI management. This systematic review aims to identify the barriers and interventions to improve LTBI management using the Capability, Opportunity, and Motivation-Behaviour (COM-B) model and Behaviour Change Wheel (BCW). METHODS A systematic literature search was performed on five electronic databases from database inception to 3 November 2021. A two-step technique was used in the data synthesis process: (i) the barriers of LTBI management were identified using the COM-B model, followed by (ii) mapping of intervention functions from BCW to address the identified barriers. RESULTS Forty-seven eligible articles were included in this review. The findings highlighted the need for a multifaceted approach in tackling the barriers in LTBI management across the public, provider and system levels. The barriers were summarized into suboptimal knowledge and misperception of LTBI, as well as stigma and psychosocial burden, which could be overcome with a combination of intervention functions, targeting education, environment restructuring, persuasion, modelling, training, incentivization and enablement. CONCLUSIONS The remedial strategies using BCW to facilitate policy reforms in LTBI management could serve as a value-added initiative in the global tuberculosis control and prevention program.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yen Jun Wong
- School of Pharmacy, Monash University Malaysia, Jalan Lagoon Selatan, 47500 Subang Jaya, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Khuen Yen Ng
- School of Pharmacy, Monash University Malaysia, Jalan Lagoon Selatan, 47500 Subang Jaya, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Shaun Wen Huey Lee
- School of Pharmacy, Monash University Malaysia, Jalan Lagoon Selatan, 47500 Subang Jaya, Selangor, Malaysia
- School of Pharmacy, Taylor’s University Lakeside Campus, Jalan Taylors, 47500 Subang Jaya, Selangor, Malaysia
- Center of Global Health, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
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Elgazzar SE, Elkashif MML, Elbqry MG, Elmansy FM. Improving Nurses' Knowledge, Practice, and Self-Efficacy Regarding Caring Patients with Tuberculosis: A Quasi-Experimental Design. IRANIAN JOURNAL OF NURSING AND MIDWIFERY RESEARCH 2023; 28:235-243. [PMID: 37575494 PMCID: PMC10412790 DOI: 10.4103/ijnmr.ijnmr_316_21] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/25/2021] [Revised: 01/25/2023] [Accepted: 02/23/2023] [Indexed: 08/15/2023]
Abstract
Background Tuberculosis (TB) control depends on healthcare professionals 'knowledge, practice, and self-efficacy when managing high-risk groups. So the study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of a structured educational program in improving nurses' knowledge, practice, and self-efficacy in caring for patients with TB. Material and Methods A pre-test post-test quasi-experimental design was conducted on 36 nurses at Chest hospital Al Masah al Bahri in port said city and the Chest Hospital in Damietta City, Egypt. Data were collected using three self-administered questionnaires to assess knowledge, practice, and self-efficacy by using convenience sampling from March to August 2019. Data analyses were done by using a paired t-test, a Student t-test, and an F-test analysis of variance. Results Based on data related to the two groups before and after the study in knowledge, practice (t = 8.27, p < 0.001), and self-efficacy (t = 28.91, p < 0.001), there was a significant difference between knowledge and overall knowledge scores (t=14, p < 0.001). Mean scores were significantly increased for practice items about the nursing role in medication, directed observed therapy, and the overall practice score; and for self-efficacy, which increased from 27.58 to 37.86 (p = <0.001). The results indicate that nurses' knowledge, practice, and self-efficacy were enhanced by the implementation of the educational program. Conclusions There is scope for development in knowledge, practice, and self-efficacy using the educational program among nurses. Training programs must be implemented in quality control to aid nurses in realizing the significance of information in reducing disease and death and enhancing the quality of care.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samia Eaid Elgazzar
- Medical-Surgical Nursing Department, Faculty of Nursing, Port Said University, Egypt
- Department of Medical-Surgical Nursing, College of Nursing, Qassim University, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mirfat Mohamed Labib Elkashif
- Department of Nursing Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences in Wadi Alddawasir, Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, 18616, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohamed Goda Elbqry
- Department of Medical-Surgical Nursing, College of Nursing, Qassim University, Saudi Arabia
- Medical Surgical Nursing Department, Faculty of Nursing, Suez Canal University, Ismailia, Egypt
| | - Fatma Mohamed Elmansy
- Department of Medical-Surgical Nursing, College of Nursing, Qassim University, Saudi Arabia
- Medical Surgical Nursing Department, Faculty of Nursing, Suez Canal University, Ismailia, Egypt
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12
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Chen B, Fu Y, Wang Z, Rong Q, Zhang Q, Xie J, Kong X, Jiang M. Eosinophilia attention, diagnosis, treatment, and awareness in physicians: a cross-sectional survey. Ther Adv Chronic Dis 2023; 14:20406223221146938. [PMID: 36712467 PMCID: PMC9880572 DOI: 10.1177/20406223221146938] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2022] [Accepted: 12/05/2022] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Patients with incidental eosinophilia is becoming increasingly common in clinical practice. But it remains challenging to diagnose and treat owing to its complex etiology. The awareness of physicians and the strategies of diagnosis and treatment toward eosinophilia are still unclear. Objective We aimed to evaluate attention, diagnosis, treatment, and awareness of eosinophilia among physicians, as well as factors influencing clinical practice, and to find ways to improve the efficacy of this disease. Design This is a cross-sectional survey. Methods A cross-sectional study was conducted from 1 to 4 June 2021 in a tertiary hospital. Self-administered and validated electronic questionnaire was used to investigate the attention toward eosinophilia, the strategies of diagnosis and treatment, and the awareness in physicians. Results A total of 607 valid questionnaires were collected, with a response rate of 84.5%. Among the responders, 65.4% of physicians claimed to be familiar with patients with eosinophilia but only 11.0% of them had read the relevant guidelines or expert consensus. Among 207 physicians who had ever diagnosed patients with eosinophilia, only 19.4% had performed detailed examinations. The accuracy of awareness questions was 1.6-53.5%, and only 26.5% of physicians had high levels of awareness. An increase in the awareness level of up to 2.82 folds was seen among physicians with factors such as job title, encountering patients with eosinophilia, linking patients' conditions to peripheral blood eosinophil count, and paying attention to guidelines. Conclusion This study highlighted the importance of raising awareness and knowledge of eosinophilia among physicians in China. More works on education about eosinophilia guideline are needed, which may help physicians make decision with more benefits to patients.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Qiuping Rong
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care
Medicine, Yangjiang People’s Hospital, Yangjiang, China
| | - Qingling Zhang
- Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Guangzhou
Institute of Respiratory Health, National Clinical Research Center for
Respiratory Disease, National Center for Respiratory Medicine, State Key
Laboratory of Respiratory Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital of
Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jiaxing Xie
- Department of Allergy and Clinical Immunology,
National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, State Key
Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory
Health, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, 151
Yanjiang Road, Guangzhou 510120, China. Department of Respiratory and
Critical Care Medicine, Yangjiang People’s Hospital, Yangjiang, China
| | | | - Mei Jiang
- National Clinical Research Center for
Respiratory Disease, State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, Guangzhou
Institute of Respiratory Health, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou
Medical University, 151 Yanjiang Road, Guangzhou, China
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13
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Knowledge, Attitude, and Practice on Pediatric Tuberculosis Management among Healthcare Workers in the Centre Region of Cameroon: A Cross-Sectional Study. J Trop Med 2022; 2022:4482131. [PMID: 36569997 PMCID: PMC9780008 DOI: 10.1155/2022/4482131] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2022] [Revised: 11/19/2022] [Accepted: 12/03/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Background This study was designed to assess the level of knowledge, attitude, and practice (KAP) of healthcare workers (HCWs) on pediatric TB management and its associated factors in the Centre Region of Cameroon. Methods A cross-sectional study was conducted between January and March 2022. HCWs, selected through a multistage sampling technique in 21 health facilities, were interviewed using a KAP questionnaire on pediatric TB management. Logistic regression analyses were used to test associations between HCWs' characteristics and knowledge, attitudes, and practice levels at a 0.05 level of significance. Results The median age of the participants was 35 years (IQR = 30-42), and the majority (73.2%) were females. About half (50.9%) of the participants (173/340) had good knowledge, 55.6% (189/340) had a good attitude, and 57.1% (194/340) had good practice scores on pediatric TB management. Having a bachelor's degree and above, working in the TB unit, and having received training on pediatric TB in the last five years were significantly associated with good knowledge of pediatric TB management. Similarly, having a bachelor's degree or higher and more than five years of experience providing TB services were significantly associated with a good attitude towards pediatric TB management. Being a general practitioner, nurse, and lab technician was significantly associated with good practice in pediatric TB management. Conclusion The level of knowledge, attitude, and practice on pediatric TB management among HCWs was suboptimal, as substantial gaps were identified. The Ministry of Health and other international organizations need to prioritize training, coaching, and mentoring support to help HCWs improve their knowledge, attitude, and practice to detect, diagnose, and treat pediatric TB.
