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1
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Halloran EC. Adult Development and Associated Health Risks. J Patient Cent Res Rev 2024; 11:63-67. [PMID: 38596352 PMCID: PMC11000702 DOI: 10.17294/2330-0698.2050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/11/2024] Open
Abstract
Much has been learned about adult development in recent decades. Adults go through stages of development (emerging adulthood, young adulthood, middle adulthood, post-retirement, and very old age) with certain challenges at each stage. Viewing patients through a developmental lens is part of providing patient-centered care. Knowing the prominent issues, stressors, and risks at each stage of development is important in understanding patients. This knowledge can help customize medical advice to patients regarding obesity, disability, sleep, substance use, relationships, and age-related declines. This paper summarizes an updated view of adult development and discusses its relevance to health risks and patient-centered care practices at different stages.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elizabeth C Halloran
- Family Medicine Residency Program, Bon Secours Mercy Health - St. Vincent Medical Center, Toledo, OH
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2
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Kowal M, Sorokowski P, Dinić BM, Pisanski K, Gjoneska B, Frederick DA, Pfuhl G, Milfont TL, Bode A, Aguilar L, García FE, Roberts SC, Abad-Villaverde B, Kavčič T, Miroshnik KG, Ndukaihe ILG, Šafárová K, Valentova JV, Aavik T, Blackburn AM, Çetinkaya H, Duyar I, Guemaz F, Ishii T, Kačmár P, Natividade JC, Nussinson R, Omar-Fauzee MSB, Pacquing MCT, Ponnet K, Wang AH, Yoo G, Amin R, Pirtskhalava E, Afhami R, Arvanitis A, Duyar DA, Besson T, Boussena M, Can S, Can AR, Carneiro J, Castro R, Chubinidze D, Čunichina K, Don Y, Dural S, Etchezahar E, Fekih-Romdhane F, Frackowiak T, Moharrampour NG, Yepes TG, Grassini S, Jovic M, Kertechian KS, Khan F, Kobylarek A, Križanić V, Lins S, Mandzyk T, Manunta E, Martinac Dorčić T, Muthu KN, Najmussaqib A, Otterbring T, Park JH, Pavela Banai I, Perun M, Reyes MES, Röer JP, Şahin A, Sahli FZ, Šakan D, Singh S, Smojver-Azic S, Söylemez S, Spasovski O, Studzinska A, Toplu-Demirtas E, Urbanek A, Volkodav T, Wlodarczyk A, Yaakob MFMY, Yusof MR, Zumárraga-Espinosa M, Zupančič M, Sternberg RJ. Validation of the Short Version (TLS-15) of the Triangular Love Scale (TLS-45) across 37 Languages. ARCHIVES OF SEXUAL BEHAVIOR 2024; 53:839-857. [PMID: 37884798 PMCID: PMC10844340 DOI: 10.1007/s10508-023-02702-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2022] [Revised: 09/04/2023] [Accepted: 09/05/2023] [Indexed: 10/28/2023]
Abstract
Love is a phenomenon that occurs across the world and affects many aspects of human life, including the choice of, and process of bonding with, a romantic partner. Thus, developing a reliable and valid measure of love experiences is crucial. One of the most popular tools to quantify love is Sternberg's 45-item Triangular Love Scale (TLS-45), which measures three love components: intimacy, passion, and commitment. However, our literature review reveals that most studies (64%) use a broad variety of shortened versions of the TLS-45. Here, aiming to achieve scientific consensus and improve the reliability, comparability, and generalizability of results across studies, we developed a short version of the scale-the TLS-15-comprised of 15 items with 5-point, rather than 9-point, response scales. In Study 1 (N = 7,332), we re-analyzed secondary data from a large-scale multinational study that validated the original TLS-45 to establish whether the scale could be truncated. In Study 2 (N = 307), we provided evidence for the three-factor structure of the TLS-15 and its reliability. Study 3 (N = 413) confirmed convergent validity and test-retest stability of the TLS-15. Study 4 (N = 60,311) presented a large-scale validation across 37 linguistic versions of the TLS-15 on a cross-cultural sample spanning every continent of the globe. The overall results provide support for the reliability, validity, and cross-cultural invariance of the TLS-15, which can be used as a measure of love components-either separately or jointly as a three-factor measure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marta Kowal
- IDN Being Human Lab, University of Wrocław, Dawida 1, 50-529, Wrocław, Poland.
