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Kałwak W, Weziak-Bialowolska D, Wendołowska A, Bonarska K, Sitnik-Warchulska K, Bańbura A, Czyżowska D, Gruszka A, Opoczyńska-Morasiewicz M, Izydorczyk B. Young adults from disadvantaged groups experience more stress and deterioration in mental health associated with polycrisis. Sci Rep 2024; 14:8757. [PMID: 38627525 PMCID: PMC11021532 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-59325-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2023] [Accepted: 04/09/2024] [Indexed: 04/19/2024] Open
Abstract
The recent polycrisis (COVID-19, Ukraine war, climate change, economic crisis) has been associated with mental health through cumulative stress, with young people being particularly vulnerable. We surveyed 403 college students from Poland to examine their psychological responses to the experienced crises. The results showed that polycrisis was associated with worse mental health of college students from disadvantaged groups (based on gender, sexual orientation, and financial situation) compared to other college students, in four areas: sense of proximity to the crises, stress caused by the crises, sense of responsibility for mitigating the crises, and experiencing everyday moral dilemmas regarding the crises. These young adults also suffered more in terms of negative affectivity, depressive symptoms, and subjective physical and mental health. Our findings suggest that when discussing public mental health perspectives, it is important to consider consequences of cumulative stress and its greater impact on young people from disadvantaged groups.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weronika Kałwak
- Institute of Psychology, Faculty of Philosophy, Jagiellonian University, ul. Romana Ingardena 6, 30-060, Kraków, Poland.
| | - Dorota Weziak-Bialowolska
- Department of Quantitative Methods and Information Technology, Kozminski University, ul. Jagiellonska 57/59, 03-301, Warsaw, Poland
- Human Flourishing Program, Institute for Quantitative Social Science, Harvard University, 12 Arrow St, Cambridge, MA, 02138, USA
| | - Anna Wendołowska
- Institute of Psychology, Faculty of Philosophy, Jagiellonian University, ul. Romana Ingardena 6, 30-060, Kraków, Poland
| | - Karolina Bonarska
- Institute of Psychology, Faculty of Philosophy, Jagiellonian University, ul. Romana Ingardena 6, 30-060, Kraków, Poland
| | - Katarzyna Sitnik-Warchulska
- Institute of Applied Psychology, Faculty of Management and Social Communication, Jagiellonian University, ul. Prof. Stefana Łojasiewicza 4, 30-348, Kraków, Poland
| | - Anna Bańbura
- Institute of Psychology, Faculty of Philosophy, Jagiellonian University, ul. Romana Ingardena 6, 30-060, Kraków, Poland
| | - Dorota Czyżowska
- Institute of Psychology, Faculty of Philosophy, Jagiellonian University, ul. Romana Ingardena 6, 30-060, Kraków, Poland
| | - Aleksandra Gruszka
- Institute of Psychology, Faculty of Philosophy, Jagiellonian University, ul. Romana Ingardena 6, 30-060, Kraków, Poland
| | | | - Bernadetta Izydorczyk
- Institute of Psychology, Faculty of Philosophy, Jagiellonian University, ul. Romana Ingardena 6, 30-060, Kraków, Poland
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Urdapilleta I, El Khoury L, Catheline JM, Lahlou S, Demarchi S. Mediating factors explain anxiety experienced by women with obesity during the Covid-19 pandemic. PLoS One 2023; 18:e0295034. [PMID: 38117823 PMCID: PMC10732381 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0295034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2022] [Accepted: 11/14/2023] [Indexed: 12/22/2023] Open
Abstract
The Covid-19 pandemic could be a source of great anxiety, especially for those at higher risk, such as women experiencing obesity. The aim of this study was to measure how some personal characteristics such as BMI (from underweight to class 3 obesity), bariatric surgery (yes or no), comorbidities, or age (as antecedent variables), and mediating factors impacted state anxiety during the Covid-19 Pandemic. Mediating factors were related to subjective knowledge or attitudes (e.g. interest or beliefs and practices around Covid-19, subjective health perception, and confidence in the government). French women (N = 532) were invited to take part in a voluntary online health survey during lockdown in Paris and its suburbs. Results showed that women with higher BMI had higher anxiety scores, primarily because they feel less healthy than other people. Secondly, the larger the body size of the participants was (BMI), the less they reported that information about Covid-19 held their attention. This lack of interest resulted in feelings of anxiety not being generated. Thirdly, the larger their body size was, the less confidence they had in the effectiveness of the proposed measures by the government and therefore, the more anxious they were. Finally, older age predicted higher interest in the pandemic, higher subjective health, and higher confidence in the government. Identifying obesity as a potential risk factor for anxiety disorders is crucial, but measuring the relationship between state anxiety and personal characteristics (e.g. BMI) requires considering mediating variables (e.g. subjective health perception). To reduce anxiety in women with obesity, it appears necessary to focus on psychological programs that can help them improve their perception of their health, as well as the confidence they may have in institutions, especially for younger women.
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Affiliation(s)
- Isabel Urdapilleta
- Department of Psychology, Laboratoire Cognitions Humaine et Artificielle (CHArt—EA 4004), Université Paris 8, Vincennes-Saint-Denis, France
| | - Lionel El Khoury
- Digestive Surgery Department, Delafontaine Hospital, Saint-Denis, France
| | | | - Saadi Lahlou
- Department of Psychological and Behavioural Science, London School of Economics and Political Science, London, United Kingdom
- Paris Institute for Advanced Study, Paris, France
| | - Samuel Demarchi
- Department of Psychology, Laboratoire Cognitions Humaine et Artificielle (CHArt—EA 4004), Université Paris 8, Vincennes-Saint-Denis, France
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Wickens CM, Popal V, Fecteau V, Amoroso C, Stoduto G, Rodak T, Li LY, Hartford A, Wells S, Elton-Marshall T, Hamilton HA, Taylor GW, Kupferschmidt KL, Agic B. The mental health impacts of the COVID-19 pandemic among individuals with depressive, anxiety, and stressor-related disorders: A scoping review. PLoS One 2023; 18:e0295496. [PMID: 38096173 PMCID: PMC10721054 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0295496] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE A scoping review of studies published in the first year of the COVID-19 pandemic focused on individuals with pre-existing symptoms of depression, anxiety, and specified stressor-related disorders, with the objective of mapping the research conducted. ELIGIBILITY CRITERIA (1) direct study of individuals with pre-existing depressive, anxiety, and/or specified stressor-related (i.e., posttraumatic stress, acute stress) disorders/issues; (2) focus on mental health-related pandemic effects, and; (3) direct study of mental health symptoms related to depression, anxiety, or psychological distress. SOURCES OF EVIDENCE Database-specific subject headings and natural language keywords were searched in Medline, Embase, APA PsycInfo, and Cumulative Index to Nursing & Allied Health Literature (CINAHL) up to March 3, 2021. Review of potentially relevant studies was conducted by two independent reviewers and proceeded in two stages: (1) title and abstract review, and; (2) full paper review. DATA CHARTING Study details (i.e., location, design and methodology, sample or population, outcome measures, and key findings) were extracted from included studies by one reviewer and confirmed by the Principal Investigator. RESULTS 66 relevant articles from 26 countries were identified. Most studies adopted a cross-sectional design and were conducted via online survey. About half relied on general population samples, with the remainder assessing special populations, primarily mental health patients. The most commonly reported pre-existing category of disorders or symptoms was depression, followed closely by anxiety. Most studies included depressive and anxiety symptoms as outcome measures and demonstrated increased vulnerability to mental health symptoms among individuals with a pre-existing mental health issue. CONCLUSION These findings suggest that improved mental health supports are needed during the pandemic and point to future research needs, including reviews of other diagnostic categories and reviews of research published in subsequent years of the pandemic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christine M. Wickens
- Institute for Mental Health Policy Research, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Campbell Family Mental Health Research Institute, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Institute of Health Policy, Management and Evaluation, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Veda Popal
- Institute for Mental Health Policy Research, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Faculty of Liberal Arts & Sciences, Humber College, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Venesa Fecteau
- Institute for Mental Health Policy Research, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Faculty of Liberal Arts & Sciences, Humber College, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Courtney Amoroso
- Institute for Mental Health Policy Research, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Faculty of Liberal Arts & Sciences, Humber College, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Gina Stoduto
- Institute for Mental Health Policy Research, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Terri Rodak
- Department of Education, CAMH Library, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Lily Y. Li
- Institute for Mental Health Policy Research, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Amanda Hartford
- Institute for Mental Health Policy Research, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Department of Health Sciences, Lakehead University, Thunder Bay, Ontario, Canada
| | - Samantha Wells
- Institute for Mental Health Policy Research, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Campbell Family Mental Health Research Institute, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry, Western University, London, Ontario, Canada
- School of Psychology, Deakin University, Geelong, Victoria, Australia
| | - Tara Elton-Marshall
- Institute for Mental Health Policy Research, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry, Western University, London, Ontario, Canada
- Faculty of Medicine, School of Epidemiology and Public Health, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario
| | - Hayley A. Hamilton
- Institute for Mental Health Policy Research, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Campbell Family Mental Health Research Institute, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Graham W. Taylor
- School of Engineering, University of Guelph, Guelph, Ontario, Canada
