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Lu C, Gao S, Zhang L, Shi X, Chen Y, Wei S, Zuo L, Zhang L. Nuclear Protein 1 Expression Is Associated with PPARG in Bladder Transitional Cell Carcinoma. PPAR Res 2023; 2023:6797694. [PMID: 37197716 PMCID: PMC10185424 DOI: 10.1155/2023/6797694] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2022] [Revised: 03/20/2023] [Accepted: 04/20/2023] [Indexed: 05/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Background The Nuclear protein 1 gene was first discovered in acute pancreatitis and functions as an oncogene in cancer progression and drug resistance. However, the role of Nuclear protein 1 in bladder transitional cell carcinoma (BTCC) is still unclear. Methods The Cancer Genome Atlas database and immunohistochemical analysis were adopted to evaluate Nuclear protein 1 expression in BTCC. We applied lentivirus-mediated small-interfering RNA to down-regulate the expression of Nuclear protein 1 in BTCC cell lines. We further performed an Affymetrix microarray and Gene Set Enrichment Analysis (GSEA) to assess the genes and signaling pathways related to Nuclear protein 1. Results We found that Nuclear protein 1 expression was up-regulated in BTCC and positively related to the degree of BTCC malignancy. Compared with Caucasian patients with BTCC, Nuclear protein 1 expression was attenuated in Asian patients. The Affymetrix microarray showed that lipopolysaccharide was the upstream regulatory factor of Nuclear protein 1 in BTCC. The GSEA indicated that Nuclear protein 1 expression was associated with signaling pathways in cancer, peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (PPAR) pathways, and RNA degradation. The expression of Nuclear protein 1 was negatively correlated with PPARG (R = -0.290, P < 0.001), but not with PPARA (R = 0.047, P = 0.344) and PPARD (R = -0.055, P = 0.260). Conclusions The study findings indicate that Nuclear protein 1 is positively associated with the malignancy degree of BTCC and that Nuclear protein 1 expression is negatively correlated with PPARG.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chao Lu
- Department of Urology, Changzhou Second People's Hospital, 29 Xinglong Road, Changzhou 213003, China
| | - Shenglin Gao
- Department of Urology, Changzhou Second People's Hospital, 29 Xinglong Road, Changzhou 213003, China
| | - Li Zhang
- Department of Urology, Changzhou Second People's Hospital, 29 Xinglong Road, Changzhou 213003, China
| | - Xiaokai Shi
- Department of Urology, Changzhou Second People's Hospital, 29 Xinglong Road, Changzhou 213003, China
| | - Yin Chen
- Department of Urology, Changzhou Second People's Hospital, 29 Xinglong Road, Changzhou 213003, China
| | - Shuzhang Wei
- Department of Urology, Changzhou Second People's Hospital, 29 Xinglong Road, Changzhou 213003, China
| | - Li Zuo
- Department of Urology, Changzhou Second People's Hospital, 29 Xinglong Road, Changzhou 213003, China
| | - Lifeng Zhang
- Department of Urology, Changzhou Second People's Hospital, 29 Xinglong Road, Changzhou 213003, China
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Zhang L, Gao S, Shi X, Chen Y, Wei S, Mi Y, Zuo L, Qi C. NUPR1
imparts oncogenic potential in bladder cancer. Cancer Med 2022; 12:7149-7163. [PMID: 36468653 PMCID: PMC10067104 DOI: 10.1002/cam4.5518] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2022] [Revised: 11/18/2022] [Accepted: 11/25/2022] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND NUPR1, or p8, is a small chromatin protein that plays a central role in the resistance to treatment and progression of cancer. Nevertheless, the molecular mechanism of NUPR1 in bladder cancer (BLCA) remains unclear. METHODS We used online databases and immunohistochemistry (IHC) to explore the expression of NUPR1 in BLCA tissues and controls. Lentivirus-mediated small interfering ribonucleic acid (siRNA) was used to knockdown the expression of NUPR1 in two human BLCA cell lines. We used an in vivo experiment to investigate the effect of NUPR1 knockdown on the growth of BLCA. Moreover, an in silico analysis was conducted to assess the differential expression profile after NUPR1 interference. The CIBERSORT algorithm was utilized to evaluate the effects of tumor-infiltrating immune cells among BLCA patients. RESULTS The expression of NUPR1 in BLCA tissues was significantly higher than in the control. NUPR1 expression was also positively correlated with the stage of BLCA. After lentivirus-mediated interference, the expression of NUPR1 was significantly down-regulated in BLCA cell lines. The cell cycle was blocked in G1 phase and the cell proportion of S phase was decreased in both two cell lines. Moreover, in vivo experiment revealed that the tumor growth of BLCA can be delayed by inhibiting the expression of NUPR1. Both in silico analysis and functional experiments revealed that NUPR1 was correlated with epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT). We also revealed that macrophages were the most related immune cells associated with the expression of NUPR1 in BLCA. CONCLUSIONS This study suggests that NUPR1 plays a carcinogenic role in BLCA. NUPR1 lentivirus-mediated interference could interfere with cycle progression of the BLCA cell, resulting in cell cycle arrest in the G1-phase. The carcinogenic effect of NUPR1 in BLCA is likely achieved through EMT. NUPR1 is correlated with the M0-type macrophage markers CD68 and CD11b-integrin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lifeng Zhang