| | | | - Bojana M Dinić
- Department of Psychology, Faculty of Philosophy, University of Novi Sad, Novi Sad, Serbia
| | - Katarzyna Pisanski
- Institute of Psychology, University of Wrocław, Wrocław, Poland
- ENES Bioacoustics Research Lab, Centre de Recherche en Neurosciences de Lyon, University of Jean Monnet Saint Étienne, Saint Étienne, France
- Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Laboratoire Dynamique du Langage, University of Lyon, Lyon, France
| | - Biljana Gjoneska
- Macedonian Academy of Sciences and Arts, Skopje, North Macedonia
| | - David A Frederick
- Crean College of Health and Behavioral Sciences, Chapman University, Orange, CA, USA
| | - Gerit Pfuhl
- Department of Psychology, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway
| | | | - Adam Bode
- School of Archaeology and Anthropology, ANU College of Arts and Social Sciences, The Australian National University, Canberra, Australia
| | - Leonardo Aguilar
- School of Psychology, Central University of Venezuela, Caracas, Venezuela
| | - Felipe E García
- Division of Psychology, University of Stirling, Stirling, UK
| | - S Craig Roberts
- IDN Being Human Lab, University of Wrocław, Dawida 1, 50-529, Wrocław, Poland
- Departamento de Psiquiatría y Salud Mental, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Concepción, Concepción, Chile
| | - Beatriz Abad-Villaverde
- Faculty of Humanities and Education, Universidad Nacional Pedro Henríquez Ureña, Santo Domingo, Dominican Republic
| | - Tina Kavčič
- Department of Psychology, Faculty of Arts, University of Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Kirill G Miroshnik
- Faculty of Psychology, Saint Petersburg State University, Saint Petersburg, Russia
| | | | - Katarína Šafárová
- Institute of Psychology, Czech Academy of Sciences, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Jaroslava V Valentova
- Department of Experimental Psychology, Institute of Psychology, University of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Toivo Aavik
- Institute of Psychology, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia
| | - Angélique M Blackburn
- Department of Psychology and Communication, Texas A&M International University, Laredo, TX, USA
| | | | - Izzet Duyar
- Department of Anthropology, İstanbul University, İstanbul, Turkey
| | - Farida Guemaz
- Department of Psychology and Educational Sciences, University Mohamed Lamine Debaghine Setif2, Setif, Algeria
| | - Tatsunori Ishii
- Department of Psychology, Japan Women's University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Pavol Kačmár
- Department of Psychology, Faculty of Arts, Pavol Jozef Šafárik University in Košice, Košice, Slovakia
| | - Jean C Natividade
- Department of Psychology, Pontifical Catholic University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Ravit Nussinson
- Department of Education and Psychology, The Open University of Israel, Raanana, Israel
- Institute of Information Processing and Decision Making, University of Haifa, Haifa, Israel
| | | | | | - Koen Ponnet
- Faculty of Social Sciences, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Austin H Wang
- Department of Political Science, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, Las Vegas, NV, USA
| | - Gyesook Yoo
- Department of Child & Family Studies, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Rizwana Amin
- Department of Professional Psychology, Bahria University, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Ekaterine Pirtskhalava
- Department of Psychology, Ivane Javakhishvili Tbilisi State University, Tbilisi, Georgia
| | - Reza Afhami
- Department of Art Studies, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
| | | | | | - Théo Besson
- Laboratoire de Psychologie Sociale, Université Paris Cité, Paris, France
| | - Mahmoud Boussena
- Department of Psychology and Educational Sciences, University Mohamed Lamine Debaghine Setif2, Setif, Algeria
| | - Seda Can
- Department of Psychology, İzmir University of Economics, İzmir, Turkey
| | - Ali R Can
- Department of Anthropology, Hatay Mustafa Kemal University, Hatay, Turkey
| | - João Carneiro
- Center for Psychology at the University of Porto, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Rita Castro
- Center for Psychology at the University of Porto, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Dimitri Chubinidze
- Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience (IoPPN), Department of Psychological Medicine, King's College London, London, UK
| | | | - Yahya Don
- School of Education, Universiti Utara Malaysia, Sintok, Malaysia
| | - Seda Dural
- Department of Psychology, İzmir University of Economics, İzmir, Turkey
| | - Edgardo Etchezahar
- Department of Psychology, University of Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina
- Department of Psychology, Centro Interdisciplinario de Psicología Matemática y Experimental, Buenos Aires, Argentina
- Department of Education, International University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain
| | - Feten Fekih-Romdhane
- Department of Psychiatry Ibn Omrane, Razi Hospital, Manouba, Tunisia
- Faculty of Medicine of Tunis, Tunis El Manar University, Tunis, Tunisia
| | | | | | - Talía Gómez Yepes
- Department of Psychology, University of Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina
- Department of Education, International University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain
| | - Simone Grassini
- Department of Psychosocial Science, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
- Cognitive and Behavioral Neuroscience Laboratory, University of Stavanger, Stavanger, Norway
| | - Marija Jovic
- Department of Marketing Management and Public Relations, Faculty of Organizational Sciences, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Kevin S Kertechian
- Department of Organization, Management, and Human Resources, ESSCA School of Management, Paris, France
| | - Farah Khan
- Institute of Education & Research, Women University Mardan, Mardan, Pakistan
| | | | - Valerija Križanić
- Department of Psychology, Faculty of Humanities and Social Sciences, J.J. Strossmayer University of Osijek, Osijek, Croatia
| | - Samuel Lins
- Center for Psychology at the University of Porto, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Tetyana Mandzyk
- Department of Psychology, Ivan Franko National University of Lviv, Lviv, Ukraine
| | - Efisio Manunta
- Cognition, Langues, Langage, and Ergonomie, University of Toulouse, Toulouse, France
| | - Tamara Martinac Dorčić
- Department of Psychology, Faculty of Humanities and Social Sciences, University of Rijeka, Rijeka, Croatia
| | - Kavitha N Muthu
- Department of Psychology and Counselling, Universiti Tunku Abdul Rahman, Kampar, Malaysia
| | - Arooj Najmussaqib
- Department of Applied Psychology, National University of Modern Languages, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | | | - Ju Hee Park
- Department of Child and Family Studies, Yonsei University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Irena Pavela Banai
- Department of Psychology, Faculty of Humanities and Social Sciences, J.J. Strossmayer University of Osijek, Osijek, Croatia
| | - Mariia Perun
- Department of Psychology, Ivan Franko National University of Lviv, Lviv, Ukraine
| | - Marc Eric S Reyes
- Department of Psychology, University of Santo Tomas, Manila, Philippines
| | - Jan P Röer
- Department of Psychology and Psychotherapy, Witten/Herdecke University, Witten, Germany
| | - Ayşegül Şahin
- Department of Anthropology, İstanbul University, İstanbul, Turkey
| | - Fatima Zahra Sahli
- Institute of Sport Professions, University of Ibn Tofail, Kenitra, Morocco
| | - Dušana Šakan
- Department of Psychology, Faculty of Law and Business Studies Dr Lazar Vrkatić, Union University, Novi Sad, Serbia
| | - Sangeeta Singh
- Department of Strategy and Management, University of Agder, Kristiansand, Norway
| | - Sanja Smojver-Azic
- Department of Psychology, Faculty of Humanities and Social Sciences, University of Rijeka, Rijeka, Croatia
| | - Sinem Söylemez
- Department of Psychology, Manisa Celal Bayar University, Manisa, Turkey
| | - Ognen Spasovski
- Department of Psychology, University of Ss. Cyril and Methodius, Trnava, Slovakia
- Department of Psychology, Ss. Cyril and Methodius University in Skopje, Skopje, Republic of North Macedonia
| | - Anna Studzinska
- Department of Humanities, Icam School of Engineering, Toulouse Campus, Toulouse Cedex, France
| | | | | | - Tatiana Volkodav
- Department of Pedagogy and Psychology, Kuban State University, Krasnodar, Russia
| | - Anna Wlodarczyk
- Escuela de Psicología, Universidad Católica del Norte, Antofagasta, Chile
| | | | - Mat Rahimi Yusof
- School of Education, Universiti Utara Malaysia, Sintok, Malaysia
| | | | - Maja Zupančič
- Department of Psychology, Faculty of Arts, University of Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia
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3
