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Su S, Cousijn J, Molenaar D, Freichel R, Larsen H, Wiers RW. From everyday life to measurable problematic smartphone use: The development and validation of the Smartphone Use Problems Identification Questionnaire (SUPIQ). J Behav Addict 2024; 13:506-524. [PMID: 38635334 PMCID: PMC11220805 DOI: 10.1556/2006.2024.00010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2023] [Revised: 01/19/2024] [Accepted: 03/09/2024] [Indexed: 04/20/2024] Open
Abstract
Background and aims Problematic smartphone use (PSU) has gained attention, but its definition remains debated. This study aimed to develop and validate a new scale measuring PSU-the Smartphone Use Problems Identification Questionnaire (SUPIQ). Methods Using two separate samples, a university community sample (N = 292) and a general population sample (N = 397), we investigated: (1) the construct validity of the SUPIQ through exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses; (2) the convergent validity of the SUPIQ with correlation analyses and the visualized partial correlation network analyses; (3) the psychometric equivalence of the SUPIQ across two samples through multigroup confirmatory factor analyses; (4) the explanatory power of the SUPIQ over the Short Version of Smartphone Addiction Scale (SAS-SV) with hierarchical multiple regressions. Results The results showed that the SUPIQ included 26 items and 7 factors (i.e., Craving, Coping, Habitual Use, Social Conflicts, Risky Use, Withdrawal, and Tolerance), with good construct and convergent validity. The configural measurement invariance across samples was established. The SUPIQ also explained more variances in mental health problems than the SAS-SV. Discussion and conclusions The findings suggest that the SUPIQ shows promise as a tool for assessing PSU. Further research is needed to enhance and refine the SUPIQ as well as to investigate its clinical utility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuang Su
- Addiction Development and Psychopathology (ADAPT)-Lab, Department of Psychology, University of Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Janna Cousijn
- Addiction Development and Psychopathology (ADAPT)-Lab, Department of Psychology, University of Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Neuroscience of Addiction Lab, Department of Psychology, Education & Child Studies, Erasmus University Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Dylan Molenaar
- Psychological Methods, Department of Psychology, University of Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - René Freichel
- Addiction Development and Psychopathology (ADAPT)-Lab, Department of Psychology, University of Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Helle Larsen
- Addiction Development and Psychopathology (ADAPT)-Lab, Department of Psychology, University of Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Reinout W. Wiers
- Addiction Development and Psychopathology (ADAPT)-Lab, Department of Psychology, University of Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Centre for Urban Mental Health, University of Amsterdam, The Netherlands
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Sipowicz K, Pietras T, Mosiołek A, Sobstyl M, Ring M, Kamecki K, Stefańczyk I, Kosmalski M. The sense of loneliness and meaning in life in post-COVID convalescents-a preliminary study. Front Psychiatry 2023; 14:1296385. [PMID: 38188044 PMCID: PMC10768000 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2023.1296385] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2023] [Accepted: 11/30/2023] [Indexed: 01/09/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction The COVID-19 epidemic has provided opportunity to study the impact of a well-defined severe illness on the development of a depressive episode and the associated sense of loneliness and lack of meaning in life. Materials and Methods The aim of the study was to assess the occurrence of a reactive depressive episode, the severity of depression, a sense of loneliness and meaning in life in subjects who approximately a year earlier than the date of the study had suffered from a pulmonary form of SARS-CoV-2 infection with radiologically documented interstitial lesions of the lungs, requiring and not requiring hospitalization compared to people who did not develop the disease as a result of infection with that virus. The study included 63 subjects hospitalized for pulmonary lesions, 67 not hospitalized and 60 healthy controls. The severity of depressive symptoms was measured using a Polish-language standardized version of the Beck Depression Inventory, a sense of loneliness using the De Jong Gierveld Loneliness Scale, and a sense of meaning in life using the Life Attitude Profile-Revised. Results The frequency of depression and its severity were found to be the highest in hospitalized patients compared to those treated at home and healthy people. A significant difference in the frequency of depression and its severity between outpatients and healthy people was also observed. The feeling of loneliness turned out to be greatest in the group of hospitalized people. Also, the severity of loneliness was found to be higher in the outpatient compared to the control group. The sense of meaning in life reached its lowest level among hospitalized patients, was moderately reduced in the outpatient group, and typical of the Polish population in the control group. Discussion Both pulmonary SARS-CoV-2 infection and hospitalization have been shown to be a risk factor for depression, increased feeling of loneliness and a reduced sense of meaning in life. The effect of trauma and the presence of depression can be the explanation for the increased sense of loneliness after the illness and the partial breakdown of the lifeline manifested by a decrease in the sense of meaning in life.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kasper Sipowicz