- Vector Institute for Artificial Intelligence, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Canada CIFAR AI Chair, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Kristina L. Kupferschmidt
- School of Engineering, University of Guelph, Guelph, Ontario, Canada
- Vector Institute for Artificial Intelligence, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Branka Agic
- Campbell Family Mental Health Research Institute, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
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Murray J, Dhami MK, McClatchey K, Weiss-Cohen L, Ayton P. Health, Wellbeing, and Social Interaction: An International and Demographic Analysis of Perceived Life Changes and the Positives and Negatives of the COVID-19 Lockdown. EUROPES JOURNAL OF PSYCHOLOGY 2023; 19:143-157. [PMID: 37731890 PMCID: PMC10508207 DOI: 10.5964/ejop.7751] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2021] [Accepted: 03/16/2022] [Indexed: 09/22/2023]
Abstract
Research suggests that people's experiences of COVID-19 lockdowns have been detrimental to their lives and wellbeing. The current research compared the experiences and perceptions on health, wellbeing and social interaction of 300 UK adults and 450 adults in California. Individuals reported whether aspects of their life had changed for the better, worse, or not at all during lockdown in April 2020, and what the "best" and "worst" things about lockdown were. There were more similarities than differences in the regional comparison of perceptions of changes in specific aspects of 'health and wellbeing' and 'social interaction'. Both regions reported the same number and nature of best and worst things about lockdown. Overarching themes of 'health, self and wellbeing', 'being with others', and 'concerns with daily living' were identified. Although reports of life changes and the positives and negatives of lockdown were similar across different demographic groups, some differences were present by age, sex, relationship, and family-status. Incorporating knowledge of unified and positive experiences of lockdown can be useful in informing future lockdown restrictions and supporting the population when restrictions are lifted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jennifer Murray
- School of Health and Social Care, Edinburgh Napier University, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - Mandeep K. Dhami
- Department of Psychology, Middlesex University, London, United Kingdom
| | | | | | - Peter Ayton
- Leeds University Business School, University of Leeds, Leeds, United Kingdom
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Ballester-Arnal R, Nebot-Garcia JE, Ruiz-Palomino E, García-Barba M, Fernández-García O, Gil-Llario MD. Sexual life of Spanish women during the lockdown by COVID-19: Differences according to sexual orientation? WOMENS STUDIES INTERNATIONAL FORUM 2023; 98:102719. [PMID: 37065932 PMCID: PMC10085747 DOI: 10.1016/j.wsif.2023.102719] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2023] [Revised: 03/16/2023] [Accepted: 03/26/2023] [Indexed: 04/18/2023]
Abstract
The COVID-19 pandemic may have exacerbated the sexual health differences that already existed among women based on their sexual orientation. Therefore, a total of 971 Spanish women aged 18-60 years (84 % heterosexual and 16 % with a minority sexual orientation) answered an ad hoc online questionnaire about sexual behavior during April 2020. Compared to heterosexual women, sexual minority women showed a greater increase in sexual frequency, masturbated more, had more sex with a housemate, and engaged in more online sexual activities during lockdown. The emotional impact of the pandemic, having privacy, and age showed a relationship with the quality of sexual life, but not sexual orientation. Based on these results, women's sexual lives are not as closely related to their sexual orientation as they are to other variables. Therefore, it seems more necessary to address issues affecting women in general during lockdown than to focus on their specific sexual orientation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rafael Ballester-Arnal
- Department of Basic and Clinical Psychology and Psychobiology, Universitat Jaume I, Castellón de la Plana, Spain
| | - Juan Enrique Nebot-Garcia
- Department of Basic and Clinical Psychology and Psychobiology, Universitat Jaume I, Castellón de la Plana, Spain
- Department of Developmental and Educational Psychology, Universitat de València, Valencia, Spain
| | - Estefanía Ruiz-Palomino
- Department of Basic and Clinical Psychology and Psychobiology, Universitat Jaume I, Castellón de la Plana, Spain
| | - Marta García-Barba
- Department of Basic and Clinical Psychology and Psychobiology, Universitat Jaume I, Castellón de la Plana, Spain
| | - Olga Fernández-García
- Department of Developmental and Educational Psychology, Universitat de València, Valencia, Spain
| | - María Dolores Gil-Llario
- Department of Developmental and Educational Psychology, Universitat de València, Valencia, Spain
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Dave R, Choudhari T, Maji A, Bhatia U. Quantitative Framework for Establishing Low-Risk Inter-District Travel Corridors During COVID-19. TRANSPORTATION RESEARCH RECORD 2023; 2677:335-349. [PMID: 37153197 PMCID: PMC10152242 DOI: 10.1177/03611981211064994] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/09/2023]
Abstract
Aspirations to slow down the spread of novel Coronavirus (COVID-19) resulted in unprecedented restrictions on personal and work-related travels in various nations across the globe in 2020. As a consequence, economic activities within and across the countries were almost halted. As restrictions loosen and cities start to resume public and private transport to revamp the economy, it becomes critical to assess the commuters' travel-related risk in light of the ongoing pandemic. The paper develops a generalizable quantitative framework to evaluate the commute-related risk arising from inter-district and intra-district travel by combining nonparametric data envelopment analysis for vulnerability assessment with transportation network analysis. It demonstrates the application of the proposed model for establishing travel corridors within and across Gujarat and Maharashtra, two Indian states that have reported many COVID-19 cases since early April 2020. The findings suggest that establishing travel corridors between a pair of districts solely based on the health vulnerability indices of the origin and destination discards the en-route travel risks from the prevalent pandemic, underestimating the threat. For example, while the resultant of social and health vulnerabilities of Narmada and Vadodara districts is relatively moderate, the en-route travel risk exacerbates the overall travel risk of travel between them. The study provides a quantitative framework to identify the alternate path with the least risk and hence establish low-risk travel corridors within and across states while accounting for social and health vulnerabilities in addition to transit-time related risks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raviraj Dave
- Discipline of Civil Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology, Gandhinagar, Gujarat, India
| | - Tushar Choudhari
- Department of Civil Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Powai, Mumbai, India
| | - Avijit Maji
- Department of Civil Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Powai, Mumbai, India
| | - Udit Bhatia
- Discipline of Civil Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology, Gandhinagar, Gujarat, India
- Udit Bhatia,
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Ramana AB, Singh S, Rupani MP, Mukherjee R, Mohapatra A. Plight of migrant construction-site workers during the COVID-19 lockdown in 2020: A qualitative exploration in Bhavnagar, Western India. Work 2023; 76:33-45. [PMID: 36872825 DOI: 10.3233/wor-220127] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/03/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND During the unexpected lockdown implemented in early 2020 in reaction to the coronavirus 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, a considerable section of India's population of migrant construction-site workers were stuck. OBJECTIVE Our objective was to explore the lived experiences and consequent perceptions of migrant workers related to the COVID-19 lockdown and the consequences on their lives. METHODS We conducted structured in-depth interviews (IDIs) with twelve migrant construction-site workers in Bhavnagar, Western India, from November to December 2020, using qualitative research methods. All IDIs were conducted with participant's consent, audio-recorded, transcribed in English, inductively coded, and thematically analyzed. RESULTS The primary financial challenges mentioned by the migrant workers in the interviews were unemployment, monetary issues, and a difficult sustenance. The social concerns were described as anxious migrant exodus, discrimination, mistreatment, lack of social assistance, inability to fulfil their family's expectations, lack of safe transportation arrangements by the authorities during the exodus, inadequacies in the public distribution system, law and order, and apathy of their employers. The psychological repercussions were described using terms like "fear," "worry," "loneliness," "boredom," "helplessness," and "trapped." Monetary compensation, job opportunities at the native place, and a well-managed migrant exodus were reportedly their key expectations from the government. Healthcare issues mentioned during the lockdown included a lack of facilities to treat common ailments, substandard care, and repeated COVID-19 testing prior to departure. CONCLUSION The study highlights the need to have rehabilitation mechanisms such as targeted cash transfers, ration kits, and safe transportation services for migrant workers through inter-sectoral coordination for mitigating hardship.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ashvinkumar B Ramana
- Department of Community Medicine, Government Medical College Bhavnagar, Maharaja Krishnakumarsinhji Bhavnagar University, Gujarat, India
| | - Sweta Singh
- Department of Community Medicine, Government Medical College Bhavnagar, Maharaja Krishnakumarsinhji Bhavnagar University, Gujarat, India
| | - Mihir P Rupani
- Department of Community Medicine, Government Medical College Bhavnagar, Maharaja Krishnakumarsinhji Bhavnagar University, Gujarat, India
- Clinical Epidemiology, Division of Health Sciences, ICMR - National Institute of Occupational Health (NIOH), Indian Council of Medical Research, Gujarat, India
| | - Ritika Mukherjee
- Executive Office, Generating Research Insights for Development (GRID) Council, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Archisman Mohapatra
- Executive Office, Generating Research Insights for Development (GRID) Council, Uttar Pradesh, India
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Suen YT, Wong EMY, Chan RCH. Experiences of COVID-19 among Chinese-speaking lesbian, gay and bisexual people in Hong Kong: an inductive thematic analysis of survey response data. Sex Reprod Health Matters 2022; 30:2102537. [PMID: 36017871 PMCID: PMC9423823 DOI: 10.1080/26410397.2022.2102537] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