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Yang T, Wongpakaran N, Wongpakaran T, Saeng-Anan U, Singhapreecha C, Jenraumjit R, Peisah C. Factors Associated with Depression in Infertile Couples: A Study in Thailand. Healthcare (Basel) 2023; 11:2004. [PMID: 37510445 PMCID: PMC10379005 DOI: 10.3390/healthcare11142004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2023] [Revised: 06/26/2023] [Accepted: 07/10/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Infertility can affect a couple's mental health and marital and social relationships. The study aimed to investigate the prevalence of depression among infertile couples and their relationships with other factors. METHODS This study employed a cross-sectional survey. Validated tools were used to assess anxiety and depression, marital satisfaction, personality traits and sufficiency economy. The actor-partner interdependence model (APIM) was used for dyadic analysis. RESULTS The prevalence of depression in infertile couples was 6.7%. Aggression, extraversion and neuroticism were significantly correlated with depression, whereas the expectation of having children, marital satisfaction and sufficiency economy were negatively correlated with depression. The APIM model suggested that neuroticism and marital satisfaction were significant predictors of depression. Partner effect between the expectation of having children and depression was observed (p = 0.039). CONCLUSIONS Like other populations, depression in infertile couples seems to be associated with aggression, extraversion and neuroticism. However, there are specific variables related to infertility that impact the depression levels of these couples. For instance, the expectation of having children can affect the partners of infertile couples, while the role of the sufficiency economy is a new factor that has been examined for depression in this sample and requires further exploration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tong Yang
- Graduate School, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand
| | - Nahathai Wongpakaran
- Graduate School, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand
- Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand
| | - Tinakon Wongpakaran
- Graduate School, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand
- Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand
| | - Ubol Saeng-Anan
- Division of Reproductive Medicine, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand
| | - Charuk Singhapreecha
- Graduate School, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand
- Faculty of Economics, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand
| | - Rewadee Jenraumjit
- Graduate School, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand
- Department of Pharmaceutical Care, Faculty of Pharmacy, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand
| | - Carmelle Peisah
- Graduate School, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand
- Discipline of Psychiatry and Mental Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia
- Specialty of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia
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4
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Sorokowska A, Kowal M, Saluja S, Aavik T, Alm C, Anjum A, Asao K, Batres C, Bensafia A, Bizumic B, Boussena M, Buss DM, Butovskaya M, Can S, Carrier A, Cetinkaya H, Conroy-Beam D, Cueto RM, Czub M, Dural S, Espinosa A, Esteves CS, Frackowiak T, Contreras-Garduño J, Guemaz F, Hromatko I, Iskra H, Jiang F, Kafetsios K, Kavcic T, Kervyn N, Köbis NC, Kostić A, Láng A, Lindholm T, Manesi Z, Meskó N, Misra G, Monaghan C, Natividade JC, Nizharadze G, Oberzaucher E, Oleszkiewicz A, Pagani AF, Pakalniskiene V, Parise M, Pejičić M, Pisanski A, Pisanski K, Popa C, Prokop P, Sargautyte R, Sharad S, Simonetti F, Sorokowski P, Stefanczyk MM, Szagdaj A, Tadinac M, González KU, Uhryn O, Vauclair CM, Yoo G, Zupančič M, Croy I. Love and affectionate touch toward romantic partners all over the world. Sci Rep 2023; 13:5497. [PMID: 37015974 PMCID: PMC10073073 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-31502-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2022] [Accepted: 03/13/2023] [Indexed: 04/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Touch is the primary way people communicate intimacy in romantic relationships, and affectionate touch behaviors such as stroking, hugging and kissing are universally observed in partnerships all over the world. Here, we explored the association of love and affectionate touch behaviors in romantic partnerships in two studies comprising 7880 participants. In the first study, we used a cross-cultural survey conducted in 37 countries to test whether love was universally associated with affectionate touch behaviors. In the second study, using a more fine-tuned touch behavior scale, we tested whether the frequency of affectionate touch behaviors was related to love in romantic partnerships. As hypothesized, love was significantly and positively associated with affectionate touch behaviors in both studies and this result was replicated regardless of the inclusion of potentially relevant factors as controls. Altogether, our data strongly suggest that affectionate touch is a relatively stable characteristic of human romantic relationships that is robustly and reliably related to the degree of reported love between partners.
