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Chen B, Zeng G, Sun L, Jiang C. When smoke meets gut: deciphering the interactions between tobacco smoking and gut microbiota in disease development. SCIENCE CHINA. LIFE SCIENCES 2024; 67:854-864. [PMID: 38265598 DOI: 10.1007/s11427-023-2446-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2023] [Accepted: 09/09/2023] [Indexed: 01/25/2024]
Abstract
Tobacco smoking is a prevalent and detrimental habit practiced worldwide, increasing the risk of various diseases, including chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), cardiovascular disease, liver disease, and cancer. Although previous research has explored the detrimental health effects of tobacco smoking, recent studies suggest that gut microbiota dysbiosis may play a critical role in these outcomes. Numerous tobacco smoke components, such as nicotine, are found in the gastrointestinal tract and interact with gut microbiota, leading to lasting impacts on host health and diseases. This review delves into the ways tobacco smoking and its various constituents influence gut microbiota composition and functionality. We also summarize recent advancements in understanding how tobacco smoking-induced gut microbiota dysbiosis affects host health. Furthermore, this review introduces a novel perspective on how changes in gut microbiota following smoking cessation may contribute to withdrawal syndrome and the degree of health improvements in smokers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bo Chen
- Center of Basic Medical Research, Institute of Medical Innovation and Research, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, 100191, China
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Vascular Homeostasis and Remodeling, Peking University, Beijing, 100191, China
- Center for Obesity and Metabolic Disease Research, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, 100191, China
| | - Guangyi Zeng
- Center of Basic Medical Research, Institute of Medical Innovation and Research, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, 100191, China
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Vascular Homeostasis and Remodeling, Peking University, Beijing, 100191, China
- Center for Obesity and Metabolic Disease Research, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, 100191, China
| | - Lulu Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Women's Reproductive Health and Fertility Promotion, Peking University, Beijing, 100191, China.
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, 100191, China.
| | - Changtao Jiang
- Center of Basic Medical Research, Institute of Medical Innovation and Research, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, 100191, China.
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Vascular Homeostasis and Remodeling, Peking University, Beijing, 100191, China.
- Center for Obesity and Metabolic Disease Research, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, 100191, China.
- State Key Laboratory of Women's Reproductive Health and Fertility Promotion, Peking University, Beijing, 100191, China.
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Bhardwaj G, Riadi Y, Afzal M, Bansal P, Kaur H, Deorari M, Tonk RK, Almalki WH, Kazmi I, Alzarea SI, Kukreti N, Thangavelu L, Saleem S. The hidden threat: Environmental toxins and their effects on gut microbiota. Pathol Res Pract 2024; 255:155173. [PMID: 38364649 DOI: 10.1016/j.prp.2024.155173] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2023] [Revised: 01/23/2024] [Accepted: 01/24/2024] [Indexed: 02/18/2024]
Abstract
The human gut microbiota (GM), which consists of a complex and diverse ecosystem of bacteria, plays a vital role in overall wellness. However, the delicate balance of this intricate system is being compromised by the widespread presence of environmental toxins. The intricate connection between contaminants in the environment and human well-being has garnered significant attention in recent times. Although many environmental pollutants and their toxicity have been identified and studied in laboratory settings and animal models, there is insufficient data concerning their relevance to human physiology. Consequently, research on the toxicity of environmental toxins in GM has gained prominence in recent years. Various factors, such as air pollution, chemicals, heavy metals, and pesticides, have a detrimental impact on the composition and functioning of the GM. This comprehensive review aims to comprehend the toxic effects of numerous environmental pollutants, including antibiotics, endocrine-disrupting chemicals, heavy metals, and pesticides, on GM by examining recent research findings. The current analysis concludes that different types of environmental toxins can lead to GM dysbiosis and have various potential adverse effects on the well-being of animals. We investigate the alterations to the GM composition induced by contaminants and their impact on overall well-being, providing a fresh perspective on research related to pollutant exposure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gautam Bhardwaj
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Delhi Pharmaceutical Sciences and Research University, Pushp Vihar sector-3, M-B Road, New Delhi 110017, India
| | - Yassine Riadi
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, Al Kharj 11942, Saudi Arabia
| | - Muhammad Afzal
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Pharmacy Program, Batterjee Medical College, P.O. Box 6231, Jeddah 21442, Saudi Arabia
| | - Pooja Bansal
- Department of Biotechnology and Genetics, Jain (Deemed-to-be) University, Bengaluru, Karnataka 560069, India; Department of Allied Healthcare and Sciences, Vivekananda Global University, Jaipur, Rajasthan 303012, India
| | - Harpreet Kaur
- School of Basic & Applied Sciences, Shobhit University, Gangoh, Uttar Pradesh 247341, India; Department of Health & Allied Sciences, Arka Jain University, Jamshedpur, Jharkhand 831001, India
| | - Mahamedha Deorari
- Uttaranchal Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Uttaranchal University, Dehradun, India
| | - Rajiv Kumar Tonk
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Delhi Pharmaceutical Sciences and Research University, Pushp Vihar sector-3, M-B Road, New Delhi 110017, India.