As social inequalities during the COVID-19 pandemic have been recognised, emerging research showed that lesbian, gay and bisexual (LGB) people may be additionally affected during the pandemic. This paper adds to the understanding of the experiences of LGB people during the pandemic with a focus on Hong Kong, where issues of space significantly influence LGB people’s lives in this city with high population density. As part of a larger community study of LGB lives in Hong Kong, COVID-19-related impact on 434 Chinese-speaking LGB people was explored. Data collection was conducted from 20 May to 30 June 2020. Inductive thematic analysis of the open-text response survey data found that the LGB participants described both negative and positive impacts brought by COVID-19. Such impacts could be dimensionalised into those related to personal space and privacy, romantic and sexual space, and community space. It was also found that the experiences of COVID-19 among LGB people in Hong Kong were intersectional, along the lines of living arrangement and relationship status. Such findings make unique contributions to the emerging literature. First, there needs to be a more nuanced understanding of sexual minority individuals’ experiences during COVID-19 across cultural contexts. Second, COVID-19 was described as having brought positive impact in addition to its widely known negative impact.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yiu Tung Suen
- Associate Professor, Gender Studies Programme, Chinese University of Hong Kong, Room 250, 2/F, Sino Building, Shatin, Hong Kong. Correspondence:
| | - Eliz Miu Yin Wong
- PhD Candidate, Department of Social Policy, London School of Economics and Political Science, London, UK
| | - Randolph C. H. Chan
- Associate Professor, Department of Special Education and Counselling, The Education University of Hong Kong, Tai Po, Hong Kong
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Lucas JJ, Bouchoucha SL, Afrouz R, Reed K, Brennan-Olsen SL. LGBTQ+ Loss and Grief in a Cis-Heteronormative Pandemic: A Qualitative Evidence Synthesis of the COVID-19 Literature. QUALITATIVE HEALTH RESEARCH 2022; 32:2102-2117. [PMID: 36342414 PMCID: PMC9643120 DOI: 10.1177/10497323221138027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
LGBTQ+ people are no stranger to loss and grief, particularly during times of pandemic such as the 1980s-90s HIV/AIDS pandemic and now, the COVID-19 pandemic. Current COVID-19 loss and grief research remains relatively silent on LGBTQ+ peoples' loss and grief experiences. The aim of this research was to conduct a qualitative evidence synthesis of LGBTQ+ people's COVID-19 loss and grief experiences reported in the literature. A systematic search and inclusion strategy identified 22 relevant articles for review. Inductive thematic synthesis resulted in five loss-focused themes across the articles: (1) loss of work and livelihood, (2) loss of social and kinship connection, (3) loss of LGBTQ+ community connection, (4) loss of physical and mental health supports and (5) loss of LGBTQ+ identity authenticity, affirmation and visibility. Discussion of these themes highlights the many layered and often disenfranchised nature of LGBTQ+ people's loss during the COVID-19 pandemic.
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Affiliation(s)
- James J. Lucas
- School of Health and Social Development, Deakin University, Geelong, VIC, Australia
- Institute for Health Transformation, Deakin University, Burwood, VIC, Australia
- James J. Lucas, School of Health and Social Development, Deakin University; Postal Address: Locked Bag 20001, Geelong, VIC 3220, Australia.
| | - Stéphane L. Bouchoucha
- Institute for Health Transformation, Deakin University, Burwood, VIC, Australia
- School of Nursing and Midwifery, Deakin University, Burwood, VIC, Australia
| | - Rojan Afrouz
- School of Health and Social Development, Deakin University, Geelong, VIC, Australia
| | - Kirk Reed
- School of Health and Social Development, Deakin University, Geelong, VIC, Australia
| | - Sharon L. Brennan-Olsen
- School of Health and Social Development, Deakin University, Geelong, VIC, Australia
- Institute for Health Transformation, Deakin University, Burwood, VIC, Australia
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10
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Russo G, Jesus TS, Deane K, Osman AY, McCoy D. Epidemics, Lockdown Measures and Vulnerable Populations: A Mixed-Methods Systematic Review of the Evidence of Impacts on Mother and Child Health in Low-and Lower-Middle-Income Countries. Int J Health Policy Manag 2022; 11:2003-2021. [PMID: 34894643 PMCID: PMC9808285 DOI: 10.34172/ijhpm.2021.155] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2021] [Accepted: 11/06/2021] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The aim of this research was to synthetise the existing evidence on the impact of epidemic-related lockdown measures on women and children's health in low- and lower-middle-income countries (LLMICs). METHODS A mixed-methods systematic review was conducted of qualitative, quantitative and mixed-methods evidence. Between 1st and 10th of November 2021, seven scientific databases were searched. The inclusion criteria were that the paper provided evidence on the impact of lockdown and related measures, focused on LLMICs, addressed impacts on women and child's health, addressed epidemics from 2000-2020, was peer-reviewed, provided original evidence, and was published in English. The Joanne Briggs Institute's critical appraisal tools were used to assess the quality of the studies, and the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines for reporting. The evidence from the papers was grouped by type of lockdown measure and categories of impact, using a narrative data-based convergent synthesis design. RESULTS The review process identified 46 papers meeting the inclusion criteria from 17 countries that focussed on the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) and Ebola epidemics. The evidence on the decrease of utilisation of health services showed plummeting immunisation rates and faltering use of maternal and perinatal services, which was linked to a growth of premature deaths. Impacts on the mental health of children and women were convincingly established, with lockdowns associated with surges in depression, anxiety and low life satisfaction. Vulnerability may be compounded by lockdowns, as livelihoods were disrupted, and poverty levels increased. CONCLUSION Limitations included that searches were conducted in late-2020 as new research was being published, and that some evidence not published in English may have been excluded. Epidemic-related lockdown measures carry consequences for the health of women and children in lower-income settings. Governments will need to weigh the trade-offs of introducing such measures and consider policies to mitigate their impacts on the most vulnerable.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giuliano Russo
- Wolfson Institute of Population Health, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK
| | - Tiago Silva Jesus
- Global Health & Tropical Medicine, Instituto de Higiene e Medicina Tropical, Nova University of Lisbon, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Kevin Deane
- Faculty of Arts & Social Sciences, School of Social Sciences & Global Studies, Open University, Milton Keynes, UK
| | | | - David McCoy
- Wolfson Institute of Population Health, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK
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11
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Deb N, Roy P. Internet addiction, depression, anxiety and stress among first year medical students after COVID-19 lockdown: A cross sectional study in West Bengal, India. J Family Med Prim Care 2022; 11:6402-6406. [PMID: 36618151 PMCID: PMC9810868 DOI: 10.4103/jfmpc.jfmpc_809_22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2022] [Revised: 06/10/2022] [Accepted: 06/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Objectives 1. To assess the impact of COVID-19 lockdown on Internet addiction on first year medical students. 2. To evaluate the associations, if any, between internet addiction, anxiety, depression and stress. Methods Internet addiction, depression, anxiety and stress among medical students across West Bengal have been studied using Young's Internet Addiction Test (IAT) scale and the Depression, Anxiety and Stress Scale (DASS-21). A web-based questionnaire was made and circulated via different social media platforms. All interested candidates who gave consent were included in the study. All statistical analyses were done using SPSS version 25.0. Results The study population consisted of 37.2% of males and 63.8% of females. 80.23% of the participants showed moderate levels of internet addiction. Strong positive correlation was found between anxiety and stress (r = 0.83, P < 0.05), depression and anxiety (r = 0.92, P < 0.05) and between depression and stress (r = 0.86, P < 0.05). Conclusion The unprecedented ramifications of lockdown are incessant, with internet addiction, magnification in depression, anxiety and stress to name a few. Internet addiction coupled with psychological disorders still remains a matter of concern for medical students.
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Affiliation(s)
- Novonil Deb
- North Bengal Medical College, Sushrutnagar, Siliguri, West Bengal, India
| | - Poulami Roy
- North Bengal Medical College, Sushrutnagar, Siliguri, West Bengal, India,Address for correspondence: Ms. Poulami Roy, North Bengal Medical College, Darjeeling, West Bengal - 734012, India. E-mail:
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Gupta MD, Basu A, Thakurta R. Re-examining the relationship between interpersonal reactivity index sub-scales and mental well-being: Implications of the pandemic. Acta Psychol (Amst) 2022; 228:103621. [PMID: 35653935 DOI: 10.1016/j.actpsy.2022.103621] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2022] [Revised: 05/17/2022] [Accepted: 05/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/01/2022] Open
Abstract
The pandemic has severely impacted people's Mental Well-being (MWB) globally. Pre-pandemic studies have widely linked MWB with empathy. Against the backdrop of pandemic, we intend to re-examine this association between empathy, as widely measured by the Interpersonal Reactivity Index (IRI) sub-scales: perspective taking, empathic concerns, and personal distress with MWB. For this, a survey using a non-experimental research design was carried out during the 2020 lockdown. We used the Structural Equation Modeling approach to analyse the data. All the standardized scales have been tested for unidimensionality, reliability, and validity. We also resort to a self-administered questionnaire consisting of questions related to day-to-day activities to support the empirical findings. Results demonstrate a positive relationship between perspective taking and empathic concern with MWB and a negative relationship between personal distress and MWB. The response to the self-administered questionnaire corroborates with our model results and presents the scope of interpreting the findings. In continuation, limitations, contributions, and future scope conclude this essay.
