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Al-Shouli ST, AlAfaleq NO, Almansour M, Alsadhan M, Alsalem N, Alqahtani M, Aldahash N, Almazyad L, Alhazmi S, Aljerian K. Assessment of Risk Perception of COVID-19 Post Vaccination amongst the General Population of Riyadh Region. Vaccines (Basel) 2023; 11:1276. [PMID: 37515091 PMCID: PMC10384391 DOI: 10.3390/vaccines11071276] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2023] [Revised: 07/04/2023] [Accepted: 07/11/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
COVID-19 is a highly contagious disease caused by SARS-CoV-2. Vaccination against the virus was first approved in Saudi Arabia in December 2020. Vaccinated individuals are still at risk of getting infected with the virus and can transmit the disease. Therefore, the perception of vaccinated individuals regarding the disease can help limit the spread of the virus. OBJECTIVES To measure the risk perception of COVID-19 following vaccination and factors that have an effect on risk perception; to identify the health protective behaviours of the vaccinated individuals. METHODOLOGY This is a quantitative analytical cross-sectional, questionnaire-based study. The target population includes individuals aged 18 and above who live in the Riyadh region and have been vaccinated, during the period of June 2021 to December 2021. RESULTS The perception of 30.2% of participants did not change after vaccination, with many participants continuing to "always" take precautions even after vaccination. Numerous factors, such as age, gender, marital status, occupational status, employment status, and total household income, have shown significant effects towards risk perception. CONCLUSION Many vaccinated individuals have continued to take precautionary steps and their risk perception has not changed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samia T Al-Shouli
- Immunology Unit, Department of Pathology, College of Medicine, King Saud University, Riyadh 11461, Saudi Arabia
| | - Nouf O AlAfaleq
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammed Almansour
- Medical Education Department, College of Medicine, King Saud University, Riyadh 11461, Saudi Arabia
| | - Munira Alsadhan
- College of Medicine, King Saud University, Riyadh 11461, Saudi Arabia
| | - Norah Alsalem
- College of Medicine, King Saud University, Riyadh 11461, Saudi Arabia
| | - Maha Alqahtani
- College of Medicine, King Saud University, Riyadh 11461, Saudi Arabia
| | - Norah Aldahash
- College of Medicine, King Saud University, Riyadh 11461, Saudi Arabia
| | - Leena Almazyad
- College of Medicine, King Saud University, Riyadh 11461, Saudi Arabia
| | - Sadeem Alhazmi
- College of Medicine, King Saud University, Riyadh 11461, Saudi Arabia
| | - Khaldoon Aljerian
- Department of Pathology, College of Medicine, King Saud University, Riyadh 11461, Saudi Arabia
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Chan YK, Tang YM, Teng L. A comparative analysis of digital health usage intentions towards the adoption of virtual reality in telerehabilitation. Int J Med Inform 2023; 174:105042. [PMID: 36965405 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijmedinf.2023.105042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2022] [Revised: 03/06/2023] [Accepted: 03/08/2023] [Indexed: 03/19/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND With the rapid development of the metaverse and the problem of non-attendance in traditional rehabilitation, virtual reality in telerehabilitation has become increasingly vital in modern medicine. However, research on determining predictors that influence the public's behavioral intention to adopt VR-based telerehabilitation has not been extensively studied. OBJECTIVE This study aims to propose a new research model with a comparative analysis on understanding factors affecting the public's behavioral intention to adopt VR in telerehabilitation for different user groups. METHODS A total of 215 respondents from the general public completed an online questionnaire to validate the proposed research model. The collected data was analyzed using SPSS and AMOS. The proposed model was additionally validated using CFA and multiple linear regression. RESULTS This study found that effort expectancy, threat appraisals, and trust had a positive significant influence on the public's behavioral intention to adopt VR in telerehabilitation. However, performance expectancy and facilitating conditions had no significant relationship with behavioral intention. Notably, the average of the primary factors for older adults was generally higher than for younger adults. CONCLUSIONS The present study confirms the applicability of the proposed research model. Our findings contribute up-to-date insights for related stakeholders to minimize implementation failures and develop successful adoption strategies for the future expansion of telerehabilitation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yee Kiu Chan
- Department of Industrial and Systems Engineering, Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region
| | - Yuk Ming Tang
- Department of Industrial and Systems Engineering, Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region; Faculty of Business, City University of Macau, Macau.
| | - Long Teng
- Department of Industrial and Systems Engineering, Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region
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Tao Z, Xu Q, Zhu Y, Mei Q, Feng H, Jin Q, Ding S, Dong Y. Relationship between health literacy and COVID-19 knowledge: A cross-sectional study. Front Public Health 2023; 11:1058029. [PMID: 36891332 PMCID: PMC9986311 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2023.1058029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2022] [Accepted: 02/02/2023] [Indexed: 02/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Health literacy (HL) is a protective factor for some chronic diseases. However, its role in the Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has not been clarified. This study aims to explore the association between HL and COVID-19 knowledge among residents in Ningbo. Methods A total of 6,336 residents aged 15-69 years in Ningbo were selected by multi-stage stratified random sampling method. The "Health Literacy Questionnaire of Chinese Citizens (2020)" was used to evaluate the relationship between COVID-19 knowledge and HL. Chi-square test, Mann-Whitney U test and logistic regression were used to analyze the data. Results The HL and COVID-19 knowledge levels of Ningbo residents were 24.8% and 15.7%, respectively. After adjusting for confounding factors, people with adequate HL were the more likely to have adequate COVID-19 knowledge compared with those with limited HL (OR = 3.473, 95% CI = 2.974-4.057, P <0.001). Compared with the limited HL group, the adequate HL group had a higher rate of COVID-19 knowledge, a more positive attitude, and a more active behavior. Conclusion COVID-19 knowledge is significantly associated with HL. Improving HL may influence people's knowledge about COVID-19, thereby changing people's behaviors, and finally combating the pandemic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhenbo Tao
