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Reyes-Márquez A, Sedeño-Díaz JE, Aguíñiga-García S, Austria-Ortíz GM, López-López E. Health risk assessment by consumption of commercial biota contaminated with heavy metals in Tampamachoco coastal lagoon, Gulf of Mexico. MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN 2024; 206:116757. [PMID: 39059224 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2024.116757] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2024] [Revised: 07/16/2024] [Accepted: 07/20/2024] [Indexed: 07/28/2024]
Abstract
Metal pollution is a significant environmental and health problem in aquatic ecosystems worldwide, particularly in coastal systems impacted by emissions from thermoelectric plants, as is the case of the Tampamachoco lagoon. To evaluate the seasonal contamination levels of Cd, Pb, Cr, and Cu in species of commercial interest in the Tampamachoco lagoon and estimate the health risk associated with their consumption, a total of 180 fish, 90 oysters (Crassostrea virginica), 27 crabs (Callinectes sapidus), and 24 shrimp (Litopenaeus setiferus) were sampled. Metal concentrations in the species analyzed were Cu > Pb > Cr > Cd. According to the Target Hazard Quotient and the health risk index, consumption of the marine species examined should be considered safe for human health, as both values are <1. However, Carcinogenic risk values for Pb and Cr indicated that consumers may be at risk of cancer (10-3), due to exposure from the thermoelectric emissions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alejandra Reyes-Márquez
- Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Escuela Nacional de Ciencias Biológicas, Prol. de Carpio y Plan de Ayala s/n Col. Santo Tomás, C.P. 11340 Ciudad de México, Mexico
| | - Jacinto Elías Sedeño-Díaz
- Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Coordinación Politécnica para la Sustentabilidad, C.P. 07738 Ciudad de México, Mexico
| | - Sergio Aguíñiga-García
- Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Centro Interdisciplinario de Ciencias Marinas, Avenida Politécnico Nacional s/n Col. Playa Palo de Santa Rita, C.P. 592, La Paz, BCS 23096, Mexico
| | - Guadalupe M Austria-Ortíz
- Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Escuela Nacional de Ciencias Biológicas, Prol. de Carpio y Plan de Ayala s/n Col. Santo Tomás, C.P. 11340 Ciudad de México, Mexico
| | - Eugenia López-López
- Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Escuela Nacional de Ciencias Biológicas, Prol. de Carpio y Plan de Ayala s/n Col. Santo Tomás, C.P. 11340 Ciudad de México, Mexico.
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Zhang Y, Yang J, Peng L, Liao E, Wang H. Behavior of Spoilage Bacterial Communities in Different Cuts of Enshi Black Pork under Refrigerated Storage (4 °C). Foods 2024; 13:2081. [PMID: 38998587 PMCID: PMC11241765 DOI: 10.3390/foods13132081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2024] [Revised: 06/15/2024] [Accepted: 06/24/2024] [Indexed: 07/14/2024] Open
Abstract
The Enshi black pig is a Chinese native breed known for its rich nutrition content and high quality, which has notable traction in the consumer market. In this study, the potential impact of the main commercial cuts from Enshi black pork carcasses (ham, loin, and belly) on the bacteria community of spoiled meat under refrigerated storage (4 °C) was assessed by using a high-throughput sequencing method. Moreover, the spoilage potential of isolated strains from spoiled pork was investigated. The results demonstrated significant differences (p < 0.05) in bacterial community diversity and composition among spoiled ham, loin, and belly samples. Linear discriminant analysis effect size (LEfSe) analysis revealed a total of 20 significantly different potential bacterial biomarkers, with the dominant genera of Pseudomonas, Psychrobacter, Shewanella and Carnobacterium. Additionally, C. divergens THT1-5, isolated from spoiled ham samples, displayed cold adaptation and higher spoilage potential in Enshi black pork. These findings are helpful for identifying key factors contributing to spoilage in Enshi black pork and developing strategies to inhibit bacterial growth during preservation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Zhang
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Wuhan Polytechnic University, Wuhan 430023, China
- Key Laboratory for Processing and Transformation of Agricultural Products, Wuhan Polytechnic University, Wuhan 430023, China
| | - Jiang Yang
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Wuhan Polytechnic University, Wuhan 430023, China
| | - Lijuan Peng
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Wuhan Polytechnic University, Wuhan 430023, China
- Key Laboratory for Processing and Transformation of Agricultural Products, Wuhan Polytechnic University, Wuhan 430023, China
| | - E Liao
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Wuhan Polytechnic University, Wuhan 430023, China
- Key Laboratory for Processing and Transformation of Agricultural Products, Wuhan Polytechnic University, Wuhan 430023, China
| | - Haibin Wang
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Wuhan Polytechnic University, Wuhan 430023, China
- Key Laboratory for Processing and Transformation of Agricultural Products, Wuhan Polytechnic University, Wuhan 430023, China
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Elbarbary NK, Morshdy AEM, Ghania AA, Ali MA, Abdelhaseib M, Malak NM, Gomaa RA. Chemical properties indices for nutritional quality evaluation of Nasser Lake fish, Aswan, Egypt. Open Vet J 2024; 14:1403-1416. [PMID: 39055768 PMCID: PMC11268908 DOI: 10.5455/ovj.2024.v14.i6.8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2024] [Accepted: 05/05/2024] [Indexed: 07/27/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Fish is considered an important food because it includes main nutrients (proteins, fats, and ash) and micronutrients (vitamins and minerals). The assessment of fish nutritional content data may offer crucial recommendations regarding freshwater fish consumption and preserving human well-being. Aim Evaluate the safety and quality properties of Nasser Lake fish, Aswan, Egypt. Methods A total of 250 samples, 50 of each Nile tilapia, Nile perch, Zander, Catfish, and Elephant-snout, from Nasser Lake, Aswan, Egypt; beheaded, eviscerated, filleted, and minced for determination of proximate analysis, amino acid, fatty acids (FAs), minerals and heavy metal, histamine content, cholesterol content, and sensory assessment. Results The proximate analysis showed that all the samples examined were of good protein sources, with mean values ranging from 15.92% to 22.89%. Nile perch exhibits the highest levels of total FAs and amino acids. Heavy metal concentrations varied considerably among the analyzed samples, with a significant variance in the detection of metals among the examined fish. The findings show low histamine and cholesterol levels in the examined species, and were in accordance with those set by the National Food Safety Authority (NFSA) and the European Union Commission (EC). Accordingly, all samples are accepted based on their sensory properties. Conclusion Nasser Lake fish are of high nutritional value and have an excellent supply of amino and FAs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nady Khairy Elbarbary
- Food Hygiene and Control Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Aswan University, Aswan, Egypt
| | - Alaa Eldin M.A. Morshdy
- Department of Food Hygiene, Safety and Technology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt
| | - Ali A. Ghania
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Tripoli, Tripoli, Libya
| | - Marwa A. Ali
- Microbiology and Immunology Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Aswan University, Aswan, Egypt
| | - Maha Abdelhaseib
- Department of Food Hygiene, Safety and Technology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Assiut University, Assiut, Egypt
| | - Nermeen M.L. Malak
- Food Hygiene and Control Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Cairo University, Cairo, Giza, Egypt
| | - Reda A. Gomaa
- Food Science and Technology Department, Faculty of Agriculture and Natural Resources, Aswan University, Aswan, Egypt
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Lopes D, Rey F, Gomes A, Duarte L, Pereira J, Pinho M, Melo T, Domingues R. Tracing the Impact of Domestic Storage Conditions on Antioxidant Activity and Lipid Profiles in the Edible Microalgae Chlorella vulgaris and Tetraselmis chui. Mar Drugs 2024; 22:254. [PMID: 38921565 PMCID: PMC11205134 DOI: 10.3390/md22060254] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2024] [Revised: 05/21/2024] [Accepted: 05/24/2024] [Indexed: 06/27/2024] Open
Abstract
The microalgae Chlorella vulgaris and Tetraselmis chui are valued for their nutrient-rich content, including lipids and polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA). However, little is known about how storage and processing affect their lipid quality. This study aimed to assess the impact of domestic storage and cooking practices in dried biomass of C. vulgaris and T. chui. Four conditions were tested: control (newly opened package), light (storage at room temperature and daily light regimen for three weeks), frozen (storage in the freezer at -20 °C for three weeks), and heated (three cycles of 90 min at 100 °C). Lipid extracts were analyzed by GC-MS and LC-MS, and antioxidant activity through DPPH and ABTS radical scavenging assays. Tested storage conditions promoted a decrease in fatty acid content and in diacyl/lyso lipid species ratios of phospholipid (PC/LPC, PE/LPE) and betaine lipids (DGTS/MGTS). Lipid extracts from light treatment showed the lowest antioxidant activity in C. vulgaris (ABTS, IC40: 104.9; DPPH, IC20: 187.9 ± 15.0), while heat affected the antioxidant activity of T. chui (ABTS, IC40: 88.5 ± 2.8; DPPH, IC20 209.4 ± 10.9). These findings underscore the impact of managing storage and processing conditions to optimize the nutritional and functional benefits of C. vulgaris and T. chui in food and feed applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diana Lopes
- Centre for Environmental and Marine Studies (CESAM), Department of Chemistry, Campus Universitário de Santiago, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
- Mass Spectrometry Centre & Associated Laboratory for Green Chemistry of the Network of Chemistry and Technology (LAQV-REQUIMTE), Department of Chemistry, Campus Universitário de Santiago, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Felisa Rey
- Centre for Environmental and Marine Studies (CESAM), Department of Chemistry, Campus Universitário de Santiago, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
- Mass Spectrometry Centre & Associated Laboratory for Green Chemistry of the Network of Chemistry and Technology (LAQV-REQUIMTE), Department of Chemistry, Campus Universitário de Santiago, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Alexandrina Gomes
- Mass Spectrometry Centre & Associated Laboratory for Green Chemistry of the Network of Chemistry and Technology (LAQV-REQUIMTE), Department of Chemistry, Campus Universitário de Santiago, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Luís Duarte
- Mass Spectrometry Centre & Associated Laboratory for Green Chemistry of the Network of Chemistry and Technology (LAQV-REQUIMTE), Department of Chemistry, Campus Universitário de Santiago, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
| | - João Pereira
- Centre for Environmental and Marine Studies (CESAM), Department of Chemistry, Campus Universitário de Santiago, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Marisa Pinho
- Centre for Environmental and Marine Studies (CESAM), Department of Chemistry, Campus Universitário de Santiago, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Tânia Melo
- Centre for Environmental and Marine Studies (CESAM), Department of Chemistry, Campus Universitário de Santiago, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
- Mass Spectrometry Centre & Associated Laboratory for Green Chemistry of the Network of Chemistry and Technology (LAQV-REQUIMTE), Department of Chemistry, Campus Universitário de Santiago, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Rosário Domingues
- Centre for Environmental and Marine Studies (CESAM), Department of Chemistry, Campus Universitário de Santiago, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
- Mass Spectrometry Centre & Associated Laboratory for Green Chemistry of the Network of Chemistry and Technology (LAQV-REQUIMTE), Department of Chemistry, Campus Universitário de Santiago, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
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Suyani NK, Rajesh M, Mohan CO, Rajesh KM, Sasikala R, Kishore P. Fatty Acid Profile and Mineral Composition of Red-Toothed Triggerfish (Odonus niger) Landed in Karnataka, Southeastern Arabian Sea. Biol Trace Elem Res 2024; 202:1224-1234. [PMID: 37391554 DOI: 10.1007/s12011-023-03741-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2023] [Accepted: 06/19/2023] [Indexed: 07/02/2023]
Abstract
The seasonal and sex-wise variations in fatty acid and mineral composition in the tissue of Odonus niger collected from the Karnataka coast, southeastern Arabian Sea, were evaluated for the first time. The fatty acid profile was assessed using gas chromatography, nutritional indices were employed to evaluate lipid quality, and standard methods were utilized to estimate mineral composition and heavy metals. Palmitic acid (20.2-45.9%), oleic acid (10.0-19.2%), and docosahexaenoic acid (10.9-36.7%) were found in the highest proportions. The amount of ω3 fatty acids was significantly higher than ω6 fatty acids indicating the healthiest food fish and a promising source for nutrient supplementation. The P/S (PUFA/SFA) and ω3/ω6 ratios of the species were greater than those recommended by the UK Dept. of Health. Index of atherogenicity (IA) and thrombogenicity (IT) was low, and hypocholesterolemic to the hypercholesterolemic ratio (HH), unsaturation index (UI), health-promoting index (HPI), fish lipid quality (FLQ), and polyene index (PI) were high. The relationship between the quantities of macronutrients and trace elements was calculated as K > P > Na > Mg > Ca and B > Fe > Zn > Ga > Al respectively. Heavy metals like Be, Bi, Co, and Hg were found below the detection level. Benefit-risk ratio value indicates that the species is safe for consumption.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nitin Kanji Suyani
- Department of Fisheries Resources and Management, College of Fisheries, Karnataka Veterinary, Animal and Fisheries Sciences University, Kankanady, Mangaluru, 575002, Karnataka, India
| | - Mridula Rajesh
- Department of Fisheries Resources and Management, College of Fisheries, Karnataka Veterinary, Animal and Fisheries Sciences University, Kankanady, Mangaluru, 575002, Karnataka, India.
