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Curi LM, Barrios CE, Attademo AM, Caramello C, Peltzer PM, Lajmanovich RC, Sánchez S, Hernández DR. A realistic combined exposure scenario: effect of microplastics and atrazine on Piaractus mesopotamicus. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2024; 31:29794-29810. [PMID: 38592632 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-024-33177-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2023] [Accepted: 03/28/2024] [Indexed: 04/10/2024]
Abstract
Microplastics, considered emerging environmental contaminants resulting from plastic degradation, are discovered in diverse aquatic ecosystems and can be unintentionally ingested by fish. Therefore, it is essential to characterize their interaction with other contaminants, such as agrochemicals, in aquatic environments. This study aimed to assess histological, enzymatic, and genotoxic biomarkers in juvenile pacú (Piaractus mesopotamicus) exposed to polyethylene (PE) microplastic particles and the herbicide atrazine, individually or combined, for 15 days. Four treatments were used: a negative control (CON), PE in the fish diet (0.1% w/w, FPE), atrazine through water (100 μg L-1, ATZ), and the mixture (ATZ+FPE). Results confirmed histological alterations in gills (edema and lamellar fusion) and liver (necrotic areas and congestion) of fish exposed to ATZ and ATZ+FPE. The number of goblet cells increased in the posterior intestine of fish under ATZ+FPE compared to CON and FPE. Enzyme activities (CAT, GST, AChE, and BChE) significantly increased in ATZ+FPE compared to CON. However, no genotoxic effect was demonstrated. These findings provide insights into the complex impacts of simultaneous exposure to atrazine and microplastics, emphasizing the need for continued research to guide effective environmental management strategies against these contaminants that represent a risk to aquatic organisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucila Marilén Curi
- Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas Técnicas (CONICET), Buenos Aires, Argentina.
- Instituto de Materiales de Misiones (IMAM). Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Químicas y Naturales (FCEQyN), Universidad Nacional de Misiones (UNAM-CONICET), Félix de Azara, 1552, Posadas, Argentina.
| | - Carlos Eduardo Barrios
- Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas Técnicas (CONICET), Buenos Aires, Argentina
- Instituto de Ictiología del Nordeste (INICNE). Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias (FCV), Universidad Nacional del Nordeste (UNNE), Sargento Cabral, 2139, Corrientes, Argentina
| | - Andrés Maximiliano Attademo
- Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas Técnicas (CONICET), Buenos Aires, Argentina
- Laboratorio de Ecotoxicología, Facultad de Bioquímica y Ciencias Biológicas, Universidad Nacional del Litoral (FBCB -UNL-CONICET), Ciudad Universitaria, Paraje "El Pozo", RNN 168, Km, 472, Santa Fe, Argentina
| | - Cynthia Caramello
- Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas Técnicas (CONICET), Buenos Aires, Argentina
- Instituto de Materiales de Misiones (IMAM). Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Químicas y Naturales (FCEQyN), Universidad Nacional de Misiones (UNAM-CONICET), Félix de Azara, 1552, Posadas, Argentina
| | - Paola Mariela Peltzer
- Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas Técnicas (CONICET), Buenos Aires, Argentina
- Laboratorio de Ecotoxicología, Facultad de Bioquímica y Ciencias Biológicas, Universidad Nacional del Litoral (FBCB -UNL-CONICET), Ciudad Universitaria, Paraje "El Pozo", RNN 168, Km, 472, Santa Fe, Argentina
| | - Rafael Carlos Lajmanovich
- Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas Técnicas (CONICET), Buenos Aires, Argentina
- Laboratorio de Ecotoxicología, Facultad de Bioquímica y Ciencias Biológicas, Universidad Nacional del Litoral (FBCB -UNL-CONICET), Ciudad Universitaria, Paraje "El Pozo", RNN 168, Km, 472, Santa Fe, Argentina
| | - Sebastián Sánchez
- Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas Técnicas (CONICET), Buenos Aires, Argentina
- Instituto de Ictiología del Nordeste (INICNE). Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias (FCV), Universidad Nacional del Nordeste (UNNE), Sargento Cabral, 2139, Corrientes, Argentina
| | - David Roque Hernández
- Instituto de Ictiología del Nordeste (INICNE). Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias (FCV), Universidad Nacional del Nordeste (UNNE), Sargento Cabral, 2139, Corrientes, Argentina
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2
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Okagu IU, Okeke ES, Ezeorba WCF, Ndefo JC, Ezeorba TPC. Overhauling the ecotoxicological impact of synthetic pesticides using plants' natural products: a focus on Zanthoxylum metabolites. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2023; 30:67997-68021. [PMID: 37148518 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-023-27258-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2022] [Accepted: 04/23/2023] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
The reduction in agricultural production due to the negative impact of insects and weeds, as well as the health and economic burden associated with vector-borne diseases, has promoted the wide use of chemicals that control these "enemies." However, the use of these synthetic chemicals has been recognized to elicit negative impacts on the environment as well as the health and wellbeing of man. In this study, we presented an overview of recent updates on the environmental and health impacts of synthetic pesticides against agro-pest and disease vectors while exhaustive reviewing the potentials of natural plant products from Zanthoxylum species (Rutaceae) as sustainable alternatives. This study is expected to spur further research on exploiting these plants and their chemicals as safe and effective pesticide entities to minimize the impact of their chemical and synthetic counterparts on health and the environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Innocent Uzochukwu Okagu
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Biological Sciences, University of Nigeria, Nsukka, Enugu State, 410001, Nigeria
| | - Emmanuel Sunday Okeke
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Biological Sciences, University of Nigeria, Nsukka, Enugu State, 410001, Nigeria
- Natural Science Unit, School of General Studies, University of Nigeria, Nsukka, Enugu State, 410001, Nigeria
- Institute of Environmental Health and Ecological Security, School of Environment and Safety Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, 212013, Jiangsu, China
| | | | - Joseph Chinedum Ndefo
- Department of Science Laboratory Technology, University of Nigeria, Nsukka, Enugu State, 410001, Nigeria
| | - Timothy Prince Chidike Ezeorba
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Biological Sciences, University of Nigeria, Nsukka, Enugu State, 410001, Nigeria.