- Department of Urology The Affiliated Changzhou Second People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University Changzhou China
| | - Shenglin Gao
- Department of Urology The Affiliated Changzhou Second People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University Changzhou China
| | - Xiaokai Shi
- Department of Urology The Affiliated Changzhou Second People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University Changzhou China
| | - Yin Chen
- Department of Urology The Affiliated Changzhou Second People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University Changzhou China
| | - Shuzhang Wei
- Department of Urology The Affiliated Changzhou Second People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University Changzhou China
| | - Yuanyuan Mi
- Department of Urology Affiliated Hospital of Jiangnan University Wuxi China
| | - Li Zuo
- Department of Urology The Affiliated Changzhou Second People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University Changzhou China
| | - Chunjian Qi
- Medical Research Center The Affiliated Changzhou Second People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University Changzhou China
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Grasso D, Bintz J, Lomberk G, Molejon MI, Loncle C, Garcia MN, Lopez MB, Urrutia R, Iovanna JL. Pivotal Role of the Chromatin Protein Nupr1 in Kras-Induced Senescence and Transformation. Sci Rep 2015; 5:17549. [PMID: 26617245 PMCID: PMC4663475 DOI: 10.1038/srep17549] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2015] [Accepted: 09/15/2015] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Nupr1 is a chromatin protein, which cooperates with KrasG12D to induce PanIN formation and pancreatic cancer development in mice, though the molecular mechanisms underlying this effect remain to be fully characterized. In the current study, we report that Nupr1 acts as a gene modifier of the effect of KrasG12D-induced senescence by regulating Dnmt1 expression and consequently genome-wide levels of DNA methylation. Congruently, 5-aza-2′-deoxycytydine, a general inhibitor of DNA methylation, reverses the KrasG12D-induced PanIN development by promoting senescence. This requirement of Nupr1 expression, however, is not restricted to the pancreas since in lung of Nupr1–/– mice the expression of KrasG12D induces senescence instead of transformation. Therefore, mechanistically this data reveals that epigenetic events, at least at the level of DNA methylation, modulate the functional outcome of common genetic mutations, such as KrasG12D, during carcinogenesis. The biomedical relevance of these findings lies in that they support the rational for developing similar therapeutic interventions in human aimed at controlling either the initiation or progression of cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Grasso
- Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Marseille (CRCM), INSERM U1068, CNRS UMR 7258, Aix-Marseille Université and Institut Paoli-Calmettes, Parc Scientifique et Technologique de Luminy, Marseille, France
| | - Jennifer Bintz
- Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Marseille (CRCM), INSERM U1068, CNRS UMR 7258, Aix-Marseille Université and Institut Paoli-Calmettes, Parc Scientifique et Technologique de Luminy, Marseille, France
| | - Gwen Lomberk
- Laboratory of Epigenetics and Chromatin Dynamics, Gastroenterology Research Unit, Departments of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Biophysics, and Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, USA
| | - Maria Ines Molejon
- Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Marseille (CRCM), INSERM U1068, CNRS UMR 7258, Aix-Marseille Université and Institut Paoli-Calmettes, Parc Scientifique et Technologique de Luminy, Marseille, France
| | - Celine Loncle
- Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Marseille (CRCM), INSERM U1068, CNRS UMR 7258, Aix-Marseille Université and Institut Paoli-Calmettes, Parc Scientifique et Technologique de Luminy, Marseille, France
| | - Maria Noé Garcia
- Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Marseille (CRCM), INSERM U1068, CNRS UMR 7258, Aix-Marseille Université and Institut Paoli-Calmettes, Parc Scientifique et Technologique de Luminy, Marseille, France
| | - Maria Belen Lopez
- Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Marseille (CRCM), INSERM U1068, CNRS UMR 7258, Aix-Marseille Université and Institut Paoli-Calmettes, Parc Scientifique et Technologique de Luminy, Marseille, France
| | - Raul Urrutia
- Laboratory of Epigenetics and Chromatin Dynamics, Gastroenterology Research Unit, Departments of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Biophysics, and Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, USA
| | - Juan L Iovanna
- Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Marseille (CRCM), INSERM U1068, CNRS UMR 7258, Aix-Marseille Université and Institut Paoli-Calmettes, Parc Scientifique et Technologique de Luminy, Marseille, France
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4
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Grasso D, Garcia MN, Hamidi T, Cano C, Calvo E, Lomberk G, Urrutia R, Iovanna JL. Genetic inactivation of the pancreatitis-inducible gene Nupr1 impairs PanIN formation by modulating Kras(G12D)-induced senescence. Cell Death Differ 2014; 21:1633-41. [PMID: 24902898 PMCID: PMC4158688 DOI: 10.1038/cdd.2014.74] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2013] [Revised: 04/01/2014] [Accepted: 04/30/2014] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Nuclear protein 1 (Nupr1), a small chromatin protein, has a critical role in cancer development, progression and resistance to therapy. Previously, we had demonstrated that Nupr1 cooperates with KrasG12D to induce pancreas intraepithelial neoplasias (PanIN) formation and pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma development in mice. However, the molecular mechanisms by which Nupr1 influences Kras-mediated preneoplastic growth remain to be fully characterized. In the current study, we report evidence supporting a role for Nupr1 as a gene modifier of KrasG12D-induced senescence, which must be overcome to promote PanIN formation. We found that genetic inactivation of Nupr1 in mice impairs Kras-induced PanIN, leading to an increase in β-galactosidase-positive cells and an upregulation of surrogate marker genes for senescence. More importantly, both of these cellular and molecular changes are recapitulated by the results of mechanistic experiments using RNAi-based inactivation of Nupr1 in human pancreatic cancer cell models. In addition, the senescent phenotype, which results from Nupr1 inactivation, is accompanied by activation of the FoxO3a-Skp2-p27Kip1-pRb-E2F pathway in vivo and in vitro. Thus, combined, these results show, for the first time, that Nupr1 aids oncogenic Kras to bypass senescence in a manner that cooperatively promotes PanIN formation. Besides its mechanistic importance, this new knowledge bears medical relevance as it delineates early pathobiological events that may be targeted in the future as a means to interfere with the formation of preneoplastic lesions early during pancreatic carcinogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Grasso
- Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Marseille (CRCM), INSERM U1068, CNRS UMR 7258, Aix-Marseille Université and Institut Paoli-Calmettes, Parc Scientifique et Technologique de Luminy, Marseille, France
| | - M N Garcia
- Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Marseille (CRCM), INSERM U1068, CNRS UMR 7258, Aix-Marseille Université and Institut Paoli-Calmettes, Parc Scientifique et Technologique de Luminy, Marseille, France
| | - T Hamidi
- Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Marseille (CRCM), INSERM U1068, CNRS UMR 7258, Aix-Marseille Université and Institut Paoli-Calmettes, Parc Scientifique et Technologique de Luminy, Marseille, France
| | - C Cano
- Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Marseille (CRCM), INSERM U1068, CNRS UMR 7258, Aix-Marseille Université and Institut Paoli-Calmettes, Parc Scientifique et Technologique de Luminy, Marseille, France
| | - E Calvo
- Molecular Endocrinology and Oncology Research Center, CHUL Research Center, Quebec City, QC, Canada
| | - G Lomberk
- Laboratory of Epigenetics and Chromatin Dynamics, Gastroenterology Research Unit, Departments of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Biophysics, and Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - R Urrutia
- Laboratory of Epigenetics and Chromatin Dynamics, Gastroenterology Research Unit, Departments of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Biophysics, and Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - J L Iovanna
- Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Marseille (CRCM), INSERM U1068, CNRS UMR 7258, Aix-Marseille Université and Institut Paoli-Calmettes, Parc Scientifique et Technologique de Luminy, Marseille, France