| | - Chitradurga Obaiah Mohan
- ICAR-Central Institute of Fisheries Technology (Indian Council of Agricultural Research), CIFT Junction, Willingdon Island, Matsyapuri, Kochi, 682029, Kerala, India
| | - Kothanahally Mallegowda Rajesh
- ICAR-Central Marine Fisheries Research Institute, Mangalore Research Centre, Post Box No. 224, Hoige Bazar, Mangaluru, 575001, Karnataka, India
| | - Remya Sasikala
- ICAR-Central Institute of Fisheries Technology (Indian Council of Agricultural Research), CIFT Junction, Willingdon Island, Matsyapuri, Kochi, 682029, Kerala, India
| | - Pankaj Kishore
- ICAR-Central Institute of Fisheries Technology (Indian Council of Agricultural Research), CIFT Junction, Willingdon Island, Matsyapuri, Kochi, 682029, Kerala, India
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Xie Q, Liu F, Zhang X, Wu Y. Fatty acids and organohalogen contaminants in seafood from the Pearl River Estuary, China: Risk-benefit analyses of seafood consumption. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2023; 900:165725. [PMID: 37495134 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.165725] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2023] [Revised: 07/20/2023] [Accepted: 07/20/2023] [Indexed: 07/28/2023]
Abstract
Seafood has long been considered a healthy food choice, but it is also an exposure source of contaminants that may bring potential health risks to humans. Here, 80 organohalogen contaminants (OHCs) and 36 fatty acids (FAs) were analyzed in 22 (n = 211) and 19 fishery species (n = 176) from the eastern- and western Pearl River Estuary (PRE), respectively, for risk-benefit analysis. The average concentrations of total FAs in seafood from the eastern- and western PRE were 26.0 ± 2.14 and 21.3 ± 1.66 mg g-1 wet weight, respectively. Seafood from the eastern PRE exhibited higher levels of OHCs than those from the western PRE, highlighting the spatial heterogeneity of OHC contamination within the PRE. Species occupying higher trophic levels (TLs) typically demonstrated higher levels of OHC accumulation, indicating the biomagnification potential of these contaminants in the PRE ecosystem. Significant negative correlations were observed between TLs and the proportions of monounsaturated fatty acids and polyunsaturated fatty acids, presumably attributed to the ability of fish to synthesize these FAs decreases with increasing TLs. Our benefit-risk quotient (BRQ) analyses revealed that, as far as OHCs are concerned, all seafood species had a BRQ∑OHCs value <1, except for one-spot snapper and daggertooth pike conger, which had BRQ values of 1.03 and 1.14, respectively. The findings indicate that most marine species here analyzed may not pose significant health risks to consumers as a result of OHC exposure. However, considering that many other pollutants and nutrients are not analyzed here, the results of our risk assessments should be treated as preliminary, not final. Future data collection is essential to enhance the comprehensiveness of this type of analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiang Xie
- School of Marine Sciences, Zhuhai Key Laboratory of Marine Bioresources and Environment, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Marine Resources and Coastal Engineering, Pearl River Estuary Marine Ecosystem Research Station, Ministry of Education, Sun Yat-sen University, Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Zhuhai), Zhuhai 519082, China; State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China
| | - Fei Liu
- School of Marine Sciences, Zhuhai Key Laboratory of Marine Bioresources and Environment, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Marine Resources and Coastal Engineering, Pearl River Estuary Marine Ecosystem Research Station, Ministry of Education, Sun Yat-sen University, Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Zhuhai), Zhuhai 519082, China
| | - Xiyang Zhang
- School of Marine Sciences, Zhuhai Key Laboratory of Marine Bioresources and Environment, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Marine Resources and Coastal Engineering, Pearl River Estuary Marine Ecosystem Research Station, Ministry of Education, Sun Yat-sen University, Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Zhuhai), Zhuhai 519082, China.
| | - Yuping Wu
- School of Marine Sciences, Zhuhai Key Laboratory of Marine Bioresources and Environment, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Marine Resources and Coastal Engineering, Pearl River Estuary Marine Ecosystem Research Station, Ministry of Education, Sun Yat-sen University, Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Zhuhai), Zhuhai 519082, China.
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Kaur N, Brraich OS. Detrimental influence of industrial effluents, especially heavy metals, on limnological parameters of water and nutritional profile in addition to enzymatic activities of fish, Sperata seenghala (Sykes, 1839) from diverse Ramsar sites, India (Punjab). ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING AND ASSESSMENT 2023; 195:1012. [PMID: 37526774 DOI: 10.1007/s10661-023-11600-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2023] [Accepted: 07/11/2023] [Indexed: 08/02/2023]
Abstract
The present research was designed to determine the nutritive value of the liver and intestine of fish, Sperata seenghala, the impact of effluence load on limnological parameters of water and proximate composition of fish organs, especially on fatty acids, liver enzymatic activities, seasonal variations in the nutritional profile of fish, and to check and compare the pollution status of Ramsar sites in Punjab by calculating the water quality index, heavy metal pollution index, and metal index from June 2018 to August 2020. WQI of Harike wetland was found to be 53.95, which depicts that water quality in this region is "poor". At Nangal wetland, water quality index was reported to be "excellent" quality water and fit for the whole ecological unit. Overall heavy metal pollution index for Harike wetland was reported 174.569, whereas for Nangal wetland it was 5.994, depicting massive contaminant loads in a polluted region. MI value was also recorded as being higher (6.9336) in polluted habitat than in control habitat (0.8175). In fish liver, significant (p < 0.05) higher mean total lipids (6.73%), total proteins (3.98%), moisture (77.69%), ash (3.56%), and carbohydrates (3.79%) were observed in the samples from Nangal wetland than Harike wetland. A similar trend was reported in all biochemical contents of the fish intestine. Enzyme activities such as aspartate-aminotransferase and alanine-aminotransferase were significantly elevated (p < 0.05) in the specimens collected from the polluted region. The mean total n-3 (except in spring), n-6 polyunsaturated fatty acids (except in winter), and average monounsaturated and saturated fatty acids diminished significantly (p < 0.05) in the liver of fish from contaminated habitat than control site. In the intestine of fish collected from the polluted region, significant reductions in the mean total n-3 (except in autumn as well as summer), total n-6 PUFAs (in autumn and winter), and total SFAs were reported than control site.
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Affiliation(s)
- Navpreet Kaur
- Department of Zoology and Environmental Sciences, Punjabi University, Patiala, Punjab, 147002, India.
- Department of Zoology and Environmental Sciences, Punjabi University, Patiala, Punjab, 147002, India.
| | - Onkar Singh Brraich
- Department of Zoology and Environmental Sciences, Punjabi University, Patiala, Punjab, 147002, India
- Department of Zoology and Environmental Sciences, Punjabi University, Patiala, Punjab, 147002, India
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Liu F, Xie Q, Yu RQ, Xie Z, Wu J, Zhang X, Wu Y. Fatty acids as bioindicators of organohalogen exposure in marine fish from a highly polluted estuary: First insight into small-scale regional differences. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2023; 452:131337. [PMID: 37023572 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2023.131337] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2022] [Revised: 03/11/2023] [Accepted: 03/30/2023] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
Increasing evidence has revealed the lipid-disrupting effects of organic contaminants on aquatic organisms, raising attention about the efficacy of fatty acids (FAs) as bioindicator of contaminant exposure on marine organisms. Here, we investigated the concentrations of 55 organohalogen contaminants (OHCs), 35 FAs, and their correlations in 15 marine fish species (n = 274) from the estuary outlets of the west four region (WFR) and Lingdingyang (LDY) waters in the Pearl River Estuary (PRE), respectively. Despite the similar OHC profiles, significantly higher concentrations of ∑55OHCs were detected in fish from the LDY than those in the WFR. However, FAs in the LDY fish generally contained lower proportions of polyunsaturated fatty acids than in the WFR fish. A total of 148 and 221 significant correlations between OHCs and FAs were observed in fish samples from the LDY and WFR, respectively, supporting that FAs could be efficient bioindicators of OHC stress in marine fish. However, the low overlaps (14/369) of OHC-FA correlations in fish from the two regions suggested that the bioindicators of OHCs might have spatial heterogeneity. Our results highlighted that FAs likely act as potential bioindicators of OHCs in marine fish, while the regional-specific characteristic of the bioindicators should be considered.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fei Liu
- School of Marine Sciences, Zhuhai Key Laboratory of Marine Bioresources and Environment, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Marine Resources and Coastal Engineering, Pearl River Estuary Marine Ecosystem Research Station, Ministry of Education, Sun Yat-Sen University, Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Zhuhai), Zhuhai 519082, China
| | - Qiang Xie
- School of Marine Sciences, Zhuhai Key Laboratory of Marine Bioresources and Environment, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Marine Resources and Coastal Engineering, Pearl River Estuary Marine Ecosystem Research Station, Ministry of Education, Sun Yat-Sen University, Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Zhuhai), Zhuhai 519082, China
| | - Ri-Qing Yu
- Department of Biology, Center for Environment, Biodiversity and Conservation, The University of Texas at Tyler, Tyler, TX, United States
| | - Zhenhui Xie
- School of Marine Sciences, Zhuhai Key Laboratory of Marine Bioresources and Environment, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Marine Resources and Coastal Engineering, Pearl River Estuary Marine Ecosystem Research Station, Ministry of Education, Sun Yat-Sen University, Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Zhuhai), Zhuhai 519082, China
| | - Jiaxue Wu
- School of Marine Sciences, Zhuhai Key Laboratory of Marine Bioresources and Environment, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Marine Resources and Coastal Engineering, Pearl River Estuary Marine Ecosystem Research Station, Ministry of Education, Sun Yat-Sen University, Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Zhuhai), Zhuhai 519082, China
| | - Xiyang Zhang
- School of Marine Sciences, Zhuhai Key Laboratory of Marine Bioresources and Environment, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Marine Resources and Coastal Engineering, Pearl River Estuary Marine Ecosystem Research Station, Ministry of Education, Sun Yat-Sen University, Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Zhuhai), Zhuhai 519082, China.
