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Liu C, Liu Q, Mou Z. Redox signaling and oxidative stress in systemic acquired resistance. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY 2024; 75:4535-4548. [PMID: 38693779 DOI: 10.1093/jxb/erae193] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2024] [Accepted: 04/28/2024] [Indexed: 05/03/2024]
Abstract
Plants fully depend on their immune systems to defend against pathogens. Upon pathogen attack, plants not only activate immune responses at the infection site but also trigger a defense mechanism known as systemic acquired resistance (SAR) in distal systemic tissues to prevent subsequent infections by a broad-spectrum of pathogens. SAR is induced by mobile signals produced at the infection site. Accumulating evidence suggests that reactive oxygen species (ROS) play a central role in SAR signaling. ROS burst at the infection site is one of the earliest cellular responses following pathogen infection and can spread to systemic tissues through membrane-associated NADPH oxidase-dependent relay production of ROS. It is well known that ROS ignite redox signaling and, when in excess, cause oxidative stress, damaging cellular components. In this review, we summarize current knowledge on redox regulation of several SAR signaling components. We discuss the ROS amplification loop in systemic tissues involving multiple SAR mobile signals. Moreover, we highlight the essential role of oxidative stress in generating SAR signals including azelaic acid and extracellular NAD(P) [eNAD(P)]. Finally, we propose that eNAD(P) is a damage-associated molecular pattern serving as a converging point of SAR mobile signals in systemic tissues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cheng Liu
- Department of Microbiology and Cell Science, University of Florida, PO Box 110700, Gainesville, FL 32611, USA
| | - Qingcai Liu
- Department of Microbiology and Cell Science, University of Florida, PO Box 110700, Gainesville, FL 32611, USA
| | - Zhonglin Mou
- Department of Microbiology and Cell Science, University of Florida, PO Box 110700, Gainesville, FL 32611, USA
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2
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Chan C, Liao YJ, Chiou SP. Stress induced factor 2 is a dual regulator for defense and seed germination in Arabidopsis. PLANT SCIENCE : AN INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL PLANT BIOLOGY 2024; 347:112200. [PMID: 39038707 DOI: 10.1016/j.plantsci.2024.112200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2024] [Revised: 06/12/2024] [Accepted: 07/19/2024] [Indexed: 07/24/2024]
Abstract
Receptor-like kinases (RLKs) constitute a diverse superfamily of proteins pivotal for various plant physiological processes, including responses to pathogens, hormone perception, growth, and development. Their ability to recognize conserved epitopes for general elicitors and specific pathogens marked significant advancements in plant pathology research. Emerging evidence suggests that RLKs and associated components also act as modulators in hormone signaling and cellular trafficking, showcasing their multifunctional roles in growth and development. Notably, STRESS INDUCED FACTOR 2 (SIF2) stands out as a representative with distinct expression patterns in different Arabidopsis organs. Our prior work highlighted the specific induction of SIF2 expression in guard cells, emphasizing its positive contribution to stomatal immunity. Expanding on these findings, our present study delves into the diverse functions of SIF2 expression in root tissues. Utilizing comprehensive physiology, molecular biology, protein biochemistry, and genetic analyses, we reveal that SIF2 modulates abscisic acid (ABA) signaling in Arabidopsis roots. SIF2 is epistatic with key regulators in the ABA signaling pathway, thereby governing the expression of genes crucial for dormancy release and, consequently, Arabidopsis seed germination. This study sheds light on the intricate roles of SIF2 as a multi-functional RLK, underscoring its organ-specific contributions to plant immunity, hormonal regulation, and seed germination.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ching Chan
- Department of Life Science, National Taiwan Normal University, Taipei 11677, Taiwan.
| | - Yi-Jun Liao
- Department of Life Science, National Taiwan Normal University, Taipei 11677, Taiwan
| | - Shian-Peng Chiou
- Department of Life Science, National Taiwan Normal University, Taipei 11677, Taiwan
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3
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Chien CC, Chang CH, Ting HM. A novel lectin receptor kinase gene, AtG-LecRK-I.2, enhances bacterial pathogen resistance through regulation of stomatal immunity in Arabidopsis. PLANT SCIENCE : AN INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL PLANT BIOLOGY 2024; 343:112071. [PMID: 38508495 DOI: 10.1016/j.plantsci.2024.112071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2024] [Revised: 02/24/2024] [Accepted: 03/17/2024] [Indexed: 03/22/2024]
Abstract
The S-locus lectin receptor kinases (G-LecRKs) have been suggested as receptors for microbe/damage-associated molecular patterns (MAMPs/DAMPs) and to be involved in the pathogen defense responses, but the functions of most G-LecRKs in biotic stress response have not been characterized. Here, we identified a member of this family, G-LecRK-I.2, that positively regulates flg22- and Pseudomonas syringae pv. tomato (Pst) DC3000-induced stomatal closure. G-LecRK-I.2 was rapidly phosphorylated under flg22 treatment and could interact with the FLS2/BAK1 complex. Two T-DNA insertion lines, glecrk-i.2-1 and glecrk-i.2-2, had lower levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and nitric oxide (NO) production in guard cells, as compared with the wild-type Col-0, under Pst DC3000 infection. Also, the immunity marker genes CBP60g and PR1 were induced at lower levels under Pst DC3000 hrcC- infection in glecrk-i.2-1 and glecrk-i.2-2. The GUS reporter system also revealed that G-LecRK-I.2 was expressed only in guard cells. We also found that G-LecRK-I.2 could interact H+-ATPase AHA1 to regulate H+-ATPase activity in the guard cells. Taken together, our results show that G-LecRK-I.2 plays an important role in regulating stomatal closure under flg22 and Pst DC3000 treatments and in ROS and NO signaling specifically in guard cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chih-Cheng Chien
- Institute of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan; Institute of Plant Biology, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan; Molecular and Biological Agricultural Sciences Program, Taiwan International Graduate Program, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan.
| | - Chuan-Hsin Chang
- Research Center for Chinese Herbal Medicine, Graduate Institute of Healthy Industry Technology, College of Human Ecology, Chang Gung University of Science and Technology, Taoyuan, Taiwan.
| | - Hieng-Ming Ting
- Institute of Plant Biology, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan.
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Singh D, Mathur S, Ranjan R. Pattern recognition receptors as potential therapeutic targets for developing immunological engineered plants. ADVANCES IN PROTEIN CHEMISTRY AND STRUCTURAL BIOLOGY 2024; 140:525-555. [PMID: 38762279 DOI: 10.1016/bs.apcsb.2024.02.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/20/2024]
Abstract
There is an urgent need to combat pathogen infestations in crop plants to ensure food security worldwide. To counter this, plants have developed innate immunity mediated by Pattern Recognition Receptors (PRRs) that recognize pathogen-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs) and damage- associated molecular patterns (DAMPs). PRRs activate Pattern-Triggered Immunity (PTI), a defence mechanism involving intricate cell-surface and intracellular receptors. The diverse ligand-binding ectodomains of PRRs, including leucine-rich repeats (LRRs) and lectin domains, facilitate the recognition of MAMPs and DAMPs. Pathogen resistance is mediated by a variety of PTI responses, including membrane depolarization, ROS production, and the induction of defence genes. An integral part of intracellular immunity is the Nucleotide-binding Oligomerization Domain, Leucine-rich Repeat proteins (NLRs) which recognize and respond to effectors in a potent manner. Enhanced understanding of PRRs, their ligands, and downstream signalling pathways has contributed to the identification of potential targets for genetically modified plants. By transferring PRRs across plant species, it is possible to create broad-spectrum resistance, potentially offering innovative solutions for plant protection and global food security. The purpose of this chapter is to provide an update on PRRs involved in disease resistance, clarify the mechanisms by which PRRs recognize ligands to form active receptor complexes and present various applications of PRRs and PTI in disease resistance management for plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Deeksha Singh
- Department of Botany, Faculty of Science, Dayalbagh Educational Institute, Dayalbagh, Agra-282005, India
| | - Shivangi Mathur
- Department of Botany, Faculty of Science, Dayalbagh Educational Institute, Dayalbagh, Agra-282005, India
| | - Rajiv Ranjan
- Department of Botany, Faculty of Science, Dayalbagh Educational Institute, Dayalbagh, Agra-282005, India.
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Yang S, Xue S, Shan L, Fan S, Sun L, Dong Y, Li S, Gao Y, Qi Y, Yang L, An M, Wang F, Pang J, Zhang W, Weng Y, Liu X, Ren H. The CsTM alters multicellular trichome morphology and enhances resistance against aphid by interacting with CsTIP1;1 in cucumber. J Adv Res 2024:S2090-1232(24)00151-6. [PMID: 38609051 DOI: 10.1016/j.jare.2024.04.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2024] [Revised: 04/09/2024] [Accepted: 04/09/2024] [Indexed: 04/14/2024] Open
Abstract
The multicellular trichomes of cucumber (Cucumis sativus L.) serve as the primary defense barrier against external factors, whose impact extends beyond plant growth and development to include commercial characteristics of fruits. The aphid (Aphis gossypii Glover) is one of prominent pests in cucumber cultivation. However, the relationship between physical properties of trichomes and the aphid resistance at molecular level remains largely unexplored. Here, a spontaneous mutant trichome morphology (tm) was characterized by increased susceptibility towards aphid. Further observations showed the tm exhibited a higher and narrower trichome base, which was significantly distinguishable from that in wild-type (WT). We conducted map-based cloning and identified the candidate, CsTM, encoding a C-lectin receptor-like kinase. The knockout mutant demonstrated the role of CsTM in trichome morphogenesis. The presence of SNP does not regulate the relative expression of CsTM, but diminishes the CsTM abundance of membrane proteins in tm. Interestingly, CsTM was found to interact with CsTIP1;1, which encodes an aquaporin with extensive reports in plant resistance and growth development. The subsequent aphid resistance experiments revealed that both CsTM and CsTIP1;1 regulated the development of trichomes and conferred resistance against aphid by affecting cytoplasmic H2O2 contents. Transcriptome analysis revealed a significant enrichment of genes associated with pathogenesis, calcium binding and cellulose synthase. Overall, our study elucidates an unidentified mechanism that CsTM-CsTIP1;1 alters multicellular trichome morphology and enhances resistance against aphid, thus providing a wholly new perspective for trichome morphogenesis in cucumber.
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Affiliation(s)
- Songlin Yang
- College of Horticulture, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, PR China
| | - Shudan Xue
- College of Horticulture, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, PR China
| | - Li Shan
- College of Horticulture, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, PR China
| | - Shanshan Fan
- College of Horticulture, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, PR China
| | - Lei Sun
- College of Horticulture, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, PR China
| | - Yuming Dong
- College of Horticulture, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, PR China
| | - Sen Li
- College of Horticulture, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, PR China
| | - Yiming Gao
- College of Horticulture, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, PR China
| | - Yu Qi
- College of Horticulture, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, PR China
| | - Lin Yang
- College of Horticulture, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, PR China
| | - Menghang An
- College of Horticulture, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, PR China
| | - Fang Wang
- College of Horticulture, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, PR China
| | - Jin'an Pang
- Tianjin Derit Seeds Co. Ltd, Tianjin 300384, PR China
| | - Wenzhu Zhang
- Tianjin Derit Seeds Co. Ltd, Tianjin 300384, PR China
| | - Yiqun Weng
- USDA‑ARS Vegetable Crops Research Unit, Horticulture Department, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, USA
| | - Xingwang Liu
- College of Horticulture, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, PR China.
| | - Huazhong Ren
- College of Horticulture, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, PR China.
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Zhang L, Zhu Q, Tan Y, Deng M, Zhang L, Cao Y, Guo X. Mitogen-activated protein kinases MPK3 and MPK6 phosphorylate receptor-like cytoplasmic kinase CDL1 to regulate soybean basal immunity. THE PLANT CELL 2024; 36:963-986. [PMID: 38301274 PMCID: PMC10980351 DOI: 10.1093/plcell/koae008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2023] [Accepted: 01/11/2024] [Indexed: 02/03/2024]
Abstract
Soybean cyst nematode (SCN; Heterodera glycines Ichinohe), one of the most devastating soybean (Glycine max) pathogens, causes significant yield loss in soybean production. Nematode infection triggers plant defense responses; however, the components involved in the upstream signaling cascade remain largely unknown. In this study, we established that a mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) signaling module, activated by nematode infection or wounding, is crucial for soybeans to establish SCN resistance. GmMPK3 and GmMPK6 directly interact with CDG1-LIKE1 (GmCDL1), a member of the receptor-like cytoplasmic kinase (RLCK) subfamily VII. These kinases phosphorylate GmCDL1 at Thr-372 to prevent its proteasome-mediated degradation. Functional analysis demonstrated that GmCDL1 positively regulates immune responses and promotes SCN resistance in soybeans. GmMPK3-mediated and GmMPK6-mediated phosphorylation of GmCDL1 enhances GmMPK3 and GmMPK6 activation and soybean disease resistance, representing a positive feedback mechanism. Additionally, 2 L-type lectin receptor kinases, GmLecRK02g and GmLecRK08g, associate with GmCDL1 to initiate downstream immune signaling. Notably, our study also unveils the potential involvement of GmLecRKs and GmCDL1 in countering other soybean pathogens beyond nematodes. Taken together, our findings reveal the pivotal role of the GmLecRKs-GmCDL1-MAPK regulatory module in triggering soybean basal immune responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Zhang
- National Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, College of Plant Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei 430070, China
| | - Qun Zhu
- National Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, College of Plant Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei 430070, China
| | - Yuanhua Tan
- National Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, College of Plant Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei 430070, China
| | - Miaomiao Deng
- National Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, College of Plant Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei 430070, China
| | - Lei Zhang
- Department of Botany and Plant Pathology, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA
| | - Yangrong Cao
- National Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei 430070, China
| | - Xiaoli Guo
- National Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, College of Plant Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei 430070, China
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Arnaud D, Deeks MJ, Smirnoff N. RBOHF activates stomatal immunity by modulating both reactive oxygen species and apoplastic pH dynamics in Arabidopsis. THE PLANT JOURNAL : FOR CELL AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2023; 116:404-415. [PMID: 37421599 PMCID: PMC10952706 DOI: 10.1111/tpj.16380] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2023] [Revised: 06/28/2023] [Accepted: 07/04/2023] [Indexed: 07/10/2023]
Abstract
Stomatal defences are important for plants to prevent pathogen entry and further colonisation of leaves. Apoplastic reactive oxygen species (ROS) generated by NADPH oxidases and apoplastic peroxidases play an important role in activating stomatal closure upon perception of bacteria. However, downstream events, particularly the factors influencing cytosolic hydrogen peroxide (H2 O2 ) signatures in guard cells are poorly understood. We used the H2 O2 sensor roGFP2-Orp1 and a ROS-specific fluorescein probe to study intracellular oxidative events during stomatal immune response using Arabidopsis mutants involved in the apoplastic ROS burst. Surprisingly, the NADPH oxidase mutant rbohF showed over-oxidation of roGFP2-Orp1 by a pathogen-associated molecular pattern (PAMP) in guard cells. However, stomatal closure was not tightly correlated with high roGFP2-Orp1 oxidation. In contrast, RBOHF was necessary for PAMP-mediated ROS production measured by a fluorescein-based probe in guard cells. Unlike previous reports, the rbohF mutant, but not rbohD, was impaired in PAMP-triggered stomatal closure resulting in defects in stomatal defences against bacteria. Interestingly, RBOHF also participated in PAMP-induced apoplastic alkalinisation. The rbohF mutants were also partly impaired in H2 O2 -mediated stomatal closure at 100 μm while higher H2 O2 concentration up to 1 mm did not promote stomatal closure in wild-type plants. Our results provide novel insights on the interplay between apoplastic and cytosolic ROS dynamics and highlight the importance of RBOHF in plant immunity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dominique Arnaud
- Biosciences, Faculty of Health and Life SciencesUniversity of ExeterExeterEX4 4QDUK
| | - Michael J. Deeks
- Biosciences, Faculty of Health and Life SciencesUniversity of ExeterExeterEX4 4QDUK
| | - Nicholas Smirnoff
- Biosciences, Faculty of Health and Life SciencesUniversity of ExeterExeterEX4 4QDUK
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8
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Ali S, Tyagi A, Bae H. ROS interplay between plant growth and stress biology: Challenges and future perspectives. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY : PPB 2023; 203:108032. [PMID: 37757722 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2023.108032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2023] [Revised: 09/05/2023] [Accepted: 09/10/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023]
Abstract
In plants, reactive oxygen species (ROS) have emerged as a multifunctional signaling molecules that modulate diverse stress and growth responses. Earlier studies on ROS in plants primarily focused on its toxicity and ROS-scavenging processes, but recent findings are offering new insights on its role in signal perception and transduction. Further, the interaction of cell wall receptors, calcium channels, HATPase, protein kinases, and hormones with NADPH oxidases (respiratory burst oxidase homologues (RBOHs), provides concrete evidence that ROS regulates major signaling cascades in different cellular compartments related to stress and growth responses. However, at the molecular level there are many knowledge gaps regarding how these players influence ROS signaling and how ROS regulate them during growth and stress events. Furthermore, little is known about how plant sensors or receptors detect ROS under various environmental stresses and induce subsequent signaling cascades. In light of this, we provided an update on the role of ROS signaling in plant growth and stress biology. First, we focused on ROS signaling, its production and regulation by cell wall receptor like kinases. Next, we discussed the interplay between ROS, calcium and hormones, which forms a major signaling trio regulatory network of signal perception and transduction. We also provided an overview on ROS and nitric oxide (NO) crosstalk. Furthermore, we emphasized the function of ROS signaling in biotic, abiotic and mechanical stresses, as well as in plant growth and development. Finally, we conclude by highlighting challenges and future perspectives of ROS signaling in plants that warrants future investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sajad Ali
- Department of Biotechnology, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan, Gyeongbuk, 38541, Republic of Korea.
| | - Anshika Tyagi
- Department of Biotechnology, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan, Gyeongbuk, 38541, Republic of Korea
| | - Hanhong Bae
- Department of Biotechnology, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan, Gyeongbuk, 38541, Republic of Korea.
