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Carullo N, Zicarelli M, Michael A, Faga T, Battaglia Y, Pisani A, Perticone M, Costa D, Ielapi N, Coppolino G, Bolignano D, Serra R, Andreucci M. Childhood Obesity: Insight into Kidney Involvement. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:17400. [PMID: 38139229 PMCID: PMC10743690 DOI: 10.3390/ijms242417400] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2023] [Revised: 12/05/2023] [Accepted: 12/06/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023] Open
Abstract
This review examines the impact of childhood obesity on the kidney from an epidemiological, pathogenetic, clinical, and pathological perspective, with the aim of providing pediatricians and nephrologists with the most current data on this topic. The prevalence of childhood obesity and chronic kidney disease (CKD) is steadily increasing worldwide, reaching epidemic proportions. While the impact of obesity in children with CKD is less pronounced than in adults, recent studies suggest a similar trend in the child population. This is likely due to the significant association between obesity and the two leading causes of end-stage renal disease (ESRD): diabetes mellitus (DM) and hypertension. Obesity is a complex, systemic disease that reflects interactions between environmental and genetic factors. A key mechanism of kidney damage is related to metabolic syndrome and insulin resistance. Therefore, we can speculate about an adipose tissue-kidney axis in which neurohormonal and immunological mechanisms exacerbate complications resulting from obesity. Adipose tissue, now recognized as an endocrine organ, secretes cytokines called adipokines that may induce adaptive or maladaptive responses in renal cells, leading to kidney fibrosis. The impact of obesity on kidney transplant-related outcomes for both donors and recipients is also significant, making stringent preventive measures critical in the pre- and post-transplant phases. The challenge lies in identifying renal involvement as early as possible, as it is often completely asymptomatic and not detectable through common markers of kidney function. Ongoing research into innovative technologies, such as proteomics and metabolomics, aims to identify new biomarkers and is constantly evolving. Many aspects of pediatric disease progression in the population of children with obesity still require clarification. However, the latest scientific evidence in the field of nephrology offers glimpses into various new perspectives, such as genetic factors, comorbidities, and novel biomarkers. Investigating these aspects early could potentially improve the prognosis of these young patients through new diagnostic and therapeutic strategies. Hence, the aim of this review is to provide a comprehensive exploration of the pathogenetic mechanisms and prevalent pathological patterns of kidney damage observed in children with obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nazareno Carullo
- Department of Health Sciences, Magna Graecia University of Catanzaro, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy; (N.C.); (M.Z.); (A.M.); (T.F.); (G.C.)
| | - Mariateresa Zicarelli
- Department of Health Sciences, Magna Graecia University of Catanzaro, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy; (N.C.); (M.Z.); (A.M.); (T.F.); (G.C.)
| | - Ashour Michael
- Department of Health Sciences, Magna Graecia University of Catanzaro, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy; (N.C.); (M.Z.); (A.M.); (T.F.); (G.C.)
| | - Teresa Faga
- Department of Health Sciences, Magna Graecia University of Catanzaro, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy; (N.C.); (M.Z.); (A.M.); (T.F.); (G.C.)
| | - Yuri Battaglia
- Department of Medicine, University of Verona, 37129 Verona, Italy;
| | - Antonio Pisani
- Department of Public Health, University Federico II of Naples, 80131 Naples, Italy;
| | - Maria Perticone
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, Magna Graecia University of Catanzaro, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy; (M.P.); (D.C.); (D.B.)
| | - Davide Costa
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, Magna Graecia University of Catanzaro, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy; (M.P.); (D.C.); (D.B.)
- Interuniversity Center of Phlebolymphology (CIFL), “Magna Graecia” University, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy;
| | - Nicola Ielapi
- Interuniversity Center of Phlebolymphology (CIFL), “Magna Graecia” University, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy;
- Department of Public Health and Infectious Disease, “Sapienza” University of Rome, 00185 Rome, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Coppolino
- Department of Health Sciences, Magna Graecia University of Catanzaro, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy; (N.C.); (M.Z.); (A.M.); (T.F.); (G.C.)
| | - Davide Bolignano
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, Magna Graecia University of Catanzaro, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy; (M.P.); (D.C.); (D.B.)
| | - Raffaele Serra
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, Magna Graecia University of Catanzaro, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy; (M.P.); (D.C.); (D.B.)
- Interuniversity Center of Phlebolymphology (CIFL), “Magna Graecia” University, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy;
| | - Michele Andreucci
- Department of Health Sciences, Magna Graecia University of Catanzaro, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy; (N.C.); (M.Z.); (A.M.); (T.F.); (G.C.)
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Ngatu NR, Ikeda M, Tonduangu DK, Nangana SL, Hirao T. Modulatory Effects of NBF1, an Algal Fiber-Rich Bioformula, on Adiponectin and C-Reactive Protein Levels, and Its Therapeutic Prospects for Metabolic Syndrome and Type-2 Diabetes Patients. Biomedicines 2022; 10:biomedicines10102572. [PMID: 36289836 PMCID: PMC9599379 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines10102572] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2022] [Revised: 10/09/2022] [Accepted: 10/10/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
An unhealthy diet can lead to the development of metabolic disorders. C-reactive protein (CRP) has been reported to be an inflammatory component of metabolic disorders. Additionally, reduced adiponectin (APN) levels is known as a predictor of metabolic disorders. We report on the beneficial effects of NBF1, an algal fiber-rich formula, on CRP, APN, and diabetes markers. Additionally, associations between dietary nutrients, CRP, and APN were investigated. A dietary survey that used a brief self-administered diet history questionnaire, a validated 58-item fixed-portion-type questionnaire, and a 4-week placebo-controlled dietary intervention were carried out. The latter consisted of a twice daily intake of 3 g of sujiaonori alga-based powder as a supplement (NBF1, n = 16), whereas the placebo group received the same amount of corn starch powder (n = 15). CRP and APN levels were assayed by ELISA. Clinical cases comprising three subjects with metabolic disorders treated with NBF1, including two type 2 diabetes mellitus patients and one subject with hypercholesterolemia, are also reported. They received 2.1g NBF1 once daily for 12 weeks. Intakes of algal fiber and n-3 PUFA were positively associated with the increase of APN, and n-3PUFA intake was inversely associated with CRP. All cases had improved metabolic health profile.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nlandu Roger Ngatu
- Department of Public Health, Kagawa University Faculty of Medicine, Kagawa 761-0793, Japan
- Correspondence: (N.R.N.); (M.I.)