| | - Waleed Hassan Almalki
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Imran Kazmi
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, 21589 Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Sami I Alzarea
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Jouf University, 72341 Sakaka, Aljouf, Saudi Arabia
| | - Neelima Kukreti
- School of Pharmacy, Graphic Era Hill University, Dehradun 248007, India
| | - Lakshmi Thangavelu
- Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Saveetha University, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Shakir Saleem
- Department of Public Health. College of Health Sciences, Saudi Electronic University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.
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Ren Y, Wu J, Wang Y, Zhang L, Ren J, Zhang Z, Chen B, Zhang K, Zhu B, Liu W, Li S, Li X. Lifestyle patterns influence the composition of the gut microbiome in a healthy Chinese population. Sci Rep 2023; 13:14425. [PMID: 37660184 PMCID: PMC10475076 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-41532-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2023] [Accepted: 08/28/2023] [Indexed: 09/04/2023] Open
Abstract
High-throughput sequencing allows for the comprehensive analysis of the human intestinal microbiota. However, extensive association analyses between the microbiome and lifestyle differences in the Chinese population are limited. Here, we carried out an independent cohort study-the Chinese Healthy Gut Project (n = 483)-where correlations between the gut microbiota and dietary and lifestyle variables in a healthy Chinese population are defined. We collected both questionnaire data, including basic information and lifestyle and dietary variables, and fecal stools from the enrolled volunteers. We then performed 16S rRNA sequencing on the microbial DNA isolated from the stools to assess the composition of the intestinal microbiota. We found that Prevotella and Bacteroides were the most abundant genera in the healthy Chinese gut microbiome. Additionally, 9 out of 29 clinical and questionnaire-based phenotype covariates were found to be associated with the variation in the composition of the gut microbiota. Among these lifestyle phenotypes, sleep procrastination, negative mood, and drinking habits had the largest effect size. Additionally, an appreciable effect of urbanization was observed, resulting in decreased intra-individual diversity, increased inter-individual diversity, and an increased abundance of the Bacteroides enterotype. The results of this study provide a foundation for assessing the healthy Chinese gut microbiota community structure at baseline in a healthy Chinese population. Furthermore, this study also provides insights into understanding how distinctive living habits influence the relationships between the Chinese gut microbiome and systemic health state.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Ren
- Coyote Bioscience (Beijing) Co., Ltd., Beijing, China
| | - Jiawei Wu
- Coyote Bioscience (Beijing) Co., Ltd., Beijing, China
| | - Yilin Wang
- Coyote Bioscience (Beijing) Co., Ltd., Beijing, China
| | - Lanying Zhang
- Coyote Diagnostics Lab (Beijing) Co., Ltd., Beijing, China
| | - Jing Ren
- Coyote Bioscience (Beijing) Co., Ltd., Beijing, China
| | - Zhiming Zhang
- Coyote Bioscience (Beijing) Co., Ltd., Beijing, China
| | - Binghan Chen
- Coyote Bioscience (Beijing) Co., Ltd., Beijing, China
| | - Kejian Zhang
- Coyote Bioscience (Beijing) Co., Ltd., Beijing, China
| | - Baoli Zhu
- Coyote Bioscience (Beijing) Co., Ltd., Beijing, China
| | - Wei Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Pathogen and Biosecurity, Beijing Institute of Microbiology and Epidemiology, Beijing, China.
| | - Sabrina Li
- Coyote Bioscience (Beijing) Co., Ltd., Beijing, China.