| | - Yuping Wu
- School of Marine Sciences, Zhuhai Key Laboratory of Marine Bioresources and Environment, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Marine Resources and Coastal Engineering, Pearl River Estuary Marine Ecosystem Research Station, Ministry of Education, Sun Yat-Sen University, Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Zhuhai), Zhuhai 519082, China.
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Gharavi-Nakhjavani MS, Niazi A, Hosseini H, Aminzare M, Dizaji R, Tajdar-Oranj B, Mirza Alizadeh A. Malachite green and leucomalachite green in fish: a global systematic review and meta-analysis. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2023; 30:48911-48927. [PMID: 36920616 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-023-26372-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2022] [Accepted: 03/06/2023] [Indexed: 04/16/2023]
Abstract
Malachite green (MG), an antibiotic with antifungal activity, is illegally used in aquaculture. Given that this chemical is teratogenic and mutagenic, abstinence from intake seems to be a need for public safety. The goal of this systematic review and meta-analysis was to determine the global contamination of fishes by MG and its reduced metabolite, leucomalachite green (LMG), in a number of marine and farmed fish species. For literature published prior to January 2022, several databases (Web of Science, PubMed, and Scopus) were investigated. In total, 20 publications (10 countries, 724 samples) achieved the criteria for inclusion. The overall average MG and LMG concentrations were 0.48 (95% CI: 0.47, 0.49 µg kg-1) and 0.59 (95% CI: 0.39, 0.79 µg/kg-1), respectively. Eel (M. albus) 15.50 (95% CI: (14.39, 45.39 µg kg-1) and eel (A. anguilla) 4.46 (95% CI: 1.23, 7.69 µg kg-1) had the greatest contamination of MG and LMG, according to the effect size, respectively. Warm-water fish had a concentration of 2.591 (95% CI: 2.25, 2.93 µg kg-1) while cold-water fish had a concentration of 1.55 (95% CI: 0.25, 2.84 µg kg-1). Fish containing medium-fat level of 1.86 (95% CI: 1.27, 2.44 µg kg-1) and high-fat content of 1.10 (95% CI: 0.93, 1.26 µg kg-1) had accumulate MG and LMG in their tissues, respectively. As a result, total MG observed in countries including China, Iran, and the Netherlands was higher than authorized (2 µg kg-1). The toxicity of MG and LMG demands more monitoring, especially in countries where these chemicals' residues are significant.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Ali Niazi
- Department of Chemistry, Central Tehran Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Hedayat Hosseini
- Department of Food Science and Technology, National Nutrition and Food Technology Research Institute, Faculty of Nutrition Science and Food Technology, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Food Safety Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Majid Aminzare
- Department of Food Safety and Hygiene, School of Public Health, Zanjan University of Medical Sciences, Zanjan, Iran
| | - Rana Dizaji
- Department of Food Safety and Hygiene, School of Public Health, Zanjan University of Medical Sciences, Zanjan, Iran
| | - Behrouz Tajdar-Oranj
- Food and Drug Administration, Iran Ministry of Health and Medical Education, Tehran, Iran
| | - Adel Mirza Alizadeh
- Social Determinants of Health Research Center, Zanjan University of Medical Sciences, Zanjan, Iran.
- Department of Food Safety and Hygiene, School of Public Health, Zanjan University of Medical Sciences, Zanjan, Iran.
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10
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Tommonaro G, Paris D, Guerriero G, Majdoubi FZ, Grieco G, Iodice C, Caso L, Ouizgane A, El Moujtahid A, El Ghizi S, Bousseba M, Hasnaoui M, Iodice A, Tramice A. Fatty Acids in Waste Tissues: The Nutraceutical Value of Gonads and Livers from the Moroccan Hypophthalmichthys molitrix and Cyprinus carpio Fishes. Mar Drugs 2023; 21:md21030188. [PMID: 36976237 PMCID: PMC10059766 DOI: 10.3390/md21030188] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2023] [Revised: 03/13/2023] [Accepted: 03/15/2023] [Indexed: 03/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Fishes are an important component of human nutrition, mainly acting as source of essential fatty acids in the prevention of cardiovascular disorders. The increase in their consumption has led to a growth of fishes waste; therefore, the disposal and recycling of waste has become a key issue to address, in accordance with circular economy principles. The Moroccan Hypophthalmichthys molitrix and Cyprinus carpio fishes, living in freshwater and marine environments, were collected at mature and immature stages. The fatty acid (FA) profiles of liver and ovary tissues were investigated by GC-MS and compared with edible fillet tissues. The gonadosomatic index, the hypocholesterolemic/hypercholesterolemic ratio, and the atherogenicity and thrombogenicity indexes were measured. Polyunsaturated fatty acids were found to be abundant in the mature ovary and fillet of both species, with a polyunsaturated fatty acids/saturated fatty acids ratio ranging from 0.40 to 1.06 and a monounsaturated fatty acids/polyunsaturated fatty acids ratio between 0.64 and 1.84. Saturated fatty acids were found to be highly abundant in the liver and gonads of both species (range 30-54%), as well as monounsaturated fatty acids (range 35-58%). The results suggested that the exploitation of fish wastes, such as the liver and ovary, may represent a sustainable strategy for the achievement of high value-added molecules with nutraceutical potential.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giuseppina Tommonaro
- National Research Council-Institute of Biomolecular Chemistry CNR-ICB, 80078 Pozzuoli, Italy
| | - Debora Paris
- National Research Council-Institute of Biomolecular Chemistry CNR-ICB, 80078 Pozzuoli, Italy
| | - Giulia Guerriero
- Comparative Endocrinology Laboratories (EClab), Department of Biology, University of Naples Federico II, 80126 Naples, Italy
| | - Fatima-Zahra Majdoubi
- Environmental, Ecological and Agro-Industrial Engineering Laboratory (LGEEAI), Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences and Techniques, University of Sultan Moulay Slimane, Beni Mellal 23000, Morocco
| | - Gaetano Grieco
- Comparative Endocrinology Laboratories (EClab), Department of Biology, University of Naples Federico II, 80126 Naples, Italy
- Environmental, Ecological and Agro-Industrial Engineering Laboratory (LGEEAI), Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences and Techniques, University of Sultan Moulay Slimane, Beni Mellal 23000, Morocco
| | - Carmine Iodice
- National Research Council-Institute of Biomolecular Chemistry CNR-ICB, 80078 Pozzuoli, Italy
| | - Lucio Caso
- National Research Council-Institute of Biomolecular Chemistry CNR-ICB, 80078 Pozzuoli, Italy
| | - Anouar Ouizgane
- Environmental, Ecological and Agro-Industrial Engineering Laboratory (LGEEAI), Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences and Techniques, University of Sultan Moulay Slimane, Beni Mellal 23000, Morocco
| | - Aziz El Moujtahid
- Environmental, Ecological and Agro-Industrial Engineering Laboratory (LGEEAI), Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences and Techniques, University of Sultan Moulay Slimane, Beni Mellal 23000, Morocco
- Deraoua Fisheries Farm, National Hydrobiology and Fisheries Center, National Agency for Water and Forests, Rabat-Chellah 10002, Morocco
| | - Sara El Ghizi
- Environmental, Ecological and Agro-Industrial Engineering Laboratory (LGEEAI), Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences and Techniques, University of Sultan Moulay Slimane, Beni Mellal 23000, Morocco
| | - Meriem Bousseba
- Environmental, Ecological and Agro-Industrial Engineering Laboratory (LGEEAI), Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences and Techniques, University of Sultan Moulay Slimane, Beni Mellal 23000, Morocco
| | - Mustapha Hasnaoui
- Environmental, Ecological and Agro-Industrial Engineering Laboratory (LGEEAI), Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences and Techniques, University of Sultan Moulay Slimane, Beni Mellal 23000, Morocco
| | - Annalaura Iodice
- National Research Council-Institute of Biomolecular Chemistry CNR-ICB, 80078 Pozzuoli, Italy
| | - Annabella Tramice
- National Research Council-Institute of Biomolecular Chemistry CNR-ICB, 80078 Pozzuoli, Italy
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11
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Sroy S, Avallone S, Servent A, In S, Arnaud E. Does drying preserve the nutritional quality of small freshwater fish without excessive concentrations of heavy metals? Curr Res Food Sci 2023; 6:100489. [PMID: 37095831 PMCID: PMC10121635 DOI: 10.1016/j.crfs.2023.100489] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2022] [Revised: 03/17/2023] [Accepted: 03/20/2023] [Indexed: 03/30/2023] Open
Abstract
The potential of drying to preserve the nutritional quality of a small freshwater fish Henicorhynchus siamensis was assessed. Drying time to reach moisture content and water activity of 10 g/100g and 0.65 ranged from 55 h at 50 °C to 20 h at 80 °C, respectively. Dried fish powder is rich in macronutrients (protein, lipid and ash) and essential minerals (calcium, phosphorus, iron and zinc) due to water removal and despite lipid loss. It is still rich in polyunsaturated fatty acids although docosahexaenoic acid was reduced except at 60°C. Vitamin A was rapidly degraded and manganese was concentrated at high level. However, mean score for the nutritional adequacy of the 15 nutrients (SAIN) and score of nutrients to limit (LIM) show that the fish powder can be used as a food ingredient for example in the formulation of fish snack or instant soup. With the abundance of Henicorhynchus siamensis, dried fish powder from this species could contribute to food security in Cambodia, especially vulnerable people in rural areas.