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Gandhi A, Oelmüller R. Emerging Roles of Receptor-like Protein Kinases in Plant Response to Abiotic Stresses. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:14762. [PMID: 37834209 PMCID: PMC10573068 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241914762] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2023] [Revised: 09/26/2023] [Accepted: 09/27/2023] [Indexed: 10/15/2023] Open
Abstract
The productivity of plants is hindered by unfavorable conditions. To perceive stress signals and to transduce these signals to intracellular responses, plants rely on membrane-bound receptor-like kinases (RLKs). These play a pivotal role in signaling events governing growth, reproduction, hormone perception, and defense responses against biotic stresses; however, their involvement in abiotic stress responses is poorly documented. Plant RLKs harbor an N-terminal extracellular domain, a transmembrane domain, and a C-terminal intracellular kinase domain. The ectodomains of these RLKs are quite diverse, aiding their responses to various stimuli. We summarize here the sub-classes of RLKs based on their domain structure and discuss the available information on their specific role in abiotic stress adaptation. Furthermore, the current state of knowledge on RLKs and their significance in abiotic stress responses is highlighted in this review, shedding light on their role in influencing plant-environment interactions and opening up possibilities for novel approaches to engineer stress-tolerant crop varieties.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Ralf Oelmüller
- Matthias Schleiden Institute of Genetics, Bioinformatics and Molecular Botany, Department of Plant Physiology, Friedrich-Schiller-University, 07743 Jena, Germany;
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10
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Liu L, Liu J, Xu N. Ligand recognition and signal transduction by lectin receptor-like kinases in plant immunity. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2023; 14:1201805. [PMID: 37396638 PMCID: PMC10311507 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2023.1201805] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2023] [Accepted: 05/31/2023] [Indexed: 07/04/2023]
Abstract
Lectin receptor-like kinases (LecRKs) locate on the cell membrane and play diverse roles in perceiving environmental factors in higher plants. Studies have demonstrated that LecRKs are involved in plant development and response to abiotic and biotic stresses. In this review, we summarize the identified ligands of LecRKs in Arabidopsis, including extracellular purine (eATP), extracellular pyridine (eNAD+), extracellular NAD+ phosphate (eNADP+) and extracellular fatty acids (such as 3-hydroxydecanoic acid). We also discussed the posttranslational modification of these receptors in plant innate immunity and the perspectives of future research on plant LecRKs.
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Zhao L, Wang HJ, Martins PD, van Dongen JT, Bolger AM, Schmidt RR, Jing HC, Mueller-Roeber B, Schippers JHM. The Arabidopsis thaliana onset of leaf death 12 mutation in the lectin receptor kinase P2K2 results in an autoimmune phenotype. BMC PLANT BIOLOGY 2023; 23:294. [PMID: 37264342 DOI: 10.1186/s12870-023-04300-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2022] [Accepted: 05/20/2023] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Plant immunity relies on the perception of immunogenic signals by cell-surface and intracellular receptors and subsequent activation of defense responses like programmed cell death. Under certain circumstances, the fine-tuned innate immune system of plants results in the activation of autoimmune responses that cause constitutive defense responses and spontaneous cell death in the absence of pathogens. RESULTS Here, we characterized the onset of leaf death 12 (old12) mutant that was identified in the Arabidopsis accession Landsberg erecta. The old12 mutant is characterized by a growth defect, spontaneous cell death, plant-defense gene activation, and early senescence. In addition, the old12 phenotype is temperature reversible, thereby exhibiting all characteristics of an autoimmune mutant. Mapping the mutated locus revealed that the old12 phenotype is caused by a mutation in the Lectin Receptor Kinase P2-TYPE PURINERGIC RECEPTOR 2 (P2K2) gene. Interestingly, the P2K2 allele from Landsberg erecta is conserved among Brassicaceae. P2K2 has been implicated in pathogen tolerance and sensing extracellular ATP. The constitutive activation of defense responses in old12 results in improved resistance against Pseudomonas syringae pv. tomato DC3000. CONCLUSION We demonstrate that old12 is an auto-immune mutant and that allelic variation of P2K2 contributes to diversity in Arabidopsis immune responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liming Zhao
- Institute of Biochemistry and Biology, University of Potsdam, Karl-Liebknecht-Straße 24-25, Haus 20, 14476, Potsdam, Germany
- Max Planck Institute of Molecular Plant Physiology, 14476, Potsdam-Golm, Germany
- Beijng Academy, Beijing, 100028, China
| | - Hao-Jie Wang
- Department of Molecular Genetics, Leibniz Institute of Plant Genetics and Crop Plant Research (IPK) Gatersleben, 06466, Seeland, Germany
- Institute of Biology I, Rheinisch-Westfälische Technische Hochschule Aachen University, 52074, Aachen, Germany
| | - Patricia Dalcin Martins
- Institute of Biology I, Rheinisch-Westfälische Technische Hochschule Aachen University, 52074, Aachen, Germany
| | - Joost T van Dongen
- Institute of Biology I, Rheinisch-Westfälische Technische Hochschule Aachen University, 52074, Aachen, Germany
| | - Anthony M Bolger
- Institute of Biology I, Rheinisch-Westfälische Technische Hochschule Aachen University, 52074, Aachen, Germany
- IBG-4: Bioinformatik,Forschungszentrum Jülich, 52425, Jülich, Germany
| | - Romy R Schmidt
- Institute of Biology I, Rheinisch-Westfälische Technische Hochschule Aachen University, 52074, Aachen, Germany
- Plant Biotechnology Group, Faculty of Biology, Bielefeld University, Universitätsstrasse 25, 33615, Bielefeld, Germany
- Center for Biotechnology, Bielefeld University, Universitätsstrasse 25, 33615, Bielefeld, Germany
| | - Hai-Chun Jing
- Key Laboratory of Plant Resources, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100093, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Bernd Mueller-Roeber
- Institute of Biochemistry and Biology, University of Potsdam, Karl-Liebknecht-Straße 24-25, Haus 20, 14476, Potsdam, Germany
- Max Planck Institute of Molecular Plant Physiology, 14476, Potsdam-Golm, Germany
- Center of Plant Systems Biology and Biotechnology (CPSBB), Ruski 139 Blvd, Plovdiv, 4000, Bulgaria
| | - Jos H M Schippers
- Department of Molecular Genetics, Leibniz Institute of Plant Genetics and Crop Plant Research (IPK) Gatersleben, 06466, Seeland, Germany.
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Sun E, Yu H, Chen Z, Cai M, Mao X, Li Y, Zuo C. The enhanced Valsa canker resistance conferred by MdLecRK-S.4.3 in Pyrus betulifolia can be largely suppressed by PbePUB36. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY 2023:erad126. [PMID: 37013998 DOI: 10.1093/jxb/erad126] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2022] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
L-type lectin receptor-like kinases (L-LecRKs) act as a sensor of extracellular signals and an initiator for plant immune responses. However, the function of LecRK-S.4 on plant immunity has not been extensively investigated. At present, in the apple (Malus domestica) genome, we identified that MdLecRK-S.4.3, a homologous gene of LecRK-S.4, was differentially expressed during the occursion of Valsa canker. Over-expression of MdLecRK-S.4.3 facilitated the induction of immune response and enhanced the Valsa canker resistance of apple and pear fruit, and 'Duli-G03' (Pyrus betulifolia) suspension cells. On the contrary, the expression of PbePUB36, RLCK XI subfamily member, was significantly repressed in the MdLecRK-S.4.3 overexpressed cell lines. Over-expression of PbePUB36 interfered with the Valsa canker resistance and immune response caused by up-regulation of MdLecRK-S.4.3. Furthermore, MdLecRK-S.4.3 interacted with BAK1 or PbePUB36 in vivo. In conclusion, MdLecRK-S.4.3 activated various immune responses and positively regulate Valsa canker resistance, which could be largely compromised by PbePUB36. MdLecRK-S.4.3 interacted with PbePUB36 and/or MdBAK1 to mediate the immune responses. This finding provides a reference for studying the molecular mechanism of resistance to Valsa canker and resistance breeding.
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Affiliation(s)
- E Sun
- College of Horticulture, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, Gansu, 730070, China
| | - Hongqiang Yu
- College of Horticulture, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, Gansu, 730070, China
| | - Zhongjian Chen
- Agro-Biological Gene Research Center, Guangdong Academy of Agriculture, Guangzhou 510640, China
| | - Minrui Cai
- College of Horticulture, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, Gansu, 730070, China
| | - Xia Mao
- College of Horticulture, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, Gansu, 730070, China
| | - Yanyan Li
- College of Horticulture, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, Gansu, 730070, China
| | - Cunwu Zuo
- College of Horticulture, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, Gansu, 730070, China
- State Key Laboratory of Aridland Crop Science, Lanzhou 730070, China
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13
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Zheng X, Liu F, Yang X, Li W, Chen S, Yue X, Jia Q, Sun X. The MAX2-KAI2 module promotes salicylic acid-mediated immune responses in Arabidopsis. JOURNAL OF INTEGRATIVE PLANT BIOLOGY 2023. [PMID: 36738234 DOI: 10.1111/jipb.13463] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2022] [Accepted: 01/31/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Arabidopsis MORE AXILLARY GROWTH2 (MAX2) is a key component in the strigolactone (SL) and karrikin (KAR) signaling pathways and regulates the degradation of SUPPRESSOR OF MAX2 1/SMAX1-like (SMAX1/SMXL) proteins, which are transcriptional co-repressors that regulate plant architecture, as well as abiotic and biotic stress responses. The max2 mutation reduces resistance against Pseudomonas syringae pv. tomato (Pst). To uncover the mechanism of MAX2-mediated resistance, we evaluated the resistance of various SL and KAR signaling pathway mutants. The resistance of SL-deficient mutants and of dwarf 14 (d14) was similar to that of the wild-type, whereas the resistance of the karrikin insensitive 2 (kai2) mutant was compromised, demonstrating that the KAR signaling pathway, not the SL signaling pathway, positively regulates the immune response. We measured the resistance of smax1 and smxl mutants, as well as the double, triple, and quadruple mutants with max2, which revealed that both the smax1 mutant and smxl6/7/8 triple mutant rescue the low resistance phenotype of max2 and that SMAX1 accumulation diminishes resistance. The susceptibility of smax1D, containing a degradation-insensitive form of SMAX1, further confirmed the SMAX1 function in the resistance. The relationship between the accumulation of SMAX1/SMXLs and disease resistance suggested that the inhibitory activity of SMAX1 to resistance requires SMXL6/7/8. Moreover, the exogenous application of KAR2 enhanced resistance against Pst, but KAR-induced resistance depended on salicylic acid (SA) signaling. Inhibition of karrikin signaling delayed SA-mediated defense responses and inhibited pathogen-induced protein biosynthesis. Together, we propose that the MAX2-KAI2-SMAX1 complex regulates resistance with the assistance of SMXL6/7/8 and SA signaling and that SMAX1/SMXLs possibly form a multimeric complex with their target transcription factors to fine tune immune responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiujuan Zheng
- Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education for Genetics, Breeding and Multiple Utilization of Crops, College of Agriculture, Fujian Agriculture & Forestry University, Fuzhou, 350002, China
| | - Fangqian Liu
- Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education for Genetics, Breeding and Multiple Utilization of Crops, College of Agriculture, Fujian Agriculture & Forestry University, Fuzhou, 350002, China
| | - Xianfeng Yang
- Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education for Genetics, Breeding and Multiple Utilization of Crops, College of Agriculture, Fujian Agriculture & Forestry University, Fuzhou, 350002, China
| | - Weiqiang Li
- Jilin Da'an Agro-ecosystem National Observation Research Station, Key Laboratory of Mollisols Agroecology, Northeast Institute of Geography and Agroecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun, 130102, China
| | - Sique Chen
- Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education for Genetics, Breeding and Multiple Utilization of Crops, College of Agriculture, Fujian Agriculture & Forestry University, Fuzhou, 350002, China
| | - Xinwu Yue
- Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education for Genetics, Breeding and Multiple Utilization of Crops, College of Agriculture, Fujian Agriculture & Forestry University, Fuzhou, 350002, China
| | - Qi Jia
- Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education for Genetics, Breeding and Multiple Utilization of Crops, College of Agriculture, Fujian Agriculture & Forestry University, Fuzhou, 350002, China
| | - Xinli Sun
- Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education for Genetics, Breeding and Multiple Utilization of Crops, College of Agriculture, Fujian Agriculture & Forestry University, Fuzhou, 350002, China
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14
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Vuong UT, Iswanto ABB, Nguyen Q, Kang H, Lee J, Moon J, Kim SH. Engineering plant immune circuit: walking to the bright future with a novel toolbox. PLANT BIOTECHNOLOGY JOURNAL 2023; 21:17-45. [PMID: 36036862 PMCID: PMC9829404 DOI: 10.1111/pbi.13916] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2022] [Revised: 08/20/2022] [Accepted: 08/23/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Plant pathogens destroy crops and cause severe yield losses, leading to an insufficient food supply to sustain the human population. Apart from relying on natural plant immune systems to combat biological agents or waiting for the appropriate evolutionary steps to occur over time, researchers are currently seeking new breakthrough methods to boost disease resistance in plants through genetic engineering. Here, we summarize the past two decades of research in disease resistance engineering against an assortment of pathogens through modifying the plant immune components (internal and external) with several biotechnological techniques. We also discuss potential strategies and provide perspectives on engineering plant immune systems for enhanced pathogen resistance and plant fitness.