- Department of Genetics and Biotechnology, Faculty of Biological Sciences, University of Nigeria, Nsukka, Enugu State, 410001, Nigeria.
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology, School of Biosciences, University of Birmingham Edgbaston, Birmingham, B15 2TT, United Kingdom.
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3
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Gagneten AM, Regaldo L, Carriquiriborde P, Reno U, Kergaravat SV, Butinof M, Agostini H, Alvarez M, Harte A. Atrazine characterization: An update on uses, monitoring, effects, and environmental impact, for the development of regulatory policies in Argentina. INTEGRATED ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT AND MANAGEMENT 2023; 19:684-697. [PMID: 36165001 DOI: 10.1002/ieam.4690] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2022] [Revised: 09/06/2022] [Accepted: 09/13/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Atrazine (ATZ) is the third most widely used herbicide in Argentina (10 000 t year-1 ) and is approved for sugar cane, flax, corn, sorghum, and tea. An assessment of the ATZ environmental impacts was conducted at the request of the Ministry of Environment and Sustainable Development of Argentina. A review of 541 national and international technical and scientific reports and a survey among agricultural technicians, applicators, and producers was done. The survey revealed that 94% of ATZ applications are terrestrial and use diversion exists, associated mainly with soybean cultivation. Atrazine was reported at high frequencies (50%-100%) in surface and groundwater, sediments, and soils, sometimes exceeding permitted limits. Several sublethal effects induced by ATZ on invertebrate and vertebrate species were found, sometimes at concentrations lower than those in water quality guidelines (<3 µg L-1 ) or the environmental concentrations found in Argentina. Available epidemiological or human health studies of local populations are extremely scarce. This assessment also demonstrated that herbicides are ubiquitous in the environment. The investigation highlights the need for further studies assessing the adverse effects of ATZ on local species, ecosystems, and human health. Therefore, the precautionary principle is recommended to promote better application standards and product traceability to reduce volumes entering the environment and to avoid use deviation. In addition, this work concluded that there is a need for reviewing the toxicological classification, establishing buffer zones for ATZ application, introducing specific management guidelines, and expanding local studies of toxicity, ecotoxicity, and human epidemiology for environmental and health risk assessments. This study could also serve as a preliminary risk evaluation for establishing a final regulatory action and for considering ATZ inclusion in Annex III of the Rotterdam Convention. Finally, the requirements to consider its inclusion in Annex A (Elimination) or B (Restriction) of the Stockholm Convention were evaluated and discussed, and information on the potential of long-range transport was the only criterion with no information to consider. Integr Environ Assess Manag 2023;19:684-697. © 2022 SETAC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana M Gagneten
- Laboratorio de Ecotoxicología, Facultad de Humanidades y Ciencias, Universidad Nacional del Litoral, Ciudad Universitaria, Santa Fe, Argentina
| | - Luciana Regaldo
- Laboratorio de Ecotoxicología, Facultad de Humanidades y Ciencias, Universidad Nacional del Litoral, Ciudad Universitaria, Santa Fe, Argentina
- Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Pedro Carriquiriborde
- Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires, Argentina
- Centro de Investigaciones del Medioambiente, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Universidad Nacional de la Plata-CONICET, La Plata, Argentina
| | - Ulises Reno
- Laboratorio de Ecotoxicología, Facultad de Humanidades y Ciencias, Universidad Nacional del Litoral, Ciudad Universitaria, Santa Fe, Argentina
- Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Silvina V Kergaravat
- Laboratorio de Ecotoxicología, Facultad de Humanidades y Ciencias, Universidad Nacional del Litoral, Ciudad Universitaria, Santa Fe, Argentina
- Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Mariana Butinof
- Facultad de Ciencias Médicas, Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Córdoba, Argentina
| | - Hernan Agostini
- Dirección Nacional de Sustancias y Productos Químicos, Secretaría de Control y Monitoreo Ambiental, Ministerio de Ambiente y Desarrollo Sostenible de la Nación (MAyDS), Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Melina Alvarez
- Dirección Nacional de Sustancias y Productos Químicos, Secretaría de Control y Monitoreo Ambiental, Ministerio de Ambiente y Desarrollo Sostenible de la Nación (MAyDS), Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Agustin Harte