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Sampogna G, Ventriglio A, Di Vincenzo M, Del Vecchio V, Giallonardo V, Bianchini V, Fiorillo A. Mental health and well-being of LGBTQ+ people during the COVID-19 pandemic. Int Rev Psychiatry 2022; 34:432-438. [PMID: 36151840 DOI: 10.1080/09540261.2021.2019686] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
The COVID-19 pandemic has had a profound negative impact on the mental health of the general population. The COVID-19 pandemic and its related containment measures have increased structural disadvantages faced by marginalized communities, such as LGBTQ+ people. LGBTQ+ is an acronym used to identify lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender and queer people plus all community members using different terms to describe their sexual orientation or gender identity. It is likely that the COVID-19 pandemic has exposed them to increased minority stress, which can also affect their physical health. Since the beginning of the pandemic, the few available studies on the mental health of LGBTQ+ have reported frequent worries about the future, negative emotions, and feelings of uncertainty. Moreover, they have faced further difficulties such as undertaking hormone therapy, accessing to health facilities or living with family members not accepting their condition. The COVID-19 pandemic has added a significant burden to the well-being of LGBTQ+ people, and therefore there is the need to provide them with dedicated supportive interventions in order to promote the early detection of mental health problems or of full-blown mental disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gaia Sampogna
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Campania Luigi Vanvitelli, Largo Madonna delle Grazie, Naples, Italy
| | - Antonio Ventriglio
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Foggia, Foggia, Italy
| | - Matteo Di Vincenzo
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Campania Luigi Vanvitelli, Largo Madonna delle Grazie, Naples, Italy
| | - Valeria Del Vecchio
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Campania Luigi Vanvitelli, Largo Madonna delle Grazie, Naples, Italy
| | - Vincenzo Giallonardo
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Campania Luigi Vanvitelli, Largo Madonna delle Grazie, Naples, Italy
| | - Valeria Bianchini
- Department of Life, Health and Environmental Sciences, Psychiatric Unit: Trattamenti Riabilitativi Psicosociali, Interventi Precoci, TRIP, Psychosocial Rehabilitation Treatment, Early Interventions University Unit, University of L'Aquila, L'Aquila, Italy
| | - Andrea Fiorillo
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Campania Luigi Vanvitelli, Largo Madonna delle Grazie, Naples, Italy
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Izdebski Z, Słowikowska-Hilczer J, Mazur J. The Effect of the COVID-19 Pandemic on the Assessment of Sexual Life-Repeated Cross-Sectional Surveys among Polish Adults in 2017, 2020 and 2021. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:ijerph19074110. [PMID: 35409792 PMCID: PMC8998642 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph19074110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2022] [Revised: 03/27/2022] [Accepted: 03/28/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
The study aims to investigate whether assessment of sexual life remained stable during the COVID-19 pandemic. Two surveys were conducted among Polish adults aged 18–70 years in June 2020 (n = 2042; perspective of last 2–3 months) and in June 2021 (n = 2418; last 12 months). Data from 2017 (n = 1980) were used as a reference point. Four questions allowed for defining five sexual life assessment profiles (k-means cluster analysis). Their characteristics were presented using 12 variables and 16 factors that contributed to difficulties in sexual life. The 2020 survey showed a temporary increase in the importance of sexual life and the frequency of sexual intercourse. However, the percentage of respondents representing the most favorable profile decreased significantly over the consecutive survey periods (47.1%, 34.2%, and 32.3%, respectively). Pandemic-induced fatigue and stress as well as the permanent presence of others at home were reported as two main factors negatively affecting the frequency of sexual intercourse during the pandemic. Respondents who assessed their sexual life as poor were more likely to consider illness, depression, and low self-esteem as factors negatively impacting their sexual life in 2021 than a year earlier. The results confirmed that as the pandemic drew on, the assessment of sexual life changed compared to the time around the first lockdown.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zbigniew Izdebski
- Department of Biomedical Aspects of Development and Sexology, Faculty of Education, Warsaw University, 00-561 Warsaw, Poland
- Department of Humanization in Medicine and Sexology, Collegium Medicum, University of Zielona Gora, 65-729 Zielona Gora, Poland
| | | | - Joanna Mazur
- Department of Humanization in Medicine and Sexology, Collegium Medicum, University of Zielona Gora, 65-729 Zielona Gora, Poland
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15
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Beaglehole B, Williman J, Bell C, Stanley J, Jenkins M, Gendall P, Hoek J, Rapsey C, Every-Palmer S. Thriving in a pandemic: Determinants of excellent wellbeing among New Zealanders during the 2020 COVID-19 lockdown; a cross-sectional survey. PLoS One 2022; 17:e0262745. [PMID: 35239672 PMCID: PMC8893611 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0262745] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2021] [Accepted: 01/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The COVID-19 pandemic and associated restrictions are associated with adverse psychological impacts but an assessment of positive wellbeing is required to understand the overall impacts of the pandemic. METHODS The NZ Lockdown Psychological Distress Survey is an on-line cross-sectional survey of 3487 New Zealanders undertaken during a strict lockdown for COVID-19. The lockdown extended from 25 March 2020 to 28 April 2020 and the survey was undertaken between 15 April 2020 and 27 April 2020. The survey measured excellent wellbeing categorised by a WHO-Five Well-being Index (WHO-5) score ≥22. The survey also contained demographic and pre-lockdown questions, subjective and objective lockdown experiences, and questions on alcohol use. The proportion of participants with excellent wellbeing is reported with multivariate analysis examining the relative importance of individual factors associated with excellent wellbeing. RESULTS Approximately 9% of the overall sample (303 participants) reported excellent wellbeing during the New Zealand lockdown. In the multivariable analysis, excellent wellbeing status was positively associated with increasing age (p<0.001), male gender (p = 0.044), Māori and Asian ethnicity (p = 0.008), and lower levels of education (certificate/diploma level qualification or less) (p<0.001). Excellent wellbeing was negatively associated with smoking (p = 0.001), poor physical (p<0.001) and mental health (p = 0.002), and previous trauma (p = 0.033). CONCLUSION Nine percent of New Zealanders reported excellent wellbeing during severe COVID-19 pandemic restrictions. Demographic and broader health factors predicted excellent wellbeing status. An understanding of these factors may help to enhance wellbeing during any future lockdowns.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ben Beaglehole
- Department of Psychological Medicine, University of Otago, Christchurch, New Zealand
| | - Jonathan Williman
- Department of Population Health, University of Otago, Christchurch, New Zealand
| | - Caroline Bell
- Department of Psychological Medicine, University of Otago, Christchurch, New Zealand
| | - James Stanley
- Department of Public Health, University of Otago, Wellington, New Zealand
| | - Matthew Jenkins
- Department of Psychological Medicine, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand
| | - Philip Gendall
- Department of Public Health, University of Otago, Wellington, New Zealand
| | - Janet Hoek
- Department of Public Health, University of Otago, Wellington, New Zealand
| | - Charlene Rapsey
- Department of Psychological Medicine, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand
| | - Susanna Every-Palmer
- Department of Psychological Medicine, University of Otago, Wellington, New Zealand
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Ellakany P, Zuñiga RAA, El Tantawi M, Brown B, Aly NM, Ezechi O, Uzochukwu B, Abeldaño GF, Ara E, Ayanore MA, Gaffar B, Al-Khanati NM, Ishabiyi AO, Jafer M, Khan ATA, Khalid Z, Lawal FB, Lusher J, Nzimande NP, Osamika BE, Quadri MFA, Roque M, Shamala A, Al-Tammemi AB, Yousaf MA, Virtanen JI, Nguyen AL, Folayan MO. Impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on student' sleep patterns, sexual activity, screen use, and food intake: A global survey. PLoS One 2022; 17:e0262617. [PMID: 35089943 PMCID: PMC8797200 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0262617] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2021] [Accepted: 12/30/2021] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The education sector experienced substantial impacts during the COVID-19 pandemic resulting from worldwide restrictions. Purpose To examine differences in the sleep patterns, sexual activity, screen use, and food intake of students and non-students during the COVID-19 pandemic. Methods This was a global cross-sectional study conducted in the second half of 2020 using multiple social media platforms to recruit study participants globally. A close-ended questionnaire was administered anonymously in English, French, Spanish, Portuguese, and Arabic to adults ages 18 and older. The outcome variables considered in analyses were changes in sleep pattern, sexual activity, screen use, and food intake. The explanatory variable was student status categorized as students vs. non-student. T-test, chi-square, and Mann Whitney U tests were used to assess differences between student and non-student populations. One logistic regression model was built for each outcome variable. Country of residence and country income level were included in the adjusted models. Results There were 17,008 participants of which 3,793 (22.3%) were students. Of the total sample, 4,889 (28.7%) reported changes in sleep, 4,642 (31.8%) reported increases in sexual activity, 10,278 (70.7%) reported increases in screen use, and 5,662 (40.2%) reported increases in food intake during the pandemic. Compared to non-students, students had significantly higher odds of reporting changes in sleep (AOR = 1.52), increases in sexual activity (AOR = 1.79), and increases in screen use (AOR = 1.36) but lower odds of reporting increase in food intake (AOR = 0.87). Conclusion Students displayed higher risk of experiencing changes in sleep, sexual behavior, and screen use during the COVID-19 pandemic. This has the potential to lead to broader adverse effects on students’ overall wellbeing. The findings and implications raise further obligations on the education sector to put extra-curricular support systems in place that address COVID-19 related behavior changes that have the potential to adversely impact students’ wellbeing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Passent Ellakany
- Mental Health and Wellness Study Group, Oaxaca, Mexico
- Department of Substitutive Dental Sciences, College of Dentistry, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam, Saudi Arabia
- * E-mail:
| | - Roberto Ariel Abeldaño Zuñiga