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Affiliation(s)
- Uyen Thi Vuong
- Division of Applied Life Science (BK21 Four Program), Plant Molecular Biology and Biotechnology Research CenterGyeongsang National UniversityJinjuRepublic of Korea
| | - Arya Bagus Boedi Iswanto
- Division of Applied Life Science (BK21 Four Program), Plant Molecular Biology and Biotechnology Research CenterGyeongsang National UniversityJinjuRepublic of Korea
| | - Quang‐Minh Nguyen
- Division of Applied Life Science (BK21 Four Program), Plant Molecular Biology and Biotechnology Research CenterGyeongsang National UniversityJinjuRepublic of Korea
| | - Hobin Kang
- Division of Applied Life Science (BK21 Four Program), Plant Molecular Biology and Biotechnology Research CenterGyeongsang National UniversityJinjuRepublic of Korea
| | - Jihyun Lee
- Division of Applied Life Science (BK21 Four Program), Plant Molecular Biology and Biotechnology Research CenterGyeongsang National UniversityJinjuRepublic of Korea
| | - Jiyun Moon
- Division of Applied Life Science (BK21 Four Program), Plant Molecular Biology and Biotechnology Research CenterGyeongsang National UniversityJinjuRepublic of Korea
| | - Sang Hee Kim
- Division of Applied Life Science (BK21 Four Program), Plant Molecular Biology and Biotechnology Research CenterGyeongsang National UniversityJinjuRepublic of Korea
- Division of Life ScienceGyeongsang National UniversityJinjuRepublic of Korea
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15
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Li B, Li Y, Qiu M, Dong H, Li X, Liu X, He C, Li L. OsSRK1, a lectin receptor-like kinase, controls plant height by mediating internode elongation in Oryza sativa L. MOLECULAR BREEDING : NEW STRATEGIES IN PLANT IMPROVEMENT 2022; 42:74. [PMID: 37313323 PMCID: PMC10248599 DOI: 10.1007/s11032-022-01340-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2022] [Accepted: 10/27/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
LecRLKs (lectin receptor-like kinases) is a subfamily of RLKs (receptor like kinase) and takes part in mounds of biological processes in plant-environment interaction. However, the roles of LecRLKs in plant development are still elusive. Here, we showed that OsSRK1, belonging to LecRLK family in rice, had a relative higher expression in internode and stem in comparison with that in root and leaf. Importantly, srk1-1 and srk1-2, two genome-edited mutants of OsSRK1 using CRISPR/Cas9 system, exhibited obviously a decreased plant height and shorter length of the first internode and second internode compared with those in WT. Subsequently, histochemical sectioning showed that the stem diameter and the cell length in stem are significantly reduced in srk1-1 and srk1-2 compared with WT. Moreover, analyzing the expression of four gibberellin biosynthesis related genes showed that CPS, KAO, KS1, and GA3ox2 expression had similar levels between WT and mutants. Importantly, we further verified that OsSRK1 can directly interact with gibberellin receptor GID1. Together, our results revealed that LecRLKs family member OsSRK1 positively regulated plant height by controlling internode elongation which maybe depended on OsSRK1-GID1 interaction mediated gibberellin signaling transduction. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s11032-022-01340-6.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bin Li
- State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing and Chemometrics, College of Biology, and Hunan Province Key Laboratory of Plant Functional Genomics and Developmental Regulation, Hunan University, Changsha, 410082 People’s Republic of China
| | - Yixing Li
- State Key Laboratory of Hybrid Rice, Hunan Hybrid Rice Research Center, Hunan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changsha, People’s Republic of China
| | - Mudan Qiu
- State Key Laboratory of Hybrid Rice, Hunan Hybrid Rice Research Center, Hunan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changsha, People’s Republic of China
| | - Hao Dong
- State Key Laboratory of Hybrid Rice, Hunan Hybrid Rice Research Center, Hunan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changsha, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xiushan Li
- State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing and Chemometrics, College of Biology, and Hunan Province Key Laboratory of Plant Functional Genomics and Developmental Regulation, Hunan University, Changsha, 410082 People’s Republic of China
| | - Xuanming Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing and Chemometrics, College of Biology, and Hunan Province Key Laboratory of Plant Functional Genomics and Developmental Regulation, Hunan University, Changsha, 410082 People’s Republic of China
| | - Chongsheng He
- State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing and Chemometrics, College of Biology, and Hunan Province Key Laboratory of Plant Functional Genomics and Developmental Regulation, Hunan University, Changsha, 410082 People’s Republic of China
| | - Li Li
- State Key Laboratory of Hybrid Rice, Hunan Hybrid Rice Research Center, Hunan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changsha, People’s Republic of China
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16
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De Coninck T, Van Damme EJ. Plant lectins: Handymen at the cell surface. Cell Surf 2022; 8:100091. [PMID: 36465479 PMCID: PMC9713479 DOI: 10.1016/j.tcsw.2022.100091] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2022] [Revised: 11/25/2022] [Accepted: 11/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Lectins are carbohydrate-binding proteins and are involved in a multitude of biological functions. Lectins at the surface of plant cells often occur as lectin receptor-like kinases (LecRLK) anchored to the plasma membrane. These LecRLKs are part of the plant's pattern-recognition receptor (PRR) system enabling the plant to perceive threats and respond adequately. Furthermore, plant lectins also occur as secreted proteins, which are associated with stress signalling and defence. The aim of this short review is to provide a general perspective on plant lectins and their role at the cell surface.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tibo De Coninck
- Laboratory for Glycobiology & Biochemistry, Department of Biotechnology, Proeftuinstraat 86, 9000 Ghent, Belgium
| | - Els J.M. Van Damme
- Laboratory for Glycobiology & Biochemistry, Department of Biotechnology, Proeftuinstraat 86, 9000 Ghent, Belgium
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17
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An D, Song L, Li Y, Shen L, Miao P, Wang Y, Liu D, Jiang L, Wang F, Yang J. Comprehensive analysis of lysine lactylation in Frankliniella occidentalis. Front Genet 2022; 13:1014225. [PMID: 36386791 PMCID: PMC9663987 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2022.1014225] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2022] [Accepted: 10/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Western flower thrips (Frankliniella occidentalis) are among the most important pests globally that transmit destructive plant viruses and infest multiple commercial crops. Lysine lactylation (Klac) is a recently discovered novel post-translational modification (PTM). We used liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry to identify the global lactylated proteome of F. occidentalis, and further enriched the identified lactylated proteins using Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) and Gene Ontology (GO). In the present study, we identified 1,458 Klac sites in 469 proteins from F. occidentalis. Bioinformatics analysis showed that Klac was widely distributed in F. occidentalis proteins, and these Klac modified proteins participated in multiple biological processes. GO and KEGG enrichment analysis revealed that Klac proteins were significantly enriched in multiple cellular compartments and metabolic pathways, such as the ribosome and carbon metabolism pathways. Two Klac proteins were found to be involved in the regulation of the TSWV (Tomato spotted wilt virus) transmission in F. occidentalis. This study provides a systematic report and a rich dataset of lactylation in F. occidentalis proteome for potential studies on the Klac protein of this notorious pest.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dong An
- Key Laboratory of Tobacco Pest Monitoring, Controlling and Integrated Management, Tobacco Research Institute of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Qingdao, China
| | - Liyun Song
- Key Laboratory of Tobacco Pest Monitoring, Controlling and Integrated Management, Tobacco Research Institute of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Qingdao, China
| | - Ying Li
- Key Laboratory of Tobacco Pest Monitoring, Controlling and Integrated Management, Tobacco Research Institute of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Qingdao, China
| | - Lili Shen
- Key Laboratory of Tobacco Pest Monitoring, Controlling and Integrated Management, Tobacco Research Institute of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Qingdao, China
| | - Pu Miao
- Luoyang City Company of Henan Province Tobacco Company, Luoyang, China
| | - Yujie Wang
- Luoyang City Company of Henan Province Tobacco Company, Luoyang, China
| | - Dongyang Liu
- Liangshan State Company of Sichuan Province Tobacco Company, Mile, China
| | - Lianqiang Jiang
- Liangshan State Company of Sichuan Province Tobacco Company, Mile, China
| | - Fenglong Wang
- Key Laboratory of Tobacco Pest Monitoring, Controlling and Integrated Management, Tobacco Research Institute of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Qingdao, China
- *Correspondence: Fenglong Wang, ; Jinguang Yang,
| | - Jinguang Yang
- Key Laboratory of Tobacco Pest Monitoring, Controlling and Integrated Management, Tobacco Research Institute of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Qingdao, China
- *Correspondence: Fenglong Wang, ; Jinguang Yang,
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18
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Sun Q, Xu Z, Huang W, Li D, Zeng Q, Chen L, Li B, Zhang E. Integrated metabolome and transcriptome analysis reveals salicylic acid and flavonoid pathways' key roles in cabbage's defense responses to Xanthomonas campestris pv. campestris. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2022; 13:1005764. [PMID: 36388482 PMCID: PMC9659849 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.1005764] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2022] [Accepted: 10/12/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Xanthomonas campestris pv. campestris (Xcc) is a vascular bacteria pathogen causing black rot in cabbage. Here, the resistance mechanisms of cabbage against Xcc infection were explored by integrated metabolome and transcriptome analysis. Pathogen perception, hormone metabolisms, sugar metabolisms, and phenylpropanoid metabolisms in cabbage were systemically re-programmed at both transcriptional and metabolic levels after Xcc infection. Notably, the salicylic acid (SA) metabolism pathway was highly enriched in resistant lines following Xcc infection, indicating that the SA metabolism pathway may positively regulate the resistance of Xcc. Moreover, we also validated our hypothesis by showing that the flavonoid pathway metabolites chlorogenic acid and caffeic acid could effectively inhibit the growth of Xcc. These findings provide valuable insights and resource datasets for further exploring Xcc-cabbage interactions and help uncover molecular breeding targets for black rot-resistant varieties in cabbage.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Baohua Li
- *Correspondence: Baohua Li, ; Enhui Zhang,
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19
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Uddin S, Bae D, Cha JY, Ahn G, Kim WY, Kim MG. Coronatine Induces Stomatal Reopening by Inhibiting Hormone Signaling Pathways. JOURNAL OF PLANT BIOLOGY 2022; 65:403-411. [DOI: 10.1007/s12374-022-09362-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2022] [Revised: 07/13/2022] [Accepted: 07/17/2022] [Indexed: 08/28/2023]
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20
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Zuo R, Xie M, Gao F, Liu J, Tang M, Cheng X, Liu Y, Bai Z, Liu S. Genome-wide identification and functional exploration of the legume lectin genes in Brassica napus and their roles in Sclerotinia disease resistance. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2022; 13:963263. [PMID: 35968144 PMCID: PMC9374194 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.963263] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2022] [Accepted: 06/28/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
As one of the largest classes of lectins, legume lectins have a variety of desirable features such as antibacterial and insecticidal activities as well as anti-abiotic stress ability. The Sclerotinia disease (SD) caused by the soil-borne fungus Sclerotinia sclerotiorum is a devastating disease affecting most oil crops such as Brassica napus. Here, we identified 130 legume lectin (LegLu) genes in B. napus, which could be phylogenetically classified into seven clusters. The BnLegLu gene family has been significantly expanded since the whole-genome duplication (WGD) or segmental duplication. Gene structure and conserved motif analysis suggested that the BnLegLu genes were well conserved in each cluster. Moreover, relative to those genes only containing the legume lectin domain in cluster VI-VII, the genes in cluster I-V harbored a transmembrane domain and a kinase domain linked to the legume lectin domain in the C terminus. The expression of most BnLegLu genes was relatively low in various tissues. Thirty-five BnLegLu genes were responsive to abiotic stress, and 40 BnLegLu genes were strongly induced by S. sclerotiorum, with a most significant up-regulation of 715-fold, indicating their functional roles in SD resistance. Four BnLegLu genes were located in the candidate regions of genome-wide association analysis (GWAS) results which resulted from a worldwide rapeseed population consisting of 324 accessions associated with SD. Among them, the positive role of BnLegLus-16 in SD resistance was validated by transient expression in tobacco leaves. This study provides important information on BnLegLu genes, particularly about their roles in SD resistance, which may help targeted functional research and genetic improvement in the breeding of B. napus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rong Zuo
- The Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Oil Crops, The Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs of PRC, Oil Crops Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Wuhan, China
| | - Meili Xie
- The Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Oil Crops, The Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs of PRC, Oil Crops Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Wuhan, China
| | - Feng Gao
- The Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Oil Crops, The Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs of PRC, Oil Crops Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Wuhan, China
| | - Jie Liu
- The Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Oil Crops, The Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs of PRC, Oil Crops Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Wuhan, China
| | | | - Xiaohui Cheng
- The Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Oil Crops, The Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs of PRC, Oil Crops Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Wuhan, China
| | - Yueying Liu
- The Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Oil Crops, The Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs of PRC, Oil Crops Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Wuhan, China
| | - Zetao Bai
- The Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Oil Crops, The Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs of PRC, Oil Crops Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Wuhan, China
| | - Shengyi Liu
- The Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Oil Crops, The Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs of PRC, Oil Crops Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Wuhan, China
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21
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Song Z, Zhang C, Jin P, Tetteh C, Dong X, Luo S, Zhang S, Li X, Liu Y, Zhang H. The cell-type specific role of Arabidopsis bZIP59 transcription factor in plant immunity. PLANT, CELL & ENVIRONMENT 2022; 45:1843-1861. [PMID: 35199374 DOI: 10.1111/pce.14299] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2021] [Revised: 01/21/2022] [Accepted: 02/08/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Stomatal movement participates in plant immunity by directly affecting the invasion of bacteria, but the genes that regulate stomatal immunity have not been well identified. Here, we characterised the function of the bZIP59 transcription factor from Arabidopsis thaliana, which is constitutively expressed in guard cells. The bzip59 mutant is partially impaired in stomatal closure induced by Pseudomonas syringae pv. tomato strain (Pst) DC3000 and is more susceptible to Pst DC3000 infection. By contrast, the line overexpressing bZIP59 enhances resistance to Pst DC3000 infection. Furthermore, the bzip59 mutant is also partially impaired in stomatal closure induced by flagellin flg22 derived from Pst DC3000, and epistasis analysis revealed that bZIP59 acts upstream of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and nitric oxide (NO) and downstream of salicylic acid signalling in flg22-induced stomatal closure. In addition, the bzip59 mutant showed resistance and sensitivity to Sclerotinia sclerotiorum and Tobacco mosaic virus that do not invade through stomata, respectively. Collectively, our results demonstrate that bZIP59 plays an important role in the stomatal immunity and reveal that the same transcription factor can positively and negatively regulate disease resistance against different pathogens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhiqiang Song
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Crop Integrated Pest Management, Department of Plant Pathology, School of Plant Protection, College of Plant Protection, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, China
| | - Cheng Zhang
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Crop Integrated Pest Management, Department of Plant Pathology, School of Plant Protection, College of Plant Protection, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, China
| | - Pinyuan Jin
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Crop Integrated Pest Management, Department of Plant Pathology, School of Plant Protection, College of Plant Protection, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, China
| | - Charles Tetteh
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Crop Integrated Pest Management, Department of Plant Pathology, School of Plant Protection, College of Plant Protection, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, China
| | - Xueshuo Dong
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Crop Integrated Pest Management, Department of Plant Pathology, School of Plant Protection, College of Plant Protection, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, China
| | - Sheng Luo
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Crop Integrated Pest Management, Department of Plant Pathology, School of Plant Protection, College of Plant Protection, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, China
| | - Siyi Zhang
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Crop Integrated Pest Management, Department of Plant Pathology, School of Plant Protection, College of Plant Protection, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, China
| | - Xinyuan Li
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Crop Integrated Pest Management, Department of Plant Pathology, School of Plant Protection, College of Plant Protection, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, China
| | - Yingjun Liu
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Crop Integrated Pest Management, Department of Plant Pathology, School of Plant Protection, College of Plant Protection, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, China
| | - Huajian Zhang
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Crop Integrated Pest Management, Department of Plant Pathology, School of Plant Protection, College of Plant Protection, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, China
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22
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Li Y, Jiao C, Wei Z, Chai S, Jia H, Gao M, Allison J, Li Z, Song CB, Wang X. Analysis of Grapevine's Somatic Embryogenesis Receptor Kinase (SERK) Gene Family: VqSERK3/BAK1 Overexpression Enhances Disease Resistance. PHYTOPATHOLOGY 2022; 112:1081-1092. [PMID: 34698542 DOI: 10.1094/phyto-04-21-0136-r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