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Affiliation(s)
- Agnieszka Sorokowska
- Institute of Psychology, University of Wroclaw, Ul. Dawida 1, 50-527, Wroclaw, Poland.
| | - Marta Kowal
- IDN Being Human Lab, University of Wrocław, Wrocław, Poland
| | | | | | | | | | - Kelly Asao
- Westminster College, Salt Lake City, USA
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Seda Can
- Izmir University of Economics, Izmir, Turkey
| | | | | | | | | | - Marcin Czub
- Institute of Psychology, University of Wroclaw, Ul. Dawida 1, 50-527, Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Seda Dural
- Izmir University of Economics, Izmir, Turkey
| | | | | | - Tomasz Frackowiak
- Institute of Psychology, University of Wroclaw, Ul. Dawida 1, 50-527, Wroclaw, Poland
| | | | | | | | - Herak Iskra
- Université catholique de Louvain, Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium
| | | | | | - Tina Kavcic
- University of Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Nicolas Kervyn
- Université catholique de Louvain, Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium
| | - Nils C Köbis
- Max Planck Institute for Human Development, Berlin, Germany
| | | | | | | | - Zoi Manesi
- Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Anna Oleszkiewicz
- Institute of Psychology, University of Wroclaw, Ul. Dawida 1, 50-527, Wroclaw, Poland
- Smell & Taste Clinic, Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Faculty of Medicine Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Kasia Pisanski
- Institute of Psychology, University of Wroclaw, Ul. Dawida 1, 50-527, Wroclaw, Poland
- CNRS, University of Lyon 2, Lyon, France
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Piotr Sorokowski
- Institute of Psychology, University of Wroclaw, Ul. Dawida 1, 50-527, Wroclaw, Poland
| | | | - Anna Szagdaj
- Wroclaw University of Science and Technology, Wroclaw, Poland
| | | | | | - Olga Uhryn
- Lviv State University of Internal Affairs, Lviv, Costa Rica
| | | | | | | | - Ilona Croy
- Institute of Psychology, University of Jena, Jena, Germany
- German Center for Mental Health, Halle-Jena-Magdeburg, Germany
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5
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Sorokowski P, Kowal M, Sternberg RJ, Aavik T, Akello G, Alhabahba MM, Alm C, Amjad N, Anjum A, Asao K, Atama CS, Atamtürk Duyar D, Ayebare R, Conroy-Beam D, Bendixen M, Bensafia A, Bizumic B, Boussena M, Buss DM, Butovskaya M, Can S, Carrier A, Cetinkaya H, Croy I, Cueto RM, Czub M, Dronova D, Dural S, Duyar I, Ertugrul B, Espinosa A, Estevan I, Esteves CS, Frackowiak T, Garduño JC, González KU, Guemaz F, Halamová M, Herak I, Horvat M, Hromatko I, Hui CM, Jaafar JL, Jiang F, Kafetsios K, Kavčič T, Kennair LEO, Kervyn N, Ha TTK, Khilji IA, Köbis NC, Kostic A, Lan HM, Láng A, Lennard GR, León E, Lindholm T, Linh TT, Lopez G, Van Luot N, Mailhos A, Manesi Z, Martinez R, McKerchar SL, Meskó N, Pejičić M, Misra G, Monaghan C, Mora EC, Moya-Garófano A, Musil B, Natividade JC, Nizharadze G, Oberzaucher E, Oleszkiewicz A, Omar-Fauzee MS, Onyishi IE, Özener B, Pagani AF, Pakalniskiene V, Parise M, Pazhoohi F, Pisanski A, Pisanski K, Ponciano E, Popa C, Prokop P, Rizwan M, Sainz M, Salkičević S, Sargautyte R, Sarmány-Schuller I, Schmehl S, Shahid A, Sharad S, Siddiqui RS, Simonetti F, Tadinac M, Vauclair CM, Vega LD, Walter KV, Widarini DA, Yoo G, Zaťková M, Zupančič M, Sorokowska A. Modernization, collectivism, and gender equality predict love experiences in 45 countries. Sci Rep 2023; 13:773. [PMID: 36641519 PMCID: PMC9840424 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-26663-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2022] [Accepted: 12/19/2022] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Recent cross-cultural and neuro-hormonal investigations have suggested that love is a near universal phenomenon that has a biological background. Therefore, the remaining important question is not whether love exists worldwide but which cultural, social, or environmental factors influence experiences and expressions of love. In the present study, we explored whether countries' modernization indexes are related to love experiences measured by three subscales (passion, intimacy, commitment) of the Triangular Love Scale. Analyzing data from 9474 individuals from 45 countries, we tested for relationships with country-level predictors, namely, modernization proxies (i.e., Human Development Index, World Modernization Index, Gender Inequality Index), collectivism, and average annual temperatures. We found that mean levels of love (especially intimacy) were higher in countries with higher modernization proxies, collectivism, and average annual temperatures. In conclusion, our results grant some support to the hypothesis that modernization processes might influence love experiences.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Kelly Asao