- Dirección Nacional de Sustancias y Productos Químicos, Secretaría de Control y Monitoreo Ambiental, Ministerio de Ambiente y Desarrollo Sostenible de la Nación (MAyDS), Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires, Argentina
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Application of araçá fruit husks (Psidium cattleianum) in the preparation of activated carbon with FeCl3 for atrazine herbicide adsorption. Chem Eng Res Des 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cherd.2022.01.044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
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5
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Sharma R, Jindal R, Faggio C. Impact of cypermethrin in nephrocytes of freshwater fish Catla catla. ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY AND PHARMACOLOGY 2021; 88:103739. [PMID: 34506907 DOI: 10.1016/j.etap.2021.103739] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2021] [Revised: 08/31/2021] [Accepted: 09/05/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
The kidney of Catla catla, chronically exposed to sub-lethal concentrations (0.24 μg/L and 0.41 μg/L) of cypermethrin revealed a significant elevation in the activity of antioxidants superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), glutathione-s-transferase (GST) and reduced glutathione (GSH) after 15 days, followed by a decline of up to 45 days. Lipid peroxidation (LPO) remained elevated throughout the exposure duration. Histology presented proliferated haematopoietic tissue, tubular and glomerular degeneration. The maximum increase in the mean degree of tissue change (DTC) was observed on the 45th day of treatment. Ultra-structure study depicted cytoplasmic vacuolation, fragmented RER, the proliferation of lysosomes, mitochondrial degeneration, and degenerative changes in the epithelial lining of renal tubules. Principal component analysis (PCA) of various biomarkers generated two components PCI (SOD, GST, GSH, LPO and DTC) and PCII (CAT). These findings suggest that long term exposure to cypermethrin can lead to various pathological alterations in the fish kidney which in turn might interfere with normal renal excretory mechanism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ritu Sharma
- Aquatic Biology Laboratory, Department of Zoology, Panjab University, Chandigarh, 160014, India
| | - Rajinder Jindal
- Aquatic Biology Laboratory, Department of Zoology, Panjab University, Chandigarh, 160014, India
| | - Caterina Faggio
- Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences, University of Messina Viale Ferdinando Stagno d'Alcontres, S. Agata, Messina, Italy.
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Zhou R, Liu R, Li W, Wang Y, Wan X, Song N, Yu Y, Xu J, Bu Y, Zhang A. The use of different sublethal endpoints to monitor atrazine toxicity in nematode Caenorhabditis elegans. CHEMOSPHERE 2021; 274:129845. [PMID: 33979940 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2021.129845] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2020] [Revised: 01/28/2021] [Accepted: 01/31/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
In this work, Caenorhabditis elegans was employed as an in vivo model to determine the toxic effects of atrazine at different concentrations. After the exposure period from the larval stage L1 to adulthood day 1, atrazine (10 mg/L) significantly decreased the body length and lifespan of nematodes. In addition, exposure to ≥0.01 mg/L atrazine remarkably increased the intestinal reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels and reduced locomotion behavior of nematodes, while exposure to ≥ 1 mg/L atrazine decreased the brood size of nematodes. Moreover, atrazine (0.001-0.1 mg/L) upregulated the expression levels of hsp-6::GFP and hsp-6/60 in nematodes, indicating the activation of mitochondrial unfolded protein response (mtUPR). On the contrary, atrazine (1-10 mg/L) downregulated the expression levels of hsp-6::GFP and hsp-6/60 in nematodes. Furthermore, mtUPR induction governed by the RNAi knockdown of atfs-1 could increase the vulnerability of nematodes against atrazine toxicity. Overall, our findings highlighted the dynamic responses of nematodes toward different concentrations of atrazine, which could be monitored using different sublethal endpoints as bioindicators.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rong Zhou
- Nanjing Institute of Environmental Science, Ministry of Ecology and Environment, Nanjing, 210042, China; Key Laboratory of Pesticide Environmental Assessment and Pollution Control, Ministry of Ecology and Environment, Nanjing, 210042, China
| | - Ru Liu
- Nanjing Institute of Environmental Science, Ministry of Ecology and Environment, Nanjing, 210042, China
| | - Weixin Li
- Nanjing Institute of Environmental Science, Ministry of Ecology and Environment, Nanjing, 210042, China