| | - Mitsunori Ikeda
- Wellness and Longevity Center, University of Kochi, Kochi 781-8515, Japan
- Correspondence: (N.R.N.); (M.I.)
| | - Daniel Kuezina Tonduangu
- Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Kinshasa, Kinshasa, Democratic Republic of the Congo
| | - Severin Luzitu Nangana
- Preventive Medicine Unit, Kimbanguist Hospital of Kinshasa, Kinshasa, Democratic Republic of the Congo
| | - Tomohiro Hirao
- Department of Public Health, Kagawa University Faculty of Medicine, Kagawa 761-0793, Japan
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Ganesh V, M M, Palem SP. Adiponectin Can Be an Early Predictable Marker for Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus and Nephropathy. Cureus 2022; 14:e27308. [PMID: 36039271 PMCID: PMC9403389 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.27308] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Several studies have examined serum adiponectin concentrations in prediabetes, newly diagnosed type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), and other types of diabetes associated with the risk of T2DM and diabetic nephropathy (DN); however, the results to date are inconclusive. An aim of the current study is to determine whether adiponectin is a useful marker for the earlier development of T2DM and DN. Methodology This cross-sectional study included 400 subjects. Among the subjects, 100 were prediabetes subjects, 200 were T2DM patients, and the remaining 100 were healthy controls. The biochemical and clinical parameters of all patients were analyzed and the data were recorded. Results The mean levels of adiponectin were significantly lower in prediabetic subjects than in healthy controls (3.22 ± 0.98, 5.36 ± 2.24, p = 0.0001**). Furthermore, the levels of adiponectin were significantly higher in both the groups of T2DM patients when compared to healthy controls (19.85 ± 3.31, 11.83 ± 3.01, and 5.36 ± 2.24, p = 0.0001**). In both diabetic groups, adiponectin was positively correlated with body mass index, glycated hemoglobin, insulin, homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance, and microalbuminuria, while negatively correlated with estimated glomerular filtration rate. Interestingly, adiponectin had a reversed correlation in the prediabetic group. Conclusion Based on the results, the present study suggests that significantly decreased levels of serum adiponectin in prediabetic subjects might be used as a variable marker for T2DM. Moreover, adiponectin may useful for detecting the early onset of nephropathy, compared to microalbumin, as its concentration was significantly elevated in patients who were newly diagnosed with T2DM without nephropathy.
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Rolnick N, de Sousa Neto IV, da Fonseca EF, Neves RVP, Rosa TDS, Nascimento DDC. Potential implications of blood flow restriction exercise on patients with chronic kidney disease: a brief review. J Exerc Rehabil 2022; 18:81-95. [PMID: 35582687 PMCID: PMC9081410 DOI: 10.12965/jer.2244082.041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2022] [Accepted: 03/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Combining blood flow restriction (BFR) with exercise is considered a relevant, helpful method in load-compromised individuals and a viable replacement for traditional heavy-load strength training. BFR exercise may be particularly useful for those unable to withstand high mechanical stresses on joints resulting in skeletal muscle dysfunction, such as patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD). Current literature suggests that BFR training displays similar positive health benefits to exercise training alone for CKD patients, including maintenance of muscle strength, glomerular filtration rate maintenance, uremic parameters, inflammatory profile, redox status, glucose homeostasis, blood pressure adjustments, and low adverse reports. In this review of nine studies in CKD patients, we clarify the potential safety and health effects of exercise training with BFR compared to exercise training alone and recommend insights for future research and practical use. Furthermore, we introduce relevant gaps in this emerging field, providing substantial guidance, critical discussion, and valuable preliminary conclusions in this demographic of patients. However, based on the limited studies in this area, more research is necessary to determine the optimal BFR exercise programming.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicholas Rolnick
- The Human Performance Mechanic, Lehman College, New York, NY,
USA
| | - Ivo Vieira de Sousa Neto
- Laboratory of Molecular Analysis, Faculty of Ceilândia, Universidade de Brasília, Distrito Federal, Brasilia,
Brazil
- Graduate Program of Sciences and Technology of Health, Faculty of Ceilândia, Universidade de Brasília, Distrito Federal, Brasilia,
Brazil
| | - Eduardo Fernandes da Fonseca
- Post-Graduate Program of Physical Education, Catholic University of Brasilia, Distrito Federal, Brasilia,
Brazil
| | | | - Thiago dos Santos Rosa
- Post-Graduate Program of Physical Education, Catholic University of Brasilia, Distrito Federal, Brasilia,
Brazil
| | - Dahan da Cunha Nascimento
- Post-Graduate Program of Physical Education, Catholic University of Brasilia, Distrito Federal, Brasilia,
Brazil
- Corresponding author: Dahan da Cunha Nascimento, Post-Graduate Program of Physical Education, Catholic University of Brasilia, Distrito Federal, Brasilia 71966-700, Brazil,
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Deus LAD, Corrêa HDL, Neves RVP, Reis AL, Honorato FS, Araújo TBD, Souza MK, Haro AS, Silva VL, Barbosa JMDS, Padula IA, Andrade RV, Simões HG, Prestes J, Stone WJ, Melo GF, Rosa TS. Metabolic and hormonal responses to chronic blood-flow restricted resistance training in chronic kidney disease: a randomized trial. Appl Physiol Nutr Metab 2022; 47:183-194. [PMID: 35062832 DOI: 10.1139/apnm-2021-0409] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Maintenance of glycemic and lipemic homeostasis can limit the progression of diabetic kidney disease. Resistance training (RT) is effective in controlling glycemia and lipemia in kidney disease; however, the effect of RT with blood flow restriction (RT+BFR) on these metabolic factors has not been investigated. We aimed to verify if chronic (6 months) RT and RT+BFR performed by patients with stage-2 chronic kidney disease (CKD) improves their glycemic homeostasis and immunometabolic profiles. Patients with CKD under conservative treatment (n = 105 (33 females)) from both sexes were randomized into control (n = 35 (11 females); age 57.6 ± 5.2 years), RT (n = 35 (12 females); age 58.0 ± 6.2 years), and RT+BFR (n = 35 (10 females); 58.0 ± 6.4 years) groups. Chronic RT or RT+BFR (6 months) was performed 3 times per week on non-consecutive days with training loading adjusted every 2 months, RT 50%-60%-70% of 1RM, and RT+BFR 30%-40%+50% of 1RM and fixed repetition number. Renal function was estimated with the glomerular filtration rate and serum albumin level. Metabolic, hormonal, and inflammatory assessments were analyzed from blood samples. Six months of RT and RT+BFR were similarly effective in improving glucose homeostasis and hormone mediators of glucose uptake (e.g., irisin, adiponectin, and sirtuin-1), decreasing pro-inflammatory and fibrotic proteins, and attenuating the progression of estimated glomerular filtration rate. Thus, RT+BFR can be considered an additional exercise modality to be included in the treatment of patients with stage 2 chronic kidney disease. Trial registration number: U1111-1237-8231. URL: http://www.ensaiosclinicos.gov.br/rg/RBR-3gpg5w/, no. RBR-3gpg5w. Novelty: Glycemic regulation induced by resistance training prevents the progression of CKD. Chronic RT and RT+BFR promote similar changes in glycemic regulation. RT and RT+BFR can be considered as non-pharmacological tools for the treatment of CKD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lysleine Alves de Deus