- Westminster College, Salt Lake City, USA
| | | | | | | | | | - Mons Bendixen
- Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU), Trondheim, Norway
| | | | - Boris Bizumic
- Australian National University AU, Canberra, Australia
| | | | | | | | - Seda Can
- Izmir University of Economics, Izmir, Turkey
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Daria Dronova
- Institute of Ethnology and Anthropology, Moscow, Russia
| | - Seda Dural
- Izmir University of Economics, Izmir, Turkey
| | | | | | | | | | - Carla Sofia Esteves
- Católica Lisbon School of Business and Economics, Universidade Católica Portuguesa, Lisbona, Portugal
| | | | | | | | | | - Mária Halamová
- Constantine the Philosopher University in Nitra, Nitra, Slovakia
| | - Iskra Herak
- Université Catholique de Louvain, Louvain-La-Neuve, Belgium
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Konstantinos Kafetsios
- Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece
- Palacky University in Olomouc, Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Tina Kavčič
- University of Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | | | - Nicolas Kervyn
- Université Catholique de Louvain, Louvain-La-Neuve, Belgium
| | | | | | - Nils C Köbis
- University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | | | - Hoang Moc Lan
- University of Social Sciences and Humanities (VNU-Hanoi), Hanoi, Vietnam
| | | | | | - Ernesto León
- Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú, Lima, Perú
| | | | - Trinh Thi Linh
- University of Social Sciences and Humanities (VNU-Hanoi), Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Giulia Lopez
- Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Milan, Italy
| | - Nguyen Van Luot
- University of Social Sciences and Humanities (VNU-Hanoi), Hanoi, Vietnam
| | | | - Zoi Manesi
- Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Edna Ponciano
- University of the State of Rio de Janeiro, Coimba, Brazil
| | - Camelia Popa
- Romanian Academy - Institute of Philosophy and Psychology "C. Rădulescu-Motru", Bucharest, Romania
| | | | | | - Mario Sainz
- Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Gyesook Yoo
- Kyung Hee University, Kyung Hee, South Korea
| | - Marta Zaťková
- Constantine the Philosopher University in Nitra, Nitra, Slovakia
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Mothering Ideology: A Qualitative Exploration of Mothers' Perceptions of Navigating Motherhood Pressures and Partner Relationships. SEX ROLES 2023; 88:101-117. [PMID: 36568897 PMCID: PMC9765384 DOI: 10.1007/s11199-022-01345-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2022] [Revised: 12/04/2022] [Accepted: 12/12/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Good mother ideology refers to beliefs that women are only 'good' mothers if they adhere to the tenets of dominant parenting discourse, such as intensive mothering ideology, which prioritizes children's needs and child-raising above all else. Undergirded by this ideology, mothers' attempts to navigate the transition to motherhood are fraught with pressures, and the transition is associated with negative health outcomes for mothers and children; yet existing research gives little attention to the quality or dynamics of the partner relationship as part of this transition. The current study examined motherhood pressure and the impact on partner relationships through individual, semi-structured interviews with 19 mothers living in Australia who were 18 years or older in a heterosexual relationship with at least one child under the age of five. Thematic analysis revealed four key themes: discourses on motherhood: criticisms of mothers and internalised guilt; transformation of identity; entrenchment of gender roles through childrearing; and positive relationship dynamics: supportive fathers and challenging gender roles. This study contributes to the larger body of literature highlighting the complexity of dominant mothering ideology and its entanglement with and impact on partner relationships. Further, this study includes mothers' perceptions of how they navigate these pressures within the relationship with their partner and the family unit. These findings have implications for programs to support mothers and other caregivers, as well as challenge unrealistic standards for motherhood. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s11199-022-01345-7.
