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Shi Q, Li Q, Wu C, Ma S, Liang C, Fan X, Zhong J, Liu L. Deoxynivalenol Damages Corneal Epithelial Cells and Exacerbates Inflammatory Response in Fungal Keratitis. Mycopathologia 2024; 189:28. [PMID: 38483684 DOI: 10.1007/s11046-024-00829-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2023] [Accepted: 01/02/2024] [Indexed: 03/19/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Fungal keratitis (FK) is a kind of infectious keratopathy with a high rate of blindness worldwide. Deoxynivalenol (DON) has been proven to have multiple toxic effects on humans and animals. OBJECTIVES The aim of this study was to explore a possible pathogenic role of DON in FK. METHODS We first made an animal model of FK in New Zealand white rabbits, and then attempted to detect DON in a culture medium in which Fusarium solani had been grown and also in the corneal tissue of the animal model of Fusarium solani keratitis. Next, a model of DON damage in human corneal epithelial cells (HCECs) was constructed to evaluate effects of DON on the activity, migration ability, cell cycle, and apoptosis in the HCECs. Then, putative the toxic damaging effects of DON on rabbit corneal epithelial cells and the impact of the repair cycle were studied. The expression levels of inflammatory factors in the corneas of the animal model and in the model of DON-damaged HCECs were measured. RESULTS The Fusarium solani strain used in this study appeared to have the potential to produce DON, since DON was detected in the corneal tissue of rabbits which had been inoculated with this Fusarium solani strain. DON was found to alter the morphology of HCECs, to reduce the activity and to inhibit the proliferation and migration of HCECs. DON also induced the apoptosis and S-phase arrest of HCECs. In addition, DON was found to damage rabbit corneal epithelial cells, to prolong the corneal epithelial regeneration cycle, and to be associated with the upregulated expression of inflammatory factors in HCECs and rabbit corneas. CONCLUSIONS DON appears to have a toxic damaging effect on HCECs in FK, and to induce the expression of inflammatory factors, leading to the exacerbation of keratitis and the formation of new blood vessels. Future studies will explore the possibility of developing a test to detect DON in ophthalmic settings to aid the rapid diagnosis of FK, and to develop DON neutralizers and adsorbents which have the potential to improve keratocyte status, inhibit apoptosis, and alleviate inflammation, therein providing new thinking for therapy of clinical FK.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qi Shi
- Department of Ophthalmology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510630, China
| | - QingQing Li
- Department of Ophthalmology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510630, China
| | - Changlin Wu
- Department of Ophthalmology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510630, China
| | - Shisi Ma
- Department of Ophthalmology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510630, China
- Department of Ophthalmology, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 515282, China
| | - Chunlan Liang
- Department of Ophthalmology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510630, China
| | - Xiaoyi Fan
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510630, China
| | - Jingxiang Zhong
- Department of Ophthalmology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510630, China.
- Department of Ophthalmology, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital, Jinan University, Dongguan, 523000, China.
| | - Lian Liu
- Department of Ophthalmology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510630, China.