- Coyote Diagnostics Lab (Beijing) Co., Ltd., Beijing, China.
| | - Xu Li
- Coyote Bioscience (Beijing) Co., Ltd., Beijing, China.
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4
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Liu X, Xiao M, Xing Z, Jiang H, Zhu C, Zhang X, Li W, Wang Z, Wu F, Chen Y. Contributions of ARID5B, IKZF1, PIP4K2A, and GATA3 Gene Polymorphisms to Childhood Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia in a Chinese Population. J Pediatr Hematol Oncol 2023; 45:123-129. [PMID: 36952466 DOI: 10.1097/mph.0000000000002646] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2021] [Accepted: 01/16/2023] [Indexed: 03/25/2023]
Abstract
Various studies have shown that single nucleotide polymorphisms in the AT-rich interaction domain 5B (ARID5B), IKAROS family zinc finger 1 (IKZF1), phosphatidylinositol-5-phosphate 4-kinase type 2 alpha (PIP4K2A), and GATA binding protein 3 (GATA3) genes may be associated with the susceptibility and prognosis of childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL). The present study aimed to investigate the association of ARID5B rs10821936, IKZF1 rs4132601, PIP4K2A rs7088318, and GATA3 rs3824662 gene polymorphisms with the susceptibility and prognosis of childhood ALL in China. We found that the C allele of rs10821936 (ARID5B) and the A allele of rs3824662 (GATA3) were associated with an increased risk of childhood ALL in the Chinese population. There was no significant difference in frequencies of rs4132601 (IKZF1) and rs7088318 (PIP4K2A) genotypes and alleles between the childhood ALL and control groups. We observed that CC genotype of rs10821936 (ARID5B) was associated with increased rates of high-risk and moderate-risk childhood ALL. The rs10821936 (ARID5B) could serve as a potential biomarker for assessing the risk of childhood ALL in Chinese children.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Min Xiao
- Department of Laboratory, Cancer Hospital Chinese Academy of Medical Science, Shenzhen Center, Shenzhen, Guangdong People's Republic of China
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Iskander MMZ, Lamont GJ, Tan J, Pisano M, Uriarte SM, Scott DA. Tobacco smoke exacerbates Filifactor alocis pathogenicity. J Clin Periodontol 2023; 50:121-130. [PMID: 36122937 PMCID: PMC9976951 DOI: 10.1111/jcpe.13729] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2022] [Revised: 08/11/2022] [Accepted: 09/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
AIM Filifactor alocis has recently emerged as a periodontal pathobiont that appears to thrive in the oral cavity of smokers. We hypothesized that identification of smoke-responsive F. alocis genes would provide insight into adaptive strategies and that cigarette smoke would enhance F. alocis pathogenesis in vivo. MATERIALS AND METHODS F. alocis was grown in vitro and cigarette smoke extract-responsive genes determined by RNAseq. Mice were exposed, or not, to mainstream 1R6F research cigarette smoke and infected with F. alocis, or not, in an acute ligature model of periodontitis. Key clinical, infectious, and immune data were collected. RESULTS In culture, F. alocis growth was unaffected by smoke conditioning and only a small number of genes were specifically regulated by smoke exposure. Reduced murine mass, differences in F. alocis-cognizant antibody production, and altered immune profiles as well as altered alveolar bone loss were all attributable to smoke exposure and/or F. alocis infection in vivo. CONCLUSIONS F. alocis is well-adapted to tobacco-rich conditions and its pathogenesis is enhanced by tobacco smoke exposure. A smoke-exposed ligature model of periodontitis shows promise as a tool with which to further unravel mechanisms underlying tobacco-enhanced, bacteria-induced disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mina M Z Iskander
- Department of Oral Immunology and Infectious Diseases, University of Louisville School of Dentistry, Louisville, Kentucky, USA
| | - Gwyneth J Lamont
- Department of Oral Immunology and Infectious Diseases, University of Louisville School of Dentistry, Louisville, Kentucky, USA