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5
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Armstrong JL, Flockhart R, Veal GJ, Lovat PE, Redfern CPF. Regulation of endoplasmic reticulum stress-induced cell death by ATF4 in neuroectodermal tumor cells. J Biol Chem 2009; 285:6091-100. [PMID: 20022965 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m109.014092] [Citation(s) in RCA: 123] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
The neuroectodermal tumors neuroblastoma and melanoma represent biologically aggressive and chemoresistant cancers. The chemotherapeutic agents fenretinide and bortezomib induce apoptosis through endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress in these tumor types. The aim of this study was to test the hypothesis that the early events of ER stress signaling and response pathways induced by fenretinide and bortezomib are mediated by the eukaryotic initiation factor 2alpha (eIF2alpha)-ATF4 signaling pathway. Treatment of neuroblastoma and melanoma cell lines with fenretinide, bortezomib, or thapsigargin resulted in induction of eIF2alpha signaling, characterized by increased expression of phosphorylated eIF2alpha, ATF4, ATF3, and GADD34. These events correlated with induction of the pro-apoptotic protein Noxa. The cytotoxic response, characterized by up-regulation of Noxa and cell death, was dependent on ATF4, but not the ER-related pro-death signaling pathways involving GADD153 or IRE1. Although PERK-dependent phosphorylation of eIF2alpha enhanced ATF4 protein levels during ER stress, cell death in response to fenretinide, bortezomib, or thapsigargin was not abrogated by inhibition of eIF2alpha phosphorylation through PERK knockdown or overexpression of wild-type eIF2alpha. Furthermore, ATF4 induction in response to ER stress was dependent primarily on transcriptional activation, which occurred in a PERK- and phosphorylated eIF2alpha-independent manner. These results demonstrate that ATF4 mediates ER stress-induced cell death of neuroectodermal tumor cells in response to fenretinide or bortezomib. Understanding the complex regulation of cell death pathways in response to ER stress-inducing drugs has the potential to reveal novel therapeutic targets, thus allowing the development of improved treatment strategies to overcome chemoresistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jane L Armstrong
- Northern Institute for Cancer Research, Newcastle upon Tyne NE2 4HH, United Kingdom.
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6
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Cocoa Butter and Safflower Oil Elicit Different Effects on Hepatic Gene Expression and Lipid Metabolism in Rats. Lipids 2009; 44:1011-27. [DOI: 10.1007/s11745-009-3352-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2009] [Accepted: 09/18/2009] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
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7
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Sambasivan R, Cheedipudi S, Pasupuleti N, Saleh A, Pavlath GK, Dhawan J. The small chromatin-binding protein p8 coordinates the association of anti-proliferative and pro-myogenic proteins at the myogenin promoter. J Cell Sci 2009; 122:3481-91. [PMID: 19723804 PMCID: PMC2746131 DOI: 10.1242/jcs.048678] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/02/2009] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Quiescent muscle progenitors called satellite cells persist in adult skeletal muscle and, upon injury to muscle, re-enter the cell cycle and either undergo self-renewal or differentiate to regenerate lost myofibers. Using synchronized cultures of C2C12 myoblasts to model these divergent programs, we show that p8 (also known as Nupr1), a G1-induced gene, negatively regulates the cell cycle and promotes myogenic differentiation. p8 is a small chromatin protein related to the high mobility group (HMG) family of architectural factors and binds to histone acetyltransferase p300 (p300, also known as CBP). We confirm this interaction and show that p300-dependent events (Myc expression, global histone acetylation and post-translational acetylation of the myogenic regulator MyoD) are all affected in p8-knockdown myoblasts, correlating with repression of MyoD target-gene expression and severely defective differentiation. We report two new partners for p8 that support a role in muscle-specific gene regulation: p68 (Ddx5), an RNA helicase reported to bind both p300 and MyoD, and MyoD itself. We show that, similar to MyoD and p300, p8 and p68 are located at the myogenin promoter, and that knockdown of p8 compromises chromatin association of all four proteins. Thus, p8 represents a new node in a chromatin regulatory network that coordinates myogenic differentiation with cell-cycle exit.