- Ningbo Municipal Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Ningbo, Zhejiang, China
| | - Qianqian Xu
- Ningbo Municipal Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Ningbo, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yingying Zhu
- Ningbo Municipal Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Ningbo, Zhejiang, China
| | - Qiuhong Mei
- Ningbo Municipal Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Ningbo, Zhejiang, China
| | - Hongwei Feng
- Ningbo Municipal Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Ningbo, Zhejiang, China
| | - Qiuyan Jin
- Ningbo Municipal Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Ningbo, Zhejiang, China
| | - Shige Ding
- Ningbo Municipal Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Ningbo, Zhejiang, China
| | - Ying Dong
- Ningbo Municipal Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Ningbo, Zhejiang, China
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Aaditya B, Rahul TM. Long-term impacts of COVID-19 pandemic on travel behaviour. TRAVEL BEHAVIOUR & SOCIETY 2023; 30:262-270. [PMID: 36247804 PMCID: PMC9554327 DOI: 10.1016/j.tbs.2022.10.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2022] [Revised: 08/11/2022] [Accepted: 10/07/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
The need to understand the influence of the COVID-19 pandemic on the long-term travel behaviour of people has never been higher as a consequence of the second wave of pandemic. In this context, the current study aims to understand the willingness of people to use sustainable modes of transportation including shared modes of transport, and non-motorized transport, against non- shared modes of transport such as personal 2-wheelers and 4-wheelers in a post-vaccinated scenario. The study further models the willingness to choose public transportation under various COVID-19 preventive measures representing the perception of safety among people. An Integrated Choice and Latent Variable (ICLV) framework a employed in the modelling. The fear of contracting COVID-19 and the belief in remedial measures significantly influenced the mode choice of individuals. This highlighted a significant long-term impact of the pandemic on the travel behaviour of individuals. The study concludes by presenting different strategies that could be adopted to make the existing sustainable modes safer, and hence, more attractive.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bh Aaditya
- Department of Civil Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Ropar, Nangal Road, Rupnagar, Punjab 140001, India
| | - T M Rahul
- Department of Civil Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Ropar, Nangal Road, Rupnagar, Punjab 140001, India
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Knowledge, practice and attitude associated with SARS-CoV-2 Delta Variant among adults in Jordan. PLoS One 2022; 17:e0278243. [PMID: 36477269 PMCID: PMC9728918 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0278243] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2022] [Accepted: 11/14/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
COVID-19 infection is a global pandemic health emergency. This contagious disease was caused by the Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus‑2 (SARS‑CoV-2) which is mutating over time. In 2021, the Delta variant became the most dominant transmissible form. During the crisis, human practice and knowledge were critical in the overall efforts to encompass the outbreak. A cross-sectional, web-based approach was conducted among adults in Jordan to quantify knowledge, attitude, and practices towards SARS-CoV-2 (Delta variant). This research was carried out between 15th April and 15th of May 2021. The study questionnaire consisted of four sections including the participant's demographics, knowledge, practices and attitude. Comparative evaluation of responses was accomplished using a scoring system. Respondents who scored above the mean score (60%) on the item measured were categorized as knowledgeable, having a positive attitude, and good practices. Participants were allocated to one of the three groups; medical, non-medical and others (unemployed and housewives). Data collected was analyzed using Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) version 23.0 software. A variance test to assess the statistical difference between groups was used. Pearson's chi-squared test was applied to compare the variables and identify significant predictors. Of the participants, 308 (66%) were in the age group of 18-25yrs, 392 (84.1%) females, 120 (25.8%) employed and 346 (74.2%) unemployed. The principle source of knowledge was social media (291, 62.4%). Interestingly, participants had adequate overall knowledge. The mean knowledge score was 22.6 (± 0.19), 20.6 (± 0.19), and 21.3 (± 0.18) for the medical, the non-medical and the others group, respectively. Also, participants showed a positive attitude and good practices towards SARS-CoV-2 (Delta variant). The mean practice score for medical, the non-medical and the others groups was 7.35 (± 0.25), 7.38 (± 0.24), 7.35 (± 0.24) and the mean attitude score was 10.8 (± 0.16), 9.4 (± 0.21), 9.5 (± 0.22), respectively. The studied groups generally had good knowledge, positive attitudes and good practices about SARS-CoV-2 (Delta variant). This was expected due to the authorities' successful management of the pandemic and the high educational level of the Jordanian society, bearing in mind the economic and social impact of COVID-19 disease.
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Al Janabi T, Chung S. Current Impact and Long-Term Influence of the COVID-19 Pandemic on Iraqi Healthcare Systems: A Case Study. EPIDEMIOLOGIA (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 3:412-433. [PMID: 36547253 PMCID: PMC9778304 DOI: 10.3390/epidemiologia3040032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2022] [Revised: 09/17/2022] [Accepted: 09/23/2022] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Decades of wars, sanctions, and internal conflicts have compromised Iraq's health system, which once was the best system in the region. National and international efforts to revitalize the system have been successful to some extent; however, significant challenges still exist. The COVID-19 pandemic has exposed new vulnerabilities and exacerbated the existing ones, affecting the quality and the quantity of the health services delivered. This case study explored the baseline function of Iraq's health system within the context of the World Health Organization (WHO) health system framework. The paper also examined the country's response to the COVID-19 pandemic and some of its impacts. Results show that the system was not functioning optimally nor was it prepared to address the immediate impact of the current pandemic and other emerging public health issues. While mitigating the pandemic's short-term and long-term impacts are essential, it should not divert the focus from restructuring and strengthening the health system. Iraq may need to prioritize the health information system and leadership/governance as they provide the basis for health policies and regulations for all other health system building blocks.