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Sakamoto S, Nagasaki A, Shrestha M, Shintani T, Watanabe A, Furusho H, Chayama K, Takata T, Miyauchi M. Porphyromonas gingivalis-odontogenic infection is the potential risk for progression of nonalcoholic steatohepatitis-related neoplastic nodule formation. Sci Rep 2023; 13:9350. [PMID: 37291206 PMCID: PMC10250332 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-36553-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2022] [Accepted: 06/06/2023] [Indexed: 06/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Porphyromonas gingivalis (P.g.), a major periodontal pathogen is a known risk factor for various systemic diseases. However, the relationship between P.g. and nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH)-related hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is unclear. Thus, we aimed to elucidate whether P.g.-odontogenic infection promotes NASH-related HCC development/progression and to clarify its mechanism. Using high-fat diet (HFD)-induced NASH mouse model, P.g. was infected odontogenically. After 60 weeks of infection, tumor profiles were examined. Chow diet (CD) groups were also prepared at 60 weeks. Nodule formation was only seen in HFD-mice. P.g.-odontogenic infection significantly increased the mean nodule area (P = 0.0188) and tended to promote histological progression score after 60 weeks (P = 0.0956). Interestingly, P.g. was detected in the liver. HFD-P.g. (+) showed numerous TNF-α positive hepatic crown-like structures and 8-OHdG expression in the non-neoplastic liver. In P.g.-infected hepatocytes, phosphorylation of integrin β1 signaling molecules (FAK/ERK/AKT) was upregulated in vitro. In fact, total AKT in the liver of HFD-P.g. (+) was higher than that of HFD-P.g. (-). P.g.-infected hepatocytes showed increased cell proliferation and migration, and decreased doxorubicin-mediated apoptosis. Integrin β1 knockdown inhibited these phenotypic changes. P.g.-odontogenic infection may promote the progression of neoplastic nodule formation in an HFD-induced NASH mouse model via integrin signaling and TNF-α induced oxidative DNA damage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shinnichi Sakamoto
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Pathobiology, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, 1-2-3 Kasumi, Minami-Ku, Hiroshima, Hiroshima, 734-8551, Japan
- Division of Pathology, Department of Diagnostic and Therapeutic Sciences, Meikai University School of Dentistry, Sakado, Japan
| | - Atsuhiro Nagasaki
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Pathobiology, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, 1-2-3 Kasumi, Minami-Ku, Hiroshima, Hiroshima, 734-8551, Japan
- Division of Molecular and Regenerative Prosthodontics, Tohoku University Graduate School of Dentistry, Sendai, Japan
| | - Madhu Shrestha
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Pathobiology, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, 1-2-3 Kasumi, Minami-Ku, Hiroshima, Hiroshima, 734-8551, Japan
- Department of Diagnostic Sciences, Texas A&M University School of Dentistry, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Tomoaki Shintani
- Center of Oral Clinical Examination, Hiroshima University Hospital, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Atsushi Watanabe
- Laboratory of Research Advancement, National Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology, Research Institute, Obu, Japan
| | - Hisako Furusho
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Pathobiology, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, 1-2-3 Kasumi, Minami-Ku, Hiroshima, Hiroshima, 734-8551, Japan
| | - Kazuaki Chayama
- Collaborative Research Laboratory of Medical Innovation, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan
- Research Center for Hepatology and Gastroenterology, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan
- RIKEN Center for Integrative Medical Sciences, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Takashi Takata
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Pathobiology, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, 1-2-3 Kasumi, Minami-Ku, Hiroshima, Hiroshima, 734-8551, Japan.
- Shunan University, 843-4-2 Gakuendai, Shunan, Japan.
| | - Mutsumi Miyauchi
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Pathobiology, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, 1-2-3 Kasumi, Minami-Ku, Hiroshima, Hiroshima, 734-8551, Japan.
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Gc JB, Chen J, Pokharel SM, Mohanty I, Mariasoosai C, Obi P, Panipinto P, Bandyopadhyay S, Bose S, Natesan S. Molecular basis for the recognition of 24-(S)-hydroxycholesterol by integrin αvβ3. Sci Rep 2023; 13:9166. [PMID: 37280310 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-36040-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2023] [Accepted: 05/28/2023] [Indexed: 06/08/2023] Open
Abstract