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8
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Xia Y, Liu Y, Wan J, Wang M, Rocchi P, Qu F, Iovanna JL, Peng L. Novel Triazole Ribonucleoside Down-Regulates Heat Shock Protein 27 and Induces Potent Anticancer Activity on Drug-Resistant Pancreatic Cancer. J Med Chem 2009; 52:6083-96. [DOI: 10.1021/jm900960v] [Citation(s) in RCA: 79] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yi Xia
- State Key Laboratory of Virology, College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430072, P. R. China
- Département de Chimie, Centre Interdisciplinaire de Nanoscience de Marseille, CNRS UPR 3118, 163, Avenue de Luminy, 13288 Marseille, France
| | - Yang Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Virology, College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430072, P. R. China
| | - Jinqiao Wan
- State Key Laboratory of Virology, College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430072, P. R. China
| | - Menghua Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Virology, College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430072, P. R. China
| | - Palma Rocchi
- INSERM U624, 163, Avenue de Luminy, 13288 Marseille, France
| | - Fanqi Qu
- State Key Laboratory of Virology, College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430072, P. R. China
| | | | - Ling Peng
- State Key Laboratory of Virology, College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430072, P. R. China
- Département de Chimie, Centre Interdisciplinaire de Nanoscience de Marseille, CNRS UPR 3118, 163, Avenue de Luminy, 13288 Marseille, France
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9
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Kovacs WJ, Tape KN, Shackelford JE, Wikander TM, Richards MJ, Fliesler SJ, Krisans SK, Faust PL. Peroxisome deficiency causes a complex phenotype because of hepatic SREBP/Insig dysregulation associated with endoplasmic reticulum stress. J Biol Chem 2008; 284:7232-45. [PMID: 19110480 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m809064200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Regulation of hepatic cholesterol biosynthesis, lipogenesis, and insulin signaling intersect at the transcriptional level by control of SREBP and Insig genes. We previously demonstrated that peroxisome-deficient PEX2-/- mice activate SREBP-2 pathways but are unable to maintain normal cholesterol homeostasis. In this study, we demonstrate that oral bile acid treatment normalized hepatic and plasma cholesterol levels and hepatic cholesterol synthesis in early postnatal PEX2 mutants, but SREBP-2 and its target gene expressions remained increased. SREBP-2 pathway induction was also observed in neonatal and longer surviving PEX2 mutants, where hepatic cholesterol levels were normal. Abnormal expression patterns for SREBP-1c and Insig-2a, and novel regulation of Insig-2b, further demonstrate that peroxisome deficiency widely affects the regulation of related metabolic pathways. We have provided the first demonstration that peroxisome deficiency activates hepatic endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress pathways, especially the integrated stress response mediated by PERK and ATF4 signaling. Our studies suggest a mechanism whereby ER stress leads to dysregulation of the endogenous sterol response mechanism and concordantly activates oxidative stress pathways. Several metabolic derangements in peroxisome-deficient PEX2-/- liver are likely to trigger ER stress, including perturbed flux of mevalonate metabolites, altered bile acid homeostasis, changes in fatty acid levels and composition, and oxidative stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Werner J Kovacs
- Institute of Cell Biology, ETH Zürich, CH-8093 Zürich, Switzerland.