| | - Yixuan Wang
- Nanjing Institute of Environmental Science, Ministry of Ecology and Environment, Nanjing, 210042, China; Key Laboratory of Pesticide Environmental Assessment and Pollution Control, Ministry of Ecology and Environment, Nanjing, 210042, China
| | - Xiang Wan
- Nanjing Institute of Environmental Science, Ministry of Ecology and Environment, Nanjing, 210042, China; Key Laboratory of Pesticide Environmental Assessment and Pollution Control, Ministry of Ecology and Environment, Nanjing, 210042, China
| | - Ninghui Song
- Nanjing Institute of Environmental Science, Ministry of Ecology and Environment, Nanjing, 210042, China; Key Laboratory of Pesticide Environmental Assessment and Pollution Control, Ministry of Ecology and Environment, Nanjing, 210042, China
| | - Yue Yu
- Nanjing Institute of Environmental Science, Ministry of Ecology and Environment, Nanjing, 210042, China; Key Laboratory of Pesticide Environmental Assessment and Pollution Control, Ministry of Ecology and Environment, Nanjing, 210042, China
| | - Jiaming Xu
- Nanjing Institute of Environmental Science, Ministry of Ecology and Environment, Nanjing, 210042, China; College of Forestry, Co-Innovation Center for Sustainable Forestry in Southern China, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, 210037, China
| | - Yuanqing Bu
- Nanjing Institute of Environmental Science, Ministry of Ecology and Environment, Nanjing, 210042, China; Key Laboratory of Pesticide Environmental Assessment and Pollution Control, Ministry of Ecology and Environment, Nanjing, 210042, China; Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Atmospheric Environment and Equipment Technology, Nanjing University of Information Science & Technology, Nanjing, 210044, China.
| | - Aiguo Zhang
- Nanjing Institute of Environmental Science, Ministry of Ecology and Environment, Nanjing, 210042, China.
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Chaud M, Souto EB, Zielinska A, Severino P, Batain F, Oliveira-Junior J, Alves T. Nanopesticides in Agriculture: Benefits and Challenge in Agricultural Productivity, Toxicological Risks to Human Health and Environment. TOXICS 2021; 9:131. [PMID: 34199739 PMCID: PMC8230079 DOI: 10.3390/toxics9060131] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2021] [Revised: 05/31/2021] [Accepted: 06/01/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Nanopesticides are nanostructures with two to three dimensions between 1 to 200 nm, used to carry agrochemical ingredients (AcI). Because of their unique properties, the loading of AcI into nanoparticles offers benefits when compared to free pesticides. However, with the fast development of new engineered nanoparticles for pests' control, a new type of environmental waste is being produced. This paper describes the nanopesticides sources, the harmful environmental and health effects arising from pesticide exposure. The potential ameliorative impact of nanoparticles on agricultural productivity and ecosystem challenges are extensively discussed. Strategies for controlled release and stimuli-responsive systems for slow, sustained, and targeted AcI and genetic material delivery are reported. Special attention to different nanoparticles source, the environmental behavior of nanopesticides in the crop setting, and the most recent advancements and nanopesticides representative research from experimental results are revised. This review also addresses some issues and concerns in developing, formulating and toxicity pesticide products for environmentally friendly and sustainable agriculture.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marco Chaud
- Laboratory of Biomaterials and Nanotechnology—LaBNUS, University of Sorocaba, Sorocaba 18078-005, Brazil; (F.B.); (T.A.)
- Technological and Environmental Processes, University of Sorocaba, Sorocaba 18023-000, Brazil;
| | - Eliana B. Souto
- CEB—Centre of Biological Engineering, University of Minho, Campus de Gualtar, 4710-057 Braga, Portugal
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Coimbra, Pólo das Ciências da Saúde, Azinhaga de Santa Comba, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Aleksandra Zielinska
- Institute of Human Genetics, Polish Academy of Sciences, Strzeszyńska 32, 60-479 Poznań, Poland;
| | - Patricia Severino
- Institute of Technology and Research—ITP, Nanomedicine and Nanotechnology Laboratory (LNMed), Aracaju 49010-390, Brazil;
| | - Fernando Batain
- Laboratory of Biomaterials and Nanotechnology—LaBNUS, University of Sorocaba, Sorocaba 18078-005, Brazil; (F.B.); (T.A.)
| | - Jose Oliveira-Junior
- Technological and Environmental Processes, University of Sorocaba, Sorocaba 18023-000, Brazil;
- Laboratory of Applied Physics Nuclear—LAFINAU, University of Sorocaba, Sorocaba 18023-000, Brazil
| | - Thais Alves
- Laboratory of Biomaterials and Nanotechnology—LaBNUS, University of Sorocaba, Sorocaba 18078-005, Brazil; (F.B.); (T.A.)