- Department of Interdisciplinary Disability Studies, The Maria Grzegorzewska University in Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Tadeusz Pietras
- The Second Department of Psychiatry, Institute of Psychiatry and Neurology in Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Medical University of Lodz, Lodz, Poland
| | - Anna Mosiołek
- Department of Forensic Psychiatry, Institute of Psychiatry and Neurology in Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Michał Sobstyl
- Neurosurgery Department, Institute of Psychiatry and Neurology in Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Michał Ring
- The Second Department of Psychiatry, Institute of Psychiatry and Neurology in Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Krystian Kamecki
- The Second Department of Psychiatry, Institute of Psychiatry and Neurology in Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Ignacy Stefańczyk
- The Second Department of Psychiatry, Institute of Psychiatry and Neurology in Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Marcin Kosmalski
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Medical University of Lodz, Lodz, Poland
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Zhang HX. Smartphone Addiction Among University Students' During the Post-COVID-19 Era: The Role of Emotional Intelligence and Future Anxiety. Psychiatry Investig 2023; 20:951-961. [PMID: 37899219 PMCID: PMC10620330 DOI: 10.30773/pi.2023.0021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2023] [Revised: 04/29/2023] [Accepted: 08/11/2023] [Indexed: 10/31/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19) pandemic-related psychological symptoms can lead to smartphone addiction (SPA) risk and other behavioral disorders, thus impacting individuals' mental health and well-being. The present study aims to propose a mediation model to investigate the association between emotional intelligence (EI) and SPA, and the mediating role of future anxiety (FA) during the post-COVID-19 era. METHODS An online questionnaire including the Emotional Intelligence Scale, the Dark Future Scale, and the Smartphone Addiction Scale among university students from China, was conducted between September 14 and November 22, 2022. Finally, 1,154 valid questionnaires were collected. The reliability and confirmatory factor analysis results showed that all three scales had good reliability and validity. RESULTS Structural Equation Model demonstrated that EI significantly and negatively influenced SPA (β=0.211, p<0.001), university students' FA significantly and positively effected SPA (β=0.315, p<0.001), EI significantly predicted SPA in university students, and FA partially mediated the association between EI and SPA. The mediation effect of FA was 0.110, which accounted for 34.27% of the total effect. Bootstrap results furthermore tested the rigor of the mediating effect. CONCLUSION These findings broaden our understanding regarding the relationship between EI and SPA and the mediating role of FA, providing new sights for educators on how to reduce the risk of SPA when confronting the ongoing and possible future pandemics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hong-xin Zhang
- Institute for Zhongyuan Insitute for Peasant Studies, Zhoukou Normal University, Zhoukou, China
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Vally Z, Helmy M, Fourie L. The association between depression and addictive social media use during the COVID-19 pandemic: The mediating role of sense of control. PLoS One 2023; 18:e0291034. [PMID: 37683017 PMCID: PMC10490948 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0291034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2023] [Accepted: 08/20/2023] [Indexed: 09/10/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND COVID-19 precipitated a plethora of mental health difficulties, particularly for those with pre-existing mental health concerns such as depression or addictive tendencies. For some, the distress that emanated from the experience of the pandemic prompted excessive engagement in the safety of online interactions on social media. The present study examined whether variation in individuals' sense of control explained the association between depression and addictive social media use. METHOD A sample of 1322 participants from two Middle Eastern nations provided data collected during the peak of the pandemic from February to May 2021. A combination of convenience and snowball sampling were used to recruit and collect data from college-aged