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12
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Benefits of the microalgae Spirulina and Schizochytrium in fish nutrition: a meta-analysis. Sci Rep 2023; 13:2208. [PMID: 36750713 PMCID: PMC9905068 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-29183-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2022] [Accepted: 01/31/2023] [Indexed: 02/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Use of microalgae in fish nutrition can relieve pressure on wild fish stocks, but there is no systematic quantitative evaluation of microalgae benefits. We conducted a metanalysis on the nutritional benefits of Spirulina and Schizochytrium as replacements of fishmeal and fish or plant oil, respectively. We reviewed 50 peer-reviewed studies involving 26 finfish species and 144 control vs microalgae replacement comparisons. Inclusion of Spirulina in the fish diet significantly improved growth compared to controls (SMD = 1.21; 95% CI 0.71-1.70), while inclusion of Schizochytrium maintained the content of omega-3 PUFA of the fish fillet compared to fish fed on fish or plant oils (SMD = 0.62; 95% CI - 0.51-1.76). Benefits were apparent at replacement levels as low as 0.025% in the case of Spirulina and 10% in the case of Schizochytrium oil. Dose-dependent effects were found for Spirulina replacement on growth, but not for Schizochytrium on omega-3 fillet content. Subgroup analysis and meta-regression revealed that ~ 24-27% of variation in effect sizes can be accounted by variation between fish families, the rest likely reflecting variation in experimental conditions. Overall, the evidence indicates that Spirulina and Schizochytrium replacement in aquafeeds can be used to improve fish growth and maintain fillet quality, respectively, but considerable uncertainty exists on the predicted responses. To reduce uncertainty and facilitate the transition towards more sustainable aquafeeds, we recommend that feeding trials using microalgae are conducted under commercially relevant conditions and that greater care is taken to report full results to account for sources of heterogeneity.
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Łuczyńska J, Nowosad J, Łuczyński MJ, Kucharczyk D. Evaluation of Chemical Elements, Lipid Profiles, Nutritional Indices and Health Risk Assessment of European Eel ( Anguilla anguilla L.). INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2023; 20:ijerph20032257. [PMID: 36767625 PMCID: PMC9915919 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph20032257] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2022] [Revised: 01/20/2023] [Accepted: 01/23/2023] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
The concentrations of ten elements (K, Na, Ca, Mg, Zn, Fe, Hg, Cu, Mn, and Cd) and fatty acids were analyzed in muscles of the European eel (Anguilla anguilla Linnaeus, 1758). The eels were caught in freshwater lakes connected with the Sawica River (north-eastern Poland). On this basis, it was determined whether the consumption of the fish is beneficial and safe for the health of the consumer. The results showed that the metal concentrations followed this order: K > Na > Ca > Mg > Zn > Fe > Hg > Cu > Mn > Cd. The fatty acids gave rise to the following sequence: MUFAs > SFAs > n-3 PUFAs > n-6 PUFAs. The target hazard quotient (THQ) value was below 1.0. The hazard quotient for the benefit-risk ratio HQEFA (0.39) also was below one, indicating that the intake of the recommended dose of EPA + DHA (250 mg/day) and the intake of mercury (0.415 mg/kg) for a person weighing 70 kg does not pose an obvious risk for human health. The lipid quality indices were OFA: 24.69, DFA: 74.36, AI: 0.55, and TI: 0.41. Based on the above statements, the consumption of eel meat is safe from a health point of view. However, the levels of toxic metals in the muscles of eels and their environment should continue to be monitored, as eels occupy a high position in the food chain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joanna Łuczyńska
- Department of Commodity and Food Analysis, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, ul. Plac Cieszyński 1, 10-726 Olsztyn, Poland
| | - Joanna Nowosad
- Department of Ichthyology, Hydrobiology and Ecology of Waters, The Stanisław Sakowicz Inland Fisheries Institute in Olsztyn, ul. M. Oczapowskiego 10, 10-719 Olsztyn, Poland
- Department of Research and Development, ChemProf, 11-041 Olsztyn, Poland
| | - Marek Jan Łuczyński
- Department of Ichthyology, Hydrobiology and Ecology of Waters, The Stanisław Sakowicz Inland Fisheries Institute in Olsztyn, ul. M. Oczapowskiego 10, 10-719 Olsztyn, Poland
| | - Dariusz Kucharczyk
- Department of Research and Development, ChemProf, 11-041 Olsztyn, Poland
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14
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Utebekova G, Akhmetova N, Gurinovich G. The study of the nutritional and biological value of functional semi-finished fish products "fish balls". POTRAVINARSTVO 2023. [DOI: 10.5219/1828] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
In the context of the problem of the organization of high-quality nutrition for consumers, the ways of its solution by expanding the range of products based on raw fish materials are considered. The necessity of creating combined semi-finished products with adequate substitution for plant components is justified, which allows increasing the amount of dietary fiber consumed and reducing the caloric content of the product, enriching minced fish with carbohydrates (polysaccharides and dietary fibers), amino acids, as well as macro- and microelements. Thus, a comparative analysis of the content of essential amino acids in the muscle tissue of fish in the inland waters of the Republic of Kazakhstan with some oceanic and marine fish showed that the content of amino acids such as leucine, lysine, threonine, phenylalanine is slightly higher. They are characterized by a high content of essential amino acids limiting the biological value, g/100 g of protein: lysine – 8.8-11.6; methionine – 2.1-3.1; tryptophan – 1.0-1.1. The data analysis shows that a higher pH value of fish meat corresponds to a higher elasticity value. The pH shift to the alkaline side of more than 7.5, although it promotes the release of myosin, reduces the elasticity of meat. In our study, we used minced fish from Carp, Pikeperch, Bream, and Pike. It was found that with the addition of 30% of the functional supplement of kelp, the moisture-retaining capacity of the fish semi-finished product was 48.6% and pH 6.67. With the addition of 30% of the functional pumpkin additive, the moisture-retaining capacity of the fish semi-finished product was 49.27% and pH 6.04. Developing semi-finished fish products with plant components makes it possible to obtain products of high biological value with a juicy consistency, which meets modern trends in healthy nutrition.
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15
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Yi M, You Y, Zhang Y, Wu G, Karrar E, Zhang L, Zhang H, Jin Q, Wang X. Highly Valuable Fish Oil: Formation Process, Enrichment, Subsequent Utilization, and Storage of Eicosapentaenoic Acid Ethyl Esters. MOLECULES (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 28:molecules28020672. [PMID: 36677730 PMCID: PMC9865908 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28020672] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2022] [Revised: 12/26/2022] [Accepted: 01/01/2023] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
In recent years, as the demand for precision nutrition is continuously increasing, scientific studies have shown that high-purity eicosapentaenoic acid ethyl ester (EPA-EE) functions more efficiently than mixed omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acid preparations in diseases such as hyperlipidemia, heart disease, major depression, and heart disease; therefore, the market demand for EPA-EE is growing by the day. In this paper, we attempt to review EPA-EE from a whole-manufacturing-chain perspective. First, the extraction, refining, and ethanolysis processes (fish oil and ethanol undergo transesterification) of EPA-EE are described, emphasizing the potential of green substitute technologies. Then, the method of EPA enrichment is thoroughly detailed, the pros and cons of different methods are compared, and current developments in monomer production techniques are addressed. Finally, a summary of current advanced strategies for dealing with the low oxidative stability and low bioavailability of EPA-EE is presented. In conclusion, understanding the entire production process of EPA-EE will enable us to govern each step from a macro perspective and accomplish the best use of EPA-EE in a more cost-effective and environmentally friendly way.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengyuan Yi
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, School of Food Science and Technology, National Engineering Research Center for Functional Food, International Joint Research Laboratory for Lipid Nutrition and Safety, Collaborative Innovation Center of Food Safety and Quality Control in Jiangsu Province, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
| | - Yue You
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, School of Food Science and Technology, National Engineering Research Center for Functional Food, International Joint Research Laboratory for Lipid Nutrition and Safety, Collaborative Innovation Center of Food Safety and Quality Control in Jiangsu Province, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
| | - Yiren Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, School of Food Science and Technology, National Engineering Research Center for Functional Food, International Joint Research Laboratory for Lipid Nutrition and Safety, Collaborative Innovation Center of Food Safety and Quality Control in Jiangsu Province, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
| | - Gangcheng Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, School of Food Science and Technology, National Engineering Research Center for Functional Food, International Joint Research Laboratory for Lipid Nutrition and Safety, Collaborative Innovation Center of Food Safety and Quality Control in Jiangsu Province, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
- Correspondence: (G.W.); (L.Z.); Tel.: +86-510-85876799 (G.W.); +86-510-85351730 (L.Z.)
| | - Emad Karrar
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, School of Food Science and Technology, National Engineering Research Center for Functional Food, International Joint Research Laboratory for Lipid Nutrition and Safety, Collaborative Innovation Center of Food Safety and Quality Control in Jiangsu Province, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
| | - Le Zhang
- Wuxi Children’s Hospital, Children’s Hospital Affiliated to Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214023, China
- Correspondence: (G.W.); (L.Z.); Tel.: +86-510-85876799 (G.W.); +86-510-85351730 (L.Z.)