- Graduate Program in Physical Education, Catholic University of Brasília (UCB), Taguatinga, DF, Brazil
| | - Hugo de Luca Corrêa
- Graduate Program in Physical Education, Catholic University of Brasília (UCB), Taguatinga, DF, Brazil
| | | | - Andrea Lucena Reis
- Graduate Program in Physical Education, Catholic University of Brasília (UCB), Taguatinga, DF, Brazil
| | - Fernando Sousa Honorato
- Graduate Program in Physical Education, Catholic University of Brasília (UCB), Taguatinga, DF, Brazil
| | | | - Michel Kendy Souza
- Department of Nephrology, Federal University of São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Anderson Sola Haro
- Department of Nephrology, Federal University of São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Victor Lopes Silva
- Graduate Program in Physical Education, Catholic University of Brasília (UCB), Taguatinga, DF, Brazil
| | | | | | - Rosângela Vieira Andrade
- Graduate Program in Genomic Sciences and Biotechnology, Catholic University of Brasília (UCB), Taguatinga, DF, Brazil
| | - Herbert Gustavo Simões
- Graduate Program in Physical Education, Catholic University of Brasília (UCB), Taguatinga, DF, Brazil
| | - Jonato Prestes
- Graduate Program in Physical Education, Catholic University of Brasília (UCB), Taguatinga, DF, Brazil
| | - Whitley J Stone
- School of Kinesiology, Recreation, and Sport, Western Kentucky University, KY, USA
| | - Gislane Ferreira Melo
- Graduate Program in Physical Education, Catholic University of Brasília (UCB), Taguatinga, DF, Brazil
| | - Thiago Santos Rosa
- Graduate Program in Physical Education, Catholic University of Brasília (UCB), Taguatinga, DF, Brazil
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Chattopadhyay S, Joharapurkar A, Das N, Khatoon S, Kushwaha S, Gurjar AA, Singh AK, Shree S, Ahmed MZ, China SP, Pal S, Kumar H, Ramachandran R, Patel V, Trivedi AK, Lahiri A, Jain MR, Chattopadhyay N, Sanyal S. Estradiol overcomes adiponectin-resistance in diabetic mice by regulating skeletal muscle adiponectin receptor 1 expression. Mol Cell Endocrinol 2022; 540:111525. [PMID: 34856343 DOI: 10.1016/j.mce.2021.111525] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2021] [Revised: 11/26/2021] [Accepted: 11/28/2021] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Adiponectin and insulin resistance creates a vicious cycle that exacerbates type 2 diabetes. Earlier, we observed that female leptin receptor-deficient BLKS mice (BKS-db/db) were more sensitive to an adiponectin mimetic GTDF than males, which led us to explore if E2 plays a crucial role in modulation of adiponectin-sensitivity. Male but not female BKS-db/db mice were resistant to metabolic effects of globular adiponectin treatment. Male BKS-db/db displayed reduced skeletal muscle AdipoR1 protein expression, which was consequent to elevated polypyrimidine tract binding protein 1 (PTB) and miR-221. E2 treatment in male BKS-db/db, and ovariectomized BALB/c mice rescued AdipoR1 protein expression via downregulation of PTB and miR-221, and also directly increased AdipoR1 mRNA by its classical nuclear receptors. Estrogen receptor regulation via dietary or pharmacological interventions may improve adiponectin resistance and consequently ameliorate insulin resistance in type 2 diabetes.
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MESH Headings
- Adiponectin/metabolism
- Animals
- Cells, Cultured
- Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental/genetics
- Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental/metabolism
- Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental/pathology
- Drug Resistance/genetics
- Estradiol/pharmacology
- Female
- Humans
- Male
- Mice
- Mice, Inbred BALB C
- Mice, Transgenic
- Muscle, Skeletal/metabolism
- Receptors, Adiponectin/genetics
- Receptors, Adiponectin/metabolism
- Receptors, Leptin/genetics
- Sex Characteristics
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Affiliation(s)
- Sourav Chattopadhyay
- Division of Biochemistry and Structural Biology, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute, Lucknow, 226031, India; AcSIR, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute Campus, Lucknow, 226031, India
| | | | - Nabanita Das
- Division of Biochemistry and Structural Biology, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute, Lucknow, 226031, India
| | - Shamima Khatoon
- Division of Biochemistry and Structural Biology, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute, Lucknow, 226031, India
| | - Sapana Kushwaha
- Division of Biochemistry and Structural Biology, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute, Lucknow, 226031, India
| | - Anagha Ashok Gurjar
- Division of Biochemistry and Structural Biology, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute, Lucknow, 226031, India; AcSIR, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute Campus, Lucknow, 226031, India
| | - Abhishek Kumar Singh
- Division of Biochemistry and Structural Biology, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute, Lucknow, 226031, India
| | - Sonal Shree
- Division of Biochemistry and Structural Biology, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute, Lucknow, 226031, India
| | - Md Zohaib Ahmed
- Division of Biochemistry and Structural Biology, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute, Lucknow, 226031, India
| | - Shyamsundar Pal China
- AcSIR, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute Campus, Lucknow, 226031, India; Division of Endocrinology, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute, Lucknow, 226031, India
| | - Subhashis Pal
- Division of Endocrinology, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute, Lucknow, 226031, India
| | - Harish Kumar
- Division of Biochemistry and Structural Biology, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute, Lucknow, 226031, India
| | - Ravishankar Ramachandran
- Division of Biochemistry and Structural Biology, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute, Lucknow, 226031, India; AcSIR, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute Campus, Lucknow, 226031, India
| | - Vishal Patel
- Zydus Research Center, Moraiya, Ahmedabad, 382213, Gujarat, India
| | - Arun Kumar Trivedi
- AcSIR, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute Campus, Lucknow, 226031, India; Division of Cancer Biology, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute, Lucknow, 226031, India
| | - Amit Lahiri
- AcSIR, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute Campus, Lucknow, 226031, India; Division of Pharmacology, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute, Lucknow, 226031, India
| | | | - Naibedya Chattopadhyay
- AcSIR, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute Campus, Lucknow, 226031, India; Division of Endocrinology, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute, Lucknow, 226031, India
| | - Sabyasachi Sanyal
- Division of Biochemistry and Structural Biology, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute, Lucknow, 226031, India; AcSIR, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute Campus, Lucknow, 226031, India.