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14
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Attitudes of Healthcare Workers about Prevention and Control of Nosocomial Multidrug-Resistant Tuberculosis Infection in Two Top-Ranked Tuberculosis Specialized Public Hospitals of Ethiopia. THE CANADIAN JOURNAL OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES & MEDICAL MICROBIOLOGY = JOURNAL CANADIEN DES MALADIES INFECTIEUSES ET DE LA MICROBIOLOGIE MEDICALE 2022; 2022:5266347. [PMID: 36570677 PMCID: PMC9771643 DOI: 10.1155/2022/5266347] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2022] [Revised: 11/23/2022] [Accepted: 12/01/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Background Tuberculosis (TB) exists as a human curse since antiquity. Around 9.5 million cases and 1.5 million deaths were reported due to TB in 2021. Ethiopia is one of the high-burdenmultidrug-resistant (MDR) TB countries. MDR-TB is acquired either by poor adherence to treatment or by primary infection with a drug-resistant strain, which has a high transmission rate from patients to healthcare workers (HCWs). Hospital outbreaks of MDR-TB are common in Africa. Hence, this study aimed to score the attitude of HCWs working in the two nationally top-rankedTB-specialized hospitals in Ethiopia, Saint Peter's and ALERT TB-specialized public hospitals about the infection prevention and control (IPC) of nosocomial MDR-TB. Methods A cross-sectional study was conducted from December 1, 2020, to March 31, 2021. A simple random sampling method was applied to select 384 HCWs. The data collection tool was a self-administered interview structured questionnaire. The data were analyzed using SPSS software. Descriptive statistics were applied to score attitude. Bivariate and multivariable logistic regression models were performed to identify the independent determinants of attitude. The odds ratio was used to test the degree of association between variables at a 95% confidence interval (CI). The level of statistical significance was fixed at p value < 0.05. Results Among the respondents, 87% of the HCWs held favourable attitudes about the nosocomial MDR-TB-IPC. The favourable attitude score had a significant association with the monthly salary earned between 7001 and 9000 ETB (Ethiopian Birr) (AOR = 3.34, 95% CI: 1.11, 10.05) and the previous training obtained on TB/MDR-TB (AOR = 2.96, 95% CI: 1.32, 6.62). Conclusions Almost one in seven HCWs has an unfavourable attitude. Prior training received and earning monthly income above 7000 ETB are independent determinants of a favourable attitude score. Refreshment training and a reasonable increment in monthly income should be strengthened in TB-specialized hospitals in Ethiopia.
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15
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Abu-Humaidan AHA, Tarazi A, Hamadneh Y, Al-leimon A, Al-leimon O, Aljahalin M, Ahmad F, Awajan D, Alaridah N. Knowledge, attitudes, and practices toward tuberculosis among Jordanian university students. Front Public Health 2022; 10:1055037. [PMID: 36478722 PMCID: PMC9719926 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2022.1055037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2022] [Accepted: 11/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Tuberculosis (TB) is one of the leading causes of death from infectious diseases worldwide with numerous undiagnosed and untreated cases, emphasizing the need for TB awareness to minimize transmission and initiate early treatment. Data regarding the knowledge, attitudes, and practices (KAP) toward TB among Jordanians is lacking but requires attention given the massive migration spells to Jordan from neighboring countries in the past decade. Methods A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted from May to June 2022. An online questionnaire was developed following World Health Organization (WHO) recommendations for TB KAP surveys and was distributed to Jordanian university students. The questionnaire documented sociodemographic data and measured participants' KAP toward TB. Descriptive and analytic statistics were used to report KAP levels and highlight relevant sociodemographic factors associated with better KAP. Results 602 participants completed the survey; most were females (60.8%), in their first 3 years of school (84.4%), and from a healthcare field of study (57.0%). The knowledge section median score was 27 out of 51. Knowledge gaps in TB treatment, and to a lesser extent, TB transmission routes were identified. The attitudes section median score was 6 out of 9, attitudes were generally positive toward TB patients with no indication of a social stigma. The practice section median score was 6 out of 8, most participants would take the correct measures if they suspected being infected, yet around 41.0% were not confident that masks are important in preventing airborne diseases. Students in healthcare specialties had significantly better KAP scores and identifying as a smoker was associated with a lower practice score. Conclusion Although university students displayed satisfactory KAP scores, the focus should be aimed at informing students from non-healthcare fields on TB transmission routes, treatment options, and the role of masks in preventing disease transmission.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anas H. A. Abu-Humaidan
- Department of Pathology, Microbiology and Forensic Medicine, School of Medicine, The University of Jordan, Amman, Jordan,*Correspondence: Anas H. A. Abu-Humaidan
| | - Alaa Tarazi
- School of Medicine, The University of Jordan, Amman, Jordan
| | - Yazan Hamadneh
- School of Medicine, The University of Jordan, Amman, Jordan
| | | | | | | | - Fatima Ahmad
- Department of Pathology, Microbiology and Forensic Medicine, School of Medicine, The University of Jordan, Amman, Jordan
| | - Dima Awajan
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy and Therapeutics, Applied Science Private University, Amman, Jordan
| | - Nader Alaridah
- Department of Pathology, Microbiology and Forensic Medicine, School of Medicine, The University of Jordan, Amman, Jordan
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16
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Almalki ME, Almuqati FS, Alasmari R, Enani MJ, Bahwirith AA, Alloqmani AA, Alqurashi A, Hassan-Hussein A. A Cross-Sectional Study of Tuberculosis Knowledge, Attitude, and Practice Among the General Population in the Western Region of Saudi Arabia. Cureus 2022; 14:e29987. [PMID: 36381904 PMCID: PMC9642831 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.29987] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/06/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Religious gatherings like the Hajj, an Islamic pilgrimage, attract millions of people to one place during the same time frame. Due to crowding, infectious diseases, specifically tuberculosis (TB), are very common during such events. This study investigates the knowledge, attitudes, and practices of the public in the western region of Saudi Arabia related to TB to better understand the situation. Methodology An observational, questionnaire-based, cross-sectional study was conducted over two months between January and March 2022. A survey of 29 questions was used to collect data from the general population. The study included any person who was a resident of Makkah. Individuals under 18 years of age and health workers were excluded. We used OpenEpi, version 3.0, for sample size calculation, which gave a result of 604 participants, and SPSS version 25.0 (IBM Corp., Armonk, NY, USA) was used for data analysis. Results A total of 604 participants were included in this study; 64.7% of respondents showed poor overall knowledge, and 14.1% had good knowledge of TB. Concerning attitude, 89.9% of the respondents showed poor attitude, and only 2.3% had a good attitude. As for practice, 59.4% of respondents had poor knowledge of proper practices, and only 10.4% knew the right practices regarding TB. Upon further analysis of our results, women exhibited better knowledge of TB than men (0.62, 95% confidence interval (CI), 0.44-0.87). Participants over 50 years old had the lowest knowledge about TB compared with participants aged 18 to 28 years old (7.61, 95% CI, 4.35-13.32). Non-Saudi residents had less knowledge compared with Saudi residents (45.849, 95% CI, 18.475-113.78). Level of education also played a substantial role; university graduates had the most knowledge about TB compared with participants with below university or no formal education (0.052, 95% CI, 0.01-0.40). Conclusions Participants with lower educational backgrounds were the most lacking in knowledge, attitude, and practice regarding TB. This lack of knowledge was more common among non-Saudi men over 50 years old. Information campaigns are needed to help reduce the prevalence of TB.