| | - Hui Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, School of Food Science and Technology, National Engineering Research Center for Functional Food, International Joint Research Laboratory for Lipid Nutrition and Safety, Collaborative Innovation Center of Food Safety and Quality Control in Jiangsu Province, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
| | - Qingzhe Jin
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, School of Food Science and Technology, National Engineering Research Center for Functional Food, International Joint Research Laboratory for Lipid Nutrition and Safety, Collaborative Innovation Center of Food Safety and Quality Control in Jiangsu Province, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
| | - Xingguo Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, School of Food Science and Technology, National Engineering Research Center for Functional Food, International Joint Research Laboratory for Lipid Nutrition and Safety, Collaborative Innovation Center of Food Safety and Quality Control in Jiangsu Province, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
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16
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Ge L, Yang H, Lu W, Cui Y, Jian S, Song G, Xue J, He X, Wang Q, Shen Q. Identification and comparison of palmitoleic acid (C16:1 n-7)-derived lipids in marine fish by-products by UHPLC-Q-exactive orbitrap mass spectrometry. J Food Compost Anal 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jfca.2022.104925] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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17
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Insights into lipid oxidation and free fatty acid profiles to the development of volatile organic compounds in traditional fermented golden pomfret based on multivariate analysis. Lebensm Wiss Technol 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.lwt.2022.114112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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18
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Boronat Ò, Sintes P, Celis F, Díez M, Ortiz J, Aguiló-Aguayo I, Martin-Gómez H. Development of added-value culinary ingredients from fish waste: Fish bones and fish scales. Int J Gastron Food Sci 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijgfs.2022.100657] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
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19
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Li X, Yi Y, Wu J, Yang Q, Tan B, Chi S. Effects of Plant-Derived Glycerol Monolaurate (GML) Additive on the Antioxidant Capacity, Anti-Inflammatory Ability, Muscle Nutritional Value, and Intestinal Flora of Hybrid Grouper (Epinephelus fuscoguttatus♀ × Epinephelus lanceolatus♂). Metabolites 2022; 12:metabo12111089. [PMID: 36355172 PMCID: PMC9692394 DOI: 10.3390/metabo12111089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2022] [Revised: 11/04/2022] [Accepted: 11/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
Abstract
In a context where the search for plant-derived additives is a hot topic, glycerol monolaurate (GML) was chosen as our subject to study its effect on grouper (Epinephelus fuscoguttatus♀ × Epinephelus lanceolatus♂). Seven gradient levels of GML (0, 600, 1200, 1800, 2400, 3000, and 3600 mg/kg) were used for the experiment. Based on our experiments, 1800 mg/kg GML significantly increased the final body weight (FBW) and weight gain rate (WGR). GML increased the activity of superoxide dismutase (SOD) and glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) and decreased malondialdehyde (MDA). Adding 1800 mg/kg GML also significantly increased the levels of lauric acid (C12:0) (LA), n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PFA), and the n-6 PFA-to-n-3/n-6 ratio, while significantly decreasing the levels of saturated fatty acids (SFA). Dietary supplementation with GML significantly inhibited the expression of pro-inflammatory factors and reduced the occurrence of inflammation. GML improved intestinal flora and the abundance of beneficial bacteria (Bacillus, Psychrobacter, Acinetobacter, Acinetobacter, Stenotrophomonas, and Glutamicibacter). It provides a theoretical basis for the application of GML in aquafeed and greatly enhances the possibility of using GML in aquafeed. Based on the above experimental results, the optimum level of GML in grouper feed is 1800 mg/kg.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuehe Li
- College of Fisheries, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang 524088, China
- Aquatic Animals Precision Nutrition and High Efficiency Feed Engineering Research Center of Guangdong Province, Zhanjiang 524088, China
| | - Yuanming Yi
- College of Fisheries, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang 524088, China
- Aquatic Animals Precision Nutrition and High Efficiency Feed Engineering Research Center of Guangdong Province, Zhanjiang 524088, China
| | - Jiahua Wu
- College of Fisheries, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang 524088, China
- Aquatic Animals Precision Nutrition and High Efficiency Feed Engineering Research Center of Guangdong Province, Zhanjiang 524088, China
| | - Qihui Yang
- College of Fisheries, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang 524088, China
- Aquatic Animals Precision Nutrition and High Efficiency Feed Engineering Research Center of Guangdong Province, Zhanjiang 524088, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Aquatic Animal Disease Control and Healthy Culture, Zhanjiang 524088, China
- Correspondence:
| | - Beiping Tan
- College of Fisheries, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang 524088, China
- Aquatic Animals Precision Nutrition and High Efficiency Feed Engineering Research Center of Guangdong Province, Zhanjiang 524088, China
| | - Shuyan Chi
- College of Fisheries, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang 524088, China
- Aquatic Animals Precision Nutrition and High Efficiency Feed Engineering Research Center of Guangdong Province, Zhanjiang 524088, China
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20
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Aberoumand A, Baesi F. Evaluation of fatty acid-related nutritional quality indices in processed and raw ( Lethrinus lentjan) fish fillets. Food Sci Nutr 2022; 11:963-971. [PMID: 36789051 PMCID: PMC9922119 DOI: 10.1002/fsn3.3131] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2022] [Revised: 10/11/2022] [Accepted: 10/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
Abstract
The Lethrinus lentjan fish is economically and nutritionally important in Iran. Therefore, knowledge of their chemical composition can help in the development of functional foods. In the present study, proximate and fatty acid compositions were determined in fresh and marinated Lethrinus lentjan fish. Fatty acids were identified by gas chromatography. The 24 pieces of fresh L. lentjan fish with an average weight of 470 ± 125 g were prepared. After removing wastes, the fish fillet was placed in a dish containing acetic acid, salt, garlic, and red pepper. The marinade product contained n-6PUFA (7.94%) and n-3PUFA (3.46%). The results showed that moisture content in the marinade sample decreased, while fat, protein, and ash contents increased and carbohydrate content was also decreased compared to the raw sample. The marinating process increased PUFA percentage (19.32%) and ratio of PUFA and SFA (0.61). The fresh and processed samples showed superior nutritional quality and the lowest h/H ratio, but AI and TI ratios were relatively favorable (p < .05). The thrombogenicity index (TI) (0.46) and atherogenicity index (AI) (3.56) were more than the recommended in terms of risk of coronary heart disease. It can be concluded that fresh and processed fish samples represent an excellent source of high-quality fat, demonstrating that this fish species' freshwater can be considered optimal for human consumption.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ali Aberoumand
- Department of Fisheries, Natural Resources FacultyBehbahan Khatam Alanbia University of TechnologyBehbahanIran
| | - Farideh Baesi
- Department of Fisheries, Natural Resources FacultyBehbahan Khatam Alanbia University of TechnologyBehbahanIran
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21
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Ullah MR, Rahman MA, Haque MN, Sharker MR, Islam MM, Alam MA. Nutritional profiling of some selected commercially important freshwater and marine water fishes of Bangladesh. Heliyon 2022; 8:e10825. [PMID: 36211991 PMCID: PMC9539776 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2022.e10825] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2022] [Revised: 07/27/2022] [Accepted: 09/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
The purpose of the study was to investigate the proximate composition and mineral content of Bangladesh's economically important freshwater and marine water fish. Proximate composition and mineral content was determined according to the Association of Official Agricultural Chemists (AOAC) standard method. All of the factors had a substantial variation (p < 0.05), according to the findings. The maximum protein content was observed in Lates calcarifer (18.673%) and minimum in Pangasius pangasius (15.616%). The content of lipid among the species varied from 0.316% to 13.396%, with Mugil cephalus having the highest lipid content and Channa striata having the lowest. The moisture content ranges from 68.343% to 81.160%. All the fishes have an average ash content of 0.850%–4.350%. The energy content is also significantly higher in marine water fishes. The mineral content was highly variable. Calcium content was lowest in Pangasius pangasius (0.555%) and highest in Setipinna phasa (3.495%). The magnesium content ranged between 0.281% and 1.885%. Phosphorus was lowest in Lepturacanthus savala (0.826%) and highest in Setipinna phasa (2.114%). The amount of sodium, potassium, and sulfur was relatively less for all fish species but there were substantial differences across the twelve samples. The PCA biplot's for proximate composition analyses has demonstrated positive affinity only between Lates calcarifer and Mugil cephalus in case of ash, lipid, and carbohydrate whereas Setipina phasa, Mugil cephalus, Lutjanus lutjanus, and Oreochromis mossambicus were grouped together with magnesium, phosphorus, calcium, and sulfur in the case of mineral content. Overall, the marine water fishes can be a good food item in terms of nutrition which could provide better health benefits for human.
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22
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Bora S, Adole PS, Vinod KV, Pillai AA. A validated and optimized method for separation and quantification of total fatty acids by gas chromatography-ion trap mass spectrometry in human plasma. J Chromatogr B Analyt Technol Biomed Life Sci 2022; 1210:123473. [PMID: 36155260 DOI: 10.1016/j.jchromb.2022.123473] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2022] [Revised: 09/13/2022] [Accepted: 09/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Fatty acids (FAs) are associated with many physiological functions of tissues, and their alteration has been linked with tissue-specific or systemic diseases. The current situation warrants us to have a sensitive and specific method for analysis of total FAs simultaneously from the biological fluid so that the risk prediction, diagnosis or prognosis of the disease can be made effectively. Because of greater sensitivity and resolution, a method of gas chromatography-ion trap mass spectrometry (GC-IT/MS) has been optimized and validated to quantify simultaneously 19 total FAs levels in plasma and compared with GC-triple quadrupole mass spectrometry. FAs have been transesterified by methanolic acetyl chloride to fatty acid methyl esters (FAMEs). A 65 min GC method separated all 19 FAMEs. The calibration curve had good linearity up to 313-922 μM with a correlation coefficient between 0.9882 and 0.9998. The LODs and LOQs of FAMEs were in the range of 0.63 to 9.55 and 2.12 to 31.8 μM, respectively. The method has recovery up to 144 %, stability at 4 °C for 48 h and one freeze-thaw cycle, and good intra-day and inter-day precision. The optimized method has been used to quantify plasma total FAs in type 2 diabetes mellitus patients with and without acute coronary syndrome. Though a significant difference has been found between IT/MS and triple quadrupole mass spectrometry, the GC-IT/MS can help to quantify total FAs in the clinical setting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sushmita Bora
- Department of Biochemistry, Jawaharlal Institute of Postgraduate Medical Education and Research, Pondicherry 605006, India
| | - Prashant S Adole
- Department of Biochemistry, Jawaharlal Institute of Postgraduate Medical Education and Research, Pondicherry 605006, India.
| | - Kolar V Vinod
- Department of Medicine, Jawaharlal Institute of Postgraduate Medical Education and Research, Pondicherry 605006, India
| | - Ajith A Pillai
- Department of Cardiology, Jawaharlal Institute of Postgraduate Medical Education and Research, Pondicherry 605006, India
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Cui J, Cao J, Ge J, Qu X, Li P, Li C. Comprehensive lipid profiles of sea cage aquaculture cobia (Rachycentron canadum) based on lipidomics. J Food Compost Anal 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jfca.2022.104664] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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24
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Cui J, Cao J, Zeng S, Ge J, Li P, Li C. Comprehensive evaluation of lipidomics profiles in golden threadfin bream (Nemipterus virgatus) and its by-products using UHPLC-Q-exactive Orbitrap-MS. Lebensm Wiss Technol 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.lwt.2022.113690] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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25
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Effects of selenium nanoparticle on the growth performance and nutritional quality in Nile Tilapia, Oreochromis niloticus. PLoS One 2022; 17:e0268348. [PMID: 35653406 PMCID: PMC9162325 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0268348] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2022] [Accepted: 04/27/2022] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Selenium is an important micronutrient that has antioxidant, growth potential, and reproduction enhancement abilities in various organisms. The aquaculture industry is a significant contributor towards meeting the dietary requirements of a majority of the global population, which further warrants developing novel approaches for enhancing the production of dietary fish. This study was performed to assess the growth performance of Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) fingerlings (1 gm in average weight and 2.75 cm in average length) upon nano-selenium (Se-Nps) supplementation. Nanoselenium was synthesized using high-energy ball milling (HEBM) using a 10-hour dry milling technique at 10:1 ball-to-powder ratio (BPR), size characterized by XRD and TEM, followed by mixing with basal feed in desired concentrations (0.5 mg/kg, 1 mg/kg, and 2 mg/kg) and administration to Nile tilapia fingerlings for 30 days, followed by the evaluation of growth performance parameters, fatty acid profile analysis using GC-MS, and nutritional quality index (NQI): [Thrombogenicity Index (IT), Atherogenicity Index (IA), n-3/n-6, n-6/n-3)]. Nile tilapia supplemented with 1 mg/kg Se-Nps showed improved growth performance (RGR: 1576.04%, SGR: 4.70%, and FCR: 1.91), demonstrated by higher survivability (> 95%), isometric growth (coefficient of allometry, b = 2.81), and higher weight gain compared to control (RGR: 680.41%, SGR: 3.42%, and FCR: 1.31), 0.5 mg/kg Se-Nps (RGR: 770.83%, SGR: 3.61%, and FCR: 1.18) and 2 mg/kg Se-Nps (RGR: 383.67%, SGR: 2.63%, and FCR: 1.22). The average length-weight relationship assessed as the condition factor (K) was highest in the 1 mg/kg Se-Nps group compared to others (p < 0.05). GC-MS analysis revealed that Nile tilapia supplemented with 1 mg/kg Se-Nps showed better meat quality, higher amount of n-3 fatty acids, eicosapentaenoic acid, and docosahexaenoic acid, high PUFA/SAFA ratios (1.35) and n-3/n-6 (0.33) ratios, with low atherogenicity index (0.36) and thrombogenic index (0.44), and relatively low n-6/n-3 fatty acid ratio (3.00) compared to other groups. Overall, Se-Nps supplementation at 1 mg/kg enhanced the growth performance and meat quality in Nile tilapia, and therefore could be a potential growth-promoting micronutrient for aquaculture enhancement.
