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Magura T, Mizser S, Horváth R, Tóth M, Likó I, Lövei GL. Urbanization reduces gut bacterial microbiome diversity in a specialist ground beetle, Carabus convexus. Mol Ecol 2024; 33:e17265. [PMID: 38214370 DOI: 10.1111/mec.17265] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2023] [Revised: 12/19/2023] [Accepted: 01/04/2024] [Indexed: 01/13/2024]
Abstract
Urbanization is rapidly shaping and transforming natural environments, creating networks of modified land types. These urbanization-driven modifications lead to local extinctions of several species, but the surviving ones also face numerous novel selection pressures, including exposure to pollutants, habitat alteration, and shifts in food availability and diversity. Based on the assumption that the environmental pool of microorganisms is reduced in urban habitats due to habitat alteration, biodiversity loss, and pollution, we hypothesized that the diversity of bacterial microbiome in digestive tracts of arthropods would be lower in urban than rural habitats. Investigating the gut bacterial communities of a specialist ground beetle, Carabus convexus, in forested rural versus urban habitats by next generation high-throughput sequencing of the bacterial 16S rRNA gene, we identified 3839 bacterial amplicon sequence variants. The composition of gut bacterial samples did not significantly differ by habitat (rural vs. urban), sex (female vs. male), sampling date (early vs. late spring), or their interaction. The microbiome diversity (evaluated by the Rényi diversity function), however, was higher in rural than urban adults. Our findings demonstrate that urbanization significantly reduced the diversity of the gut bacterial microbiome in C. convexus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tibor Magura
- Department of Ecology, Faculty of Science and Technology, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary
- HUN-REN-UD Anthropocene Ecology Research Group, Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Szabolcs Mizser
- Department of Ecology, Faculty of Science and Technology, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Roland Horváth
- Department of Ecology, Faculty of Science and Technology, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary
- HUN-REN-UD Anthropocene Ecology Research Group, Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Mária Tóth
- Department of Ecology, Faculty of Science and Technology, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary
- HUN-REN-UD Anthropocene Ecology Research Group, Debrecen, Hungary
| | - István Likó
- UD-GenoMed Medical Genomic Technologies Ltd, Clinical Centre, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Gábor L Lövei
- HUN-REN-UD Anthropocene Ecology Research Group, Debrecen, Hungary
- Department of Agroecology, Flakkebjerg Research Centre, Aarhus University, Slagelse, Denmark
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2
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Moldovan OT, Carrell AA, Bulzu PA, Levei E, Bucur R, Sitar C, Faur L, Mirea IC, Șenilă M, Cadar O, Podar M. The gut microbiome mediates adaptation to scarce food in Coleoptera. ENVIRONMENTAL MICROBIOME 2023; 18:80. [PMID: 37957741 PMCID: PMC10644639 DOI: 10.1186/s40793-023-00537-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2023] [Accepted: 11/06/2023] [Indexed: 11/15/2023]
Abstract
Beetles are ubiquitous cave invertebrates worldwide that adapted to scarce subterranean resources when they colonized caves. Here, we investigated the potential role of gut microbiota in the adaptation of beetles to caves from different climatic regions of the Carpathians. The beetles' microbiota was host-specific, reflecting phylogenetic and nutritional adaptation. The microbial community structure further resolved conspecific beetles by caves suggesting microbiota-host coevolution and influences by local environmental factors. The detritivore species hosted a variety of bacteria known to decompose and ferment organic matter, suggesting turnover and host cooperative digestion of the sedimentary microbiota and allochthonous-derived nutrients. The cave Carabidae, with strong mandibula, adapted to predation and scavenging of animal and plant remains, had distinct microbiota dominated by symbiotic lineages Spiroplasma or Wolbachia. All beetles had relatively high levels of fermentative Carnobacterium and Vagococcus involved in lipid accumulation and a reduction of metabolic activity, and both features characterize adaptation to caves.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oana Teodora Moldovan
- Cluj-Napoca Department, Emil Racovita Institute of Speleology, Clinicilor 5, Cluj- Napoca, 400006, Romania.
- Romanian Institute of Science and Technology, V. Fulicea 3, Cluj-Napoca, 400022, Romania.