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Ohiengbomwan OT, Komolafe IO, Alayande S, Njor BE, Onisile DF, Oguzie J. Cross-sectional community-based assessment of knowledge, attitude and practices on tuberculosis in Osun State, South-west, Nigeria. HEALTH & SOCIAL CARE IN THE COMMUNITY 2022; 30:e3171-e3183. [PMID: 35191566 DOI: 10.1111/hsc.13762] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2021] [Revised: 12/30/2021] [Accepted: 02/09/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Tuberculosis (TB) has continued to be a global public health issue, especially in developing countries, where Nigeria accounts for 4% of the global TB burden. However, to achieve the Sustainable Development Goals targets for 2030, there is a need for adequate and robust awareness campaigns to ensure that individuals in the communities are aware of the total TB program package. This study assessed the knowledge, attitudes and practices (KAP) towards TB of the residents of two communities affected by the TB scourge in Osun State, Nigeria. An interviewer-administered, semi-structured questionnaire adapted from the WHO-KAP study guide was employed, and the data generated were analysed using the SPSS statistical package. A total of 280 respondents participated in the study comprising 162 (57.9%) males and 118 (42.1%) females, a large percentage of the respondents (273/97.5%) know about TB and know that anybody can be infected (63.6%). However, in this study, we obtained the following KAP scores: overall good knowledge of TB: 60% (Iwo- 54.7% and Ikire-65.2%), overall good attitude towards TB: 50% (Iwo- 53.3% and Ikire- 46.7%) and overall good TB preventive practices 65.2% (Iwo- 66.6% and Ikire- 63.8%). Ikire respondents were significantly more knowledgeable than Iwo respondents (p = .002), while Iwo respondents had better TB attitudes than Ikire respondents (p = .03). Predictors of good KAP scores were accommodation type, education, age and main source of income of respondents. This study assessed the level of community TB-KAP and reinforced the need for a more robust awareness campaign for better TB health service utilisation.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Isaac O Komolafe
- Department of Biological Sciences, Redeemer's University, Ede, Nigeria
| | - Semiu Alayande
- Department of Mathematical Sciences, Redeemer's University, Ede, Nigeria
| | - Bernard E Njor
- Department of Mathematical Sciences, Redeemer's University, Ede, Nigeria
| | | | - Judith Oguzie
- Department of Biological Sciences, Redeemer's University, Ede, Nigeria
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Adepoju VA, Oladimeji KE, Adejumo OA, Adepoju OE, Adelekan A, Oladimeji O. Knowledge of International Standards for Tuberculosis Care among Private Non-NTP Providers in Lagos, Nigeria: A Cross-Sectional Study. Trop Med Infect Dis 2022; 7:tropicalmed7080192. [PMID: 36006284 PMCID: PMC9414366 DOI: 10.3390/tropicalmed7080192] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2022] [Revised: 08/05/2022] [Accepted: 08/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Studies specifically evaluating tuberculosis knowledge among private non-NTP providers using the International Standards for Tuberculosis Care (ISTC) framework are scarce. We evaluated the knowledge of ISTC among private non-NTP providers and associated factors in urban Lagos, Nigeria. We performed a cross-sectional descriptive study using a self-administered questionnaire to assess different aspects of tuberculosis management among 152 non-NTP providers in Lagos, Nigeria. The association between the dependent variable (knowledge) and independent variables (age, sex, qualifications, training and years of experience) was determined using multivariate logistic regression. Overall, the median knowledge score was 12 (52%, SD 3.8) and achieved by 47% of the participants. The highest knowledge score was in TB/HIV standards (67%) and the lowest was in the treatment standards (44%). On multivariate analysis, being female (OR 0.3, CI: 0.1−0.6, p < 0.0001) and being a nurse (OR 0.2, CI: 0.1−0.4, p < 0.0001) reduced the odds of having good TB knowledge score, while having previously managed ≥100 TB patients (OR 2.8, CI: 1.1−7.2, p = 0.028) increased the odds of having good TB knowledge. Gaps in the knowledge of ISTC among private non-NTP providers may result in substandard TB patient care. Specifically, gaps in knowledge of standard TB regimen combinations and Xpert MTB/RIF testing stood out. The present study provides evidence for tailored mentorship and TB education among nurses and female private non-NTP providers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Victor Abiola Adepoju
- Department of HIV and Infectious Diseases, Jhpiego (An Affiliate of John Hopkins University), Abuja 900108, Nigeria
| | - Kelechi Elizabeth Oladimeji
- Department of Public Health, Faculty of Health Sciences, Walter Sisulu University, Mthatha 5099, South Africa
| | | | | | | | - Olanrewaju Oladimeji
- Department of Public Health, Faculty of Health Sciences, Walter Sisulu University, Mthatha 5099, South Africa
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Pradipta IS, Khairunnisa K, Bahar MA, Kausar MN, Fitriana E, Ruslami R, Aarnoutse RE, Abdulah R. Knowledge, attitude and practice of community pharmacy personnel in tuberculosis patient detection: a multicentre cross-sectional study in a high-burden tuberculosis setting. BMJ Open 2022; 12:e060078. [PMID: 35790331 PMCID: PMC9258488 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2021-060078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2021] [Accepted: 06/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Control of tuberculosis (TB) is hampered by suboptimal case detection and subsequent delays in treatment, which is worsened by the COVID-19 pandemic. The community pharmacy is reported as the place for first aid medication among patients with TB. We, therefore, analysed knowledge, attitude and practice (KAP) on TB patient detection (TBPD) of community pharmacy personnel, aiming to find innovative strategies to engage community pharmacies in TBPD. METHODS A multicentre cross-sectional study was performed in four areas of Indonesia's eastern, central and western parts. Pharmacists and pharmacy technicians who worked in community pharmacies were assessed for their characteristics and KAP related to TBPD. Descriptive analysis was used to assess participant characteristics and their KAP, while multivariable regression analyses were used to analyse factors associated with the KAP on TBPD. RESULTS A total of 1129 participants from 979 pharmacies, comprising pharmacists (56.6%) and pharmacy technicians (43.4%), were included. Most participants knew about TB. However, knowledge related to TB symptoms, populations at risk and medication for TB were still suboptimal. Most participants showed a positive attitude towards TBPD. They believed in their professional role (75.1%), capacity in TB screening (65.4%) and responsibility for TBPD (67.4%). Nevertheless, a lack of TBPD practice was identified in most participants. Several factors significantly associated with performing the TBPD practice (p<0.05), such as TB training experience (p<0.001), provision of a drug consultation service (p<0.001), male gender (p<0.05), a positive attitude towards TBPD (p<0.001), short working hours (p<0.001) and central city location of the pharmacy (p<0.05). CONCLUSIONS Most participants had good knowledge and attitude, which did not translate into actual TBPD practice. We identified that TB educational programmes are essential in improving the KAP. A comprehensive assessment is needed to develop effective strategies to engage the community pharmacy in TBPD activities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ivan Surya Pradipta