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Detection and characterization of lipids in eleven species of fish by non-targeted liquid chromatography/mass spectrometry. Food Chem 2022; 393:133402. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2022.133402] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2022] [Revised: 05/17/2022] [Accepted: 06/03/2022] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
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27
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Arena P, Rigano F, Guarnaccia P, Dugo P, Mondello L, Trovato E. Elucidation of the Lipid Composition of Hemp ( Cannabis sativa L.) Products by Means of Gas Chromatography and Ultra-High Performance Liquid Chromatography Coupled to Mass Spectrometry Detection. MOLECULES (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 27:molecules27103358. [PMID: 35630832 PMCID: PMC9145225 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27103358] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2022] [Revised: 05/17/2022] [Accepted: 05/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
The growing demand in natural matrices that represent a source of dietary and nutraceutical molecules has led to an increasing interest in Cannabis sativa, considered to be a multipurpose, sustainable crop. Particularly, the considerable content in essential fatty acids (FAs) makes its derived-products useful food ingredients in the formulation of dietary supplements. In this research, the FA and triacylglycerol (TAG) composition of hempseed oils and flours were investigated using gas chromatography coupled to mass spectrometry and flame ionization detection as well as liquid chromatography coupled to mass spectrometry (LC-MS), respectively. Furthermore, a recently introduced linear retention index (LRI) approach in LC was successfully employed as a useful tool for the reliable identification of TAG species. A total of 30 FAs and 62 glycerolipids were positively identified in the investigated samples. Relative quantitative analyses confirmed linoleic acid as the most abundant component (50-55%). A favorable omega6/omega3 ratio was also measured in hemp-derived products, with the α-linolenic acid around 12-14%. Whereas, γ-linolenic acid was found to be higher than 1.70%. These results confirm the great value of Cannabis sativa as a source of valuable lipids, and the further improvement of the LRI system paves the way for the automatization of the identification process in LC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paola Arena
- Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences, University of Messina, 98168 Messina, Italy; (P.A.); (P.D.); (L.M.); (E.T.)
| | - Francesca Rigano
- Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences, University of Messina, 98168 Messina, Italy; (P.A.); (P.D.); (L.M.); (E.T.)
- Correspondence:
| | - Paolo Guarnaccia
- Department of Agriculture, Food Science and Environment (Di3A), University of Catania, 95127 Catania, Italy;
| | - Paola Dugo
- Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences, University of Messina, 98168 Messina, Italy; (P.A.); (P.D.); (L.M.); (E.T.)
- Chromaleont s.r.l., c/o, Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences, University of Messina, 98168 Messina, Italy
| | - Luigi Mondello
- Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences, University of Messina, 98168 Messina, Italy; (P.A.); (P.D.); (L.M.); (E.T.)
- Chromaleont s.r.l., c/o, Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences, University of Messina, 98168 Messina, Italy
- Unit of Food Science and Nutrition, Department of Medicine, University Campus Bio-Medico of Rome, 00128 Rome, Italy
| | - Emanuela Trovato
- Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences, University of Messina, 98168 Messina, Italy; (P.A.); (P.D.); (L.M.); (E.T.)
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Ando M, Mok WJ, Maeda Y, Miki R, Fukuda T, Tsukamasa Y. Quality assessment of yellowtail (
Seriola quinqueradiata
) meat cultured in an offshore floating flexible facility. FOOD SCIENCE & NUTRITION 2022; 10:3024-3033. [PMID: 36171766 PMCID: PMC9469846 DOI: 10.1002/fsn3.2898] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2022] [Revised: 03/29/2022] [Accepted: 04/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Masashi Ando
- Department of Fisheries Faculty of Agriculture Kindai University Nara Japan
| | - Wen Jye Mok
- Institute of Marine Biotechnology Universiti Malaysia Terengganu Terengganu Malaysia
| | - Yuji Maeda
- Nippon Steel Engineering Co., Ltd. Business Solution Center Fukuoka Japan
| | - Ryoji Miki
- Nippon Steel Engineering Co., Ltd. Business Solution Center Fukuoka Japan
| | - Takashi Fukuda
- Department of Fisheries Faculty of Agriculture Kindai University Nara Japan
| | - Yasuyuki Tsukamasa
- Department of Fisheries Faculty of Agriculture Kindai University Nara Japan
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29
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Kaur N, Brraich OS. Impact of industrial effluents on physico-chemical parameters of water and fatty acid profile of fish, Labeo rohita (Hamilton), collected from the Ramsar sites of Punjab, India. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2022; 29:11534-11552. [PMID: 34537943 PMCID: PMC8449748 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-021-16429-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2020] [Accepted: 09/05/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
In this contemporary era, wetlands and the entire aquatic diversity are suffering from major pollution problem. Not only the aggregation of higher population in metropolitan causes the production of plenty of solid, liquid and gaseous wastes, but also the high-technological industries contribute to a mammoth of wastes in the ecosystem. During the process of industrial effluent discharge into the water bodies, the toxic substances available in these wastes can affect the aquatic flora and fauna, resultantly disturbing the entire system and constituting human health hazards indirectly or directly. The objective of this study was to estimate the nutritional value of the liver and intestine of fish which is being discarded as waste during fish processing and pollution status by calculated water quality index (WQI) and comparison of both wetlands during diverse seasons. WQI of Harike Wetland was observed to be 56.68 which indicates that water quality in this wetland is "poor", while at Nangal Wetland WQI was calculated to be 39.54 and comes under "good" water quality and safe for the entire ecosystem. HPI (heavy metal pollution index) for Harike Wetland was observed 144.9 and for Nangal Wetland was 3.12, indicating heavy load of heavy metal pollution at test sample site. MI (metal index) value was also detected higher at test sample site (4.76) as compared to that at control site (0.22). The mean total n-3 and n-6 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) declined in the liver of test fish samples (Harike Wetland) as compared to control fish (Nangal Wetland) samples except in winter season. Similarly, mean total saturated fatty acids (SFAs) were also found to decline significantly (p<0.05) in the liver of test fish sample as compared to control fish sample during autumn and winter seasons. Significant (p<0.05) decline of mean total n-3 PUFAs (except winter) and total n-6 PUFAs (except rainy) in the intestine of test fish sample was observed during all the seasons when compared to control fish samples. However, total SFAs were found to increase in the intestine of test fish samples as compared to control fish samples during all the studied seasons. In the present investigation, fluctuations recorded in the water quality parameters and major groups of FAs in the tissues were due to the geographical location and pollution load in the fish samples taken from Harike Wetland.
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Affiliation(s)
- Navpreet Kaur
- Department of Zoology and Environmental Sciences, Punjabi University, Patiala, Punjab, 147002, India.
| | - Onkar Singh Brraich
- Department of Zoology and Environmental Sciences, Punjabi University, Patiala, Punjab, 147002, India
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30
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Pecka-Kiełb E, Kowalewska-Łuczak I, Czerniawska-Piątkowska E, Króliczewska B. FASN, SCD1 and ANXA9 gene polymorphism as genetic predictors of the fatty acid profile of sheep milk. Sci Rep 2021; 11:23761. [PMID: 34887487 PMCID: PMC8660767 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-03186-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2021] [Accepted: 11/23/2021] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
In this study, single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in the ANXA9 (annexin 9), FASN (fatty acid synthase) and SCD1 (stearoyl-CoA desaturase 1) genes were analyzed as factors influencing fatty acid profiles in milk from Zošľachtená valaška sheep. SNP in selected genes was identified using polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR–RFLP). The long-chain fatty acids profile in sheep milk was identified by gas chromatography. Statistical analysis of the SCD1/Cfr13I polymorphism showed that the milk of the homozygous AA animals was characterized by a lower (P < 0.05) share of C4:0, C6:0, C8:0, C10:0, C12:0, C14:0 in comparison to the homozygous CC sheep. The milk of heterozygous sheep was characterized by a higher (P < 0.05) proportion of C13:0 acid compared to the milk of sheep with the homozygous AA type. A higher (P < 0.05) level of saturated fatty acids (SFA) was found in the milk of CC genotype sheep compared to the AA genotype. Our results lead to the conclusion that the greatest changes were observed for the SCD1/Cfr13I polymorphism and the least significant ones for FASN/AciI. Moreover, it is the first evidence that milk from sheep with SCD1/Cfr13I polymorphism and the homozygous AA genotype showed the most desirable fatty acids profile.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ewa Pecka-Kiełb
- Department of Biostructure and Animal Physiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Wroclaw University of Environmental and Life Sciences, Norwida 31, 50-375, Wrocław, Poland.