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Meskó N, Őry F, Happ Z, Zsidó AN. Sex differences in predictors of relationship satisfaction: The effects of dyadic coping, love, sexual motivation and having children. INTERPERSONA: AN INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL ON PERSONAL RELATIONSHIPS 2022. [DOI: 10.5964/ijpr.7217] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The present study explored sex differences in the predictors of relationship satisfaction (dyadic coping, love, sexual motivation, having children). A total of 465 Hungarian participants (319 women and 146 men) with a mean age of 33.6 years completed an online test battery comprising four self-report measures. The results revealed that women’s relationship satisfaction had more significant predictors than men’s, and half of the common predictors showed significant sex differences. Men’s satisfaction was positively predicted by the Intimacy and Passion components of love, while it was negatively predicted by Negative Dyadic Coping and by having at least one child. Besides Intimacy and Passion, two common predictors across sexes, women’s satisfaction was also positively predicted by the Commitment component of love, and also by successful coping with dyadic stress. By contrast, negative predictors were having sex as a means of coping with emotional problems (Sex as Coping), the individual aspect of dyadic coping (One’s Own Dyadic Coping), and Negative Dyadic coping. The findings are discussed in both bio-psychological and social constructionist approaches.
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Kowal M, Sorokowski P, Pisanski K, Valentova JV, Varella MA, Frederick DA, Al-Shawaf L, García FE, Giammusso I, Gjoneska B, Kozma L, Otterbring T, Papadatou-Pastou M, Pfuhl G, Stöckli S, Studzinska A, Toplu-Demirtaş E, Touloumakos AK, Bakos BE, Batres C, Bonneterre S, Czamanski-Cohen J, Dacanay JC, Deschrijver E, Fisher ML, Grano C, Grigoryev D, Kačmár P, Kozlov MV, Manunta E, Massar K, McFall JP, Mebarak M, Miccoli MR, Milfont TL, Prokop P, Aavik T, Arriaga P, Baiocco R, Čeněk J, Çetinkaya H, Duyar I, Guemaz F, Ishii T, Kamburidis JA, Khun-Inkeeree H, Lidborg LH, Manor H, Nussinson R, Omar-Fauzee MSB, Pazhoohi F, Ponnet K, Santos AC, Senyk O, Spasovski O, Vintila M, Wang AH, Yoo G, Zerhouni O, Amin R, Aquino S, Boğa M, Boussena M, Can AR, Can S, Castro R, Chirumbolo A, Çoker O, Cornec C, Dural S, Eder SJ, Moharrampour NG, Grassini S, Hristova E, Ikizer G, Kervyn N, Koyuncu M, Kunisato Y, Lins S, Mandzyk T, Mari S, Mattiassi AD, Memisoglu-Sanli A, Morelli M, Novaes FC, Parise M, Banai IP, Perun M, Plohl N, Sahli FZ, Šakan D, Smojver-Azic S, Solak Ç, Söylemez S, Toyama A, Wlodarczyk A, Yamada Y, Abad-Villaverde B, Afhami R, Akello G, Alami NH, Alma L, Argyrides M, Atamtürk D, Burduli N, Cardona S, Carneiro J, Castañeda A, Chałatkiewicz I, Chopik WJ, Chubinidze D, Conroy-Beam D, Contreras-Garduño J, da Silva DR, Don YB, Donato S, Dubrov D, Duračková M, Dutt S, Ebimgbo SO, Estevan I, Etchezahar E, Fedor P, Fekih-Romdhane F, Frackowiak T, Galasinska K, Gargula Ł, Gelbart B, Yepes TG, Hamdaoui B, Hromatko I, Itibi SN, Jaforte L, Janssen SM, Jovic M, Kertechian KS, Khan F, Kobylarek A, Koso-Drljevic M, Krasnodębska A, Križanić V, Landa-Blanco M, Mailhos A, Marot T, Dorcic TM, Martinez-Banfi M, Yusof MR, Mayorga-Lascano M, Mikuličiūtė V, Mišetić K, Musil B, Najmussaqib A, Muthu KN, Natividade JC, Ndukaihe IL, Nyhus EK, Oberzaucher E, Omar SS, Ostaszewski F, Pacquing MCT, Pagani AF, Park JH, Pirtskhalava E, Reips UD, Reyes MES, Röer JP, Şahin A, Samekin A, Sargautytė R, Semenovskikh T, Siepelmeyer H, Singh S, Sołtys A, Sorokowska A, Soto-López R, Sultanova L, Tamayo-Agudelo W, Tan CS, Topanova GT, Bulut MT, Trémolière B, Tulyakul S, Türkan BN, Urbanek A, Volkodav T, Walter KV, Yaakob MFM, Zumárraga-Espinosa M. Predictors of enhancing human physical attractiveness: Data from 93 countries. EVOL HUM BEHAV 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.evolhumbehav.2022.08.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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