The somatic embryogenesis receptor kinase (SERK) gene family has been intensively studied in several plant species. Here we confirmed the existence of five SERK genes in grapevine (Chinese wild grapevine Vitis quinquangularis) and named them VqSERK1, VqSERK2, VqSERK3, VqSERK4, and VqSERK5. Analysis of the predicted structures of these SERK proteins revealed they include a signal peptide domain, a leucine zipper domain, a Ser-Pro-Pro domain, a single transmembrane domain, different leucine-rich repeats, and an intracellular kinase activity domain. The SERK genes of grapevine showed different gene expression patterns when treated with powdery mildew (Erysiphe necator) and hormones (salicylic acid, jasmonic acid, abscisic acid, and ethylene). Subcellular localization assays confirmed that VqSERK family proteins localized to the cell membrane. Moreover, we cloned the SERK3/BAK1 gene from the Chinese wild grapevine V. quinquangularis clone 'Shang-24'. Heterologous VqSERK3/BAK1 expression in the Arabidopsis bak1-4 mutant lines restored control of cell death, increased resistance to powdery mildew, and strengthened stomatal immunity. Our work may provide the foundation for further studies of SERK genes for pathogen resistance and hormone treatment in grapevine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yajuan Li
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology in Arid Areas, College of Horticulture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
- Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Biology and Germplasm Innovation in Northwest China, Ministry of Agriculture, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
| | - Chen Jiao
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology in Arid Areas, College of Horticulture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology of Crop Pathogens and Insects, Institute of Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Zhenjiang Wei
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology in Arid Areas, College of Horticulture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
- Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Biology and Germplasm Innovation in Northwest China, Ministry of Agriculture, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
| | - Shengyue Chai
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology in Arid Areas, College of Horticulture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
- Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Biology and Germplasm Innovation in Northwest China, Ministry of Agriculture, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
| | - Hui Jia
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology in Arid Areas, College of Horticulture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
- Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Biology and Germplasm Innovation in Northwest China, Ministry of Agriculture, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
| | - Min Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology in Arid Areas, College of Horticulture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
- Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Biology and Germplasm Innovation in Northwest China, Ministry of Agriculture, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
| | - Jessica Allison
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Maryland, Baltimore County, Baltimore, MD 21250, U.S.A
| | - Zhi Li
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology in Arid Areas, College of Horticulture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
- Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Biology and Germplasm Innovation in Northwest China, Ministry of Agriculture, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
| | - Chang-Bing Song
- College of Biological Science and Engineering, North Minzu University, Yinchuan 750021, P.R. China
| | - Xiping Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology in Arid Areas, College of Horticulture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
- Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Biology and Germplasm Innovation in Northwest China, Ministry of Agriculture, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
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Bassetti N, Caarls L, Bukovinszkine'Kiss G, El-Soda M, van Veen J, Bouwmeester K, Zwaan BJ, Schranz ME, Bonnema G, Fatouros NE. Genetic analysis reveals three novel QTLs underpinning a butterfly egg-induced hypersensitive response-like cell death in Brassica rapa. BMC PLANT BIOLOGY 2022; 22:140. [PMID: 35331150 PMCID: PMC8944062 DOI: 10.1186/s12870-022-03522-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2021] [Accepted: 03/08/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cabbage white butterflies (Pieris spp.) can be severe pests of Brassica crops such as Chinese cabbage, Pak choi (Brassica rapa) or cabbages (B. oleracea). Eggs of Pieris spp. can induce a hypersensitive response-like (HR-like) cell death which reduces egg survival in the wild black mustard (B. nigra). Unravelling the genetic basis of this egg-killing trait in Brassica crops could improve crop resistance to herbivory, reducing major crop losses and pesticides use. Here we investigated the genetic architecture of a HR-like cell death induced by P. brassicae eggs in B. rapa. RESULTS A germplasm screening of 56 B. rapa accessions, representing the genetic and geographical diversity of a B. rapa core collection, showed phenotypic variation for cell death. An image-based phenotyping protocol was developed to accurately measure size of HR-like cell death and was then used to identify two accessions that consistently showed weak (R-o-18) or strong cell death response (L58). Screening of 160 RILs derived from these two accessions resulted in three novel QTLs for Pieris brassicae-induced cell death on chromosomes A02 (Pbc1), A03 (Pbc2), and A06 (Pbc3). The three QTLs Pbc1-3 contain cell surface receptors, intracellular receptors and other genes involved in plant immunity processes, such as ROS accumulation and cell death formation. Synteny analysis with A. thaliana suggested that Pbc1 and Pbc2 are novel QTLs associated with this trait, while Pbc3 also contains an ortholog of LecRK-I.1, a gene of A. thaliana previously associated with cell death induced by a P. brassicae egg extract. CONCLUSIONS This study provides the first genomic regions associated with the Pieris egg-induced HR-like cell death in a Brassica crop species. It is a step closer towards unravelling the genetic basis of an egg-killing crop resistance trait, paving the way for breeders to further fine-map and validate candidate genes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Niccolò Bassetti
- Biosystematics Group, Wageningen University & Research, Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Lotte Caarls
- Biosystematics Group, Wageningen University & Research, Wageningen, The Netherlands
- Laboratory of Plant Breeding, Wageningen University & Research, Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Gabriella Bukovinszkine'Kiss
- Biosystematics Group, Wageningen University & Research, Wageningen, The Netherlands
- Laboratory of Genetics, Wageningen University & Research, Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Mohamed El-Soda
- Department of Genetics, Faculty of Agriculture, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt
| | - Jeroen van Veen
- Biosystematics Group, Wageningen University & Research, Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Klaas Bouwmeester
- Biosystematics Group, Wageningen University & Research, Wageningen, The Netherlands
- Laboratory of Entomology, Wageningen University & Research, Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Bas J Zwaan
- Laboratory of Genetics, Wageningen University & Research, Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - M Eric Schranz
- Biosystematics Group, Wageningen University & Research, Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Guusje Bonnema
- Laboratory of Plant Breeding, Wageningen University & Research, Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Nina E Fatouros
- Biosystematics Group, Wageningen University & Research, Wageningen, The Netherlands.
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Guo L, Qi Y, Mu Y, Zhou J, Lu W, Tian Z. Potato StLecRK-IV.1 negatively regulates late blight resistance by affecting the stability of a positive regulator StTET8. HORTICULTURE RESEARCH 2022; 9:uhac010. [PMID: 35147183 PMCID: PMC9016858 DOI: 10.1093/hr/uhac010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2021] [Accepted: 12/12/2021] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
Plant receptor-like kinases (RLKs) regulate many processes in plants. Many RLKs perform significant roles in plant immunity. Lectin receptor-like kinases (LecRLKs) are a large family of RLKs. However, the function of most of LecRLKs is poorly understood. In this study, we show that a potato LecRLK, StLecRK-IV.1, is involved in plant immunity against Phytophthora infestans. As a negative regulator of immunity, StLecRK-IV.1 is down-regulated by P. infestans and activated by abscisic acid (ABA). The transient expression of StLecRK-IV.1 in Nicotiana benthamiana enhanced P. infestans leaf colonization significantly. In contrast, the disease lesion size caused by P. infestans was reduced in Virus-induced gene silencing (VIGS) of StLecRK-IV.1 orthologue in N. benthamiana, NbLecRK-IV.1, as well as in potato plants with stable RNA interference of StLecRK-IV.1. Tetraspanin-8 (StTET8) was identified to be interacting with StLecRK-IV.1 using a membrane yeast-2-hybrid system, which was further verified by co-immunoprecipitation, a luciferase complementation assay, and a bimolecular fluorescence complementary (BiFC) test. StTET8 is a positive immune regulator that restrains P. infestans infection. The co-expression of StLecRK-IV.1 with StTET8 antagonized the positive roles of StTET8 against P. infestans. Moreover, the co-expression of StTET8 with StLecRK-IV.1 affected the stability of StTET8, which was confirmed by a Western blot assay and confocal assay. Taken together, our work firstly revealed that a potato L-type Lectin RLK, StLecRK-IV.1, negatively regulates plant immunity by targeting a positive regulator, StTET8, through affecting its stability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Guo
- College of Agronomy, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, China
- Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Biology (HZAU), Ministry of Education, Huazhong Agricultural University (HZAU),Wuhan, 430070, China
- Key Laboratory of Potato Biology and Biotechnology (HZAU), Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Huazhong Agricultural University,Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Yetong Qi
- Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Biology (HZAU), Ministry of Education, Huazhong Agricultural University (HZAU),Wuhan, 430070, China
- Key Laboratory of Potato Biology and Biotechnology (HZAU), Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Huazhong Agricultural University,Wuhan, 430070, China
- Potato Engineering and Technology Research Center
of Hubei Province, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Yang Mu
- Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Biology (HZAU), Ministry of Education, Huazhong Agricultural University (HZAU),Wuhan, 430070, China
- Key Laboratory of Potato Biology and Biotechnology (HZAU), Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Huazhong Agricultural University,Wuhan, 430070, China
- Potato Engineering and Technology Research Center
of Hubei Province, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Jing Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Biology (HZAU), Ministry of Education, Huazhong Agricultural University (HZAU),Wuhan, 430070, China
- Key Laboratory of Potato Biology and Biotechnology (HZAU), Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Huazhong Agricultural University,Wuhan, 430070, China
- Potato Engineering and Technology Research Center
of Hubei Province, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Wenhe Lu
- College of Agronomy, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, China
| | - Zhendong Tian
- Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Biology (HZAU), Ministry of Education, Huazhong Agricultural University (HZAU),Wuhan, 430070, China
- Key Laboratory of Potato Biology and Biotechnology (HZAU), Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Huazhong Agricultural University,Wuhan, 430070, China
- Potato Engineering and Technology Research Center
of Hubei Province, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
- Hubei Hongshan Laboratory. Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
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25
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Zhang Y, Fang Q, Zheng J, Li Z, Li Y, Feng Y, Han Y, Li Y. GmLecRlk, a Lectin Receptor-like Protein Kinase, Contributes to Salt Stress Tolerance by Regulating Salt-Responsive Genes in Soybean. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:1030. [PMID: 35162952 PMCID: PMC8835537 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23031030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2021] [Revised: 01/13/2022] [Accepted: 01/14/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr.] is an important oil crop that provides valuable resources for human consumption, animal feed, and biofuel. Through the transcriptome analysis in our previous study, GmLecRlk (Glyma.07G005700) was identified as a salt-responsive candidate gene in soybean. In this study, qRT-PCR analysis showed that the GmLecRlk gene expression level was significantly induced by salt stress and highly expressed in soybean roots. The pCAMBIA3300-GmLecRlk construct was generated and introduced into the soybean genome by Agrobacterium rhizogenes. Compared with the wild type (WT), GmLecRlk overexpressing (GmLecRlk-ox) soybean lines had significantly enhanced fresh weight, proline (Pro) content, and catalase (CAT) activity, and reduced malondialdehyde (MDA) and H2O2 content under salt stress. These results show that GmLecRlk gene enhanced ROS scavenging ability in response to salt stress in soybean. Meanwhile, we demonstrated that GmLecRlk gene also conferred soybean salt tolerance when it was overexpressed alone in soybean hairy root. Furthermore, the combination of RNA-seq and qRT-PCR analysis was used to determine that GmLecRlk improves the salt tolerance of soybean by upregulating GmERF3, GmbHLH30, and GmDREB2 and downregulating GmGH3.6, GmPUB8, and GmLAMP1. Our research reveals a new mechanism of salt resistance in soybean, which exposes a novel avenue for the cultivation of salt-resistant varieties.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Yingpeng Han
- Key Laboratory of Soybean Biology of Ministry of Education China, Key Laboratory of Soybean Biology and Breeding (Genetics) of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China; (Y.Z.); (Q.F.); (J.Z.); (Z.L.); (Y.L.); (Y.F.)
| | - Yongguang Li
- Key Laboratory of Soybean Biology of Ministry of Education China, Key Laboratory of Soybean Biology and Breeding (Genetics) of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China; (Y.Z.); (Q.F.); (J.Z.); (Z.L.); (Y.L.); (Y.F.)
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26
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Battache M, Lebrun MH, Sakai K, Soudière O, Cambon F, Langin T, Saintenac C. Blocked at the Stomatal Gate, a Key Step of Wheat Stb16q-Mediated Resistance to Zymoseptoria tritici. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2022; 13:921074. [PMID: 35832231 PMCID: PMC9271956 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.921074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2022] [Accepted: 06/03/2022] [Indexed: 05/11/2023]
Abstract
Septoria tritici blotch (STB), caused by the fungus Zymoseptoria tritici, is among the most threatening wheat diseases in Europe. Genetic resistance remains one of the main environmentally sustainable strategies to efficiently control STB. However, the molecular and physiological mechanisms underlying resistance are still unknown, limiting the implementation of knowledge-driven management strategies. Among the 22 known major resistance genes (Stb), the recently cloned Stb16q gene encodes a cysteine-rich receptor-like kinase conferring a full broad-spectrum resistance against Z. tritici. Here, we showed that an avirulent Z. tritici inoculated on Stb16q quasi near isogenic lines (NILs) either by infiltration into leaf tissues or by brush inoculation of wounded tissues partially bypasses Stb16q-mediated resistance. To understand this bypass, we monitored the infection of GFP-labeled avirulent and virulent isolates on Stb16q NILs, from germination to pycnidia formation. This quantitative cytological analysis revealed that 95% of the penetration attempts were unsuccessful in the Stb16q incompatible interaction, while almost all succeeded in compatible interactions. Infectious hyphae resulting from the few successful penetration events in the Stb16q incompatible interaction were arrested in the sub-stomatal cavity of the primary-infected stomata. These results indicate that Stb16q-mediated resistance mainly blocks the avirulent isolate during its stomatal penetration into wheat tissue. Analyses of stomatal aperture of the Stb16q NILs during infection revealed that Stb16q triggers a temporary stomatal closure in response to an avirulent isolate. Finally, we showed that infiltrating avirulent isolates into leaves of the Stb6 and Stb9 NILs also partially bypasses resistances, suggesting that arrest during stomatal penetration might be a common major mechanism for Stb-mediated resistances.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mélissa Battache
- Université Clermont Auvergne, INRAE, GDEC, Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Marc-Henri Lebrun
- Université Paris-Saclay, INRAE, UR BIOGER, Thiverval-Grignon, France
| | - Kaori Sakai
- Université Paris-Saclay, INRAE, UR BIOGER, Thiverval-Grignon, France
| | - Olivier Soudière
- Université Clermont Auvergne, INRAE, GDEC, Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Florence Cambon
- Université Clermont Auvergne, INRAE, GDEC, Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Thierry Langin
- Université Clermont Auvergne, INRAE, GDEC, Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Cyrille Saintenac
- Université Clermont Auvergne, INRAE, GDEC, Clermont-Ferrand, France
- *Correspondence: Cyrille Saintenac,
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27
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Feitosa-Araujo E, da Fonseca-Pereira P, Knorr LS, Schwarzländer M, Nunes-Nesi A. NAD meets ABA: connecting cellular metabolism and hormone signaling. TRENDS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2022; 27:16-28. [PMID: 34426070 DOI: 10.1016/j.tplants.2021.07.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2021] [Revised: 07/04/2021] [Accepted: 07/21/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
NAD is a ubiquitous metabolic coenzyme. Although the role of NAD as a central redox shuttle remains of critical interest in plant metabolism, recent evidence indicates that NAD serves additional functions in signaling and regulation. A link with the plant stress hormone abscisic acid (ABA) has emerged on the basis of similar plant phenotypes following interference with NAD or ABA, especially in stomatal development, stomatal movements, responses to pathogens and abiotic stress insults, and seed germination. The association between NAD and ABA regulation appears specific and cannot be accounted for by pleiotropic interference. Here, we review the current picture of the NAD - ABA relationship, discuss emerging candidate mechanisms, and assess avenues to dissect interaction mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elias Feitosa-Araujo
- Institute of Plant Biology and Biotechnology, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, 48143 Münster, Germany.
| | - Paula da Fonseca-Pereira
- Departamento de Biologia Vegetal, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, 36570-900, Viçosa, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Lena S Knorr
- Institute of Plant Biology and Biotechnology, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, 48143 Münster, Germany
| | - Markus Schwarzländer
- Institute of Plant Biology and Biotechnology, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, 48143 Münster, Germany
| | - Adriano Nunes-Nesi
- Departamento de Biologia Vegetal, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, 36570-900, Viçosa, Minas Gerais, Brazil
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28
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Wang Z, Gou X. The First Line of Defense: Receptor-like Protein Kinase-Mediated Stomatal Immunity. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 23:ijms23010343. [PMID: 35008769 PMCID: PMC8745683 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23010343] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2021] [Revised: 12/20/2021] [Accepted: 12/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Stomata regulate gas and water exchange between the plant and external atmosphere, which are vital for photosynthesis and transpiration. Stomata are also the natural entrance for pathogens invading into the apoplast. Therefore, stomata play an important role in plants against pathogens. The pattern recognition receptors (PRRs) locate in guard cells to perceive pathogen/microbe-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs) and trigger a series of plant innate immune responses, including rapid closure of stomata to limit bacterial invasion, which is termed stomatal immunity. Many PRRs involved in stomatal immunity are plasma membrane-located receptor-like protein kinases (RLKs). This review focuses on the current research progress of RLK-mediated signaling pathways involved in stomatal immunity, and discusses questions that need to be addressed in future research.