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10
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Million Passe CM, White CR, King MW, Quirk PL, Iovanna JL, Quirk CC. Loss of the protein NUPR1 (p8) leads to delayed LHB expression, delayed ovarian maturation, and testicular development of a sertoli-cell-only syndrome-like phenotype in mice. Biol Reprod 2008; 79:598-607. [PMID: 18495683 DOI: 10.1095/biolreprod.108.068304] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/01/2022] Open
Abstract
The high mobility group factor NUPR1, also known as p8 and com1, plays a role in temporal expression of the beta subunit of luteinizing hormone, LHB, during gonadotroph development. At Embryonic Day (e) 16.5, LHB is detectable in wild-type (Nupr1(+/+)) but not Nupr1 knockout (Nupr1(-/-)) mice. LHB is initiated by e17.5 in Nupr1(-/-) mice, and expression is fully recovered by Postnatal Day (p) 2. Factors indicative of pituitary maturation, GATA2, CGA, and TSH, are not differentially expressed in Nupr1(-/-) and Nupr1(+/+) embryos at e17.5. Therefore, the delay in LHB expression does not appear to result from delayed pituitary development. In addition, the role of NUPR1 in gonadotropin expression appears specific for LHB, as no difference in FSHB is observed in Nupr1(-/-) and Nupr1(+/+) embryos. The gonads are also impacted by the absence of NUPR1. Ovaries of female Nupr1(-/-) mice lack corpora lutea (CL) at 8 wk, an age at which CL are present in all Nupr1(+/+) littermates. Sexual maturity is recovered by 11 wk in Nupr1(-/-) mice. Conversely, the testes of Nupr1(-/-) males appear normal through 8 mo of age. By 10 mo, however, these mice develop a condition in which a significant number of seminiferous tubules lack germ cells, an abnormality reminiscent of human Sertoli-cell-only syndrome. NUPR1 is undetectable in Nupr1(+/+) gonadotrophs by p2 and remains absent in adulthood, but quantitative PCR analysis indicates Nupr1(+/+) adult ovaries and testes express Nupr1 mRNA. Therefore, the ovarian and testicular phenotypes may be due to the loss of NUPR1 directly at the gonads.
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11
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Passe CMM, Cooper G, Quirk CC. The murine p8 gene promoter is activated by activating transcription factor 4 (ATF4) in the gonadotrope-derived LbetaT2 cell line. Endocrine 2006; 30:81-91. [PMID: 17185796 DOI: 10.1385/endo:30:1:81] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2006] [Revised: 06/09/2006] [Accepted: 06/22/2006] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
The factor p8 is a high mobility group (HMG) A family member that is upregulated during the cellular stress response in numerous tissues. Because expression of this protein encourages cellular transformation, our goal is to characterize the mechanism by which the p8 gene is regulated. Using LbetaT2 cells as a model of a transformed cell in which p8 plays a role in tumor formation, we dissected the p8 promoter into its minimal functional units and found that activating transcription factor 4 (ATF4), a factor also upregulated during cellular stress responses, enhances p8 promoter activity in a dose-dependent manner. In addition, ATF4 binds in the highly conserved major activation domain of the p8 proximal promoter between -130 and -100 bp. Furthermore, we show that six of the nine base pairs that encompass the putative element are essential for ATF4 binding. These findings increase our knowledge of the mechanisms regulating the p8 gene in a genetically defined tumor model.
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12
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Urzúa U, Roby KF, Gangi LM, Cherry JM, Powell JI, Munroe DJ. Transcriptomic analysis of an in vitro murine model of ovarian carcinoma: functional similarity to the human disease and identification of prospective tumoral markers and targets. J Cell Physiol 2006; 206:594-602. [PMID: 16245302 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.20522] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Ovarian cancer is an aggressive disease of poor prognostic when detected at advanced stage. It is widely accepted that the ovarian surface epithelium plays a central role in disease etiology, but little is known about disease progression at the molecular level. To identify genes involved in ovarian tumorigenesis, we carried out a genome-wide transcriptomic analysis of six spontaneously transformed mouse ovarian surface epithelial (MOSE) cell lines, an in vitro model for human ovarian carcinoma. Loess normalization followed by statistical analysis with control of multiple testing resulted in 509 differentially expressed genes using an adjusted P-value < or = 0.05 as cut-off. The top 20 differentially expressed genes included 10 genes (Spp1, Cyp1b1, Btg1, Cfh, Mt1, Mt2, Igfbp5, Gstm1, Gstm2, and Esr1) implicated in various aspects of ovarian carcinomas, and other 3 genes (Gsto1, Lcn7, and Alcam) associated to breast cancer. Upon functional analysis, the majority of alterations affected genes involved in glutathione metabolism and MAPK signaling pathways. Interestingly, over 20% of the aberrantly expressed genes were related to extracellular components, suggestive of potential markers of disease progression. In addition, we identified the genes Pura, Cnn3, Arpc1b, Map4k4, Tgfb1i4, and Crsp2 correlated to in vivo tumorigenic parameters previously reported for these cells. Taken together, our findings support the utility of MOSE cells in studying ovarian cancer biology and as a source of novel diagnostic and therapeutic targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ulises Urzúa
- Programa de Biología Celular y Molecular, Instituto de Ciencias Biomédicas, Universidad de Chile, Independencia, Santiago, Chile.