| | - Jinlian Tan
- Department of Oral Immunology and Infectious Diseases, University of Louisville School of Dentistry, Louisville, Kentucky, USA
| | - Michele Pisano
- Department of Oral Immunology and Infectious Diseases, University of Louisville School of Dentistry, Louisville, Kentucky, USA
| | - Silvia M Uriarte
- Department of Oral Immunology and Infectious Diseases, University of Louisville School of Dentistry, Louisville, Kentucky, USA
| | - David A Scott
- Department of Oral Immunology and Infectious Diseases, University of Louisville School of Dentistry, Louisville, Kentucky, USA
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Smoking-induced microbial dysbiosis in health and disease. Clin Sci (Lond) 2022; 136:1371-1387. [PMID: 36156126 PMCID: PMC9527826 DOI: 10.1042/cs20220175] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2022] [Revised: 08/09/2022] [Accepted: 09/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Smoking is associated with an increased risk of cancer, pulmonary and cardiovascular diseases, but the precise mechanisms by which such risk is mediated remain poorly understood. Additionally, smoking can impact the oral, nasal, oropharyngeal, lung and gut microbiome composition, function, and secreted molecule repertoire. Microbiome changes induced by smoking can bear direct consequences on smoking-related illnesses. Moreover, smoking-associated dysbiosis may modulate weight gain development following smoking cessation. Here, we review the implications of cigarette smoking on microbiome community structure and function. In addition, we highlight the potential impacts of microbial dysbiosis on smoking-related diseases. We discuss challenges in studying host–microbiome interactions in the context of smoking, such as the correlations with smoking-related disease severity versus causation and mechanism. In all, understanding the microbiome’s role in the pathophysiology of smoking-related diseases may promote the development of rational therapies for smoking- and smoking cessation-related disorders, as well as assist in smoking abstinence.
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Effects of Cigarette Smoke Exposure on the Gut Microbiota and Liver Transcriptome in Mice Reveal Gut–Liver Interactions. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms231911008. [PMID: 36232309 PMCID: PMC9569613 DOI: 10.3390/ijms231911008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2022] [Revised: 09/10/2022] [Accepted: 09/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Cigarette smoke exposure has a harmful impact on health and increases the risk of disease. However, studies on cigarette-smoke-induced adverse effects from the perspective of the gut–liver axis are lacking. In this study, we evaluated the adverse effects of cigarette smoke exposure on mice through physiological, biochemical, and histopathological analyses and explored cigarette-smoke-induced gut microbiota imbalance and changes in liver gene expression through a multiomics analysis. We demonstrated that cigarette smoke exposure caused abnormal physiological indices (including reduced body weight, blood lipids, and food intake) in mice, which also triggered liver injury and induced disorders of the gut microbiota and liver transcriptome (especially lipid metabolism). A significant correlation between intestinal bacterial abundance and the expression of lipid-metabolism-related genes was detected, suggesting the coordinated regulation of lipid metabolism by gut microbiota and liver metabolism. Specifically, Salmonella (harmful bacterium) was negatively and positively correlated with up- (such as Acsl3 and Me1) and downregulated genes (such as Angptl4, Cyp4a12a, and Plin5) involved in lipid metabolism, while Ligilactobacillus (beneficial bacterium) showed opposite trends with these genes. Our results clarified the key role of gut microbiota in liver damage and metabolism and improved the understanding of gut–liver interactions caused by cigarette smoke exposure.