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29
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Shaw RK, Shen Y, Wang J, Sheng X, Zhao Z, Yu H, Gu H. Advances in Multi-Omics Approaches for Molecular Breeding of Black Rot Resistance in Brassica oleracea L. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2021; 12:742553. [PMID: 34938304 PMCID: PMC8687090 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2021.742553] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2021] [Accepted: 10/20/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Brassica oleracea is one of the most important species of the Brassicaceae family encompassing several economically important vegetables produced and consumed worldwide. But its sustainability is challenged by a range of pathogens, among which black rot, caused by Xanthomonas campestris pv. campestris (Xcc), is the most serious and destructive seed borne bacterial disease, causing huge yield losses. Host-plant resistance could act as the most effective and efficient solution to curb black rot disease for sustainable production of B. oleracea. Recently, 'omics' technologies have emerged as promising tools to understand the host-pathogen interactions, thereby gaining a deeper insight into the resistance mechanisms. In this review, we have summarized the recent achievements made in the emerging omics technologies to tackle the black rot challenge in B. oleracea. With an integrated approach of the omics technologies such as genomics, proteomics, transcriptomics, and metabolomics, it would allow better understanding of the complex molecular mechanisms underlying black rot resistance. Due to the availability of sequencing data, genomics and transcriptomics have progressed as expected for black rot resistance, however, other omics approaches like proteomics and metabolomics are lagging behind, necessitating a holistic and targeted approach to address the complex questions of Xcc-Brassica interactions. Genomic studies revealed that the black rot resistance is a complex trait and is mostly controlled by quantitative trait locus (QTL) with minor effects. Transcriptomic analysis divulged the genes related to photosynthesis, glucosinolate biosynthesis and catabolism, phenylpropanoid biosynthesis pathway, ROS scavenging, calcium signalling, hormonal synthesis and signalling pathway are being differentially expressed upon Xcc infection. Comparative proteomic analysis in relation to susceptible and/or resistance interactions with Xcc identified the involvement of proteins related to photosynthesis, protein biosynthesis, processing and degradation, energy metabolism, innate immunity, redox homeostasis, and defence response and signalling pathways in Xcc-Brassica interaction. Specifically, most of the studies focused on the regulation of the photosynthesis-related proteins as a resistance response in both early and later stages of infection. Metabolomic studies suggested that glucosinolates (GSLs), especially aliphatic and indolic GSLs, its subsequent hydrolysis products, and defensive metabolites synthesized by jasmonic acid (JA)-mediated phenylpropanoid biosynthesis pathway are involved in disease resistance mechanisms against Xcc in Brassica species. Multi-omics analysis showed that JA signalling pathway is regulating resistance against hemibiotrophic pathogen like Xcc. So, the bonhomie between omics technologies and plant breeding is going to trigger major breakthroughs in the field of crop improvement by developing superior cultivars with broad-spectrum resistance. If multi-omics tools are implemented at the right scale, we may be able to achieve the maximum benefits from the minimum. In this review, we have also discussed the challenges, future prospects, and the way forward in the application of omics technologies to accelerate the breeding of B. oleracea for disease resistance. A deeper insight about the current knowledge on omics can offer promising results in the breeding of high-quality disease-resistant crops.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Honghui Gu
- Institute of Vegetables, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou, China
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30
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Golisz A, Krzyszton M, Stepien M, Dolata J, Piotrowska J, Szweykowska-Kulinska Z, Jarmolowski A, Kufel J. Arabidopsi s Spliceosome Factor SmD3 Modulates Immunity to Pseudomonas syringae Infection. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2021; 12:765003. [PMID: 34925413 PMCID: PMC8678131 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2021.765003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2021] [Accepted: 11/11/2021] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
SmD3 is a core component of the small nuclear ribonucleoprotein (snRNP) that is essential for pre-mRNA splicing. The role of Arabidopsis SmD3 in plant immunity was assessed by testing sensitivity of smd3a and smd3b mutants to Pseudomonas syringae pv. tomato (Pst) DC3000 infection and its pathogenesis effectors flagellin (flg22), EF-Tu (elf18) and coronatine (COR). Both smd3 mutants exhibited enhanced susceptibility to Pst accompanied by marked changes in the expression of key pathogenesis markers. mRNA levels of major biotic stress response factors were also altered upon treatment with Pseudomonas effectors. Our genome-wide transcriptome analysis of the smd3b-1 mutant infected with Pst, verified by northern and RT-qPCR, showed that lack of SmD3-b protein deregulates defense against Pst infection at the transcriptional and posttranscriptional levels including defects in splicing and an altered pattern of alternative splicing. Importantly, we show that SmD3-b dysfunction impairs mainly stomatal immunity as a result of defects in stomatal development. We propose that it is the malfunction of the stomata that is the primary cause of an altered mutant response to the pathogen. Other changes in the smd3b-1 mutant involved enhanced elf18- and flg22-induced callose deposition, reduction of flg22-triggered production of early ROS and boost of secondary ROS caused by Pst infection. Together, our data indicate that SmD3 contributes to the plant immune response possibly via regulation of mRNA splicing of key pathogenesis factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Golisz
- Faculty of Biology, Institute of Genetics and Biotechnology, University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Michal Krzyszton
- Faculty of Biology, Institute of Genetics and Biotechnology, University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Monika Stepien
- Faculty of Biology, Institute of Genetics and Biotechnology, University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Jakub Dolata
- Department of Gene Expression, Faculty of Biology, Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, Adam Mickiewicz University, Poznań, Poland
| | - Justyna Piotrowska
- Faculty of Biology, Institute of Genetics and Biotechnology, University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Zofia Szweykowska-Kulinska
- Department of Gene Expression, Faculty of Biology, Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, Adam Mickiewicz University, Poznań, Poland
| | - Artur Jarmolowski
- Department of Gene Expression, Faculty of Biology, Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, Adam Mickiewicz University, Poznań, Poland
| | - Joanna Kufel
- Faculty of Biology, Institute of Genetics and Biotechnology, University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland
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31
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De Coninck T, Van Damme EJM. Review: The multiple roles of plant lectins. PLANT SCIENCE : AN INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL PLANT BIOLOGY 2021; 313:111096. [PMID: 34763880 DOI: 10.1016/j.plantsci.2021.111096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2021] [Revised: 10/14/2021] [Accepted: 10/18/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
For decades, the biological roles of plant lectins remained obscure and subject to speculation. With the advent of technological and scientific progress, researchers have compiled a vast amount of information regarding the structure, biological activities and functionality of hundreds of plant lectins. Data mining of genomes and transcriptome sequencing and high-throughput analyses have resulted in new insights. This review aims to provide an overview of what is presently known about plant lectins, highlighting their versatility and the importance of plant lectins for a multitude of biological processes, such as plant development, immunity, stress signaling and regulation of gene expression. Though lectins primarily act as readers of the glycocode, the multiple roles of plant lectins suggest that their functionality goes beyond carbohydrate-recognition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tibo De Coninck
- Laboratory of Glycobiology & Biochemistry, Dept. of Biotechnology, Ghent University, Coupure Links 653, 9000 Ghent, Belgium.
| | - Els J M Van Damme
- Laboratory of Glycobiology & Biochemistry, Dept. of Biotechnology, Ghent University, Coupure Links 653, 9000 Ghent, Belgium.
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32
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Zeng M, Wan B, Wang L, Chen Z, Lin Y, Ye W, Wang Y, Wang Y. Identification and characterization of L-type lectin receptor-like kinases involved in Glycine max-Phytophthora sojae interaction. PLANTA 2021; 254:128. [PMID: 34812941 DOI: 10.1007/s00425-021-03789-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2021] [Accepted: 11/15/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
MAIN CONCLUSION Soybean contains a group of 64 L-type lectin receptor-like kinases. Three LecRKs were involved in the interactions with Phytophthora sojae and Bradyrhizobium diazoefficiens. L-type lectin receptor-like kinases (LecRKs) comprise an important class of membrane-localized receptor-like kinases that are involved in plant adaptation. In this study, we performed an inventory analysis of LecRKs in Glycine max (soybean). In total, 64 GmLecRKs containing the canonical LecRK feature were identified. Phylogenetic analysis revealed that 48 GmLecRKs have close orthologs in Arabidopsis or Solanum lycopersicum, while 16 are likely present only in the leguminous plant species. Transcriptome analyses revealed that expressions of multiple GmLecRK genes are either induced or suppressed during infection by the soybean root rot pathogen Phytophthora sojae. In addition, overexpression of the three LecRKs (Glyma.17G085000, Glyma.05G041300 or Glyma.17G224600) in the soybean hairy roots enhanced resistance to P. sojae. Upon inoculation with Bradyrhizobium diazoefficiens, overexpression of Glyma.17G085000 in the soybean hairy roots does not significantly influence the nodulation, while overexpression of Glyma.05G041300 or Glyma.17G224600 slightly reduced the number and dry weight of nodules. This study highlights the importance of LecRKs in regulating plant-microbe interactions and provides new knowledge on the deployment of LecRKs to increase resistance in soybean.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengzhu Zeng
- Department of Plant Pathology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
- The Key Laboratory of Plant Immunity, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Bowen Wan
- Department of Plant Pathology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
- The Key Laboratory of Plant Immunity, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Lei Wang
- Department of Plant Pathology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
- The Key Laboratory of Plant Immunity, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Zhiyuan Chen
- Department of Plant Pathology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
- The Key Laboratory of Plant Immunity, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yachun Lin
- Department of Plant Pathology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
- The Key Laboratory of Plant Immunity, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Wenwu Ye
- Department of Plant Pathology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
- The Key Laboratory of Plant Immunity, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
- The Key Laboratory of Integrated Management of Crop Diseases and Pests (Ministry of Education), Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yan Wang
- Department of Plant Pathology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China.
- The Key Laboratory of Plant Immunity, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China.
- The Key Laboratory of Integrated Management of Crop Diseases and Pests (Ministry of Education), Nanjing, Jiangsu, China.