- Mental Health and Wellness Study Group, Oaxaca, Mexico
- Postgraduate Department, University of Sierra Sur, Oaxaca, Mexico
| | - Maha El Tantawi
- Mental Health and Wellness Study Group, Oaxaca, Mexico
- Faculty of Dentistry, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
| | - Brandon Brown
- Mental Health and Wellness Study Group, Oaxaca, Mexico
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Nigerian Institute of Medical Research, Lagos, Nigeria
| | - Nourhan M. Aly
- Mental Health and Wellness Study Group, Oaxaca, Mexico
- Faculty of Dentistry, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
| | - Oliver Ezechi
- Mental Health and Wellness Study Group, Oaxaca, Mexico
- Department of Social Medicine, Population and Public Health, University of California, Riverside School of Medicine, Riverside, California, United States of America
| | - Benjamin Uzochukwu
- Mental Health and Wellness Study Group, Oaxaca, Mexico
- University of Nigeria Nsukka, (UNN) Enugu Campus, Nsukka, Nigeria
| | - Giuliana Florencia Abeldaño
- Mental Health and Wellness Study Group, Oaxaca, Mexico
- School of Medicine, University of Sierra Sur, Oaxaca, Mexico
| | - Eshrat Ara
- Mental Health and Wellness Study Group, Oaxaca, Mexico
- Government College for Women, Srinagar, Kashmir (J&K), India
| | - Martin Amogre Ayanore
- Mental Health and Wellness Study Group, Oaxaca, Mexico
- Department of Health Policy Planning and Management, University of Health and Allied Sciences, Ho, Ghana
| | - Balgis Gaffar
- Mental Health and Wellness Study Group, Oaxaca, Mexico
- Department of Preventive Dental Sciences, College of Dentistry, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam, Saudi Arabia
| | - Nuraldeen Maher Al-Khanati
- Mental Health and Wellness Study Group, Oaxaca, Mexico
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Faculty of Dentistry, Syrian Private University, Damascus, Syria
| | - Anthonia Omotola Ishabiyi
- Mental Health and Wellness Study Group, Oaxaca, Mexico
- Centre for Rural Health, School of Nursing and Public Health, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, South Africa
| | - Mohammed Jafer
- Mental Health and Wellness Study Group, Oaxaca, Mexico
- Department of Health Promotion, Faculty of Health, Medicine and Life Sciences, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Abeedha Tu-Allah Khan
- Mental Health and Wellness Study Group, Oaxaca, Mexico
- School of Biological Sciences, University of the Punjab, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Zumama Khalid
- Mental Health and Wellness Study Group, Oaxaca, Mexico
- School of Biological Sciences, University of the Punjab, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Folake Barakat Lawal
- Mental Health and Wellness Study Group, Oaxaca, Mexico
- Department of Periodontology and Community Dentistry, University of Ibadan and University College Hospital, Ibadan, Nigeria
| | - Joanne Lusher
- Mental Health and Wellness Study Group, Oaxaca, Mexico
- Regent’s University London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Ntombifuthi P. Nzimande
- Mental Health and Wellness Study Group, Oaxaca, Mexico
- Department of Economic and Human Geography, University of Szeged, Szeged, Hungary
| | - Bamidele Emmanuel Osamika
- Mental Health and Wellness Study Group, Oaxaca, Mexico
- Department of Child Oral Health, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria
| | - Mir Faeq Ali Quadri
- Mental Health and Wellness Study Group, Oaxaca, Mexico
- Department of Preventive Dental Sciences, Dental Public Health, College of Dentistry, Jazan University, Jizan, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mark Roque
- Mental Health and Wellness Study Group, Oaxaca, Mexico
- Maternity and Childhood Nursing Department, College of Nursing, Taibah University, Madinah, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Anas Shamala
- Mental Health and Wellness Study Group, Oaxaca, Mexico
- Department of Preventive and Biomedical Science, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Science and Technology, Sanaa, Yemen
| | - Ala’a B. Al-Tammemi
- Mental Health and Wellness Study Group, Oaxaca, Mexico
- Doctoral School of Health Sciences, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Muhammad Abrar Yousaf
- Mental Health and Wellness Study Group, Oaxaca, Mexico
- Institute of Zoology, University of the Punjab, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Jorma I. Virtanen
- Mental Health and Wellness Study Group, Oaxaca, Mexico
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
| | - Annie Lu Nguyen
- Mental Health and Wellness Study Group, Oaxaca, Mexico
- Department of Family Medicine, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, United States of America
| | - Morenike Oluwatoyin Folayan
- Mental Health and Wellness Study Group, Oaxaca, Mexico
- Department of Child Dental Health, Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile-Ife, Nigeria
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Kumar N, Janmohamed K, Nyhan K, Forastiere L, Zhang WH, Kågesten A, Uhlich M, Sarpong Frimpong A, Van de Velde S, Francis JM, Erausquin JT, Larrson E, Callander D, Scott J, Minichiello V, Tucker J. Sexual health (excluding reproductive health, intimate partner violence and gender-based violence) and COVID-19: a scoping review. Sex Transm Infect 2021; 97:402-410. [PMID: 33782145 PMCID: PMC8380886 DOI: 10.1136/sextrans-2020-054896] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2020] [Revised: 02/20/2021] [Accepted: 02/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The COVID-19 pandemic has exposed and exacerbated existing socioeconomic and health disparities, including disparities in sexual health and well-being. While there have been several reviews published on COVID-19 and population health disparities generally-including some with attention to HIV-none has focused on sexual health (ie, STI care, female sexual health, sexual behaviour). We have conducted a scoping review focused on sexual health (excluding reproductive health (RH), intimate partner violence (IPV) and gender-based violence (GBV)) in the COVID-19 era, examining sexual behaviours and sexual health outcomes. METHODS A scoping review, compiling both peer-reviewed and grey literature, focused on sexual health (excluding RH, IPV and GBV) and COVID-19 was conducted on 15 September 2020. Multiple bibliographical databases were searched. Study selection conformed to Joanna Briggs Institute (JBI) Reviewers' Manual 2015 Methodology for JBI Scoping Reviews. We only included English-language original studies. RESULTS We found that men who have sex with men may be moving back toward pre-pandemic levels of sexual activity, and that STI and HIV testing rates seem to have decreased. There was minimal focus on outcomes such as the economic impact on sexual health (excluding RH, IPV and GBV) and STI care, especially STI care of marginalised populations. In terms of population groups, there was limited focus on sex workers or on women, especially women's sexual behaviour and mental health. We noticed limited use of qualitative techniques. Very few studies were in low/middle-income countries (LMICs). CONCLUSIONS Sexual health research is critical during a global infectious disease pandemic and our review of studies suggested notable research gaps. Researchers can focus efforts on LMICs and under-researched topics within sexual health and explore the use of qualitative techniques and interventions where appropriate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Navin Kumar
- Department of Sociology, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut, USA
| | - Kamila Janmohamed
- Department of Sociology, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut, USA
| | - Kate Nyhan
- Harvey Cushing/John Hay Whitney Medical Library, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, USA
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Yale School of Public Health, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Laura Forastiere
- Department of Biostatistics, Yale School of Public Health, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Wei-Hong Zhang
- School of Public Health, Free University of Brussels, Brussels, Belgium
- International Centre for Reproductive Health, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Anna Kågesten
- Department of Global Public Health, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | | | | | - Sarah Van de Velde
- Department of Sociology, Centre for Population, Family and Health, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Joel M Francis
- Department of Family Medicine and Primary Care, School of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg-Braamfontein, Gauteng, South Africa
| | - Jennifer Toller Erausquin
- Public Health Education, University of North Carolina at Greensboro, Greensboro, North Carolina, USA
| | - Elin Larrson
- Department of Global Public Health, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
- Department of Women's and Children's Health, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Deton Callander
- Department of Epidemiology, Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
| | - John Scott
- School of Social Justice, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - Victor Minichiello
- School of Social Justice, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
- Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of New England, Armidale, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Joseph Tucker
- University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA
- School of Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
- Faculty of Infectious and Tropical Diseases, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, UK
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Psychiatric impacts of the COVID-19 global pandemic on U.S. sexual and gender minority young adults. Psychiatry Res 2021; 299:113855. [PMID: 33721788 PMCID: PMC8278978 DOI: 10.1016/j.psychres.2021.113855] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2020] [Accepted: 03/01/2021] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
The COVID-19 pandemic has caused unprecedented isolation and mental health effects; few studies have characterized this in sexual and gender (SGM) minority young people, a particularly vulnerable population. This cross-sectional study sought to analyze the mental health outcomes of SGM young people (18-30 years) during the early stages of the pandemic in the United States (April 13-June 18, 2020) and to explore how factors related to SGM identity impact mental health, such as lifetime discrimination, family support, and pre-existing mental health conditions. An online survey collected socio-demographic information and assessed for both mental health (depression (PHQ-8), anxiety (GAD-7), PTSD (PCL-C)) and COVID-19-related outcomes (COVID-19-related worries and COVID-19-related grief). Out of 981 participants, 320 (32.6%) identified as SGM. SGM had significantly higher levels of depression and PTSD symptoms as well as COVID-19-related worries and grief than non-SGM, even after controlling for family support, lifetime discrimination, and pre-existing mental health diagnoses. These findings suggest that not only has the COVID-19 pandemic disproportionately impacted SGM mental health, but that minority stress factors cannot fully explain this impact. Thus, clinicians and societal stakeholders (schools, employers, policymakers) must think beyond traditional minority stress factors (family support, discrimination) and pre-pandemic disparities to support this vulnerable population as the pandemic progresses.