- Departement of Pharmacology and Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Padjadjaran, Bandung, Indonesia
- Drug Utilization and Pharmacoepidemiology Research Group, Center of Excellence in Higher Education for Pharmaceutical Care Innovation, Universitas Padjadjaran, Sumedang, Indonesia
| | | | - Muh Akbar Bahar
- Departement of Pharmacy, Universitas Hasanuddin, Makassar, Indonesia
| | - Mersa Nurain Kausar
- Departement of Pharmacology and Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Padjadjaran, Bandung, Indonesia
- Master of Clinical Pharmacy Program, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Padjadjaran, Bandung, Indonesia
| | - Efi Fitriana
- Department of General and Experimental Psychology, Faculty of Psychology, Universitas Padjadjaran, Bandung, Indonesia
| | - Rovina Ruslami
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Division of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Padjadjaran, Bandung, Indonesia
| | - Rob E Aarnoutse
- Department of Pharmacy, Radboud Institute for Health Sciences, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Rizky Abdulah
- Departement of Pharmacology and Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Padjadjaran, Bandung, Indonesia
- Drug Utilization and Pharmacoepidemiology Research Group, Center of Excellence in Higher Education for Pharmaceutical Care Innovation, Universitas Padjadjaran, Sumedang, Indonesia
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20
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An Y, Teo AKJ, Huot CY, Tieng S, Khun KE, Pheng SH, Leng C, Deng S, Song N, Nop S, Nonaka D, Yi S. Knowledge, attitude, and practices regarding childhood tuberculosis detection and management among health care providers in Cambodia: a cross-sectional study. BMC Infect Dis 2022; 22:317. [PMID: 35361143 PMCID: PMC8969333 DOI: 10.1186/s12879-022-07245-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2021] [Accepted: 03/04/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The World Health Organization (WHO) estimated that 29% of global tuberculosis (TB) and almost 47% of childhood TB cases were not reported to national TB programs in 2019. In Cambodia, most childhood TB cases were reported from health facilities supported by the Global Fund to Fight AIDS, Tuberculosis, and Malaria in 2019. This study aimed to compare the healthcare providers' knowledge, attitude, and practices (KAP) on childhood TB case detection in operational districts (ODs) with high and low childhood TB case detection in Cambodia. METHODS We conducted a cross-sectional study between November and December 2020 among healthcare providers in 10 purposively selected ODs with high childhood TB case detection and 10 ODs with low childhood TB case detection. A total of 110 healthcare providers from referral hospitals (RHs) and 220 from health centers (HCs) were interviewed. We collected information on socio-demographic characteristics, training, and KAP on childhood TB. Pearson's Chi-square or Fisher's exact and Student's t-tests were performed to explore the differences in KAP of healthcare providers from ODs with low vs. high childhood TB detection. RESULTS Of the 330 respondents, 193 were from ODs with high childhood TB case detection, and 66.67% were from HCs. A significantly higher proportion (46.11%) of respondents from ODs with high childhood TB case detection received training on childhood TB within the past two years than those from low childhood TB case detection ODs (34.31%) (p = 0.03). Key knowledge on childhood TB was not significantly different among respondents from ODs with high and low childhood TB case detection. A significantly higher proportion of respondents from ODs with high childhood TB case detection had a good attitude (98.96 vs. 97.08%, p = 0.002) and performed good practices (58.55 vs. 45.26%, p = 0.02) on contact investigation in the community than those from low childhood TB case detection ODs. CONCLUSIONS Healthcare providers from ODs with high childhood TB detection had better attitudes and practices towards childhood TB. The attitudes and practices need to be improved among healthcare providers in ODs with low case detection. Further investment in training and experience sharing on childhood TB case detection among healthcare providers is needed to improve childhood TB case detection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yom An
- Sustaining Technical and Analytical Resources (STAR Project), United States Agency for International Development, Phnom Penh, Cambodia. .,Department of Global Health, Graduate School of Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of the Ryukyus, Okinawa, Japan. .,School of Public Health, National Institute of Public Health, Phnom Penh, Cambodia.
| | - Alvin Kuo Jing Teo
- Saw Swee Hock School of Public Health, National University of Singapore and National University Health System, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Chan Yuda Huot
- National Centre for Tuberculosis and Leprosy Control, Phnom Penh, Cambodia
| | - Sivanna Tieng
- National Centre for Tuberculosis and Leprosy Control, Phnom Penh, Cambodia
| | - Kim Eam Khun
- School of Public Health, National Institute of Public Health, Phnom Penh, Cambodia.,National Centre for Tuberculosis and Leprosy Control, Phnom Penh, Cambodia
| | - Sok Heng Pheng
- National Centre for Tuberculosis and Leprosy Control, Phnom Penh, Cambodia
| | - Chhenglay Leng
- National Centre for Tuberculosis and Leprosy Control, Phnom Penh, Cambodia
| | | | - Ngak Song
- United States Agency for International Development, Phnom Penh, Cambodia
| | - Sotheara Nop
- United States Agency for International Development, Phnom Penh, Cambodia
| | - Daisuke Nonaka
- Department of Global Health, Graduate School of Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of the Ryukyus, Okinawa, Japan
| | - Siyan Yi
- School of Public Health, National Institute of Public Health, Phnom Penh, Cambodia.,Saw Swee Hock School of Public Health, National University of Singapore and National University Health System, Singapore, Singapore.,KHANA Center for Population Health Research, Phnom Penh, Cambodia.,Center for Global Health Research, Touro University California, Vallejo, CA, USA
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21
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Linhares FMP, Abreu WJCD, Melo PDOC, Mendes RCMG, Silva TAD, Gusmão TLAD, Guedes TG. Effectiveness of educational interventions in knowledge, attitude, and practice for preventing respiratory infections: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Rev Bras Enferm 2022; 75:e20210522. [PMID: 35352787 DOI: 10.1590/0034-7167-2021-0522] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2021] [Accepted: 11/25/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES to demonstrate the effectiveness of educational interventions in knowledge, attitude and practice for preventing respiratory infections in adults and older adults. METHODS this is a systematic review carried out in 11 databases. Primary studies, without language and time restrictions, of the randomized, non-randomized and before-and-after clinical trial type, were selected. The risk of bias was assessed by two independent researchers, and the methodological quality was generated by the Grading of Recommendations, Assessment, Development and Evaluation. RESULTS the intervention effectiveness was evidenced in seven studies. The results of the random effects meta-analysis show that there is a statistically significant difference between knowledge about preventing respiratory diseases, with an OR of 2.82 (95%CI 1.70 to 4.69) for the occurrence of events represented by improved knowledge. CONCLUSIONS most studies show the effectiveness of educational interventions, which was determined through the Knowledge, Attitude and Practice survey.