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Suh SH, Oh TR, Choi HS, Kim CS, Lee J, Oh YK, Jung JY, Lee KB, Oh KH, Ma SK, Bae EH, Kim SW. Association of High Serum Adiponectin Level With Adverse Cardiovascular Outcomes and Progression of Coronary Artery Calcification in Patients With Pre-dialysis Chronic Kidney Disease. Front Cardiovasc Med 2022; 8:789488. [PMID: 35097010 PMCID: PMC8792836 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2021.789488] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2021] [Accepted: 12/14/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Serum adiponectin level predicts cardiovascular (CV) outcomes and progression of coronary artery calcification (CAC) in the general population, although the association has not been validated in patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD). In this study, we investigated the association of high serum adiponectin level with the risk of adverse CV outcomes and progression of CAC in patients with pre-dialysis CKD. Methods: A total of 1,127 patients with pre-dialysis CKD from a nationwide prospective cohort of patients with pre-dialysis CKD in Korea were divided into the tertile by serum adiponectin level at the baseline. CV outcome of interest was fatal and non-fatal CV events and all-cause mortality. Progression of CAC was defined as coronary artery calcium score (CACS) change more than 200 during a 4-year follow-up. Results: Cox regression analysis revealed that high serum adiponectin is associated with increased risk of fatal and non-fatal CV events (adjusted hazard ratio 2.799, 95% CI 1.348–5.811). In contrast, high serum adiponectin level was not significantly associated with all-cause mortality (adjusted hazard ratio 0.655, 95% CI 0.203–2.113). Binary logistic regression analysis revealed that high serum adiponectin level is also associated with increased risk of progression of CAC (adjusted odds ratio [OR] 2.078, 95% CI 1.014–4.260). Subgroup analyses demonstrated that the association of high serum adiponectin with increased risk of fatal and non-fatal CV events is not modified by age, gender, history of diabetes, estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR), or spot urine albumin-to-creatinine ratio (ACR). Conclusions: High serum adiponectin level is associated with adverse CV outcomes and progression of CAC in patients with pre-dialysis CKD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sang Heon Suh
- Department of Internal Medicine, Chonnam National University Medical School and Chonnam National University Hospital, Gwangju, South Korea
| | - Tae Ryom Oh
- Department of Internal Medicine, Chonnam National University Medical School and Chonnam National University Hospital, Gwangju, South Korea
| | - Hong Sang Choi
- Department of Internal Medicine, Chonnam National University Medical School and Chonnam National University Hospital, Gwangju, South Korea
| | - Chang Seong Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine, Chonnam National University Medical School and Chonnam National University Hospital, Gwangju, South Korea
| | - Joongyub Lee
- Department of Prevention and Management, School of Medicine, Inha University, Incheon, South Korea
| | - Yun Kyu Oh
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Ji Yong Jung
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, Gachon University of Gil Medical Center, Incheon, South Korea
| | - Kyu-Beck Lee
- Department of Internal Medicine, Kangbuk Samsung Hospital, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Kook-Hwan Oh
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Seong Kwon Ma
- Department of Internal Medicine, Chonnam National University Medical School and Chonnam National University Hospital, Gwangju, South Korea
| | - Eun Hui Bae
- Department of Internal Medicine, Chonnam National University Medical School and Chonnam National University Hospital, Gwangju, South Korea
- *Correspondence: Eun Hui Bae
| | - Soo Wan Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine, Chonnam National University Medical School and Chonnam National University Hospital, Gwangju, South Korea
- Soo Wan Kim
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8
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Cao Y, Deng Y, Wang J, Zhao H, Zhang J, Xie W. The association between NAFLD and risk of chronic kidney disease: a cross-sectional study. Ther Adv Chronic Dis 2021; 12:20406223211048649. [PMID: 34777740 PMCID: PMC8586173 DOI: 10.1177/20406223211048649] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2021] [Accepted: 09/07/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective: The aim of this study was to evaluate the association between nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and NAFLD with different comorbidities and risk of chronic kidney disease (CKD) and abnormal albuminuria. Materials and Methods: A total of 3872 Chinese individuals excluding those with hepatitis B or C infection and absence of alcohol abuse were included in the study. NAFLD was diagnosed by abdominal ultrasonography. The liver fibrosis was assessed by NAFLD fibrosis score (NFS) and fibrosis-4 index (FIB-4). CKD was defined as an estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) < 60 ml/min/1.73 m2 and/or abnormal albuminuria (urinary albumin-to-creatinine ratio ⩾ 3 mg/mmol). The logistic regression analysis was performed to examine the association between NAFLD and NAFLD with different comorbidities and risk of CKD. Results: The prevalence of CKD and abnormal albuminuria was higher in individuals with NAFLD than in those without NAFLD (15.8% vs 11.9%, p < 0.001; 14.8% vs 11.0%, p < 0.001). Logistic regression analysis demonstrated that NAFLD was risk factor of CKD. Notably, after adjustment for sex, age, and DM, NAFLD was associated with 1.31-fold higher risk of prevalent CKD ⩾ 1 (p < 0.05). NAFLD individuals with elder age, DM, obesity, hypertension, MetS, and advanced liver fibrosis had higher risks of both prevalent CKD and abnormal albuminuria than those without comorbidities. Conclusions: NAFLD and NAFLD with traditional comorbidities are strongly associated with risk of prevalence of CKD and abnormal albuminuria. Patients with NAFLD especially those with coexisting comorbidities were recommended to carefully access the development of CKD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Cao
- Center of Liver Diseases, Beijing Ditan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - You Deng
- Center of Liver Diseases, Beijing Ditan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Jingjing Wang
- Center of Liver Diseases, Beijing Ditan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Hong Zhao
- Center of Liver Diseases, Beijing Ditan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Jingyu Zhang
- Center of Liver Diseases, Beijing Ditan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Wen Xie
- Center of Liver Diseases, Beijing Ditan Hospital, Capital Medical University, No. 8, Jingshun East Street, Chaoyang District, Beijing 100015, China
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9