| | - Inga Kowalewska-Łuczak
- Department of Genetics, Faculty of Biotechnology and Animal Husbandry, West Pomeranian University of Technology in Szczecin, Piastów Avenue 45, 79-311, Szczecin, Poland
| | - Ewa Czerniawska-Piątkowska
- Department of Ruminant Science, Faculty of Biotechnology and Animal Husbandry, West Pomeranian University of Technology in Szczecin, Klemensa Janickiego 29, 71-270, Szczecin, Poland
| | - Bożena Króliczewska
- Department of Biostructure and Animal Physiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Wroclaw University of Environmental and Life Sciences, Norwida 31, 50-375, Wrocław, Poland
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31
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Merdzhanova A, Panayotova V, Dobreva DA, Peycheva K. Can Fish and Shellfish Species from the Black Sea Supply Health Beneficial Amounts of Bioactive Fatty Acids? Biomolecules 2021; 11:1661. [PMID: 34827659 PMCID: PMC8615860 DOI: 10.3390/biom11111661] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2021] [Revised: 11/01/2021] [Accepted: 11/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Fatty acids (FA) are among the most important natural biologically active compounds. A healthy diet involves the intake of different fatty acids especially from omega-3 (n-3) series. Seafood provides a very good source of polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs), but in Bulgaria there is limited information regarding the n-3 PUFA contents in traditionally consumed seafood by the population. The aims of this study were to determine lipid content, omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (EPA and DHA), and the recommended daily intake of eleven fish species, three bivalves, rapana, and shrimp harvested in the Western part of Black Sea, Bulgaria. Total lipids were extracted according to the method of Blight and Dyer and fatty acid composition was analyzed by GC/MS. Fatty acid profile showed differences among species. PUFA were found in high content among total lipids, especially in shellfish (60.67-68.9% of total lipids) compared to fish species (19.27-34.86% of total lipids). EPA was found in higher amounts in rapana (0.16 g/100 g ww) and two of pelagic species (up to 0.29 g/100 g ww), whereas DHA prevailed in demersal and the most of pelagic fish (0.16-1.92 g/100 g ww) and bivalves (0.16-1.92 g/100 g ww). The health beneficial n3/n6 and PUFA/SFA ratios were found in all analyzed species. The lower values of the lipid nutritional quality indices (AI < 1, TI < 1) and higher for h/H index (0.8-1.78 for fish and 1.52 to 4.67 for bivalves and shrimp) confirm that the commonly consumed Black Sea fish and shellfish may provide health benefits for local populations. This study shows the seafood amounts that can provide the minimum recommended intake of omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids.
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Affiliation(s)
- Albena Merdzhanova
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical University of Varna, 55 Marin Drinov Str., 9002 Varna, Bulgaria; (V.P.); (D.A.D.); (K.P.)
| | - Veselina Panayotova
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical University of Varna, 55 Marin Drinov Str., 9002 Varna, Bulgaria; (V.P.); (D.A.D.); (K.P.)
| | - Diana A. Dobreva
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical University of Varna, 55 Marin Drinov Str., 9002 Varna, Bulgaria; (V.P.); (D.A.D.); (K.P.)
| | - Katya Peycheva
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical University of Varna, 55 Marin Drinov Str., 9002 Varna, Bulgaria; (V.P.); (D.A.D.); (K.P.)
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Dissanayake AA, Wagner CM, Nair MG. Evaluation of health benefits of sea lamprey (Petromyzon marinus) isolates using in vitro antiinflammatory and antioxidant assays. PLoS One 2021; 16:e0259587. [PMID: 34731213 PMCID: PMC8565778 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0259587] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2021] [Accepted: 10/21/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Sea lamprey (Petromyzon marinus), a parasitic fish which survives on blood of other fishes, is consumed as a delicacy in many countries. Our earlier studies on sea lamprey compounds that showed potential to deter adult sea lampreys yielded several sterols, glycerides, free fatty acids, amino acids, organic acids and nitrogenous compounds. Therefore, this study was to assess the health-benefits of these compounds including additional isolates from HPLC fractions that kept aside due to lack of activity in sea lamprey deterrent assays. In vitro cyclooxygenase enzymes (COX-1 and -2) and lipid peroxidation (LPO) inhibitory assays, respectively, were used to determine antiinflammatory and antioxidant activities. Among the tested sterols, cholesteryl eicosapentaenoate and cholesteryl arachidonate exhibited IC50 values of 14.6 and 17.7 μg/mL for COX-1 and 17.3 and 20.8 μg/mL for COX-2, respectively. Cholesteryl palmitate and cholesteryl oleate showed moderate COX-1 and COX-2 enzyme inhibition at 25 μg/mL. Amino acids arginine, tyrosine, glutamic acid, tryptophan and asparagine also showed moderate COX-1 and COX-2 inhibition at the same concentration. Among the twelve new isolates from fractions that we did not investigate earlier, a novel uracil derivative petromyzonacil showed COX-1 and COX-2 inhibition at 25 μg/mL by 35 and 15%, respectively. Cholesterol esters tested at 25 μg/mL exhibited LPO inhibition between 38 and 82 percent. Amino acids cysteine, methionine, aspartic acid, threonine, tryptophan, histidine, glutamic acid, phenylalanine and tyrosine at 25 μg/mL showed LPO inhibition between 37 and 58% and petromyzonacil by 32%. These assay results indicate that consumption of sea lamprey offer health-benefits in addition to nutritional benefits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amila A. Dissanayake
- Department of Horticulture, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan, United States of America
| | - C. Michael Wagner
- Department of Fisheries and Wildlife, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan, United States of America
| | - Muraleedharan G. Nair
- Department of Horticulture, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan, United States of America
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Myszka K, Tomaś N, Wolko Ł, Szwengiel A, Grygier A, Nuc K, Majcher M. In situ approaches show the limitation of the spoilage potential of Juniperus phoenicea L. essential oil against cold-tolerant Pseudomonas fluorescens KM24. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2021; 105:4255-4268. [PMID: 33988734 PMCID: PMC8140959 DOI: 10.1007/s00253-021-11338-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2021] [Revised: 04/20/2021] [Accepted: 05/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/02/2022]
Abstract
Abstract The present study aimed to elucidate the effect of subinhibitory concentrations (sub-MICs) of juniper essential oil (EO), α-pinene, and sabinene on the quorum-sensing (QS)–mediated proteolytic and lipolytic properties of Pseudomonas fluorescens KM24. These activities were verified under in situ conditions, in which sub-MICs of the agents altered the morphology of KM24 cells. RNA-Seq studies revealed key coding sequences (CDSs)/genes related to QS and the proteolytic/lipolytic activities of pseudomonads. In this work, all the examined agents decreased autoinducer synthesis and influenced the mRNA expression of the encoding acyltransferase genes lptA, lptD, and plsB. The highest reduction on the 3rd and 5th days of cultivation was observed for the genes lptD (−5.5 and −5.61, respectively) and lptA (−3.5 and −4.0, respectively) following treatment with EO. Inhibition of the lptA, lptD, and plsB genes by singular constituents of EO was on average, from −0.4 to −0.7. At 5 days of cultivation the profile of AHLs of the reference P. fluorescens KM24 strain consisted of 3-oxo-C14-HSL, 3-oxo-C6-HSL, C4-HSL, and N-[(RS)-3-hydroxybutyryl]-HSL, the concentrations of which were 0.570, 0.018, 3.744, and 0.554 μg ml−1, respectively. Independent of the incubation time, EO, α-pinene, and sabinene also suppressed the protease genes prlC (−1.5, −0.5, and −0.5, respectively) and ctpB (−1.5, −0.7, and −0.4, respectively). Lipolysis and transcription of the lipA/lipB genes were downregulated by the agents on average from −0.3 to −0.6. α-Pinene- and sabinene-rich juniper EO acts as an anti-quorum-sensing agent and can repress the spoilage phenotype of pseudomonads. Key points: Juniper EO, α-pinene, sabinene exhibited anti-QS potential toward KM24. RNA-Seq revealed key CDSs/genes related to QS/proteolytic/lipolytic activities of KM24. Agents at sub-MIC levels influenced the mRNA expression of QS/lipase/protease genes.
Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s00253-021-11338-3.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kamila Myszka
- Department of Biotechnology and Food Microbiology, Poznan University of Life Sciences, Wojska Polskiego 48, PL-60,627, Poznan, Poland.
| | - Natalia Tomaś
- Department of Biotechnology and Food Microbiology, Poznan University of Life Sciences, Wojska Polskiego 48, PL-60,627, Poznan, Poland
| | - Łukasz Wolko
- Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Poznan University of Life Sciences, Dojazd 11, PL-60-632, Poznan, Poland
| | - Artur Szwengiel
- Department of Food Technology of Plant Origin, Poznan University of Life Sciences, Wojska Polskiego 31, PL-60-624, Poznan, Poland
| | - Anna Grygier
- Department of Food Technology of Plant Origin, Poznan University of Life Sciences, Wojska Polskiego 31, PL-60-624, Poznan, Poland
| | - Katarzyna Nuc
- Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Poznan University of Life Sciences, Dojazd 11, PL-60-632, Poznan, Poland
| | - Małgorzata Majcher
- Department of Food Technology of Plant Origin, Poznan University of Life Sciences, Wojska Polskiego 31, PL-60-624, Poznan, Poland
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Islam S, Bhowmik S, Majumdar PR, Srzednicki G, Rahman M, Hossain MA. Nutritional profile of wild, pond-, gher- and cage-cultured tilapia in Bangladesh. Heliyon 2021; 7:e06968. [PMID: 34027173 PMCID: PMC8121654 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2021.e06968] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2021] [Revised: 03/27/2021] [Accepted: 04/27/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The proximate, minerals, amino acid and fatty acid composition of wild, pond-, gher- and cage-cultured tilapia in Bangladesh were evaluated and varied significantly (p < 0.05). The major component of the tilapia was moisture (79.12%-81.36%), followed by protein (14.93%-16.03%), lipid (0.59%-2.35%), carbohydrate (1.23%-1.51%), fibre (0.47%-0.88%), ash (0.31%-0.53%); the energy value was between 97.62 and 126.73 kcal/100 g. Macro-nutrients and micro-nutrients were detected in following order: K > Na > Mg > Ca and Fe > Mn, respectively in all the tilapia and the ratio of Na/K was <1. Essential amino acids, leucine (1.47-1.56 g/100 g) and lysine (1.66-1.74 g/100 g), were the predominant amino acids in tilapia, followed by non-essential amino acids, aspartic acid (1.72-1.84 g/100 g) and glutamic acid (2.88-3.07 g/100 g). Saturated palmitic acid (25.4%-35.54%), monounsaturated elaidic acid (31.51%-35.63%) and polyunsaturated linolenic acid (17.69%-22.57%) were the main fatty acids found in tilapia. The desirable protein percentage, Na/K ratio, the presence of essential amino acids, leucine and lysine, n-3 and n-6 fatty acid contents proved that the consumption of wild, pond-, gher- and cage-cultured tilapia are beneficial to human health and could be recommended to prevent different diseases particularly of cardiovascular type.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shabiha Islam
- Department of Fisheries and Marine Science, Noakhali Science and Technology University, Noakhali 3814, Bangladesh
| | - Shuva Bhowmik
- Department of Fisheries and Marine Science, Noakhali Science and Technology University, Noakhali 3814, Bangladesh
| | - Priyanka Rani Majumdar
- Department of Fisheries and Marine Science, Noakhali Science and Technology University, Noakhali 3814, Bangladesh
| | - George Srzednicki
- School of Chemical Engineering, The University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia
| | - Matiur Rahman
- National Food Safety Laboratory, Institute of Public Health, Mohakhali, Dhaka 1212, Bangladesh
| | - Md. Abul Hossain
- Department of Fisheries and Marine Science, Noakhali Science and Technology University, Noakhali 3814, Bangladesh
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Sobczak M, Panicz R, Eljasik P, Sadowski J, Tórz A, Żochowska-Kujawska J, Barbosa V, Dias J, Marques A. Nutritional value and sensory properties of common carp (Cyprinus carpio L.) fillets enriched with sustainable and natural feed ingredients. Food Chem Toxicol 2021; 152:112197. [PMID: 33864840 DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2021.112197] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2021] [Revised: 03/24/2021] [Accepted: 04/05/2021] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
Declines across global fishery stocks forced aquaculture feed manufacturers to search for new and sustainable components. Therefore, the aim of study was assessing nutritional value and sensory properties of meat of common carp (Cyprinus carpio L.) fed for 116 days with two blends. The control feed contained 5% of fishmeal and vegetable oils (rapeseed and soybean) as sole fat sources. While in the experimental diet half of the fishmeal was replaced with a blend of microalgae (Spirulina sp., Chlorella sp.), macroalgae (Laminaria digitata) and vegetable oil was replaced with salmon oil. Proximate composition, energy value, fatty acid profile of meat, nutritional characteristics of fat and protein as well as culinary properties of fillets were assessed. Fillets of carp fed experimental diet had a higher level of protein, lower level of fat and energy value. Intramuscular fat of fish fed with the experimental diet had a better parameters of quality. Protein in the meat of fish from both groups was characterized by a high quality comparing to the protein standard. Our study showed that meat of carp fed with experimental feed enriched with sustainable and natural feed ingredients can be a sensorily attractive source of nutritious ingredients in the human diet.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Sobczak
- Department of Meat Science, Faculty of Food Science and Fisheries, West Pomeranian University of Technology, Szczecin, Poland.