| | - Yuanchao Wang
- Department of Plant Pathology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
- The Key Laboratory of Plant Immunity, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
- The Key Laboratory of Integrated Management of Crop Diseases and Pests (Ministry of Education), Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
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Zhang Y, Chen B, Sun Z, Liu Z, Cui Y, Ke H, Wang Z, Wu L, Zhang G, Wang G, Li Z, Yang J, Wu J, Shi R, Liu S, Wang X, Ma Z. A large-scale genomic association analysis identifies a fragment in Dt11 chromosome conferring cotton Verticillium wilt resistance. PLANT BIOTECHNOLOGY JOURNAL 2021; 19:2126-2138. [PMID: 34160879 PMCID: PMC8486238 DOI: 10.1111/pbi.13650] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2020] [Revised: 06/01/2021] [Accepted: 06/14/2021] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
Verticillium wilt (VW) is a destructive disease that results in great losses in cotton yield and quality. Identifying genetic variation that enhances crop disease resistance is a primary objective in plant breeding. Here we reported a GWAS of cotton VW resistance in a natural-variation population, challenged by different pathogenicity stains and different environments, and found 382 SNPs significantly associated with VW resistance. The associated signal repeatedly peaked in chromosome Dt11 (68 798 494-69 212 808) containing 13 core elite alleles undescribed previously. The core SNPs can make the disease reaction type from susceptible to tolerant or resistant in accessions with alternate genotype compared to reference genotype. Of the genes associated with the Dt11 signal, 25 genes differentially expressed upon Verticillium dahliae stress, with 21 genes verified in VW resistance via gene knockdown and/or overexpression experiments. We firstly discovered that a gene cluster of L-type lectin-domain containing receptor kinase (GhLecRKs-V.9) played an important role in VW resistance. These results proved that the associated Dt11 region was a major genetic locus responsible for VW resistance. The frequency of the core elite alleles (FEA) in modern varieties was significantly higher than the early/middle varieties (12.55% vs 4.29%), indicating that the FEA increased during artificial selection breeding. The current developmental resistant cultivars, JND23 and JND24, had fixed these core elite alleles during breeding without yield penalty. These findings unprecedentedly provided genomic variations and promising alleles for promoting cotton VW resistance improvement.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of North China Crop Improvement and RegulationKey Laboratory for Crop Germplasm Resources of HebeiHebei Agricultural UniversityBaodingChina
| | - Bin Chen
- State Key Laboratory of North China Crop Improvement and RegulationKey Laboratory for Crop Germplasm Resources of HebeiHebei Agricultural UniversityBaodingChina
| | - Zhengwen Sun
- State Key Laboratory of North China Crop Improvement and RegulationKey Laboratory for Crop Germplasm Resources of HebeiHebei Agricultural UniversityBaodingChina
| | - Zhengwen Liu
- State Key Laboratory of North China Crop Improvement and RegulationKey Laboratory for Crop Germplasm Resources of HebeiHebei Agricultural UniversityBaodingChina
| | - Yanru Cui
- State Key Laboratory of North China Crop Improvement and RegulationKey Laboratory for Crop Germplasm Resources of HebeiHebei Agricultural UniversityBaodingChina
| | - Huifeng Ke
- State Key Laboratory of North China Crop Improvement and RegulationKey Laboratory for Crop Germplasm Resources of HebeiHebei Agricultural UniversityBaodingChina
| | - Zhicheng Wang
- State Key Laboratory of North China Crop Improvement and RegulationKey Laboratory for Crop Germplasm Resources of HebeiHebei Agricultural UniversityBaodingChina
| | - Liqiang Wu
- State Key Laboratory of North China Crop Improvement and RegulationKey Laboratory for Crop Germplasm Resources of HebeiHebei Agricultural UniversityBaodingChina
| | - Guiyin Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of North China Crop Improvement and RegulationKey Laboratory for Crop Germplasm Resources of HebeiHebei Agricultural UniversityBaodingChina
| | - Guoning Wang
- State Key Laboratory of North China Crop Improvement and RegulationKey Laboratory for Crop Germplasm Resources of HebeiHebei Agricultural UniversityBaodingChina
| | - Zhikun Li
- State Key Laboratory of North China Crop Improvement and RegulationKey Laboratory for Crop Germplasm Resources of HebeiHebei Agricultural UniversityBaodingChina
| | - Jun Yang
- State Key Laboratory of North China Crop Improvement and RegulationKey Laboratory for Crop Germplasm Resources of HebeiHebei Agricultural UniversityBaodingChina
| | - Jinhua Wu
- State Key Laboratory of North China Crop Improvement and RegulationKey Laboratory for Crop Germplasm Resources of HebeiHebei Agricultural UniversityBaodingChina
| | - Rongkang Shi
- State Key Laboratory of North China Crop Improvement and RegulationKey Laboratory for Crop Germplasm Resources of HebeiHebei Agricultural UniversityBaodingChina
| | - Song Liu
- State Key Laboratory of North China Crop Improvement and RegulationKey Laboratory for Crop Germplasm Resources of HebeiHebei Agricultural UniversityBaodingChina
| | - Xingfen Wang
- State Key Laboratory of North China Crop Improvement and RegulationKey Laboratory for Crop Germplasm Resources of HebeiHebei Agricultural UniversityBaodingChina
| | - Zhiying Ma
- State Key Laboratory of North China Crop Improvement and RegulationKey Laboratory for Crop Germplasm Resources of HebeiHebei Agricultural UniversityBaodingChina
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Han H, Mu X, Wang P, Wang Z, Fu H, Gao YG, Du J. Identification of LecRLK gene family in Cerasus humilis through genomic-transcriptomic data mining and expression analyses. PLoS One 2021; 16:e0254535. [PMID: 34252163 PMCID: PMC8274838 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0254535] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2021] [Accepted: 06/29/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Lectin receptor-like protein kinases (LecRLKs) have been shown to be involved in plants’ responses to various biotic and abiotic stresse factors. Cerasus humilis is an important fruit species widely planted for soil and water conservation in northern China due to its strong tolerance to drought and salinity stresses. In this study, a total of 170 LecRLK family genes (125 G-types, 43 L-types and 2 C-types) were identified in the newly released whole-genome sequences of C. humilis. Furthermore, nine representative LecRLK genes in young plants of C. humilis under varying drought and salinity stresses were selected for qRT-PCR analysis. Our systematic comparative analyses revealed the active participation of these nine LecRLK genes in the salt and drought stress responses of C. humilis. The results from our study have provided a solid foundation for future functional verification of these LecRLK family genes and will likely help facilitate the more rapid and effective development of new stress resistant Cerasus humilis cultivars.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongyan Han
- College of Horticulture, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taigu, Shanxi, P. R. China
- Department of Biological Science and Technology, Jinzhong University, Jinzhong, Yuci, Shanxi, P. R. China
| | - Xiaopeng Mu
- College of Horticulture, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taigu, Shanxi, P. R. China
| | - Pengfei Wang
- College of Horticulture, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taigu, Shanxi, P. R. China
| | - Zewen Wang
- College of Horticulture, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taigu, Shanxi, P. R. China
| | - Hongbo Fu
- College of Horticulture, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taigu, Shanxi, P. R. China
| | - Yu Gary Gao
- OSU South Centers, The Ohio State University, Piketon, Ohio, United States of America
- Department of Extension, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, United States of America
| | - Junjie Du
- College of Horticulture, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taigu, Shanxi, P. R. China
- Shanxi Key Laboratory of Germplasm Improvement and Utilization in Pomology, Taigu, Shanxi, P. R. China
- * E-mail:
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Xiang Q, Lott AA, Assmann SM, Chen S. Advances and perspectives in the metabolomics of stomatal movement and the disease triangle. PLANT SCIENCE : AN INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL PLANT BIOLOGY 2021; 302:110697. [PMID: 33288010 DOI: 10.1016/j.plantsci.2020.110697] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2020] [Revised: 09/26/2020] [Accepted: 09/28/2020] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Crops are continuously exposed to microbial pathogens that cause tremendous yield losses worldwide. Stomatal pores formed by pairs of specialized guard cells in the leaf epidermis represent a major route of pathogen entry. Guard cells have an essential role as a first line of defense against pathogens. Metabolomics is an indispensable systems biology tool that has facilitated discovery and functional studies of metabolites that regulate stomatal movement in response to pathogens and other environmental factors. Guard cells, pathogens and environmental factors constitute the "stomatal disease triangle". The aim of this review is to highlight recent advances toward understanding the stomatal disease triangle in the context of newly discovered signaling molecules, hormone crosstalk, and consequent molecular changes that integrate pathogens and environmental sensing into stomatal immune responses. Future perspectives on emerging single-cell studies, multiomics and molecular imaging in the context of stomatal defense are discussed. Advances in this important area of plant biology will inform rational crop engineering and breeding for enhanced stomatal defense without disruption of other pathways that impact crop yield.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qingyuan Xiang
- Department of Biology, University of Florida Genetics Institute, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Aneirin A Lott
- Department of Biology, University of Florida Genetics Institute, Gainesville, FL, USA; Plant Molecular and Cellular Biology Program, University of Florida, FL, USA
| | - Sarah M Assmann
- Department of Biology, Pennsylvania State University, State College, PA, USA
| | - Sixue Chen
- Department of Biology, University of Florida Genetics Institute, Gainesville, FL, USA; Plant Molecular and Cellular Biology Program, University of Florida, FL, USA; Proteomics and Mass Spectrometry Facility, University of Florida, FL, USA.
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36
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Berg JA, Hermans FWK, Beenders F, Lou L, Vriezen WH, Visser RGF, Bai Y, Schouten HJ. Analysis of QTL DM4.1 for Downy Mildew Resistance in Cucumber Reveals Multiple subQTL: A Novel RLK as Candidate Gene for the Most Important subQTL. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2020; 11:569876. [PMID: 33193500 PMCID: PMC7649820 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2020.569876] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2020] [Accepted: 09/28/2020] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
One of the biggest problems in cucumber cultivation is cucurbit downy mildew (DM), caused by the obligate biotroph Pseudoperonospora cubensis. Whereas DM in cucumber was previously efficiently controlled by the dm-1 gene from Indian cucumber accession PI 197087, this resistance was broken by new DM strains, prompting the search for novel sources of resistance. A promising source of resistance is the wild cucumber accession PI 197088. It was previously shown that DM resistance in this genotype inherits polygenically. In this paper, we put the focus on one of the QTL, DM4.1 that is located on chromosome 4. QTL DM4.1 was shown to consist of three subQTL: DM4.1.1 affected pathogen-induced necrosis, DM4.1.2 was shown to have an additive effect on sporulation, and DM4.1.3 had a recessive effect on chlorosis as well as an effect on sporulation. Near-isogenic lines (NILs) were produced by introgressing the subQTLs into a susceptible cucumber line (HS279) with good horticultural traits. Transcriptomic analysis revealed that many genes in general, and defense pathway genes in particular, were differentially expressed in NIL DM4.1.1/.2 compared to NIL DM4.1.3 and the susceptible parent HS279. This indicates that the resistance from subQTL DM4.1.1 and/or subQTL DM4.1.2 likely involves defense signaling pathways, whereas resistance due to subQTL DM4.1.3 is more likely to be independent of known defense pathways. Based on fine-mapping data, we identified the RLK gene CsLRK10L2 as a likely candidate for subQTL DM4.1.2, as this gene was found to have a loss-of-function mutation in the susceptible parent HS279, and was strongly upregulated by P. cubensis inoculation in NIL DM4.1.1/.2. Heterologous expression of this gene triggered necrosis, providing further evidence that this gene is indeed causal for subQTL DM4.1.2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeroen A. Berg
- Plant Breeding, Wageningen University & Research, Wageningen, Netherlands
| | | | | | - Lina Lou
- Plant Breeding, Wageningen University & Research, Wageningen, Netherlands
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Horticultural Crop Genetic Improvement, Institute of Vegetable Crops, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing, China
| | | | | | - Yuling Bai
- Plant Breeding, Wageningen University & Research, Wageningen, Netherlands
| | - Henk J. Schouten
- Plant Breeding, Wageningen University & Research, Wageningen, Netherlands
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37
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Pang Q, Zhang T, Zhang A, Lin C, Kong W, Chen S. Proteomics and phosphoproteomics revealed molecular networks of stomatal immune responses. PLANTA 2020; 252:66. [PMID: 32979085 DOI: 10.1007/s00425-020-03474-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2020] [Accepted: 09/15/2020] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Dynamic protein and phosphoprotein profiles uncovered the overall regulation of stomata movement against pathogen invasion and phosphorylation states of proteins involved in ABA, SA, calcium and ROS signaling, which may modulate the stomatal immune response. Stomatal openings represent a major route of pathogen entry into the plant, and plants have evolved mechanisms to regulate stomatal aperture as innate immune response against bacterial invasion. However, the mechanisms underlying stomatal immunity are not fully understood. Taking advantage of high-throughput liquid chromatography mass spectrometry (LC-MS), we performed label-free proteomic and phosphoproteomic analyses of enriched guard cells in response to a bacterial pathogen Pseudomonas syringae pv. tomato (Pst) DC3000. In total, 495 proteins and 1229 phosphoproteins were identified as differentially regulated. These proteins are involved in a variety of signaling pathways, including abscisic acid and salicylic acid hormone signaling, calcium and reactive oxygen species signaling. We also showed that dynamic changes of phosphoprotein WRKY transcription factors may play a crucial role in regulating stomata movement in plant immunity. The identified proteins/phosphoproteins and the pathways form interactive molecular networks to regulate stomatal immunity. This study has provided new insights into the multifaceted mechanisms of stomatal immunity. The differential proteins and phosphoproteins are potential targets for engineering or breeding of crops for enhanced pathogen defense.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiuying Pang
- Key Laboratory of Saline-Alkali Vegetation Ecology Restoration, Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, China
| | - Tong Zhang
- Department of Biology, Genetics Institute, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Aiqin Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Saline-Alkali Vegetation Ecology Restoration, Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, China
| | - Chuwei Lin
- Department of Biology, Genetics Institute, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Wenwen Kong
- Department of Biology, Genetics Institute, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Sixue Chen
- Department of Biology, Genetics Institute, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA.
- Plant Molecular and Cellular Biology Program, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA.
- Proteomics and Mass Spectrometry, Interdisciplinary Center for Biotechnology Research, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA.
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38
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Saripalli G, Singh K, Gautam T, Kumar S, Raghuvanshi S, Prasad P, Jain N, Sharma PK, Balyan HS, Gupta PK. Genome-wide analysis of H3K4me3 and H3K27me3 modifications due to Lr28 for leaf rust resistance in bread wheat (Triticum aestivum). PLANT MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2020; 104:113-136. [PMID: 32627097 DOI: 10.1007/s11103-020-01029-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2019] [Accepted: 06/26/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Present study revealed a complex relationship among histone H3 methylation (examined using H3K4/K27me3 marks), cytosine DNA methylation and differential gene expression during Lr28 mediated leaf rust resistance in wheat. During the present study, genome-wide histone modifications were examined in a pair of near isogenic lines (NILs) (with and without Lr28 in the background of cv. HD2329). The two histone marks used included H3K4me3 (an activation mark) and H3K27me3 (a repression mark). The results were compared with levels of expression (using RNA-seq) and DNA methylation (MeDIP) data obtained using the same pair of NILs. Some of the salient features of the present study include the following: (i) large scale differential binding sites (DBS) were available for only H3K4me3 in the susceptible cultivar, but for both H3K4me3 and H3K27me3 in its resistant NIL; (ii) DBSs for H3K27me3 mark were more abundant (> 80%) in intergenic regions, whereas DBSs for H3K4me3 were distributed in all genomic regions including exons, introns, intergenic, TTS (transcription termination sites) and promoters; (iii) fourteen (14) genes associated with DBSs showed co-localization for both the marks; (iv) only a small fraction (7% for H3K4me3 and 12% for H3K27me3) of genes associated with DBSs matched with the levels of gene expression inferred from RNA-seq data; (v) validation studies using qRT-PCR were conducted on 26 selected representative genes; results for only 11 genes could be validated. The proteins encoded by important genes involved in promoting infection included domains generally carried by R gene proteins such as Mlo like protein, protein kinases and purple acid phosphatase. Similarly, proteins encoded by genes involved in resistance included those carrying domains for lectin kinase, R gene, aspartyl protease, etc. Overall, the results suggest a very complex network of downstream genes that are expressed during compatible and incompatible interactions; some of the genes identified during the present study may be used in future validation studies involving RNAi/overexpression approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gautam Saripalli
- Department of Genetics and Plant Breeding, Chaudhary Charan Singh University, Meerut, U.P., 250004, India
| | - Kalpana Singh
- Bioinformatics Infrastructure Facility, Department of Genetics and Plant Breeding, Chaudhary Charan Singh University, Meerut, 250004, India
| | - Tinku Gautam
- Department of Genetics and Plant Breeding, Chaudhary Charan Singh University, Meerut, U.P., 250004, India
| | - Santosh Kumar
- Department of Plant Molecular Biology, University of Delhi South Campus, New Delhi, 110021, India
| | - Saurabh Raghuvanshi
- Department of Plant Molecular Biology, University of Delhi South Campus, New Delhi, 110021, India
| | - Pramod Prasad
- Regional Station, Indian Institute of Wheat and Barley Research (IIWBR), Flowerdale, Shimla, HP, 171002, India
| | - Neelu Jain
- Division of Genetics and Plant Breeding, ICAR-IARI, Pusa, New Delhi, 110012, India
| | - P K Sharma
- Department of Genetics and Plant Breeding, Chaudhary Charan Singh University, Meerut, U.P., 250004, India
| | - H S Balyan
- Department of Genetics and Plant Breeding, Chaudhary Charan Singh University, Meerut, U.P., 250004, India
- Bioinformatics Infrastructure Facility, Department of Genetics and Plant Breeding, Chaudhary Charan Singh University, Meerut, 250004, India
| | - P K Gupta
- Department of Genetics and Plant Breeding, Chaudhary Charan Singh University, Meerut, U.P., 250004, India.