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Joshi B, Font H, Wobudeya E, Nanfuka M, Kobusingye A, Mwanga-Amumpaire J, Natukunda N, Turyahabwe S, Borand L, Mao TE, Dim B, Ferhi R, Moh R, Kouakou J, Aka Bony R, Breton G, Mustapha A, Matata L, Foray L, Detjen A, Verkuijl S, Sekadde M, Khosa C, Mbassa V, Taguebue JV, Kwedi Nolna S, Bonnet M, Marcy O, Orne-Gliemann J. Knowledge, attitudes and practices on childhood TB among healthcare workers. Int J Tuberc Lung Dis 2022; 26:243-251. [PMID: 35197164 PMCID: PMC9121838 DOI: 10.5588/ijtld.21.0317] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2021] [Accepted: 10/11/2021] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND: Increasing childhood TB case detection requires the deployment of diagnostic services at peripheral healthcare level. Capacity and readiness of healthcare workers (HCWs) are key to the delivery of innovative approaches.METHODS: In 2019, HCWs from five district hospitals (DHs) and 20 primary healthcare centres (PHCs) in Cambodia, Cameroon, Cote d´Ivoire, Sierra Leone and Uganda completed a self-administered knowledge-attitudes-practices (KAP) questionnaire on childhood TB. We computed knowledge and attitudes as scores and identified HCW characteristics associated with knowledge scores using linear regression.RESULT: Of 636 eligible HCWs, 497 (78%) participated. Median knowledge scores per country ranged between 7.4 and 12.1 (/18). Median attitude scores ranged between 2.8 and 3.3 (/4). Between 13.3% and 34.4% of HCWs reported diagnosing childhood with (presumptive) TB few times a week. Practising at PHC level, being female, being involved in indirect TB care, having a non-permanent position, having no previous research experience and working in Cambodia, Cameroon, Cote d´Ivoire and Sierra Leone as compared to Uganda were associated with a lower knowledge score.CONCLUSION: HCWs had overall limited knowledge, favourable attitudes and little practice of childhood TB diagnosis. Increasing HCW awareness, capacity and skills, and improving access to effective diagnosis are urgently needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- B Joshi
- Unité mixte de recherche 1219, University of Bordeaux, Institut national de la santé et de la recherche médicale (INSERM), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD) EMR 271, Bordeaux Population Health Centre, Bordeaux, France
| | - H Font
- Unité mixte de recherche 1219, University of Bordeaux, Institut national de la santé et de la recherche médicale (INSERM), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD) EMR 271, Bordeaux Population Health Centre, Bordeaux, France
| | - E Wobudeya
- Makerere University-Johns Hopkins University (MU-JHU) Research Collaboration, MU-JHU Care Limited, Kampala, Uganda
| | - M Nanfuka
- Makerere University-Johns Hopkins University (MU-JHU) Research Collaboration, MU-JHU Care Limited, Kampala, Uganda
| | - A Kobusingye
- Makerere University-Johns Hopkins University (MU-JHU) Research Collaboration, MU-JHU Care Limited, Kampala, Uganda
| | | | - N Natukunda
- Epicentre Mbarara Research Centre, Mbarara, Uganda
| | - S Turyahabwe
- National Tuberculosis and Leprosy Program, Kampala, Uganda
| | - L Borand
- Epidemiology and Public Health Unit, Institut Pasteur du Cambodge, Phnom Penh, Cambodia
| | - T E Mao
- Centre national de Lutte contre la Tuberculose et la Lèpre (CENAT), Phnom Penh, Cambodia
| | - B Dim
- Epidemiology and Public Health Unit, Institut Pasteur du Cambodge, Phnom Penh, Cambodia
| | - R Ferhi
- Epidemiology and Public Health Unit, Institut Pasteur du Cambodge, Phnom Penh, Cambodia
| | - R Moh
- Programme ANRS Coopération Côte d´Ivoire (PAC-CI) Abidjan, Côte d´Ivoire
| | - J Kouakou
- Programme National de Lutte contre la Tuberculose (PNLT), Abidjan, Côte d´Ivoire
| | - R Aka Bony
- Programme ANRS Coopération Côte d´Ivoire (PAC-CI) Abidjan, Côte d´Ivoire
| | | | - A Mustapha
- Ola During Children´s Hospital, Freetown, Sierra Leone
| | | | - L Foray
- National Leprosy and TB Control Programme, Freetown, Sierra Leone
| | - A Detjen
- Child and Community Health Unit, United Nations Children´s Fund (UNICEF), New York, NY, USA
| | - S Verkuijl
- Global Tuberculosis Programme, WHO, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - M Sekadde
- National Tuberculosis and Leprosy Program, Kampala, Uganda
| | - C Khosa
- Instituto Nacional de Saúde, Maputo, Mozambique
| | | | - J-V Taguebue
- Mother and Child Centre, Chantal Biya Foundation, Yaoundé, Cameroon
| | | | - M Bonnet
- TransVIHMI (Recherches Translationnelles sur le VIH et les Maladies Infectieuses), University of Montpellier, IRD, INSERM, Montpellier, France
| | - O Marcy
- Unité mixte de recherche 1219, University of Bordeaux, Institut national de la santé et de la recherche médicale (INSERM), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD) EMR 271, Bordeaux Population Health Centre, Bordeaux, France
| | - J Orne-Gliemann
- Unité mixte de recherche 1219, University of Bordeaux, Institut national de la santé et de la recherche médicale (INSERM), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD) EMR 271, Bordeaux Population Health Centre, Bordeaux, France
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Erawati M, Andriany M. Determinants of latent tuberculosis infection among nurses at public health centers in Indonesia. BELITUNG NURSING JOURNAL 2022; 8:28-34. [PMID: 37521074 PMCID: PMC10386802 DOI: 10.33546/bnj.1846] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2021] [Revised: 10/11/2021] [Accepted: 11/18/2021] [Indexed: 08/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Background The incidence of latent tuberculosis among healthcare workers, especially nurses, at public health centers in Indonesia has been increased. Therefore, factors related to the tuberculosis incidence need to be further investigated. Objective This study aimed to identify the determinants of latent tuberculosis infection among nurses at public health centers in Indonesia. Methods This non-experimental, cross-sectional study included 98 nurses. Data on the determinants of latent tuberculosis infection were collected using validated questionnaires, and the infection status was confirmed by Interferon Gamma Release Assay or IGRA test. Logistic regression was used for statistical analysis, with a significance level of p < 0.05. Results Health facilities for tuberculosis transmission prevention were available in all public health centers (100%). Protocols for preventing tuberculosis transmission including occupational health and safety training (OR = 13.24, 95% CI [2.29-58.55]; p = 0.001), handwashing after contact with patients or specimens (OR = 20.55, 95% CI [4.23-99.93]; p = 0.000), and wearing of medical masks (OR = 9.56, 95% CI [1.99-45.69]; p = 0.005) were found to be significant determinants of latent tuberculosis infection among nurses. Conclusion The availability of protective equipment and implementation of health protocols among nurses at public health centers are the main determinants of latent tuberculosis infection. Hence, they should be maintained by all nurses to prevent the spread of tuberculosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meira Erawati
- Department of Nursing, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Diponegoro, Indonesia
| | - Megah Andriany
- Department of Nursing, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Diponegoro, Indonesia
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Compliance of Healthcare Worker's toward Tuberculosis Preventive Measures in Workplace: A Systematic Literature Review. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2021; 18:ijerph182010864. [PMID: 34682604 PMCID: PMC8536031 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph182010864] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2021] [Revised: 09/30/2021] [Accepted: 10/13/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Despite several guidelines published by the World Health Organization (WHO) and national authorities, there is a general increase in the number of healthcare workers (HCWs) contracting tuberculosis. This review sought to evaluate the compliance of the HCWs toward tuberculosis preventive measures (TPMs) in their workplace. Both electronic databases and manual searches were conducted to retrieve articles regarding the compliance of HCWs in the workplace published from 2010 onwards. Independent reviewers extracted, reviewed, and analyzed the data using the mixed methods appraisal tool (MMAT) 2018, comprising 15 studies, 1572 HCWs, and 249 health facilities. The results showed there was low compliance toward TPMs in the workplace among HCWs and health facilities from mostly high-burden tuberculosis countries. The failure to comply with control measures against tuberculosis was mainly reported at administrative levels, followed by engineering and personnel protective control measures. In addition, low managerial support and negative attitudes of the HCWs influenced the compliance. Further studies are needed to elucidate how to improve the compliance of HCWs toward the preventive measures against tuberculosis in order to reduce the disease burden among HCWs worldwide.