students enrolled at two universities in Egypt and the United Arab Emirates, respectively. This study adopted a cross-sectional design in which participants completed a self-administered survey that consisted of measures that assessed depressive affect, sense of control, and addictive social media use. RESULTS Depression was significantly and positively associated with addictive SMU. Sense of control was negatively related to both depression and SMU and significantly mediated the association between these two variables (β = .62, SE = .03, 95%CI .56, .68). CONCLUSION This study identified a potential protective variable that could be targeted by psychological treatment to ameliorate the potential onset of addictive SMU in individuals with depressive symptoms under conditions of immense psychological distress such as a worldwide pandemic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zahir Vally
- Department of Clinical Psychology, United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain, United Arab Emirates
| | - Mai Helmy
- Department of Psychology, Sultan Qaboos University, Muscat, Sultanate of Oman
- Department of Psychology, Menoufia University, Shebin El-Kom, Egypt
| | - Louis Fourie
- Department of Clinical Psychology, United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain, United Arab Emirates
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Calvo V, Masaro C, Fusco C, Pellicelli C, Ghedin S, Marogna C. Eudaimonic Well-Being of Italian Young Adults during the COVID-19 Pandemic: Predictive and Mediating Roles of Fear of Death and Psychological Inflexibility. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2023; 20:5960. [PMID: 37297564 PMCID: PMC10252345 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph20115960] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2023] [Revised: 05/17/2023] [Accepted: 05/23/2023] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
The literature has widely acknowledged the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the mental health of young adults. Despite extensive research, eudaimonic well-being, which focuses on self-knowledge and self-realization, has been scarcely investigated. This cross-sectional study aimed to add knowledge on the eudaimonic well-being of young adults one year after the outbreak of the COVID-19 pandemic, verifying its potential linkages with fear of death and psychological inflexibility. A total of 317 young Italian adults (18-34 years), recruited through a chain sampling method, completed measures of psychological inflexibility, fear of death, and eudaimonic well-being included in an online survey. The study's hypotheses were tested with multivariate multiple regression and mediational analyses. Results showed that psychological inflexibility was negatively associated with all the dimensions of well-being, while fear of the death of others was associated with autonomy, environmental mastery, and self-acceptance. Furthermore, in the association between fear of death and well-being, the mediation role of psychological inflexibility was verified. These results contribute to the extant literature on the factors associated with eudaimonic well-being, providing clinical insights into the work with young adults within challenging times.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vincenzo Calvo
- Department of Philosophy, Sociology, Pedagogy, and Applied Psychology, University of Padova, 35131 Padua, Italy
| | - Chiara Masaro
- Department of Philosophy, Sociology, Pedagogy, and Applied Psychology, University of Padova, 35131 Padua, Italy
| | - Chiara Fusco
- Department of Psychology, University of Milano-Bicocca, 20126 Milan, Italy
| | - Camilla Pellicelli
- Department of Philosophy, Sociology, Pedagogy, and Applied Psychology, University of Padova, 35131 Padua, Italy
| | - Simona Ghedin
- Servizio per le Dipendenze ASL Roma 6, 00041 Anzio, Italy
| | - Cristina Marogna
- Department of Philosophy, Sociology, Pedagogy, and Applied Psychology, University of Padova, 35131 Padua, Italy
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Brailovskaia J, Margraf J. Physical activity mediates the relationship between depressive symptoms and problematic smartphone use (PSU) in Germany. JOURNAL OF AFFECTIVE DISORDERS REPORTS 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jadr.2023.100505] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/22/2023] Open
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Vulnerable narcissism, fear of missing out (FoMO) and addictive social media use: A gender comparison from Germany. COMPUTERS IN HUMAN BEHAVIOR 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chb.2023.107725] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/08/2023]