- Centro Nacional de Investigación sobre la Evolución Humana, CENIEH, Paseo Sierra de Atapuerca 3, Burgos, 09002, Spain.
| | - Alyssa A Carrell
- Biosciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN, 37831, USA
| | - Paul-Adrian Bulzu
- Department of Aquatic Microbial Ecology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Biology Centre of the Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, České Budějovice, 370 05, Czech Republic
| | - Erika Levei
- Research Institute for Analytical Instrumentation subsidiary, National Institute of Research and Development for Optoelectronics INOE 2000, Donath 67, Cluj-Napoca, 400293, Romania
| | - Ruxandra Bucur
- Cluj-Napoca Department, Emil Racovita Institute of Speleology, Clinicilor 5, Cluj- Napoca, 400006, Romania
| | - Cristian Sitar
- Cluj-Napoca Department, Emil Racovita Institute of Speleology, Clinicilor 5, Cluj- Napoca, 400006, Romania
- Romanian Institute of Science and Technology, V. Fulicea 3, Cluj-Napoca, 400022, Romania
- Zoological Museum, Babeș Bolyai University, Clinicilor 5, Cluj-Napoca, 400006, Romania
| | - Luchiana Faur
- Romanian Institute of Science and Technology, V. Fulicea 3, Cluj-Napoca, 400022, Romania
- Department of Geospeleology and Paleontology, Emil Racovita Institute of Speleology, 13 Septembrie 13, Bucharest, 050711, Romania
| | - Ionuț Cornel Mirea
- Romanian Institute of Science and Technology, V. Fulicea 3, Cluj-Napoca, 400022, Romania
- Department of Geospeleology and Paleontology, Emil Racovita Institute of Speleology, 13 Septembrie 13, Bucharest, 050711, Romania
| | - Marin Șenilă
- Research Institute for Analytical Instrumentation subsidiary, National Institute of Research and Development for Optoelectronics INOE 2000, Donath 67, Cluj-Napoca, 400293, Romania
| | - Oana Cadar
- Research Institute for Analytical Instrumentation subsidiary, National Institute of Research and Development for Optoelectronics INOE 2000, Donath 67, Cluj-Napoca, 400293, Romania
| | - Mircea Podar
- Biosciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN, 37831, USA
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Moldovan OT, Carrell AA, Bulzu PA, Levei E, Bucur R, Sitar C, Faur L, Mirea IC, Enilă M, Cadar O, Podar M. The gut microbiome mediates adaptation to scarce food in Coleoptera. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2023:2023.05.12.540564. [PMID: 37214959 PMCID: PMC10197664 DOI: 10.1101/2023.05.12.540564] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
Beetles are ubiquitous cave invertebrates worldwide that adapted to scarce subterranean resources when they colonized caves. Here, we investigated the potential role of gut microbiota in the adaptation of beetles to caves from different climatic regions of the Carpathians. The beetles' microbiota was host-specific, reflecting phylogenetic and nutritional adaptation. The microbial community structure further resolved conspecific beetles by caves suggesting microbiota-host coevolution and influences by local environmental factors. The detritivore species hosted a variety of bacteria known to decompose and ferment organic matter, suggesting turnover and host cooperative digestion of the sedimentary microbiota and allochthonous-derived nutrients. The cave Carabidae, with strong mandibulae adapted to predation and scavenging of animal and plant remains, had distinct microbiota dominated by symbiotic lineages Spiroplasma or Wolbachia . All beetles had relatively high levels of fermentative Carnobacterium and Vagococcus involved in lipid accumulation and a reduction of metabolic activity, and both features characterize adaptation to caves.
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Magagnoli S, Alberoni D, Baffoni L, Martini A, Marini F, Di Gioia D, Mazzon M, Marzadori C, Campanelli G, Burgio G. The ground beetle Pseudoophonus rufipes gut microbiome is influenced by the farm management system. Sci Rep 2022; 12:22638. [PMID: 36587034 PMCID: PMC9805440 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-25408-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2022] [Accepted: 11/29/2022] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Intensive conventional farm management, characterized by high agrochemicals input, could alter the composition of microbial communities with potential negative effects on both functional traits and the ecosystem services provided. In this study, we investigated the gut microbial composition of a high ecological relevance carabid Pseudoophonus rufipes, sampled in two fields subjected to conventional and organic management practices. Carabids' gut microbiota was analyzed via qPCR and NGS. Profound differences between the microbial composition of organic and conventional samples were detected: the abundance of Tenericutes and Proteobacteria was significant higher in organic and conventional samples, respectively. Spiroplasmataceae and Bifidobacteriaceae families were significantly more abundant in samples from organic management, while Enterococcaceae, Morganellaceae and Yersiniaceae were more abundant in samples from conventional management. The diverse gut microbial composition of insects between the two management systems is related to the pressure of environmental stressors and it may representing an important bioindication of ecological functions and services provided by a carabid species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Serena Magagnoli
- grid.6292.f0000 0004 1757 1758Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie Agro-Alimentari (DISTAL), Università di Bologna, Viale Fanin 50, 40127 Bologna, Italy
| | - Daniele Alberoni
- grid.6292.f0000 0004 1757 1758Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie Agro-Alimentari (DISTAL), Università di Bologna, Viale Fanin 50, 40127 Bologna, Italy