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8
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Macêdo AKS, de Melo Costa P, Salgado MAR, de Ribeiro RIMA, Dos Santos HB, Thomé RG. Can the exposure system adopted influence the results of the atrazine toxicity in hepatic tissue of fish? JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL ZOOLOGY PART 2021; 335:512-521. [PMID: 33949805 DOI: 10.1002/jez.2471] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2020] [Revised: 03/17/2021] [Accepted: 04/20/2021] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
The widespread use of atrazine, a herbicide used to control weeds, has contributed to the increased contamination of aquatic environments. To assess the toxicological effects of a xenobiotic on a nontarget organism in the laboratory, different models of toxicological exposure systems have been widely used. Therefore, the aim of this study was to evaluate and compare the action of sublethal concentrations of atrazine on the hepatic histology of Oreochromis niloticus, considering two models of exposure: static (where atrazine was only added once) and semi-static (where atrazine was periodically renewed). Fish were exposed to a concentration of 2 ppm atrazine for 15 days, which was verified by high-performance liquid chromatography. The livers were stained with hematoxylin and eosin and histopathological data were collected. In addition, they were submitted to immunohistochemistry for inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS). A maximum variation of 45% (static) and 12.5% (semi-static) was observed between the observed and nominal atrazine concentration. Nuclear and cytoplasmic changes were observed in both experimental models. Hepatocytes from the livers of the static system showed a degenerative appearance, while in the semi-static system, intense cytoplasmic vacuolization and necrosis were observed. iNOS positive cells were identified only in macrophages in the hepatocytes of fish in the semi-static system. These results directly showed how the choice of exposure system can influence the results of toxicological tests. However, future analysis investigating the by-products and nitrogen products should be carried out since the histopathological findings revealed the possibility of these compounds serving as secondary contamination routes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anderson K S Macêdo
- Laboratório de Processamento de Tecidos - LAPROTEC, Universidade Federal de São João Del Rei, Divinópolis, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Pauliane de Melo Costa
- Laboratório de Processamento de Tecidos - LAPROTEC, Universidade Federal de São João Del Rei, Divinópolis, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Mariana A R Salgado
- Laboratório de Processamento de Tecidos - LAPROTEC, Universidade Federal de São João Del Rei, Divinópolis, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Rosy I M A de Ribeiro
- Laboratório de Patologia Experimental - LAPATEX, Universidade Federal de São João Del Rei, Divinópolis, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Hélio B Dos Santos
- Laboratório de Processamento de Tecidos - LAPROTEC, Universidade Federal de São João Del Rei, Divinópolis, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Ralph G Thomé
- Laboratório de Processamento de Tecidos - LAPROTEC, Universidade Federal de São João Del Rei, Divinópolis, Minas Gerais, Brazil
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Neamat‐Allah ANF, Abd El Hakim Y, Mahmoud EA. Alleviating effects of β‐glucan in Oreochromis niloticuson growth performance, immune reactions, antioxidant, transcriptomics disorders and resistance to Aeromonas sobriacaused by atrazine. AQUACULTURE RESEARCH 2020; 51:1801-1812. [DOI: 10.1111/are.14529] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2019] [Accepted: 01/10/2020] [Indexed: 09/02/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Ahmed N. F. Neamat‐Allah
- Department of Clinical Pathology Faculty of Veterinary Medicine Zagazig University Zagazig City Sharkia Province Egypt
| | - Yasser Abd El Hakim
- Department of Fish Diseases and Management Faculty of Veterinary Medicine Zagazig University Zagazig City Sharkia Province Egypt
| | - Essam A. Mahmoud
- Department of Clinical Pathology Faculty of Veterinary Medicine Zagazig University Zagazig City Sharkia Province Egypt
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10
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Zhang J, Xu Y, Liang S, Ma X, Lu Z, Sun P, Zhang H, Sun F. Synergistic effect of Klebsiella sp. FH-1 and Arthrobacter sp. NJ-1 on the growth of the microbiota in the black soil of Northeast China. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2020; 190:110079. [PMID: 31841891 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2019.110079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2019] [Revised: 11/29/2019] [Accepted: 12/09/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
The application of Atrazine in soil has always been a main problem in agriculture because its residuals may maintain in the soil for a long term. In this paper, two strains of Atrazine degrading bacteria (Klebsiella sp. FH-1 and Arthrobacter sp. NJ-1) were used to make biological compound microbial inoculum to repair the Atrazine contaminated typical black soil in Northeast China. Grain chaff was chosen as the optimal carrier material for microbial inoculum. The dynamic changes of Atrazine were detected by gas chromatography. The half-life of Atrazine in soil containing microbial inoculum was shortened from 9.8 d to 4.2 d. The Atrazine sensitive crops grown in the repaired soil showed increased stem length, root length, and emergence rate. The effects of microbial remediation on the original bacterial and fungal biota in the typical black soil in Northeast China were analyzed using the metagenomic approach. Results showed that Atrazine inhibited the original bacteria and fungi populations. The total numbers of bacterial and fungal species in the soil were partially recovered by adding the microbial inoculum. Two genera (Sphingosinicella and Sphingomonas) were the dominant bacteria. The beneficial bacterial biota was recovered and the number of species of the beneficial bacteria was higher than that in the original soil after adding the microbial inoculum. The dominant fungi included genera Guehomyces and Chaetomella. There was a total of 113 unclassified fungal genera (22.6% of 499), indicating the potential utility of the unclassified fungal species in the assessment of the soil contamination by Atrazine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinpeng Zhang
- College of Resource and Environment, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, 130118, PR China
| | - Yuncheng Xu
- College of Resource and Environment, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, 130118, PR China
| | - Shuang Liang
- College of Resource and Environment, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, 130118, PR China
| | - Xiulan Ma
- College of Resource and Environment, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, 130118, PR China
| | - Zhongbin Lu
- College of Resource and Environment, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, 130118, PR China
| | - Peng Sun
- Department of Computer Science, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, USA
| | - Hao Zhang
- College of Resource and Environment, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, 130118, PR China.