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Fumeron F, El Boustany R, Bastard JP, Fellahi S, Balkau B, Marre M, Venteclef N, Velho G, Roussel R. Plasma total adiponectin and changes in renal function in a cohort from the community: the prospective Data from an Epidemiological Study on the Insulin Resistance Syndrome study. Nephrol Dial Transplant 2021; 36:2058-2065. [PMID: 33141880 DOI: 10.1093/ndt/gfaa228] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2020] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND High adiponectin levels are associated with diabetic nephropathy. Nevertheless, it is not known whether plasma adiponectin is associated with renal function decline in the general population. We evaluated whether adiponectin concentrations were associated with changes in renal function in a community cohort, the Data from an Epidemiological Study on the Insulin Resistance Syndrome (DESIR) study. METHODS Plasma adiponectin concentrations were measured in a random sample of 3284 people from the DESIR study, a 9-year prospective cohort from the general population. Data were analysed for three endpoints during follow-up: incidence of Stage 3 chronic kidney disease (CKD); the Kidney Disease: Improving Global Outcomes (KDIGO) criterion 'certain drop in eGFR' and rapid kidney function decline [estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) slope steeper than -3 mL/min/1.73 m2/year]. RESULTS After exclusion of participants with an eGFR <60 mL/min/1.73 m2 at baseline and those with type 2 diabetes or impaired fasting glycaemia at any time during follow-up (remaining n = 2174), there was a 113% higher risk for a rapid decline in kidney function in participants with adiponectin above the third tertile (T3) versus below the first tertile (T1) (Ptrend = 0.004) and a 53% higher risk for kidney function decline as defined by the KDIGO criterion (Ptrend = 0.04). In a cross-sectional analysis, adiponectin was positively associated with urinary albumin:creatinine ratio at baseline (P = 0.009). CONCLUSIONS In a healthy cohort from the general population, higher levels of plasma adiponectin were associated with decreased renal function at baseline and at follow-up. This result is similar to what is observed in people with diabetic nephropathy, in contrast with animal models of nephropathy.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Ray El Boustany
- Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers UMR-S 1138, Université de Paris, INSERM, Paris, France
| | - Jean-Philippe Bastard
- Biochemistry and Hormonology Department, AP-HP, Tenon Hospital, Paris, France.,Department of Biochemistry-Pharmacology-Molecular Biology-Medical Genetics, AP-HP, Henri Mondor Hospital, Créteil, France
| | - Soraya Fellahi
- Biochemistry and Hormonology Department, AP-HP, Tenon Hospital, Paris, France
| | - Beverley Balkau
- Centre for Research in Epidemiology and Population Health (CESP), INSERM, UMR-S 1018, University Paris-Sud, University Versailles Saint-Quentin, Villejuif, France
| | - Michel Marre
- Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers UMR-S 1138, Université de Paris, INSERM, Paris, France
| | - Nicolas Venteclef
- Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers UMR-S 1138, Université de Paris, INSERM, Paris, France.,UMR-S 1138, Sorbonne Université, Paris, France
| | | | - Ronan Roussel
- Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers UMR-S 1138, Université de Paris, INSERM, Paris, France.,Department of Diabetology, Endocrinology, Nutrition, AP-HP, Bichat Hospital, Paris, France
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10
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Yim HE, Yoo KH. Obesity and chronic kidney disease: prevalence, mechanism, and management. Clin Exp Pediatr 2021; 64:511-518. [PMID: 33831296 PMCID: PMC8498012 DOI: 10.3345/cep.2021.00108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2021] [Accepted: 03/19/2021] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
The prevalence of childhood obesity is increasing worldwide at an alarming rate. While obesity is known to increase a variety of cardiovascular and metabolic diseases, it also acts as a risk factor for the development and progression of chronic kidney disease (CKD). During childhood and adolescence, severe obesity is associated with an increased prevalence and incidence of the early stages of kidney disease. Importantly, children born to obese mothers are also at increased risk of developing obesity and CKD later in life. The potential mechanisms underlying the association between obesity and CKD include hemodynamic factors, metabolic effects, and lipid nephrotoxicity. Weight reduction via increased physical activity, caloric restriction, treatment with angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors, and judicious bariatric surgery can be used to control obesity and obesity-related kidney disease. Preventive strategies to halt the obesity epidemic in the healthcare community are needed to reduce the widespread deleterious consequences of obesity including CKD development and progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyung Eun Yim
- Department of Pediatrics, Korea University Ansan Hospital, Korea University College of Medicine, Ansan, Korea
| | - Kee Hwan Yoo
- Department of Pediatrics, Korea University Guro Hospital, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
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11
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Miricescu D, Balan DG, Tulin A, Stiru O, Vacaroiu IA, Mihai DA, Popa CC, Enyedi M, Nedelea AS, Nica AE, Stefani C. Impact of adipose tissue in chronic kidney disease development (Review). Exp Ther Med 2021; 21:539. [PMID: 33815612 PMCID: PMC8014972 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2021.9969] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2020] [Accepted: 01/14/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Obesity is a worldwide pandemic health issue. Obesity is associated with the pathogenesis of type 2 diabetes, hypertension, dyslipidemia, cardiovascular diseases, cancer, and kidney diseases. This systemic disease can affect the kidneys by two mechanisms: Indirectly through diabetes mellitus (DM) and hypertension and directly through adipokines secreted by adipose tissue. Obesity is a risk factor for chronic kidney disease (CKD), which is associated with an increased risk of morbidity and mortality among the adult population. Increased visceral adipose tissue leads to renal glomerular hyperfiltration and hyperperfusion, which may lead to glomerular hypertrophy, proteinuria, and CKD development. Adipokines are hormones produced by fat tissue. They are involved in energy homeostasis, sugar and fat metabolism, reproduction, immunity, and thermogenesis control. Hormones and cytokines secreted by adipose tissue contribute to the development and progression of CKD. Decreased serum or urinary adiponectin levels are specific in diabetic and non-diabetic CKD patients, while leptin presents increased levels, and both are associated with the development of glomerulopathy. Excessive adipose tissue is associated with inflammation, oxidative stress (OS), insulin resistance and activation of the renin angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS). Therefore, adipose tissue dysfunction plays an important role in the development of CKD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniela Miricescu
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Dental Medicine, ‘Carol Davila’ University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 020021 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Daniela Gabriela Balan