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Liu H, Novotný JS, Váchová L. The effect of mobile phone addiction on perceived stress and mediating role of ruminations: Evidence from Chinese and Czech university students. Front Psychol 2022; 13:1057544. [PMID: 36600696 PMCID: PMC9806227 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2022.1057544] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2022] [Accepted: 11/29/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction The rise in the capabilities of mobile devices and the associated increase in the proportion of time we spend on them has not only positive benefits but also several risks, including mobile phone addiction and its consequences. The complex mechanisms of the impact of this addiction on mental health, especially in a cross-cultural context, however, remain relatively unknown. The aim of this cross-cultural study was to investigate the mediating role of rumination on the association between mobile phone addiction and perceived stress. Methods A population of 358 Chinese and 282 Czech university students was tested using a battery of validated psychological tests that included a short version of the Smartphone Addiction Scale, the Ruminative Response Scale, and the Perceived Stress Scale. Results The results showed significant cross-cultural differences with Czech students manifesting greater rumination (d = 0.79) and perceived stress (d = 0.42) and Chinese students showing greater mobile phone addiction (d = 1.01). Mediation analyses showed that the effect of mobile phone addiction on stress levels was mediated through the rumination in both populations (45.6% and 80.9% of the explained variance for Chinese and Czech students, respectively) and did not differ between the two countries (estimate of difference [95%CI] = -0.052[-0.166, 0.037], p = 0.27). In contrast, the significant direct effect of mobile phone addiction on perceived stress was only present in Chinese students, where it was marginally larger than the indirect effect. In Czech students, the direct effect was not manifested and the difference between countries was significant (estimate of difference [95%CI] = 0.242 [0.035, 0.413], p < 0.001). In all of the cases, the association between the variables was positive, i.e., as one grew, so did the other. Finally, a moderated-mediation analysis confirmed that country of origin significantly moderated only the direct relationship between mobile phone dependence and perceived stress (p = 0.002). Discussion These results suggest that the mechanism of interaction between excessive mobile phone use and perceived stress is culturally conditioned, which may limit the transferability of research findings in a global context and requires further cross-cultural studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongyang Liu
- Department of Psychology and Abnormal Psychology, Faculty of Education, Palacký University Olomouc, Olomouc, Czechia
| | - Jan Sebastian Novotný
- Department of Psychology and Abnormal Psychology, Faculty of Education, Palacký University Olomouc, Olomouc, Czechia
- Translational Neuroscience and Aging Program, Center for Translational Medicine, International Clinical Research Center, St. Anne’s University Hospital, Brno, Czechia
| | - Lucie Váchová
- Department of Psychology and Abnormal Psychology, Faculty of Education, Palacký University Olomouc, Olomouc, Czechia
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Balcerowska JM, Bereznowski P. The Generalized Problematic Internet Use Scale 2 in a Polish sample: psychometric validation and relationship with specific Internet-related disorders and psychosocial functioning. CURRENT ISSUES IN PERSONALITY PSYCHOLOGY 2022; 11:228-239. [PMID: 38014388 PMCID: PMC10654343 DOI: 10.5114/cipp/151869] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2021] [Revised: 03/15/2022] [Accepted: 07/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The present study aimed to adapt and psychometrically validate the Generalized Problematic Internet Use Scale 2 (GPIUS2) based on the cognitive-behavioral model of problematic Internet use. Furthermore, the study aimed to examine the relationship between problematic Internet use and other specific Internet-related disorders (i.e., social networking sites addiction, Facebook addiction, and problematic pornography use), as well as the relationships with indicators of poor psychosocial functioning. PARTICIPANTS AND PROCEDURE GPIUS2 was administered to 1155 young Internet users. Participants completed a survey assessing problematic Internet use, specific Internet related-disorders, and indicators of poor psychosocial functioning (anxious and avoidant attachment, social anxiety, and loneliness) via two measuring contexts (online and offline). RESULTS The results support a four-factor internal structure of the GPIUS2, similar to that initially proposed and the results of the previous studies. GPIUS2 demonstrated good reliability as well as scalar invariance across online and offline measured contexts. CONCLUSIONS Problematic Internet use is a multidimensional construct rather than a one-dimensional construct with strong but not overlapping positive relations with the other specific Internet-related disorders. Those relationships are especially strong among problematic activities related to the social context of Internet use. Furthermore, our findings prove the theoretical assumptions that psychosocial problems and poor social skills are related to problematic Internet use.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julia M. Balcerowska
- Faculty of Social Sciences, Institute of Psychology, University of Gdansk, Gdansk, Poland
| | - Piotr Bereznowski