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Singh G, DeWalle J, Tanriover B, Singh N, Chang AR, Anand PM. Effect of age and rural residency on perceptions about SARS-CoV-2 pandemic and vaccination in kidney transplant recipients. Transpl Infect Dis 2022; 24:e13943. [PMID: 36169231 PMCID: PMC9539214 DOI: 10.1111/tid.13943] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2022] [Revised: 06/09/2022] [Accepted: 07/04/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Transplant patients have poor outcomes in coronavirus-disease 2019 (COVID-19). The pandemic's effects on rural patients' overall care experience, attitudes to telemedicine, and vaccination are poorly understood. METHODS We administered a cross-sectional survey to adult kidney transplant recipients in central Pennsylvania across four clinical sites between March 29, 2021 and June 2, 2021. We assessed the pandemic's impact on care access, telemedicine experience, attitudes toward preventive measures, vaccination, and variation by sociodemographic variables. RESULTS Survey completion rate was 51% (303/594). Of these, 52.8% were rural residents. The most common impact was use of telemedicine (79.2%). Predominant barriers to telemedicine were lack of video devices (10.9%), perceived complexity (5.6%), and technical issues (5.3%). On a 0-10 Likert scale, the mean positive impression for telemedicine was 7.7; lower for patients with telephone-only versus video visits (7.0 vs. 8.2; p < .001), and age ≥60 years (7.4 vs. 8.1; p = .01) on univariate analyses. Time/travel savings were commonly identified (115/241, 47.7%) best parts of telemedicine and lack of personal connection (70/166, 42.2%) the worst. Only 68.9% had received any dose of COVID vaccination. The vaccinated group members were older (58.4 vs. 53.5 years; p = .007), and less likely rural (47.8% vs. 65.2%; p = .005). Common themes associated with vaccine hesitancy included concerns about safety (27/59, 46%), perceived lack of data (19/59, 32%), and distrust (17/59, 29%). At least one misconception about the vaccines or COVID-19 was quoted by 29% of vaccine-hesitant patients. CONCLUSIONS Among respondents, the pandemic significantly impacted healthcare experience, especially in older patients in underserved communities. COVID-19 vaccination rate was relatively low, driven by misconceptions and lack of trust.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gurmukteshwar Singh
- Department of NephrologyGeisinger HealthDanvillePennsylvaniaUSA,Kidney Health Research InstituteGeisinger HealthDanvillePennsylvaniaUSA
| | - Joseph DeWalle
- Department of Population Health SciencesGeisinger HealthDanvillePennsylvaniaUSA
| | - Bekir Tanriover
- Division of NephrologyUniversity of Arizona College of MedicineTusconArizonaUSA
| | - Neeraj Singh
- John C. McDonald Regional Transplant CenterLouisiana State UniversityShreveportLouisianaUSA
| | - Alex R. Chang
- Department of NephrologyGeisinger HealthDanvillePennsylvaniaUSA,Kidney Health Research InstituteGeisinger HealthDanvillePennsylvaniaUSA
| | - Prince M. Anand
- Division of NephrologyMedical University of South CarolinaCharlestonSouth CarolinaUSA
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Determinants of workplace safety towards SARS-Cov-2 and combating COVID-19 among non-healthcare workers in Hong Kong, Nanjing and Wuhan, China. Sci Rep 2022; 12:15249. [PMID: 36085164 PMCID: PMC9462604 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-19195-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2022] [Accepted: 08/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
There has been no validated tool to assess workplace infection control towards SARS-Cov-2 in non-healthcare industries. In this first year survey during 07/2020–04/2021, 6684 workers were recruited from varied non-healthcare settings of Hong Kong, Nanjing and Wuhan of China and responded standard questionnaires containing information of prevention measures and policies implemented by companies and personal preventive behaviour towards infection control. All participants were randomly stratified into two sub-samples as training and validation sample. Workplace safety index towards SARS-Cov-2 (WSI-SC2) was developed and validated using exploratory factor analysis (EFA) and confirmatory factor analysis (CFA). We identified 14 manifest variables in WSI-SC2, with three sub-indices named “Workplace infection control measures and prevention”, “Company occupational safety and health management and commitment” and “Worker’s personal preventive behavior and awareness towards infectious control”. WSI-SC2 obtained a good internal consistency reliability (Cronbach's alpha coefficients ranged: 0.76–0.91), good composite reliability (composite reliability ranged: 0.70–0.95) and satisfactory fit of the model (GFI = 0.95; SRMR = 0.05; RMSEA = 0.07). We further performed stratified analysis according to cities, and the index remained stable. Workers with higher scores of WSI-SC2 were more likely to uptake COVID-19 test. This multi-city large study developed a novel and validated tool that could horizontally measure the workplace safety towards SARS-Cov-2 in non-healthcare workers.
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Chen C, Xu T, Chen Y, Xu Y, Ge L, Yao D, Zhang X. Does health literacy promote COVID-19 awareness? Evidence from Zhejiang, China. Front Public Health 2022; 10:894050. [PMID: 36062103 PMCID: PMC9428714 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2022.894050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2022] [Accepted: 07/18/2022] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Health literacy (HL) is considered a crucial determinant of disease prevention and control. However, the role of HL in the Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has not been studied using provincial representative data among Chinese residents. This study aimed to assess the association between HL and COVID-19 awareness among Zhejiang residents based on the 2020 China Health Literacy Survey (CHLS). Methods The study was conducted among 5,596 residents aged 15-69 in Zhejiang using multistage, stratified, and probability proportional to size sampling. COVID-19 awareness and HL were assessed using the "Chinese Citizen Health Literacy Questionnaire (2020)" in Zhejiang. The covariates were divided into predisposing factors, enabling factors, and need factors according to Anderson's model. Data were analyzed by the chi-square test and logistic regression. Results The study showed that HL and COVID-19 awareness levels of residents were 24.84% and 8.06%, respectively, in Zhejiang in 2020. After adjusting for covariates, residents with adequate HL were more likely to have better COVID-19 awareness (odds ratio [OR] = 5.22, 95% CI = 4.13-6.59, p < 0.001). Three dimensions of HL (knowledge and attitudes, behavior and lifestyle, and health-related skills) were associated with COVID-19 awareness. Additionally, COVID-19 awareness was associated with age, occupation, family size, annual household income, and chronic conditions. Conclusion COVID-19 awareness is significantly associated with HL, suggesting that promoting HL is an important component of health education, disease prevention, and health promotion in response to the COVID-19 pandemic and even possible public health emergencies in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chun Chen
- School of Public Health and Management, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Tingke Xu
- School of Public Health and Management, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Youli Chen