A growing body of evidence suggests that oxysterols such as 25-hydroxycholesterol (25HC) are biologically active and involved in many physiological and pathological processes. Our previous study demonstrated that 25HC induces an innate immune response during viral infections by activating the integrin-focal adhesion kinase (FAK) pathway. 25HC produced the proinflammatory response by binding directly to integrins at a novel binding site (site II) and triggering the production of proinflammatory mediators such as tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF) and interleukin-6 (IL-6). 24-(S)-hydroxycholesterol (24HC), a structural isomer of 25HC, plays a critical role in cholesterol homeostasis in the human brain and is implicated in multiple inflammatory conditions, including Alzheimer's disease. However, whether 24HC can induce a proinflammatory response like 25HC in non-neuronal cells has not been studied and remains unknown. The aim of this study was to examine whether 24HC produces such an immune response using in silico and in vitro experiments. Our results indicate that despite being a structural isomer of 25HC, 24HC binds at site II in a distinct binding mode, engages in varied residue interactions, and produces significant conformational changes in the specificity-determining loop (SDL). In addition, our surface plasmon resonance (SPR) study reveals that 24HC could directly bind to integrin αvβ3, with a binding affinity three-fold lower than 25HC. Furthermore, our in vitro studies with macrophages support the involvement of FAK and NFκB signaling pathways in triggering 24HC-mediated production of TNF. Thus, we have identified 24HC as another oxysterol that binds to integrin αvβ3 and promotes a proinflammatory response via the integrin-FAK-NFκB pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeevan B Gc
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Washington State University, Spokane, WA, 992020, USA
| | - Justin Chen
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Washington State University, Spokane, WA, 992020, USA
| | - Swechha M Pokharel
- Department of Veterinary Microbiology and Pathology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Washington State University, Pullman, WA, 99210, USA
| | - Indira Mohanty
- Department of Veterinary Microbiology and Pathology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Washington State University, Pullman, WA, 99210, USA
| | - Charles Mariasoosai
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Washington State University, Spokane, WA, 992020, USA
| | - Peter Obi
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Washington State University, Spokane, WA, 992020, USA
| | - Paul Panipinto
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Washington State University, Spokane, WA, 992020, USA
| | - Smarajit Bandyopadhyay
- Molecular Biotechnology Core Laboratory, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, 44195, USA
| | - Santanu Bose
- Department of Veterinary Microbiology and Pathology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Washington State University, Pullman, WA, 99210, USA
| | - Senthil Natesan
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Washington State University, Spokane, WA, 992020, USA.
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Zhao J, Wei Q, Guo S, Wang H, Zhao C, Hu C, Liu C, Dai Q, Wang R. Efficacy of Oxymatrine Plus Antiviral in the Treatment of Sepsis and Its Effect on the Levels of Endotoxin and Inflammatory Factors. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE : ECAM 2022; 2022:1938325. [PMID: 35656463 PMCID: PMC9155921 DOI: 10.1155/2022/1938325] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2022] [Revised: 04/16/2022] [Accepted: 04/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Objective To assess the clinical efficacy of oxymatrine plus antiviral therapy in the treatment of sepsis and its effects on the levels of endotoxin and inflammatory factors. Methodology. 90 patients with sepsis were selected for retrospective analysis and were assigned to receive either conventional treatment (control group) or oxymatrine plus antiviral treatment (study group). The clinical endpoint was treatment efficacy. Results There were no significant differences in baseline patient profile between the two groups (P > 0.05). The study group showed a higher efficiency versus the control group (P < 0.05). Patients in the study group had a significantly shorter mechanical ventilation duration and ICU stay versus those in the control group (P < 0.05). Both groups had reduced Acute Physiology and Chronic Health Evaluation II (APACHE II) score, Marshall score, levels of endotoxin, tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), interleukin (IL)-6, IL-8, C-reactive protein (CRP), and procalcitonin (PCT) after treatment, with lower results in the study group versus the control group (P < 0.05). Conclusion Oxymatrine plus antiviral therapy effectively improves clinical efficacy, reduces the levels of endotoxin and inflammatory factors, protects organ function, and boosts recovery. Further clinical trials are, however, required prior to general application in clinical practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinglin Zhao
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Cangzhou Central Hospital, Cangzhou, Hebei, China
| | - Qi Wei
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Cangzhou Central Hospital, Cangzhou, Hebei, China
| | - Shengchao Guo
- Department II of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Cangzhou Central Hospital, Cangzhou, Hebei, China
| | - Hao Wang
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Cangzhou Central Hospital, Cangzhou, Hebei, China
| | - Chao Zhao
- Department of Pharmacology, Cangzhou Medical College, Cangzhou, Hebei, China
| | - Caihong Hu
- Department of Pharmacology, Cangzhou Medical College, Cangzhou, Hebei, China
| | - Cuicui Liu
- Department of Pharmacology, Cangzhou Medical College, Cangzhou, Hebei, China
| | - Qingchun Dai
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Cangzhou Central Hospital, Cangzhou, Hebei, China
| | - Rui Wang
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Cangzhou Central Hospital, Cangzhou, Hebei, China
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