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Du G, Guo Q, Yan X, Chen H, Yuan Y, Yue T. Potential protective mechanism of Tibetan kefir underlying gut-derived liver injury induced by ochratoxin A. Food Funct 2022; 13:11690-11704. [DOI: 10.1039/d2fo02360a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Tibetan kefir against Ochratoxin A-induced liver injury by maintaining the intestinal barrier and modulating the gut microbiota and metabolites.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gengan Du
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A & F University, 22. Xi-nong Road, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, China
- Laboratory of Quality & Safety Risk Assessment for Agro-products (Yangling), Ministry of Agriculture, Yangling, 712100, China
| | - Qi Guo
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A & F University, 22. Xi-nong Road, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, China
- Laboratory of Quality & Safety Risk Assessment for Agro-products (Yangling), Ministry of Agriculture, Yangling, 712100, China
| | - Xiaohai Yan
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A & F University, 22. Xi-nong Road, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, China
- Laboratory of Quality & Safety Risk Assessment for Agro-products (Yangling), Ministry of Agriculture, Yangling, 712100, China
| | - Hong Chen
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A & F University, 22. Xi-nong Road, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, China
- Laboratory of Quality & Safety Risk Assessment for Agro-products (Yangling), Ministry of Agriculture, Yangling, 712100, China
| | - Yahong Yuan
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A & F University, 22. Xi-nong Road, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, China
- Laboratory of Quality & Safety Risk Assessment for Agro-products (Yangling), Ministry of Agriculture, Yangling, 712100, China
- College of Food Science and Technology, Northwest University, Xi'an, 710069, China
| | - Tianli Yue
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A & F University, 22. Xi-nong Road, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, China
- Laboratory of Quality & Safety Risk Assessment for Agro-products (Yangling), Ministry of Agriculture, Yangling, 712100, China
- College of Food Science and Technology, Northwest University, Xi'an, 710069, China
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Ding K, Chen J, Zhan W, Zhang S, Chen Y, Long S, Lei M. Microbiome Links Cigarette Smoke-Induced Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease and Dietary Fiber via the Gut-Lung Axis: A Narrative Review. COPD 2021; 19:10-17. [PMID: 34963421 DOI: 10.1080/15412555.2021.2019208] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
Existing comprehensive management strategies for COPD effectively relieve the symptoms of patients, delay the deterioration of lung function, and prevent the progression of COPD through various means and multidisciplinary interventions. However, there has been limited progress in therapies that address the underlying causes of COPD pathogenesis. Recent studies have identified specific changes in the gut and pulmonary microbiota in response to exposure to smoke that can cause or exacerbate CS-COPD by regulating the inflammatory immune response in the lungs through the gut-lung axis. As a convenient and controllable intervention, modifying the diet to include more dietary fiber can effectively improve the prognosis of CS-COPD. Gut microbiota ferment dietary fiber to produce short-chain fatty acids, which connect the microbial communities in the lung and gut mucosa across the gut-lung axis, playing an anti-inflammatory and immunosuppressive role in the lungs. Given that the effect of dietary fiber on gut microbiota was highly similar to that of quitting smoking on gut microbiota, we assume that microbiota might be a potential therapeutic target for dietary fiber to alleviate and prevent CS-COPD. This study examines the similarities between pulmonary and gut microbiota changes in the presence of smoking and dietary fiber. It also highlights the mechanism by which SCFAs link pulmonary and gut microbiota in CS-COPD and analyzes the anti-inflammatory and immunomodulatory effects of short-chain fatty acids on CS-COPD via the gut-lung axis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kaixi Ding
- Department of Geriatrics, Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Jieling Chen
- Department of Respiration, Shehong Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shehong, China
| | - Wenling Zhan
- Department of Geriatrics, Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Shipeng Zhang
- Department of Geriatrics, Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Yi Chen
- Department of Geriatrics, Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Sipei Long
- Department of Geriatrics, Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Ming Lei
- Department of Geriatrics, Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