| | - Fengjie Sun
- School of Science and Technology, Georgia Gwinnett College, Lawrenceville, GA, 30043, USA.
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Delcorso MC, de Paiva PP, Grigoleto MRP, Queiroz SCN, Collares-Buzato CB, Arana S. Effects of sublethal and realistic concentrations of the commercial herbicide atrazine in Pacu ( Piaractus mesopotamicus): Long-term exposure and recovery assays. Vet World 2020; 13:147-159. [PMID: 32158165 PMCID: PMC7020127 DOI: 10.14202/vetworld.2020.147-159] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2019] [Accepted: 12/17/2019] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Background and Aim: The commercial formulations of the herbicide atrazine (cATZ) are widely employed in Brazilian agriculture, and, as a consequence, ATZ has been found at levels above that established by law in the river basins in Brazil. Although the toxicity of ATZ in fish is well documented, there are few studies on the recovery capacity after cATZ exposure. This work aimed to evaluate, using several biomarkers, the toxic effects of long-term exposure to the sublethal (3.57 mg/L) and nonlethal realistic (3.00 µg/L) cATZ concentrations followed by a recovery assay, in fingerlings of a Brazilian teleost, the Piaractus mesopotamicus (pacu). Materials and Methods: Pacu fingerlings were housed in glass tanks and divided into the following experimental groups (two tanks/group): Exposure control = EC, recovery control = RC, the sublethal groups exposed to 3.57 mg/L of cATZ, (sublethal exposure group = SLE and sublethal recovery group = SLR) and the nonlethal groups treated with 3.00 µg/L of cATZ (nonlethal exposure group = NLE and nonlethal recovery group = NLR). The exposure assay was semi-static with a duration of 30 days and the recovery assay (after cATZ withdrawal) lasted 14 days. Several biomarkers were evaluated in fingerlings from all groups: The swimming behavior, the body weight gain, the micronucleus formation and nuclear alterations in erythrocytes, and the hepatic and renal histopathology analyzed by qualitative and semi-quantitative morphological methods (using light and electron microscopy). Results: No significant difference in weight gain was observed among the groups after the exposure and recovery assays. The sublethal exposure induced impaired swimming movements, significant histopathological alterations, including necrosis in the liver and kidney, and a significant increase in the frequency of micronuclei in erythrocytes. The nonlethal exposure induced only subtle histopathological changes in the liver and kidney. After recovery assay, no genotoxic alteration was noted in pacu exposed to sublethal concentration, while the cATZ-induced kidney damage was partially reversed but not the hepatic injury. Conclusion: cATZ exhibits long-term toxic effects on pacu, even at relatively low concentrations, affecting mainly the liver and the kidney, and the effects of sublethal concentration are only partially reversed after cATZ withdrawal.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariana Cruz Delcorso
- Department of Biochemistry and Tissue Biology, University of Campinas, Campinas, SP, Brazil
| | - Paula Pereira de Paiva
- Department of Biochemistry and Tissue Biology, University of Campinas, Campinas, SP, Brazil
| | | | - Sônia C N Queiroz
- Laboratory of Residues and Contaminants, Embrapa Environment, Jaguariúna, SP, Brazil
| | | | - Sarah Arana
- Department of Biochemistry and Tissue Biology, University of Campinas, Campinas, SP, Brazil
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Pérez-Iglesias JM, Franco-Belussi L, Natale GS, de Oliveira C. Biomarkers at different levels of organisation after atrazine formulation (SIPTRAN 500SC ®) exposure in Rhinella schineideri (Anura: Bufonidae) Neotropical tadpoles. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2019; 244:733-746. [PMID: 30384079 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2018.10.073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2018] [Revised: 10/11/2018] [Accepted: 10/15/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Brazil is an important consumer of herbicides. In sugarcane cultivation-the country's most extensive agricultural crop-atrazine-based formulations are the principal form of weed control. Several studies have investigated adverse effects of atrazine or their formulations on anurans, but not specifically on Brazilian species. Our aim was therefore to investigate the lethal and sublethal effects of an atrazine-based herbicide in Rhinella schneideri tadpoles and, in particular, effects on the pigmentation system as a new endpoint in ecotoxicological studies. Rhinella schneideri tadpoles at the Gosner-30 stage were exposed to the atrazine-based herbicide formulation, SIPTRAN 500 SC®, in acute bioassays at concentrations of 1.5-25 mg/L. The lethal and sublethal effects induced were analysed at different ecotoxicological levels: organismal