- Discipline of Physiology, Faculty of Dental Medicine, ‘Carol Davila’ University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 020021 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Adrian Tulin
- Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, ‘Carol Davila’ University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 020021 Bucharest, Romania
- Department of General Surgery, ‘Prof. Dr. Agrippa Ionescu’ Clinical Emergency Hospital, 011356 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Ovidiu Stiru
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, ‘Carol Davila’ University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 020021 Bucharest, Romania
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, ‘Prof. Dr. C.C. Iliescu’ Emergency Institute for Cardiovascular Diseases, 022322 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Ileana Adela Vacaroiu
- Department of Nephrology and Dialysis, ‘Sf. Ioan’ Emergency Clinical Hospital, 042122 Bucharest, Romania
- Department of Nephrology, Nutrition and Metabolic Diseases, Faculty of Medicine, ‘Carol Davila’ University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 020021 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Doina Andrada Mihai
- Discipline of Diabetes, Nutrition and Metabolic Diseases, Faculty of Medicine, ‘Carol Davila’ University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 020021 Bucharest, Romania
- Department II of Diabetes, ‘Prof. N. Paulescu’ National Institute of Diabetes, Nutrition and Metabolic Diseases, 020474 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Cristian Constantin Popa
- Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, ‘Carol Davila’ University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 020021 Bucharest, Romania
- Department of Surgery, Bucharest Emergency University Hospital, 050098 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Mihaly Enyedi
- Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, ‘Carol Davila’ University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 020021 Bucharest, Romania
- Department of Radiology, ‘Victor Babes’ Private Medical Clinic, 030303 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Andrei Sorin Nedelea
- Department of Urology, ‘Prof. Dr. Agrippa Ionescu’ Clinical Emergency Hospital, 011356 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Adriana Elena Nica
- Department of Orthopedics, Anesthesia Intensive Care Unit, Faculty of Medicine, ‘Carol Davila’ University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 020021 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Constantin Stefani
- Department of Family Medicine and Clinical Base, Dr. Carol Davila Central Military Emergency University Hospital, 010825 Bucharest, Romania
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12
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Roy B, Palaniyandi SS. Tissue-specific role and associated downstream signaling pathways of adiponectin. Cell Biosci 2021; 11:77. [PMID: 33902691 PMCID: PMC8073961 DOI: 10.1186/s13578-021-00587-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2021] [Accepted: 04/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
According to the World Health Organization, metabolic syndrome (MetS) can be defined as a pathological condition characterized by abdominal obesity, insulin resistance, hypertension, and hyperlipidemia. The incidence of MetS keeps rising, as at least 35% of the USA population suffers from MetS. One of the worst comorbidities of metabolic syndrome are cardiovascular diseases that significantly amplifies the mortality associated with this syndrome. There is an urgent need to understand the pathophysiology of MetS to find novel diagnosis, treatment and management to mitigate the MetS and associated complications. Altered circulatory adiponectin levels have been implicated in MetS. Adiponectin has numerous biologic functions including antioxidative, anti-nitrative, anti-inflammatory, and cardioprotective effects. Being a pleiotropic hormone of multiple tissues, tissue-specific key signaling pathways of adiponectin will help finding specific target/s to blunt the pathophysiology of metabolic syndrome and associated disorders. The purpose of this review is to elucidate tissue-specific signaling pathways of adiponectin and possibly identify potential therapeutic targets for MetS as well as to evaluate the potential of adiponectin as a biomarker/therapeutic option in MetS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bipradas Roy
- Division of Hypertension and Vascular Research, Department of Internal Medicine, Henry Ford Health System, Integrative Biosciences Center (IBio), Room #3402, 6135 Woodward, Detroit, MI 48202 USA
- Department of Physiology, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI 48202 USA
| | - Suresh Selvaraj Palaniyandi
- Division of Hypertension and Vascular Research, Department of Internal Medicine, Henry Ford Health System, Integrative Biosciences Center (IBio), Room #3402, 6135 Woodward, Detroit, MI 48202 USA
- Department of Physiology, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI 48202 USA
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13
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Nowroozpoor A, Gutterman D, Safdar B. Is microvascular dysfunction a systemic disorder with common biomarkers found in the heart, brain, and kidneys? - A scoping review. Microvasc Res 2020; 134:104123. [PMID: 33333140 DOI: 10.1016/j.mvr.2020.104123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2020] [Revised: 12/09/2020] [Accepted: 12/12/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Although microvascular dysfunction (MVD) has been well characterized in individual organs as different disease entities, clinical evidence is mounting in support of an underlying systemic process. To address this hypothesis, we systematically searched PubMed and Medline for studies in adults published between 2014 and 2019 that measured blood biomarkers of MVD in three vital organs i.e. brain, heart, and the kidney. Of the 9706 unique articles 321 met the criteria, reporting 49 biomarkers of which 16 were common to the three organs. Endothelial dysfunction, inflammation including reactive oxidation, immune activation, and coagulation were the commonly recognized pathways. Triglyceride, C-reactive protein, Cystatin C, homocysteine, uric acid, IL-6, NT-proBNP, thrombomodulin, von Willebrand Factor, and uric acid were increased in MVD of all three organs. In contrast, vitamin D was decreased. Adiponectin, asymmetric dimethylarginine, total cholesterol, high-density and low-density cholesterol were found to be variably increased or decreased in studies. We review the pathways underlying MVD in the three organs and summarize evidence supporting its systemic nature. This scoping review informs clinicians and researchers in the multi-system manifestation of MVD. Future work should focus on longitudinal investigations to evaluate the multi-system involvement of this disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Armin Nowroozpoor
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, United States
| | - David Gutterman
- Department of Internal Medicine, Section of Cardiology, Cardiovascular Center, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, United States
| | - Basmah Safdar
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, United States.