- Faculty of Social Sciences, Institute of Psychology, University of Gdansk, Gdansk, Poland
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Gong Z, Lv Y, Jiao X, Liu J, Sun Y, Qu Q. The relationship between COVID-19-related restrictions and fear of missing out, problematic smartphone use, and mental health in college students: The moderated moderation effect of resilience and social support. Front Public Health 2022; 10:986498. [PMID: 36203674 PMCID: PMC9530251 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2022.986498] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2022] [Accepted: 08/25/2022] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
As one of the groups most affected by the epidemic, the mental health of college students during the epidemic is a focus of attention in multiple fields. Based on resource conservation theory, this study investigates the impact of COVID-19-related restrictions on college students' problematic smartphone use and mental health from two perspectives, students' individual factors and external environmental factors, and specifically explores the role of fear of missing out (FoMO), resilience and social support in this context. This study used a questionnaire method, and to control for common method bias, a multitemporal data collection strategy was used. The study used online questionnaire distribution, the final sample included 975 Chinese college students (497 males and 478 females), and of these, 10.3% were freshmen, 31.9% were sophomores, 31.6% were juniors, 12.3% were seniors, and 13.9% were postgraduates. The results of this study showed the following: (1) Perceived COVID-19-related strain was positively correlated with perceived FoMO, problematic smartphone use and mental health problems (depression, anxiety, stress) among college students. (2) FoMO partially mediated the relationship between perceived COVID-19-related restrictions and problematic smartphone use, and it fully mediated the relationship between perceived COVID-19-related restrictions and mental health problems. (3) Resilience and social support co-moderated the relationship between FoMO and problematic smartphone use or mental health problems (depression, anxiety, stress).
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhun Gong
- Normal College, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Yun Lv
- Normal College, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Xinian Jiao
- Normal College, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Jinhang Liu
- Normal College, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Yingjie Sun
- Normal College, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Qunzhen Qu
- School of Economics and Management, Shanghai Maritime University, Shanghai, China,*Correspondence: Qunzhen Qu
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Popescu AM, Balica RȘ, Lazăr E, Bușu VO, Vașcu JE. Smartphone addiction risk, technology-related behaviors and attitudes, and psychological well-being during the COVID-19 pandemic. Front Psychol 2022; 13:997253. [PMID: 36051208 PMCID: PMC9424853 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2022.997253] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2022] [Accepted: 07/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
COVID-19 pandemic-related perceived risk of infection, illness fears, acute stress, emotional anxiety, exhaustion, and fatigue, psychological trauma and depressive symptoms, and sustained psychological distress can cause smartphone addiction risk and lead to technology-related cognitive, emotional, and behavioral disorders, thus impacting psychological well-being. Behavioral addiction of smartphone users can result in anxiety symptom severity, psychiatric symptoms, and depressive stress. We carried out a quantitative literature review of the Web of Science, Scopus, and ProQuest throughout June 2022, with search terms including “smartphone addiction + COVID-19” + “stress,” “anxiety,” “depression,” “psychological distress,” “screen time,” and “fear.” As we analyzed only articles published between 2020 and 2022, 288 papers met the eligibility criteria. By excluding sources with similar titles, having unclear findings or unsupported by replication, or displaying inconsistent content, we selected 64, mainly empirical, sources. We used layout algorithms (VOSviewer) and bibliometric mapping (Dimensions) as data visualization tools. Assessing the Methodological Quality of Systematic Reviews (AMSTAR), a systematic review and literature review software (Distiller SR), Mixed Methods Appraisal Tool (MMAT), and Systematic Review Data Repository (SRDR) were employed as methodological quality assessment tools. As limitations, we analyzed only articles published between 2020 and 2022 in scholarly outlets indexed in the Web of Science, Scopus, and ProQuest databases. The scope of our study also does not advance the inspection of sources covering vulnerable individuals suffering from certain diseases or specific generations. Subsequent analyses should develop on smartphone use and addiction among children and adolescents. Future research should thus investigate problematic smartphone use and addiction across generations Z and Alpha. Attention should be directed to their personality traits and psychopathological symptoms.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Raluca-Ștefania Balica