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Saati AA, Khurram M, Faidah H, Haseeb A, Iriti M. A Saudi Arabian Public Health Perspective of Tuberculosis. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2021; 18:10042. [PMID: 34639342 PMCID: PMC8508237 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph181910042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2021] [Revised: 08/30/2021] [Accepted: 09/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/02/2022]
Abstract
Tuberculosis is a global health challenge due to its spreading potential. The Kingdom of Saudi Arabia (KSA) faces a challenge in the spread of tuberculosis from migrant workers, but the foremost threat is the huge number of pilgrims who travel to visit sacred sites of the Islamic world located in the holy cities of Makkah and Al Madina. Pilgrims visit throughout the year but especially in the months of Ramadan and Zul-Hijah. The rise of resistance in Mycobacterium tuberculosis is an established global phenomenon that makes such large congregations likely hotspots in the dissemination and spread of disease at a global level. Although very stringent and effective measures exist, the threat remains due to the ever-changing dynamics of this highly pathogenic disease. This overview primarily highlights the current public health challenges posed by this disease to the Saudi health system, which needs to be highlighted not only to the concerned authorities of KSA, but also to the concerned global quarters since the pilgrims and migrants come from all parts of the world with a majority coming from high tuberculosis-burdened countries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdullah A. Saati
- Department of Community Medicine & Pilgrims Healthcare, Faculty of Medicine, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah 24382, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Muhammad Khurram
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Abasyn University, Peshawar 25000, Pakistan
| | - Hani Faidah
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Umm Al Qura University, Makkah 24382, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Abdul Haseeb
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Umm Al Qura University, Makkah 24382, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Marcello Iriti
- Department of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences, Università degli Studi di Milano, 20133 Milano, Italy
- Phytochem Lab, Department of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences, Università degli Studi di Milano, 20133 Milano, Italy
- Center for Studies on Bioispired Agro-Environmental Technology (BAT Center), Università degli Studi di Napoli “Federico II”, 80055 Portici, Italy
- National Interuniversity Consortium of Materials Science and Technology (INSTM), 50121 Firenze, Italy
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Goni MD, Naing NN, Hasan H, Wan-Arfah N, Deris ZZ, Arifin WN, Baaba AA, Adam BM, Arshad MR. Effectiveness of a Novel Smartphone Health Education Intervention in Enhancing Knowledge, Attitudes, and Practices for the Prevention of Respiratory Tract Infections Among Private Hajj Pilgrims From Malaysia. Front Public Health 2021; 9:594204. [PMID: 34277530 PMCID: PMC8280351 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2021.594204] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2020] [Accepted: 06/07/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
This study was aimed to develop and evaluate the efficacy of a health education program for increasing knowledge, changing attitudes, and promoting prevention practices to reduce the incidence of RTIs among Malaysian Hajj pilgrims. A quasi-experimental study was done among 130 Hajj pilgrims attending Hajj orientation course organized by a private Hajj tour companies. Hajj pilgrims assigned to intervention group (n = 65) and control group (n = 65). Data were collected baseline and after return from Hajj using a validated questionnaire. Mixed design repeated measure ANOVA was used to analyse the effect of group, time, and group-time interaction on the dependent variables. There was a significant improvement in knowledge, attitude and practice scores in the intervention group compared to the control group. Based on the findings of the interaction of time and group, there was a significant statistical difference for post intervention for knowledge (p = 0.005), attitude (p = 0.041), and practice (p = 0.002). The newly-established health education intervention smartphone application was effective in improving KAP toward RTIs prevention among pilgrims.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammed Dauda Goni
- Department of Microbiology and Parasitology, School of Medical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, George Town, Malaysia.,Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Universiti Malaysia Kelantan, City Campus, Kota Bharu, Malaysia
| | - Nyi Nyi Naing
- Faculty of Medicine, Medical Campus, Universiti Sultan Zainal Abidin, Kuala Terengganu, Malaysia
| | - Habsah Hasan
- Department of Microbiology and Parasitology, School of Medical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, George Town, Malaysia
| | - Nadiah Wan-Arfah
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Universiti Sultan Zainal Abidin, Kuala Terengganu, Malaysia
| | - Zakuan Zainy Deris
- Department of Microbiology and Parasitology, School of Medical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, George Town, Malaysia
| | - Wan Nor Arifin
- Unit of Biostatistics and Research Methodology, School of Medical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia Health Campus, Kubang Kerian, Malaysia
| | - Aisha Abubakar Baaba
- Centre for Language Studies and Generic Development, Universiti Malaysia Kelantan, Kota Baharu, Malaysia
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Yezli S, Yassin Y, Mushi A, Aburas A, Alabdullatif L, Alburayh M, Khan A. Gastrointestinal symptoms and knowledge and practice of pilgrims regarding food and water safety during the 2019 Hajj mass gathering. BMC Public Health 2021; 21:1288. [PMID: 34210302 PMCID: PMC8252316 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-021-11381-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2021] [Accepted: 06/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Food and water-borne diseases (FWBDs) are a health risk at the Hajj mass gathering. The current study documented the prevalence and management of gastrointestinal (GI) symptoms among pilgrims during the 2019 Hajj and assessed their knowledge and practice concerning food and water safety. METHOD An analytical cross-sectional study was conducted in Macca, Saudi Arabia, among adult Hajj pilgrims from 28 countries. Data was collected from 15th-20th August 2019 by facer-to-face interviews using an anonymous structured questionnaire. Basic demographic data as well as information regarding pilgrims' knowledge and practice relating to food and water safety and any GI symptoms experienced during the Hajj was collected and analyzed. RESULTS The study enrolled 1363 pilgrims with a mean age of 50.1 years (SD = 12.3) and 63.4% (n = 845) were male. At least 9.7% (n = 133) of pilgrims experience GI symptoms and 5.1% (69/1363) suffered diarrhea. Most respondents drunk bottled water (99.4%, n = 1324) and obtained their food from their hotel /Hajj mission (> 86%). In general, pilgrims had good knowledge and practice in relation to food and water safety, although risky practices were noted concerning keeping food at unsafe temperatures and hazardous sharing of food and water. Gender, nationality and suffering GI symptoms during Hajj were significantly associated with good knowledge and good practice. There was a moderate but statistically significant positive correlation between knowledge and practice scores (rs = 0.41, p < 0.0001). CONCLUSION Despite overall good knowledge and self-reported practice, risky behaviors relating to food and water safety were identified among pilgrims, many of whom suffered from GI symptoms during Hajj. Our results can form the basis for developing tailored, targeted and effective interventions to improve pilgrims' knowledge and behavior and reduce the burden of FWBDs at the Hajj and beyond.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saber Yezli