- State Key Laboratory for Oncogenes and Related Genes, Key Laboratory of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Shanghai Institute of Digestive Disease, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Ministry of Health, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yue Xu
- Zhejiang Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Hangzhou, China
| | - Lizheng Ge
- School of Public Health and Management, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Dingming Yao
- Zhejiang Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xuehai Zhang
- Zhejiang Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Hangzhou, China
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Roe M, Buggy C, Ingram C, Codd M, Buckley C, Archibald M, Rachwal N, Downey V, Chen Y, Sripaiboonkij P, Drummond A, Alvarez E, Perrotta C. 'Communication, that is the key': a qualitative investigation of how essential workers with COVID-19 responded to public health information. BMJ Open 2022; 12:e061583. [PMID: 35798515 PMCID: PMC9263375 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2022-061583] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To understand how essential workers with confirmed infections responded to information on COVID-19. DESIGN Qualitative analysis of semistructured interviews conducted in collaboration with the national contact tracing management programme in Ireland. SETTING Semistructured interviews conducted via telephone and Zoom Meetings. PARTICIPANTS 18 people in Ireland with laboratory confirmed SARS-CoV-2 infections using real-time PCR testing of oropharyngeal and nasopharyngeal swabs. All individuals were identified as part of workplace outbreaks defined as ≥2 individuals with epidemiologically linked infections. RESULTS A total of four high-order themes were identified: (1) accessing essential information early, (2) responses to emerging 'infodemic', (3) barriers to ongoing engagement and (4) communication strategies. Thirteen lower order or subthemes were identified and agreed on by the researchers. CONCLUSIONS Our findings provide insights into how people infected with COVID-19 sought and processed related health information throughout the pandemic. We describe strategies used to navigate excessive and incomplete information and how perceptions of information providers evolve overtime. These results can inform future communication strategies on COVID-19.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mark Roe
- School of Public Health, Physiotherapy, and Sports Science, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Conor Buggy
- School of Public Health, Physiotherapy, and Sports Science, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Carolyn Ingram
- School of Public Health, Physiotherapy, and Sports Science, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Mary Codd
- School of Public Health, Physiotherapy, and Sports Science, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Claire Buckley
- Health Service Executive Contact Management Programme, Health Service Executive, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Mary Archibald
- School of Public Health, Physiotherapy, and Sports Science, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Natalie Rachwal
- School of Public Health, Physiotherapy, and Sports Science, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Vicky Downey
- School of Public Health, Physiotherapy, and Sports Science, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Yanbing Chen
- School of Public Health, Physiotherapy, and Sports Science, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Penpatra Sripaiboonkij
- School of Public Health, Physiotherapy, and Sports Science, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Anne Drummond
- School of Public Health, Physiotherapy, and Sports Science, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Elizabeth Alvarez
- Health Research Methods, Evidence and Impact, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
- Centre for Health Economics and Policy Analysis (CHEPA), McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| | - Carla Perrotta
- School of Public Health, Physiotherapy and Sport Sciences, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
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De Rubeis V, Anderson LN, Khattar J, de Groh M, Jiang Y, Oz UE, Basta NE, Kirkland S, Wolfson C, Griffith LE, Raina P. Stressors and perceived consequences of the COVID-19 pandemic among older adults: a cross-sectional study using data from the Canadian Longitudinal Study on Aging. CMAJ Open 2022; 10:E721-E730. [PMID: 35944921 PMCID: PMC9377549 DOI: 10.9778/cmajo.20210313] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The indirect consequences of the COVID-19 pandemic in older adults, such as stress, are unknown. We sought to describe the stressors and perceived consequences of the COVID-19 pandemic on older adults in Canada and to evaluate differences by socioeconomic factors. METHODS We conducted a cross-sectional study using data from the Canadian Longitudinal Study on Aging COVID-19 Exit Questionnaire (September-December 2020). A 12-item checklist was used to assess stressors (e.g., income loss, separation from family) experienced during the pandemic, and a single question was used to measure perceived consequences. We used a generalized linear model with a binomial distribution and log link to estimate prevalence ratios and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for the association between socioeconomic factors, stressors and perceived consequences. RESULTS Among the 23 972 older adults (aged 50-96 yr) included in this study, 17 977 (75.5%) reported at least 1 stressor during the pandemic, with 5796 (24.4%) experiencing 3 or more stressors. The consequences of the pandemic were perceived as negative by 23 020 (63.1%) participants. Females were more likely to report most stressors than males, such as separation from family (adjusted prevalence ratio 1.31, 95% CI 1.28-1.35). The perceived consequences of the pandemic varied by region; residents of Quebec were less likely to perceive the consequences of the pandemic as negative (adjusted prevalence ratio 0.87, 95% CI 0.84-0.91) than those of the Atlantic provinces. INTERPRETATION These findings suggest that older adults across Canada experienced stressors and perceived the pandemic consequences as negative, though stressors and perceptions of consequences varied by socioeconomic factors and geography, highlighting inequalities. Future research will be needed to estimate the impact of stress during the pandemic on future health outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vanessa De Rubeis
- Department of Health Research Methods, Evidence, and Impact (De Rubeis, Anderson, Khattar, Oz, Griffith, Raina), McMaster University, Hamilton, Ont.; Applied Research Division (De Rubeis, Khattar, de Groh, Jiang), Center for Surveillance and Applied Research, Public Health Agency of Canada, Ottawa, Ont.; Department of Epidemiology, Biostatistics and Occupational Health (Basta, Wolfson), School of Population and Global Health, McGill University, Montréal, Que.; Division of Geriatric Medicine (Kirkland), Department of Community Health and Epidemiology, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS
| | - Laura N Anderson
- Department of Health Research Methods, Evidence, and Impact (De Rubeis, Anderson, Khattar, Oz, Griffith, Raina), McMaster University, Hamilton, Ont.; Applied Research Division (De Rubeis, Khattar, de Groh, Jiang), Center for Surveillance and Applied Research, Public Health Agency of Canada, Ottawa, Ont.; Department of Epidemiology, Biostatistics and Occupational Health (Basta, Wolfson), School of Population and Global Health, McGill University, Montréal, Que.; Division of Geriatric Medicine (Kirkland), Department of Community Health and Epidemiology, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS
| | - Jayati Khattar
- Department of Health Research Methods, Evidence, and Impact (De Rubeis, Anderson, Khattar, Oz, Griffith, Raina), McMaster University, Hamilton, Ont.; Applied Research Division (De Rubeis, Khattar, de Groh, Jiang), Center for Surveillance and Applied Research, Public Health Agency of Canada, Ottawa, Ont.; Department of Epidemiology, Biostatistics and Occupational Health (Basta, Wolfson), School of Population and Global Health, McGill University, Montréal, Que.; Division of Geriatric Medicine (Kirkland), Department of Community Health and Epidemiology, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS
| | - Margaret de Groh
- Department of Health Research Methods, Evidence, and Impact (De Rubeis, Anderson, Khattar, Oz, Griffith, Raina), McMaster University, Hamilton, Ont.; Applied Research Division (De Rubeis, Khattar, de Groh, Jiang), Center for Surveillance and Applied Research, Public Health Agency of Canada, Ottawa, Ont.; Department of Epidemiology, Biostatistics and Occupational Health (Basta, Wolfson), School of Population and Global Health, McGill University, Montréal, Que.; Division of Geriatric Medicine (Kirkland), Department of Community Health and Epidemiology, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS
| | - Ying Jiang
- Department of Health Research Methods, Evidence, and Impact (De Rubeis, Anderson, Khattar, Oz, Griffith, Raina), McMaster University, Hamilton, Ont.; Applied Research Division (De Rubeis, Khattar, de Groh, Jiang), Center for Surveillance and Applied Research, Public Health Agency of Canada, Ottawa, Ont.; Department of Epidemiology, Biostatistics and Occupational Health (Basta, Wolfson), School of Population and Global Health, McGill University, Montréal, Que.; Division of Geriatric Medicine (Kirkland), Department of Community Health and Epidemiology, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS
| | - Urun Erbas Oz
- Department of Health Research Methods, Evidence, and Impact (De Rubeis, Anderson, Khattar, Oz, Griffith, Raina), McMaster University, Hamilton, Ont.; Applied Research Division (De Rubeis, Khattar, de Groh, Jiang), Center for Surveillance and Applied Research, Public Health Agency of Canada, Ottawa, Ont.; Department of Epidemiology, Biostatistics and Occupational Health (Basta, Wolfson), School of Population and Global Health, McGill University, Montréal, Que.; Division of Geriatric Medicine (Kirkland), Department of Community Health and Epidemiology, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS
| | - Nicole E Basta
- Department of Health Research Methods, Evidence, and Impact (De Rubeis, Anderson, Khattar, Oz, Griffith, Raina), McMaster University, Hamilton, Ont.; Applied Research Division (De Rubeis, Khattar, de Groh, Jiang), Center for Surveillance and Applied Research, Public Health Agency of Canada, Ottawa, Ont.; Department of Epidemiology, Biostatistics and Occupational Health (Basta, Wolfson), School of Population and Global Health, McGill University, Montréal, Que.; Division of Geriatric Medicine (Kirkland), Department of Community Health and Epidemiology, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS
| | - Susan Kirkland
- Department of Health Research Methods, Evidence, and Impact (De Rubeis, Anderson, Khattar, Oz, Griffith, Raina), McMaster University, Hamilton, Ont.; Applied Research Division (De Rubeis, Khattar, de Groh, Jiang), Center for Surveillance and Applied Research, Public Health Agency of Canada, Ottawa, Ont.; Department of Epidemiology, Biostatistics and Occupational Health (Basta, Wolfson), School of Population and Global Health, McGill University, Montréal, Que.; Division of Geriatric Medicine (Kirkland), Department of Community Health and Epidemiology, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS
| | - Christina Wolfson
- Department of Health Research Methods, Evidence, and Impact (De Rubeis, Anderson, Khattar, Oz, Griffith, Raina), McMaster University, Hamilton, Ont.; Applied Research Division (De Rubeis, Khattar, de Groh, Jiang), Center for Surveillance and Applied Research, Public Health Agency of Canada, Ottawa, Ont.; Department of Epidemiology, Biostatistics and Occupational Health (Basta, Wolfson), School of Population and Global Health, McGill University, Montréal, Que.; Division of Geriatric Medicine (Kirkland), Department of Community Health and Epidemiology, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS
| | - Lauren E Griffith
- Department of Health Research Methods, Evidence, and Impact (De Rubeis, Anderson, Khattar, Oz, Griffith, Raina), McMaster University, Hamilton, Ont.; Applied Research Division (De Rubeis, Khattar, de Groh, Jiang), Center for Surveillance and Applied Research, Public Health Agency of Canada, Ottawa, Ont.; Department of Epidemiology, Biostatistics and Occupational Health (Basta, Wolfson), School of Population and Global Health, McGill University, Montréal, Que.; Division of Geriatric Medicine (Kirkland), Department of Community Health and Epidemiology, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS
| | - Parminder Raina
- Department of Health Research Methods, Evidence, and Impact (De Rubeis, Anderson, Khattar, Oz, Griffith, Raina), McMaster University, Hamilton, Ont.; Applied Research Division (De Rubeis, Khattar, de Groh, Jiang), Center for Surveillance and Applied Research, Public Health Agency of Canada, Ottawa, Ont.; Department of Epidemiology, Biostatistics and Occupational Health (Basta, Wolfson), School of Population and Global Health, McGill University, Montréal, Que.; Division of Geriatric Medicine (Kirkland), Department of Community Health and Epidemiology, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS
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12
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Alfuqaha OA, Aladwan DA, Al Thaher Y, Alhalaiqa FN. Measuring a panic buying behavior: the role of awareness, demographic factors, development, and verification. Heliyon 2022; 8:e09372. [PMID: 35540934 PMCID: PMC9069988 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2022.e09372] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2021] [Revised: 11/04/2021] [Accepted: 04/25/2022] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
In this study, a new panic buying behavior (PBB) and awareness scales were established and verified during the Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. The PBB scales measured the relationship between people's awareness about COVID-19 and PBB. Moreover, this study investigated the potential association of some demographic factors with PBB. The online descriptive cross-sectional survey was collected from 429 Jordanians who were selected using the snowball sampling technique. The online survey started from April 1st to April 10th, 2020. Pearson correlation coefficient, one-way analysis of variance, independent sample t-test, and linear regression were used in this study. Findings indicated that both established scales were valid and reliable for achieving the required level of validity and reliability. In the current study, participants' awareness of COVID-19 was high; but, their PBB was low. Single and young individuals were positively associated with PBB. Awareness about COVID-19 and age were found to be the main predictors of PBB. This study concluded that the higher the awareness level about COVID-19, the lower PBB. High PBB may affect the world economy, highlighting the importance of COVID-19 awareness.