level (alterations in behaviour, growth, development, and body mass; morphologic abnormalities), histological level (liver histopathology), the pigmentation system (melanomacrophages and dermal-melanophores), and cellular level (erythrocyte micronucleus formation and other nuclear-abnormalities). This herbicide induced sublethal effects at the organismal level with alterations in swimming and growth and morphologic abnormalities. These results demonstrated that, in anuran tadpoles, the atrazine-based agrochemical increased the frequency of micronucleus formation and other nuclear-abnormalities in erythrocytes and caused liver damage. In addition, we demonstrated for the first time effects of an atrazine-based formulation on the pigmentation system of anuran tadpoles, specifically an increase in the number of melanomacrophages and dermal melanophores. This study is the first to use several widely differing endpoints at different ecotoxicological levels in a comprehensive manner for assessment of the effects of environmental stressors in order to determine the health status of Neotropical anuran species. In doing so, this study establishes a foundation for future ecological assessments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan Manuel Pérez-Iglesias
- Instituto de Química de San Luis, INQUISAL (UNSL-CONICET), Universidad Nacional de San Luis, Chacabuco y Pedernera, 5700 San Luis, Argentina; UNESP - Universidade Estadual Paulista, Departamento de Biologia, São José do Rio Preto, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Lilian Franco-Belussi
- UNESP - Universidade Estadual Paulista, Departamento de Biologia, São José do Rio Preto, São Paulo, Brazil; Instituto de Biociências (InBio), Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso do Sul, UFMS, Brazil.
| | - Guillermo Sebastián Natale
- Centro de Investigaciones del Medio Ambiente, CIM (UNLP-CONICET), Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Universidad Nacional de La Plata, 1900 Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Classius de Oliveira
- UNESP - Universidade Estadual Paulista, Departamento de Biologia, São José do Rio Preto, São Paulo, Brazil
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Lin J, Xia J, Zhao HS, Hou R, Talukder M, Yu L, Guo JY, Li JL. Lycopene Triggers Nrf2-AMPK Cross Talk to Alleviate Atrazine-Induced Nephrotoxicity in Mice. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2018; 66:12385-12394. [PMID: 30360616 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.8b04341] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Atrazine (ATR), an environmental persistent and bioaccumulative herbicide, has been associated with environmental nephrosis. Lycopene (LYC) exhibits important properties of nephroprotection, but there are limited data on the specific underlying mechanism. The primary objective of this study was to explore the therapeutic effect of LYC on ATR-induced nephrotoxicity in mice. The mice were divided randomly into 6 groups and treated as follows: control group (C), 5 mg/kg LYC group (L), 50 mg/kg ATR group (A1), 200 mg/kg ATR group (A2), 50 mg/kg ATR plus 5 mg/kg LYC group (A1+L), and 200 mg/kg ATR plus 5 mg/kg LYC group (A2+L) by oral gavage administration for 21 days. We found that pretreatment with LYC significantly suppressed the ATR-induced renal tubular epithelial cell swelling. Furthermore, LYC mitigated ATR-induced dysregulation of oxidative stress markers by reducing MDA, H2O2 levels, and increasing SOD, GPx, CAT concentration, and Nrf2 activation. Moreover, LYC activated the autophagic flux by a detectable change in autophagy-related genes (Beclin-1 and ATGs) and proteins (p62/SQSTM) and by the formation of autophagic vacuole (AV) and LC3 aggregation, in parallel with AMPK activation (pAMPK/AMPK). Herein, ATR-up-regulated nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) expression and Nrf2-regulated redox genes, including quinoneoxidoreductase-1 (NQO1) and heme oxidase-1 (HO1), whereas LYC down-regulated those of the above genes. In addition, LYC suppressed ATR-induced activation of autophagy (increased LC3II/LC3I, ATGs, Beclin1, and p62, in parallel with increased AMPK activation). Collectively, our findings identified a cross talk between AMPK-activated autophagy and the Nrf2 signaling pathway in LYC-mediated nephroprotection against ATR-induced toxicity in mice kidney.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia Lin
- College of Veterinary Medicine , ‡Key Laboratory of the Provincial Education Department of Heilongjiang for Common Animal Disease Prevention and Treatment , and §Heilongjiang Key Laboratory for Laboratory Animals and Comparative Medicine , Northeast Agricultural University , Harbin 150030 , P.R. China
| | - Jun Xia
- College of Veterinary Medicine , ‡Key Laboratory of the Provincial Education Department of Heilongjiang for Common Animal Disease Prevention and Treatment , and §Heilongjiang Key Laboratory for Laboratory Animals and Comparative Medicine , Northeast Agricultural University , Harbin 150030 , P.R. China