| | - Loredana Baffoni
- grid.6292.f0000 0004 1757 1758Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie Agro-Alimentari (DISTAL), Università di Bologna, Viale Fanin 50, 40127 Bologna, Italy
| | - Antonio Martini
- grid.6292.f0000 0004 1757 1758Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie Agro-Alimentari (DISTAL), Università di Bologna, Viale Fanin 50, 40127 Bologna, Italy
| | - Francesca Marini
- grid.6292.f0000 0004 1757 1758Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie Agro-Alimentari (DISTAL), Università di Bologna, Viale Fanin 50, 40127 Bologna, Italy
| | - Diana Di Gioia
- grid.6292.f0000 0004 1757 1758Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie Agro-Alimentari (DISTAL), Università di Bologna, Viale Fanin 50, 40127 Bologna, Italy
| | - Martina Mazzon
- grid.6292.f0000 0004 1757 1758Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie Agro-Alimentari (DISTAL), Università di Bologna, Viale Fanin 50, 40127 Bologna, Italy
| | - Claudio Marzadori
- grid.6292.f0000 0004 1757 1758Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie Agro-Alimentari (DISTAL), Università di Bologna, Viale Fanin 50, 40127 Bologna, Italy
| | - Gabriele Campanelli
- Consiglio per la ricerca in agricoltura e l’analisi dell’economia – Centro di ricerca Orticoltura e Florovivaismo (CREA -OF) - Sede di Monsampolo del Tronto, via Salaria 1, 63077 Monsampolo del Tronto, Italy
| | - Giovanni Burgio
- grid.6292.f0000 0004 1757 1758Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie Agro-Alimentari (DISTAL), Università di Bologna, Viale Fanin 50, 40127 Bologna, Italy
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Do Y, Park JK, Park WB, Kim MS. The Gut Bacterial Community of Chlaenius pallipes (Coleoptera: Carabidae) Associates with Their Habitat and Morphology. INSECTS 2022; 13:1099. [PMID: 36555009 PMCID: PMC9787801 DOI: 10.3390/insects13121099] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2022] [Revised: 11/16/2022] [Accepted: 11/26/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
We investigated whether the gut bacterial community of Chlaenius pallipes could represent the health conditions of individuals or populations based on where these beetles inhabit. Considering the ecological traits of the species, the gut bacterial communities of carabid populations inhabiting stable or unstable habitats were compared. Food resource quality (δ15N) and morphological shape, especially body and wing size, may be significant factors that directly or indirectly affect the gut bacterial community of carabid beetles. Firmicutes (51.7%) and Proteobacteria (36.3%) were the predominant phyla in the gut bacterial community of C. pallipes. A significant difference in the gut bacterial community structure was observed between organisms inhabiting unstable and stable habitats in this study. Wing size, as estimated by centroid size, was correlated with differences in the gut bacterial community composition of the species. Even if a factor is not strong enough to determine the survival of carabid beetles, the composition of the gut bacterial community can change. We found that although each individual has a large variation in the gut bacterial community composition, the gut bacterial community can be used to evaluate the condition of each habitat through consistent investigation. Habitat assessment based on changes in the number of carabid beetle species and their composition requires relatively long-term research; however, the gut bacterial community of carabid beetles can help identify short-term environmental changes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuno Do
- Department of Biological Science, Kongju National University, Gongju 32588, Republic of Korea
| | - Jun-Kyu Park
- Department of Biological Science, Kongju National University, Gongju 32588, Republic of Korea
| | - Woong-Bae Park
- Department of Biological Science, Kongju National University, Gongju 32588, Republic of Korea
| | - Min-Seob Kim
- Environmental Measurement & Analysis Center, National Institute of Environmental Research, Incheon 22689, Republic of Korea
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Ikagawa RM, Moore W. Molecular phylogeny and revision of species groups of Nearctic bombardier beetles (Carabidae, Brachininae, Brachinus ( Neobrachinus)). Zookeys 2022; 1131:155-171. [PMID: 36761457 PMCID: PMC9836565 DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.1131.85218] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2022] [Accepted: 09/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Bombardier beetles of the genus Brachinus Weber are notorious for their explosive defensive chemistry. Despite ongoing research on their defense mechanism, life history, and ecology, the group lacks a robust molecular-based phylogeny. In this study, three loci from mitochondrial and nuclear genomes (COI, CAD, 28S) are used to reconstruct the phylogeny of the large subgenus Neobrachinus, and test species group boundaries hypothesized by Erwin (1970) based on morphological characters. Erwin's fumans species group is found to be polyphyletic, and is herein re-defined with eight new species groups erected to reflect clades based on molecular evidence: the cinctipennis, cyanipennis, galactoderus, gebhardis, mexicanus, phaeocerus, quadripennis, and tenuicollis species groups. Erwin's cordicollis group is also expanded to include Brachinus (Neobrachinus) medius and the americanus group.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raine M. Ikagawa
- Graduate Interdisciplinary Program in Entomology and Insect Science, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona, 85721-0036, USAUniversity of ArizonaTucsonUnited States of America
| | - Wendy Moore