| | - R Panicz
- Department of Meat Science, Faculty of Food Science and Fisheries, West Pomeranian University of Technology, Szczecin, Poland
| | - P Eljasik
- Department of Meat Science, Faculty of Food Science and Fisheries, West Pomeranian University of Technology, Szczecin, Poland
| | - J Sadowski
- Department of Aquatic Bioengineering and Aquaculture, Faculty of Food Science and Fisheries, West Pomeranian University of Technology, Szczecin, Poland
| | - A Tórz
- Department of Aquatic Bioengineering and Aquaculture, Faculty of Food Science and Fisheries, West Pomeranian University of Technology, Szczecin, Poland
| | - J Żochowska-Kujawska
- Department of Meat Science, Faculty of Food Science and Fisheries, West Pomeranian University of Technology, Szczecin, Poland
| | - V Barbosa
- Division of Aquaculture, Seafood Upgrading and Bioprospection, Portuguese Institute for the Sea and Atmosphere (IPMA), Lisboa, Portugal
| | - J Dias
- Sparos Lda, Olhão, Portugal
| | - A Marques
- Division of Aquaculture, Seafood Upgrading and Bioprospection, Portuguese Institute for the Sea and Atmosphere (IPMA), Lisboa, Portugal
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Fatty Acid-Related Health Lipid Index of Raw and Fried Nile Tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) Fish Muscle. J FOOD QUALITY 2021. [DOI: 10.1155/2021/6676528] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Fried food consumption is popular in most parts of the world including Ethiopia. Among many fried products available in Ethiopia, fried fish is most commonly consumed in Hawassa Town due to the easy access to the fish from the lake. Recently, there is growing concern among fryers to recycle the oil while frying fish. However, there is limited evidence about the frying effect on the fatty-acid-related health lipid index of fried fish. Thus, the study was aimed to determine the fatty acid profile and the fatty-acid-related health lipid of raw and fried fish. Raw and fried fish were taken from the Hawassa open fish market. Fatty acid profiles were analyzed using a gas chromatography-mass spectrophotometer (GCMS), and the health lipid index was determined by calculation using the recommended formula. JMP pro 13 version software was used for data analysis. Our result showed that raw fish had a high amount of essential fatty acid, nutritive value index, hypocholesterolemic ratio, and peroxidizability index. In contrary to this, the fried fish had a high amount of trans-fatty acids, nonessential fatty acids, atherogenic index, and thrombogenic index. In conclusion, the fried fish loses its fatty-acid-related nutritional quality in uncontrolled frying conditions. Therefore, frying needs to be controlled, as it risks human health otherwise.
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Tadesse Zula A, Desta DT, Willis MS. Nile tilapia ( Oreochromis niloticus) fried in recycled palm oil: implications for nutrition and health. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF FOOD PROPERTIES 2021. [DOI: 10.1080/10942912.2021.1931304] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Aemiro Tadesse Zula
- School of Nutrition, Food Science and Technology, Academic Center of Excellence in Human Nutrition, Hawassa University, Hawassa, Ethiopia
| | - Derese Tamiru Desta
- School of Nutrition, Food Science and Technology, Academic Center of Excellence in Human Nutrition, Hawassa University, Hawassa, Ethiopia
| | - Mary S. Willis
- Department of Nutrition and Health Sciences, University of Nebraska Lincoln, Lincoln, NE, USA
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Mekonnen MF, Desta DT, Alemayehu FR, Kelikay GN, Daba AK. Evaluation of fatty acid-related nutritional quality indices in fried and raw nile tilapia, ( Oreochromis Niloticus), fish muscles. Food Sci Nutr 2020; 8:4814-4821. [PMID: 32994943 PMCID: PMC7500769 DOI: 10.1002/fsn3.1760] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2020] [Revised: 06/13/2020] [Accepted: 06/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
During frying, fat degrade and many reactions occur resulting in numerous altered fatty acid products. This would lead to the formation of Tran's fatty acids and changes in nutritional qualities. Hence, this study was aimed to determine the changes during frying on fatty acid composition of Nile tilapia (Oreochromis Niloticus) fish muscle from local fish market of Hawassa, Ethiopia. Fish fryers reported that they usually use palm oil for frying. They also indicated that the oil is kept for days and reused for frying at different cycle. In fried fish, 35 types of fatty acids were identified and 27 in raw fish muscle. Palmitic, stearic, heptadecanoic, and tetradecenoic acids were the abundant saturated fatty acids in both fried and raw fish muscle. Oleic, Docosahexaenoic, Eicosapentaenoic, and Linoleic acid were the major unsaturated fatty acids. The percentages of total saturated fatty acids (SFA) of raw fish muscle (47.4%) were found to be lower compared with fried fish muscle (51.8%). The n-6/n-3 ratio (7.83), index of atherogenicity (0.85), and thrombogenicity (1.71) in the fried fish muscle were in the undesirable values. The hypocholesterolemic/hypercholesterolemic ratio was relatively similar in the fried (1.09) and raw (1.02) fish muscles. The total unsaturated fatty acids (UFA) level of raw fish muscle (52.2%) was higher than the fried fish muscle (47.2%). Higher percentage of Tran's fatty acid was identified in the fried fish muscle compared with raw. Frying considerably altered fatty acid composition of fish muscle. It increased saturated fatty acid concentration and decreased unsaturated. Hence, frying noticeably decreases the nutritional quality of fish muscle. Therefore, it is suggested that further analysis on fatty acid composition of oil usually used for frying and the nutritional quality index across frying cycles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengistu F. Mekonnen
- School of Nutrition, Food Science and TechnologyCollege of AgricultureHawassa UniversityHawassaEthiopia
| | - Derese T. Desta
- School of Nutrition, Food Science and TechnologyCollege of AgricultureHawassa UniversityHawassaEthiopia
| | - Fikadu R. Alemayehu
- School of Nutrition, Food Science and TechnologyCollege of AgricultureHawassa UniversityHawassaEthiopia
| | - Gezahegn N. Kelikay
- School of Nutrition, Food Science and TechnologyCollege of AgricultureHawassa UniversityHawassaEthiopia
| | - Alemneh K. Daba
- School of Nutrition, Food Science and TechnologyCollege of AgricultureHawassa UniversityHawassaEthiopia
- College of Medicine and Health ScienceHawassa UniversityHawassaEthiopia
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Rincón-Cervera MÁ, González-Barriga V, Romero J, Rojas R, López-Arana S. Quantification and Distribution of Omega-3 Fatty Acids in South Pacific Fish and Shellfish Species. Foods 2020; 9:foods9020233. [PMID: 32098153 PMCID: PMC7073854 DOI: 10.3390/foods9020233] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2020] [Revised: 02/11/2020] [Accepted: 02/17/2020] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Fatty acid composition and distribution in edible species of fish and shellfish captured in the South Pacific were studied, with a focus on n-3 long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids (n-3 LCPUFA). Fatty acids were quantified using gas-chromatography coupled with flame ionization detection (GC-FID), and the distribution of different fatty acids within lipid classes (neutral and polar lipids) was achieved after oil extraction using the Folch method and separation of lipid classes via solid-phase extraction for further GC-FID analysis. Red cusk-eel was the fish species with the lowest content of both EPA and DHA (40.8 and 74.4 mg/100 g, respectively) whereas mackerel contained the highest amount (414.7 and 956.0 mg/100 g for EPA and DHA, respectively). Sea squirt was the shellfish species with the highest content of EPA and DHA (375.0 and 165.7 mg/100 g, respectively) whereas the lowest amount of EPA + DHA was found in Chilean abalone (63.6 mg/100 g). PUFA were mostly found in neutral or polar lipids depending on the studied species. Indexes used to discuss the nutritional quality of lipids (PUFA/SFA, n-6/n-3 ratio and the hypocholesterolemic/hypercholesterolemic fatty acid index) were calculated and reported in the manuscript. This information provides a novel nutritional insight which may be useful to help nutritionists and other health professionals give more accurate counseling for the population to reach the recommended daily intakes of EPA and DHA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miguel Ángel Rincón-Cervera
- Instituto de Nutrición y Tecnología de los Alimentos (INTA), Universidad de Chile, Avda. El Líbano 5524, Macul, Santiago 7830490, Chile; (V.G.-B.); (J.R.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +56-2-29781449
| | - Valeria González-Barriga
- Instituto de Nutrición y Tecnología de los Alimentos (INTA), Universidad de Chile, Avda. El Líbano 5524, Macul, Santiago 7830490, Chile; (V.G.-B.); (J.R.)
| | - Jaime Romero
- Instituto de Nutrición y Tecnología de los Alimentos (INTA), Universidad de Chile, Avda. El Líbano 5524, Macul, Santiago 7830490, Chile; (V.G.-B.); (J.R.)
| | - Rodrigo Rojas
- Departamento de Acuicultura, Facultad de Ciencias del Mar, Universidad Católica del Norte, Larrondo 1281, Coquimbo 1781421, Chile;
| | - Sandra López-Arana
- Departamento de Nutrición, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Chile, Avda. Independencia 1027, Independencia, Santiago 8380453, Chile;
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