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Wang X, Ye P, Fang L, Ge S, Huang F, Polverini PJ, Heng W, Zheng L, Hu Q, Yan F, Wang W. Active Smoking Induces Aberrations in Digestive Tract Microbiota of Rats. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2021; 11:737204. [PMID: 34917518 PMCID: PMC8668415 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2021.737204] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2021] [Accepted: 11/11/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Cigarette smoking could have certain effects on gut microbiota. Some pioneering studies have investigated effects of active smoking on the microbiome in local segments of the digestive tract, while active smoking-induced microbiome alterations in the whole digestive tract have not been fully investigated. Here, we developed a rat model of active smoking and characterized the effects of active smoking on the microbiota within multiple regions along the digestive tract. Blood glucose and some metabolic factors levels, the microbial diversity and composition, relative abundances of taxa, bacterial network correlations and predictive functional profiles were compared between the control group and active smoking group. We found that active smoking induced hyperglycemia and significant reductions in serum insulin and leptin levels. Active smoking induced region-specific shifts in microbiota structure, composition, network correlation and metabolism function along the digestive tract. Our results demonstrated that active smoking resulted in a reduced abundance of some potentially beneficial genera (i.e. Clostridium, Turicibacter) and increased abundance of potentially harmful genera (i.e. Desulfovibrio, Bilophila). Functional prediction suggested that amino acid, lipid, propanoate metabolism function could be impaired and antioxidant activity may be triggered. Active smoking may be an overlooked risk to health through its potential effects on the digestive tract microbiota, which is involved in the cause and severity of an array of chronic diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiang Wang
- Nanjing Stomatological Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, China.,Department of Periodontics & Oral Medicine, University of Michigan School of Dentistry, Ann Arbor, MI, United States
| | - Pei Ye
- Nanjing Stomatological Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Li Fang
- Nanjing Stomatological Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Sheng Ge
- Nanjing Stomatological Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Fan Huang
- Nanjing Stomatological Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Peter J Polverini
- Department of Periodontics & Oral Medicine, University of Michigan School of Dentistry, Ann Arbor, MI, United States
| | - Weiwei Heng
- Nanjing Stomatological Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Lichun Zheng
- Nanjing Stomatological Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Qingang Hu
- Nanjing Stomatological Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Fuhua Yan
- Nanjing Stomatological Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Wenmei Wang
- Nanjing Stomatological Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
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Battey JND, Szostak J, Phillips B, Teng C, Tung CK, Lim WT, Yeo YS, Ouadi S, Baumer K, Thomas J, Martinis J, Sierro N, Ivanov NV, Vanscheeuwijck P, Peitsch MC, Hoeng J. Impact of 6-Month Exposure to Aerosols From Potential Modified Risk Tobacco Products Relative to Cigarette Smoke on the Rodent Gastrointestinal Tract. Front Microbiol 2021; 12:587745. [PMID: 34276574 PMCID: PMC8283309 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2021.587745] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2020] [Accepted: 06/10/2021] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Cigarette smoking causes adverse health effects that might occur shortly after smoking initiation and lead to the development of inflammation and cardiorespiratory disease. Emerging studies have demonstrated the role of the intestinal microbiome in disease pathogenesis. The intestinal microbiome is susceptible to the influence of environmental factors such as smoking, and recent studies have indicated microbiome changes in smokers. Candidate modified risk tobacco products (CMRTP) are being developed to provide substitute products to lower smoking-related health risks in smokers who are unable or unwilling to quit. In this study, the ApoE–/– mouse model was used to investigate the impact of cigarette smoke (CS) from the reference cigarette 3R4F and aerosols from two CMRTPs based on the heat-not-burn principle [carbon-heated tobacco product 1.2 (CHTP 1.2) and tobacco heating system 2.2 (THS 2.2)] on the intestinal microbiome over a 6-month period. The effect of cessation or switching to CHTP 1.2 after 3 months of CS exposure was also assessed. Next-generation sequencing was used to evaluate the impact of CMRTP aerosols in comparison to CS on microbiome composition and gene expression in the digestive tract of mice. Our analyses highlighted significant gene dysregulation in response to 3R4F exposure at 4 and 6 months. The findings showed an increase in the abundance of Akkermansiaceae upon CS exposure, which was reversed upon cessation. Cessation resulted in a significant decrease in Akkemansiaceae abundance, whereas switching to CHTP 1.2 resulted in an increase in Lactobacillaceae abundance. These microbial changes could be important for understanding the effect of CS on gut function and its relevance to disease pathogenesis via the microbiome.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Justyna Szostak
- PMI R&D, Philip Morris Products S.A., Neuchâtel, Switzerland
| | - Blaine Phillips
- PMI R&D, Philip Morris International Research Laboratories Pte. Ltd., Science Park II, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Charles Teng
- PMI R&D, Philip Morris International Research Laboratories Pte. Ltd., Science Park II, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Ching Keong Tung