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Peng X, Wang M, Li Y, Yan W, Chang Z, Chen Z, Xu C, Yang C, Deng XW, Wu J, Tang X. Lectin receptor kinase OsLecRK-S.7 is required for pollen development and male fertility. JOURNAL OF INTEGRATIVE PLANT BIOLOGY 2020; 62:1227-1245. [PMID: 31833176 DOI: 10.1111/jipb.12897] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2019] [Accepted: 12/10/2019] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
Pollen grains are covered by exine that protects the pollen from stress and facilitates pollination. Here we isolated a male sterile mutant s13283 in rice exhibiting aborted pollen with abnormal exine and defective aperture. The mutant gene encodes a novel plasma membrane-localized legume-lectin receptor kinase that we named OsLecRK-S.7. OsLecRK-S.7 was expressed at different levels in all tested tissues and throughout anther development. In vitro kinase assay showed OsLecRK-S.7 capable of autophosporylation. Mutation in s13283 (E560K) and mutation of the conserved ATP binding site (K418E) both knocked out the kinase activity. Mass spectrometry showed Thr376 , Ser378 , Thr386 , Thr403 , and Thr657 to be the autophosphorylation sites. Mutation of individual autophosphorylation site affected the in vitro kinase activity to different degrees, but did not abolish the gene function in fertility complementation. oslecrk-s.7 mutant plant overexpressing OsLecRK-S.7 recovered male fertility but showed severe growth retardation with reduced number of tillers, and these phenotypes were abolished by E560K or K418E mutation. The results indicated that OsLecRK-S.7 was a key regulator of pollen development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoqun Peng
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Biotechnology for Plant Development, School of Life Sciences, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, 510631, China
- Shenzhen Institute of Molecular Crop Design, Shenzhen, 518107, China
| | - Menglong Wang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Biotechnology for Plant Development, School of Life Sciences, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, 510631, China
- Shenzhen Institute of Molecular Crop Design, Shenzhen, 518107, China
| | - Yiqi Li
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Biotechnology for Plant Development, School of Life Sciences, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, 510631, China
| | - Wei Yan
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Biotechnology for Plant Development, School of Life Sciences, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, 510631, China
- Shenzhen Institute of Molecular Crop Design, Shenzhen, 518107, China
| | - Zhenyi Chang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Biotechnology for Plant Development, School of Life Sciences, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, 510631, China
| | - Zhufeng Chen
- Shenzhen Institute of Molecular Crop Design, Shenzhen, 518107, China
| | - Chunjue Xu
- Shenzhen Institute of Molecular Crop Design, Shenzhen, 518107, China
| | - Chengwei Yang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Biotechnology for Plant Development, School of Life Sciences, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, 510631, China
| | - Xing Wang Deng
- Shenzhen Institute of Molecular Crop Design, Shenzhen, 518107, China
- School of Life Sciences, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, 518055, China
| | - Jianxin Wu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Biotechnology for Plant Development, School of Life Sciences, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, 510631, China
| | - Xiaoyan Tang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Biotechnology for Plant Development, School of Life Sciences, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, 510631, China
- Shenzhen Institute of Molecular Crop Design, Shenzhen, 518107, China
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40
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Guzman AR, Kim JG, Taylor KW, Lanver D, Mudgett MB. Tomato Atypical Receptor Kinase1 Is Involved in the Regulation of Preinvasion Defense. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY 2020; 183:1306-1318. [PMID: 32385090 PMCID: PMC7333691 DOI: 10.1104/pp.19.01400] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2019] [Accepted: 04/29/2020] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
Tomato Atypical Receptor Kinase 1 (TARK1) is a pseudokinase required for postinvasion immunity. TARK1 was originally identified as a target of the Xanthomonas euvesicatoria effector protein Xanthomonas outer protein N (XopN), a suppressor of early defense signaling. How TARK1 participates in immune signal transduction is not well understood. To gain insight into TARK1's role in tomato (Solanum lycopersicum) immunity, we used a proteomics approach to isolate and identify TARK1-associated immune complexes formed during infection. We found that TARK1 interacts with proteins predicted to be associated with stomatal movement. TARK1 CRISPR mutants and overexpression (OE) lines did not display differences in light-induced stomatal opening or abscisic acid-induced stomatal closure; however, they did show altered stomatal movement responses to bacteria and biotic elicitors. Notably, we found that TARK1 CRISPR plants were resistant to Pseudomonas syringae pathovar tomato strain DC3000-induced stomatal reopening, and TARK1 OE plants were insensitive to P syringae pathovar tomato strain DC3118 (coronatine deficit)-induced stomatal closure. We also found that TARK1 OE in leaves resulted in increased susceptibility to bacterial invasion. Collectively, our results indicate that TARK1 functions in stomatal movement only in response to biotic elicitors and support a model in which TARK1 regulates stomatal opening postelicitation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrew R Guzman
- Department of Biology, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305-5020
| | - Jung-Gun Kim
- Department of Biology, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305-5020
| | - Kyle W Taylor
- Department of Biology, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305-5020
| | - Daniel Lanver
- Department of Biology, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305-5020
| | - Mary Beth Mudgett
- Department of Biology, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305-5020
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Chan C, Panzeri D, Okuma E, Tõldsepp K, Wang YY, Louh GY, Chin TC, Yeh YH, Yeh HL, Yekondi S, Huang YH, Huang TY, Chiou TJ, Murata Y, Kollist H, Zimmerli L. STRESS INDUCED FACTOR 2 Regulates Arabidopsis Stomatal Immunity through Phosphorylation of the Anion Channel SLAC1. THE PLANT CELL 2020; 32:2216-2236. [PMID: 32327536 PMCID: PMC7346559 DOI: 10.1105/tpc.19.00578] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2019] [Revised: 03/30/2020] [Accepted: 04/19/2020] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
Upon recognition of microbes, pattern recognition receptors (PRRs) activate pattern-triggered immunity. FLAGELLIN SENSING2 (FLS2) and BRASSINOSTEROID INSENSITIVE1-ASSOCIATED KINASE1 (BAK1) form a typical PRR complex that senses bacteria. Here, we report that the kinase activity of the malectin-like receptor-like kinase STRESS INDUCED FACTOR 2 (SIF2) is critical for Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana) resistance to bacteria by regulating stomatal immunity. SIF2 physically associates with the FLS2-BAK1 PRR complex and interacts with and phosphorylates the guard cell SLOW ANION CHANNEL1 (SLAC1), which is necessary for abscisic acid (ABA)-mediated stomatal closure. SIF2 is also required for the activation of ABA-induced S-type anion currents in Arabidopsis protoplasts, and SIF2 is sufficient to activate SLAC1 anion channels in Xenopus oocytes. SIF2-mediated activation of SLAC1 depends on specific phosphorylation of Ser 65. This work reveals that SIF2 functions between the FLS2-BAK1 initial immunity receptor complex and the final actuator SLAC1 in stomatal immunity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ching Chan
- Department of Life Science and Institute of Plant Biology, National Taiwan University, Taipei 106, Taiwan
- Agricultural Biotechnology Research Center, Academia Sinica, Taipei 115, Taiwan
| | - Dario Panzeri
- Department of Life Science and Institute of Plant Biology, National Taiwan University, Taipei 106, Taiwan
| | - Eiji Okuma
- Graduate School of Environmental and Life Science, Okayama University, Okayama 700-8530, Japan
| | | | - Ya-Yun Wang
- Department of Life Science and Institute of Plant Biology, National Taiwan University, Taipei 106, Taiwan
| | - Guan-Yu Louh
- Department of Life Science and Institute of Plant Biology, National Taiwan University, Taipei 106, Taiwan
| | - Tzu-Chuan Chin
- Department of Life Science and Institute of Plant Biology, National Taiwan University, Taipei 106, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Hung Yeh
- Department of Life Science and Institute of Plant Biology, National Taiwan University, Taipei 106, Taiwan
| | - Hung-Ling Yeh
- Agricultural Biotechnology Research Center, Academia Sinica, Taipei 115, Taiwan
| | - Shweta Yekondi
- Department of Life Science and Institute of Plant Biology, National Taiwan University, Taipei 106, Taiwan
| | - You-Huei Huang
- Department of Life Science and Institute of Plant Biology, National Taiwan University, Taipei 106, Taiwan
| | - Tai-Yuan Huang
- Department of Life Science and Institute of Plant Biology, National Taiwan University, Taipei 106, Taiwan
| | - Tzyy-Jen Chiou
- Agricultural Biotechnology Research Center, Academia Sinica, Taipei 115, Taiwan
| | - Yoshiyuki Murata
- Graduate School of Environmental and Life Science, Okayama University, Okayama 700-8530, Japan
| | | | - Laurent Zimmerli
- Department of Life Science and Institute of Plant Biology, National Taiwan University, Taipei 106, Taiwan
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Wang HQ, Sun LP, Wang LX, Fang XW, Li ZQ, Zhang FF, Hu X, Qi C, He JM. Ethylene mediates salicylic-acid-induced stomatal closure by controlling reactive oxygen species and nitric oxide production in Arabidopsis. PLANT SCIENCE : AN INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL PLANT BIOLOGY 2020; 294:110464. [PMID: 32234220 DOI: 10.1016/j.plantsci.2020.110464] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2019] [Revised: 03/05/2020] [Accepted: 03/06/2020] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Both salicylic acid (SA) and ethylene induce stomatal closure and positively regulate stomatal immunity, but their interactions in guard cell signaling are unclear. Here, we observed that SA induced the expression of ethylene biosynthetic genes; the production of ethylene, reactive oxygen species (ROS) and nitric oxide (NO); and stomatal closure in Arabidopsis thaliana. However, SA-induced stomatal closure was inhibited by an ethylene biosynthetic inhibitor and mutations in ethylene biosynthetic genes, ethylene-signaling genes [RESPONSE TO ANTAGONIST 1 (RAN1), ETHYLENE RESPONSE 1 (ETR1), ETHYLENE INSENSITIVE 2 (EIN2), EIN3 and ARABIDOPSIS RESPONSE REGULATOR 2 (ARR2)], NADPH oxidase genes [ATRBOHD and ATRBOHF], and nitrate reductase genes (NIA1 and NIA2). Furthermore, SA-triggered ROS production in guard cells was impaired in ran1, etr1, AtrbohD and AtrbohF, but not in ein2, ein3 or arr2. SA-triggered NO production was impaired in all ethylene-signaling mutants tested and in nia1 and nia2. The stomata of mutants for CONSTITUTIVE TRIPLE RESPONSE1 (CTR1) showed constitutive ROS and NO production and closure. These results indicate that ethylene mediates SA-induced stomatal closure by activating ATRBOHD/F-mediated ROS synthesis in an RAN1-, ETR1- and CTR1-dependent manner. This in turn induces NIA1/2-mediated NO production and subsequent stomatal closure via the ETR1, EIN2, EIN3 and ARR2-dependent pathway(s).
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui-Qin Wang
- School of Life Sciences, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, 710119, China
| | - Li-Ping Sun
- School of Life Sciences, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, 710119, China
| | - Li-Xiao Wang
- School of Life Sciences, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, 710119, China
| | - Xiao-Wei Fang
- School of Life Sciences, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, 710119, China
| | - Zhong-Qi Li
- School of Life Sciences, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, 710119, China
| | - Fang-Fang Zhang
- School of Life Sciences, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, 710119, China
| | - Xin Hu
- School of Life Sciences, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, 710119, China
| | - Cheng Qi
- School of Life Sciences, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, 710119, China
| | - Jun-Min He
- School of Life Sciences, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, 710119, China.
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Chan C, Zimmerli L. The Histone Demethylase IBM1 Positively Regulates Arabidopsis Immunity by Control of Defense Gene Expression. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2019; 10:1587. [PMID: 31956325 PMCID: PMC6951416 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2019.01587] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2019] [Accepted: 11/12/2019] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
Epigenetic modifications involve complex and sophisticated control over chromatin states and DNA methylation patterns, which are important for stress tolerance in plants. While the identification of epigenetic modulating enzymes keeps growing, such as MET1, for CG methylation; CMT3, DRM2, DRM3 for CHH methylation; and IBM1, SUVH4 for CHG methylation; the molecular roles of these regulators in specific physiological functions remain obscure. In a mutant screen, we identified IBM1 as a new player in plant immunity. The ibm1 mutants were hyper-susceptible to hemi-biotrophic bacteria Pseudomonas syringae. Accordingly, bacteria-induced up-regulation of PR1, PR2, and FRK1 defense markers was abolished in ibm1 mutants. Consistently, at the chromatin level, these defense marker genes showed enrichment of the inactivation mark, H3K9me2; while the activation mark H3K4me3 was reduced in ibm1 mutants. Immunoprecipitation of associated chromatin further demonstrated that IBM1 binds directly to the gene body of PR1, PR2, and FRK1. Taken together, these data suggest that IBM1 plays a critical role in modulating Arabidopsis immunity through direct regulation of defense gene expression. Notably, IBM1 maintains a permissive chromatin environment to ensure proper induction of defense genes under some biotic stress.