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19
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Singh RK, Bajpai R, Kaswan P. COVID-19 pandemic and psychological wellbeing among health care workers and general population: A systematic-review and meta-analysis of the current evidence from India. CLINICAL EPIDEMIOLOGY AND GLOBAL HEALTH 2021; 11:100737. [PMID: 33898866 PMCID: PMC8055546 DOI: 10.1016/j.cegh.2021.100737] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2020] [Revised: 03/09/2021] [Accepted: 04/04/2021] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) was declared as pandemic and measures adopted for its control included quarantine of at-risk, isolation of infected along with other measures such as lockdown, restrictions on movement, and social interactions. Both the pandemic and these measures have the potential to cause mental health problems among individuals. Objective The present study aimed to investigate and estimate the prevalence of psychological well-being, particularly from an Indian perspective using systematic review and meta-analysis of existing literature. Methods We searched in the PubMed database, starting from the onset of the current pandemic and until 10th October 2020 to synthesize evidence on mental health outcomes from India. DerSimonian and Laird method of the random-effects meta-analysis was employed and heterogeneity between studies was assessed using the Chi-square based Cochran's Q statistic and I-squared (I2) statistics. Results The pooled prevalence of stress in nine studies was 60.7% (95% CI: 42.3%–77.7%), depression in eight studies was 32.7% (95% CI: 24.6%–41.3%), anxiety in six studies was 34.1% (95% CI: 26.3%–42.3%) and sleep disturbances in six studies was 26.7% (95% CI: 13.9%–41.8%). As expected, high heterogeneity was observed in the above-mentioned outcomes. Sub-group analysis showed that Health Care Workers (HCWs) had a higher prevalence of stress, anxiety, depression & psychological distress in comparison to the general population. Conclusion A significant impact on psychological well-being during COVID-19 was observed in India as common adverse outcomes were stress (61%), psychological distress (43%), anxiety (34%), depression (33%), and sleep disturbances (27%). Thus the COVID-19 pandemic represents an unprecedented threat to mental health, which should become a priority for public health strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Ram Bajpai
- School of Medicine, Keele University, Staffordshire, UK
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Trabelsi K, Ammar A, Masmoudi L, Boukhris O, Chtourou H, Bouaziz B, Brach M, Bentlage E, How D, Ahmed M, Mueller P, Mueller N, Hsouna H, Elghoul Y, Romdhani M, Hammouda O, Paineiras-Domingos LL, Braakman-Jansen A, Wrede C, Bastoni S, Pernambuco CS, Mataruna-Dos-Santos LJ, Taheri M, Irandoust K, Bragazzi NL, Strahler J, Washif JA, Andreeva A, Bailey SJ, Acton J, Mitchell E, Bott NT, Gargouri F, Chaari L, Batatia H, Khoshnami SC, Samara E, Zisi V, Sankar P, Ahmed WN, Ali GM, Abdelkarim O, Jarraya M, Abed KE, Moalla W, Souissi N, Aloui A, Souissi N, Gemert-Pijnen LV, Riemann BL, Riemann L, Delhey J, Gómez-Raja J, Epstein M, Sanderman R, Schulz S, Jerg A, Al-Horani R, Mansi T, Dergaa I, Jmail M, Barbosa F, Ferreira-Santos F, Šimunič B, Pišot R, Pišot S, Gaggioli A, Steinacker J, Zmijewski P, Apfelbacher C, Glenn JM, Khacharem A, Clark CC, Saad HB, Chamari K, Driss T, Hoekelmann A. Sleep Quality and Physical Activity as Predictors of Mental Wellbeing Variance in Older Adults during COVID-19 Lockdown: ECLB COVID-19 International Online Survey. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2021; 18:4329. [PMID: 33921852 PMCID: PMC8073845 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph18084329] [Citation(s) in RCA: 80] [Impact Index Per Article: 26.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2021] [Revised: 04/15/2021] [Accepted: 04/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The COVID-19 lockdown could engender disruption to lifestyle behaviors, thus impairing mental wellbeing in the general population. This study investigated whether sociodemographic variables, changes in physical activity, and sleep quality from pre- to during lockdown were predictors of change in mental wellbeing in quarantined older adults. METHODS A 12-week international online survey was launched in 14 languages on 6 April 2020. Forty-one research institutions from Europe, Western-Asia, North-Africa, and the Americas, promoted the survey. The survey was presented in a differential format with questions related to responses "pre" and "during" the lockdown period. Participants responded to the Short Warwick-Edinburgh Mental Wellbeing Scale, the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) questionnaire, and the short form of the International Physical Activity Questionnaire. RESULTS Replies from older adults (aged >55 years, n = 517), mainly from Europe (50.1%), Western-Asia (6.8%), America (30%), and North-Africa (9.3%) were analyzed. The COVID-19 lockdown led to significantly decreased mental wellbeing, sleep quality, and total physical activity energy expenditure levels (all p < 0.001). Regression analysis showed that the change in total PSQI score and total physical activity energy expenditure (F(2, 514) = 66.41 p < 0.001) were significant predictors of the decrease in mental wellbeing from pre- to during lockdown (p < 0.001, R2: 0.20). CONCLUSION COVID-19 lockdown deleteriously affected physical activity and sleep patterns. Furthermore, change in the total PSQI score and total physical activity energy expenditure were significant predictors for the decrease in mental wellbeing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Khaled Trabelsi
- High Institute of Sport and Physical Education of Sfax, University of Sfax, Sfax 3000, Tunisia; (K.T.); (L.M.); (O.B.); (H.C.); (H.H.); (Y.E.); (O.H.); (M.J.); (K.E.A.); (W.M.); (N.S.)
- Research Laboratory: Education, Motricity, Sport and Health, EM2S, LR19JS01, University of Sfax, Sfax 3000, Tunisia
| | - Achraf Ammar
- Institute of Sport Science, Otto-Von-Guericke University, 39106 Magdeburg, Germany;
- Interdisciplinary Laboratory in Neurosciences, Physiology and Psychology: Physical Activity, Health and Learning (LINP2), UFR STAPS, UPL, Paris Nanterre University, 92000 Nanterre, France;
| | - Liwa Masmoudi
- High Institute of Sport and Physical Education of Sfax, University of Sfax, Sfax 3000, Tunisia; (K.T.); (L.M.); (O.B.); (H.C.); (H.H.); (Y.E.); (O.H.); (M.J.); (K.E.A.); (W.M.); (N.S.)
- Research Laboratory: Education, Motricity, Sport and Health, EM2S, LR19JS01, University of Sfax, Sfax 3000, Tunisia
| | - Omar Boukhris
- High Institute of Sport and Physical Education of Sfax, University of Sfax, Sfax 3000, Tunisia; (K.T.); (L.M.); (O.B.); (H.C.); (H.H.); (Y.E.); (O.H.); (M.J.); (K.E.A.); (W.M.); (N.S.)
- Physical Activity, Sport, and Health, UR18JS01, National Observatory of Sport, Tunis 1003, Tunisia; (M.R.); (A.A.); (N.S.)
| | - Hamdi Chtourou
- High Institute of Sport and Physical Education of Sfax, University of Sfax, Sfax 3000, Tunisia; (K.T.); (L.M.); (O.B.); (H.C.); (H.H.); (Y.E.); (O.H.); (M.J.); (K.E.A.); (W.M.); (N.S.)
- Physical Activity, Sport, and Health, UR18JS01, National Observatory of Sport, Tunis 1003, Tunisia; (M.R.); (A.A.); (N.S.)
| | - Bassem Bouaziz
- Multimedia InfoRmation Systems and Advanced Computing Laboratory (MIRACL), Higher Institute of Computer Science and Multimedia of Sfax, University of Sfax, Sfax 3000, Tunisia; (B.B.); (F.G.)
| | - Michael Brach
- Institute of Sport and Exercise Sciences, University of Münster, 48149 Münster, Germany; (M.B.); (E.B.); (D.H.); (M.A.)
| | - Ellen Bentlage
- Institute of Sport and Exercise Sciences, University of Münster, 48149 Münster, Germany; (M.B.); (E.B.); (D.H.); (M.A.)
| | - Daniella How
- Institute of Sport and Exercise Sciences, University of Münster, 48149 Münster, Germany; (M.B.); (E.B.); (D.H.); (M.A.)
| | - Mona Ahmed
- Institute of Sport and Exercise Sciences, University of Münster, 48149 Münster, Germany; (M.B.); (E.B.); (D.H.); (M.A.)
| | - Patrick Mueller
- Research Group Neuroprotection, German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), 39120 Magdeburg, Germany; (P.M.); (N.M.)