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Plant SR, Wang Y, Vasseur S, Thrash JC, Mcmahon EJ, Bergstralh DT, Arnett HA, Miller SD, Carson MJ, Iovanna JL, Ting JPY. Upregulation of the stress-associated gene p8 in mouse models of demyelination and in multiple sclerosis tissues. Glia 2006; 53:529-37. [PMID: 16374777 PMCID: PMC2633933 DOI: 10.1002/glia.20297] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
Cuprizone-induced demyelination is a mouse model of multiple sclerosis (MS) as cuprizone-fed mice exhibit neuroinflammation and demyelination in the brain. Upon removal of cuprizone from the diet, inflammation is resolved and reparative remyelination occurs. In an Affymetrix GeneChip analysis, the stress-associated gene p8 was strongly upregulated (>10x) during cuprizone-induced demyelination but not remyelination. We verified this upregulation (>15x) of p8 in the CNS during demyelination by real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR). This upregulation is brain-specific, as p8 is not elevated in the liver, lung, kidney, spleen, and heart of cuprizone-treated mice. We also localized the cellular source of p8 during cuprizone treatment, and further found elevated expression during embryogenesis but not in normal adult brain. Compared with wild-type controls, the death of oligodendrocytes in p8-/- mice is delayed, as is microglial recruitment to areas of demyelination. The corpus callosum of p8-/- mice demyelinates at a slower rate than wild-type mice, suggesting that p8 exacerbates CNS inflammation and demyelination. Enhanced expression of p8 is also observed in the spinal cords of mice with acute experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE) induced by PLP139-151 peptide (10x). Increased expression is detected during disease onset and expression wanes during the remission phase. Finally, p8 is found upregulated (8x) in post-mortem tissue from MS patients and is higher in the plaque tissue compared with adjacent normal-appearing white and gray matter. Thus, p8 is an excellent candidate as a novel biomarker of demyelination.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sheila R. Plant
- Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina
- Neuroscience Center, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina
| | - Ying Wang
- Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina
- Department of Microbiology-Immunology, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina
| | - Sophie Vasseur
- Department of Stress Cellulaire, Centre de Recherche INSERM, EMI 0116, Marseilles, France
| | - J. Cameron Thrash
- Division of Biomedical Sciences, University of California, Riverside, California
| | - Eileen J. Mcmahon
- Department of Microbiology-Immunology and the Interdepartmental Immunobiology Center, Northwestern University Medical School, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Daniel T. Bergstralh
- Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina
| | | | - Stephen D. Miller
- Department of Microbiology-Immunology and the Interdepartmental Immunobiology Center, Northwestern University Medical School, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Monica J. Carson
- Division of Biomedical Sciences, University of California, Riverside, California
| | - Juan L. Iovanna
- Department of Stress Cellulaire, Centre de Recherche INSERM, EMI 0116, Marseilles, France
| | - Jenny P-Y. Ting
- Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina
- Neuroscience Center, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina
- Department of Microbiology-Immunology, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina
- Correspondence to: Jenny P-Y. Ting, Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, CB# 7295, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC 27599. E-mail:
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Barone M, Spano D, D’Apolito M, Centra M, Lasalandra C, Capasso M, Di Leo A, Volinia S, Arcelli D, Rosso N, Francavilla A, Tiribelli C, Iolascon A. Gene expression analysis in HBV transgenic mouse liver: a model to study early events related to hepatocarcinogenesis. Mol Med 2006; 12:115-23. [PMID: 16953557 PMCID: PMC1578771 DOI: 10.2119/2006-00015.barone] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2006] [Accepted: 05/06/2006] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Hepatitis B virus (HBV) is one of the major etiological factors responsible for the development of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). We used a transgenic mouse, containing HBV sequences, as a model system to unravel the molecular mechanisms of hepatocarcinogenesis induced by HBV. We chose this animal model because it consistently develops liver cancer after intermediate steps that mimic the natural history of HBV infection in humans. In