- The Global Centre for Mass Gatherings Medicine, Public Health Directorate, Ministry of Health, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Yara Yassin
- The Global Centre for Mass Gatherings Medicine, Public Health Directorate, Ministry of Health, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdulaziz Mushi
- The Global Centre for Mass Gatherings Medicine, Public Health Directorate, Ministry of Health, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Alhanouf Aburas
- The Global Centre for Mass Gatherings Medicine, Public Health Directorate, Ministry of Health, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Lamis Alabdullatif
- The Global Centre for Mass Gatherings Medicine, Public Health Directorate, Ministry of Health, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mariyyah Alburayh
- The Global Centre for Mass Gatherings Medicine, Public Health Directorate, Ministry of Health, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Anas Khan
- The Global Centre for Mass Gatherings Medicine, Public Health Directorate, Ministry of Health, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Emergency Medicine, College of Medicine, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
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Wang Y, Gan Y, Zhang J, Mei J, Feng J, Lu Z, Shen X, Zhao M, Guo Y, Yuan Q. Analysis of the current status and associated factors of tuberculosis knowledge, attitudes, and practices among elderly people in Shenzhen: a cross-sectional study. BMC Public Health 2021; 21:1163. [PMID: 34140014 PMCID: PMC8210368 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-021-11240-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2021] [Accepted: 06/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The incidence and risk of tuberculosis (TB) among the elderly population have increased with the ageing population in China. This study aimed to assess the current status and associated factors of TB knowledge, attitudes, and practices among elderly people in Shenzhen City, China, which may provide references for the development of TB prevention and treatment policies targeting elderly people. Methods A multistage random sampling method was used to collect data with a self-designed questionnaire from 1078 elderly people (response rate, 90.66%) living in Bao’an District of Shenzhen between September and October 2019. Univariate and multiple linear regression analyses were used to analyse factors associated with TB knowledge, attitudes, and practices among elderly people. Results Among the respondents, 3.13% had previously been treated for TB, and 3.09% of respondents had family members or friends with a previous TB history. The percentages of elderly people who were aware of TB and had positive attitudes and practices regarding TB were 69.23%, 48.87%, and 42.62%, respectively. Multiple linear stepwise regression analysis showed that elderly people with a junior high school education or higher, a family annual income per capita of less than 100,000 RMB, a better self-perceived health status, and family members or friends with a previous TB history had higher TB knowledge scores (P < 0.05). Elderly people with medical insurance, a junior high school or higher education, a family annual income per capita of less than 100,000 RMB, and family members and friends with a previous TB history had higher TB attitude scores (P < 0.05). In addition, elderly people who were older, had medical insurance, had a junior high school education or higher, and had a family annual income per capita less than 100,000 RMB had higher TB practice scores (P < 0.05). Conclusions Elderly people were aware of TB, but their positive attitudes and practices were at a low level. Corresponding prevention and treatment policies should be developed according to these influencing factors to reduce the incidence of TB among elderly people and improve their quality of life.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunxia Wang
- Shenzhen Bao'an Center for Chronic Disease Control, NO. 332 Yu'an 2nd Road, Shenzhen, 518101, China
| | - Yong Gan
- Department of Social Medicine and Health Management, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Juanjuan Zhang
- Shenzhen Bao'an Center for Chronic Disease Control, NO. 332 Yu'an 2nd Road, Shenzhen, 518101, China
| | - Jinzhou Mei
- Shenzhen Bao'an Center for Chronic Disease Control, NO. 332 Yu'an 2nd Road, Shenzhen, 518101, China
| | - Jing Feng
- Department of Social Medicine and Health Management, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Zuxun Lu
- Department of Social Medicine and Health Management, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Xin Shen
- Department of Social Medicine and Health Management, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Meigui Zhao
- Shenzhen Bao'an Center for Chronic Disease Control, NO. 332 Yu'an 2nd Road, Shenzhen, 518101, China
| | - Yanfang Guo
- Shenzhen Bao'an Center for Chronic Disease Control, NO. 332 Yu'an 2nd Road, Shenzhen, 518101, China
| | - Qing Yuan
- Shenzhen Bao'an Center for Chronic Disease Control, NO. 332 Yu'an 2nd Road, Shenzhen, 518101, China.
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Medication Handling and Storage among Pilgrims during the Hajj Mass Gathering. Healthcare (Basel) 2021; 9:healthcare9060626. [PMID: 34073950 PMCID: PMC8225002 DOI: 10.3390/healthcare9060626] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2021] [Revised: 05/01/2021] [Accepted: 05/10/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
We aimed to investigate the knowledge and practices of Hajj pilgrims regarding medication storage and handling during the Hajj mass gathering. In this cross-sectional study, adult pilgrims from 30 countries were interviewed using a structured questionnaire during the 2019 Hajj. The study enrolled 1221 participants with a mean age of 50.8 years (SD = 12.5, range = 18-98) and male:female ratio of 1.7:1. Most pilgrims were literate, 50.4% had a university or higher education, and 38% reported at least one underlying health condition. Most pilgrims reported receiving education regarding the proper way to store their medication during Hajj, mainly from physicians (73.7%) and pharmacists (39.4%). Although 68.2% of pilgrims had good knowledge regarding medication storage and the potential effect of inappropriate storage conditions on medications and health, inadequate knowledge and poor practice were identified among some. Level of education, having an underlying health condition and receiving health education on mediation storage were independently associated with good knowledge. Most pilgrims took their medications with them during Hajj, although storage and handling of their medication also varied depending on the stages of their Hajj pilgrimage journey. Improving Hajj pilgrims' awareness and knowledge about appropriate storage and handling of their medications are beneficial in reducing the risk of associated adverse health outcomes, both during Hajj and beyond the mass gathering.