- Department of Neurology, Medical Faculty, Otto-Von-Guericke University, 39120 Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Notger Mueller
- Research Group Neuroprotection, German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), 39120 Magdeburg, Germany; (P.M.); (N.M.)
- Department of Neurology, Medical Faculty, Otto-Von-Guericke University, 39120 Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Hsen Hsouna
- High Institute of Sport and Physical Education of Sfax, University of Sfax, Sfax 3000, Tunisia; (K.T.); (L.M.); (O.B.); (H.C.); (H.H.); (Y.E.); (O.H.); (M.J.); (K.E.A.); (W.M.); (N.S.)
- Physical Activity, Sport, and Health, UR18JS01, National Observatory of Sport, Tunis 1003, Tunisia; (M.R.); (A.A.); (N.S.)
| | - Yousri Elghoul
- High Institute of Sport and Physical Education of Sfax, University of Sfax, Sfax 3000, Tunisia; (K.T.); (L.M.); (O.B.); (H.C.); (H.H.); (Y.E.); (O.H.); (M.J.); (K.E.A.); (W.M.); (N.S.)
- Research Laboratory: Education, Motricity, Sport and Health, EM2S, LR19JS01, University of Sfax, Sfax 3000, Tunisia
| | - Mohamed Romdhani
- Physical Activity, Sport, and Health, UR18JS01, National Observatory of Sport, Tunis 1003, Tunisia; (M.R.); (A.A.); (N.S.)
| | - Omar Hammouda
- High Institute of Sport and Physical Education of Sfax, University of Sfax, Sfax 3000, Tunisia; (K.T.); (L.M.); (O.B.); (H.C.); (H.H.); (Y.E.); (O.H.); (M.J.); (K.E.A.); (W.M.); (N.S.)
- Interdisciplinary Laboratory in Neurosciences, Physiology and Psychology: Physical Activity, Health and Learning (LINP2), UFR STAPS, UPL, Paris Nanterre University, 92000 Nanterre, France;
| | - Laisa Liane Paineiras-Domingos
- Programa de Pós-graduação em Ciências Médicas, Faculdade de Ciências Médicas, Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro 20550-170, Brazil;
- Departamento de Fisioterapia, Faculdade Bezerra de Araújo, Rio de Janeiro 23052-180, Brazil
| | - Annemarie Braakman-Jansen
- Department of Psychology, Health & Technology, University of Twente, 7522 Enschede, The Netherlands; (A.B.-J.); (C.W.); (S.B.); (L.V.G.-P.)
| | - Christian Wrede
- Department of Psychology, Health & Technology, University of Twente, 7522 Enschede, The Netherlands; (A.B.-J.); (C.W.); (S.B.); (L.V.G.-P.)
| | - Sofia Bastoni
- Department of Psychology, Health & Technology, University of Twente, 7522 Enschede, The Netherlands; (A.B.-J.); (C.W.); (S.B.); (L.V.G.-P.)
- Department of Psychology, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, 20123 Milano, Italy
| | - Carlos Soares Pernambuco
- Laboratório de Fisiologia do Exercício, Estácio de Sá University, Rio de Janeiro 20261-063, Brasil;
| | | | - Morteza Taheri
- Faculty of Social Science, Imam Khomeini International University, Qazvin 34148-96818, Iran; (M.T.); (K.I.)
| | - Khadijeh Irandoust
- Faculty of Social Science, Imam Khomeini International University, Qazvin 34148-96818, Iran; (M.T.); (K.I.)
| | - Nicola L. Bragazzi
- Department of Health Sciences, Postgraduate School of Public Health, University of Genoa, 16132 Genoa, Italy;
- Laboratory for Industrial and Applied Mathematics, Department of Mathematics and Statistics, York University, 4700 Keele Street, Toronto, ON M3J 1P3, Canada
| | - Jana Strahler
- Department of Psychology and Sport Science, University of Gießen, 35394 Gießen, Germany;
| | - Jad Adrian Washif
- Sports Performance Division, National Sports Institute of Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur 57000, Malaysia;
| | - Albina Andreeva
- Department of Sports Biomechanics, Moscow Center of Advanced Sport Technologies, 129272 Moscow, Russia;
| | - Stephen J. Bailey
- School of Sport, Exercise and Health Sciences, Loughborough University, Loughborough E11 3TU, UK; (S.J.B.); (J.A.); (E.M.)
| | - Jarred Acton
- School of Sport, Exercise and Health Sciences, Loughborough University, Loughborough E11 3TU, UK; (S.J.B.); (J.A.); (E.M.)
| | - Emma Mitchell
- School of Sport, Exercise and Health Sciences, Loughborough University, Loughborough E11 3TU, UK; (S.J.B.); (J.A.); (E.M.)
| | - Nicholas T. Bott
- Clinical Excellence Research Center, Department of Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA;
| | - Faiez Gargouri
- Multimedia InfoRmation Systems and Advanced Computing Laboratory (MIRACL), Higher Institute of Computer Science and Multimedia of Sfax, University of Sfax, Sfax 3000, Tunisia; (B.B.); (F.G.)
| | - Lotfi Chaari
- Computer Science Department, University of Toulouse, IRIT-INP-ENSEEIHT (UMR 5505), BP 7122 Toulouse, France; (L.C.); (H.B.)
| | - Hadj Batatia
- Computer Science Department, University of Toulouse, IRIT-INP-ENSEEIHT (UMR 5505), BP 7122 Toulouse, France; (L.C.); (H.B.)
| | | | | | - Vasiliki Zisi
- Department of Physical Education and Sports Sciences, University of Thessaly, 421 00 Trikala, Greece;
| | - Parasanth Sankar
- Consultant in Internal Medicine and Diabetes, MGM Muthoot Hospitals Pathanamthitta, Kerala 689645, India;
| | - Waseem N. Ahmed
- Consultant Family Physician, CRAFT Hospital and Research Centre, Kodungallur, Kerala 680664, India;
| | - Gamal Mohamed Ali
- Faculty of Physical Education, Assiut University, Assiut 71515, Egypt; (G.M.A.); (O.A.)
| | - Osama Abdelkarim
- Faculty of Physical Education, Assiut University, Assiut 71515, Egypt; (G.M.A.); (O.A.)
- Institute for Sports and Sports Science, Karlsruher Institut für Technologie, 76131 Karlsruher, Germany
| | - Mohamed Jarraya
- High Institute of Sport and Physical Education of Sfax, University of Sfax, Sfax 3000, Tunisia; (K.T.); (L.M.); (O.B.); (H.C.); (H.H.); (Y.E.); (O.H.); (M.J.); (K.E.A.); (W.M.); (N.S.)
| | - Kais El Abed
- High Institute of Sport and Physical Education of Sfax, University of Sfax, Sfax 3000, Tunisia; (K.T.); (L.M.); (O.B.); (H.C.); (H.H.); (Y.E.); (O.H.); (M.J.); (K.E.A.); (W.M.); (N.S.)
| | - Wassim Moalla
- High Institute of Sport and Physical Education of Sfax, University of Sfax, Sfax 3000, Tunisia; (K.T.); (L.M.); (O.B.); (H.C.); (H.H.); (Y.E.); (O.H.); (M.J.); (K.E.A.); (W.M.); (N.S.)
| | - Nafaa Souissi
- High Institute of Sport and Physical Education of Sfax, University of Sfax, Sfax 3000, Tunisia; (K.T.); (L.M.); (O.B.); (H.C.); (H.H.); (Y.E.); (O.H.); (M.J.); (K.E.A.); (W.M.); (N.S.)
| | - Asma Aloui
- Physical Activity, Sport, and Health, UR18JS01, National Observatory of Sport, Tunis 1003, Tunisia; (M.R.); (A.A.); (N.S.)
| | - Nizar Souissi
- Physical Activity, Sport, and Health, UR18JS01, National Observatory of Sport, Tunis 1003, Tunisia; (M.R.); (A.A.); (N.S.)
| | - Lisette Van Gemert-Pijnen
- Department of Psychology, Health & Technology, University of Twente, 7522 Enschede, The Netherlands; (A.B.-J.); (C.W.); (S.B.); (L.V.G.-P.)
| | - Bryan L. Riemann
- Department of Health Sciences and Kinesiology, Georgia Southern University, Statesboro, GA 30458, USA;
| | | | - Jan Delhey
- Institute of Social Science, Otto-Von-Guericke University, 39106 Magdeburg, Germany;
| | - Jonathan Gómez-Raja
- FundeSalud, Department of Health and Social Services, Government of Extremadura, 06800 Merida, Spain;
| | | | - Robbert Sanderman
- Department of Health Psychology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, 9712 Groningen, The Netherlands;
| | - Sebastian Schulz
- Sports- and Rehabilitation Medicine, Ulm University Hospital, Leimgrubenweg 14, 89075 Ulm, Germany; (S.S.); (A.J.); (J.S.)
| | - Achim Jerg
- Sports- and Rehabilitation Medicine, Ulm University Hospital, Leimgrubenweg 14, 89075 Ulm, Germany; (S.S.); (A.J.); (J.S.)