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14
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Mota-Zamorano S, Luna E, Garcia-Pino G, González LM, Gervasini G. Combined donor-recipient genotypes of leptin receptor and adiponectin gene polymorphisms affect the incidence of complications after renal transplantation. Mol Genet Metab Rep 2020; 25:100648. [PMID: 32983895 PMCID: PMC7498839 DOI: 10.1016/j.ymgmr.2020.100648] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2020] [Revised: 09/04/2020] [Accepted: 09/04/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Background We aimed to examine whether combined donor/recipient variants in the leptin receptor (LEPR) and adiponectin (ADIPOQ) genes may affect outcomes in renal transplantation. Methods A total of 233 donors and their corresponding 307 recipients were genotyped for LEPR rs1805094, rs1137100 and rs1137101, and ADIPOQ rs1501299 and rs224176. Combined donor/recipient genetic scores were created to investigate associations with delayed graft function (DGF), graft loss and estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR). Results Recipients whose donors carried variant alleles of LEPR rs1137100 and rs1137101 had lower risk of DGF [OR = 0.48 (0.24–0.97), p = 0.040] and [OR = 0.47 (0.23–0.95), p = 0.035], respectively. In addition, rs1137101 also showed an inverse association with lower incidence of graft loss [OR = 0.44 (0.31–0.97), p = 0.040]. The analysis of genetic scores of donor/recipients showed that again rs1137101 was inversely associated with both outcomes: OR = 0.46 (0.23–0.92), p = 0.029 and OR = 0.45 (0.11–0.81), p = 0.009, respectively. With regard to graft function, the T-allele of ADIPOQ rs1501299 in the donor was related to higher eGFR values (75.26 ± 29.01 vs. 67.34 ± 25.39 ml/min for wild-type grafts, p = 0.012). Higher combined genetic scores in this same polymorphism were also associated with better function (78.33 ± 31.87 vs. 68.25 ± 24.32 ml/min, p = 0.018). Finally, eGFR values were similar between paired kidneys but they were different when comparing grafts with or without the rs1501299 T-variant (77.87 ± 26.50 vs. 69.27 ± 26.73 ml/min, p = 0.016). Conclusions Our study has shown for the first time to our knowledge that variants in LEPR and ADIPOQ genes of the donors and/or their combination with those in the recipients may affect the outcome of renal transplantation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sonia Mota-Zamorano
- Department of Medical and Surgical Therapeutics, Division of Pharmacology, Medical School, University of Extremadura, Badajoz, Spain
| | - Enrique Luna
- Service of Nephrology, Badajoz University Hospital, Badajoz, Spain
| | | | - Luz M. González
- Department of Medical and Surgical Therapeutics, Division of Pharmacology, Medical School, University of Extremadura, Badajoz, Spain
| | - Guillermo Gervasini
- Department of Medical and Surgical Therapeutics, Division of Pharmacology, Medical School, University of Extremadura, Badajoz, Spain
- Corresponding author at: Department of Medical and Surgical Therapeutics, Division of Pharmacology, Medical School, University of Extremadura, Av. Elvas s/n 06071, Badajoz, Spain.
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15
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Hua Y, Herder C, Kalhoff H, Buyken AE, Esche J, Krupp D, Wudy SA, Remer T. Inflammatory mediators in the adipo-renal axis: leptin, adiponectin, and soluble ICAM-1. Am J Physiol Renal Physiol 2020; 319:F469-F475. [PMID: 32744085 DOI: 10.1152/ajprenal.00257.2020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
A lower 24-h urine pH (24h-pH), i.e., a higher renal excretion of free protons, at a given acid load to the body, denotes a reduction in the kidney's capacity for net acid excretion (NAE). There is increasing evidence, not only for patients with type 2 diabetes but also for healthy individuals, that higher body fatness or waist circumference (WC) has a negative impact on renal function to excrete acids (NAE). We hypothesized that adiposity-related inflammation molecules might mediate this relation between adiposity and renal acid excretion function. Twelve biomarkers of inflammation were measured in fasting blood samples from 162 adult participants (18-25 yr old) of the Dortmund Nutritional and Anthropometric Longitudinally Designed (DONALD) study who had undergone anthropometric measurements and collected 24-h urine samples. Both Baron and Kenny's (B&K's) steps to test mediation and causal mediation analysis were conducted to examine the potential mediatory roles of biomarkers of inflammation in the WC-24-h pH relationship after strictly controlling for laboratory-measured NAE. In B&K's mediation analysis, leptin, soluble intercellular adhesion molecule 1 (sICAM-1), and adiponectin significantly associated with the outcome 24-h pH and attenuated the WC-pH relation. In agreement herewith, causal mediation analysis estimated the "natural indirect effects" of WC on 24-h pH via leptin (P = 0.01) and adiponectin (P = 0.03) to be significant, with a trend for sICAM-1 (P = 0.09). The calculated proportions mediated by leptin, adiponectin, and sICAM-1 were 64%, 23%, and 12%, respectively. Both mediation analyses identified an inflammatory cytokine (leptin) and an anti-inflammatory cytokine (adiponectin) along with sICAM-1 as being potentially involved in mediating adiposity-related influences on renal acid excretion capacity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yifan Hua
- DONALD Study Center, Department of Nutritional Epidemiology, Institute of Nutrition and Food Science, University of Bonn, Dortmund, Germany
| | - Christian Herder
- Institute for Clinical Diabetology, German Diabetes Center, Leibniz Center for Diabetes Research, Heinrich-Heine University Düsseldorf, Germany.,German Center for Diabetes Research, München-Neuherberg, Germany.,Division of Endocrinology and Diabetology, Medical Faculty, Heinrich Heine University, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | | | - Anette E Buyken
- Department of Sports and Health, Institute of Nutrition, Consumption and Health, University of Paderborn, Paderborn Germany
| | - Jonas Esche
- DONALD Study Center, Department of Nutritional Epidemiology, Institute of Nutrition and Food Science, University of Bonn, Dortmund, Germany
| | - Danika Krupp
- DONALD Study Center, Department of Nutritional Epidemiology, Institute of Nutrition and Food Science, University of Bonn, Dortmund, Germany
| | - Stefan A Wudy
- Laboratory for Translational Hormone Analysis in Pediatric Endocrinology, Center of Child and Adolescent Medicine, Justus Liebig University, Giessen, Germany