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Ghosh A, Ghosh S, Dutta J, Sinha R, Mukherjee J, Chakravorty N. Understanding the awareness, perception and practices of community healthcare workers for high risk antenatal cases: A survey conducted in India. CLINICAL EPIDEMIOLOGY AND GLOBAL HEALTH 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cegh.2021.100710] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022] Open
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Sharma SK, Mandal A, Mishra M. Effectiveness of m-learning on knowledge and attitude of nurses about the prevention and control of MDR TB: A quasi-randomized study. Indian J Tuberc 2021; 68:3-8. [PMID: 33641848 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijtb.2020.10.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2020] [Revised: 08/18/2020] [Accepted: 10/20/2020] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Multidrug-Resistant Tuberculosis is a fatal form because of high morbidity and poor recovery. Improper use of first line medicines and default treatment are the prime reasons of developing resistance of mycobacterium towards conventional anti- TB drugs. Nurses with refined knowledge, current evidence and positive attitude can prevent arising of MDR TB cases by ensuring adequate treatment, promoting treatment adherence and real time case monitoring. Because of paucity of data, present study was aimed to assess efficacy of m-learning in improving knowledge and attitude of nurses about the prevention and control of MDR-TB. METHODS In this Quasi-randomized study, nurses working in the unit of pulmonary, emergency, respiratory ICU, general medicine of AIIMS Rishikesh during the months of August-October 2019 were involved. The number of participation was 190 (95 in each group; experimental and control) where m-learning intervention was available only for experimental group. There were structured questionnaire to measure knowledge and dichotomous checklist to evaluate attitude of nurses of both group before and one week after the provision of m-learning module. RESULTS Both the group was homogeneous and m-learning intervention was effective to improve knowledge, when compared post-test knowledge score between experimental and control group (18.2 ± 5.4 vs 12.4 ± 4.4; P < 0.001); however, this one-time social media based intervention could not improve attitude of participants (10.3 ± 1.8 vs. 9.9 ± 1.8; P = 0.175). CONCLUSION Hence, m-learning is useful for knowledge development among large number of nurses within limited resource setting but frequent provision of technology based module is recommended to acquire positive attitude among nurses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suresh K Sharma
- College of Nursing, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Rishikesh, Uttarakhand, India.
| | - Anindita Mandal
- College of Nursing, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Rishikesh, Uttarakhand, India
| | - Mayank Mishra
- Department of Pulmonary Medicine, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Rishikesh, Uttarakhand, India
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Alqahtani S, Alshahrani M, Alnefaie M, Almofrej A, Aldaghsh F, Alamri N, Alshamrani S. Knowledge and perception regarding personal protection equipment and infection control measures against COVID-19 among dental practitioners of Saudi Arabia. SAUDI JOURNAL OF ORAL SCIENCES 2021. [DOI: 10.4103/sjos.sjoralsci_89_20] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
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Yezli S, Yassin Y, Mushi A, Balkhi B, Khan A. Insulin Knowledge, Handling, and Storage among Diabetic Pilgrims during the Hajj Mass Gathering. J Diabetes Res 2021; 2021:5596914. [PMID: 34136581 PMCID: PMC8179780 DOI: 10.1155/2021/5596914] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2021] [Accepted: 05/18/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Diabetes is one of the most common underlying health conditions among Hajj pilgrims. Many diabetics manage their condition using insulin, which requires appropriate storage conditions to maintain its stability and effectiveness. We aimed to investigate insulin knowledge, storage, and handling among diabetic pilgrims during Hajj to identify specific areas for improvement. METHOD Adult diabetic pilgrims from 22 countries were interviewed using a structured questionnaire during the 2019 Hajj. RESULTS The study enrolled 277 diabetic pilgrims with a mean age of 58.4 years (SD = 10.4, range: 20-83) and male : female ratio of 1.6 : 1. Most participants (86.4%) were literate and reported using insulin for a mean of 7.1 years (SD = 5.3, range: 1-23). Over 95% of pilgrims brought their insulin with them from their country of origin, where they also received most of their insulin storage information, mainly from physicians (77.8%) and pharmacists (59.6%). Pilgrims' knowledge regarding insulin storage was just above average (mean knowledge score = 0.51; SD = 0.23). Pilgrims who were literate and previously received education on insulin storage, those with a higher level of education, and those with a longer duration of insulin therapy, had significantly higher knowledge scores. Pilgrims' storage and handling of their insulin during Hajj also varied depending on the stages of their pilgrimage journey. CONCLUSION Inadequate knowledge and inappropriate practices regarding insulin handling and storage were identified among diabetic Hajj pilgrims, which could compromise the quality of insulin and lead to health hazards. Improving diabetic pilgrims' knowledge of diabetes management, including insulin storage, will be beneficial during the pilgrimage and beyond.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saber Yezli
- The Global Centre for Mass Gatherings Medicine, Ministry of Health, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Yara Yassin
- The Global Centre for Mass Gatherings Medicine, Ministry of Health, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdulaziz Mushi
- The Global Centre for Mass Gatherings Medicine, Ministry of Health, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Bander Balkhi
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Anas Khan
- The Global Centre for Mass Gatherings Medicine, Ministry of Health, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Emergency Medicine, College of Medicine, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
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Yezli S, Mushi A, Yassin Y, Maashi F, Khan A. Knowledge, Attitude and Practice of Pilgrims Regarding Heat-Related Illnesses during the 2017 Hajj Mass Gathering. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2019; 16:ijerph16173215. [PMID: 31484343 PMCID: PMC6747626 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph16173215] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2019] [Revised: 08/07/2019] [Accepted: 08/08/2019] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
The Hajj mass gathering attended by over two million Muslim pilgrims from around the world is a risk for heat-related illnesses (HRIs). We investigated the knowledge, attitude and practice (KAP) of pilgrims attending the 2017 Hajj regarding HRIs and their prevention. Adult pilgrims (1801) from six countries in Africa, Asia and the Middle East were interviewed using a structured questionnaire. Pilgrims had a mean age of 47.2 years (SD = 12.6) and a male:female ratio of 2.2:1. Over 83% declared having at least a secondary education. Pilgrims generally had good knowledge and above average attitude and practice according to our scoring criteria. Most pilgrims were aware of HRIs and preventive measures. However, poor hydration and reluctance to use certain preventive measures or to change Hajj activities’ schedule based on environmental temperature were noted. Age, nationality and level of education were significantly associated with a good knowledge of HRIs. Only nationality was significantly associated with good attitude, and good practice was significantly associated with gender, age and nationality. There were significant positive correlations between the KAP scores. These results can serve as baseline data to design effective general or targeted interventions to improve pilgrims’ knowledge and behavior and to reduce their risk of HRIs during Hajj.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saber Yezli
- The Global Centre for Mass Gatherings Medicine, Ministry of Health, Riyadh 12341, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Abdulaziz Mushi
- The Global Centre for Mass Gatherings Medicine, Ministry of Health, Riyadh 12341, Saudi Arabia
| | - Yara Yassin
- The Global Centre for Mass Gatherings Medicine, Ministry of Health, Riyadh 12341, Saudi Arabia
| | - Fuad Maashi
- The Global Centre for Mass Gatherings Medicine, Ministry of Health, Riyadh 12341, Saudi Arabia
| | - Anas Khan
- The Global Centre for Mass Gatherings Medicine, Ministry of Health, Riyadh 12341, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Emergency Medicine, College of Medicine, King Saud University, Riyadh 11472, Saudi Arabia
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