| | - Ramzi Al-Horani
- Department of Exercise Science, Yarmouk University, Irbid 21163, Jordan;
| | - Taysir Mansi
- Faculty of Physical Education, The University of Jordan, Amman 11942, Jordan;
| | - Ismail Dergaa
- PHCC, Primary Health Care Corporation, Doha 3050, Qatar;
| | - Mohamed Jmail
- Digital Research Centre of Sfax, Sfax 3000, Tunisia;
| | - Fernando Barbosa
- Laboratory of Neuropsychophysiology, Faculty of Psychology and Education Sciences, University of Porto, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal; (F.B.); (F.F.-S.)
| | - Fernando Ferreira-Santos
- Laboratory of Neuropsychophysiology, Faculty of Psychology and Education Sciences, University of Porto, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal; (F.B.); (F.F.-S.)
| | - Boštjan Šimunič
- Institute for Kinesiology Research, Science and Research Centre Koper, Garibaldijeva 1, 6000 Koper, Slovenia; (B.Š.); (R.P.); (S.P.)
| | - Rado Pišot
- Institute for Kinesiology Research, Science and Research Centre Koper, Garibaldijeva 1, 6000 Koper, Slovenia; (B.Š.); (R.P.); (S.P.)
| | - Saša Pišot
- Institute for Kinesiology Research, Science and Research Centre Koper, Garibaldijeva 1, 6000 Koper, Slovenia; (B.Š.); (R.P.); (S.P.)
| | - Andrea Gaggioli
- Department of Psychology, Catholic University of the Sacred Heart I UNICATT, 20123 Milano, Italy;
| | - Jürgen Steinacker
- Sports- and Rehabilitation Medicine, Ulm University Hospital, Leimgrubenweg 14, 89075 Ulm, Germany; (S.S.); (A.J.); (J.S.)
| | - Piotr Zmijewski
- Faculty of Physical Education, Jozef Pilsudski University of Physical Education in Warsaw, 00-809 Warsaw, Poland;
| | - Christian Apfelbacher
- Institute for Social Medicine and Health Economy, Otto-Von-Guericke University, 39106 Magdeburg, Germany;
| | - Jordan M. Glenn
- Exercise Science Research Center, Department of Health, Human Performance and Recreation, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, AR 72701, USA;
| | - Aïmen Khacharem
- UVHC, DeVisu, Valenciennes, LIRTES-EA 7313, Université Paris Est Créteil Val de Marne, 94000 Creteil, France;
| | - Cain C.T. Clark
- Centre for Intelligent Healthcare, Coventry University, Coventry CV1 5FB, UK;
| | - Helmi Ben Saad
- Hôpital Farhat HACHED de Sousse, Laboratoire de Recherche “Insuffisance Cardiaque”, Université de Sousse, Sousse LR12SP09, Tunisie;
| | - Karim Chamari
- ASPETAR, Qatar Orthopaedic and Sports Medicine Hospital, Doha 29222, Qatar;
- Laboratory “Sport Performance Optimization”, (CNMSS), ISSEP Ksar-Said, Manouba University, Manouba 2010, Tunisia
| | - Tarak Driss
- Interdisciplinary Laboratory in Neurosciences, Physiology and Psychology: Physical Activity, Health and Learning (LINP2), UFR STAPS, UPL, Paris Nanterre University, 92000 Nanterre, France;
| | - Anita Hoekelmann
- Institute of Sport Science, Otto-Von-Guericke University, 39106 Magdeburg, Germany;
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Ramiz L, Contrand B, Rojas Castro MY, Dupuy M, Lu L, Sztal-Kutas C, Lagarde E. A longitudinal study of mental health before and during COVID-19 lockdown in the French population. Global Health 2021; 17:29. [PMID: 33752717 PMCID: PMC7982911 DOI: 10.1186/s12992-021-00682-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2020] [Accepted: 03/03/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The impact of general population lockdown implemented in the face of the COVID-19 epidemic needs to be evaluated. We describe here a longitudinal study on the mental health of adults in France. METHODS We did a secondary analysis of a web-based cohort, initially set up to study home and leisure injuries, in order to measure the consequences of the national lockdown implemented in France from 17 March 2020 to 11 May 2020, and to assess potential vulnerability and resilience factors. Eligible participants were invited to answer an online questionnaire designed to assess their living conditions and health during lockdown. Comparisons were done with answers provided 4.8 years earlier on average. RESULTS On 15th April 2020, we sent email invitations to 9598 participants recruited between November 2014 and December 2019 and 1237 volunteers took part in the study by completing the online questionnaire. The proportion of those with anxiety symptoms markedly increased from 17.3 to 20.1%. The average self-rated level of mental health decreased from 7.77 to 7.58. Women, the elderly and the youngest appeared to be more vulnerable. A small living space (less than 30 m2) was associated with an increase in depression symptoms (PHQ-9 score), and poorer self-rated physical health at recruitment was associated with an increase in anxiety symptoms (GAD-7 score). On the contrary, the average self-rated level of physical health markedly increased from 7.44 to 7.94 between recruitment and lockdown, and the proportion of those who reported a level of 9 or 10 jumped from 25.7% at recruitment to 43.1% during lockdown. CONCLUSIONS Mental health deteriorated during lockdown in France during the 2020 COVID-19 crisis. Overall, self-rated physical health improved but those who experienced a worse physical health were more likely to report anxiety symptoms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leila Ramiz
- Institut de Santé Publique, d'Epidémiologie et de Développement (ISPED), Université de Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France.,Team IETO, Bordeaux Population Health Research Center, UMR U1219, INSERM, Université de Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France
| | - Benjamin Contrand
- Institut de Santé Publique, d'Epidémiologie et de Développement (ISPED), Université de Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France.,Team IETO, Bordeaux Population Health Research Center, UMR U1219, INSERM, Université de Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France
| | - Madelyn Yiseth Rojas Castro
- Institut de Santé Publique, d'Epidémiologie et de Développement (ISPED), Université de Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France.,Team IETO, Bordeaux Population Health Research Center, UMR U1219, INSERM, Université de Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France
| | - Marion Dupuy
- Calyxis, Centre of risk expertise, Niort, France
| | - Li Lu
- Institut de Santé Publique, d'Epidémiologie et de Développement (ISPED), Université de Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France. .,Team IETO, Bordeaux Population Health Research Center, UMR U1219, INSERM, Université de Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France.
| | | | - Emmanuel Lagarde
- Institut de Santé Publique, d'Epidémiologie et de Développement (ISPED), Université de Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France. .,Team IETO, Bordeaux Population Health Research Center, UMR U1219, INSERM, Université de Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France.
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Marinaci T, Carpinelli L, Venuleo C, Savarese G, Cavallo P. Emotional distress, psychosomatic symptoms and their relationship with institutional responses: A survey of Italian frontline medical staff during the Covid-19 pandemic. Heliyon 2020; 6:e05766. [PMID: 33364513 PMCID: PMC7753907 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2020.e05766] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2020] [Revised: 10/27/2020] [Accepted: 12/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
With the advent of Covid-19, health workers have been under constant physical and psychological pressure. Italy was among the first countries to face the health emergency in a period of great uncertainty about the virus and the ways to treat patients. The present study aims to analyse the levels of emotional distress (ED) and psychosomatic symptoms (PS) of Italian frontline health workers during the Covid-19 emergency, and their relationship with the evaluation of the institutional responses received. A survey was available online during the peak of health system overload. Health workers' ED, PS and perceived overall wellbeing were assessed, along with the perceived adequacy of the emotional support, hygiene and safety measures, and protection received from the national government, regional administration and local hospital. A total of 103 questionnaires were collected [Women: 51.5%; mean age, 41.8 years; SD: ±10,7; high-risk zone: 41.7%]. Correlation analyses were applied to investigate the relationship between the measures of emotional distress and psychosomatic symptoms; ANOVA was applied to compare these measures among groups from different risk zones and with different perceived emotional and safety protection. About half of the health workers showed medium or high scores on emotional exhaustion, exceeded the cut-off for medium, high or very high psychosomatic symptom burdens, felt they have never or rarely been protected by the institutional responses and judged the emotional support received as inadequate; 32% judged the safety and hygiene measures as insufficient. Significant associations were found between measures of ED, PS and perceived change in personal wellbeing. Differences in perceived institutional support and adequacy of hygiene and safety measures related to significant differences in PS and perceived change in personal wellbeing. ED and PS were widely experienced by frontline health workers. Physical and psychological symptoms were amplified by the perceived lack of institutional support. Ensuring PS and hygiene and safety measures is essential to prevent worsening of health and psychosomatic symptoms in frontline health workers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tiziana Marinaci
- Department of History, Society and Human Studies, University of Salento, Italy
| | - Luna Carpinelli
- Department of Medicine, Surgery and Dentistry "Scuola Medica Salernitana", University of Salerno, Italy
| | - Claudia Venuleo
- Department of History, Society and Human Studies, University of Salento, Italy
| | - Giulia Savarese
- Department of Medicine, Surgery and Dentistry "Scuola Medica Salernitana", University of Salerno, Italy
| | - Pierpaolo Cavallo
- Department of Physic "E.R. Caianiello", University of Salerno, Italy
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