| | - Hua-Shan Zhao
- College of Veterinary Medicine , ‡Key Laboratory of the Provincial Education Department of Heilongjiang for Common Animal Disease Prevention and Treatment , and §Heilongjiang Key Laboratory for Laboratory Animals and Comparative Medicine , Northeast Agricultural University , Harbin 150030 , P.R. China
| | - Rui Hou
- College of Veterinary Medicine , ‡Key Laboratory of the Provincial Education Department of Heilongjiang for Common Animal Disease Prevention and Treatment , and §Heilongjiang Key Laboratory for Laboratory Animals and Comparative Medicine , Northeast Agricultural University , Harbin 150030 , P.R. China
| | - Milton Talukder
- College of Veterinary Medicine , ‡Key Laboratory of the Provincial Education Department of Heilongjiang for Common Animal Disease Prevention and Treatment , and §Heilongjiang Key Laboratory for Laboratory Animals and Comparative Medicine , Northeast Agricultural University , Harbin 150030 , P.R. China
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Faculty of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine , Patuakhali Science and Technology University , Barishal 8210 , Bangladesh
| | - Lei Yu
- College of Veterinary Medicine , ‡Key Laboratory of the Provincial Education Department of Heilongjiang for Common Animal Disease Prevention and Treatment , and §Heilongjiang Key Laboratory for Laboratory Animals and Comparative Medicine , Northeast Agricultural University , Harbin 150030 , P.R. China
| | - Jian-Ying Guo
- College of Veterinary Medicine , ‡Key Laboratory of the Provincial Education Department of Heilongjiang for Common Animal Disease Prevention and Treatment , and §Heilongjiang Key Laboratory for Laboratory Animals and Comparative Medicine , Northeast Agricultural University , Harbin 150030 , P.R. China
| | - Jin-Long Li
- College of Veterinary Medicine , ‡Key Laboratory of the Provincial Education Department of Heilongjiang for Common Animal Disease Prevention and Treatment , and §Heilongjiang Key Laboratory for Laboratory Animals and Comparative Medicine , Northeast Agricultural University , Harbin 150030 , P.R. China
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García-Espiñeira M, Tejeda-Benitez L, Olivero-Verbel J. Toxicity of atrazine- and glyphosate-based formulations on Caenorhabditis elegans. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2018; 156:216-222. [PMID: 29550685 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2018.02.075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2017] [Revised: 02/04/2018] [Accepted: 02/28/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Atrazine and Glyphosate are herbicides massively used in agriculture for crop protection. Upon application, they are available to the biota in different ecosystems. The aim of this research was to evaluate the toxicity of Glyphosate and Atrazine based formulations (GBF and ABF, respectively). Caenorhabditis elegans was exposed to different concentrations of each single formulation, and to the mixture. Lethality, locomotion, growth, and fertility were measured as endpoints. Effects on gene expression were monitored utilizing green fluorescence protein transgenic strains. ABF caused lethality of 12%, 15%, and 18% for 6, 60, and 600 μM, respectively, displaying a dose dependence trend. GBF produced lethality of 20%, 50%, and 100% at 0.01, 10, and 100 μM, respectively. Locomotion inhibition ranged from 21% to 89% at the lowest and maximum tested concentrations for Atrazine; whereas for Glyphosate, exposure to 10 μM inhibited 87%. Brood size was decreased by 67% and 93% after treatment to 0.06 and 6 μM Atrazine, respectively; and by 23% and 93% after exposure to 0.01 and 10 μM Glyphosate, respectively. There were no significant differences in growth. Changes in gene expression occurred in all genes, highlighting the expression of sod-1, sod-4, and gpx-4 that increased more than two-fold after exposure to 600 μM ABF and 10 μM GBF. The effects observed for the mixture of these formulations were additive for lethality, locomotion and fertility. In short, GBF, ABF, and their mixture induced several toxic responses related to oxidative stress on C. elegans.
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Affiliation(s)
- María García-Espiñeira
- Environmental and Computational Chemistry Group, Zaragocilla Campus. School of Pharmaceutical Sciences. University of Cartagena, Cartagena 130015, Colombia.
| | - Lesly Tejeda-Benitez
- Development and Use of Biomass Research Group, Piedra de Bolivar Campus, School of Engineering, Universidad de Cartagena, Cartagena, 130015, Colombia.
| | - Jesus Olivero-Verbel
- Environmental and Computational Chemistry Group, Zaragocilla Campus. School of Pharmaceutical Sciences. University of Cartagena, Cartagena 130015, Colombia.
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