- Graduate Interdisciplinary Program in Entomology and Insect Science, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona, 85721-0036, USAUniversity of ArizonaTucsonUnited States of America
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Paddock KJ, Finke DL, Kim KS, Sappington TW, Hibbard BE. Patterns of Microbiome Composition Vary Across Spatial Scales in a Specialist Insect. Front Microbiol 2022; 13:898744. [PMID: 35722352 PMCID: PMC9201478 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2022.898744] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2022] [Accepted: 05/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Microbial communities associated with animals vary based on both intrinsic and extrinsic factors. Of many possible determinants affecting microbiome composition, host phylogeny, host diet, and local environment are the most important. How these factors interact across spatial scales is not well understood. Here, we seek to identify the main influences on microbiome composition in a specialist insect, the western corn rootworm (WCR; Diabrotica virgifera virgifera), by analyzing the bacterial communities of adults collected from their obligate host plant, corn (Zea mays), across several geographic locations and comparing the patterns in communities to its congeneric species, the northern corn rootworm (NCR; Diabrotica barberi). We found that bacterial communities of WCR and NCR shared a portion of their bacterial communities even when collected from disparate locations. However, within each species, the location of collection significantly influenced the composition of their microbiome. Correlations of geographic distance between sites with WCR bacterial community composition revealed different patterns at different spatial scales. Community similarity decreased with increased geographic distance at smaller spatial scales (~25 km between the nearest sites). At broad spatial scales (>200 km), community composition was not correlated with distances between sites, but instead reflected the historical invasion path of WCR across the United States. These results suggest bacterial communities are structured directly by dispersal dynamics at small, regional spatial scales, while landscape-level genetic or environmental differences may drive community composition across broad spatial scales in this specialist insect.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kyle J Paddock
- Division of Plant Science and Technology, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, United States
| | - Deborah L Finke
- Division of Plant Science and Technology, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, United States
| | - Kyung Seok Kim
- Department of Natural Resource Ecology and Management, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, United States
| | - Thomas W Sappington
- USDA-ARS, Corn Insects and Crop Genetics Research Unit, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, United States
| | - Bruce E Hibbard
- USDA-ARS, Plant Genetics Research Unit, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, United States
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Wielkopolan B, Krawczyk K, Szabelska-Beręsewicz A, Obrępalska-Stęplowska A. The structure of the cereal leaf beetle (Oulema melanopus) microbiome depends on the insect's developmental stage, host plant, and origin. Sci Rep 2021; 11:20496. [PMID: 34650106 PMCID: PMC8516949 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-99411-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2021] [Accepted: 09/24/2021] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Cereal leaf beetle (CLB, Oulema melanopus, Coleoptera, Chrysomelidae) is a serious agricultural pest that causes considerable damages to agricultural production. The aim of this study was to characterize the bacterial communities associated with larvae and imagoes of CLB collected from various cereal host species and locations. The bacterial profile was characterized by 16S rRNA gene sequencing at the V3-V4 hypervariable region. Using taxonomy-based analysis, the bacterial community of CLB containing 16 phyla, 26 classes, 49 orders, 78 families, 94 genera, and 63 species of bacteria was identified. The abundance of Wolbachia, Rickettsia, and Lactococcus genus was significantly higher in CLB imagoes than in larvae. Statistical analysis confirmed that the bacterial community of the larvae is more diverse in comparison to imagoes and that insects collected from spring barley and wheat are characterized by a much higher biodiversity level of bacterial genera and species than insects collected from other cereals. Obtained results indicated that the developmental stage, the host plant, and the insect's sampling location affected the CLB's microbiome. Additionally, the CLB core microbiome was determined. It consists of 2 genera (Wolbachia and Rickettsia) shared by at least 90% tested CLB insects, regardless of the variables analysed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Beata Wielkopolan
- Department of Monitoring and Signaling of Agrophages, Institute of Plant Protection-National Research Institute, 20 Węgorka St, 60-318, Poznan, Poland
| | - Krzysztof Krawczyk
- Department of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, Institute of Plant Protection-National Research Institute, 20 Węgorka St, 60-318, Poznan, Poland
| | - Alicja Szabelska-Beręsewicz
- Department of Mathematical and Statistical Methods, Poznań University of Life Sciences, 28 Wojska Polskiego St, 60-624, Poznan, Poland
| | - Aleksandra Obrępalska-Stęplowska
- Department of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, Institute of Plant Protection-National Research Institute, 20 Węgorka St, 60-318, Poznan, Poland.
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