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Hegazy AA, Seddik SA. Knowledge, attitude and response preparedness to COVID-19: An Egyptian tertiary public hospital client perspective. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF HEALTHCARE MANAGEMENT 2022. [DOI: 10.1080/20479700.2022.2035574] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Amira Aly Hegazy
- Department of Public Health and Community Medicine, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
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14
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Salmon PM, Plant KL. Distributed situation awareness: From awareness in individuals and teams to the awareness of technologies, sociotechnical systems, and societies. APPLIED ERGONOMICS 2022; 98:103599. [PMID: 34656892 DOI: 10.1016/j.apergo.2021.103599] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2021] [Revised: 09/20/2021] [Accepted: 09/23/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
A large component of Neville Stanton's work has focused on situation awareness in domains such as defence, transport, and process control. A significant contribution has been to initiate a shift from considering individual human operator situation awareness to considering the situation awareness of human and non-human teams, organisations, and even sociotechnical systems. Though controversial when introduced, the distributed situation awareness model has become increasingly relevant for modern day systems and problems. In this article we reflect on Stanton's contribution and point to a pressing need to consider a. The situation awareness of advanced technologies, and b. situation awareness at a sociotechnical system, societal and even global level. This is demonstrated via discussion on two contemporaneous issues: automated vehicles and the COVID-19 pandemic. It is concluded that, given advances such as artificial intelligence, the increased connectedness of society, emerging issues such as disinformation, and an increasing set of global threats, Stanton's distributed situation awareness model and associated analysis framework provide a useful toolkit for future Human Factors and Ergonomics applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paul M Salmon
- Centre for Human Factors and Sociotechnical Systems, University of the Sunshine Coast, Maroochydore, QLD, 4558, Australia.
| | - Katherine L Plant
- Transportation Research Group, Faculty of Engineering and Physical Sciences, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK
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15
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Almazari I, Bdeir R, Basheer HA. Evaluation of Jordan's citizens' awareness of the emerging Coronavirus (COVID-19) disease: A mixed analysis of the symptoms, transmission, and preventive measures. PLOS GLOBAL PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 2:e0001041. [PMID: 36962653 PMCID: PMC10022341 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pgph.0001041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2022] [Accepted: 08/31/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
This study aimed to evaluate Jordan citizens' awareness, knowledge, and practice concerning Coronavirus-19 (COVID-19) symptoms, routes of transmission, and preventive measures. An online self-administered questionnaire was filled out completely by participants (N = 328) from mainly four major cities in Jordan during the period beginning of May-end of September 2020. Participants' main sources of knowledge about COVID-19 were the government websites (87.8%), social media (87.5%), and Television (TV) (81.1%). The majority of participants valued the drizzle of cough from infected individuals (96.3%), direct contact with contaminated surfaces (91.5%), and direct contact with infected individuals (84.5%) as the highest rates of the route of transmission. The highest rates chosen as symptoms of COVID-19 viral infections were high-grade fever (99.1%), troublesome breathing (96.6%), coughing (92.7%), headache (91.2%), and loss of smell and taste (80.8%). The majority of participants (>92%) strongly agreed on the behavioral protective measures such as no face touching, wearing a mask, the use of alcoholic hand disinfectants, and the need for self-isolation. This study showed that the Jordanian citizens were aware of the epidemiology of COVID-19 and related infection preventive measures. This agrees well with the efforts done by the Ministry of health and governmental organizations to spread the necessary information about the virus among citizens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Inas Almazari
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Zarqa University, Zarqa, Jordan
| | - Roba Bdeir
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Jadara University, Irbid, Jordan
| | - Haneen A Basheer
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Zarqa University, Zarqa, Jordan
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16
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Magesh KT, Jason SA, Sivachandran A, Aravindhan R, Sathyakumar M, Deenadayalan P. A survey on the COVID-19 awareness and vaccination acceptance/hesitance among the transgender population in various districts of Tamilnadu. JOURNAL OF PHARMACY AND BIOALLIED SCIENCES 2022; 14:S788-S791. [PMID: 36110625 PMCID: PMC9469360 DOI: 10.4103/jpbs.jpbs_166_22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2022] [Revised: 02/18/2022] [Accepted: 02/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction: Material and Methods: Results and Discussion:
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17
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The perceived need for evidence-based COVID-19 management and Tele-education in the North-East region of India: a cross-sectional survey. J Community Health 2022; 47:943-948. [PMID: 35925434 PMCID: PMC9362112 DOI: 10.1007/s10900-022-01076-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/30/2022] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Due to the sudden rise in the cases of COVID-19 in the North-Eastern region of India, this study was conducted to survey the felt needs of the medical professionals with regards to education on the evidence-based management of COVID-19. A total of 25 North-East leaders were recruited and a baseline survey was conducted through the digital medium. Out of 25 North-East leaders, 52% were undergoing training in evidence-based medicine in the capacity-building program for evidence-based child health. Participants (48%) strongly agreed and 40% agreed on the possibility of enhanced care by capacity building in the areas of COVID-19 management through discussing cases. Out of 25 North East leaders, 48% agreed to join both as a speaker as well as a participant. Various priority topics on COVID-19 management e.g. childhood, adult, ocular manifestation, ICU management, telemedicine, vaccines, lab protocols, psychological distress, and treatment strategy have emerged. We have presented the findings of the survey which will help guide the mentoring program focusing on evidence-based management of COVID-19 in remote areas through Tele-education.
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18
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Mallineni SK, Nuvvula S, Bhumireddy JC, Ismail AF, Verma P, Sajja R, Alassaf A, Almulhim B, Alghamdi S, Saha A, Goyal V, Namineni S. Knowledge and Perceptions Regarding Coronavirus (COVID-19) among Pediatric Dentists during Lockdown Period. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2021; 19:ijerph19010209. [PMID: 35010473 PMCID: PMC8750425 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph19010209] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2021] [Revised: 12/20/2021] [Accepted: 12/21/2021] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
AIM To assess the knowledge and perceptions of COVID-19 among pediatric dentists based on their dependent source of information. METHODS A descriptive-analytical cross-sectional survey using a self-administered questionnaire with 23 questions was sent via Google forms to pediatric dentists. All participants were divided into three groups [postgraduate residents (PGs), private practitioners (PP), and faculty (F)]. The comparison of knowledge and perception scores was made based on occupation, source of information, and descriptive statistics used for the analysis using SPSS 21.0 (IBM, Armonk, NY, USA). RESULTS A total of 291 pediatric dentists completed the survey, and the majority of them were females (65%). Overall, good mean scores were obtained for knowledge (9.2 ± 1.07) and perceptions (5.6 ± 1.5). The majority of the participants used health authorities (45%) to obtain updates on COVID-19, while social media (35.1%) and both (19.6%) accounted for the next two. A statistically significant difference (p < 0.05) was found among different pediatric dentists groups for relying on the source of information. CONCLUSION Overall good pediatric dentists showed sufficient knowledge regarding COVID-19. The pediatric dentists' age, occupation, and source of information influenced knowledge regarding COVID-19, whereas perceptions were influenced by age and gender of the participants. Health authorities successfully educated pediatric dentists than the social media.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sreekanth Kumar Mallineni
- Department of Preventive Dental Science, College of Dentistry, Majmaah University, Al Majma’ah 11952, Saudi Arabia; (A.A.); (B.A.); (S.A.)