- PMI R&D, Philip Morris International Research Laboratories Pte. Ltd., Science Park II, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Wei Ting Lim
- PMI R&D, Philip Morris International Research Laboratories Pte. Ltd., Science Park II, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Ying Shan Yeo
- PMI R&D, Philip Morris International Research Laboratories Pte. Ltd., Science Park II, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Sonia Ouadi
- PMI R&D, Philip Morris Products S.A., Neuchâtel, Switzerland
| | - Karine Baumer
- PMI R&D, Philip Morris Products S.A., Neuchâtel, Switzerland
| | - Jerome Thomas
- PMI R&D, Philip Morris Products S.A., Neuchâtel, Switzerland
| | - Jacopo Martinis
- PMI R&D, Philip Morris Products S.A., Neuchâtel, Switzerland
| | - Nicolas Sierro
- PMI R&D, Philip Morris Products S.A., Neuchâtel, Switzerland
| | | | | | | | - Julia Hoeng
- PMI R&D, Philip Morris Products S.A., Neuchâtel, Switzerland
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Raber J, Perez R, Torres ERS, Krenik D, Boutros S, Patel E, Chlebowski AC, Torres ER, Perveen Z, Penn A, Paulsen DB, Bartlett MG, Jia E, Holden S, Hall R, Morré J, Wong C, Ho E, Choi J, Stevens JF, Noël A, Bobe G, Kisby G. Effects of Chronic Secondhand Smoke (SHS) Exposure on Cognitive Performance and Metabolic Pathways in the Hippocampus of Wild-Type and Human Tau Mice. ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH PERSPECTIVES 2021; 129:57009. [PMID: 34009016 PMCID: PMC8132614 DOI: 10.1289/ehp8428] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Exposure to secondhand smoke (SHS) is a risk factor for developing sporadic forms of sporadic dementia. A human tau (htau) mouse model is available that exhibits age-dependent tau dysregulation, neurofibrillary tangles, neuronal loss, neuroinflammation, and oxidative stress starting at an early age (3-4 months) and in which tau dysregulation and neuronal loss correlate with synaptic dysfunction and cognitive decline. OBJECTIVE The goal of this study was to assess the effects of chronic SHS exposure (10 months' exposure to ∼30 mg/m3) on behavioral and cognitive function, metabolism, and neuropathology in mice. METHODS Wild-type (WT) and htau female and male mice were exposed to SHS (90% side stream, 10% main stream) using the SCIREQ® inExpose™ system or air control for 168 min per day, for 312 d, 7 d per week. The exposures continued during the days of behavioral and cognitive testing. In addition to behavioral and cognitive performance and neuropathology, the lungs of mice were examined for pathology and alterations in gene expression. RESULTS Mice exposed to chronic SHS exposure showed the following genotype-dependent responses: a) lower body weights in WT, but not htau, mice; b) less spontaneous alternation in WT, but not htau, mice in the Y maze; c) faster swim speeds of WT, but not htau, mice in the water maze; d) lower activity levels of WT and htau mice in the open field; e) lower expression of brain PHF1, TTCM1, IGF1β, and HSP90 protein levels in WT male, but not female, mice; and f) more profound effects on hippocampal metabolic pathways in WT male than female mice and more profound effects in WT than htau mice. DISCUSSION The brain of WT mice, in particular WT male mice, might be especially susceptible to the effects of chronic SHS exposure. In WT males, independent pathways involving ascorbate, flavin adenine dinucleotide, or palmitoleic acid might contribute to the hippocampal injury following chronic SHS exposure. https://doi.org/10.1289/EHP8428.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jacob Raber
- Department of Behavioral Neuroscience, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, Oregon, USA
- Departments of Neurology, Psychiatry, and Radiation Medicine, Division of Neuroscience ONPRC, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, Oregon, USA
- College of Pharmacy, Oregon State University, Corvallis, Oregon, USA
| | - Ruby Perez
- Department of Behavioral Neuroscience, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, Oregon, USA
| | - Eileen Ruth S. Torres
- Department of Behavioral Neuroscience, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, Oregon, USA
| | - Destine Krenik
- Department of Behavioral Neuroscience, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, Oregon, USA
| | - Sydney Boutros
- Department of Behavioral Neuroscience, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, Oregon, USA
| | - Esha Patel
- Department of Behavioral Neuroscience, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, Oregon, USA
| | - Anna C. Chlebowski
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Western University of Health Sciences, College of Osteopathic Medicine of the Pacific Northwest, Lebanon, Oregon, USA
| | - Estefania Ramos Torres
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Western University of Health Sciences, College of Osteopathic Medicine of the Pacific Northwest, Lebanon, Oregon, USA
| | - Zakia Perveen
- Department of Comparative Biomedical Sciences, Louisiana State University School of Veterinary Medicine, Baton Rouge, Louisiana, USA
| | - Arthur Penn
- Department of Comparative Biomedical Sciences, Louisiana State University School of Veterinary Medicine, Baton Rouge, Louisiana, USA
| | - Daniel B. Paulsen
- Department of Pathobiological Sciences, Louisiana State University School of Veterinary Medicine, Baton Rouge, Louisiana, USA
| | | | - Enze Jia
- University of Georgia, College of Pharmacy, Athens, Georgia, USA