- Department of Education and Communication Sciences, University of Craiova, Craiova, Romania
- *Correspondence: Raluca-Ștefania Balica,
| | - Emil Lazăr
- Department of Teaching Staff Training, University of Craiova, Craiova, Romania
| | - Valentin Oprea Bușu
- Department of Teaching Staff Training, University of Craiova, Craiova, Romania
| | - Janina-Elena Vașcu
- Department of Education Sciences, University of Bucharest, Bucharest, Romania
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12
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Akat M, Arslan C, Hamarta E. Dark Triad Personality and Phubbing: The Mediator Role of Fomo. Psychol Rep 2022:332941221109119. [PMID: 35713369 DOI: 10.1177/00332941221109119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Phubbing among undergraduate has become an area of increasing research interest in recent years. In recent years, studies on phubbing have increased. However, no empirical study has deal with the mediating effect of fear of missing out (FoMO) on the relationship between dark triad and phubbing. The dark triad refers to three personality traits: Machiavellianism, psychopathy, and narcissism. Machiavellianism is characterized by prioritizing one's own wishes and desires. Psychopathy, is a personality trait where lack of emotion and self-control is seen. Narcissism is characterized by low empathy and egocentrism. Thus, the purpose of this study was to examine whether FoMO mediator between dark triad and phubbing among undergraduates. For this purpose, structural equation modeling and bootstrapping method was used. Mediation analyses were performed using AMOS 22.00. The present study comprised 506 undergraduate (%70.7 female; %29.3 male). The age of the participants ranged between 18 and 29 (x = 22.41).The measures used included the General Scale of Phubbing, Fear of Missing Out Scale, and Dirty Dozen Scale. The results showed that FoMO mediated the relationship between dark triad and phubbing. The results of bootstrapping procedure indicated that the indirect effect of FoMO on the relationship between dark triad and phubbing was significant. In conclusion, the study suggests that FoMO is a meaningful mediator in the relationship between dark triad and phubbing. Research results are discussed in the light of the related literature and suggestions are presented for future researchers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammed Akat
- Department of Psychological Counseling and Guidance, 166263Karamanoglu Mehmetbey University, Karaman, Turkey
| | - Coşkun Arslan
- Department of Psychological Counseling and Guidance, 226846Necmettin Erbakan University, Konya, Turkey
| | - Erdal Hamarta
- Department of Psychological Counseling and Guidance, 226846Necmettin Erbakan University, Konya, Turkey
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Brailovskaia J, Margraf J. Addictive social media use during Covid-19 outbreak: Validation of the Bergen Social Media Addiction Scale (BSMAS) and investigation of protective factors in nine countries. CURRENT PSYCHOLOGY 2022:1-19. [PMID: 35615694 PMCID: PMC9122809 DOI: 10.1007/s12144-022-03182-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/02/2022] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Since the Covid-19 outbreak, addictive social media use increased in many countries. To better understand this development, a universal instrument for the assessment of addictive social media use is required. Against this background, we examined the psychometric properties of the Bergen Social Media Addiction Scale (BSMAS) in representative population samples in nine countries (N = 9418, age range: "18 to 24 years" (youngest group), "55 years and older" (oldest group): China, France, Germany, Poland, Russia, Spain, Sweden, U.K., U.S.). Furthermore, we investigated potential factors and mechanisms that could be associated with addictive social media use. Our cross-national findings show that the BSMAS is a unidimensional reliable and valid instrument. Moreover, they reveal that the negative association between positive mental health and addictive social media use is mediated by sense of control in seven of the nine countries (exception: China, Russia). Thus, it can be hypothesized that activities which increase positive mental health could indirectly contribute to the decrease of addictive social media use. We identified conscious engagement in physical activity and a regular sleep rhythm during the pandemic as such potential activities. The fostering of both by governmental programs could enhance positive mental health and reduce addictive social media use.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julia Brailovskaia
- Mental Health Research and Treatment Center, Department of Clinical Psychology and Psychotherapy, Ruhr-Universität Bochum, Massenbergstr. 9-13, 44787 Bochum, Germany
| | - Jürgen Margraf
- Mental Health Research and Treatment Center, Department of Clinical Psychology and Psychotherapy, Ruhr-Universität Bochum, Massenbergstr. 9-13, 44787 Bochum, Germany
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