- Center for Transdisciplinary Research (CFTR), Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Saveetha Dental College, Saveetha University, Chennai 600077, Tamil Nadu, India
- Correspondence: or
| | - Sivakumar Nuvvula
- Department of Pediatric and Preventive Dentistry, Narayana Dental College and Hospital, Nellore 524003, Andhra Pradesh, India;
| | - Jaya Chandra Bhumireddy
- Department of Pediatric and Preventive Dentistry, Saraswati Dhanwantri Dental College and Hospital & Post Graduate Research Institute, Parbhani 431401, Maharashtra, India;
| | - Ahmad Faisal Ismail
- Department of Paediatric Dentistry and Dental Public Health, Kulliyyah of Dentistry, International Islamic University Malaysia, Gombak 25200, Selangor, Malaysia;
| | - Priya Verma
- Department of Pediatric and Preventive Dentistry, Bhabha Institute of Dental Sciences, Bhopal 462026, Madhya Pradesh, India;
| | | | - Abdullah Alassaf
- Department of Preventive Dental Science, College of Dentistry, Majmaah University, Al Majma’ah 11952, Saudi Arabia; (A.A.); (B.A.); (S.A.)
| | - Basim Almulhim
- Department of Preventive Dental Science, College of Dentistry, Majmaah University, Al Majma’ah 11952, Saudi Arabia; (A.A.); (B.A.); (S.A.)
| | - Sara Alghamdi
- Department of Preventive Dental Science, College of Dentistry, Majmaah University, Al Majma’ah 11952, Saudi Arabia; (A.A.); (B.A.); (S.A.)
| | - Anupam Saha
- Pediatric Dentistry, Sairam Dental Hospital, Calcutta 700012, West Bengal, India;
| | - Virinder Goyal
- Department of Pediatric and Preventive Dentistry, Gurunanak Dev Dental College, Patiala 148028, Punjab, India;
| | - Srinivas Namineni
- Pediatric Dentistry, Rainbow Hospitals, Hyderabad 500034, Telangana, India;
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19
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Tamiru A, Regassa B, Alemu T, Begna Z. The performance of COVID-19 Surveillance System as timely containment strategy in Western Oromia, Ethiopia. BMC Public Health 2021; 21:2297. [PMID: 34922501 PMCID: PMC8684163 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-021-12380-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2020] [Accepted: 11/26/2021] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND COVID-19 has been swiftly spreading throughout the world ever since it emerged in Wuhan, China, in late December 2019. Case detection and contact identification remain the key surveillance objectives for effective containment of the pandemic. This study was aimed at assessing performance of surveillance in early containment of COVID 19 in Western Oromia, Ethiopia. METHODS A cross-sectional study was conducted from August 1 to September 30, 2020, in the 7 kebeles of Nekemte and 2 kebeles of Shambu Town. Residents who lived there for at least the past six months were considered eligible for this study. Data were collected from community and health system at different levels using semi structured questionnaire and checklist, respectively. Participants' health facility usage (dependent variable) and perceived risk, awareness, Socioeconomic Status, and practices (independent variable) were assessed. Bivariable analysis was computed to test the presence of an association between dependent and independent variables. Independent predictors were identified on multivariable logistic regression using a p-value of (<0.05) significance level. We have checked the model goodness of fit test by Hosmer-lemeshow test. RESULTS One hundred seventy-nine (41%) of the participants believe that they have a high risk of contracting COVID-19 and 127 (29%) of them reported they have been visited by health extension worker. One hundred ninety-seven (45.2%) reported that they were not using health facilities for routine services during this pandemic. Except one hospital, all health facilities (92%) were using updated case definition. Three (33%) of the assessed health posts didn't have community volunteers. On multivariable logistic regression analysis, the source of income AOR=0.30, 95% CI (0.11, 0.86), perceived level of risk AOR=3.42, 95% CI (2.04, 5.7) and not visited by health extension workers AOR=0.46, 95% CI (0.29, 0.74) were found to be independent predictors of not using health facilities during this pandemic. CONCLUSION Event based surveillance, both at community and health facility level, was not performing optimally in identifying potential suspects. Therefore, for effective early containment of epidemic, it is critical to strengthen event based surveillance and make use of surveillance data for tailored intervention in settings where mass testing is not feasible.