| | - Sarah Holden
- Department of Behavioral Neuroscience, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, Oregon, USA
| | - Reed Hall
- Department of Behavioral Neuroscience, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, Oregon, USA
| | - Jeffrey Morré
- Mass Spectrometry Core, Oregon State University, Corvallis, Oregon, USA
| | - Carmen Wong
- Linus Pauling Institute, Oregon State University, Corvallis, Oregon, USA
- Department of Animal Sciences, Oregon State University, Corvallis, Oregon, USA
| | - Emily Ho
- Linus Pauling Institute, Oregon State University, Corvallis, Oregon, USA
- College of Public Health and Human Sciences, Oregon State University, Corvallis, Oregon, USA
| | - Jaewoo Choi
- Linus Pauling Institute, Oregon State University, Corvallis, Oregon, USA
| | - Jan Frederik Stevens
- College of Pharmacy, Oregon State University, Corvallis, Oregon, USA
- Linus Pauling Institute, Oregon State University, Corvallis, Oregon, USA
| | - Alexandra Noël
- Department of Comparative Biomedical Sciences, Louisiana State University School of Veterinary Medicine, Baton Rouge, Louisiana, USA
| | - Gerd Bobe
- Mass Spectrometry Core, Oregon State University, Corvallis, Oregon, USA
- Linus Pauling Institute, Oregon State University, Corvallis, Oregon, USA
| | - Glen Kisby
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Western University of Health Sciences, College of Osteopathic Medicine of the Pacific Northwest, Lebanon, Oregon, USA
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Yang J, Chun J. Taxonomic composition and variation in the gut microbiota of laboratory mice. Mamm Genome 2021; 32:297-310. [PMID: 33893864 DOI: 10.1007/s00335-021-09871-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2020] [Accepted: 04/10/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
The gut microbiota can affect host health, including humans. Mouse models have been used extensively to study the relationships between the host and the gut microbiota. With the development of cost-effective high-throughput DNA sequencing, several methods have been used to identify members of the gut microbiota of laboratory mice. In recent years, the amount of research and knowledge about the mouse gut microbiota has exploded, leading to significant breakthroughs in understanding of the taxonomic composition of and variation in this community. In addition, the rapidly increasing volume of data has allowed the development of public resources for exploring the mouse gut microbiota. In this review, we describe the concepts and pros and cons of basic methodologies that can be used to determine the gut bacterial profile in laboratory mice. We also present the key bacterial components of the mouse gut microbiota from the phylum to the species level and then compare them with those identified in other references. Additionally, we discuss variations in the mouse gut microbiota and their association with experiments using mice. Finally, we summarize the properties and functions of currently available public resources for exploring the mouse gut microbiota.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junwon Yang
- Interdisciplinary Program in Bioinformatics, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Korea.,Institute of Molecular Biology & Genetics, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Korea.,Department of Biological Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Korea
| | - Jongsik Chun
- Interdisciplinary Program in Bioinformatics, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Korea. .,Institute of Molecular Biology & Genetics, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Korea. .,Department of Biological Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Korea.
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Valeri F, Endres K. How biological sex of the host shapes its gut microbiota. Front Neuroendocrinol 2021; 61:100912. [PMID: 33713673 DOI: 10.1016/j.yfrne.2021.100912] [Citation(s) in RCA: 92] [Impact Index Per Article: 30.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2020] [Revised: 02/10/2021] [Accepted: 03/03/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
The gut microbiota is a complex system, consisting of a dynamic population of microorganisms, involved in the regulation of the host's homeostasis. A vast number of factors are driving the gut microbiota composition including diet, antibiotics, environment, and lifestyle. However, in the past decade, a growing number of studies also focused on the role of sex in relationship to changes in the gut microbiota composition in animal experiments as well as in human beings. Despite the progress in investigation techniques, still little is known about the mechanism behind the observed sex-related differences. In this review, we summarized current knowledge on the sex-dependent differences of the intestinal commensals and discuss the probable direct impact of sex hormones and more indirect effects such as dietary habits or antibiotics. While we have to conclude limited data on specific developmental stages, a clear role for sexual hormones and most probably for testosterone emerges.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesco Valeri
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Medical Center, Johannes Gutenberg-University Mainz, Mainz 55131, Germany
| | - Kristina Endres
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Medical Center, Johannes Gutenberg-University Mainz, Mainz 55131, Germany.
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