this study, we focus our attention on the early events leading to liver cancer. We compared the gene expression profile of 3-month-old transgenic mice with that of 3-month-old wild-type (wt) animals. In the transgenic mouse, microarray data analysis showed a total of 45 significantly differentially expressed genes, 25 highly expressed (fold change > or =2; P = 0.0025), and 20 downregulated (fold change < or =0.5; P = 0.0025). These genes belong to several different functional categories such as the regulation of immunological response, transcription, intracellular calcium ion mobilization, regulation of cell cycle and proliferation, NF-kappab signal transduction cascades, and apoptosis. In particular, the upregulation of the antiapoptotic gene NuprI and the downregulation of the proapoptotic gene Bnip3 were found. This observation was supported by an in vitro apoptosis assay that showed downregulation of apoptosis in hepatocytes of HBV transgenic mouse compared with wt mice treated with staurosporine. In conclusion, our experimental approach allowed identification of new genes modulated by HBV and showed that the apoptotic process was deregulated in transgenic mouse hepatocytes. These data shed light on one possible mechanism by which HBV induces hepatocarcinogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michele Barone
- Sezione di Gastroenterologia, Dipartimento di Emergenza e di Trapianto d’Organo (D.E.T.O.), Università di Bari, Bari, Italia
| | - Daniela Spano
- CEINGE Biotecnologie Avanzate s.c.ra.l., Napoli, Italia
| | - Maria D’Apolito
- Laboratorio di Medicina Molecolare, Dipartimento di Scienze Mediche e del Lavoro, Università di Foggia, Foggia, Italia
| | - Marta Centra
- Laboratorio di Medicina Molecolare, Dipartimento di Scienze Mediche e del Lavoro, Università di Foggia, Foggia, Italia
| | - Carla Lasalandra
- Laboratorio di Medicina Molecolare, Dipartimento di Scienze Mediche e del Lavoro, Università di Foggia, Foggia, Italia
| | - Mario Capasso
- CEINGE Biotecnologie Avanzate s.c.ra.l., Napoli, Italia
| | - Alfredo Di Leo
- Sezione di Gastroenterologia, Dipartimento di Emergenza e di Trapianto d’Organo (D.E.T.O.), Università di Bari, Bari, Italia
| | - Stefano Volinia
- Dipartimento di Morfologia ed Embriologia, Università di Ferrara, Ferrara, Italia
| | - Diego Arcelli
- Dipartimento di Morfologia ed Embriologia, Università di Ferrara, Ferrara, Italia
| | - Natalia Rosso
- Centro Studi Fegato, AREA Science Park, Campus Basovizza Bldg Q, Università di Trieste, Trieste, Italia
| | - Antonio Francavilla
- Sezione di Gastroenterologia, Dipartimento di Emergenza e di Trapianto d’Organo (D.E.T.O.), Università di Bari, Bari, Italia
| | - Claudio Tiribelli
- Centro Studi Fegato, AREA Science Park, Campus Basovizza Bldg Q, Università di Trieste, Trieste, Italia
| | - Achille Iolascon
- CEINGE Biotecnologie Avanzate s.c.ra.l., Napoli, Italia
- Dipartimento di Biochimica e Biotecnologie Mediche, Università di Napoli, Napoli, Italia
- Address correspondence and reprint requests to Prof Achille Iolascon, Chair of Medical Genetics, University Federico II – Naples, CEINGE Biotecnologie Avanzate s.c.ra.l., Via Comunale Margherita 482, 80145 Napoli, Italy. Phone: +39-0813722897; Fax: +39-0813722804; e-mail:
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15
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Abstract
Fracture healing requires the cooperation of multiple molecular signaling pathways. To better understand this cascade of transcriptional events, we compared the gene expression profiles between intact bone and fractured bone at days 1, 2, and 4 using a rat femur model of bone healing. Cluster analysis identified several groups of genes with dynamic temporal expression patterns and stage-specific functions. The immediate-response genes are highlighted by binding activity, transporter activity, and energy derivation. We consider these activities as critical signals for initiation of fracture healing. The continuously increased genes are characterized by those directly involved in bone repair, thus, representing bone specific forefront workers. The constantly upregulated genes tend to regulate general cell growth and are enriched with genes that are involved in tumorigenesis, suggesting common pathways between two processes. The constantly downregulated genes predominantly involve immune response, the significance of which remains for further investigation. Knowledge acquired through this analysis of transcriptional activities at the early stage of bone healing will contribute to our understanding of fracture repair and bone-related pathological conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinmin Li
- Shanxi Agricultural University, Taigu, Shanxi, China 030801
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