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Guo J, Duan H, Xuan L, Wang Z, Hua J, Yu C, Yin Y, Li M, Yang Y. Identification and functional analysis of LecRLK genes in Taxodium 'Zhongshanshan'. PeerJ 2019; 7:e7498. [PMID: 31423364 PMCID: PMC6697044 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.7498] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2019] [Accepted: 07/16/2019] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Lectin receptor-like protein kinases (LecRLKs) can transform external stimuli into intracellular signals and play important regulatory roles in plant development and response to environmental stressors. However, research on the LecRLK gene family of conifers has seldom been reported. Methods Putative LecRLK genes were identified in the transcriptome of Taxodium 'Zhongshanshan'. The classification, domain structures, subcellular localization prediction, and expression patterns of LecRLK genes, as well as co-expressed genes, were analyzed using bioinformatics methods. Fifteen representative genes were further selected for qRT-PCR analysis in six tissues and under five different environmental stressor conditions. Results In total, 297 LecRLK genes were identified, including 155 G-type, 140 L-type, and 2 C-type. According to the classification, G-type and L-type LecRLK genes both can be organized into seven groups. The domain architecture of G-type proteins were more complex compared with that of L- and C-type proteins. Conservative motifs were found in G-type and L-type diverse lectin domains. Prediction and transient expression experiments to determine subcellular localization showed that LecRLKs were mainly concentrated in the cell membrane system, and some members were located at multiple sites at the same time. RNA-seq-based transcriptomics analysis suggested functional redundancy and divergence within each group. Unigenes co-expressed with LecRLKs in the transcriptome were found to be enriched in pathways related to signal transduction and environmental adaptation. Furthermore, qRT-PCR analysis of representative genes showed evidence of functional divergence between different groups. Conclusions This is the first study to conduct an identification and expression analysis of the LecRLK gene family in Taxodium. These results provide a basis for future studies on the evolution and function of this important gene family in Taxodium.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinbo Guo
- Jiangsu Engineering Research Center for Taxodium Rich. Germplasm Innovation and Propagation, Institute of Botany, Jiangsu Province and Chinese Academy of Sciences (Nanjing Botanical Garden Mem. Sun Yat-Sen), Nanjing, China
| | - Hao Duan
- Jiangsu Engineering Research Center for Taxodium Rich. Germplasm Innovation and Propagation, Institute of Botany, Jiangsu Province and Chinese Academy of Sciences (Nanjing Botanical Garden Mem. Sun Yat-Sen), Nanjing, China
| | - Lei Xuan
- Jiangsu Engineering Research Center for Taxodium Rich. Germplasm Innovation and Propagation, Institute of Botany, Jiangsu Province and Chinese Academy of Sciences (Nanjing Botanical Garden Mem. Sun Yat-Sen), Nanjing, China
| | - Ziyang Wang
- Jiangsu Engineering Research Center for Taxodium Rich. Germplasm Innovation and Propagation, Institute of Botany, Jiangsu Province and Chinese Academy of Sciences (Nanjing Botanical Garden Mem. Sun Yat-Sen), Nanjing, China
| | - Jianfeng Hua
- Jiangsu Engineering Research Center for Taxodium Rich. Germplasm Innovation and Propagation, Institute of Botany, Jiangsu Province and Chinese Academy of Sciences (Nanjing Botanical Garden Mem. Sun Yat-Sen), Nanjing, China
| | - Chaoguang Yu
- Jiangsu Engineering Research Center for Taxodium Rich. Germplasm Innovation and Propagation, Institute of Botany, Jiangsu Province and Chinese Academy of Sciences (Nanjing Botanical Garden Mem. Sun Yat-Sen), Nanjing, China
| | - Yunlong Yin
- Jiangsu Engineering Research Center for Taxodium Rich. Germplasm Innovation and Propagation, Institute of Botany, Jiangsu Province and Chinese Academy of Sciences (Nanjing Botanical Garden Mem. Sun Yat-Sen), Nanjing, China
| | - Mingzhi Li
- Genepioneer Biotechnologies Co. Ltd, Nanjing, China
| | - Ying Yang
- Jiangsu Engineering Research Center for Taxodium Rich. Germplasm Innovation and Propagation, Institute of Botany, Jiangsu Province and Chinese Academy of Sciences (Nanjing Botanical Garden Mem. Sun Yat-Sen), Nanjing, China
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Santos C, Nogueira FCS, Domont GB, Fontes W, Prado GS, Habibi P, Santos VO, Oliveira-Neto OB, Grossi-de-Sá MF, Jorrín-Novo JV, Franco OL, Mehta A. Proteomic Analysis and Functional Validation of a Brassica oleracea Endochitinase Involved in Resistance to Xanthomonas campestris. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2019; 10:414. [PMID: 31031780 PMCID: PMC6473119 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2019.00414] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2018] [Accepted: 03/19/2019] [Indexed: 05/02/2023]
Abstract
Black rot is a severe disease caused by the bacterium Xanthomonas campestris pv. campestris (Xcc), which can lead to substantial losses in cruciferous vegetable production worldwide. Although the use of resistant cultivars is the main strategy to control this disease, there are limited sources of resistance. In this study, we used the LC-MS/MS technique to analyze young cabbage leaves and chloroplast-enriched samples at 24 h after infection by Xcc, using both susceptible (Veloce) and resistant (Astrus) cultivars. A comparison between susceptible Xcc-inoculated plants and the control condition, as well as between resistant Xcc-inoculated plants with the control was performed and more than 300 differentially abundant proteins were identified in each comparison. The chloroplast enriched samples contributed with the identification of 600 additional protein species in the resistant interaction and 900 in the susceptible one, which were not detected in total leaf sample. We further determined the expression levels for 30 genes encoding the identified differential proteins by qRT-PCR. CHI-B4 like gene, encoding an endochitinase showing a high increased abundance in resistant Xcc-inoculated leaves, was selected for functional validation by overexpression in Arabidopsis thaliana. Compared to the wild type (Col-0), transgenic plants were highly resistant to Xcc indicating that CHI-B4 like gene could be an interesting candidate to be used in genetic breeding programs aiming at black rot resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cristiane Santos
- Embrapa Recursos Genéticos e Biotecnologia, Brasília, Brazil
- Departamento de Biologia, Universidade Federal de Juiz de Fora, Juiz de Fora, Brazil
| | - Fábio C. S. Nogueira
- Proteomics Unit, Chemistry Institute, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Gilberto B. Domont
- Proteomics Unit, Chemistry Institute, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Wagner Fontes
- Departamento de Biologia Celular, Universidade de Brasília, Brasília, Brazil
| | | | - Peyman Habibi
- Embrapa Recursos Genéticos e Biotecnologia, Brasília, Brazil
- Department of Bioprocess Engineering and Biotechnology, Universidade Federal do Paraná, Curitiba, Brazil
| | | | - Osmundo B. Oliveira-Neto
- Embrapa Recursos Genéticos e Biotecnologia, Brasília, Brazil
- Departamento de Bioquímica e Biologia Molecular, Escola de Medicina, Faculdades Integradas da União Educacional do Planalto Central, Brasília, Brazil
| | - Maria Fatima Grossi-de-Sá
- Embrapa Recursos Genéticos e Biotecnologia, Brasília, Brazil
- Centro de Analises Proteomicas e Bioquimica, Pós-Graduação em Ciências Genômicas e Biotecnologia, Universidade Católica de Brasília, Brasília, Brazil
| | - Jesus V. Jorrín-Novo
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Universidad de Córdoba, Córdoba, Spain
| | - Octavio L. Franco
- Departamento de Biologia, Universidade Federal de Juiz de Fora, Juiz de Fora, Brazil
- Centro de Analises Proteomicas e Bioquimica, Pós-Graduação em Ciências Genômicas e Biotecnologia, Universidade Católica de Brasília, Brasília, Brazil
- S-Inova Biotech, Pós-Graduação em Biotecnologia, Universidade Católica Dom Bosco, Campo Grande, Brazil
| | - Angela Mehta
- Embrapa Recursos Genéticos e Biotecnologia, Brasília, Brazil
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Zhang C, Guo X, Xie H, Li J, Liu X, Zhu B, Liu S, Li H, Li M, He M, Chen P. Quantitative phosphoproteomics of lectin receptor-like kinase VI.4 dependent abscisic acid response in Arabidopsis thaliana. PHYSIOLOGIA PLANTARUM 2019; 165:728-745. [PMID: 29797451 DOI: 10.1111/ppl.12763] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2018] [Revised: 05/14/2018] [Accepted: 05/15/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Lectin receptor-like kinases (LecRKs) play important roles in the responses to adverse environment stress. Abscisic acid (ABA) is a plant hormone involved in plant growth, development and adverse environmental stress responses. Although some studies of ABA response LecRK genes have been reported, the molecular mechanisms of LecRKs regulation of downstream pathways under ABA induction are not well understood. The present study showed that LecRK-VI.4 responded to ABA and negatively regulated stomatal closure. Here, a quantitative phosphoproteomics approach based on mass spectrometry was employed to study the roles of LecRK-VI.4 in the ABA signaling pathway. Metal oxide affinity beads and C18 chromatography were used for phosphopeptide enrichment and separation. The isobaric tags for relative and absolute quantitation were used for profiling the phosphoproteome of mutant lecrk-vi.4-1 and wild-type Col-0 Arabidopsis under normal growth conditions or ABA treatments. In total, 475 unique phosphopeptides were quantified, including 81 phosphopeptides related to LecRK-VI.4 regulation. Gene ontology, protein-protein interaction and motif analysis were performed. The bioinformatics data showed that phosphorylated proteins regulated by LecRK-VI.4 had close relations with factors of stomatal function, which included aquaporin activity, H+ pump activity and the Ca2+ concentration in the cytoplasm. These data have expanded our understanding of how LecRK-VI.4 regulates ABA-mediated stomatal movements.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cheng Zhang
- College of Life Sciences, Hunan University, Changsha, 410082, China
| | - Xinhong Guo
- College of Life Sciences, Hunan University, Changsha, 410082, China
| | - Huali Xie
- Key Laboratory of Protein Chemistry and Developmental Biology of the Ministry of Education, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, 410081, China
| | - Jinyan Li
- College of Life Sciences, Hunan University, Changsha, 410082, China
| | - Xiaoqian Liu
- Key Laboratory of Protein Chemistry and Developmental Biology of the Ministry of Education, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, 410081, China
| | - Baode Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Protein Chemistry and Developmental Biology of the Ministry of Education, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, 410081, China
| | - Shucan Liu
- College of Life Sciences, Hunan University, Changsha, 410082, China
| | - Huili Li
- College of Life Sciences, Hunan University, Changsha, 410082, China
| | - Meiling Li
- College of Life Sciences, Hunan University, Changsha, 410082, China
| | - Mingqi He
- College of Life Sciences, Hunan University, Changsha, 410082, China
| | - Ping Chen
- Key Laboratory of Protein Chemistry and Developmental Biology of the Ministry of Education, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, 410081, China
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Application of Data-Independent Acquisition Approach to Study the Proteome Change from Early to Later Phases of Tomato Pathogenesis Responses. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:ijms20040863. [PMID: 30781546 PMCID: PMC6413104 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20040863] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2018] [Revised: 02/11/2019] [Accepted: 02/12/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Plants and pathogens are entangled in a continual arms race. Plants have evolved dynamic defence and immune mechanisms to resist infection and enhance immunity for second wave attacks from the same or different types of pathogenic species. In addition to evolutionarily and physiological changes, plant-pathogen interaction is also highly dynamic at the molecular level. Recently, an emerging quantitative mass spectrometry-based proteomics approach named data-independent acquisition (DIA), has been developed for the analysis of the proteome in a high-throughput fashion. In this study, the DIA approach was applied to quantitatively trace the change in the plant proteome from the early to the later stage of pathogenesis progression. This study revealed that at the early stage of the pathogenesis response, proteins directly related to the chaperon were regulated for the defence proteins. At the later stage, not only the defence proteins but also a set of the pathogen-associated molecular pattern-triggered immunity (PTI) and effector triggered immunity (ETI)-related proteins were highly induced. Our findings show the dynamics of the plant regulation of pathogenesis at the protein level and demonstrate the potential of using the DIA approach for tracing the dynamics of the plant proteome during pathogenesis responses.
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48
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Huang PY, Zhang J, Jiang B, Chan C, Yu JH, Lu YP, Chung K, Zimmerli L. NINJA-associated ERF19 negatively regulates Arabidopsis pattern-triggered immunity. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY 2019; 70:1033-1047. [PMID: 30462256 PMCID: PMC6363091 DOI: 10.1093/jxb/ery414] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2018] [Accepted: 11/19/2018] [Indexed: 05/07/2023]
Abstract
Recognition of microbe-associated molecular patterns (MAMPs) derived from invading pathogens by plant pattern recognition receptors (PRRs) initiates a subset of defense responses known as pattern-triggered immunity (PTI). Transcription factors (TFs) orchestrate the onset of PTI through complex signaling networks. Here, we characterized the function of ERF19, a member of the Arabidopsis thaliana ethylene response factor (ERF) family. ERF19 was found to act as a negative regulator of PTI against Botrytis cinerea and Pseudomonas syringae. Notably, overexpression of ERF19 increased plant susceptibility to these pathogens and repressed MAMP-induced PTI outputs. In contrast, expression of the chimeric dominant repressor ERF19-SRDX boosted PTI activation, conferred increased resistance to the fungus B. cinerea, and enhanced elf18-triggered immunity against bacteria. Consistent with a negative role for ERF19 in PTI, MAMP-mediated growth inhibition was weakened or augmented in lines overexpressing ERF19 or expressing ERF19-SRDX, respectively. Using biochemical and genetic approaches, we show that the transcriptional co-repressor Novel INteractor of JAZ (NINJA) associates with and represses the function of ERF19. Our work reveals ERF19 as a novel player in the mitigation of PTI, and highlights a potential role for NINJA in fine-tuning ERF19-mediated regulation of Arabidopsis innate immunity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pin-Yao Huang
- Department of Life Science and Institute of Plant Biology, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, New York University Langone School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, New York University Langone School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Jingsong Zhang
- Department of Life Science and Institute of Plant Biology, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Beier Jiang
- Department of Life Science and Institute of Plant Biology, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Ching Chan
- Department of Life Science and Institute of Plant Biology, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Jhong-He Yu
- Department of Life Science and Institute of Plant Biology, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Pin Lu
- Department of Life Science and Institute of Plant Biology, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - KwiMi Chung
- Bioproduction Research Institute, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology, Higashi, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - Laurent Zimmerli
- Department of Life Science and Institute of Plant Biology, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
- Correspondence:
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Passricha N, Saifi SK, Kharb P, Tuteja N. Marker-free transgenic rice plant overexpressing pea LecRLK imparts salinity tolerance by inhibiting sodium accumulation. PLANT MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2019; 99:265-281. [PMID: 30604324 DOI: 10.1007/s11103-018-0816-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2018] [Accepted: 12/18/2018] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
KEY MESSAGE PsLecRLK overexpression in rice provides tolerance against salinity stress and cause upregulation of SOS1 pathway genes, which are responsible for extrusion of excess Na+ ion under stress condition. Soil salinity is one of the most devastating factors threatening cultivable land. Rice is a major staple crop and immensely affected by soil salinity. The small genome size of rice relative to wheat and barley, together with its salt sensitivity, makes it an ideal candidate for studies on salt stress response caused by a particular gene. Under stress conditions crosstalk between organelles and cell to cell response is imperative. LecRLK is an important family, which plays a key role under stress conditions and regulates the physiology of the plant. Here we have functionally validated the PsLecRLK gene in rice for salinity stress tolerance and hypothesized the model for its working. Salt stress sensitive rice variety IR64 was used for developing marker-free transgenic with modified binary vector pCAMBIA1300 overexpressing PsLecRLK gene. Comparison of transgenic and wild-type (WT) plants showed better physiological and biochemical results in transgenic lines with a low level of ROS, MDA and ion accumulation and a higher level of proline, relative water content, root/shoot ration, enzymatic activities of ROS scavengers and upregulation of stress-responsive genes. Based on the relative expression of stress-responsive genes and ionic content, the working model highlights the role of PsLecRLK in the extrusion of Na+ ion from the cell. This extrusion of Na+ ion is facilitated by higher expression of SOS1 (Na+/K+ channel) in transgenic plants as compared to WT plants. Altered expression of stress-responsive genes and change in biochemical and physiological properties of the cell suggests an extensive reprogramming of the stress-responsive metabolic pathways by PsLecRLK under stress condition, which could be responsible for the salt tolerance capability.
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MESH Headings
- Adaptation, Physiological/drug effects
- Adaptation, Physiological/genetics
- Calcium/metabolism
- Cell Death
- Cell Membrane/drug effects
- Cloning, Molecular
- Gene Expression Regulation, Plant/drug effects
- Gene Expression Regulation, Plant/genetics
- Genes, Plant
- Germination
- Homozygote
- Ions
- Oryza/genetics
- Oryza/metabolism
- Pisum sativum/genetics
- Pisum sativum/metabolism
- Plant Proteins/genetics
- Plant Proteins/metabolism
- Plants, Genetically Modified/genetics
- Plants, Genetically Modified/metabolism
- Protein Transport/drug effects
- Reactive Oxygen Species/metabolism
- Receptors, Mitogen/genetics
- Receptors, Mitogen/metabolism
- SOS1 Protein/genetics
- SOS1 Protein/metabolism
- Salinity
- Salt Tolerance/genetics
- Salt Tolerance/physiology
- Sodium/metabolism
- Sodium Chloride/metabolism
- Sodium Chloride/pharmacology
- Stress, Physiological/drug effects
- Stress, Physiological/genetics
- Up-Regulation
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Affiliation(s)
- Nishat Passricha
- Plant Molecular Biology Group, International Centre for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, Aruna Asaf Ali Marg, New Delhi, 110067, India
| | - Shabnam K Saifi
- Plant Molecular Biology Group, International Centre for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, Aruna Asaf Ali Marg, New Delhi, 110067, India
| | - Pushpa Kharb
- Department of Molecular Biology, Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, COBS&H, CCS Haryana Agricultural University, Hisar, Haryana, 125004, India
| | - Narendra Tuteja
- Plant Molecular Biology Group, International Centre for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, Aruna Asaf Ali Marg, New Delhi, 110067, India.
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50
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Gouhier-Darimont C, Stahl E, Glauser G, Reymond P. The Arabidopsis Lectin Receptor Kinase LecRK-I.8 Is Involved in Insect Egg Perception. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2019; 10:623. [PMID: 31134123 PMCID: PMC6524003 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2019.00623] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2019] [Accepted: 04/26/2019] [Indexed: 05/16/2023]
Abstract
Plants induce defense responses after insect egg deposition, but very little is known about the perception mechanisms. In Arabidopsis thaliana, eggs of the specialist insect Pieris brassicae trigger accumulation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and salicylic acid (SA), followed by induction of defense genes and localized necrosis. Here, the involvement of the clade I L-type lectin receptor kinase LecRK-I.8 in these responses was studied. Expression of LecRK-I.8 was upregulated at the site of P. brassicae oviposition and egg extract (EE) treatment. ROS, SA, cell death, and expression of PR1 were substantially reduced in the Arabidopsis knock-out mutant lecrk-I.8 after EE treatment. In addition, EE-induced systemic resistance against Pseudomonas syringae was abolished in lecrk-I.8. Expression of ten clade I homologs of LecRK-I.8 was also induced by EE treatment, but single mutants displayed only weak alteration of EE-induced PR1 expression. These results demonstrate that LecRK-I.8 is an early component of egg perception.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Elia Stahl
- Department of Plant Molecular Biology, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Gaetan Glauser
- Neuchâtel Platform of Analytical Chemistry, University of Neuchâtel, Neuchâtel, Switzerland
| | - Philippe Reymond
- Department of Plant Molecular Biology, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
- *Correspondence: Philippe Reymond,
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