| | - Thomas Remer
- DONALD Study Center, Department of Nutritional Epidemiology, Institute of Nutrition and Food Science, University of Bonn, Dortmund, Germany
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16
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Lee CH, Lui DTW, Cheung CYY, Fong CHY, Yuen MMA, Chow WS, Woo YC, Xu A, Lam KSL. Higher Circulating Adiponectin Concentrations Predict Incident Cancer in Type 2 Diabetes - The Adiponectin Paradox. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2020; 105:5740218. [PMID: 32072163 DOI: 10.1210/clinem/dgaa075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2019] [Accepted: 02/18/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Despite the beneficial cardiometabolic effects of adiponectin demonstrated in preclinical studies, paradoxically higher circulating adiponectin concentrations have been found in epidemiological studies to be associated with incident cardiovascular events, renal outcomes, and mortality in patients with diabetes. On the other hand, diabetes is also associated with an increased risk of cancer. Here, we investigated prospectively the association between circulating adiponectin concentrations and incident cancer using a cohort of exclusively individuals with type 2 diabetes. MATERIALS AND METHODS Baseline serum adiponectin concentrations were measured in 5658 participants recruited from the Hong Kong West Diabetes Registry. The associations of circulating adiponectin concentrations with incident cancer and cancer-related deaths were evaluated using multivariable Cox regression analysis, with hazard ratio (HR) for adiponectin referring to the respective risk per doubling of serum adiponectin concentration. RESULTS Over a median-follow up of 6.5 years, 7.53% and 3% of participants developed cancer and had cancer-related deaths, respectively. Serum adiponectin concentrations were significantly higher in those who had incident cancer (9.8 μg/mL vs 9.1 μg/mL, P < 0.001) and cancer-related deaths (11.5 μg/mL vs 9.3 μg/mL, P < 0.001) compared with those without. Moreover, in multivariable analyses, serum adiponectin concentration was independently associated with both incident cancer (hazard ratio, 1.19; 95% confidence interval, 1.05-1.35; P = 0.006) and cancer-related deaths (hazard ratio, 1.23; 95% confidence interval, 1.03-1.47; P = 0.024). CONCLUSIONS Higher serum adiponectin concentration was independently associated with incident cancer and cancer-related deaths in type 2 diabetes, indicating that adiponectin paradox can be observed in another major diabetic complication in addition to cardiovascular and kidney diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chi Ho Lee
- Department of Medicine, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR
- Research Center of Heart, Brain, Hormone and Healthy Aging, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR
| | - David T W Lui
- Department of Medicine, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR
| | | | - Carol H Y Fong
- Department of Medicine, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR
| | | | - Wing Sun Chow
- Department of Medicine, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR
| | - Yu Cho Woo
- Department of Medicine, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR
| | - Aimin Xu
- Department of Medicine, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR
- Research Center of Heart, Brain, Hormone and Healthy Aging, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR
| | - Karen S L Lam
- Department of Medicine, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR
- Research Center of Heart, Brain, Hormone and Healthy Aging, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR
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17
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Hebbar P, Abu-Farha M, Mohammad A, Alkayal F, Melhem M, Abubaker J, Al-Mulla F, Thanaraj TA. FTO Variant rs1421085 Associates With Increased Body Weight, Soft Lean Mass, and Total Body Water Through Interaction With Ghrelin and Apolipoproteins in Arab Population. Front Genet 2020; 10:1411. [PMID: 32076432 PMCID: PMC7006511 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2019.01411] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2019] [Accepted: 12/31/2019] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Association studies have implicated single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs), particularly rs1421085, from the fat mass and obesity-associated (FTO) gene with body composition phenotypes, obesity, dietary intake, and physical activity in European, East Asian, and African populations. However, the impact of the rs1421085 variant has not been sufficiently tested in ethnic populations (such as Arabs) with high levels of obesity. Further, there is a lack of studies identifying biomarkers that interact with FTO. Therefore, we investigated the association of rs1421085 with obesity and body composition traits and metabolic biomarkers in Arab population. We genotyped rs1421085 SNP in 278 Arab individuals, where multiple biomarkers relating to obesity, inflammation, and other metabolic pathways were quantified. We performed genetic association tests under additive mode of inheritance using linear regression models and found association of rs1421085_C allele with higher levels of body weight, soft lean mass (SLM), and total body water. Examination (using linear regression models under dominant mode of inheritance) of correlation among biomarkers and interaction with genotypes at the variant revealed that measures of these three body composition traits were found mediated by interaction between carrier genotypes (TC+CC) and measures of ghrelin, ApoA1, and ApoB48. Lean body mass (LBM), to which SLM contributes, is an important determinant of physical strength and is a focal point in studies on sarcopenia. Low LBM is known to be associated with higher risk of cardiometabolic disorders. Thus, the finding on the FTO variant as a genetic determinant of SLM via interaction with ghrelin, ApoA1, and ApoB48 is important.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Anwar Mohammad
- Research Division, Dasman Diabetes Institute, Dasman, Kuwait
| | - Fadi Alkayal
- Research Division, Dasman Diabetes Institute, Dasman, Kuwait
| | - Motasem Melhem
- Research Division, Dasman Diabetes Institute, Dasman, Kuwait
| | - Jehad Abubaker
- Research Division, Dasman Diabetes Institute, Dasman, Kuwait
| | - Fahd Al-Mulla
- Research Division, Dasman Diabetes Institute, Dasman, Kuwait
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