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Affiliation(s)
- Afework Tamiru
- Department of Public Health, Institute of Health Sciences, Wollega University, Nekemte, Ethiopia
| | - Bikila Regassa
- Department of Public Health, Institute of Health Sciences, Wollega University, Nekemte, Ethiopia
| | - Tamirat Alemu
- Department of Public Health, Institute of Health Sciences, Wollega University, Nekemte, Ethiopia
| | - Zenebu Begna
- Department of public health, college of medicine and health sciences, Ambo University, Ambo, Ethiopia
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20
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Mwai J, Nyole D, Abdi M, Ahmed I, Mutai J, Kaduka L, Ndemwa P, Omogi J. Assessment of water, sanitation and hygiene practices for prevention and control of COVID-19 in Kenya. Int Health 2021; 14:597-603. [PMID: 34865029 PMCID: PMC9623497 DOI: 10.1093/inthealth/ihab077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2021] [Revised: 09/08/2021] [Accepted: 11/08/2021] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Safely managed water, sanitation and hygiene (WASH) services are an essential part of preventing and protecting human health during infectious disease outbreaks, including the current coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. Additionally, adherence to COVID-19 measures, including washing hands using soap and proper waste disposal, no doubt can improve containment of the virus. Methods A cross-sectional survey was conducted in Kilifi and Mombasa Counties in Kenya. A total of 612 quantitative data were collected using a mobile data collection tool Open Data Kit. Parametric and non-parametric tests were used to examine factors associated with WASH practices and control of COVID-19 in Kenya. Results More than half of the respondents were from Kilifi, 431 (70.4%) were female and the mean age was 38.2±14.8 y. Households in Kilifi were most likely not to have enough water, while Mombasa households were more likely to pay for water. Sanitation coverage was 47.6%, with more than half sharing sanitation facilities. Sharing of latrines was significantly associated with county and income level. Accessing soap was worse compared with the month prior to the survey, only 3.9% had their garbage collected by formal service providers and only 17% reported wearing any protective gear while handling waste at home. Conclusions Water is disproportionately available in the two counties, with low sanitation coverage. There is low knowledge on hand washing and inadequate waste disposal services.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Mwai
- Centre for Public Health Research, Kenya Medical Research Institute, Kenya
| | | | - M Abdi
- Centre for Public Health Research, Kenya Medical Research Institute, Kenya
| | - I Ahmed
- Centre for Public Health Research, Kenya Medical Research Institute, Kenya
| | - J Mutai
- Centre for Public Health Research, Kenya Medical Research Institute, Kenya
| | - L Kaduka
- Centre for Public Health Research, Kenya Medical Research Institute, Kenya
| | - P Ndemwa
- Centre for Public Health Research, Kenya Medical Research Institute, Kenya
| | - J Omogi
- Jomo Kenyatta University of Agriculture and Technology
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21
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Alakeely M, Almutari A, Masud N, Altulaihi B. Preparedness of Primary Health Care Leaders During COVID-19 Outbreak, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia: A Qualitative Study. Risk Manag Healthc Policy 2021; 14:4339-4351. [PMID: 34703343 PMCID: PMC8541794 DOI: 10.2147/rmhp.s331903] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2021] [Accepted: 10/08/2021] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose Our study aims to explore the preparedness of the frontline leaders of the primary health care (PHC) centres in dealing with the COVID-19 pandemic and to understand their experiences in implementing preventive interventions necessary to routinise health care service delivery. Methods A qualitative exploratory study was conducted using in-depth interviews with the participants in English. The interviews were transcribed verbatim, and inductive coding followed by thematic analysis was performed using NVivo version 12. Participants Six participants in charge of managing their respective primary health care settings were included in the study. Purposive sampling was used to identify participants until saturation was reached. After agreement, the interviews were scheduled as per availability. Results The results were grouped into three major themes and nine subthemes. Most leaders reported that they were trained in pandemic preparedness, but there was a lack of focused readiness to handle a massive-scale, infectious disease outbreak or pandemic. The initial lack of guidelines specific to COVID-19 was a barrier in making decisions related to staff and patient care. Services were interrupted initially and there was lack of staff since many acquired COVID-19 and were isolated. The shortage of the staff was delt by repurposing staff from other departments to the essential care services. Fears related to pandemic was one of the main concerns reported among staff and patients. Several initiatives were taken to ensure staff safety and uninterrupted service delivery to patients. The use of technology was an effective mechanism in preparing for the pandemic. Conclusion This qualitative study helped in understanding the experiences of primary health care leaders during the COVID-19 pandemic. The facilities lacked overall preparedness at the beginning of the pandemic; however, many initiatives were taken in course of time to ensure smooth operations and continued service delivery to the patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maha Alakeely
- Department of Family Medicine, King Abdulaziz Medical City, Ministry of National Guard Health Affairs, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.,King Abdullah International Medical Research Centre, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Arwa Almutari
- King Abdullah International Medical Research Centre, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.,Department of Radiology, King Abdulaziz Medical City, Ministry of National Guard Health Affairs, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Nazish Masud
- King Abdullah International Medical Research Centre, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.,Research Unit, Department of Medical Education, College of Medicine, King Saud BIN Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Bader Altulaihi
- Department of Family Medicine, King Abdulaziz Medical City, Ministry of National Guard Health Affairs, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.,King Abdullah International Medical Research Centre, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
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22
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Anorue LI, Ugwu AC, Ugboaja SU, Nwabunze UO, Ugwulor-Onyinyechi CC, Njoku C. Communicating COVID-19 Vaccine Safety: Knowledge and Attitude Among Residents of South East, Nigeria. Infect Drug Resist 2021; 14:3785-3794. [PMID: 34557003 PMCID: PMC8453440 DOI: 10.2147/idr.s329183] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2021] [Accepted: 08/31/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The fight against the coronavirus disease (COVID-19), which has continued to threaten human existence globally, has led to the development of vaccines in order to control the rate of infection and death associated with the disease. Media messages on the COVID-19 vaccine are geared towards raising audience awareness and understanding of health risks, knowledge and attitudes about the vaccine safety. OBJECTIVE The study examined the knowledge and attitude towards COVID-19 vaccine safety media messages amongst residents of South East, Nigeria. METHODS A cross-sectional descriptive study was conducted among 399 respondents (18-47 years) in both urban and rural communities of South East, Nigeria from May 6th to July 4th, 2021. The survey was carried out using structured self administered questionnaire containing the respondents' demographics, knowledge and attitudes towards media messages regarding COVID-19 vaccine safety. The data were analysed using the SPSS version 26 software. Result was presented in frequencies, percentages and charts showing the interrelatedness of the variables examined. Regression ANOVA was used to test hypotheses on the extent to which level of exposure to COVID-19 media messages predict their knowledge and attitude towards COVID-19 vaccine safety at P<0.05 level of significance. RESULTS Data indicate respondents are apprehensive of taking the COVID-19 vaccine. Approximately, 91% of respondents are between the ages of 18 and 27 years. Meanwhile, 26.1% of the respondents agreed that media messages on COVID-19 vaccine is very assuring and convincing as regards human safety; 42.4% disagreed on the safety of COVID-19 vaccine safety messages; 26.1% rated vaccine messages as moderate as regards human safety, while 5.5% rated the vaccine messages as poor. Knowledge of respondents regarding the safety of the vaccine was low and respondents' attitude was negative in South East, Nigeria. The implication is indicative of the failure of the main stream media in educating the general public on pertinent health issues relevant to them. CONCLUSION Knowledge regarding media messages on COVID-19 vaccine safety is low. Messages on COVID-19 vaccine safety were not sufficient and convincing. Consequently, there is a negative attitude towards the vaccine. Hence, improving knowledge and adoptive attitude amongst respondents amidst COVID-19 is critical.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Uzoma O Nwabunze
- Department of Mass Communication, University of Nigeria, Nsukka, Nigeria
| | | | - Chioma Njoku
- Department of Mass Communication, University of Nigeria, Nsukka, Nigeria
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